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RSB Achieves Milestone with the European Commission’s Approval for Co-processing under RED II

(Roundtable for Sustainable Biomaterials) RSB is proud to announce that the European Commission has granted a positive technical assessment for expanding the RSB EU RED Fuels Certification Scheme to include co-processing under the Renewable Energy Directive II (RED II). This approval highlights the important transitory role of

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Renewable Fuel and Agriculture Highlights from President Donald J. Trump's 2nd Inaugural Address

by Joanne Ivancic* (Advanced Biofuels USA)  Writing about newly inaugurated President Donald J. Trump's policies or concerns related to agriculture or, more specifically, to renewable fuels, including biofuels will not take long.  Take a look at the text of his

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Graniferous Millet Emerges as a Strategic Alternative for the Second Harvest in the Cerrado

(Agribusiness Portal (Google translation))  Variety offers high profitability and contributes to increased productivity of subsequent soybeans   -- The 2025 harvest presents significant challenges for producers in the Brazilian Cerrado, especially due to delays in soybean planting in several regions. With a reduced window

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Louis Dreyfus Company Bought a Warehouse in Nueva Palmira (and Wants to Invest 15,000 Hectares in Camelina Cultivation)

by Mathías Buela (InfoNegocios) They had already been renting the facilities for six years to first evaluate their strategic potential; this is not the only investment the company will make in infrastructure. --  Louis Dreyfus Company (LDC) announced the acquisition of a

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Midlands Voices: Higher Ethanol Content in Fuel Is Right for Nebraska and the US

by David Hallberg, Todd Sneller and Larry Pearce (Omaha World Herald)  A new book by pediatrician Debra Hendrickson (“The Air They Breathe: A Pediatrician on the Frontlines of Climate Change”) and a new study from the National Academy of Sciences on

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Biodiesel Plants Shut Down across Iowa

by Brent Barnett (Brownfield Ag News)  The head of the Iowa Renewable Fuels Association says several biodiesel plants have idled across the state.  Monte Shaw tells Brownfield the plants stopped production after the blenders tax credit ended on December 31st. “They were

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Ecostrat and New Energy Risk Awarded InnSure’s Insurance Innovation Prize, Recognized for Partnership to Develop Feedstock Supply Insurance

(Ecostrat)   Ecostrat, a leader in assessing, developing, optimizing and managing biomass supply chains, and New Energy Risk (“NER”), a wholly owned division of Paragon Insurance Group and leading provider of customized technology performance insurance solutions for energy transition projects, have been selected

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Green Plains Announces 100% of Rights of Way Acquired on ‘Advantage Nebraska’ Carbon Capture Project with Lateral Construction Underway

(Green Plains) Green Plains Inc. (NASDAQ:GPRE) today announced that key milestones for the ‘Advantage Nebraska’ carbon strategy have been met and the project remains on track for operation in the second half of 2025. These facilities are expected to be among

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Biofuels Bills Introduced at Statehouse to Boost Farmer Income, Save Consumers Money

by Eric Pfeiffer  (Hoosier Ag Today)  Several bills impacting agriculture have been introduced at the Statehouse. A couple of bills Indiana farmers should be closely following along with us here at Hoosier Ag Today are House Bill 1127 from Allen County Representative Dave

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Growth Energy Releases Federal Policy Roadmap to Revitalize Rural America and Unleash American Energy Dominance

(Growth Energy)  Growth Energy, the nation’s largest biofuel trade association, released a roadmap to revitalize rural America today, identifying specific policy goals and actions the 119th Congress and the incoming Trump administration should take to unleash American energy dominance through the expanded use of

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The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to Jupeng Bio

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This presentation deck is an overview of Jupeng Bio, a company specializing in biomass gasification and syngas fermentation to produce sustainable biofuels and other valuable products. The text traces the company’s history from its roots in

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Be8 Begins Construction of New Ethanol Plant

(Biofuels International)  On 14 August, Be8 announced the start of construction of its new ethanol plant - the first large-scale facility in the state producing biofuel from cereals and the first vital gluten production plant in Brazil. Be8 is a global renewable

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U.S. Department of Energy Releases 45ZCF-GREET and 45VH2-GREET Update

(U.S. Department of Energy) Today, the U.S. Department of Energy released the 45ZCF-GREET model. This announcement follows the U.S. Department of the Treasury and Internal Revenue Service guidance on the Clean Fuels Production Credit (section 45Z) released on January 10,

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Now Available! Feedstock-Conversion Interface Consortium Capstone Report

(U.S. Department of Energy) The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) released the Feedstock-Conversion Interface Consortium (FCIC) Capstone Report. The report summarizes the FCIC’s goals, research activities, and achievements over the past three years. The U.S. Department of Energy

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Montana Renewables Announces Closing of $1.44 Billion DOE Loan Facility for Renewable Fuels and Biomass Energy Facility

(Calumet/PR Newswire)  Initial loan proceeds of $782 million expected to be funded this month and balance of proceeds funded through planned construction period; DOE loan guarantee facilitates expansion of Sustainable Aviation Fuel capacity to 300 million gallons per year  --   Calumet, Inc. (NASDAQ: CLMT) ("Calumet," "we,"

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WTO Panel Issues Report Regarding EU Measures Affecting Palm Oil, Biofuels from Indonesia

(World Trade Organization) On 10 January, the WTO circulated the panel report in the case brought by Indonesia in “European Union — Certain measures concerning palm oil and oil palm crop-based biofuels” (DS593)  READ MORE ... Summary of Key Findings: With regard to the

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BNDES Approves R$480 Million for CMAA to Expand Ethanol and Energy Production and Modernize Industrial Units

(National Bank for Economic and Social Development (BNDES)) R$220 million in financing from the Climate Fund is earmarked for increasing the production of sugarcane ethanol and energy from biomass; With R$260 million from BNDES Machinery and Services, the Vale do Pontal, Vale

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ARPA-E Announces $38 Million to Develop New Technologies to Reduce Ethanol-Related Emissions while Lowering Farmers’ Operating Costs

(U.S. Department of Energy ARPA-E) Program aims to reduce need for synthetic nitrogen fertilizer in corn and sorghum crop production -- Today (January 10, 2025), the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E) announced $38 million for 9 projects

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The Process of Producing Ethanol from Agriculture

by Michelle Miller (Farm Babe/Ag Daily)  Ethanol, a renewable biofuel, plays a significant role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions (U.S. corn ethanol has 44 percent to 52 percent lower GHG emissions than gasoline, according to the Department of Energy) and decreasing reliance on

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Canada Markets: Why US Clean Fuels Policy May Mean Even Higher Canola Oil Imports

by Mitch Miller (DTN Progressive Farmer) While there are many questions left to be answered by the incoming Trump administration's final rule, the United States Department of the Treasury and the IRS felt confident enough to issue short-term guidance on the

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The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to the Corn to Chemicals Summit

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This presentation deck details the proceedings of the 2024 Corn to Chemicals Summit, highlighting efforts to increase demand for corn by exploring new uses beyond traditional applications like ethanol, feed, and export. The summit features the

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Can Sustainable Aviation Fuel Propel Agriculture to New Heights?

by Damian Mason (The Business of Agriculture Podcast) Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) could become a game-changer for production agriculture, driving a surge in demand for corn and soybeans—two crops currently facing significant oversupply challenges. But will SAF truly take off? What

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U.S. Department of the Treasury Releases Guidance on Clean Fuels Production Credit Public Comments DEADLINE TBD

(U.S. Department of Treasury) Guidance will help lower transportation costs for consumers and make America a leader in decarbonizing aviation industry and heavy transport -- Today, the U.S. Department of the Treasury (Treasury) and Internal Revenue Service (IRS) are releasing guidance on

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STX Group Expands Its Biofuels Business With Strategic Acquisition of Marine Olie

