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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Valmet

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This presentation deck  highlights Valmet’s expertise in biomass conversion, particularly focusing on transforming green waste into valuable biofuels. Valmet, a global leader in this space, provides a range of technologies and services, including BioTrac pretreatment and

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Finding Could Help Turn Trees Into Affordable, Greener Industrial Chemicals

(North Carolina State University News) ... Lignin, a polymer that makes trees rigid and resistant to degradation, has proven problematic. Now those NC State researchers know why: They’ve identified the specific molecular property of lignin — its methoxy content — that

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MetGen Integration with NewEnergyBlue Will Create Full Array of Biochemicals Refined from Agricultural Waste

(NewEnergyBlue/PR Newswire) NewEnergyBlue, the clean-technology designer of biomass refineries that turn agricultural waste into highly decarbonized biofuels and biochemicals, and MetGen, the Finnish pioneer in advanced enzymes and lignin fractionization, today began integrating their renewable technologies and business units to vigorously

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Sustainable Marine Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This presentation deck from Due Diligence Wolf Paul Bryan provides a brief overview of the shipping industry, highlighting its significant role in global trade and its substantial contribution to greenhouse gas emissions. The presentation deck emphasizes

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Interview: Ethanol Earmarked for European Road-Use Could Go to Other Transport Ends: Raizen

by Thomas Washington, Harry Clyne, Daniel Workman (S&P Global)  Second-generation ethanol from waste has potential in aviation and shipping; Building 270 million liters nameplate capacity by 2025, mostly sold to Europe; Exploring new pathways like converting lignin residue into advanced biofuels Brazilian energy company

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Barracuda Technologies Launches Its Maiden Modular Bio-Refinery Project in India

(Barracuda Technologies/Business Wire) Barracuda Technologies Pvt. Ltd., an indirect subsidiary of San Francisco (USA) based Startup Barracuda Technologies Inc., has just completed its first modular Bio-Refinery project in India, marking a significant milestone in sustainable and circular materials manufacturing. This semi-commercial

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Interview: Ethanol Earmarked for European Road-Use Could Go to Other Transport Ends: Raizen

by Thomas Washington, Harry Clyne, and Daniel Workman  (S&P Global)  Second-generation ethanol from waste has potential in aviation and shipping;  Building 270 million liters nameplate capacity by 2025, mostly sold to Europe; Exploring new pathways like converting lignin residue into advanced biofuels Brazilian energy

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Georgia Tech Researchers Develop More Efficient Approach for Turning Plant Biomass into Useful Chemicals

by Brad Dixon (Georgia Institute of Technology)  Lignin is one of the most plentiful organic polymers on Earth, making up about 20 to 30 percent of the dry mass of wood and other plants. Despite this abundance, lignin’s complex structure has challenged

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Polymer Products from Lignin

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Today, lignin from pulp and paper is converted to polymer products through sulfonation. An industry goal, and the goal of this Ingevity / USC / Sandia project, is commercial products from lignin that provide 20% reduction

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Comstock Executes Exclusive License and Cooperative Research and Development Agreement with Department of Energy’s National Renewable Energy Laboratory

(Comstock/Globe Newswire) World Class Innovation Team Set Sights on 100% Renewable Sustainable Aviation Fuel and Fossil Parity -- Comstock Inc. (NYSE: LODE) (“Comstock” and the “Company”) today announced the execution by Comstock’s wholly-owned subsidiary, Comstock IP Holdings LLC, of an Exclusive License

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NewEnergyBlue Acquires Inbicon Biomass Conversion Technology and International Patent Portfolio

(NewEnergyBlue) NewEnergyBlue, the clean-technology designer of biomass refineries that turn agricultural waste into highly decarbonized biofuels and biochemicals, has finalized its purchase of Inbicon biomass-conversion technology from Ørsted, a renewable energy company based in Denmark. NewEnergyBlue’s acquisition extends its scope of

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Blue Biofuels Receives $1.15 Million Department of Energy Phase 2 Grant

(Blue Biofuels)   Blue Biofuels, Inc. (OTCQB: BIOF). Blue Biofuels is thrilled to announce that it has been awarded a Phase 2 Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) grant from the U.S. Department of Energy amounting to $1.15 million. This significant funding will

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Raízen and Vertoro Join Forces to Enhance Lignin’s Value in Advanced Biofuels and Chemical Sectors

(Raízen)  Joint Development Agreement focuses on using the lignin from 2nd Generation Ethanol’s potential to produce additional waste-based sustainable solutions -- Raízen, an integrated energy company with a broad portfolio of renewables, and Vertoro, a Dutch biotechnology accelerator, today announced the signing

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USDA Backs Research into Making Sustainable Jet Fuel and Fish Feed from Wood

(University of Maine) Millions of pounds of low-value wood, such as small diameter trees and branches, have been left behind in Maine’s forests due to the decline in pulp and paper production, stymied by drought, fire suppression and dropping demand. While

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Comstock Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Comstock Fuels highlights that its “ breakthrough cellulosic technology enables fuel producers to lead in fuel production efficiency and output while contributing to net zero mobility. Our proprietary cellulosic fuel technology converts woody biomass into C6

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Optimizing Cellulose Fiber Properties from Chromolaena Odorata and Ananas Comosus

by Mochamad Zakki Fahmi (Universitas Airlangga) Various pulping methods, such as Kraft, sulfite, and soda, have been adopted to produce cellulose from lignocelluloses. Pulping methods such as semi-chemical, sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfide, and organosolv and sulfite acid have been employed in the

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Scientists Gain New Molecular-Level Insights into Breaking Down Plant Material for Biofuels

(U.S. Department of Energy/NewsWise) Compared to biofuel crops like corn, breaking down cellulose from nonedible plant parts or grasses grown on marginal lands is slow and inefficient. Cellulose is the building block of plant cell walls. However, using these non-food plants could help

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New Energy Blue and ARCO/Murray Partner to Build Biomass Refineries to Produce Sustainable Fuels and Chemicals

(New Energy Blue) New Energy Blue, the clean-energy developer whose technology converts agricultural waste into lowest-carbon biofuels and biochemicals, and ARCO/Murray, one of America’s largest, most experienced, and fastest-growing construction firms, today announce a partnership to build out the New Energy

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Södra to Become the Largest Producer of Kraft Lignin in the World

(Södra/CISION) As a step in the strategy of getting more out of every tree, Södra is now establishing a new business to become a world leader in the production of kraft lignin. Södra's production facility will be the first commercial facility

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to MetGen

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Bioprocessing solutions for next gen biorefineries is what MetGen is about, and this illuminating slide guide from ABLC 2024 highlights how they maximize the value for biomass, de-bottleneck a biorefinery, all about the enzymatic lignin fractionation

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SAF Market on an Upward Trajectory

(EcoCeres/Biofuels International) ... The path to sustainable aviation is filled with obstacles, including feedstock availability, technological hurdles and evolving regulations that often lag behind innovation. To tackle these challenges effectively, a three-pronged approach is essential. First, localised logistic systems are crucial for

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Complete Utilization of Date Seeds for Biofuel Production

by Saleha Al-Mardeai, Meera Aldhaheri, Aysha Al Hashmi, Maryam Qassem, Sulaiman Al-Zuhair (Cleaner Engineering and Technology)  Full utilization of date seeds for bioethanol and biodiesel production was tested; Oil extraction was examined as a potential pretreatment method; Oil extraction enhanced yield by two folds

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Why Is Breaking Down Plant Material for Biofuels So Slow?

by Gail McCormick (Pennsylvania State University) Penn State researchers have revealed how molecular roadblocks slow the breakdown of cellulose, an abundant renewable resource in plants -- Cellulose, which helps give plant cell walls their rigid structure, holds promise as a renewable raw

