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The Digest’s 2026 Multi-Slide Guide to Cross-Sector Commodity Coordination

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Feedstock competition in the bioeconomy represents a massive arithmetic failure rather than a market working. Because individual producers forecast demand independently against a shared physical resource base, the sum of their assumptions quietly exceeds the real

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India Needs SAF Mandates, Stronger Demand Signals to Unlock Investment: EDF

by Samyak Pandey (S&P Global) SAF costs 50-200% more than jet fuel; India has 210 biogas plants, targets 5,000; Carbon credit pricing remains unpredictable India will struggle to build a meaningful, sustainable aviation fuel industry without mandates and long-term demand signals, according to

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Joint Media Release: Building Australia's Fuel Security with Strategic Fuel Reserves and Low Carbon Liquid Fuels

(Australia Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water)  The Albanese Government's $14.8 billion Fuel Security and Resilience Package will protect Australians from global fuel shocks, put downward pressure on costs and accelerate the transition to our own home-grown, sovereign

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Strengthening the Supply of Green Fuels and Jointly Building a Global Low-Carbon Ecosystem

(China General Administration of Customs (Google translation)  The global energy transition towards low carbon continues to deepen, with the application scenarios for green fuels such as green hydrogen ammonia and methanol, biodiesel, and sustainable aviation fuel constantly expanding. This provides

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Sustainable Aviation Fuel Pioneer Completes Successful Trials

(Nova Pangea Technologies) Nova Pangaea Technologies, the UK company with a unique process to create sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) from waste biomass, has completed successful endurance trials that further validate its technology. Nova Pangaea Technologies, the UK company with a unique process

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Sustainable Peaks and Valleys (for SAF)

by Caitlin Scheresky (SAF Magazine)  ... A few strong contenders explain the quieter conversation, with political, financial and legal risk topping the list. In the United States, much has to do with the current administration's lack of focus. Nevertheless, there are

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Global SAF Initiatives Create New Opportunities for Ethanol

by Frank Zaworski (CZApp) ... SAF and SMF initiatives are gaining momentum globally. Canada and Brazil both advanced policies to support sustainable aviation fuel, while new projects and research highlighted the growing role of feedstocks such as corn, sugar and agricultural

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Argentina Weighs Higher Ethanol, Biodiesel Mandates as SAF Gains Traction

by Samyak Pandey (S&P Global) (Argentine) Senate reviews bills boosting blend levels; Ethanol output hits 1.35 billion liters; Biodiesel exports drop to 2007 lows Argentina is considering its most significant biofuels policy overhaul in years, with lawmakers debating legislation that would increase ethanol

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Airlines Face Potential Biofuel Mandates under New Government Plan

by Joseph Olbrycht-Palmer (Geelong Advertiser)  Labor has flagged possible biofuel mandates for airlines amid global fuel supply chain turmoil, but warns doing nothing carries its own serious risks. Labor is mulling biofuel mandates for airlines as part of a suite of possible

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Biogas Outlook Is Bright with Marine Fuel, 45Z, Roeslein Says

by Kim Chipman (Agri-Pulse) Biogas is having a moment, with potentially hundreds of millions of dollars set to be unleashed with finalization of 45Z. An even bigger opportunity though is marine fuel, Roeslein Renewables says.   READ MORE Related articles Biogas Market to Reach

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Brazil Federal Prosecutors Move to Block Ethanol Blend Increase in Gasoline

 by Oliver Griffin (Reuters) Brazil's Federal Prosecution Service (MPF) has launched a lawsuit against the federal government to ​suspend an increase to the mix of ethanol ‌blended in gasoline to 32% — from 30% currently — known more widely as E32. Early

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UK Export Finance Backs Sustainable Fuel to Drive Growth and Cut Emissions

(UK Export Finance and The Rt Hon Jonathan Reynolds MP)  UKEF announces measures at the Farnborough International Airshow this week to drive growth and decarbonisation across the aerospace sector.    More UK-based sustainable aviation fuel production could be considered for UKEF financing

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Republican Moves to Scrap 2009 California Clean Car Rule

by Alex Guillén and Alex Nieves (Politico Pro E&E Daily)  The Trump EPA recently asked Congress to undo four more federal waivers underpinning California air pollution rules.  --   Wyoming Republican Rep. Harriet Hageman over the weekend introduced legislation targeting California vehicle emissions

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Indonesia Invites Private Firms to Build Ethanol Plants for E20 Push

(Antara) The Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources is opening opportunities for private companies interested in building ethanol plants following the mandatory target of blending 20 percent bioethanol into gasoline (E20) by 2028. "So, private companies are allowed, and we strongly encourage

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Taiwan, South Korea Push Alcohol-to-Jet as Asia Next SAF Pathway

by Samyak Pandey (S&P Global) Taiwan, South Korea push alcohol-to-jet SAF tech; Taiwan's SAF demand to reach 182,000 mt by 2030; Asia-Pacific ATJ capacity to hit 4 mil mt by 2030 Alcohol-to-jet technology is gaining commercial traction in Taiwan and South

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Sustainable Aviation Fuel Price Outlook: Leveling Off

by Jade Patterson (BloombergNEF) Prices of sustainable aviation fuel, or SAF, are rising as the closure of the Strait of Hormuz disrupts global fuel markets. Higher oil-product prices are increasing demand for biofuels, particularly for road transport, as governments seek to

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Brazil Temporarily Raises Mandatory Ethanol Blend in Gasoline to 32% from 30%