(STX Group)  STX Group, a leading environmental commodities and climate solutions firm, today announces the acquisition of Marine Olie, a leading trader of waste-based advanced feedstocks. This strategic acquisition strengthens STX Group’s position in the biofuels value chain and supports the

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Bayer Acquires Camelina Assets from Smart Earth Camelina Corp. to Advance Biofuels

(Bayer) The companies have closed a deal where Bayer acquires camelina germplasm and intellectual property assets from Smart Earth Camelina Corp. to meet growing demand for renewable fuel / With the addition of camelina crops to Bayer’s portfolio, Bayer expands its

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Indonesia Curbs Exports of Used Cooking Oil, Palm Residue to Help Domestic Users

by Bernadette Christina (Reuters)   Indonesia has clamped down on exports of used cooking oil (UCO) and palm oil residue to ensure supply to domestic cooking oil and biodiesel industries, the government said in a new regulation on Wednesday. The step by the

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Illuminating the Elements Under Our Feet

(U.S. Department of Energy)  Using a unique measurement tool, researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory have expanded our knowledge of the elements in soil and plants. -- A vast field of tall, skinny trees sways in a light breeze. In the future,

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Neste and Bayer to Collaborate on Developing Novel Vegetable Oils from Regenerative Agriculture Concepts

(Neste) Neste and Bayer, a global enterprise with core competencies in the life science fields of health care and agriculture, have signed a memorandum of understanding aimed at developing a winter canola ecosystem in the U.S, including identifying partners and developing

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BNDES Approves 1 Billion Reais for Raízen to Produce Second-Generation Ethanol

( Raízen/bnamericas (machine translation)) The National Bank for Economic and Social Development (BNDES) approved financing totaling R$1 billion for Raízen Energia S/A to build a second-generation Cellulosic Ethanol Unit, E2G, in Andradina (SP), with an installed production capacity of up to 82

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The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to Aemetis

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This presentation highlights Aemetis, Inc.’s (AMTX) strategy for becoming a leading producer of below-zero carbon intensity renewable fuels and natural gas. The company aims to replace high-carbon intensity petroleum products with sustainable alternatives like renewable natural

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Estimates of Sustainable Aviation Fuel Production Capacity at U.S. Renewable Diesel Plants Through 2026

by Maria Gerveni, Scott Irwin, Todd Hubbs and Steven Ramsey (farmdoc daily)  ... However, there is only one feasible pathway at the present time for ramping up SAF production quickly.  This is through the conversion of part, or all, of the production

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Idemitsu to Begin Trial of Non-edible Oilseed Crop for Aviation Fuel

by Yuka Obayashi (Reuters)  Idemitsu Kosan (5019.T) will begin a trial plantation of the non-edible oilseed tree crop Pongamia in Australia from mid-January to assess its potential as a feedstock for sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), Japan's No.2 crude oil refiner said on Thursday. The

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US Department of Energy and US Environmental Protection Agency Announce $6M to Support Development of Advanced Biofuels

(U.S. Department of Energy)  Today, Jan. 8, the U.S. Department of Energy Bioenergy Technologies Office and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency announced $6 million in funding for three projects that will advance biofuel development and support U.S. leadership in energy and emissions innovation. Funded through the Inflation Reduction

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Gevo and Sustainable Marine Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This presentation deck showcases Gevo’s strategy for producing sustainable fuels and chemicals. The presentation deck highlights Gevo’s commitment to a low-carbon business system, encompassing multiple aspects. The first section focuses on Gevo’s expanding footprint, showcasing their

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Oil Made from Sugarcane Could Reduce Aviation Emissions by 50%, Says Study

( g1 Campinas and Region and EPTV (Google Translation))  Researchers from the National Biorenewables Laboratory (LNBR) of the National Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), in Campinas (SP) , discovered that sustainable fuel made from microbial oil derived from sugarcane has the

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Legislators Want Verification of Used Cooking Oil Imports

by Jody Heemstra (DRG News)  Senators Chuck Grassley and Joni Ernst of Iowa joined bipartisan colleagues in demanding answers from the Environmental Protection Agency regarding used cooking oil imports. The lawmakers want information on the agency’s process for verifying the authenticity

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Back to Our Roots: This Year the Ethanol Industry Will Celebrate the 20-Year Anniversary of the Renewable Fuel Standard

by Geoff Cooper (Renewable Fuels Association/Ethanol Producer Magazine) This year the ethanol industry will celebrate the 20-year anniversary of the Renewable Fuel Standard, the most transformative and influential public policy in our industry’s long and storied history. But we’ll do more

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Japanese Media Team Visits US to Learn about Ethanol Value Chain

(U.S. Grains Council) The U.S. Grains Council (USGC) welcomed reporters from Japan’s key nationwide news groups to visit with and interview ethanol stakeholders to gain perspective on the future of Japan’s ethanol market. This team arrived (in December 2024) shortly after Japan’s

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Thai Palm Oil Mills to Support Farmers in Achieving RSPO Sustainability Standards

by Alan Sherrard (Bioenergy International)  To elevate sustainable oil palm production in Thailand to international standards, the Palm Oil Extraction Association, Surat Thani Provincial Agricultural Council, Surat Thani Oil Palm Farmers Association, and the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) have

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Missouri Agricultural and Small Business Development Authority Announces Biofuel Infrastructure Funding

(Missouri Department of Agriculture) Funds will generate more capacity for biofuels in Missouri. -- The Missouri Agricultural and Small Business Development Authority (MASBDA) announced it has invested nearly $3.4 million in projects that increase the distribution and use of higher blends of ethanol and

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Exporters Vying with Biodiesel for Dwindling Coconut Supply

by Adrian H. Halili (Business World) The biodiesel industry is competing for the limited supply of coconuts, crowding out exporters of products like coconut oil and coconut water, industry officials said. “The recent increase in the country’s biodiesel requirement may possibly divert

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Civil Aviation and Sustainability in Brazil: The Role of Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF)

by Jefferson dos Santos Estevo, Laís Forti Thomaz, and Amanda Duarte Gondim (Brazilian Journal of Transport) This article examines the development and utilization of Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) in Brazil, highlighting their potential and current progress. Civil aviation accounts for

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Comstock Fuels Executes License Agreement with Gresham's Eastern, LTD

(Comstock Fuels) Bringing Renewable Fuel Production to Pakistan with Sustainable Biomass Refining Solutions --  Comstock Inc. (NYSE: LODE) (“Comstock” and the “Company”) today announced the execution of a binding agreement between Comstock Fuels Corporation (“Comstock Fuels”) and Gresham’s Eastern (Pvt) Ltd (“Gresham’s”),

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UAS Researchers Discover a New Species of the Jatropha Genus in the State of Sinaloa, between Mazatlán and San Ignacio

(Autonomous University of Sinaloa (google translation)) A group of researchers from the Faculty of Biology of the Autonomous University of Sinaloa, the National Polytechnic Institute, the Interdisciplinary Center for Research for Regional Integral Development, of Durango and from Universities for Well-being

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Replicating Success: ClonBio Group Ltd. Is Taking Its Biorefinery Build-out Strategies Proven in Tolna County, Hungary, and Applying Them in Jefferson County, Wisconsin.

by Luke Geiver (Ethanol Producer Magazine) ... The European Union’s largest ethanol producer acquired a former Valero corn ethanol production facility in Jefferson in 2022 and has already made progress in reshaping the 100-year-old site through more than $450 million in

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Did Biodiesel Fail? Here's What Happened to the Renewable Fuel

by Cassidy Ward (Slash Gear) ... Over the last 20 years or so, biodiesel and other biofuels have been touted as a potential replacement or supplement for conventional petroleum based gasoline fuels. In some forms, biodiesel is compatible with a wide

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Brazil MME Announces the Selection F 12 Projects for the Creation of Hydrogen Hubs

(Brazil Energy Insight) The Ministry of Mines and Energy (MME) announced the selection of 12 low-carbon hydrogen hub projects for the decarbonization of Brazilian industry. The projects chosen in the public call notice were presented by the following companies: CSN Group,