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CALL FOR PROPOSALS €213 Million Available for Advancing Europe’s Circular Bio-based Economy DEADLINE September 18, 2024

(Circular Bio-based Europe Joint Undertaking) CBE JU published its 2024 call for project proposals. A total of €213 million will be dedicated to advancing competitive circular bio-based industries in Europe across 18 topics. All stakeholders of the circular bio-based sector

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EPA Approves Registration of Vertimass Green Gasoline Blends

(Vertimass)  VertiGas20, a renewable gasoline product, is now registered to be sold as 20% blends in conventional gasoline to help mitigate transportation carbon emissions -- Vertimass is pleased to announce that the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has approved registration for

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Just Released: 2023 Project Peer Review Report

(U.S. Department of Energy)  Highlighting Expert Feedback on BETO's Portfolio -- The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) released its 2023 Project Peer Review Report, a comprehensive summary of stakeholder and subject-matter expert feedback on BETO’s latest research, development, and

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Blue Biofuels Begins Engineering and Design for Cellulosic Ethanol Project

by Blue Biofuels/EthanolProducer Magazine) In a recent development, Blue Biofuels Inc. proudly announces the commencement of an FEL 1 & 2 engineering study for a 2.4-million-gallon cellulosic ethanol facility. This endeavor is grounded in the company's innovative cellulose-to-sugar (CTS) system, which

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GRASS – A 5-Letter Word for EARTH MONTH

GRASS OFFERs a productive, and “greener” feedstock for biofuel production as it GROWS fairly quickly and is able to tolerate a WIDER ARRAY of environmental conditions than traditional food crops or OTHER vegetation GROWN on a commercial SCALE. A field of

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Blue Biofuels Makes First Cellulosic Ethanol

(Blue Biofuels) Blue Biofuels Inc. (“BIOF”) continues to make substantial strides in advancing its Cellulose-to-Sugar (CTS) technology towards commercial scale. The company has achieved a significant milestone by successfully producing its first batch of cellulosic ethanol, utilizing the cellulosic sugars created

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New Energy Blue Forms New Energy Chemicals to Sustainably Produce Bio-Sourced Ethylene for Carbon-Zero Jet Fuel and Dow's Renewable Plastics

(New Energy Blue/PR Newswire)  New Energy Blue, the clean-energy developer of lowest-carbon biofuel and biochemicals from crop residues, today advances its Decarbonizing America agenda by forming New Energy Chemicals. In phase one, the new biochemical subsidiary will produce American-sourced and American-made bio-based

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Research Says Biomass Pretreatment Makes Biofuel Practical

(New Energy and Fuel) A new University of California – Riverside (UCR) study found that introducing a simple, renewable chemical to the pretreatment step can finally make next-generation biofuel production both cost-effective and carbon neutral. The first step, breaking down the plant

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to the State of Feedstocks and Advanced Agriculture

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) In this presentation, we explored the challenges faced by global feedstock producers in shifting towards low carbon fuels, chemicals and materials — new technologies for yield, better soil and carbon practices, new crops and intermediates, and

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Mercurius

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Reaching high is something Mercurius is familiar with, especially with their REACH technology. Standing for renewable, acid-hydrolysis, condensation, hydrotreating, their REACH technology works at low temperature, low pressure and enzyme free. Drop-in hydrocarbon jet fuel and

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Aston University Scientists to Tackle Challenges of Converting Rice Straw into the Next Generation of Biofuels

(Aston University) ... Researchers to examine issues that hinder conversion into an alternative fuel; Will help protect global food security, minimise CO2 emissions and decrease farmland needed for growing energy crops. ... However plant dry matter such as rice straw is seen as a

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to the State of Renewable Diesel and DME 2024

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This week on ABLC CONNECT, we networked and exchanged information about the world of Renewable Diesel and rDME, and as part of the proceedings, we had the State of Renewable Diesel and rDME presentation. The slides

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Blue Biofuels and Vertimass Forge Partnership to Start Production of Sustainable Aviation Fuel

(Blue Biofuels/Globe Newswire)  Blue Biofuels Inc. and Vertimass, LLC, have created a partnership to employ Vertimass’ proprietary Consolidated Alcohol Deoxygenation and Oligomerization (CADO) technology to produce sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) and renewable propane and butane (rLPG) as co-products from ethanol. This new company,

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to the State of Sustainable Aviation Fuel 2024

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  This week on ABLC CONNECT, we networked and exchanged information about the world of Sustainable Aviation Fuel, and as part of the proceedings, we had the State of Sustainable Aviation Fuel presentation. The slides are here.

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Obtaining Hydrogen from Vine Shoots for Biofuel Production

(Fundación Descubre/Phys.Org)  A research team from the universities of Jaén and São Paulo in Brazil has confirmed that hydrogen can be obtained from vine shoots through a process that does not require fossil fuels and does not emit pollutants. With their

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The Fab Finns, the Top 20 Bioproducts from the Bioeconomy’s Forest

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) We’ve long been fans of the Finns, their smart forest management practices, their innovative products and the complete lack of hype and bluster coming out of Helsinki. It’s the Quiet Country, but really they are the

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Comstock Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Comstock Fuels highlights that its “ breakthrough cellulosic technology enables fuel producers to lead in fuel production efficiency and output while contributing to net zero mobility. Our proprietary cellulosic fuel technology converts woody biomass into C6

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Kraftstock, Feedstock, Comstock: The Unleashing of Kraft Lignin as an Abundant, Affordable Feedstock for Drop-in Renewable Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ... First, Comstock has made an investment in RenFuel technology, the focus is to assure that RenFuel has the resources to complete some additional R&D that will broaden the applications of the technology they have already brought to

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Comstock Executes First Biorefinery Commercial Agreement

(Comstock) Preliminary Engineering Complete for 100,000 TPY Biointermediate Production at Pulp and Paper Facility  --   Comstock Inc. (NYSE: LODE) (“Comstock” and the “Company”) today announced execution of agreements with RenFuel K2B AB (“RenFuel”) to advance Comstock’s first commercial biorefinery, including an option

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Comstock Fuels Targets More Sustainable Aviation Fuel

(Comstock Fuels)  Technology Partner RenFuel Awarded Grant to Demonstrate Increased Sustainable Aviation Fuel Yields -- Comstock Inc. (NYSE: LODE) (“Comstock” or the “Company”) and its wholly owned subsidiary, Comstock Fuels Corporation (“Comstock Fuels”), today announced that Comstock Fuels’ biointermediate refining technology partner,

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New Energy Blue Launches Farmer-Owned Business to Supply Clean, Sustainable Feedstock for Its Biomass Refineries

(New Energy Blue/CISION PR Newswire)  New Energy Blue, the clean-tech creator of biomass refineries that turn crop residues such as corn stalks into some of the world's lowest-carbon fuels and chemicals, announces the formation of New Energy Farmers LLC, which

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The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to Sustainable Ethanol Production Pathways

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This past week Shrijant Rathi, executive director for Praj Americas, returned to the Digest stage for this fascinating deep-dive into new technologies that open up opportunities for ethanol producers through retrofit, bolt-ons or add-on technologies that

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Scaling Up Speakers Talk Bioeconomy Successes, Gaps in Canada

by Marie Church (Canadian Biomass Magazine)  ... The global bioeconomy is rapidly progressing and while Canada has seen some bright advancements, there are glaring gaps to fill if we want to be among the front runners. Scaling Up, an annual bioeconomy

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Newly-Engineered Enzymes Can Help Plants Produce More Biofuels

by Loukia Papadopoulos (Interesting Engineering) ... In order to improve the efficiency of converting grass plant biomass into biofuels and other bioproducts, plant biologists at the DOE's Brookhaven National Laboratory have created a new type of enzymes that optimizes plants’ ability to develop biomass. These

