co-processing

Back TO HOME

The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Ensyn

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This presentation by Dr. Robert Graham, CEO of Ensyn, outlines the company’s Renewable Thermal Processing (RTP) technology and its potential for producing a range of bio-based products, including renewable heating fuels, gasoline, diesel, methanol, ethanol, and

Read Full Article

Planes Powered by Corn? Michigan Could Spur Airlines toward Greener Fuels

by Lucas Smolcic Larson (Michigan Live)  ... A proposed law introduced last year by East Lansing Democratic state Sen. Sam Singh, Senate Bill 447, would subsidize in-state purchases of the fuel for flights leaving Michigan with a tax credit of between $1.50 and

Read Full Article

Prioritizing Sustainable Aviation Fuel Production in South Korea Could Benefit the Domestic Economy and Global Decarbonization Efforts

(Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis (IEEFA))   South Korea can lead the sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) industry with its advanced recycling system and above-average waste recycling rate -- A new report by the Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis (IEEFA) highlights

Read Full Article

Airlines Not Switching Quickly Enough to Green Jet Fuel, Study Says

by Joanna Plucinska (Reuters)  Most of the world's airlines are not doing enough to switch to sustainable jet fuel, according to a study by Brussels-based advocacy group Transport and Environment, which also found too little investment by oil producers in the transition. The airline

Read Full Article

HD Hyundai Oilbank Advances in Biofuel and Circular Economy Sectors

by Jung Suk-yee (Business Korea) Company Pioneers Circular Naphtha from Pyrolysis Oil and Bio Naphtha from Waste Cooking Oil -- In a series of groundbreaking developments, HD Hyundai Oilbank has made significant strides in the biofuel and circular economy sectors, positioning itself as a

Read Full Article

THAI Joins Forces with PTTGC-OR to Take off “SAF” Fuel, Revolutionizing the Thai Aviation Industry in Full.

(Money and Banking Online)  THAI joins hands with PTTGC-OR to drive the Thai aviation industry into the era of sustainable energy, moving forward with the full use of aviation fuel or SAF, reducing greenhouse gas emissions by up to 80%, the

Read Full Article

Biofuel Consumption Surges Following Implementation of Canada’s Clean Fuel Regulations: Biofuels in Canada 2024 report

(Advanced Biofuels Canada/EIN Newswire)  New report shows significant ramp up in adoption of low carbon fuels and cost-effective avoided emissions -- Advanced Biofuels Canada (ABFC) announced the release of the ninth annual Navius Research Biofuels in Canada (BIC) report, the annual quantitative report

Read Full Article

DHL Express and Shell Sign Deal to Drive Sustainable Air Freight at Brussels Airport

(DHL Group) The 1-year deal includes the delivery of 25 kt SAF into Brussels via pipeline to the airport.  -- 1-year deal for delivery of 25 kt sustainable aviation fuels (SAF) into Brussels; Expected greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) reduction of around 80 kt

Read Full Article

A Major Turn: Big Oil Bets on Biofuels with More than 40 Projects Planned by Turn of Decade

by Lars Klesse and Kartik Selvaraju (Rystad Energy) Under increasing pressure to decarbonize and shift away from traditional fossil fuels, the world’s leading oil and gas companies are ramping up investments in the biofuels sector. Major players such as BP, Chevron, Shell,

Read Full Article

bp and MIGASA Agree to Supply Non-food Industrial Waste to Produce Biofuels at the Castellón Refinery

(bp)  -- bp has signed an agreement with the agri-food group MIGASA for the supply of up to 40,000 tonnes per year of non-food industrial waste from vegetable oil for a decade.  -- bp will use the biological feedstock to produce

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Topsoe SAF technology

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This is a presentation given by Milica Folić of Topsoe at the ABLC Next conference in 2024, focusing on the company’s perspective on the development of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) by 2025. The presentation highlights Topsoe’s

Read Full Article

Indian Oil Advocates Integrating Biodiesel Processing within Existing Refineries to Meet 5% Biodiesel Blending Target

by Shahkar Abidi  (Autocar Professional)  Indian Oil, India’s largest state-owned oil and gas corporation, is urging the government to allow biodiesel to be processed alongside traditional crude oil at its refineries, a shift it argues could facilitate the country’s ambitions

Read Full Article

Petrobras Sells Diesel with Renewable Content to Vale

(Petrobras)  Fuel that reduces greenhouse gas emissions is being used by mining company in off-road truck and locomotive  --  Petrobras and Vale announced an agreement to supply products focused on competitiveness and advancing the decarbonization agenda. The agreement includes the use of

Read Full Article

Air France-KLM Ramps up Its SAF Offtake Agreement with TotalEnergies, which Will Supply up to 1.5 Million Tons of More Sustainable Aviation Fuel over a 10-Year Period

(TotalEnergies) TotalEnergies and Air France-KLM have signed an agreement for TotalEnergies to supply up to 1.5 million tons of more sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) to Air France-KLM Group airlines over a 10-year period, until 2035. This agreement marks one the largest SAF

Read Full Article

How Integrating SAF into Aviation Fuel Supply Chains Requires Collaboration between Stakeholders

by Paige Smith (Business Airport International) The business aviation sector has long been committed to reducing it’s carbon footprint, and sustainable aviation fuel represents a significant breakthrough the industry’s efforts. However, the transition to biofuels is complex, requiring advancements in technology,

Read Full Article

Korea's SK Energy to Start Commercial Operations of SAF Production Line

by Hyung-Kyu Kim (Korea Economic Daily) The refiner of SK Innovation is considering establishing a full SAF-dedicated production facility if demand rises fast enough  --  SK Energy Co., South Korea’s largest oil refiner, is set to start commercial operations of a production line

Read Full Article

Federal bp Grant Enables Biomass-to-SAF Production in Washington

(Bioenergy Insight)  bp America's Cherry Point Refinery in Blaine in Washington State will receive a federal grant of $26,763,504 to build infrastructure and buy equipment to allow it to produce sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) for the first time, using renewable

Read Full Article

South Africa Could Produce up to 4.5bn Litres of SAF Annually as IATA Urges Development Priority

by Tony Harrington (GreenAir News)  The International Air Transport Association (IATA) has urged South Africa’s new government to prioritise the development of sustainable aviation fuel to help meet surging global demand from airlines, while also creating a significant new economic driver

Read Full Article

Trends, Pathways and Feedstocks

(Topsoe/SAF Magazine) Topsoe's Production Line Director Milica Folic shares perspective on the current state-of-play in the SAF market, and what the future may hold in terms of technology and production pathways.  --  ... For Hydroprocessed esters and fatty acids (HEFA), some final

Read Full Article

President Lula Launches National Energy Transition Policy, Expected to Bring BRL 2 Trillion in Investment

(Office of the President of Brazil) Initiative approved by National Energy Policy Council (Conselho Nacional de Política Energética/CNPE) to boost green economy. Body approved six other measures -- On Monday, August 26, President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva launched the National

Read Full Article

Synthetic SAF Can, and Should, Qualify for 45Z

(Clean Air Task Force)  Synthetic SAF will be an essential component of aviation decarbonization  -- Synthetic sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) will be essential to decarbonizing aviation, especially as the sector’s demand for low-carbon energy carriers continues to grow. CATF analysis has shown that biofuel

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Membrane Separation Processes and Materials

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Membrane-based separation processes can provide an energy and carbon-efficient alternative separation strategy for decarbonization of transportation and industry. However, the technology is not currently optimized for the bioprocessing industry and has scalability issues due to lack of mechanical

Read Full Article

Now Available! U.S. Department of Energy Sustainable Aviation Fuel State-of-Industry Report

(U.S. Department of Energy)  The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), in partnership with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO), released the first two parts of the Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) State-of-Industry Report. The report focuses on how to achieve the near-term fuel production

Read Full Article

Nexus Development Capital Announces Investment in Castlerock Biofuels

(Nexus Development Capital/PR Newswire)  Nexus Development Capital, LLC (NDC), a leading investment firm specializing in catalytic capital for teams deploying low-carbon infrastructure, is pleased to announce an investment of approximately $9 million in Castlerock Biofuels LLC (Castlerock Biofuels), a joint venture company led

Read Full Article

SAF Production to Triple in 2024 but More Opportunities for Diversification Needed

(International Air Transport Association)   The International Air Transport Association (IATA) announced that its projections for a tripling of Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) production in 2024 to 1.9 billion liters (1.5 million tonnes) are on track. This would account for 0.53% of

Read Full Article

South Korea Enforces New Legislation to Boost Sustainable Aviation Fuel Industry

by Jung Min-hee (Business Korea) In a significant move towards sustainable aviation, South Korea's refining industry is set to gain momentum with the enforcement of the "Petroleum and Petroleum Alternative Fuel Business Act" starting from August 7. This legislation aims to

Read Full Article

Energy Ministry Accentuates Importance of Expediting SAF Development

(Antara)   The Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources highlighted the need to accelerate the development of sustainable aviation fuels (SAF) in the country, given their potential. "The roadmap for SAF for aircraft has been issued by the Coordinating Ministry of Maritime Affairs

Read Full Article

Analysis of the Potential for Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) Production from Colombian Agro-Industrial Residues

by Mauricio López, Sergio Leonb, Sergio Rocha, Johan Saenz, Santiago Rincon, Vladimir Silva, John Posada, Oscar Alvarez (Chemical Engineering Transactions) This study assesses the economic and environmental implications of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) production using Alcohol-to-Jet (ATJ) and Gasification Fischer-Tropsch (GFT) technologies,

Read Full Article

OMV Starts up Co-processing Plant at Schwechat Refinery

(OMV) Up to 160,000 metric tons of liquid biomass per year to be converted into high quality renewable diesel blending component, also be used for the newest generation of OMV’s MaxxMotion Diesel; Almost EUR 200 mn invested in OMV Schwechat refinery; OMV carbon

Read Full Article

South Africa Has Vast Potential in Sustainable Aviation Fuel Production

(International Air Transport Association (IATA))  The International Air Transport Association (IATA) called on South Africa to mobilize its experience, resources, and infrastructure to accelerate the development of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) production. The call came as government and industry officials gathered

Read Full Article

Fast, Simple and Ready: Unlocking Opportunities in Coprocessing SAF

by Maria J. L. Perez and Milica Folic (Topsoe/Biobased Diesel Daily) Discover which units are the most suitable for coprocessing, what modifications are required and which feedstocks are best for SAF yield.  --  As the aviation industry seeks to reduce its carbon footprint,