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Bihar: Nine Ethanol Plants Expected to Set up in State

(ChiniMandi) In Bihar, a large number of factories are being set up, creating numerous employment opportunities across the state. By 2026, nine new ethanol plants are expected to be established, which will help boost ethanol production in the state. These new

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Gidara Energy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This presentation deck is a presentation for Langerak-Gidara Energy, a company advocating for the use of High-Temperature Winkler (HTW®) gasification technology to create sustainable fuels and chemicals. The presentation deck highlights the global urgency to achieve

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Comstock Fuels Executes License Agreement with Gresham's Eastern Ltd

(Comstock) Bringing Renewable Fuel Production to Pakistan with Sustainable Biomass Refining Solutions -- Comstock Inc. (NYSE: LODE) ("Comstock” and the "Company”) today announced the execution of a binding agreement between Comstock Fuels Corporation ("Comstock Fuels”) and Gresham's Eastern (Pvt) Ltd ("Gresham's”), a

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Design Study Continues for Tk'emlups Biofuel Refinery Expected to Cost Morth of $1B

by Kristen Holliday (Castanet) While price estimates are still being refined, a large-scale fuel plant proposed for the Tk’emlups reserve could cost more than $1 billion. Azure Sustainable Fuels Corp. is partnering with Tk’emlups te Secwepemc and Sc.wenwen Economic Development Corporation on

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The Circular Bioeconomy: A Driver for System Integration

by Fabian Schipfer, Pralhad Burli, Uwe Fritsche, Christiane Hennig, Fabian Stricker, Maria Wirth, Svetlana Proskurina & Sebastian Serna-Loaiza  (Energy, Sustainability and Society) Human and earth system modeling, traditionally centered on the interplay between the energy system and the atmosphere, are facing a

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Feeding High Pressure Reactors

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This presentation deck presents a compelling argument for the Jen-Zero technology, which Jenike, a company specializing in bulk solids handling, has developed to solve the critical challenge of reliably feeding biomass and municipal solid waste (MSW)

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Falls City Earns State Recognition for Industry, Housing Growth

(Nebraska Department of Economic Development)  For the past 15 years, the city has earned recognition as an Economic Development Certified Community. -- Partnerships to develop housing and attract investment into Nebraska’s bioeconomy have earned Falls City (pop. 4,045) recognition from the State

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BRPL Launches E-20 Ethanol Blend in Assam

(HUB Network)  Indian Oil’s Bongaigaon Refinery (BGR), located in Dhaligaon, Chirang district, has achieved a major milestone with the official launch of E-20, a petrol blend containing 20% ethanol. This groundbreaking initiative, unveiled on December 25, was spearheaded by NK Barua,

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Future of Scottish Oil Refinery Linked to Biofuels Investment

by Simeon Kerr (Financial Times/MSN) A blueprint aiming to secure the future of Grangemouth, Scotland’s only oil refinery which is due to close next year, is set to turn the facility into a biofuels manufacturing hub for processing trees, crops and

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Deputy CM Pawan Orders Probe Into ‘Hazardous’ Effluent Discharge by Universal Biofuels

by Sri Krishna Kumara (Deccan Chronicle) Deputy Chief Minister Pawan Kalyan on Sunday directed the Pollution Control Board (PCB) to conduct inspections at Universal Biofuels in Vakalapudi industrial area in Kakinada district following allegations of hazardous industrial effluent discharge there. Complaints are

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2024 Saw Rapid Growth for Biodiesel, Renewable Diesel

(Clean Fuels Alliance America) The U.S. is on pace to surpass 5 billion gallons of biodiesel and renewable diesel consumption for the first time, capping a 2024 that saw increased efforts from states to drive adoption, updates to technical standards, growth

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More Sustainable Tires in Sight as PNNL and Bridgestone Team Up

by JoAnna Wendel (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory)  In a three-year pilot study, researchers will work to scale up a catalytic process to commercial viability -- In the near future, rubber tires on cars, trucks, airplanes and more could be made from plant

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Grain-based Ethanol Units to Gain as New Corn Variety with More Starch in Offing

By Prabhudatta Mishra  (The Hindu Business Line) Simultaneously, research is on to develop varieties having at least 40% or above ethanol content from current 38% -- The specifications in corn seeds are set for a change as government is planning to incorporate

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Montana Renewables Receives Approval of Excise Tax Registration

(Calumet/PR Newswire) Montana Renewables, LLC announced today that it has received approval of its Excise Tax Registration from the Internal Revenue Service. Registration is the first step toward allowing the business to claim clean fuel Production Tax Credits (PTC) for existing

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Nufarm Announces a New Joint Development Agreement with bp on Biomass Oil Technology for Future Bioenergy Applications

(Nufarm) -- New agreement with bp that aims to accelerate the production of yet another lower-carbon plant-based biofuel feedstock to help meet the growing demand for sustainable aviation fuel (SAF).  -- Partnership brings together complementary skillsets to drive technology development at

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Development and Deployment of Advanced Biofuel Demonstration Facilities

(International Energy Agency Bioenergy Task 39) Decarbonizing the transport sector is critical for achieving global climate and energy targets due to its significant contribution to greenhouse gas emissions and reliance on fossil fuels. Biofuels, in particular advanced biofuels, play a particularly

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Carinata Studies Continue to Expand with Hopes of Powering a Sustainable Future

by Gabriella Chavez (WUFT) Researchers in Florida are continuing to study an oilseed that could be used as aviation jet fuel. After over a decade of research, agronomists and researchers at UF/IFAS are continuing to assess the performance of carinata, basing their

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ABEPL Develops Comprehensive Bamboo Sourcing and Processing for Ethanol Production in Assam

(ChiniMandi) Assam Bio Ethanol Private Limited (ABEPL), a joint venture between Numaligarh Refinery Limited (NRL) and two Finnish companies, will begin sourcing bamboo from 18 districts in Assam, including Sivasagar, during the first phase of its ethanol production operations. To facilitate

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Test Protocol to Assess the Technical Feasibility of Blending 30% Ethanol into Gasoline Is Approved

(DATAGRO) Current blend content is 27%; research will be conducted by the Mauá Institute of Technology between January and February 2025 -- A meeting coordinated by the Ministry of Mines and Energy (MME) approved, this Wednesday (18), the test protocol to assess

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Union Minister Nitin Gadkari Urges Sugar Industry to Diversify into Ethanol, Green Hydrogen

(PTI/The Pioneer) Road, Transport and Highways Minister Nitin Gadkari on Thursday called upon the sugar industry to explore multiple avenues for diversification, including ethanol-diesel blending and green hydrogen production. Addressing the annual general meeting of the Indian Sugar and Bio-Energy Manufacturers Association

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Haffner Energy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)   This is a an overview from Haffner Energy, a cleantech provider specializing in biomass-to-energy solutions. It highlights their technology, SAFnoca®, which uses residual biomass to produce sustainable aviation fuel (SAF). SAFnoca is designed to be

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India Holds Potential to Produce Sustainable Aviation Fuel: IATA Official

(Press Trust of India/Business Standard)  India has the potential to be a key producer of sustainable aviation fuel by utilising its ethanol supplies and availability of lipids feedstocks like non-edible industrial oils, according to a senior official at the global airlines'

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The Transition to Sustainable Aviation Fuel: Understanding Demand Response to Jet Fuel Price Changes

by Sohyeon Ryu and Joe Janzen (farmdoc daily)  ... Such policy aims to reduce emissions created by jet fuel use by encouraging a switch to lower-emission sustainable aviation fuels (SAF) made from plant biomass, vegetable oils, sugars, and alcohols including ethanol.