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The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to Biochemical Conversion and Lignin Utilization

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The DOE’s goals are >54% upgradable products from Lignin by 2030, including an emphasis on Deconstruction and depolymerization, conversion of lignin oils to liquid fuels, opportunities for lignin to SAF, and valorization of lignin-derived monomers to

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Blue Biofuels Receives Department of Energy Grant for Groundbreaking Renewable Fuels Technology

(Blue Biofuels/Globe Newswire)  Blue Biofuels, Inc. (OTCQB: BIOF). Blue Biofuels (the “Company”) announces today the receipt of a prestigious Department of Energy (DOE) Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase 1 grant. The grant, valued at $206,500, will further propel Blue Biofuels'

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Tri-Cities Researchers’ Discovery Could Mean Cheaper Bio-Based Fuel

by Steven Ashby (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory/Tri-City Herald) While it can take a century for some types of wood to fully decompose, researchers at the Department of Energy’s Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and Washington State University took a lesson from nature and discovered a

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Unlocking the Deployment of Advanced Bioethanol Refineries

by Melich Seefeldt (Praj Industries/Biofuels Digest)  Advanced bioethanol (also named 2G or cellulosic bioethanol from inedible biomass) and its co-products lignin, stillage, and biogenic CO2 are sustainable key tools to decarbonize the difficult-to-abate transport sector. In addition, they can be

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The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to MetGen

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Bioprocessing solutions for next gen biorefineries is what MetGen is about, and this illuminating slide guide from ABLC 2023 highlights how they maximize the value for biomass, de-bottleneck a biorefinery, all about the enzymatic lignin

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Transforming Plants into Allies in the Fight against Climate Change

(U.S. Department of Energy/Oak Ridge National Laboratory/EurekAlert!)  ... At the Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory, scientists are leading research to transform plants into key drivers of decarbonization, from creating biomass crops for new fuels to enhancing the ability

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Research and Development Centre in Marton Creating Commercially Viable Biofuels

by George Heagney (Stuff)  A research and development centre producing the “ingredients” for plastic alternatives and environmentally friendly products has started work in Rangitīkei. GreenChem chief executive Kevin Snowdon opened its new facility in Marton on Friday, where they have a pressure

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Bioprocessing Separations Consortium Spotlights Three-Year Update and Announces Bioenergy STEM Workshop for Students! --- Fridays July 14-August 4, 2023 --- ONLINE

(U.S. Department of Energy)  While fossil fuels still dominate the energy landscape, biomass is becoming a power player in the clean energy revolution. Separating valuable compounds from other components – like isolating fuel molecules from water, microorganisms, and other organic material

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Dow and New Energy Blue Announce Collaboration to Develop Renewable Plastic Materials from Corn Residue

(Dow) First-of-its-kind agreement in North America would create bio-based ethylene for Dow's U.S. Gulf Coast assets to produce renewable plastics across fast-growing end-markets  -- Today (May 25, 2023), Dow (NYSE: DOW) and New Energy Blue announced a long-term supply agreement in North America in which

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EcoCeres Announces Its First 100% Agricultural Waste Produced Cellulosic Ethanol Shipment to Europe, Turning a New Chapter in Renewable Biofuels

(EcoCeres/PR Newswire)  EcoCeres, Inc., an Asia-based innovative bio-refinery company with strong R&D capability, is excited to announce its first shipment of 100% agricultural waste-produced cellulosic ethanol to the European markets, a milestone the company achieved after commissioning yet another ground-breaking facility in China.

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Novozymes & Fibenol Have Entered a Commercial Partnership to Demonstrate Lignocellulosic Biorefining on an Industrial Scale

(Fibenol) Due to their abundance worldwide, lignocellulosic residues have an enormous potential to substitute petrochemicals with bio-based alternatives. However, efficient cellulose degradation into sugars has long been an obstacle to the wider spread of lignocellulosic biorefineries. Now, the tide seems to

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From Concept to Commercialization: NREL’s Sustainable Aviation Fuels Program

by Zia Abdullah (National Renewable Energy Laboratory)  The National Renewable Energy Laboratory supports the U.S. DOE Bioenergy Technologies Office with fundamental and applied research, development, and deployment (RD&D) designed to advance technologies to produce biobased energy, fuels, chemicals and products

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STALK – A 5-Letter Word for EARTH MONTH

Researchers have been trying to make advanced or “cellulosic” biofuel from agricultural WASTE and residue like corn STALKs, cassava STALKs, cotton STALKs, castor STALKs and sunflower STALKs and hemp STALKs for many YEARS.  POET's Project Liberty was one of the

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Scientists Find New Way to Turn Plant Waste into Biofuels

by Brian Westenhaus (OilPrice.com) • Scientists have found a way to break down the tough lignin in plant material using anaerobic fungi. This breakthrough provides a new path for accessing valuable plant fibers that can be used to produce biofuels

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Kelly Davis Takes VP Post at New Energy Blue: Staff Expanding to Produce Lowest-Carbon Bioenergy

(New Energy Blue/PR Newswire)  New Energy Blue announced the hiring of bioenergy veteran Kelly Davis as Vice President, a new position. Davis will augment the company's technical, regulatory, and operations expertise as it staffs up to build out a series of clean-tech

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Blue Biofuels Achieves Full Conversion with Pilot Scale Reactor System

(Blue Biofuels) Blue Biofuels announced today the achievement of full conversion of cellulose into soluble sugars from our king grass feedstock with our newly designed larger pilot reactor.   We were able to process our king grass at a rate that is

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Study Paves Way to More Efficient Production of 2G Ethanol Using Specially Modified Yeast Strain

(São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP)/EurekAlert!) Brazilian researchers identified the genes that make the industrial yeast strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae SA-1 resistant to fermentation inhibitors generated during sugarcane bagasse preprocessing. A Brazilian study paves the way to increased efficiency of second-generation (2G) ethanol production

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Researchers Prove that Tough, Woody Lignin Can Be Broken Down in an Anaerobic Environment

by Sonia Fernandez (University of California - Santa Barbara/Phys.Org) It's a tough job, but someone's got to do it. In this case, the "job" is the breakdown of lignin, the structural biopolymer that gives stems, bark and branches their signature

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The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to Advanced Biorefineries, the Future of the Bioeconomy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) All the developed and even now developing nations are working hard on Net Zero ambitions and timelines now — India has a goal to reduce 1 billion tons of carbon emissions by 2030 and drop

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Hemp Biofuels: High Energy, Low Environmental Impact

(Global Hemp Association)  ... “Biofuel” is an umbrella term for a number of different types of energy produced from biomass. The main fuels are biodiesel, bioethanol, renewable diesel, sustainable aviation fuel, and renewable natural gas. ... Studies show that hemp biomass, with

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Rolling in Benefits: New Method for Effective Compression of Plant Biomass for Alternate Fuel and Anti-viral Applications

(Okayama University/News Wise) Researchers from Okayama University have developed a novel mechanical compression method to squeeze maximum benefits from plant biomass -- This process of compressing woody and herbaceous biomass generates pellets with good combustion performance and squeezed liquid extracts

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Lifting Up Production

by Katie Schroeder (Ethanol Producer Magazine) In recent years, many ethanol producers have started migrating toward a more diversified biorefining model as they adapt to changing markets and changing times. The enzymes industry has not only kept pace with this

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The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to the Cost and Greenhouse Gas Implications of Advanced Bio-Jet Fuel Production

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) JBEI’s been working hard on jet fuels. Why? Biological routes are advantaged in their ability to produce naphthenes (approximately one third of jet fuel, 45% of diesel fuel), whereas most other alternative jet fuel processes