Read Full Article

NULIFE's Carbon Negative Biocrude Oil shipped to U.S. Refinery

(NULIFE) We are excited to announce that NULIFE has successfully shipped its first batch of carbon-negative bio crude oil for testing to a US refinery equipped with advanced co-processing capabilities. This milestone marks a significant achievement in our mission to validate multiple

Read Full Article

Accelerating SAF: Digest / Topsoe Webinar

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) The world wants SAF, needs SAF — with targets like the 3 Billion Gallons by 2030 SAF Grand Challenge, it's time to fast-track production. We know the why and the when. But how, where, with what,

Read Full Article

Fast-tracking Sustainable Aviation Production --- July 3, 2024 --- ONLINE

The world wants SAF, needs SAF — with targets like the 3 Billion Gallons by 2030 SAF Grand Challenge, it's time to fast-track production. We know the why and the when. But how, where, with what, at what price and

Read Full Article

HD Hyundai Oilbank to Pioneer Korea's First Export of Sustainable Aviation Fuel

by  Michael Herh (Business Korea) HD Hyundai Oilbank announced on June 16 that it will be the first in Korea to export Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF). The SAF produced by HD Hyundai Oilbank will be supplied to the Japanese trading company Marubeni

Read Full Article

SAF Boost: BPCL May Invest Rs 1,400 crore to Set up Sustainable Aviation Fuel Units

(BioEnergy Times) State-run Bharat Petroleum Corp (BPCL) is planning to establish sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) units at its three refineries, as per media report. This initiative is aimed at supporting the government’s target of achieving 1% blending of SAF. BPCL is

Read Full Article

BP Plans Foray into 2G Ethanol, Sustainable Jet Fuel with Brazil Base

by Roberto Samora and Marcelo Teixeira (Reuters)  BP Plc (BP.L) will evaluate expanding and diversifying its biofuel operation in Brazil, looking at new products such as second-generation ethanol and sustainable aviation fuel after buying out Bunge (BG.N) from their joint venture BP Bunge Bioenergia. The company said

Read Full Article

SkyNRG Releases Sustainable Aviation Fuel Market Outlook 2024

(SkyNRG) - A decisive year for announced projects targeting operations before 2030, as most in progress facilities still face the challenges of raising capital, construction, and commissioning.  - Regulatory developments are driving Sustainable Aviation fuel (SAF) demand, with mandates and aspirational

Read Full Article

ANA Taps Marubeni for Cheaper Sustainable Aviation Fuel at Narita Airport

by Keigo Yoshida (Nikkeo Asia) Vegetable oil mixed with crude in existing refineries to emit less CO2 --  Japanese trading house Marubeni has begun supplying All Nippon Airways with lower-emissions sustainable aviation fuel produced in South Korea by a method that cuts the

Read Full Article

Where Is the SAF Going to Come From?

By Jim Mladenik (Stillwater Associates) In a past article – SAF in the IRA Era – How do the incentives stack up? – we described why sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) is more expensive to produce than renewable diesel (RD) and how the Inflation Reduction Act

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Ensyn

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Ensyn’s current focus is on low-carbon fuels, including low-carbon heating and cooling solutions for institutional and industrial customers and low-carbon feedstock solutions for petroleum refineries for the production of renewable transportation fuels. Ensyn Chairman Robert Graham

Read Full Article

Fuels of the Future: Unpacking the Pathway for Advanced Fuels in Brazil

by Priscila Pinheiro (S&P Global)  New renewable diesel and sustainable aviation fuel mandates in Brazil have attracted investors to the domestic market, with a focus on regional supply security while also looking to meet the country's energy transition requirements. On March 13,

Read Full Article

Co-Processing SAF: Standards, Incentives and Regulation

by Maria J. L. Perez and Milica Folić (Topsoe/Biomass Magazine) ... One method of SAF production, known as co-processing, has emerged as a viable solution in the here and now. But what are the regulations and standards that producers need to

Read Full Article

Biogenic Testing via Carbon-14 Analysis Validates Biofuel Blends for Regulatory Compliance

by Jordan Turner* (Beta Analytic for Advanced Biofuels USA) Biofuels are gaining attention on the market as a renewable alternative to fossil fuels. Often biofuel regulations require assurances of the replacement of fossil fuel with renewables. Carbon-14 analysis can provide

Read Full Article

Engineering Breakthrough – The Davis Refinery Project in North Dakota will be the World’s First Net Zero Carbon Refinery

(Meridian Energy Group)  Design of the Davis Refinery has now established GHG emissions from Davis have been reduced to less than 50% of industry average levels, and the remaining GHG emissions are offset by coprocessing vegetable oil in its Diesel Hydrotreater

Read Full Article

HD Hyundai Oilbank Starts Operation of New Biodiesel Plant

by Baek Byung-yeul (The Korea Times)  HD Hyundai Oilbank has started production at its biodiesel plant with an annual capacity of 130,000 tons, as part of the oil refiner's efforts to expand into the eco-friendly energy business, HD Hyundai Group affiliate said

Read Full Article

Full Throttle: The Aviation Industry Has Been Working on Bio-Aviation Fuels Since the Late 2000s.

 by Dhanisha Juleemun, Lucky Nurafiatin, Daria Kochetkova, and Jorge Sierra (SGS INSPIRE/Biofuels International) The first flight using bio-aviation fuel took off in 2008 - it was flown by Virgin Atlantic from London to Amsterdam. Since then, many more airlines have carried out

Read Full Article

Co-processing Promises a Cost-Efficient SAF Pathway – but Not All Refineries Face Equal Costs

by Maria J. L. Perez and Milica Folic (Topsoe/Biofuels Digest)  By introducing renewable feedstocks directly into existing diesel hydrotreaters, refineries can produce a combination of renewable and fossil diesel, reducing CO2 emissions originating from fossil-based feedstocks. But what are the main

Read Full Article

Biofuel Industry Calls on German Government to Delay Rule Allowing Coprocessed HVO to Meet GHG-Reduction Bbligations

(Verband der Deutschen Biokraftstoffindustrie/Biobase Diesel Daily)  The Association of German Biofuel Producers (VDB) announced March 11 that it is calling for a delay in the German federal government’s approval of hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) coprocessed with petroleum in a refinery to

Read Full Article

Using Solid Waste to Decarbonise Aviation

(Topsoe/Biofuels International)  ... There is an increasing interest in co-processing as a production method to provide the required short-term ramp up in SAF production. Co-processing allows refineries to convert renewable feedstocks into drop-in, biojet fuel at economically competitive prices, meaning it can

Read Full Article

bp Wants to Reposition Its Refinery in Gelsenkirchen for the Future

(bp) bp is planning a major transformation at the Gelsenkirchen site in order to prepare the refinery site for the energy transition and make it future-proof.  High system complexity, structurally high costs and declining demand for conventional fuels are driving the need

Read Full Article

Fueling the Future: Biofuels Driving Progress on Net Zero

(S&P Global) The role of biofuels in energy transition is growing, as they can help decarbonize hard-to-abate transport sectors, but more supply is needed to keep the world on track with net-zero goals. S&P Global Commodity Insights explores how regional policies

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to the State of Feedstocks and Advanced Agriculture

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) In this presentation, we explored the challenges faced by global feedstock producers in shifting towards low carbon fuels, chemicals and materials — new technologies for yield, better soil and carbon practices, new crops and intermediates, and

Read Full Article

S-OIL to Produce Bio-Based, Low-Carbon, Eco-friendly Products

(S-Oil) ● S-OIL has begun to introduce bio-based feedstocks, including used cooking oil and the byproducts of the palm oil, to produce low-carbon fuels such as sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), a first for a refiner in Korea. ● It will produce eco-friendly

Read Full Article

Renewable Diesel (HEFA) Plant Conversions for Maximum SAF Production

by Mark Robertson (Lee Enterprises/Biofuels Digest) Renewable diesel (“RD”) and sustainable aviation fuel (“SAF”) can be produced by hydrotreating virtually any type of biogenic feedstock lipid (oil). In processes involving hydrotreated esters and fatty acids (“HEFA” processes), the most common feedstocks

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Trends within Sustainable Aviation Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Balance your risks and rewards,” advises Topsoe’s Henrik Guldberg Petersen at ABLC Next 2023 in San Francisco, addressing the challenges of feedstock as a very scarce resource, making every carbon atom count for lower CI; the

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to the State of Sustainable Aviation Fuel 2024

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  This week on ABLC CONNECT, we networked and exchanged information about the world of Sustainable Aviation Fuel, and as part of the proceedings, we had the State of Sustainable Aviation Fuel presentation. The slides are here.

Read Full Article

OMV and Microsoft Accelerate Decarbonization of Corporate Air Travel and Its Supply Chain Logistics

(OMV Group)  OMV and Microsoft sign an agreement for the purchase of Sustainable Aviation Fuel certificates (SAFc); OMV SAF Business solutions is tailored to help organizations reach their climate targets (Scope 3); “Chain of custody” model enables Microsoft to accelerate the decarbonization of

Read Full Article

Korea Updates Laws to Promote Biofuels, Energy Security

by Sarah Giam and Yong Li Tng  (Argus Media) South Korea passed amendments to its laws on 9 January which will make it easier to produce biofuels via co-processing, refiners said. Refiners will no longer need to get government approval for co-processing,

Read Full Article

‘Balance’ and ‘Harmony’ and ‘SAF’: Key Words at the 2023 AFCC Global Biobased Economy Conference

by Joanne Ivancic* (Advanced Biofuels USA)  Conferences serve to present the current thoughts, activities and plans for the community involved in the focus of the event.  At the 2023 Alternative Fuels and Chemicals Coalition Global Biobased Economy Conference and Exhibit

Read Full Article

Agreement Reached on Aviation Clean Energy

(Air Transport Action Group)  The aviation sector has adopted a collective goal to start the shift away from fossil fuels at the third Conference on Aviation and Alternative Fuels (CAAF/3), convened by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), a United Nations

Read Full Article

Tidewater Renewables Launches Commercial Operations

by Erin Voegele (Biomass Magazine) Tidewater Renewables on Nov. 9 confirmed that its 3,000-barrel-per-day (45.99 MMgy) renewable diesel complex located at its refinery in Prince George, British Columbia, produced its first renewable diesel on Oct. 22 and as of Nov.