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Not Toyota, not Hyundai: This Asian Carmaker Will Create the Engine that No One Has Dared to

by More M. (The Diary 24)  Nissan has always been a leader in the automotive sector, but its most recent invention has the potential to completely change how engines are produced and utilised. In a daring step towards efficiency and sustainability, the company

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Researchers Unlock Potential of Desert Plants for Cleaner Efficient Energy

(Canterbury Christ Church University)  Researchers have found a more sustainable way to produce energy using plants that can survive in dry conditions such as deserts. These drought-tolerant plants, also known as arid plants, could help create cleaner and more efficient biofuels on

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SAMSUNG E&A Wins USD 955 Million Contract for a Biorefinery in Malaysia

(SAMSUNG E&A)  SAMSUNG E&A, a total solutions provider for the global energy industry, announced today that it secured the contract for a biorefinery that will have the capability to produce Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) and other biofuels such as Renewable Diesel

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USDA Strengthens Climate-Smart Ag Opportunities with New Crop-Insurance Flexibilities

(U.S. Department of Agriculture/Biobased Diesel Daily)  In support of climate-smart efforts to expand renewable fuel sources, USDA’s Risk Management Agency announced Dec. 18 additional insurance options for soybeans planted behind domesticated pennycress in Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Missouri, Ohio and Tennessee. Domesticated pennycress

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Soil and Water Outcomes Fund Receives Support from Chevron Renewable Energy Group for Climate-Smart Agriculture Advancement

(Soil and Water Outcomes Fund) The Soil and Water Outcomes Fund, a leading agricultural ecosystem services program, is proud to announce they successfully began a pilot project with Chevron Renewable Energy Group, a wholly owned subsidiary of Chevron Corporation, as part

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BDI technology Enters Chinese Market

(Reickerman/Biobased Diesel Daily)  The recent 2024 Global Biofuel Focus Conference marked a significant milestone for Rieckermann, as the company announced that technologies from BDI-BioEnergy International, a company Rieckermann co-owns, are now officially available on the Chinese market through the group. The announcement

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New Study Shows Miscanthus’ Greater Potential for Productivity, Economic Returns

(Iowa State University)  New research at Iowa State University shows that using advanced planting techniques can triple the amount of biomass produced by the perennial, bioenergy crop miscanthus in its establishment year. This would significantly increase the plant’s potential to store

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Govt May Reduce Reserve Sale Price for Rice for Ethanol Production

by Sandip Das (Financial Express) No takers for FCI stocks among grain based distilleries. Given the high rice stocks, the government is discussing a reduction in the reserve sale prices of broken rice offered to grain-based distilleries for ethanol manufacturing from the

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Viewpoint: US Tax Fight Next Year Crucial for 45Z

by Cole Martin (Argus Media)  ... The 45Z tax credit, which offers greater subsidies to fuels that produce fewer emissions, is poised to kick off in January. ...  Biofuels support is a less likely target for repeal than other climate policies, energy lobbyists

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Fueling the Future: The Role of Renewable Fuels in the Grain Industry

(Grain Elevator and Processing Society) In this insightful episode of the Whole Grain Podcast, host Jim Lenz sits down with Robert White, Vice President of Industry Relations and Market Development at the Renewable Fuels Association (RFA). With decades of experience in

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'Prairie Strips' Bring Beauty to Farms with Big Environmental Benefits

(NBC News) Farmers in Iowa have added “prairie strips” alongside rows of corn and soybeans to help halt serious environmental challenges inherent to farming. Prairie strips now cover some 22,000 acres in the U.S. and are growing in popularity each

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U.S. Department of Energy Issues Notice of Intent to Fund Research and Development to Advance Biofuels and Bioproducts

(U.S. Department of Energy) The U.S. Department of Energy’s Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) today (December 16, 2024) announced their intent to issue funding to support high-impact research and development (R&D) projects in two priority areas: sustainable propane and renewable chemicals and algal system

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Biogas CO2 Sources Represent Specific Opportunities

by Sam A. Rushing (Advanced Cryogenics/Biofuels Digest) In some world markets, biogas is the common source of methane, otherwise thought of as, and called natural gas. Such is used to heat our homes, supply industry with a combustible fuel, and a

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Commodities 2025: Brazil's Ethanol Industry at a Crossroads in 2025

By Vinicius Damazio (S&P Global)  Internal competition, growing mandate, EU-Mercosur trade deal in focus; Higher debt, caution from key players suggests conservative growth; Uncertainty around US trade policies, EU deal boosts export prospects --  Brazil's ethanol market is heading into 2025 at a pivotal

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Spotlight on India’s Biofuel Market: It’s All about the Sugar

by James Primrose (Stillwater Associates) India’s is the world’s fifth largest biofuels market. After a period of lackluster growth in the late 2000s and early 2010s and failure to achieve mandated targets, political interest in biofuels has significantly increased, driven by

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Secondary Impacts from Rising Used Cooking Oil Demand on Crop-Oil Prices

by Andrew Swanson, Shawn Arita, Joseph Cooper, and Seth Meyer (farmdoc daily)  Renewable fuel policies like the national Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) and California’s Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) have created a boom in the consumption of alternative diesels. These alternative diesels come

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Pricing of Ethanol Blends at the Pump Differs in the Short Term Compared with the Long Term

by Simla Tokgoz  (U.S. Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service)  By law, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) sets targets for blending renewable fuels such as ethanol with traditional transportation fuels to implement the mandates set by the Energy Independence and

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Guidance -- The SAF Mandate: An Essential Guide

(U.K. Department for Transport) What is sustainable aviation fuel?  Sustainable aviation fuels (SAF) are fuels that reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from aviation over their lifecycle when compared to standard jet fuel. SAF can be made from a variety of feedstocks and can be

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Radicle Growth and the Radicle Challenge

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Radicle is a platform dedicated to promoting innovative and sustainable uses for corn. They have launched the Radicle Challenge, a global competition designed to identify and support entrepreneurs developing new technologies for corn. The challenge focuses

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Aemetis Registrations Approved by the IRS for 45Z Production Tax Credits

(Aemetis) Renewable Natural Gas production expected to increase by 80% to 550,000 MMBtu of RNG per year, generating PTC’s under the Inflation Reduction Act starting January 1, 2025  – Aemetis, Inc. (NASDAQ: AMTX), a renewable natural gas and renewable fuels company focused

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Kilang Pertamina Internasional Expands Green Fuel Efforts with Used Cooking Oil Processing at Cilacap Refinery

(Kilang Pertamina Internasional) PT Kilang Pertamina Internasional (KPI) is taking significant steps to produce more environmentally friendly fuel products, marked by its recent partnership to process used cooking oil (UCO). In early December, KPI President Director Taufik Aditiyawarman and Heru Fidiyanto,

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Sustainable Aviation Fuels Studies Take Flight

(Australian Renewable Energy Agency)  The Australian Renewable Energy Agency (ARENA) is looking to cut emissions in Australia’s skies, with up to $14.1 million in funding for two projects from its Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) Funding Initiative. ARENA is providing $8 million in

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Gevo

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This presentation deck from Gevo  emphasizes the company’s commitment to reducing carbon emissions by creating “carbon abatement” through their innovative processes. Their “Net Zero 1” project is a prime example, aiming to produce drop-in sustainable aviation

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Fueling the Future of Aviation

by Michelle Klieger (Seed World) Sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) production and infrastructure has developed slower than anticipated.  While global production is expected to triple this year, generating upwards of 500 million gallons, availability and affordability have been constant obstacles for the fledgling industry

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US Funding Bill Includes Plan to Allow Year-Round E15 Gasoline Sales

Stephanie Kelly and Jarrett Renshaw (Reuters)  A U.S. government funding bill released on Tuesday included a plan that would allow year-round sales of gasoline with a higher ethanol blend, a major win for the corn and ethanol lobbies. The inclusion would mark

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Sizing Up Biofuels Future in Trump EPA

by Todd Neeley (DTN Progressive Farmer)  Biofuels Groups Size Up EPA Under Second Trump Administration, Seek RFS Help -- While agriculture and biofuels groups are trying to get a handle on where Lee Zeldin stands on biofuels, Sen. Pete Ricketts, R-Neb., said