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Lignin: A Way towards the Sustainable Biorefinery

Siddhartha Pal (Praj Industries/Biofuels Digest) Various sources of lignocellulosic biomass, such as forestry waste and agricultural feedstocks, are available all over the world. The Lignocellulosic biomass consists of three major components: cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. Cellulose and hemicellulose form a network

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To Make Valuable Bioproducts, Pick the Right Solvent Pretreatment

(U.S. Department of Energy) Lignin and cellulose are polymers—large molecules made up of repeating modules—that are situated in a tangled braid, along with some other polymers, within the plant cell wall. Lignin and cellulose are the two main polymers and are

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Below Zero: Why Less Is More for the Advanced Bioeconomy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) ... Here are the Ten Commandments of Below Zero. 1. Thou Shall Use Methane. Every molecule of methane has 20 times the greenhouse gas impact of carbon dioxide, some say it is far more harmful. So, when

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Researchers Pilot New Process to Achieve 100% Bio-Based Jet Fuel

by Emma VandenEinde (KUNC) As the airline industry works to cut its carbon dioxide emissions, a team of researchers believe they've found a "runway" to 100% sustainable aviation fuel. Their findings – published this week in the journal Joule – demonstrate harnessing the power of

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$2.25M Awarded to Develop Sustainable Energy Products from Waste Streams

by Sam Jones (North Carolina State University CALS News) Researchers will create sustainable aviation fuel and graphite from a blend of wood waste and seaweed.  -- A team of researchers in NC State’s College of Natural Resources and College of Agriculture and

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MetGen’s Acceleration: A Hat-Trick of Deals Put the Lignin Pioneer on a New Trajectory

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  From MetGen in Finland comes not one story but three, a hat-trick. First, a commercial license for biorefineries with Futurity in New Zealand; second, a partnership with Ivy Farms to develop an industrial process for bioactive molecules they use in

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Catalytic Process with Lignin Could Enable 100% Sustainable Aviation Fuel

(National Renewable Energy Laboratory/Biobased Diesel Daily) An underutilized natural resource could be just what the airline industry needs to curb carbon emissions. Researchers at three institutions—the U.S. DOE’s National Renewable Energy Laboratory, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Washington State University—report success

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Quadrise Fuels International plc Joint Development Agreement with Vertoro

(RNS/Qudrise Fuels) Quadrise (AIM:QFI), the supplier of MSAR® and bioMSAR™ emulsion technology and fuels is pleased to announce the entry of a Joint Development Agreement ("JDA") with lignin biofuel specialists, Vertoro BV ("Vertoro").  Vertoro is the supplier of sustainable biomass-based biofuels extracted from abundant agricultural and

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Nuseed Expands Its Bioenergy Platform; Acquires Assets and Signs Long-Term Alliance with GranBio to Accelerate Global Expansion of Energy Cane

(Nuseed/PR Newswire) Nuseed expands its bioenergy platform; acquires assets and signs long-term alliance with GranBio to accelerate global expansion of energy cane  --  Nuseed and GranBio have entered into a long-term strategic alliance to accelerate R&D and commercialization into global energy

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2021 Project Peer Review Report

(U.S. Department of Energy) The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) hosted its virtual 2021 Project Peer Review on March 8‒12, 15‒16, and 22‒26, 2021. During the event, 271 projects in BETO’s research portfolio were presented, representing a total

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Blue Biofuels Reports Successful Volume Testing of Its Cellulose-to-Sugar Process on Latest Reactor System; 2.5t/Day

(Blue Biofuels)  Blue Biofuels has reached a significant milestone in the scaling of its proprietary Cellulose-to-Sugar (CTS) reactor system. Testing results on a custom modified reactorsystem demonstrate the ability to convert cellulosic material into sugars with high conversion at a throughput

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ROBIN Debuts THE CLARIANT CHANNEL

(Biofuels Digest)  Now on ROBIN, up to the minute video and presentations, events and background from Europe's dominant player in 2G ethanol and in many chemicals markets. All content is available on THE CLARIANT CHANNEL, part of your ROBIN streaming

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Re-N-Vision Awarded Department of Energy Grant to Test and Develop Blue Biofuels’ CTS Technology in Equitable Energy Transition

(Blue BiofuelsGlobe Newswire)  Blue Biofuels, Inc. announces that Re-N-Vision, LLC, based out of St. Louis, MO, has received a Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase I Department of Energy grant for $199,902 with the title “Disadvantaged Community Bioenergy Feedstock Consortium

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Researchers Enlist Sturdy Yeast to Help Make Cost-Effective Ethanol

(U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service)  Yeasts play a key role in converting ("fermenting") sugars from plants into ethanol fuel. But not all yeasts are created equal. Some are better fermenters than others because they can tolerate the harsh conditions

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PNNL: New Artificial Enzyme Breaks Down Tough, Woody Lignin

(Pacific Northwest National Laboratory/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  A new artificial enzyme has shown it can chew through lignin, the tough polymer that helps woody plants hold their shape. Lignin also stores tremendous potential for renewable energy and materials. Reporting in the journal Nature

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Sea Salt Debit Cards, Lignin Filler in Tires, Algae-Based Protein, Biobased Biotin, and More: The Digest’s Top 8 Innovations for the Week of July 14th

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) A biodegradable debit card partially made of sea salt, a sea snail holding the key to biodegradable bullet-proof vests, Pirelli adding lignin as reinforcing filler in tires – some perfect summer time innovations. In today’s Digest,

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Biofuels Production and Consumption in Belgium

by Robert Malina and Freddy Navarro (Hasselt University/IEA Bioenergy Task 39)  ... With 104 PJ, biofuels covered about 6.5% of the final energy consumed in Belgium, while other renewable sources, excluding nuclear, covered 7.2 PJ, which highlights the great dependency

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The Competitive Edge: Praj Industries Ltd.

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) ... Praj, India’s most accomplished industrial biotechnology company driven by innovation, integration, and delivery capabilities. Over the past four decades, Praj has focused on the environment, energy, and agri-process industry, with over 1000++ customer references spanning

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Making Biofuel from Bracken in Britain's Hills

by Gordon Davidson (The Scotish Farmer) Britain's hills are alive with suffocating bracken – but a new biofuel project aims to make bracken clearance worthwhile, perhaps even profitable. Jeremy Oakley, of Oakland Biofuels, explains... "Maybe it is due to climate change, to the

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New Artificial Enzyme Breaks Down Tough, Woody Lignin

(Science Daily/DOE/Pacific Northwest National Laboratory)  Study shows promise for developing a new renewable energy source -- An innovative artificial enzyme has shown it can chew through woody lignin, an abundant carbon-based substance that stores tremendous potential for renewable energy and

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Bacteria Could Transform Paper Industry Waste into Useful Products

by Erin Matthews (Canadian Light Source) Getting more useful products out of renewable resources like wood is the goal of scientists who are using Canada’s only synchrotron.  -- Dr. Lindsay Eltis, a professor in the Department of Microbiology and Immunology at

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Valmet to Deliver a BioPower Heat and Power Plant and a Pretreatment BioTrac System to ORLEN Poludnie S.A. in Poland

(Valmet/PRNewswire) Valmet will deliver key technology areas for ORLEN Poludnie's S.A. planned second generation bioethanol (B2G) plant in Jedlicze, Poland. The engineering, procurement, and construction (EPC) delivery includes a pretreatment BioTrac system with a capacity to process approximately 400 tons

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Wood Fractionation Scale-up in Estonia: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to Fibenol

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) A full bioenergy value chain can be a beautiful thing. Check out this ABLC slide guide from Fibenol’s Chief Development Officer on how residual wood can be turned into valuable things like cellulosic sugars,