Read Full Article

Petrobras Technology Enables Riograndense Refinery to Process 100% Renewable Feedstocks

(Petrobras) Test Unveils Pioneering Advancements in Biorefining on a Global Scale -- The Riograndense Petroleum Refinery (RPR) has accomplished a historic achievement by successfully processing 100% soybean oil in a Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) Unit at the Refinery. This milestone was made

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to HTL Technology Scale-up

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  HTL represents a processing technology that precludes the need to evaporate or dry the waste feed prior to conversion to fuel. In fact HTL requires that the feed be aqueous. HTL enables the conversion of the

Read Full Article

Low Carbon Fuels 2040: The Emerging Markets

(Biofuels Digest/Nuu Media) Low Carbon Fuels 2040: The Emerging Markets provides detailed case studies, updates and analysis of the key producers and developers participating in Renewable Diesel projects and Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) projects in the USA, Canada, Europe, Asia, and in South

Read Full Article

Advanced Biofuels Canada Announces Release of Navius Research’s ‘Biofuels in Canada 2023’ Report

(Advanced Biofuels Canada/EIN Presswire/CBS42)  New report assesses Clean Fuel Regulations impact, shows significant ramp up in adoption of low carbon fuels -- Advanced Biofuels Canada (ABFC) announced the release of the eighth annual Navius Research Biofuels in Canada (BIC) report, accompanied by detailed

Read Full Article

SATORP Completes MENA Region’s First Conversion of UCO into SAF

(Biofuels International)  SATORP completes MENA region’s first conversion of UCO into SAF  --  SATORP, a platform jointly owned by Aramco (62.5 %) and TotalEnergies (37.5 %), has for the first time in the region successfully converted used cooking oil through coprocessing into

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to Honeywell UOP

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Honeywell UOP creates new technologies that convert oil and natural gas into transportation fuels, energy and petrochemicals. UOP has a century-long record leading technology development for the oil and gas industry UOP technology makes more than

Read Full Article

Sustainable Aviation Fuels: Parts 1-4: What Is SAF? Why Use SAF? Economics of SAF. Politics of SAF.

by Gaulthier Blangez*  (Time to Fly and Advanced Biofuels USA)  Advanced Biofuels USA, in collaboration with Time to Fly, is proud to publish a guide to sustainable aviation fuels (SAF) for a general audience, for corporations working on ESG (environment, social and

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to Ensyn

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Ensyn’s current focus is on low-carbon fuels, including low-carbon heating and cooling solutions for institutional and industrial customers and low-carbon feedstock solutions for petroleum refineries for the production of renewable transportation fuels. Ensyn Chairman Robert Graham

Read Full Article

ADNOC First Company in the Middle East to Receive ISCC Certification to Produce Sustainable Aviation Fuel

(ADNOC) Milestone underscores ADNOC’s commitment to collaborating with its customers to accelerate their decarbonization journeys; Certification will enable ADNOC to supply SAF to the aviation industry, reinforcing its commitment to sustainability  --  ADNOC announced, today, its Ruwais Refinery has received International Sustainability Carbon

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to Thermochemical Platform Analysis

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  A recent DOE project aims to Improve Research Impacts by Providing Industrial Context, Maximize SAF and Heavy Fuels as Primary Products, Facilitate the Reuse of Existing Petroleum Refining Operations and mitigate scale-up risks feasible within lab/pilot

Read Full Article

OMV to Supply Air France-KLM with 2,000t Sustainable Aviation Fuel This Year

(OMV AG)  OMV and Air France-KLM committed to playing active role in reducing the aviation industry's carbon footprint; Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) enables Air France-KLM to purchase more than 300,000 metric tons of SAF from OMV by 2030; OMV the integrated energy, fuels

Read Full Article

Trafigura Selects IsoTherming® Technology for Grassroots Diesel Hydrotreater in Argentina

(Elessent Clean Technologies/Biobased Diesel Daily)  Elessent Clean Technologies announced in early September the signing of license and engineering contracts with Trafigura for the construction of a state-of-the-art IsoTherming® diesel hydrotreater at the Bahía Blanca Refinery in Argentina. The diesel hydrotreater is scaled

Read Full Article

Brazil's Lula Launches 'Fuel of the Future' Program to Reduce Emissions

by Jeff Fick (S&P Global) Seeks to boost ethanol-gasoline blend; Implements national program for SAF; Will require airlines to cut emissions -- The administration of President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva launched its "Fuel of the Future" program in the government's latest effort to

Read Full Article

ScanOcean and Neste Launch New Co-processed DMA MGO Bunker Fuel

by Meghan Sapp (Biofuels Digest) In Sweden, Ship & Bunker report ScanOcean and Neste have expanded their collaboration to include a new co-processed DMA MGO bunker fuel that reduces GHG emissions by 80% compared to purely fossil fuel DMA MGO. The fossil

Read Full Article

Two-Day Webinar Series: Biocarbon Incorporation into Transportation Fuels via Co-processing in Refineries --- September 20 and 27, 2023 --- ONLINE Presentations Available to Download and Listen

Co-processing of biogenic feedstocks within the existing petroleum infrastructure represents an opportunity to incorporate large volumes of bio-carbon into transportation fuels. However, upgrading intermediate liquids from biomass and waste to final products efficiently and economically, while minimizing impacts to existing

Read Full Article

Passing Static Test, Pertamina Continues Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) Development

(Pertamina)  Pertamina, as the national energy company, continues to develop environmentally friendly fuel innovations, one of which is the Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) development for commercial aircraft. Pertamina has successfully conducted static tests of SAF on CFM56-7B jet engines commonly used

Read Full Article

Construction Underway on Imperial’s Renewable Diesel Facility near Edmonton, Alberta

by Ron Kotrba (Biobased Diesel Daily)  In its second-quarter financials released July 28, Imperial, Canada’s largest petroleum refiner, said the renewable diesel project at its Strathcona refinery near Edmonton, Alberta, passed a significant milestone during the quarter. In May, key contractors were

Read Full Article

Malaysia Airlines Secures Large Scale SAF Supply at Kuala Lumpur Airport

(Aviation Week) The Malaysia Airlines Group (MAG) has reached an agreement to purchase sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) for use in its flights from Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA). Malaysian oil and gas giant Petronas Dagangan Berhad will supply the airline

Read Full Article

Canada’s First Stand-alone Renewable Diesel Refinery Completed Construction

by Christian Fernsby (Post Online Media) Canada’s first stand-alone renewable diesel refinery has completed construction and will soon begin production. -- The announcement was made on Friday, June 16, 2023, by Canada's province British Columbia and Tidewater Renewables. Using bio-feedstocks, such

Read Full Article

Neste Decides to Invest in Liquefied Waste Plastic Upgrading Unit at Its Porvoo Refinery

(Neste) Neste has made the final investment decision to commence construction of upgrading facilities for liquefied plastic waste at its Porvoo refinery in Finland. With the investment of 111 million euros, Neste will build the capacity to upgrade 150,000 tons of

Read Full Article

Secondary Legislation Clarifies Contribution of Biofuels to Renewables Target in Transport

(European Commission) New rules on how to calculate the contribution of biofuels and biogas in blended transport fuel to the EU renewable energy target in transport have been adopted by the Commission today. The delegated regulation, foreseen under Article 28(5) of the

Read Full Article

Neste Starts to Use Lower-Emission Marine Fuel in Two Vessels Transporting Renewable Diesel to Sweden

(Neste)  Over 90% of the world’s trade is carried by sea, making maritime transport essential to the global economy. The International Maritime Organization has set ambitious targets for the maritime sector to reduce its emissions to combat climate change. From May

Read Full Article

Dutch Shipowner Claims 68% Emissions Reduction during Ship’s Voyage Using Biofuel

by Fatima Bahtić (Offshore Energy) Dutch shipowner and operator Royal Wagenborg has revealed that one of its F-class vessels achieved a 68 per cent reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions while using biofuel during its first Transatlantic voyage. As disclosed, the

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to Legislation and Regulations about SAF, the Topsoe Perspective

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Case 1, Is Jet Fuel Produced From Soybean Oil? Case 2, Is E-Jet Produced From Fossil CO2 And Green H2 SAF? These are just a couple of the topics tucked into this panoramic survey of

Read Full Article

Taking to the Skies

(Biofuels International) ... bp believes that producing SAF through co-processing at existing refineries will help the aviation sector as it transitions to a low-carbon industry and builds dedicated and more efficient standalone units for SAF production. Today, existing refineries can be

Read Full Article

Petrobras to Conduct New Studies to Expand Production of Biodiesel

by Bella Weetch (Hydrocarbon Engineering)Petrobras has clarified that as part of its BioRefining programme it is conducting new project studies to expand the production of Diesel R, Petrobras' fuel produced by co-processing mineral diesel with vegetable oil, which contains a

Read Full Article

Habemus Feedstock?
 The Conclave Gathers: The Pursuit of Circular Feedstocks for 
Renewable Chemicals and Materials

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) ... Yes, you can feed CO2, water and sunlight to the Terebinth and it will produce a precursor to clear plastic bottles. The two other precursors can be made from plant sugars (ethylene glycol) and

Read Full Article

Taking to the Skies

(Biofuels International)  ... bp believes that producing SAF through co-processing at existing refineries will help the aviation sector as it transitions to a low-carbon industry and builds dedicated and more efficient standalone units for SAF production. Today, existing refineries can be

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to Greenfields vs Retrofits

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Last week on the REenergize online series, we looked at the question of when to go greenfield, when to look for a retrofit or a co-location. We identified 18 key decision points, and in this

Read Full Article

Enviva Announces Feedstock Agreement with SAF Producer

by Erin Voegele (SAF Magazine) U.S.-based wood pellet producer Enviva Inc. announced on March 1 it has signed a new take-or-pay off-take contract with an unnamed U.S.-based bioenergy facility to provide feedstock for the production of biofuels, including sustainable aviation fuel

Read Full Article

Air bp Makes First Sale of SAF from Its Spanish Refinery

(Biofuels International) Air bp has announced the first sale of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) from its Castellon refinery in Spain. The flight was carried out by LATAM Cargo Chile from Zaragoza, Spain to North America. “This latest announcement marks another important

Read Full Article

Transition Champ: How Biofuels Are Helping Set the Transport Sector on the Path to Net Zero