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A Roadmap for Land in Carbon Removal: Activating Farms, Ranches, and Forests as Carbon Sinks

by Cristel Zoebisch, Dr. Gretchen Kroh, and Mary Olive (Carbon 180) The soil beneath our feet and biomass on lands are a powerful carbon sink, second only to our oceans. Farms, forests, wetlands, and other land-based systems remove and store 25%

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Godavari Biorefineries Limited Announces Investment in a New Corn/Grain-Based Distillery to Enhance Ethanol Production

(Godavari Biorefineries)  Strategic Investment of approximately ₹130 Crore to Boost Ethanol Capacity with Dual-Feedstock Flexibility, Aligning with India’s Green Energy Goals. Mumbai, December 16, 2024: Godavari Biorefineries Limited (GBL) (BSE: Script Code 544279 | NSE: GODAVARIB), a pioneer in renewable chemicals and biofuels,

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to NetZero Industries and Revolutionizing renewable diesel

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This presentation deck presents a plan to revolutionize the renewable diesel industry, focusing on combating climate change through the development of more sustainable and cost-effective biofuels. The presentation deck outlines the environmental and economic urgency for

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Unlocking Renewable Natural Gas as a Viable Feedstock for SAF Production

by David Minguez, Thomas S. Christensen and Sandra Winter-Madsen (Topsoe/Biofuels Digest)  The aviation industry’s push toward net-zero emissions by 2050 has placed Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) at the center of its decarbonization efforts. While feedstock availability remains a critical challenge, Renewable

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Grain Sorghum: Economic Potential and Technological Innovations Boost Planted Area in Brazil

(IHARA)  With an expanding market, sorghum stands out for its versatility, providing economic benefits for both farmers and Brazilian agribusiness  --  Sorghum, one of the most cultivated cereals in the world, continues to gain prominence in Brazil, with the planted area growing

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Drax and Pathway Energy Agree Heads of Terms on Sustainable Biomass Deal to Supply New US SAF Plant

(Drax) UK-based renewable energy leader Drax Group (Drax), and Pathway Energy LLC (Pathway), a carbon negative energy company, have reached heads of terms on a multi-year deal that could see Drax supply over 1 million tonnes of sustainable biomass pellets each

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Domestic Next-Gen Feedstocks: Revolutionizing the Bioeconomy (Parts 1 and 2)

by Jennifer Kaplan (LEC Partners/Biofuels Digest) Imagine a bioeconomy where sustainability is a fundamental prerequisite. While we have made much progress on bioeconomy technology, the challenges of developing verifiably “sustainable” feedstock remains a challenge. The fact remains that to achieve the promise

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Planes Powered by Corn? Michigan Could Spur Airlines toward Greener Fuels

by Lucas Smolcic Larson (Michigan Live)  ... A proposed law introduced last year by East Lansing Democratic state Sen. Sam Singh, Senate Bill 447, would subsidize in-state purchases of the fuel for flights leaving Michigan with a tax credit of between $1.50 and

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Mason City, Iowa Issued BDO Zone ‘A’ Rating for Corn Stover

(Bioeconomy Development Opportunity Zone Initiative) The North Iowa Corridor Economic Development Corporation, Ecostrat and the BDO Zone Initiative are pleased to announce the issue of an investment grade BDO Zone ‘A’ Rating for Mason City, Iowa. Mason City’s BDO Zone rating for 1,400,000 bone dry tons

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Iogen

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  This presentation deck, given by Iogen CEO Brian Foody at the ABLC Next 2024 conference, focused on the future of second-generation biofuels. The presentation begins by highlighting Iogen’s pioneering role in developing and commercializing cellulosic ethanol

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Biofuel Struggles to Gain Traction in the Americas

by Debarati Bhattacharjee (Engine) While some ports offer biofuel blends, infrastructure remains limited compared to that of conventional fuels. Supply is confined to a few locations, and logistics often depend on trucks or third-party arrangements rather than dedicated facilities or barges.

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Landmark Photosynthesis Gene Discovery Boosts Plant Height, Advances Crop Science

(U.S. Department of Agriculture/Oak Ridge National Laboratory/EurekAlert!)  A team of scientists with two Department of Energy Bioenergy Research Centers — the Center for Bioenergy Innovation, or CBI, at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and the Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation,

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Prioritizing Sustainable Aviation Fuel Production in South Korea Could Benefit the Domestic Economy and Global Decarbonization Efforts

(Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis (IEEFA))   South Korea can lead the sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) industry with its advanced recycling system and above-average waste recycling rate -- A new report by the Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis (IEEFA) highlights

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CAER, State Energy & Environment Cabinet Launch Sustainable Aviation Fuel Study Survey DEADLINE December 31, 2024

by Dave Melanson (University of Kentucky)  The University of Kentucky Center for Applied Energy Research (CAER) and the Kentucky Energy and Environment Cabinet (EEC) are launching a survey as part of a collaborative Biomass Feedstock for Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) Project, which is funded by

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Climate-Smart Farming Proposal Heads to White House Review

by Marc Heller (Politico Pro Climatewire) An important element of a forthcoming clean energy tax credit is advancing as the Biden administration runs against the clock. -- A key part of the Biden administration’s plan to connect biofuel policy to climate-smart farming

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From Europe’s Farms to Europe’s Future: How Ethanol Can Help Fuel EU Strategic Autonomy

by David Carpintero (ePURE/Ethanol Producer Magazine) ... Now that this drive for strategic autonomy and economic resilience is becoming even more vital, it’s clear that the European Union will have to make better use of domestic assets such as ethanol biorefineries. These

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The Case for Conversion: Gevo Inc. Expects to Acquire Red Trail Energy Assets

by Luke Geiver (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Gevo Inc. expects to close early this year on a deal to acquire the ethanol production and carbon capture and storage assets of Red Trail Energy LLC in Richardton, North Dakota, for $210 million. Gevo

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Unceasing Innovation: Yeast Suppliers to the Ethanol Sector

by Luke Geiver (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Yeast suppliers to the ethanol sector have steadily released new and improved products to better match the needs and wants of the industry. Using third-party yeast developers capable of selecting, testing or altering strains with

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Corn’s Next Step Change

by Lisa Gibson (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  ... Developing a corn hybrid traditionally takes seven to 10 years, simply because of the nature of scalability generation to generation—it takes two generations to plant just one acre, Schnable says. But the enormous database

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U.S. Department of Energy Announces $52 Million in Projects to Advance Production of Purpose-Grown Energy Crops

(U.S. Department of Energy) The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) has announced $52 million in funding for six university and industry projects to advance the production of low carbon intensity, purpose-grown energy crops critical to accelerating a clean energy

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BETO Selects 13 Small Businesses to Develop Innovative Bio-Based Products and Biomass Processing Technologies

(U.S. Department of Energy) The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) announced awards for the FY24 Phase I Release 2 of the Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) and Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) program. Across DOE, 229 projects in 39 states received $52 million to pursue clean

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Adkins Energy Announces Partnership to Revolutionize Ethanol Production with CO2 Capture and Conversion Technology in America’s Heartland

(Real Carbon Tech/Adkins Energy)  Adkins Energy, LLC announced today a groundbreaking partnership with a global technology developer specializing in CO2 capture and conversion systems. This collaboration positions Adkins to enhance profitability of its core ethanol products, extend the operational lifespan of

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USDA Submits Rule on Biofuel Feedstocks

(Agri-Pulse)  USDA has submitted an interim final rule relating to the type of climate-smart agriculture crops used for biofuels. The rule, entitled “Technical Guidelines for Climate-Smart Agriculture Crops Used for Biofuel Feedstocks,” was submitted Friday (December 6, 2024). No additional details

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Synthetic Biology Techniques Significantly Increase Purity of Specialized Plant Oils

(Kansas State University/Phys.Org)  Some of the more commonly known and grown oilseed crops in the U.S. have long been canola, soybeans and sunflowers, but a breakthrough by Kansas State University biochemists could lead to the cover crops pennycress and camelina also