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Lignin-Based Jet Fuel Blended with Other Biofuels Can Replace Petroleum-Derived Fuels, Study Says

by Bethan Davies (AZoMaterials)  According to recent research, experimental plant-based jet fuel could enhance engine performance and efficacy, while dispensing with aromatics — the pollution-causing compounds seen in traditional fuels. Researchers examined a jet fuel created by Washington State University that is based

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Enzymes Discovered in Capybara Gut Can Accelerate Utilization of Agroindustrial Waste

by Karina Ninni  (Agência FAPESP)– Converting agroindustrial waste into molecules of interest to society, such as biofuels and biochemicals, is one of the ways to mitigate dependence on oil and other fossil fuels. As one of the world’s largest producers

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Competitive Edge: MetGen Oy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Imagine a technology that is agnostic to lignin source and provides the missing link link in the value-chain between crude lignin and high value lignin fractions for specific end user products. Well, MetGen’s got it covered

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New Perspective Highlights Promise of Hybrid Approach for Cellulosic Biofuel Production

by S. Heather Duncan (Oak Ridge National Laboratory)  Scientists with the Center for Bioenergy Innovation at ORNL highlighted a hybrid approach that uses microbes and catalysis to convert cellulosic biomass into fuels suitable for aviation and other difficult-to-electrify sectors. -- The

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New Bioprocesses for Lignin Valorization: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to NREL’s Biological Lignin Work

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  NREL is focusing on commodity productswith sufficient market sizes to aid biofuels production (e.g., adipic acid), working with Lignin Util. & SepConfor lignin substrates, and developing innovative biocatalysts and bioprocesses for lignin valorization. Get all

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Honey without the Bee, Greener Circuit Boards, Plant-Based Asphalt, and More: The Digest’s Top 8 Innovations for the Week of March 24th

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) We’ve reported on beef without the cows, pork without the pig, dairy without the cow and now we have honey without the bee from California start-up MeliBio which raised $7.5 million to scale and commercialize

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Argonne Pioneers New Processes to Create Materials for Batteries, Biofuels

(Newswise/Argonne National Laboratory) New chemical separations enable battery recycling, biodiesel  --  When recycling cans and bottles, at some point it becomes necessary to separate out plastic from metal. When recycling car batteries, getting out the most valuable metals also requires a separation,

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50 Hottest Projects in the Advanced Bioeconomy 2022

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) On Day 2 of ABLC in Washington, DC, The Digest announced the 50 Hottest Projects in the Advanced Bioeconomy 2022. This year, the focus was on advanced bioeconomy manufacturing sites, completed or in development, at pilot,

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ABLC 2022 – State of the Industry

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest)  ABLC’s theme of “Dawn of Net Zero” and hundreds of delegates from organizations all over the world grappling with the immense opportunities and supply chain challenges posed by the world’s rapid turn towards charting

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UNT BioDiscovery Institute Is One Step Closer to Sustainable Plant-Based Fuel

by Amy Brundeen (University of North Texas)  ... Helping plants produce C-lignin could lead to crops that are useful for creating an economically feasible plant-based jet fuel, among other applications. The latest findings from (Richrd) Dixon’s lab at UNT’s BioDiscovery

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Near Net Zero 2G Ethanol and Cellulosic Sugar: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to Praj

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  How does Praj do simultaneous production of 2G ethanol and RNG from bagasse? What made the 3 cellulosic ethanol for Oil Marketing Cosin India successful? Where do Praj’s Celluniti and enfinity platforms fit in for

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Sweetwater Receives Final Acceptance of Commercial Sunburst Unit at Sweetwoods Project in Estonia

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) ... Estonia – a NATO country that borders Russia. U.S. based Sweetwater Energy received final acceptance of its first commercial Sunburst unit at the Sweetwoods Project in Estonia, proving that Sunburst has met all criteria—including

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Versalis Begins Advanced Bioethanol Production in Italy

(Process Worldwide)  Versalis has begun the production of bioethanol at its Crescentino plant in Italy. The facility complies with the European legislation for the development of renewable energy RED II and makes use of the Proesa technology to produce sustainable

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Competitive Edge: EDIOL, LLC’s Catalyst Tech

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ... Instead of focusing on thermochemical conversions, my company developed the world’s first true catalyst for fluid cat cracking woody biomass into pure liquid hydrocarbons and bioplastic resins. Cellulose and semi-cellulose are directly converted into Iso

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LSU Chemists Unlock the Key to Improving Biofuel and Biomaterial Production

(Louisiana State University Chemistry) As the world searches for and demands more sustainable sources of energy and materials, plant biomass may provide the solution by serving as a renewable resource for biomaterials and biofuel production. However, until now, the complex physical

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Commercializing Lignin to Chemicals: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to MetGen

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The fractionation of lignin – How MetGen does it, their process compared to others, collaboration partners, their commercial demo, their commercialization pathway to biobased materials, and more.  READ MORE UD researchers report low-pressure method to convert

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JBEI’s Aviation Program: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to Joint BioEnergy Institute

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest)  6 DOE National Labs and 6 Universities are partners with the Joint BioEnergy Institute to help transform the maximum amount of carbon available in bioenergy crops into biofuels and bioproducts. From the importance of jet

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The Key to a Successful Cellulosic Ethanol Project

by Mallikarjun Navalgund (Praj Industries/Biofuels Digest)  ... Ethanol is a currently available solution and is being deployed to mitigate emissions from the transportation sector via the legacy energy infrastructure that has existed for over a century. The first generation(1G)/conventional ethanol industry

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The USDA and Blue Biofuels Collaborate to Optimize Yields of King Grass for Cellulosic Ethanol Production

(Blue Biofuels/Globe Newswire) Blue Biofuels, Inc. (PINK: BIOF) Blue Biofuels, Inc. (the “Company” or “BIOF”) and the United States Department of Agriculture’s Agricultural Research Service (“USDA ARS”) are collaborating on optimizing the yields of Pennisetum hybridum, commonly known as king grass, a perennial

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Construction to Start in 2022 on New Ethanol Plant near Mason City

by Mike Bunge (KIMT3) A new ethanol plant is planned for construction near Mason City.  New Energy Blue says the biomass refinery would be on a 155-acre site and convert 275,000 tons of cornstalks and wheat straw into 20 million gallons of ethanol

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Turning Agro Residue into Wealth with Bio-Based Solutions; Why Is It Pertinent [Explained]

by Faizur Rehman (International Business Times)  India generates an estimated 686 tonnes of crop residue every year, most of which is usually burned in the fields. If we adopt a circular approach and look keenly at bio-based solutions, the same

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Avantium’s Bioasphalt Road Update, IKEA’s Biopackaging, Shark Tank Winning Plant-Based Laundry Sheets and More: The Digest’s Top 8 Innovations for the Week of December 2nd

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) Can you hear Willie Nelson singing “On the road again, Just can’t wait to get on the road again” with the latest news from the Netherlands on their heavily used biobased asphalt road holding up

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Stora Enso's Wood-based Battery Material Wins Metsä360 Award

(ChemEurope.com) As a material for lithium-ion batteries, lignin has the potential to radically transform traditional industries  -- Stora Enso's bio-based battery material Lignode® by Stora Enso has won the Metsä360 award in Finland. The EUR 30000 prize, funded by the Marjatta

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Living, Moving Biomimicry Dress, Corn-based Sneakers, Cactus Leather, Wood-based Batteries and More: The Digest’s Top 8 Innovations for the Week of November 25th

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) On a day when many are eating way too much turkey, clothing that moves and grows with you sounds like a good idea, but how about self-destructing clothing – a “living” concept dress called “Biomimicry”