(bp) bp is deepening its investment in bioenergy, including biofuels. Our SVP of biofuels growth, Nigel Dunn, explains their importance in the transition to net zero, the progress we’re making in this space, and why bp is perfectly positioned to

Read Full Article

Axens Announces the Launch of the Jetanol™ Brand for its Alcohol-to-Jet Technology, with a Project Pipeline Already Approaching 3 Million Tons (1 billion Gallons) Per Year of Sustainable

(Axens) Committed to offer mature and reliable Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) technologies, Axens is pleased to announce the launch of the Jetanol™ brand for its Alcohol-to-Jet technology. Evidenced by its competitive selection this solution is being deployed for five industrial-scale

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to Kern Energy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Kern Energy is the only refiner between the Bay Area and Los Angeles producing clean gasoline and renewable diesel, Kern Energy was just the second refinery in the U.S. to produce renewable diesel by co-processing

Read Full Article

Clean Fuels Files Comments on New SAF, Biodiesel and Renewable Diesel Tax Incentives

(Clean Fuels Alliance America) Clean Fuels urges Treasury to use up-to-date, science-based model for carbon scoring  --  On Friday (December 2, 2022), Clean Fuels Alliance America submitted a written response to the U.S. Treasury’s request for comments (Notice 2022-58) on Credits for

Read Full Article

EPA Approves RFS Fuel Pathway for Chevron Refinery

by Erin Voegele (Biomass Magazine) The U.S. EPA has approved a fuel pathway that allows Chevron U.S.A. Inc. to generate D6 renewable fuel renewable identification numbers (RINs) under the Renewable Fuel Standard for several biofuels produced from soybean oil via coprocessing

Read Full Article

BP Completes Renewable Diesel Coprocessing Expansion Project in Washington

by Ron Kotrba (Biobased Diesel Daily) BP has completed the expansion of its renewable diesel coprocessing capacity at the company’s Cherry Point refinery in Washington state. The refinery has doubled its renewable diesel capacity and is now able to coprocess nearly 110

Read Full Article

Brazil's Bolsonaro Vetoes Biodiesel Decision

by Roberto Samora, Rafaella Barros and Carolina Pulice (Noticias/Reuters) Brazil's President Jair Bolsonaro on Friday vetoed a National Energy Policy Council (CNPE) decision that would allow biodiesel produced by "any technological means of production" to be included in biodiesel. mixed with diesel fuel. Last week's

Read Full Article

Circular Economy : Air Liquide and TotalEnergies Innovate to Produce Renewable and Low-Carbon Hydrogen at the Grandpuits Zero Crude Platform

(Air Liquide) Air Liquide and TotalEnergies are innovating, in the context of the conversion to a biorefinery of the TotalEnergies’ Grandpuits site, to produce and valorize renewable and low-carbon hydrogen. Under a long-term contract, committing TotalEnergies to purchase the hydrogen produced

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide ABLC Guide to BTG Bioliquids

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) BTG Bioliquids technology enables customers to turn biomass residues into a renewable fuel: fast pyrolysis bio-oil (FPBO). FPBO can be used to replace crude oil, so that more fossil resources can stay untouched.Managing Director Gerard

Read Full Article

ABFC Releases Annual ‘Biofuels in Canada’ 2022 Report: Biofuels Continue to Lead Emissions Reductions in Transportation

(Advanced Biofuels Canada/Biocarburants avancés Canada) New report assesses Clean Fuel Regulations impact, fuel and carbon tax penalties on biofuels, and abatement costs  --  Advanced Biofuels Canada (ABFC) announced the release of the sixth Biofuels in Canada (BIC) report, accompanied by detailed and

Read Full Article

CastleRock Green Energy Announces New Low-Carbon Fuel Manufacturing Facilities in Shelton, WA Made Possible by Democrats' Inflation Reduction Act Tax Credits

(Castle Rock Green Energy/PR Newswire) The $400 million investment will create 380 full time jobs and 250 construction jobs, helping sustain critical regional forest products jobs; The investment is possible because of Democrats' commitment to building a clean energy economy

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide ABLC Guide to Alder Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) In this connected presentation set, Alder Fuels CEO Bryan Sherbacow, and in a later and related presentation, VP Nancy Young, took the ABLC Next 2022 stage in San Francisco to outline the company’s milestones, technology,

Read Full Article

Topsoe Chosen to Support Federated Co-operatives Limited in Establishing Renewable Diesel Production in Saskatchewan, Canada

by Ulrik Frøhlke (Topsoe) Topsoe, a global leader in carbon emission reduction technologies, has been selected by Federated Co-operatives Limited (FCL) to officially support the production of renewable diesel in Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada. FCL has chosen Topsoe’s HydroFlexTM process to produce low-carbon renewable diesel. Henrik

Read Full Article

Topsoe to Support First Sustainable Aviation Fuel Production in Brazil

by Ulrik Frøhlke (Topsoe) - Brasil BioFuels will build a new biorefinery to produce sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) and second generation biofuel. -Topsoe has been selected to support the production delivering its Hydroflex™ and H2bridge™ technologies. -The new biorefinery will

Read Full Article

Biofuel Conference Allows USGC to Highlight Ethanol’s Role

(U.S. Grains Council/Ethanol Producer Magazine) In September, Isabelle Ausdal, U.S. Grains Council manager of global ethanol policy and economics, traveled to Sweden to attend the International Energy Agency Bioenergy Task 39 “Biofuels to Decarbonize Transport” fourth business meeting and Advanced Biofuels

Read Full Article

Guidance on Qualifying an Analytical Method for Determining the Cellulosic Converted Fraction of Corn Kernel Fiber Co-Processed with Starch

(Environmental Protection Agency)  This document provides updated guidance on qualifying an analytical method for determining the cellulosic converted fraction of corn kernel fiber co-processed with starch in order to demonstrate compliance with the regulatory requirements in 40 CFR 80.1450(b)(1)(xiii)(B)(3). 1 Public confidence in

Read Full Article

ISCC and Circularise Pilot Blockchain Technology with 10 Companies Including Neste, to Complement Mass Balance Certification

(Neste)  Today, Circularise announced a pioneering joint project with the certification scheme ISCC, material suppliers Neste, Asahi Kasei, Borealis, Trinseo and Shell, original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), brands Arcelik, Philips Domestic Appliances and EVBox, as well as trading companies Marubeni and Itochu,

Read Full Article

Neste Launches a Strategic Study on Transitioning Its Porvoo Refinery to a Renewable and Circular Site and Ending Crude Oil Refining in the Mid-2030s

(Neste) Building on its capability of proactive transformation, Neste launches a strategic study on transitioning its refinery in Porvoo, Finland to non-crude oil refining and into a globally leading renewable and circular solutions site. Through co-processing and retrofitting of units, and benefiting

Read Full Article

OMV and Lufthansa Group Further Strengthen Partnership with Sustainable Aviation Fuel

(OMV Group)  • Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to supply a total of more than 800,000 tons Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) between 2023 and 2030 Cooperation to include new locations and new SAF production technologies  OMV already supplying SAF to Austrian

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to Catalytic Upgrading of Pyrolysis Vapors

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Catalytic fast pyrolysis is a versatile technology pathway for the direct liquefaction of biomass and waste carbon sources. In this slide deck from NREL’s Mike Griffin, we explore the Potential for high carbon yields to

Read Full Article

Quick Summary of Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) Provisions in Inflation Reduction Act

by Joanne Ivancic* (Advanced Biofuels USA)  In the recently signed Inflation Reduction Act, you can find a number of items that involve sustainable aviation fuels (SFA), particularly the tax credit and transition to a carbon credit.  Thanks to notes about

Read Full Article

Three-Part Co-Processing Series to Lower Carbon Footprint of Transportation Fuels

(U.S. Department of Energy) Upgrading bio-oils with petroleum feedstocks at existing refineries—known as “co-processing”—could offer a fast pathway for lowering the carbon footprint of today’s transportation fuels. In this three-part blog series, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Read Full Article

What Happened at the 2022 CAAFI Bienennial General Meeting?

(Commercial Aviation Alternative Fuels Initiative )  There’s more attention on SAF now than ever before. There’s also a lot going on in the SAF space from near-term commercialization, policy pushes, feedstock development, pathway approvals, airline, airport and business aviation engagement,

Read Full Article

Petrobras and Bunge Enter into a Contract for the Supply of Raw Material Used in the Production of Diesel R5

(Petrobras (Google Translation)) Commercial tests with the biofuel are an important step towards the development of products and businesses with lower carbon intensity and greater sustainability in the Brazilian energy matrix Petrobras and Bunge, respectively, the largest national producers of petroleum derivatives

Read Full Article

OMV Petrom to Start Coprocessing Sustainable Aviation Fuel in Romania

(OMV Petrom/Biobased Diesel Daily)  OMV Petrom, the largest integrated energy company in Southeastern Europe, will produce sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) at the Petrobrazi refinery by coprocessing locally produced rapeseed oil. The first test-run volumes are estimated for next month. The

Read Full Article

Powering Progress Towards Net-Zero Emissions: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to Shell Aviation

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Shell’s focus on low carbon fuels for aviation is apparent and progress is being made towards more sustainable skies as Shell reaches key milestones and has plans for even bigger ones by 2030. Find out

Read Full Article

Hot Hydrofaction: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to Steeper Energy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Steeper Energy’s President, Perry Toms, shared this illuminating slide guide at ABLC on how hydrofaction – a proven thermochemical is advancing biofuels commercial acceptance. From milestones to commercialization partners, get all the details on how

Read Full Article

Crossbridge Energy A/S and Everfuel Finalize Phase 2a Green Hydrogen Agreement

(Crossbridge Energy) Crossbridge Energy A/S (“Crossbridge”) announces that it has reached a final agreement with Everfuel for the offtake of green hydrogen from Everfuel’s anticipated 300MW electrolyser plant. The next phase of the project will be completed in three equal phases

Read Full Article

ESL Shipping Becomes the First Shipping Company in the World to Utilize Neste’s Co-processed Marine Fuel for GHG Emissions Reduction

(Neste) Finnish shipping company ESL Shipping will become the world's first shipping company to start utilizing new low-emission Neste Marine™ 0.1 Co-processed marine fuel in its vessels in Finland and Sweden. The ISCC PLUS certified* marine fuel enables up to 80%** reduced greenhouse