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Grain Sorghum: Economic Potential and Technological Innovations Boost Planted Area in Brazil

(IHARA (Google Translation)) With an expanding market, sorghum stands out for its versatility, providing economic benefits for both farmers and Brazilian agribusiness -- Sorghum, one of the most cultivated cereals in the world, continues to gain prominence in Brazil, with the planted

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to ResourceWise and the Growing Demand for SAF

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This presentation deck from ResourceWise, a consulting firm specializing in biofuel markets, highlights the growing global demand for Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) and bio-based diesel. The presentation deck focuses on the increasing adoption of SAF and

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Used Cooking Oil Seen as Canola Risk

by Sean Pratt (Western Producer)  Chris Vervaet, executive director of the Canadian Oilseed Processors Association, which represents most of the crushers operating in Canada, called the importation of used cooking oil a “very big risk” to the canola industry, undermining what

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Vietnam Has Great Potential for Biofuel: Experts

(VietnamNet Global) Biofuels are part of the country’s strategy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.  --  Vietnam has an abundance of raw materials for biofuel production which could be the key to transforming the transportation sector and moving towards sustainable growth, according to

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Analysis Of Malaysia’s Sustainable Aviation Fuel Ambitions And Global Implications

(Fitch Solutions)  • As sustainable aviation fuel becomes pivotal in the aviation industry's decarbonisation efforts, significant opportunities are emerging for key markets involved in biofuel feedstock production.  Policies and legislative measures in major markets like Europe and the US underscore the urgency

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MN Bio-Fuels Releases 2024 Annual Report

(Minnesota Bio-Fuels Association)  The Minnesota Bio-Fuels Association (MN Bio-Fuels) released its 2024 Annual Report at an event for its members and industry stakeholders in Eagan yesterday (December 5, 2024). “As we approach the end of 2024, I’m proud to report that the

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New Deep-Dive Video Resources on the 2023 Billion-Ton Report Now Available

(U.S. Department of Agriculture)  New deep-dive videos about the U.S. Department of Energy Bioenergy Technologies Office's (BETO's) 2023 Billion-Ton Report (BT23) are now available to help users access and apply the report findings and associated online data resources.  --  New deep-dive videos

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Biofuels Can Help Solve NY’s Electricity Problem

Guest Opinion by Rocco J. Lacertosa & Kris DeLair (New York State Energy Coalition Inc. / Empire State Energy Association Inc./Syracuse.com)  There are many aspects of the scope and scale of New York’s energy system that boggle the mind. Uncertainty about where

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Ethanol Becomes a 'Sustainable' Option for the Airline Industry, but Slavery in Sugarcane Is a Concern

by Poliana Dallabrida ( Repórter Brasil)   Plants certified to produce jet fuel have been linked to recent cases of slave labor and deaths in sugarcane fields. The increase in reported labor abuses is partly due to the growing outsourcing of labor

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U.S. Grains Council, Partners Hold High-Level Ethanol Meetings in Southeast Asia

(U.S. Grains Council) Executive leadership from the U.S. Grains Council (USGC), Growth Energy and the Renewable Fuels Association (RFA) recently traveled to Southeast Asia (SEA) to underscore the U.S. industry’s support of the governments of Indonesia and Vietnam as they expand

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California Lawmaker Introduces Bill to Repeal Recently Approved LCFS Amendments

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) California Senate Minority Leader Brian Jones, R-San Deigo, on Dec. 2 introduced a bill that aims to repeal the Low Carbon Fuel Standard regulations approved by the California Air Resources Board on Nov. 8.  In a

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Can You Still Bank On Carbon Opportunities?

by Margy Eckelkamp (AgWeb)  Five years after their introduction, carbon offset markets have evolved, and some have disappeared.  --  Carbon offset markets caused quite the buzz in 2020 with a flurry of more than a dozen opportunities for farmers being introduced in

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to USDA Rural Development Initiatives

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  This presentation deck outlines the USDA Rural Development (RD) initiatives to bolster the bioeconomy. It highlights RD’s key priorities, including promoting equity, combating climate change, and expanding markets for rural communities. The presentation deck details how

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New Method Enables Biofuel Fingerprinting in an Hour

(Marine Link)  The Global Centre for Maritime Decarbonization (GCMD) has introduced a new technique that creates a fingerprint for Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) biofuels that can identify the origins of the fuel's feedstock. The shipping industry is increasingly using biofuels, such as FAME,

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Innovations for Reducing Food Loss and Waste

(U.S. Department of Agriculture) ARS researchers are finding innovative ways to reduce food loss and waste – from farm to table. -- The Agricultural Research Service (ARS) is the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s chief scientific in-house research agency. Our job is finding

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Port of Riga Will Produce Renewable Fuel for the Baltic Market

(Freeport of Riga) The first Baltic-scale production of renewable fuels - HVO (hydrotreated vegetable oil) and SAF (sustainable aviation fuel) products - will be established in the Port of Riga in cooperation with investors from Ukraine. These innovative, high value-added products

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National Sorghum Producers Chairwoman Says Crop Is Vital to U.S. Biofuel Production

by Brandon Peoples (Brownfield Ag News)  The chairwoman of National Sorghum Producers says the group will continue to promote sorghum as an option to help meet biofuels production goals. Amy France says in terms of climate-friendly crops, sorghum ranks near the top. “As we look at

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Sort Out the Biofuels Provisions of the Inflation Reduction Act

by Margy Eckelkamp (AgWeb)  What you need to know about the 40A biofuels tax credit, 40B sustainable aviation fuel credit and 45Z clean fuel production credit -- Enacted in August 2022, the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) restructured biofuels tax credits in three

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Futuria Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  This presentation deck by Futuria Fuels discusses the company’s efforts to develop renewable propane, a clean alternative fuel. The presentation deck highlights the importance of biopropane as a by-product of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) production and

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Haffner Energy Launches Its Hydrogen Production, Testing and Training Center in Champagne, France

(Haffner Energy)  Inaugurated today (November 22, 2024), Haffner Energy’s hydrogen production, testing and training center is about to start producing renewable hydrogen using its patented biomass and organic waste thermolysis process. The project, a laureate of the France 2030 and Territoires

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Valmet

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This presentation deck  highlights Valmet’s expertise in biomass conversion, particularly focusing on transforming green waste into valuable biofuels. Valmet, a global leader in this space, provides a range of technologies and services, including BioTrac pretreatment and

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Praj Industries Eyes Growth in Sustainable Aviation Fuel, Biopolymers and Energy Transition

(The Hindu Business Line) ... Praj Industries is setting its sights on opportunities across sectors like sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), biopolymers, and energy transition and climate action (ETCA), with ambitious plans to triple its revenues by 2030. At a press conference, Dr

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THAI Joins Forces with PTTGC-OR to Take off “SAF” Fuel, Revolutionizing the Thai Aviation Industry in Full.

(Money and Banking Online)  THAI joins hands with PTTGC-OR to drive the Thai aviation industry into the era of sustainable energy, moving forward with the full use of aviation fuel or SAF, reducing greenhouse gas emissions by up to 80%, the

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Potential for U.S. Agriculture to be Greenhouse Gas Negative

Compiled by Jerry L. Hatfield, Ying Wang, Marty D. Matlock, and Charles W. Rice (CAST-Science)  In 2020, U.S. Farmers & Ranchers in Action (USFRA) established an independent scientific working group to analyze the potential for U.S. agriculture to collectively reduce greenhouse gas (GHG)

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RFA to CARB: Time to Step Up Monitoring and Verification of Imported UCO Feedstock

(Renewable Fuels Association)  In comments submitted today (November 25, 2024) in response to a request for information from the California Air Resources Board, the Renewable Fuels Association urged the state agency to do more to ensure the integrity of imported used cooking oil

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Ethanol Blog Nebraska Ethanol Board's McPheeters Talks Biofuels Future in Trump Administration ... Cover Crops Future

by Todd Neeley (DTN Progressive Farmer) Nebraska Ethanol Board Vice Chairman Scott McPheeters spent time talking to agriculture journalists on all things farming and biofuels, during an Agricultural Communicators Network workshop in Omaha last week. ... One of the keys to ethanol producers

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Announcing the 2024 Green Chemistry Challenge Award Winners!