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Gevo and Sweetwater Energy Sign MoU to Supply Lignocellulosic Feedstocks to Produce Cellulosic Alcohols and Sustainable Aviation Fuel

(Gevo)   Gevo, Inc. (NASDAQ: GEVO) is pleased to announce it has signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) with Sweetwater Energy, Inc., regarding the use of sustainably sourced agricultural residues and woody biomass as a feedstock for producing cellulosic alcohols and

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Plant-Based Waste and Residues into Biofuel – Geeking out over Lignocellulose

by Richard Pallardy (Neste) Plant biomass, or lignocellulose, is the most abundant renewable carbon source on the planet. It has been around forever, but only now are we starting to grasp its full potential in replacing fossil resources. What makes

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A Single, Oxygen-Driven Step to Separate Plants into the Ingredients for Biofuels and Chemicals

Jill Sakai (Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center)  Breaking down plant material for biofuels processing has always required multiple steps, especially when it comes to dealing with the tough, complex polymer lignin. Current methods use a multi-step pretreatment process that focuses

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Sustainable Lignin Valorisation --- November 4, 2021 --- ONLINE

Lignin is the second most abundant biopolymer of land-based biomass, with a huge potential as source of many aromatic chemicals and building blocks. Its full exploitation can increase the profitability of many lignocellulosic biorefineries and produce biobased products. Despite the

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Maersk Invests in Vertoro to Develop Green Lignin Marine Fuels

(Maersk) Maersk Growth, the corporate venture arm of A.P. Moller - Maersk, invests in Vertoro – a Dutch start-up focused on developing liquid lignin technology which can be used as a marine fuel. --  Maersk’s investment will be used to

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Young Farm Entrepreneurs Look at High-Biomass Sorghum and Pearl Millet for Biofuel Feedstock

(CGIAR)  The Government of India’s concerted efforts to replace 20% fossil fuels with ethanol blends by 2025 is attracting agricultural entrepreneurs to invest in renewable energy. This week, Mr Lalit Jhawar and Mr Mayank Gupta, two young IIT graduates running a

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Valmet to Rebuild Pretreatment System for Danish Biorefinery

(Biofuels International) Valmet is set to rebuild a pretreatment system for RE Energy’s biorefinery in Kalundborg, Denmark. The order was included in Valmet’s orders received of the second quarter 2021 and the delivery is planned for the first half of

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Tech, Process, Forecast, Directions: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to Advanced Biofuels & Biorefining

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Cellulose, lignin, wastes, proteins, starches – all biomass feedstocks, but what building blocks, secondary chemicals, intermediates and end products can you get from them? What’s the latest on fermentation, pyrolysis, gasifiers, hydrocrackers, and other processes/tech

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Expanding Lignin’s Potential: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to MetGen

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Bioprocessing solutions for next gen biorefineries is what MetGen is about, and this illuminating slide guide from ABLC Digital highlights how they maximize the value for biomass, de-bottleneck a biorefinery, all about the enzymatic lignin

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Effect of Lignin-Blocking Agent on Enzyme Hydrolysis of Acid Pretreated Hemp Waste

by Daehwan Kim, Chang Geun Yoo, Jurgen Schwarz, Sadanand Dhekney, Robert Kozak, Craig Laufer, Drew Ferrier, Skylar Mackay, Madyson Ashcraft, Richard Williams and Sinyeon Kime (RSC Advances)   Hemp wastes (stems and branches), fractionated after hemp flower extraction for the production

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Getting 35B SAF gallons by 2050: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to NREL’s SAF Approach

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) The Digest reported a few days ago on the Biden administration’s goal of reaching 3 billion gallons of sustainable aviation fuel by 2030 and net zero emissions by 2050 but how do we get there?

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Blue Biofuels Files Two New Patents on the Production of Lignin and Nanocellulose from its CTS Technology

(Blue Biofuels/Globe Newswire) Blue Biofuels, Inc. (the “Company”) is pleased to announce that it filed two more patents that follow on the granted patent and three previously filed patents pending to its Cellulose-to-Sugar (“CTS”) technology system. One filed patent pertains to the

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Lignocellulosic Bagasse, Carinata, Pennycress, Guayule: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to SAF Feedstocks

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  There are challenges to sustainable aviation fuel commercialization, but the USDA SAF program is focused on helping with feedstock supply chain systems, conversion and sustainability analysis and commercialization support. Find out about their coordinated agricultural

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Recent Innovations in Turning Agricultural Waste into Biofuels

by Raj Shah and Amanda Loo (altenergymag.com/Koehler Instrument Company)  Wastes from fields and wastes from processing are the two kinds of agricultural wastes. Field wastes are present after harvesting crops and include stems, leaves, and stalks, and waste after processing

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Biofuels, RNG, SAF, Renewable Chem: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to Praj

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  You may know Praj as a biofuels company but this slide guide from ABLC Digital highlights their growth and expansion into more. Check out Praj’s 2G tech enfinity, Bio-Mobility, Bio-Prism, ethanol projects updates, renewable natural

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Giving up on Climate Change? EU Says No Way – Invests $140M in Decarbonizing Projects

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest)  ... The good news is for the first time since the creation of the Innovation Fund, the EU’s latest investment of €118 million (about $140 million) into 32 small innovative projects located in 14 EU Member

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Construction to Start in 2022 on New Ethanol Plant near Mason City

by Mike Bunge (KIMT) New Energy Blue says the biomass refinery would be on a 155-acre site and convert 275,000 tons of cornstalks and wheat straw into 20 million gallons of ethanol and 95 tons of lignin, a solid biofuel and natural

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CE+P to Partner with the U.S. Joint BioEnergy Institute on Advanced Biofuels Research

(California Energy + Power/Business Wire) California Ethanol + Power (CE+P) announced today (August 3, 3021) that it is partnering with the Joint BioEnergy Institute (JBEI), a Bioenergy Research Center of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) to develop scalable next-generation renewable

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Models to Create Biodiesel and Bioplastics Are Being Developed at the UAG

(Autonomous University of Guadalajara (UAG)/Surest Informa (Google Translation)) ... The researcher pointed out that thanks to this line of research and the projects that have derived from it, it has been possible to model chemical processes such as the production of

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Blue Biofuels Files 3 Additional Patents on Its CTS Technology

(Blue Biofuels) Alliance BioEnergy Plus Inc., DBA Blue Biofuels, (the “Company”) is pleased to announce that it filed 3 additional patents that follow on the granted patent to its Cellulose-to-Sugar (“CTS”) technology system. In the process of testing and perfecting towards commercialization,

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New Energy Freedom Refinery to Produce Carbon-Negative Fuel from America's Ag Wastes

(New Energy Blue/PR Newswire) New Energy Blue announced its planned construction in Iowa of a biomass refinery designed to produce renewable carbon-negative automotive fuel, which replaces gasoline. "Our Iowa project can keep one million tons of CO2 out of the atmosphere every

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BC Amends Regulation to Increase Renewable Gas Production, Use

(Bioenergy Insight)  British Columbia (BC) has amended the Greenhouse Gas Reduction (Clean Energy) Regulation to increase the production and use of renewable gas, as well as green and waste hydrogen in the province. With this change, BC hopes to generate jobs

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Vertoro Scores $2.4M EU Grant for Lignin/2G Ethanol Plant in Rotterdam

by Meghan Sapp (Biofuels Digest) In the Netherlands, Ship & Bunker reports that Vertoro has won a EUR2 million grant from the ReactEU program to build a 50,000 metric ton cellulosic ethanol facility and 125,000 ton lignin-based Goldilocks crude oil facility

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‘Plugging in’ to Produce Environmentally Friendly Bioplastics