Read Full Article

Petrobras and Raízen Sign Agreement for Biomethane Production Feasibility

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest)  In Brazil, Petrobras and Raízen signed an agreement to jointly evaluate potential businesses involving the production, purchase and sale of biomethane, a 100% renewable fuel produced by Raízen from sugarcane waste (vinasse and filter cake), generated

Read Full Article

Apex, Nevada Site Acquired for Largest Western US Renewable Diesel Refinery

(Vegas Renewable Diesel/PR Newswire) Vegas Renewable Diesel Inc. (VRD) announces acquisition of a prime site near Las Vegas for the largest renewable diesel refinery to be built in the Western United States. Permitting is presently under way. Capacity is targeted at 100 million gallons

Read Full Article

Flying the Low-Carbon Skies on Sustainable Aviation Fuel

by Craig Bettenhausen (Chemical & Engineering News)  Airlines are eager to switch to renewable, low-carbon fuel—as soon as there’s enough to go around  --  On June 6, Malaysia Airlines flew its first passenger flight using jet fuel made in part

Read Full Article

Sustainable Aviation Fuels: Part 1: What is SAF?

by Gaulthier Blangez*  (Time to Fly and Advanced Biofuels USA)  Advanced Biofuels USA, in collaboration with Time to Fly, is proud to publish a guide to sustainable aviation fuels (SAF) for a general audience, for corporations working on ESG (environment,

Read Full Article

SAF Production Expands for a Low-Carbon Future

by Scott Jenkins (Chemical Engineering Magazine)  ... The current environmental and geopolitical situation is prompting petroleum refiners across the globe to evaluate their assets and explore how to adapt to a carbon-constrained future, and one in which the negative climate effects

Read Full Article

Sustainable Aviation Fuel Prepares for Takeoff

(Chevron) Chevron believes that the future of energy is lower carbon and that Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) is part of that future.   ...  Let’s look at a few myths about SAF, followed by the facts. ... Air travel is currently the fastest

Read Full Article

New SAF Pathways, Feedstocks Needed, Air BP Says

by Angus Batey (Aviation Week)  ... So at the first post-COVID EBACE, conversations around sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) are moving from explanation and education to adoption and promotion. The change will be felt across the sector, and that includes fuel providers

Read Full Article

Neste Introduces Co-processed Marine Fuel in Partnership with Nordic Marine Oil – a New Solution for the Maritime Sector Enabling up to 80% GHG Emission Reduction

(Neste) Together with its partner Nordic Marine Oil, Neste is piloting a new Neste Marine™ 0.1 Co-processed marine fuel in Scandinavia – a solution helping the maritime sector to reduce the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The ISCC PLUS certified* marine fuel enables up

Read Full Article

Parkland Announces Plans to Expand Co-processing Activities and Build British Columbia’s Largest Renewable Diesel Complex

(Parkland) The environmental effect of the renewable fuels produced will equate to the permanent removal of approximately 700,000 or 25 per cent of the passenger vehicles on British Columbia’s roads  --  Parkland Corporation ("Parkland", "we", the "Company", or "our") (TSX: PKI)

Read Full Article

OMV and AEG Fuels Bring SAF to Market at Vienna Airport

(Biofuels International)  OMV and Associated Energy Group are working together to distribute regional sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) produced by OMV in Austria. The two companies have agreed to market an on-demand quantity of SAF in 2022, allowing end users, mainly from

Read Full Article

The “Green Crude” SAF Alternative: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to Alder Fuels

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) Alder Fuels’ Chief Technology Officer, Derek Vardon, shared this illuminating slide guide at ABLC highlighting how they are seeing a future of gathering energy instead of drilling for it and how the solution for

Read Full Article

Hungary's Mol to Produce Green H2 at Danube Refinery

(Renewables Now) Hungarian oil-and-gas group Mol Plc (BPSE:MOL) has teamed up with US hydrogen solutions specialist Plug Power Inc (NASDAQ:PLUG) to build a EUR-22-million (USD 23.2m) green hydrogen production facility at its Danube refinery in Szazhalombatta, Hungary. In a joint statement today,

Read Full Article

Co-Processing Cooperation: National Labs Working Together to Create Clean Energy Fuels

(U.S. Department of Energy)  Since 2018, a multi-laboratory consortium, funded by the U.S. Department of Energy Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) and guided by an industrial advisory board, has focused on adding co-processing of bio-oils into existing refinery units with petroleum feedstocks to produce

Read Full Article

Pilot Program Works to Turn Algae from Florida Waterways into Fuel

by George Waldenberger and Sarah Wilson (WFTV.com) From fish kills to ongoing high manatee mortality, algae is a major problem for Florida waterways. A pilot program to fight the issue at Lake Jesup is in its second phase, turning algae into biofuel. A

Read Full Article

Advanced Biofuels from Pyrolysis: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to BTG Bioliquids

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  BTG Bioliquids develops fast pyrolysis technology and FPBO applications as well as the commercialization of such technology and production of fast pyrolysis bio-oil. The BTG team gave this illuminating overview of their fast pyrolysis technology and commercial

Read Full Article

EPA Proposes to Approve Canola Oil Fuel Pathways under RFS

by Erin Voegele (Biomass Magazine) The U.S. EPA on April 12 published a proposed rule approve Renewable Fuel Standard pathways for renewable diesel, jet fuel, heating oil, naphtha, and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) produced from canola/rapeseed oil via a hydrotreating process. EPA’s

Read Full Article

GTI’s Terry Marker to Be Honored with Prestigious Don Klass Award at Upcoming tcbiomass2022

(GTI) GTI Senior Institute Engineer and Bioenergy Initiatives Manager, Terry Marker, will be presented with the prestigious 2022 Don Klass Award for Excellence in Thermochemical Conversion Science on April 20th at tcbiomass2022, being held in Denver, Colorado and co-hosted by the

Read Full Article

British Airways Takes First Delivery of Commercial-Scale SAF Produced by Phillips 66

by Christopher Surgenor (GreenAir Online)  British Airways has taken delivery from oil major Phillips 66 of an initial batch of the UK’s first commercial-scale production of sustainable aviation fuel. The fuel is being produced through co-processing at the Phillips 66

Read Full Article

Oil Majors Look to Co-processing as a Rapid Route to Producing Sustainable Aviation Fuels at Scale

by Susan van Dyk (GreenAir Online)  The demand for SAF is high but supply remains limited as facilities are still under construction, and production in many cases is years away. But since last year, several oil companies have started producing

Read Full Article

Two ITA Airways Routes to Be Powered by SAF at Rome Fiumicino Airport

(Eni)  Rome Fiumicino Airport is increasing the availability of SAF (Sustainable Aviation Fuel), an aviation biofuel made from renewable raw materials capable of supporting the reduction of CO2 emissions in the aviation sector. The Leonardo da Vinci airport has become the first Italian

Read Full Article

Hot Hydrofaction: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to Steeper Energy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Converting low-value biomass to bio-crude oil upgradable to advanced biofuels and chemicals at existing refineries via hydrofaction is hot. Find out how Steeper Energy is using hydrofaction for advanced biofuels in cost-effective ways and at

Read Full Article

Climate Friendly Jet Fuel: 3 Strategies for Accelerating Its Production

(U.S. Department of Energy) Supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Bioenergy Technologies Office, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory is striving to bring more low- and zero-net-carbon sustainable aviation fuel to the market. The equivalent of 30,000 Olympic-sized swimming pools—that’s how

Read Full Article

Big on Biofuels: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to Shell and Southwest Airlines

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Two very different companies but we’ve combined 2 short and sweet slide guides from Shell and Southwest Airlines as a double feature this Friday. An image is worth a thousand words and 2 slides highlighting

Read Full Article

Megatrends in Sustainability Under the Microscope: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to Nexant

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Find out what Steven Slome from Nexant thinks is hot in biofuels, biochemicals and sustainability in this illuminating slide guide from ABLC 2021. From a shift in green priorities, to areas of key growth in

Read Full Article

EPA Gets It Right for American Advanced Biofuels Public Comment DEADLINE: February 4, 2022

by Douglas L. Faulkner and Michael McAdams (Leatherstocking LLC /“The Cleantech Conservative” and Advanced BioFuels Association/Biofuels Digest) ... The Agency has now moved to approve bio-intermediates, so that manufacturers could earn compliance credits for upgrading feedstocks such as woods and municipal

Read Full Article

Progress in Commercialization of Biojet /Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF): Technologies, Potential and Challenges

by Susan van Dyk and Jack Saddler (IEA Bioenergy Task 39) Biojet/ Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) must play a major role if the aviation sector is to significantly reduce its carbon footprint. To meet its carbon reduction targets, large volumes

Read Full Article

Challenges in Determining the Renewable Content of the Final Fuels after Co-processing Biogenic Feedstocks in the Fluid Catalytic Cracker (FCC) of a Commercial Oil Refinery

by Jianping Su, Liang Cao, Gary Lee, Jonathan Tyler, Anna Ringsred, Michael Rensing, Susan van Dyk,  Don O'Connor Robert Pinchu, Jack (John)Saddler (Fuel)  • FCC co-processing has been commercialised using oleochemical feedstocks. • A new method based on step change mass balance

Read Full Article

Petrobras and Vibra Test Diesel with Renewable Content on Bus Lines in Curitiba

(Petrobras) Petrobras and Vibra will begin, in January, tests with the new Diesel R5 (with 5% renewable content), produced at the Getúlio Vargas Refinery (Repar). Three bus lines operated by Auto Viação Redentor, in Curitiba, Paraná, will run on the new fuel

Read Full Article
More than 50,000 articles in our online library!

Use the categories and tags listed below to access the nearly 50,000 articles indexed on this website.