(ACS Green Chemistry Institute) The annual GCCAs showcase the most innovative achievements in green chemistry. This prestigious recognition acknowledges advancements in the incorporation of green chemistry and engineering into chemical design, manufacturing, and use. The GCCAs have been a joint initiative by

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U.S. Biofuel Facility to Go up within Stone’s Throw of Manitoba Border

by Jeff Melchior (Manitoba Co-operator) Facility to tap ag byproducts for sustainable aviation fuel in Minnesota --  A US$5-billion project close to the Canadian border will manufacture sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) using low-value ag by-products and forest waste. DG Fuels, a U.S.-owned sustainable

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APHIS Issues Regulatory Status Review Responses: Covercress, GCMBNA, Moolec, and MSU

(US Department of Agriculture) The U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) recently reviewed the following plants modified using genetic engineering to determine whether they posed an increased plant pest risk as relative to non-modified comparator: Covercress,

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Neste and PCS to Bring Renewable Solutions to Southeast Asia’s Chemicals Industry

(Neste) Neste will supply renewable Neste RE to PCS in Singapore. PCS will produce essential products, such as ethylene, propylene or butadiene, for customers in various industries.   --  Neste and Singapore-based essential chemicals company PCS Pte. Ltd. (“PCS”) have launched a cooperation for