(AgriLife Today)  Agriculture byproducts can help produce eco-friendly, biodegradable plastics -- Bioplastics — biodegradable plastics made from biological substances rather than petroleum — can be created in a more economical and environmentally friendly way from the byproducts of corn stubble,

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Higher-Value Bioproducts from Lignins: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to Lignin Fractionation and Valorization

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Lignin 20-30% of plant/wood biomass is the key to a successful biorefinery that would make both biofuels and bioproducts said Mark Thies from Clemson University in this BETO Peer Review slide guide that dives into

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Bioconversion Improvements: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to Biorefinery Waste for Bioplastics

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Being in a big state, Texas A&M University has some big goals like overcoming the key challenges for biorefinery cost-effectiveness and sustainability in the BETO MYPP and bring down the biofuel cost to $3/GGE. How

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Biochemical Conversion and Lignin Utilization: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to Spero Renewables

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Can you really convert 50% of lignin carbon into bio-phenols? Spero Renewables is working on exactly that and making polymers and chemicals from lignin bio-phenols. Spero even enables biofuel cost reduction of $1-2 gallons gasoline

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Lignin Leads the Way – World’s First Lignin Bio-Asphalt Road, Lignin’s Array of Applications and More

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) ... We know you can make almost anything out of lignin, so why not a road? And that’s just what happened in the Netherlands with the world’s first test road made from bio-asphalt with lignin.

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One-Step Peracetic Acid Pretreatment of Hardwood and Softwood Biomass for Platform Chemicals Production

Chandan Kundu, Shanthi Priya Samudrala, Mahmud Arman Kibria & Sankar Bhattacharya (Scientific Reports) Lignocellulosic biomass is an attractive renewable resource to produce biofuel or platform chemicals. Efficient and cost-effective conversion systems of lignocellulosic biomass depend on their appropriate pretreatment processes.

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Aemetis Notified of US Forest Service Grant for Patented Process Enabling Use of Waste Wood for the ‘Carbon Zero’ Jet/Diesel Plant

(Aemetis/Globe Newswire)  Finalizing Grant for “Valorizing Forest Waste for Cellulosic Ethanol Production” to Extract Sugars from Waste Forest and Orchard Wood Using Ionic Liquids Technology Licensed Exclusively to Aemetis from DOE-Funded Joint BioEnergy Institute (JBEI) -- Aemetis, Inc. (NASDAQ: AMTX), a

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2021 Project Peer Review—Presentation Database

(U.S. Department of Energy)  The Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) hosted its 2021 Project Peer Review virtually on March 8‒12, 2021; March 15‒16, 2021; and March 22‒26, 2021. Presentations for all sessions can be found in the searchable database below. For more information,

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Praj’s Technology Breakthrough for Producing “Bio-bitumen”

(Praj) Praj Industries India’s most accomplished industrial biotech company has achieved yet another milestone by developing innovative technology to produce Bio-bitumen based on lignin. The Netherlands-based Circular Biobased Delta, one of Europe’s premier consortia to promote bioeconomy, has approved Praj’s Bio-bitumen

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POET+FHRe=HUGE: POET in ‘Exclusive Discussions’ to Buy FHR’s 800m Gallon Portfolio: Advanced Biorefining, Economies of Scale in Focus

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) From South Dakota, The Digest has learned that POET is in exclusive discussions with Flint Hills Resources over the possible acquisition of their biofuels business. Flint Hills Resources is the nation’s fifth-largest bioethanol producer, and this