Our Sponsors
FREE Subscription! Advanced Biofuels USA events calendar; policy and actions; education newsletters
Donate
ARCHIVES
CATEGORIES
tags
Advanced Clean Fleets Rule 100 octane 100% SAF (Sustainable Aviation Fuel) 103 octane 105 octane 108 octane 109 octane 110 octane 113 octane 119 octane 2016 US House and Senate Campaigns 2016 US Presidential Campaign 2018 US Senate and House Campaigns Other Election Activities 2020 Election 2022 Election 2022 US Senate and House Campaign 2024 Election 2nd generation biofuels 3-D 3D printing 3rd generation biofuels 4-H 40A Biodiesel and Renewable Diesel Tax Incentive 40B Sustainable Aviation Fuel Tax Credit 45Q Carbon Oxide Sequestration Tax Credit 45V Hydrogen Production Tax Credit 45X Advanced Manufacturing Production Tax Credit 45Z Clean Fuel Production Tax Credit 48C Advanced Energy Project Tax Credit 4th generation fuels 7% solution 81 Octane 84 octane 85 octane 87 octane 88 octane 89 octane 90 octane 91 octane 92 octane 93 octane 94 octane 95 octane 96 octane 98 octane A20 (20% methanol/bioethanol) abatement abu Abu Dhabi acacia acetate acetic acid acetone acid acid hydrolysis adaptive evolution additional carbon additionality adequate/inadequate domestic supply Administrative Procedure Act adsorption Advanced Biofuel Payment Program advanced biofuel prices Advanced biofuels advanced biofuels production Advanced Clean Cars II Rule (ACC and ACCII) Advanced Clean Trucks Rule advanced ethanol advanced ethanol tax credit advertising campaign aerobic digestion aerosols Affordable Clean Energy Program (ACE) afforestation Afghanistan Africa AGARDA (Agriculture Advanced Research and Development Authority) agave aggregation Agricultural Conservation Easement Program (ACEP) agricultural economics Agricultural Policy Agricultural waste/residue Agriculture agrivoltaic/agrovoltaic agroforestry agrofuels agronomy Air Force air pollution control Air Pollution Policy air quality Aircraft engine emissions airports Alabama Alaska Albania albedo Alberta albizia alcohol fuel cells alcohol fuels alcohol-to-diesel alcohol-to-jet (ATJ)/ethanol-to-jet (ETJ) alfalfa algae algae contamination algae cultivation algae extraction algae harvesting algae parity algae separation algal biofuels Algeria Algiers alkaline exchange membrane (AEM) alkanes alkenes alkylate alligator fat almond almond hulls shells alternative energy vehicles alternative fuels Alternative Fuels Credit alternative fuels excise tax credit Alternative Fuels Tax Credit (AFTC) aluminum Amazon American Le Mans Series (ALMS) ammonia ammonia fiber explosion (AFEX) ammonia fuel cell ammonia price ammonia terminal amylose anaerobic digestate anaerobic digester/digestion and Energy Use in Transportation Model Angola anhydrous ethanol animal bedding animal fat animal feed animal waste Antactica Antarctica antibiotics antitrust apple Appropriations APR (Aqueous Phase Reforming) aquaculture aquatic organisms Arabidopsis arabinose ARCA Archaea Architecture Arctic Argentian Argentiina Argentina Arizona Arkansas Armenia Army Corps of Engineers aromatics aromatics price ARPA-C ARPA-E ARPA-Terra arrandi artificial intelligence Aruba Asia Asia Pacific asphalt/bitumen ASTM ASTM 6866 ASTM D1655 ASTM D2880 ASTM D396 ASTM D4054 ASTM D4806 Denatured fuel ethanol ASTM D4814 ASTM D5798 ASTM D6751 ASTM D7467 (B6-B20) ASTM D7544 ASTM D7566 (Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuel Containing Synthesized Hydrocarbons) ASTM D7862 ASTM D7875 ASTM D7901 (DME-Dimethyl Ether for Fuel Purposes) ASTM D8076 ASTM D8181 ASTM D975 ASTM E3050 Denatured Ethanol for Cooking ASTM E3146 ASTM standards ASTM WK55232 (D02) ASTM WK63392 ATJ-SPK (Alcohol to Jet Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene) Atlantic Canada atmosphere Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) Australia Australian pine Austria Auto manufacturer automotive aviation aviation fuel (SAF) benefits aviation fuel (SAF) mandates aviation fuel (SAF) price aviation fuel (SAF) production aviation fuel (SAF) pumps/delivery aviation fuel (SAF) tax credit aviation fuel (SAF) terminal Aviation Fuel/Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) Aviation Gasoline/AvGas avocado award awards/recognition Azerbaijan. b B0 B10 B100 B100 pumps B11 B12 B12.5 B13 B14 B15 B16 B17 B19 B2 B20 B24 B25 B3 B30 B30RD10 B33 B35 B4 B40 B49 B5 B50 B50RD50 B6 B60 B7 B70 B75 B8 B80 B98 B99 Babados nut tree babassu bacteria bagasse Bahamas Bahrain bamboo banana banana stems Bangladesh bankruptcy Barbados barge barley barley fiber barley protein barley straw Basque batteries Battery Electric Vehicles (BEV) bauxite beauty leaf tree beaver beer bees Belarus Belgium Belize Benin benzene Bermuda Bhutan big bluestem big data Big Food Big Oil/Oil Majors BIGoil billion ton study bio Bio LPG (Bio Liquid Petroleum Gas) bio-based diesel benefits bio-based economy Bio-CNG pumps Bio-CNG/RNG terminal bio-LNG (Liquified Natural Gas) Bio-LNG Pumps (Liquified Natural Gas) Bio-LNG terminal bio-natural gas bio-NGV (natural gas for vehicles) bio-oil/pyrolysis oil bio-SPK (bio derived synthetic paraffinic kerosene) biobased Biobased Market Access and Development Grants Biobased Markets Program biobased materials Biobased Product Manufacturing Assistance Program biochar biochemical conversion BioChemicals/Renewable Chemicals biociiesel bioconversion Biocrude/Green Crude/SynCrude biodegradable biodiesel biodiesel blend wall biodiesel EN 14214 Biodiesel Fuel Education Program biodiesel pipeline biodiesel prices biodiesel production biodiesel pumps biodiesel quality biodiesel standards biodiesel tax credit biodiesel technologies biodiesel terminal biodiversity bioeconomy bioelectricity bioelectrochemical conversion bioenergy Bioenergy Program for Advanced Biofuels Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS) biofoundry Biofuel biofuel cells biofuel consumption Biofuel Crops biofuel distribution Biofuel Infrastructure Partnership (BIP) biofuel producer tax credit biofuel production biofuel tax credit biofuel terminal Biofuels Directive biofuels education Biogas Biogas pipeline Biogasoline/Renewable Gasoline Biogasoline/Renewable Gasoline pumps biogenic carbon biogenic emissions Bioheat biohydrocarbons biohydrogen BioIsoprene BioMADE biomanufacturing biomass Biomass Carbon Removal and Storage (BiCRS) Biomass Crop Assistance Program (BCAP) biomass hydrolysis biomass recalcitrance Biomass Research and Development initiative (BRDI) biomass sorghum Biomass to Liquid (BTL) biomass transportation biomaterials bioplastics biopower Biopreferred bioproducts biopropene bioprospecting BioRefineries/Renewable Fuel Production Biorefinery Assistance Program (BAP) old 9003 Biorefinery Renewable Chemical Biobased Product Mfgr Assistance 9003 Program BioRenewable-1 (BR-1) BioSNG Biotechnology birch bitter orange black carbon black grease black liquor black locust black soldier fly Blend wall blender blender pumps Blenders Credit blending blendstock blockchain blue carbon boat fuel boiler/furnace fuel Bolivia bolt-on Bonaire bonds book-and-claim border tax Borneo Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana BQ-9000 Brachiaria bracken brackish water brash Brassica Brazil breweries brine British Columbia broker brown grease brownfields Brunei Btu's BTX (Benzene Toluene Xylene) Bu12.5 Bu16 Budget building block chemicals Bulgaria bunker bunker oil Bureau of Land Management (BLM) Burkina Faso Burma Burundi buses Business and Industry Program (B&I) business law business resources Business/General Aviation butadiene butandeiol (bio-BDO) Butane butanediol butanol emissions butanol/biobutanol butyl acetate butylene butyric acid by c C1 C2 C21 C3 sugar C5 sugar C6 sugar Cabo Verde cactus cactus pear cagaita calibration California California Air Resources Board (CARB) Calophyllum hawthorn Cambodia Camelina camels Cameroon Canad Canada Canary Islands canary reed grass canarygrass candle nut cannabis canola straw Canola/Rapeseed cap-and-invest cap-and-trade capybara capybras carbohydrates carbon carbon capture and storage (CCS) carbon capture and utilization (CCU) carbon cost carbon credit carbon credit markets carbon cycle carbon debt Carbon Dioxide (CO2) carbon efficiency carbon emissions carbon fiber carbon insets Carbon Intensity (CI)/Carbon Footprint carbon life cycle carbon markets Carbon Monoxide (CO) carbon negative carbon neutrality carbon offsets carbon pipeline carbon price carbon recycling carbon removal carbon sink carbon standard carbon tax Carbon tax border adjustments carbon tax-and-dividend carbon terminal carbon user fee Carbon Utilization and Biogas Education Program carbon-14 testing carbon-efficient fuels carbon/CO2 sequestration carcinogens cardoon Caribbean carinata carinata/brassica carinata carob CAS Registry cashew cashew apple Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) CASI Cassava cassava price cassava pulp cassava stalk castor bean castor stalk catalysis catalysts catalytic decarboxylation catalytic hydrothermal conversion catalytic hydrothermal conversion-to-jet (CHCJ) catalytic hydrothermal gasification catalytic hydrothermolysis jet CHJ pathway cattails cattle cavitation CBD (cannabidiol) CBG (compressed biogas) cell culturing cellulase enzymes cellulose cellulosic biofuel Cellulosic biomass cellulosic diesel Cellulosic ethanol cellulosic ethanol price cellulosic feedstock cellulosic production tax credit cellulosic sugars Cellulosic Tax Credit cellulosic waiver credit cement Central African Republic Central America Certificate Program Certificates of Origin (COs) certification certification fuels cesium cetane Chad change in soil condition charging stations CHCJ-5 chemical-looping hydrogen method Chesapeake Bay chicken feathers chickens Chile Chili China chitin chp chromium chufa/cyperus esculents/nutsedge CIA circular economy citrus citrus greening disease Citrus Peel clean air Clean Air Act (CAA) clean diesel Clean Fuel Standard/Policy (CFS) Clean Heat Standards Clean Power Plan (CPP) Clean Trucks Plan Clean Water Act climate change Climate Change Adaptation climate change effects climate change mitigation climate legislation climate smart/conservation agriculture closed-loop system Clostridium thermocellum cloud point clover cmelina CNG Conversion kit co co-generation co-location Co-op Extension co-operative co-processing co-products CO2 Electrolysis CO2 neutral fuels CO2Removal Certificates (CORCs) coal Coal and Biomass to Liquid (CBTL) Coast Guard coastal habitat conservation coastal hay cobalt cock's foot coco coco methyl ester (CME) cocoa Coconut coffee coffee cherries coffee grounds coffee pulp cold flow cold-tolerance college/university Colombia Colorado combined heat and power (CHP) Comment Request commercial flights commercialization commissioning commo Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) commodity trading common reed Community activity community college Community involvement/engagement community scale Community Wood Energy Program competition compliance compliance credits compost Compressed Natural Gas (CNG/R-CNG/bioCNG) compression ratios compression-ignition engine computer simulation concrete condensate Congo Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Connecticut Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP) construction and demolition waste/debris consumer education contamination contest contrails conversion technology Cook Islands cook stoves cooking fuel cooperatives COP21 COP22 COP23 COP24 COP25 COP26 COP27 COP28 COP29 COP30 copper coppice cordgrass corn bran Corn cobs corn ethanol corn fiber corn growers corn harvest corn kernel corn meal corn oil corn oil/distillers corn oil (DCO) corn prices corn stalks corn stover corn supply corn surplus corn syrup corn-based products corn/maize Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards corporate social responsibility corrosion corruption CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) cosmetics Costa Rica cotton cotton seed hulls cotton seed oil cotton stalk cottonwood Council on Environmental Quality county cover crops cow rumen cracking Crambe crassulacean acid metabolism plants (CAM) crimes criteria pollutants Croatia crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude oil Cuba cup plant cuphea currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cusi cutworm caterpillars cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) cylindro Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs d-5 D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D20 (20%DME) D5 (5%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA date kernel oil date palm date palm pits date palm waste Dates DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act deficit definitions deforestation defossilization Dehydration Delaware DeltaWing demonstration demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify density Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security Department of Justice Department of Labor Department of the Interior Department of Transportation (DOT) depolymerization depots dextrose dfdsffsfdfsf diatoms diesel Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) diesel fuel blendstock diesel prices Diesel R5 diesel with renewables diesel-range hydrocarbons diesel-to-biodiesel conversion diethyl ether digital Digital Biology diisobutylene (DIB) dilute acid hydrolysis pretreatment DIN 51605 DIN EN 15376 (Ethanol blending component) direct air capture direct injection direct ocean capture Direct Sugar to Hydrocarbon Conversion (DSHC) direct-to-fuel directed evolution dispense distillates distillation distilled biodiesel distilled palm methyl ester (DPME) distilleries distributed/centralized distribution distribution capacity distribution waiver diversification divestment DME/rDME (dimethyl ether)/renewable DME DMF (2.5-dimethylfuran) Dominican Republic double cropping drawdown Drones/Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) drop-in biofuels/hydrocarbons drought drought tolerant drought-resistant dry ice dual cropping Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E100 E100 conversion kit E11 E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E2 E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E3 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E70 diesel E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency egg shell Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric Vehicle (EV) Prices electric grid electricity electricity price electricity/power generation electricity/power transmission electrocatalysis electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels (e-fuels) electrofuels (e-fuels) prices electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) electrons Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants embargo eminent domain emissions emissions standards EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 EN 228 EN 590 EN228 (standard pump gasoline) end user end-of-life Endangered Species Act (ESA) Energy Bill energy cane energy consumption energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy prices energy reserves Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine Development engine problems Engine/Fuel Co-optimization engineering England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment environmental impact study (EIS) environmental justice/socially inclusive environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Environmentalists Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic depolymerization enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling Enzyme solicitation enzymes EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) Equatorial Guinea equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) etha ethane ethanol ethanol benefits ethanol blend wall ethanol blended diesel ED ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol emissions ethanol ether diesel fuel ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol to gas ethanol tolerance ethanol-fueled aircraft Ethanol-to-Gasoline (ETG) ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/diesel ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethyl levulinate (EL) ethylbenzene ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order executive order--state Extended Range Electric Vehicle (EREV) externalities extremophiles f F Factor F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farmers farming farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation Feedstocks fermentation ferry fertilizer fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) Fischer-Tropsch/FT fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources Forest Service forestry forklifts Formate formic acid fossil carbon fossil fuel Frace fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud free fatty acids (FFA) Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon gallium Gambia games gas prices gas tax/highway user fee gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gasoline-range hydrocarbons Gemany General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Gerrmany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) Intensity giant cane giant kelp Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect Global South global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grain sorghum/milo grain speculators grains GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery green/black economy Greenland GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Guinea Bissau Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP gypsum h Haiti Halophytes harvest site processing harvesting Hawai'i hay hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ HDO-SAK (hydro deoxygenated synthetic aromatic kerosene) health health benefits health effects heat of combustion heat of vaporization heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) high octane low carbon (HOLC) fuel High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 HVO20 HVO30 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrid ships hybrids hydrocarbon fuels Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydroformylation hydrogen aircraft hydrogen carrier hydrogen combustion engines hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen leaks hydrogen pipeline hydrogen pumps/fueling stations hydrogen tax credit hydrogen terminal Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Price hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogenolysis hydropower Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal gasification hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois Illiois illuppai ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indian beech tree Indian grass Indiana indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial burners industrial ethanol industrial gases industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated biorefineries integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine (ICE) internal combustion engine (ICE)/gasoline engine ban International international balance of payments International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Sustainability and Carbon Certification model(ISCC) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit Invvesting ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron iron oxide IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isobutylene isomerisation isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica jamelão Japan jatobá Jatropha Jersey Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 jet B Jetfuel (Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs Joint Office of Energy and Transportation jojoba Jordan JP-10 JP-4 JP-5/NATO F-44 JP-8/NATO F-34 juniper Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kalanchoe kamani Kans grass Kansas Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati knotweed Knowledge Discovery Framework Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kulpa kusum Kuwait Kygryzstan labels labor policy Labrador lactic acid lactose Lake County lamp oil land ownership land prices land rights land subsidence land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy landfill methane Landfills landscape Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead Leadtree leaf ant Lebanon lecithin legislation Legislation-Federal Legislation-State lemna lend-lease Lesotho lesquerella leucaena levulinic acid Liberia Libya licensing lichens life cycle analysis (LCA) light rail lignin Lignin Ethanol Oil (LEO) Lignocellulosic Biofuel lignocellulosic sugars lime Lipid liquefaction liquid liquid petroleum gas (LPG) liquid transportation fuels liquidation Liquified Biogas (LBG) Liquified Biogas (LBG) pumps liquified biomethane (LBM) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logistics long-term contracts Louis Louisiana low c low carbon emissions low carbon octane standard (LCOS) Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel low sulfur fuel low sulfur marine fuel lubricants lumber mill Luxembourg lysis M100 M15 M3 M50 ma macadamia macauba Macedonia machine learning machinery macororo Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona management changes mandates mangaba manganese mango mangrove Manitoba mannose manure maple maps marginal land marine algae Marine Corps Marine Diesel Oil (MDO) Marine Fuel Oil Marine Gas Oil (MGO) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) price Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel Terminal Marine/maritime renewable fuel terminal/bunkering market forces market share marketing markets/sales Mars Marshall Islands Maryland Masdar Institute mass balance standard Massachusetts Master Limited Partnership (MLP) Mauritania Mauritius Mazda meat mechanics training medical waste MEEC membranes mergers and acquisitions mesquite methanation methane leaks methane/biomethane methanization methanol benefits methanol fuel cells methanol price Methanol-to-Jet (MTJ-SPK) Methanol/Biomethanol/Renewable Methanol methylbutenol Mexico Michelin GreenX Challenge Michigan micro-crop microalgae microbial electrosynthesis microbiology microorganisms/microbes microwave Mid-Atlantic Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military reserves military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels milk permeate millennium fruit millet millettia pinnata milo stover mineralization minerals mining Minn Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold molinia molybdenum MON (Motor Octane Number) Monaco Mongolia mongongo monitoring/measuring reporting verifiction (MRV) Montana Montenegro moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles motors MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES2014 MOVES3 (MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator model) Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed mvr Myanmar n-butanol n-butene nahar Namibia nano nano particles nanocatalysts nanocellulose nanomaterials naphtha/bionaphtha/renewable naphtha naphthene NASCAR National Academies of Science National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) National Energy Council National Environmental Policy Act National Guard National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Laboratory National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Oilheat Research Alliance National Park Service National Research Council National Science Foundation (NSF) national security National Security Council National Transportation Safety Board National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) Native American/American Indian/First Nation Tribes natural gas Natural Gas Act natural gas input natural gas prices natural gas vehicles natural gasoline Navy Nebraska neem negative carbon emissions NEN 7427-1 neodymium Nepal net energy balance Netherlands Nevada New Brunswick new fuel approval New Guinea New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New South Wales New York New Zealand Newfoundland Newfoundland and Labrador next generation biofuels next generation vehicles NHRA drag racing Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrogen starvation nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota North Korea Northeast northern catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory Northwest Territories Norwary Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds nuclear Nunavut nut shells nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition oak oat hulls oat straw oats Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) Office of Science Technology and Policy (OSTP) Offices of Inspector Generals offtake agreements Ohio oil oil embargo oil exploration oil monopoly oil p oil price parity oil prices oil production oil refineries oil replacement oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil speculators oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes oil/gas terminals Oils Oklahoma olefins oligomerization olive cake olive oil olive pits olive pomace olive water olives Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm ammonia production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing on-site hydrogen production one p one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontaio Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) open fuel standard open pond opportunity zones optimized flex fuel vehicles orange peel orchard grass orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) osage orange OSHA Overseas Private Investment Corporation overview overview/survey course owa oxygen oxygenate ozone Pakistan Palau palm palm biomass palm fatty acid distillate palm fiber palm fronds palm kernel palm kernel oil palm kernel shell palm oil Palm Oil Methyl Ester (PME) palm oil mill effluent (POME) palm oil prices palm trunk sap palm waste Paludiculture/peatland cultivation Panama pandas panic grass papaya paper Papua Indonesia Papua New Guinea paraffins Paraguay Paris Agreement parity partial waiver particulates pasture land Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) patents pathways Paulownia paulownia tree payments peach shell peaches peak oil peak oil demand peanuts/groundnuts peas pectin peela kaner pellet pellets Pennsylvania pennycress/stinkweed pentane pentanol pentose pequi perennial grains perennial grasses Performance permitting Peru pest-tolerance pesticide-tolerance pests pet food petition petroleum pharmaceuticals phase separation Philippines phosphorus photobioreactor photoelectrocatalysis photoelectrochemical photolysis photosynthesis phragmites pigeon pea pilot pilot scale pine pine beetle pine needles pine nut pineapple Pineapple leaf pinion Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Admin (PHMSA) pipelines Pistacia chinensis PLA plant cell research plant cell walls plant oil plastic plastic-to-jet platinum Plug-in Flex Fuel Hybrid Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) plume grass Poand podcasts Poland poli Policy politics pollinators pollution pollution control polyethylene polyfuel polymer polymerization polysaccharides pomace pomegranates pongamia pongamia pinnata poplar poppy population control Portable refinery Portugal poster sessions potamogeton potassium potato poultry litter/waste power power-to-x/gas/liquid prairie grasses pre-processing precision farming/agriculture precursors/biointermediates premium gasoline Pretreatment pretreatment equipment price price of water prickly pear Prince Edward Island process flow diagram producer tax credit Production tax credit productivity project insurance propagating Propane/Biopropane/Renewable Propane propane/renewable propane pumps propanol property insurance propylene protectionism protein protests proton exchange membrane (PEM) public comments public health policy Puerto Rico pulp Pulp/Paper Mill pump retrofit kit pumps/fueling station pungam Punnai tree pyrolysis pyrolytic liquefaction Q-RIN QAP Qatar quality assurance Quality Assurance Plans (QAPs) quality improvement quantum dots Quebec Queensland quote of the week r R Factor R100/RD100 R33 R5 R95B5/RD95B5 R99/RD99 rabbits race radiata pine radish leaves Rahal Letterman Lanigan Racing railroad rain tree rainforest ranchers RAND rare earth metal/critical minerals RD10 RD100 RD20 RD3 RD30 RD40 RD50 RD55 RD80 RD80B20 RD99 reclaimed mine lands recycled oil recycled plastics recycling red algae redcedar Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation Refined Bleached Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO) refineries reforestation Reformate regenerative braking regenerative farming Regional Conservation Partnership Program (RCPP) Regulated Emissions regulations Regulations-Federal Regulations-State Regulatory Enhancement Growth Support (REGS) Reid vapor pressure (RVP) remediation remediation rice straw Renewable Chemical renewable chemical producer tax incentive renewable chemical production tax credit renewable diesel pipelines Renewable Diesel Production renewable diesel pumps renewable diesel tax credit renewable diesel terminal Renewable Diesel/Green Diesel price Renewable Diesel/Green Diesel/HVO/Paraffinic Diesel Renewable Energy Renewable Energy Directive (RED/RED II/RED III) Renewable Energy Standard Renewable Energy to Fuels through Utilization of Energy-Dense Liquids (REFUEL) renewable fuel renewable fuel oil (RFO) Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS and RFS2) Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS2) revisions/repeal Renewable Fuels Directive (EU) renewable fuels of non-biological origin (RFNBO) renewable gasoline blendstock renewable marine diesel Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) price Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) pumps Renewable Portfolio Standards Renewable Power Standard Renewable Synthesized Iso-Paraffinic Fuels (SIP) Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation (RTFO) renewable volume obligation (RVO) REnova RenovaBio replacement molecules Repowering Assistance Program Republic of Congo repurpose research and development research facility resiliency resource depletion resurrection grass retail retrofit return on investment Reverse Water-gas Shift RFI (Request for Information) RFS "reset" RHD100 Rhizosphere Observations Optimizing Terrestrial Sequestration (ROOTS) Rhode Island rhododendron Ricardo rice rice bran rice bran oil rice hulls rice husks rice price rice straw/paddy straw RICO (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act) RIMPAC RINs (Renewable Identification Numbers) RINs markets RINs price risk management RJ-4 RJ-6 RME (rape methyl ester) RME180 RNA (Ribonucleic acid) RNG tax credit roadmap rocket fuel Romania RON (Research Octane Number) rosin rotation crops Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials (RSB) royalties RP-1 RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber rubber seeds rumen ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Rural Renewable Energy Pilot Program rushes Russia Russian olive rutabaga Rwanda ry rye Rye grass rye straw s saccharification SAF pipeline SAF10 SAF30 SAF40 SAFc (Sustainable Aviation Fuel certificates) Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower sago pond weed SAIC sal tree Salicornia salt water salt-tolerant saltbush saltcedar Samoa Sanctions Santa Monica sardine oil Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Advisory Board (SAB) Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) Science Policy scooters Scotland scum sea level rise seaports seashore mallow seawater seaweed cultivation Seaweed/Macroalgae second-generation biofuel income tax credit Section 526 Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) seed husks seed-to-wheel Senegal Serbia sesame sewage Seychelles shale shale gas shale oil shark oil Shea sheep shellfish shipping shipping containers shipworm siam weed Sierra Leone silage silica Silphie/cup plant/Indian cup silver silver maple simarouba Singapore Singpore sisal SK slash Slovakia Slovakia/Slovak Republic Slovenia sludge Small Business Administration Small Business Innovatin Research (SBIR) Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) Program small engines small refinery exemption (SRE) smog smokestack soap soapstock Social social benefit investing social cost social value social venture Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) soi soil soil amendments soil carbon soil health soil microbial biomass solar energy solar energy-to-chemical conversion solar fuel solar thermochemical hydrogen (STCH) solaris Solid Oxide Electrolyzer Cell (SOEC) solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) Solomon Islands Solutions solvent liquefaction Somalia soot sorghum sorghum oil sorghum price sorghum stover South Africa South America South Australia South Carolina South Dakota South Korea South Pacific South Sudan Southeast Asia Southern Africa Soviet Union SOx (Sulfur oxides) soy meal soybean hulls soybean prices soybeans Spain spartina specifications Spekboom Spent Bleaching Earth Oil (SBEO) sprawl spruce Sri Lanka Stakeholders standards start-up State Department Statistics steam explosion steam methane reformation steam reformation steel stevia stillage storage tanks Straight (pure) Vegetable Oil (SVO or PVO) stranded assets Strategic Bioenergy Reserve STrategiv Petroleum Reserve straw students su sub-Saharan Africa sub-sim (substantially similar) succinic acid sucrose Sudan sugar Sugar Beets/Energy Beets Sugar kelp sugar palm sugar platform sugar prices sugar standards sugar-to-biodiesel sugar-to-farnesane sugar-to-jetfuel sugarcane sugarcane prices sugarcane straw sugars sugars-to-fats sulfur Sumatra sunflower sunflower stalks supercritical fluid supercritical hydrolysis supply agreements supply chain Supreme Court surahart Surface Transportation Board Suriname Sustainability Swaziland Sweden sweet potatoes Sweet sorghum sweetgum swine waste Switchgrass Switzerland sycamore syngas (synthesis gas) syngas/gas fermentation SYNHH synthesised aromatic kerosene (SAK) synthetic biology synthetic diesel synthetic gasoline synthetic kerosene synthetic liquified gas (SLG) synthetic methane/e-methane synthetic natural gas Syria Tailoring Rule Taiwan Tajikistan tall fescue tall oil tallow tallow tree tamanu/nyamplung Tamarix tank cars tank-to-wheel tanker trucks tankers Tanzania tar sands tariffs taro Tasmania tax benefit tax credits tax incentives tax parity tax policy taxes tea teach teach-the-teacher teacher teacher resources teacher training tech transfer technical course Technical Readiness Levels techno-economic analysis technology transfer telephone utility poles Tennessee termites terpenes terrestrial carbon testing Texas textbook Thailand theft therapeutics Thermal catalytic depolymerization (TCD) thermal deoxygenation thermocatalytic conversion thermochemical conversion thermochemical liquefaction Tibet Tier 3 Tier 4 tilapia tillage Timor-Leste tires tobacco tobacco tree Togo Tokyo toluene Tonga tool Toronto torrefaction totai Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) trade trade dispute/discrimination trade group trade organization Trade Policy trade secrets training trains transesterification transgenics transition Transportation Fuels Policy Transportation Fuels Policy--Municipal Transportation Fuels Policy--State Transportation Policy travel policy Treasury Department trees Trinidad and Tobago triticale trucks tubers tugboats tung tunicate Tunisia Tunsia Turkey U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) UCOME (Used Cooking Oil Methyl Ester) Uganda UK (United Kingdom) UK Emission Trade Scheme (UK ETS) Ukraine Ukriane UL (Underwriters Laboratory) ULSD (ultra low sulfur diesel) Ultra Low Sulfur Fuel Oil (ULSFO) Ultra-low-carbon bioethanol underground storage tanks (UST) UNESCO UNIDO (United National Industrial Development Organization) United Arab Emirates (UAE) United Nations (UN) United Nations' International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) United States Auto Club Unleaded 88/E15 uranium urban sprawl urbanization Uruguay US Agency for International Development (USAID) US Army US ethanol exports US Geological Survey US Product Safety Commission USAC USAID USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS) used cooking oil (UCO) used motor oil used railroad ties ustain Utah utilities utility model Uzbekistan value chain Value Stack vanadium Vancouver Vanuatu Vatican VEETC vegetable oils vehicles miles traveled (VMT) Velocys Venezuela Vermont vetiver Victoria video Vietnam vinasse vinegar vineyard waste Virgin Islands. virgin oils Virginia viruses vlsfo VLSFO (very low sulfur fuel oil) volatile fatty acids (VFA) volunteers VTOL (vertical take-off and landing aircraft) Vulcanol w waiver Wales warranty Washington Washington DC waste waste alcohol Waste CO2 waste heat waste management waste oil waste paper waste vegetable oil waste-to-chemicals Waste-to-Energy waste-to-fuel wastewater water water consumption water footprint water hyacinth water policy water pollution water quality water treatment water vapor watermeal watermelon wax weather well-to-wheel West Africa West Coast West Java West Virginia Western Australia wet distillers grain wet extraction What You Can Do wheat wheat bran wheat fiber wheat prices wheat straw wheatgrass whey whisky white grease White House wildlife habitat willow wind energy wine wastage/grape marc winter crops Wisconsin Wisdonsin women Wood woody biomass World Bank World Trade Organization (WTO) Wyoming XTL xylan xylene xylose yard waste yeast yellow grease yellowhorn tree Yemen Yields Yukon Zambia Zanzibar zein zeolites zero-carbon bioethanol Zimbabwe zinc zoning

© 2008-2024 Copyright Advanced BioFuels USA. All Rights reserved.