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thermocellum cloud point clover cmelina CNG Conversion kit co co-generation co-location Co-op Extension co-operative co-processing co-products CO2 Electrolysis CO2 neutral fuels CO2Removal Certificates (CORCs) coal Coal and Biomass to Liquid (CBTL) Coast Guard coastal habitat conservation coastal hay cobalt cock's foot coco coco methyl ester (CME) cocoa Coconut coffee coffee cherries coffee grounds coffee pulp cold flow cold-tolerance college/university Colombia Colorado combined heat and power (CHP) Comment Request commercial flights commercialization commissioning commo Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) commodity trading common reed Community activity community college Community involvement/engagement community scale Community Wood Energy Program competition compliance compliance credits compost Compressed Natural Gas (CNG/R-CNG/bioCNG) compression ratios compression-ignition engine computer simulation concrete condensate Congo Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Connecticut Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP) construction and demolition waste/debris consumer education contamination contest contrails conversion technology Cook Islands cook stoves cooking fuel cooperatives COP21 COP22 COP23 COP24 COP25 COP26 COP27 COP28 COP29 COP30 copper coppice cordgrass corn bran Corn cobs corn ethanol corn fiber corn growers corn harvest corn kernel corn meal corn oil corn oil/distillers corn oil (DCO) corn prices corn stalks corn stover corn supply corn surplus corn syrup corn-based products corn/maize Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards corporate social responsibility corrosion corruption CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) cosmetics Costa Rica cotton cotton seed hulls cotton seed oil cotton stalk cottonwood Council on Environmental Quality county cover crops cow rumen cracking Crambe crassulacean acid metabolism plants (CAM) crimes criteria pollutants Croatia crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude oil Cuba cup plant cuphea currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cusi Customs and Border Protection cutworm caterpillars cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) cylindro Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs d-5 D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D20 (20%DME) D5 (5%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA date kernel oil date palm date palm pits date palm waste Dates DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act deficit definitions deforestation defossilization Dehydration Delaware DeltaWing demonstration demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify density Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security Department of Justice Department of Labor Department of the Interior Department of Transportation (DOT) depolymerization depots dextrose dfdsffsfdfsf diatoms diesel Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) diesel fuel blendstock diesel prices Diesel R5 diesel with renewables diesel-range hydrocarbons diesel-to-biodiesel conversion diethyl ether digital Digital Biology diisobutylene (DIB) dilute acid hydrolysis pretreatment DIN 51605 DIN EN 15376 (Ethanol blending component) direct air capture direct injection direct ocean capture Direct Sugar to Hydrocarbon Conversion (DSHC) direct-to-fuel directed evolution dispense distillates distillation distilled biodiesel distilled palm methyl ester (DPME) distilleries distributed/centralized distribution distribution capacity distribution waiver diversification divestment DME/rDME (dimethyl ether)/renewable DME DMF (2.5-dimethylfuran) Dominican Republic double cropping drawdown Drones/Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) drop-in biofuels/hydrocarbons drought drought tolerant drought-resistant dry ice dual cropping dual-fuel/flex fuel ships Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E100 E100 conversion kit E11 E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E2 E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E3 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E70 diesel E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency egg shell Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric Vehicle (EV) Prices electric grid electricity electricity price electricity/power generation electricity/power transmission electrocatalysis electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels (e-fuels) electrofuels (e-fuels) prices electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) electrons Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants embargo eminent domain emissions emissions standards EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 EN 228 EN 590 EN228 (standard pump gasoline) end user end-of-life Endangered Species Act (ESA) Energy Bill energy cane energy consumption energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy prices energy reserves Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine Development engine problems Engine/Fuel Co-optimization engineering England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment environmental impact study (EIS) environmental justice/socially inclusive environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Environmentalists Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic depolymerization enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling Enzyme solicitation enzymes EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) Equatorial Guinea equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) etha ethane ethanol ethanol benefits ethanol blend wall ethanol blended diesel ED ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol emissions ethanol ether diesel fuel ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol to gas ethanol tolerance ethanol-fueled aircraft Ethanol-to-Gasoline (ETG) ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/diesel ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethyl levulinate (EL) ethylbenzene ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order executive order--state Extended Range Electric Vehicle (EREV) externalities extremophiles f F Factor F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farmers farming farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation Feedstocks fermentation ferry fertilizer fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) Fischer-Tropsch/FT fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources Forest Service forestry forklifts Formate formic acid fossil carbon fossil fuel Frace fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud free fatty acids (FFA) Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon gallium Gambia games gas prices gas tax/highway user fee gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gasoline-range hydrocarbons Gemany General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Gerrmany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) Intensity giant cane giant kelp Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect Global South global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grain sorghum/milo grain speculators grains GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery green/black economy Greenland GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala Guava Seed guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Guinea Bissau Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP gypsum h Haiti Halophytes harvest site processing harvesting Hawai'i hay hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ HDO-SAK (hydro deoxygenated synthetic aromatic kerosene) health health benefits health effects heat of combustion heat of vaporization heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) high octane low carbon (HOLC) fuel High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 HVO20 HVO30 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrid ships hybrids hydrocarbon fuels Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydroformylation hydrogen aircraft hydrogen carrier hydrogen combustion engines hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen internal combustion engines hydrogen leaks hydrogen pipeline hydrogen pumps/fueling stations hydrogen tax credit hydrogen terminal Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Price hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogenolysis hydropower Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal gasification hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois Illiois illuppai ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indian beech tree Indian grass Indiana indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial burners industrial ethanol industrial gases industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated biorefineries integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine (ICE) internal combustion engine (ICE)/gasoline engine ban International international balance of payments International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Sustainability and Carbon Certification model(ISCC) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit Invvesting ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron iron oxide IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isobutylene isomerisation isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica jamelão Japan jatobá Jatropha Jersey Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 jet B Jetfuel (Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs Joint Office of Energy and Transportation jojoba Jordan JP-10 JP-4 JP-5/NATO F-44 JP-8/NATO F-34 juniper Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kalanchoe kamani Kans grass Kansas Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati knotweed Knowledge Discovery Framework Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kulpa kusum Kuwait Kygryzstan labels labor policy Labrador lactic acid lactose Lake County lamp oil land ownership land prices land rights land subsidence land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy landfill methane Landfills landscape Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead Leadtree leaf ant Lebanon lecithin legislation Legislation-Federal Legislation-State lemna lend-lease Lesotho lesquerella leucaena levulinic acid Liberia Libya licensing lichens life cycle analysis (LCA) light rail lignin Lignin Ethanol Oil (LEO) Lignocellulosic Biofuel lignocellulosic sugars lime Lipid liquefaction liquid liquid petroleum gas (LPG) liquid transportation fuels liquidation Liquified Biogas (LBG) Liquified Biogas (LBG) pumps liquified biomethane (LBM) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logistics long-term contracts Louis Louisiana low c low carbon emissions low carbon octane standard (LCOS) Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel low sulfur fuel low sulfur marine fuel lubricants lumber mill Luxembourg lysis M100 M15 M3 M50 ma macadamia macauba Macedonia machine learning machinery macororo Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona management changes mandates mangaba manganese mango mangrove Manitoba mannose manure maple maps marginal land marine algae Marine Corps Marine Diesel Oil (MDO) Marine Fuel Oil Marine Gas Oil (MGO) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) price Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel Terminal Marine/maritime renewable fuel terminal/bunkering market forces market share marketing markets/sales Mars Marshall Islands Maryland Masdar Institute mass balance standard Massachusetts Master Limited Partnership (MLP) Mauritania Mauritius Mazda meat mechanics training medical waste MEEC membranes mergers and acquisitions mesquite methanation methane leaks methane/biomethane methanization methanol benefits methanol fuel cells methanol hybrid methanol price Methanol-to-Jet (MTJ-SPK) Methanol/Biomethanol/Renewable Methanol methylbutenol Mexico Michelin GreenX Challenge Michigan micro-crop microalgae microbial electrosynthesis microbiology microorganisms/microbes microwave Mid-Atlantic Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military reserves military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels milk permeate millennium fruit millet millettia pinnata milo stover mineralization minerals mining Minn Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold molinia molybdenum MON (Motor Octane Number) Monaco Mongolia mongongo monitoring/measuring reporting verifiction (MRV) Montana Montenegro moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles motors MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES2014 MOVES3 (MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator model) Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed mvr Myanmar n-butanol n-butene nahar Namibia nano nano particles nanocatalysts nanocellulose nanomaterials naphtha/bionaphtha/renewable naphtha naphthene NASCAR National Academies of Science National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) National Energy Council National Environmental Policy Act National Guard National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Laboratory National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Oilheat Research Alliance National Park Service National Research Council National Science Foundation (NSF) national security National Security Council National Transportation Safety Board National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) Native American/American Indian/First Nation Tribes natural gas Natural Gas Act natural gas input natural gas prices natural gas vehicles natural gasoline Navy Nebraska neem negative carbon emissions NEN 7427-1 neodymium Nepal net energy balance Netherlands Nevada New Brunswick new fuel approval New Guinea New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New South Wales New York New Zealand Newfoundland Newfoundland and Labrador next generation biofuels next generation vehicles NHRA drag racing Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrogen starvation nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota North Korea Northeast northern catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory Northwest Territories Norwary Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds nuclear Nunavut nut shells nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition oak oat hulls oat straw oats Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy 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orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) osage orange OSHA Overseas Private Investment Corporation overview overview/survey course owa oxygen oxygenate ozone Pakistan Palau palm palm biomass palm fatty acid distillate palm fiber palm fronds palm kernel palm kernel oil palm kernel shell palm oil Palm Oil Methyl Ester (PME) palm oil mill effluent (POME) palm oil prices palm trunk sap palm waste Paludiculture/peatland cultivation Panama pandas panic grass papaya paper Papua Indonesia Papua New Guinea paraffins Paraguay Paris Agreement parity partial waiver particulates pasture land Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) patents pathways Paulownia paulownia tree payments peach shell peaches peak oil peak oil demand peanuts/groundnuts peas pectin peela kaner pellet pellets Pennsylvania pennycress/stinkweed pentane pentanol pentose pequi perennial grains perennial grasses Performance permitting Peru pest-tolerance pesticide-tolerance 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pretreatment equipment price price of water prickly pear Prince Edward Island process flow diagram producer tax credit Production tax credit productivity project insurance propagating Propane/Biopropane/Renewable Propane propane/renewable propane pumps propanol property insurance propylene protectionism protein protests proton exchange membrane (PEM) public comments public health policy Puerto Rico pulp Pulp/Paper Mill pump retrofit kit pumps/fueling station pungam Punnai tree pyrolysis pyrolytic liquefaction Q-RIN QAP Qatar quality assurance Quality Assurance Plans (QAPs) quality improvement quantum dots Quebec Queensland quote of the week r R Factor R100/RD100 R33 R5 R95B5/RD95B5 R99/RD99 rabbits race radiata pine radish leaves Rahal Letterman Lanigan Racing railroad rain tree rainforest ranchers RAND rare earth metal/critical minerals RD10 RD100 RD20 RD3 RD30 RD40 RD50 RD55 RD80 RD80B20 RD99 reclaimed mine lands recycled oil recycled plastics recycling red algae redcedar Reducing 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Science Policy scooters Scotland scum sea level rise seaports seashore mallow seawater seaweed cultivation Seaweed/Macroalgae second-generation biofuel income tax credit Section 526 Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) seed husks seed-to-wheel Senegal Serbia sesame sewage Seychelles shale shale gas shale oil shark oil Shea sheep shellfish shipping shipping containers shipworm siam weed Sierra Leone silage silica Silphie/cup plant/Indian cup silver silver maple simarouba Singapore Singpore sisal SK slash Slovakia Slovakia/Slovak Republic Slovenia sludge Small Business Administration Small Business Innovatin Research (SBIR) Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) Program small engines small refinery exemption (SRE) smog smokestack soap soapstock Social social benefit investing social cost social value social venture Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) soi soil soil amendments soil carbon soil health soil microbial biomass solar energy solar energy-to-chemical conversion solar fuel solar thermochemical hydrogen (STCH) solaris Solid Oxide Electrolyzer Cell (SOEC) solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) Solomon Islands Solutions solvent liquefaction Somalia soot sorghum sorghum oil sorghum price sorghum stover South Africa South America South Australia South Carolina South Dakota South Korea South Pacific South Sudan Southeast Asia Southern Africa Soviet Union SOx (Sulfur oxides) soy meal soybean hulls soybean prices soybeans Spain spartina specifications Spekboom Spent Bleaching Earth Oil (SBEO) sprawl spruce Sri Lanka Stakeholders standards start-up State Department Statistics steam explosion steam methane reformation steam reformation steel stevia stillage storage tanks Straight (pure) Vegetable Oil (SVO or PVO) stranded assets Strategic Bioenergy Reserve STrategiv Petroleum Reserve straw students su sub-Saharan Africa sub-sim (substantially similar) succinic acid sucrose Sudan sugar Sugar Beets/Energy Beets Sugar kelp sugar palm sugar platform sugar prices sugar 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transfer technical course Technical Readiness Levels techno-economic analysis technology transfer telephone utility poles Tennessee termites terpenes terrestrial carbon testing Texas textbook Thailand theft therapeutics Thermal catalytic depolymerization (TCD) thermal deoxygenation thermocatalytic conversion thermochemical conversion thermochemical liquefaction Tibet Tier 3 Tier 4 tilapia tillage Timor-Leste tires tobacco tobacco tree Togo Tokyo toluene Tonga tool Toronto torrefaction totai Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) trade trade dispute/discrimination trade group trade organization Trade Policy trade secrets training trains transesterification transgenics transition Transportation Fuels Policy Transportation Fuels Policy--Municipal Transportation Fuels Policy--State Transportation Policy travel policy Treasury Department trees Trinidad and Tobago triticale trucks tubers tugboats tung tunicate Tunisia Tunsia Turkey U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) UCOME (Used Cooking Oil Methyl 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