by Lisa Gibson (SAF Magazine) The Carbon Transformation Technology developed by California-based Twelve splits apart carbon dioxide (CO2) at low temperatures using electrochemistry, creating foundational elements for fuels, chemicals and plastics.
Twelve, founded in 2016, has partnered for demonstration projects to produce the world’s first laundry detergent ingredients from CO2 with Procter & Gamble, the world’s first car parts from CO2 with Mercedes Benz and, most recently, the world’s first e-jet fuel from CO2 with the United States Air Force. “As we’ve embarked on this journey, not only have we invented our technology, but we’ve also seen the right amount of investment and support from the right partners and customers,” says Ashwin Jadhav, vice president of business development at Twelve. “We’ve seen and participated in many sectors growing.”
With so many potential applications, Twelve chose to focus first on sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) because of its demand and impact, according to Jadhav and Nicholas Flanders, Twelve cofounder and CEO. SAF provides a ready market and customers with a strong drive to decarbonize, as well as incentives through state programs and the Inflation Reduction Act. But fundamentally, the technology is ideally suited for e-fuels, with its low-temperature process and ability to integrate with a variety of electricity sources, including (and preferably) renewables, Flanders says.
Jadhav also emphasizes the immediate need to reduce reliance on fossil fuels and to remove CO2 from the atmosphere.
...
Alaska Airlines is the first commercial airline partner and, along with Microsoft, already has off-take agreements in place for the e-jet fuel produced at Twelve’s first commercial-scale production plant, currently under construction in Moses Lake, Washington. “We’ve really anchored on SAF as a core product,” Flanders says.
Cyclical Carbon Economy
Though carbon capture has become a key piece of the solution to reducing emissions, Jadhav envisions a more circular, useful application. “At Twelve, we believe in taking that carbon and transforming it. That captured carbon goes back into the operational loop. So, we’re creating a cyclical carbon economy ... it thereby eliminates the reliance on fossil fuels, because you’re using the carbon dioxide as a feedstock.”
Carbon Transformation Technology is a CO2 electrolyzer that uses renewable electricity, CO2 and water to produce carbon monoxide. That outputted carbon monoxide is added to hydrogen (also produced by Twelve through water electrolysis) to make syngas, what Jadhav calls a “foundational element.” To produce the e-jet fuel, that syngas is run through a Fischer-Tropsch reactor. The result is an ASTM-certified, drop-in fuel that will not need recertification.
...
Then, in 2021, the Air Force expressed interest, not only for sustainability and flexibility, but also as a means to save lives, as fuel transports are often targeted, Flanders says. Twelve started to look toward commercialization and further scale-up, eventually growing to 270 employees. The company is well funded, Jadhav says, and raised over $250 million in the past few years. “The amount of confidence and support we’ve seen from investors and partners has been tremendous. We’ve attracted some of the biggest investors,” he says, citing Microsoft, Capricorn Investment Group, DCVC and Microsoft Climate Investment Fund. Twelve also has a 14-year, multimillion-gallon deal with International Airlines Group, as well as an agreement with the Sustainable Aviation Buyers Alliance, a group of corporate customers interested in purchasing SAF credits.
...
The CO2 supply for the plant will come from undisclosed ethanol producers. “It’s fairly concentrated CO2, it’s fairly clean, which means it’s relatively easy and cheap to capture and process,” Flanders says. “We’re quite compatible with this existing industry that’s making biogenic CO2 emissions, and we can now put them to use and turn them into clean fuel.” Estimating CO2 emissions of about 40 million tons across the U.S. ethanol industry annually, Flanders says, “There’s a huge amount of CO2 that’s just being thrown away every day. We can turn that CO2 into e-jet fuel.”
The goal for scale-up is to colocate near ethanol plants for Twelve’s dozen or so future U.S. facilities, Flanders says, before branching out internationally. Siting what Twelve calls AirPlants—producing e-jet fuel and e-naphtha—relies heavily upon demand, electricity costs and policy environments. READ MORE
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