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cellulase enzymes cellulose cellulosic biofuel Cellulosic biomass cellulosic diesel Cellulosic ethanol cellulosic ethanol price cellulosic feedstock cellulosic production tax credit cellulosic sugars Cellulosic Tax Credit cellulosic waiver credit cement Central African Republic Central America Certificate Program Certificates of Origin (COs) certification certification fuels cesium cetane Chad change in soil condition charging stations CHCJ-5 chemical-looping hydrogen method Chesapeake Bay chicken feathers chickens Chile Chili China chitin chp chromium chufa/cyperus esculents/nutsedge CIA circular economy citrus citrus greening disease Citrus Peel clean air Clean Air Act (CAA) clean diesel Clean Fuel Standard/Policy (CFS) Clean Heat Standards Clean Power Plan (CPP) Clean Trucks Plan Clean Water Act climate change Climate Change Adaptation climate change effects climate change mitigation climate legislation climate smart/conservation agriculture closed-loop system Clostridium thermocellum cloud point clover cmelina CNG Conversion kit co co-generation co-location Co-op Extension co-operative co-processing co-products CO2 Electrolysis CO2 neutral fuels CO2Removal Certificates (CORCs) coal Coal and Biomass to Liquid (CBTL) Coast Guard coastal habitat conservation coastal hay cobalt cock's foot coco coco methyl ester (CME) cocoa Coconut coffee coffee cherries coffee grounds coffee pulp cold flow cold-tolerance college/university Colombia Colorado combined heat and power (CHP) Comment Request commercial flights commercialization commissioning commo Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) commodity trading common reed Community activity community college Community involvement/engagement community scale Community Wood Energy Program competition compliance compliance credits compost Compressed Natural Gas (CNG/R-CNG/bioCNG) compression ratios compression-ignition engine computer simulation concrete condensate Congo Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Connecticut Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP) construction and demolition waste/debris consumer education contamination contest contrails conversion technology Cook Islands cook stoves cooking fuel cooperatives COP21 COP22 COP23 COP24 COP25 COP26 COP27 COP28 COP29 COP30 copper coppice cordgrass corn bran Corn cobs corn ethanol corn fiber corn growers corn harvest corn kernel corn meal corn oil corn oil/distillers corn oil (DCO) corn prices corn stalks corn stover corn supply corn surplus corn syrup corn-based products corn/maize Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards corporate social responsibility corrosion corruption CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) cosmetics Costa Rica cotton cotton seed hulls cotton seed oil cotton stalk cottonwood Council on Environmental Quality county cover crops cow rumen cracking Crambe crassulacean acid metabolism plants (CAM) crimes criteria pollutants Croatia crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude oil Cuba cup plant cuphea currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cusi cutworm caterpillars cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) cylindro Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs d-5 D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D20 (20%DME) D5 (5%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA date kernel oil date palm date palm pits date palm waste Dates DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act deficit definitions deforestation defossilization Dehydration Delaware DeltaWing demonstration demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify density Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security Department of Justice Department of Labor Department of the Interior Department of Transportation (DOT) depolymerization depots dextrose dfdsffsfdfsf diatoms diesel Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) diesel fuel blendstock diesel prices Diesel R5 diesel with renewables diesel-range hydrocarbons diesel-to-biodiesel conversion diethyl ether digital Digital Biology diisobutylene (DIB) dilute acid hydrolysis pretreatment DIN 51605 DIN EN 15376 (Ethanol blending component) direct air capture direct injection direct ocean capture Direct Sugar to Hydrocarbon Conversion (DSHC) direct-to-fuel directed evolution dispense distillates distillation distilled biodiesel distilled palm methyl ester (DPME) distilleries distributed/centralized distribution distribution capacity distribution waiver diversification divestment DME/rDME (dimethyl ether)/renewable DME DMF (2.5-dimethylfuran) Dominican Republic double cropping drawdown Drones/Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) drop-in biofuels/hydrocarbons drought drought tolerant drought-resistant dry ice dual cropping Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E100 E100 conversion kit E11 E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E2 E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E3 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E70 diesel E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency egg shell Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric Vehicle (EV) Prices electric grid electricity electricity price electricity/power generation electricity/power transmission electrocatalysis electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels (e-fuels) electrofuels (e-fuels) prices electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) electrons Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants embargo eminent domain emissions emissions standards EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 EN 228 EN 590 EN228 (standard pump gasoline) end user end-of-life Endangered Species Act (ESA) Energy Bill energy cane energy consumption energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy prices energy reserves Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine Development engine problems Engine/Fuel Co-optimization engineering England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment environmental impact study (EIS) environmental justice/socially inclusive environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Environmentalists Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic depolymerization enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling Enzyme solicitation enzymes EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) Equatorial Guinea equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) etha ethane ethanol ethanol benefits ethanol blend wall ethanol blended diesel ED ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol emissions ethanol ether diesel fuel ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol to gas ethanol tolerance ethanol-fueled aircraft Ethanol-to-Gasoline (ETG) ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/diesel ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethyl levulinate (EL) ethylbenzene ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order executive order--state Extended Range Electric Vehicle (EREV) externalities extremophiles f F Factor F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farmers farming farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation Feedstocks fermentation ferry fertilizer fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) Fischer-Tropsch/FT fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources Forest Service forestry forklifts Formate formic acid fossil carbon fossil fuel Frace fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud free fatty acids (FFA) Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon gallium Gambia games gas prices gas tax/highway user fee gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gasoline-range hydrocarbons Gemany General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Gerrmany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) Intensity giant cane giant kelp Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect Global South global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grain sorghum/milo grain speculators grains GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery green/black economy Greenland GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Guinea Bissau Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP gypsum h Haiti Halophytes harvest site processing harvesting Hawai'i hay hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ HDO-SAK (hydro deoxygenated synthetic aromatic kerosene) health health benefits health effects heat of combustion heat of vaporization heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) high octane low carbon (HOLC) fuel High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 HVO20 HVO30 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrid ships hybrids hydrocarbon fuels Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydroformylation hydrogen aircraft hydrogen carrier hydrogen combustion engines hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen leaks hydrogen pipeline hydrogen pumps/fueling stations hydrogen tax credit hydrogen terminal Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Price hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogenolysis hydropower Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal gasification hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois Illiois illuppai ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indian beech tree Indian grass Indiana indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial burners industrial ethanol industrial gases industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated biorefineries integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine (ICE) internal combustion engine (ICE)/gasoline engine ban International international balance of payments International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Sustainability and Carbon Certification model(ISCC) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit Invvesting ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron iron oxide IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isobutylene isomerisation isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica jamelão Japan jatobá Jatropha Jersey Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 jet B Jetfuel (Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs Joint Office of Energy and Transportation jojoba Jordan JP-10 JP-4 JP-5/NATO F-44 JP-8/NATO F-34 juniper Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kalanchoe kamani Kans grass Kansas Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati knotweed Knowledge Discovery Framework Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kulpa kusum Kuwait Kygryzstan labels labor policy Labrador lactic acid lactose Lake County lamp oil land ownership land prices land rights land subsidence land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy landfill methane Landfills landscape Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead Leadtree leaf ant Lebanon lecithin legislation Legislation-Federal Legislation-State lemna lend-lease Lesotho lesquerella leucaena levulinic acid Liberia Libya licensing lichens life cycle analysis (LCA) light rail lignin Lignin Ethanol Oil (LEO) Lignocellulosic Biofuel lignocellulosic sugars lime Lipid liquefaction liquid liquid petroleum gas (LPG) liquid transportation fuels liquidation Liquified Biogas (LBG) Liquified Biogas (LBG) pumps liquified biomethane (LBM) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logistics long-term contracts Louis Louisiana low c low carbon emissions low carbon octane standard (LCOS) Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel low sulfur fuel low sulfur marine fuel lubricants lumber mill Luxembourg lysis M100 M15 M3 M50 ma macadamia macauba Macedonia machine learning machinery macororo Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona management changes mandates mangaba manganese mango mangrove Manitoba mannose manure maple maps marginal land marine algae Marine Corps Marine Diesel Oil (MDO) Marine Fuel Oil Marine Gas Oil (MGO) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) price Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel Terminal Marine/maritime renewable fuel terminal/bunkering market forces market share marketing markets/sales Mars Marshall Islands Maryland Masdar Institute mass balance standard Massachusetts Master Limited Partnership (MLP) Mauritania Mauritius Mazda meat mechanics training medical waste MEEC membranes mergers and acquisitions mesquite methanation methane leaks methane/biomethane methanization methanol benefits methanol fuel cells methanol price Methanol-to-Jet (MTJ-SPK) Methanol/Biomethanol/Renewable Methanol methylbutenol Mexico Michelin GreenX Challenge Michigan micro-crop microalgae microbial electrosynthesis microbiology microorganisms/microbes microwave Mid-Atlantic Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military reserves military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels milk permeate millennium fruit millet millettia pinnata milo stover mineralization minerals mining Minn Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold molinia molybdenum MON (Motor Octane Number) Monaco Mongolia mongongo monitoring/measuring reporting verifiction (MRV) Montana Montenegro moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles motors MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES2014 MOVES3 (MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator model) Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed mvr Myanmar n-butanol n-butene nahar Namibia nano nano particles nanocatalysts 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Nevada New Brunswick new fuel approval New Guinea New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New South Wales New York New Zealand Newfoundland Newfoundland and Labrador next generation biofuels next generation vehicles NHRA drag racing Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrogen starvation nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota North Korea Northeast northern catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory Northwest Territories Norwary Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds nuclear Nunavut nut shells nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition oak oat hulls oat straw oats Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) Office of Science Technology and Policy (OSTP) Offices of Inspector Generals offtake agreements Ohio oil oil embargo oil exploration oil monopoly oil p oil price parity oil prices oil production oil refineries oil replacement oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil speculators oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes oil/gas terminals Oils Oklahoma olefins oligomerization olive cake olive oil olive pits olive pomace olive water olives Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm ammonia production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing on-site hydrogen production one p one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontaio Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) open fuel standard open pond opportunity zones optimized flex fuel vehicles orange peel orchard grass orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) osage orange OSHA Overseas Private Investment Corporation overview overview/survey course owa oxygen oxygenate ozone Pakistan Palau palm palm biomass palm fatty acid distillate palm fiber palm fronds palm kernel palm kernel oil palm kernel shell palm oil Palm Oil Methyl Ester (PME) palm oil mill effluent (POME) palm oil prices palm trunk sap palm waste Paludiculture/peatland cultivation Panama pandas panic grass papaya paper Papua Indonesia Papua New Guinea paraffins Paraguay Paris Agreement parity partial waiver particulates pasture land Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) patents pathways Paulownia paulownia tree payments peach shell peaches peak oil peak oil demand peanuts/groundnuts peas pectin peela kaner pellet pellets Pennsylvania pennycress/stinkweed pentane pentanol pentose pequi perennial grains perennial grasses Performance permitting Peru pest-tolerance pesticide-tolerance pests pet food petition petroleum pharmaceuticals phase separation Philippines phosphorus photobioreactor photoelectrocatalysis 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RNG tax credit roadmap rocket fuel Romania RON (Research Octane Number) rosin rotation crops Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials (RSB) royalties RP-1 RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber rubber seeds rumen ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Rural Renewable Energy Pilot Program rushes Russia Russian olive rutabaga Rwanda ry rye Rye grass rye straw s saccharification SAF pipeline SAF10 SAF30 SAF40 SAFc (Sustainable Aviation Fuel certificates) Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower sago pond weed SAIC sal tree Salicornia salt water salt-tolerant saltbush saltcedar Samoa Sanctions Santa Monica sardine oil Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Advisory Board (SAB) Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) Science Policy scooters Scotland scum sea level rise seaports seashore mallow seawater seaweed cultivation Seaweed/Macroalgae 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