(Reuters)  Brazil's National Energy Policy Council, the CNPE, on Tuesday (July 14, 2026) approved temporarily ​raising the mandatory ethanol blend in gasoline to 32% from 30%, the Ministry of Mines ‌and Energy said in a statement. The move, which will last 180

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FEED Completed: What This Milestone Means for Lighthouse Green Fuels

(Lighthouse Green Fuels) Lighthouse Green Fuels (LGF) has successfully completed Front-End Engineering Design (FEED) for its Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) facility in Teesside, delivered in partnership with engineering contractor Worley. For any major infrastructure project, FEED is one of the most significant

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From the Editor: Promising News Regarding Grain-Based Ethanol

by Arvin Donley (World Grain)  When the United States ramped up corn-based ethanol production in the early part of this century, a food vs. fuel debate ensued with many proclaiming that increased grain-based biofuels output would threaten global food security. It

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Record US Biofuel Mandates Spark Unlikely European Import Surge

by Cole Martin and Elizabeth Elkin (Bloomberg) • An “America-first” fuel policy is triggering an influx of biofuel imports from Europe, with more than 13 million gallons of biodiesel arriving in the US since the beginning of May. The US finalized record-high

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Vema Hydrogen and SAF+ International Group Partner to Produce Synthetic Sustainable Aviation Fuel for Canada’s Aviation Industry

(Vema Hydrogen) • Deal represents the first commercial integrated model to pair Engineered Mineral Hydrogen (EMH) with SAF, aiming to increase SAF supply and reduce barriers that limit adoption Partnership will advance Quebec’s first integrated EMH‑to‑SAF ecosystem as global aviation decarbonization mandates

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How Energy Security Concerns Are Driving Biofuels Boom

by Anuradha Raghu, Elizabeth Elkin, Rakesh Sharma and Eko Listiyorini (Bloomberg/MSN)   Demand for biofuels has been growing in many parts of the world. Governments, particularly those in countries with big farming sectors, have viewed crop-based fuels as a way to support

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UK Ministers Shift Sustainable Aviation Fuel Stance Following US Lobbying Tour

(Streamline) UK policymakers adjust Sustainable Aviation Fuel mandates following pressure from American agribusiness, balancing net-zero goals against supply realities. -- A recent diplomatic expedition to the United States has catalyzed a significant recalibration of the United Kingdom's environmental policy regarding advanced biofuels

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Minnesota to Withdraw EV Mandate

(National Association of Convenience Stores)  The decision is tied to a court case led by NACS and Minnesota retailers.  --  Minnesota has agreed to entirely withdraw its EV mandate (Clean Cars rule), per a recently submitted Stipulation and Joint Motion sent to

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Seoul Biofuels, SAF Conference Supports Ethanol Demand Growth In South Korea

(U.S. Grains & BioProducts Council) The U.S. Grains & BioProducts Council (USGBC), in cooperation with U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Foreign Agricultural Service (USDA’s FAS) and the Korea Biofuels Forum, hosted the 2026 Seoul Biofuels & Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) Conference in

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World-First for Power-to-Liquid: ERA ONE Receives ISCC EU Certification

(INERATEC) INERATEC, the Karlsruhe-based pioneer in sustainable e-Fuels, has reached a key regulatory milestone: its PtL plant ERA ONE has received the International Sustainability and Carbon Certification (ISCC) EU certification under the Renewable Energy Directive (EU) 2018/2001 (RED III). This makes

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U.S. Ethanol Exports Surge on Trade Deals as Industry Warns against Unraveling USMCA

by Jenny Schlecht (AgWeek)  ... The United Kingdom, Lindberg (Luke Lindberg, under secretary of agriculture for trade and foreign agricultural affairs in the U.S. Department of Agriculture) noted, has increased its purchase of ethanol by about 50% following a trade agreement with

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Indonesia Tests Biofuel for Trains

(VNA/Vietnam Plus)  KAI Vice President for Corporate Communications Anne Purba said the transition to B50 biofuel will be carried out in phases and undergo a rigorous testing process to meet the operational requirements of the railway industry, which demands high reliability

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Open Call for Evidence: SAF Mandate: SAF Supply and Industry Certainty in an Evolving Market DEADLINE July 28, 2026

(U.K. Department for Transport) Seeks industry views on the supply of advanced non-HEFA (including PtL) SAF and the issue of tankering. -- This call for evidence seeks views and evidence from industry on the availability of future non-HEFA SAF supply once the

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£219 Million to Power Britain's Green Aviation Revolution

(U.K. Department for Transport and Keir Mather MP) £219 million boost for sustainable aviation fuel to cut emissions and back UK innovation and jobs. £93 million available now for pioneering UK companies to develop and scale up sustainable aviation fuel production to make

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Minister Purbaya Revises Ethanol Tax Exemption Rules

by Ilona Estherina (Tempo) Indonesian Minister of Finance, Purbaya Yudhi Sadewa, has issued a new regulation that changes the procedures for exempting ethanol or ethyl alcohol tax to support energy transition. Previously, PT Pertamina Patra Niaga had requested the simplification of bioethanol

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Loganair Signs 15-Year Sustainable Aviation Fuel Offtake Agreement with ClimaHtech Green Flight

(Loganair)  Loganair, the UK’s largest regional airline, and ClimaHtech Green Flight today announced a 15-year Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) offtake agreement, supporting the long-term decarbonisation of regional aviation in the UK. Under the agreement, Loganair intends to offtake SAF for a period

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KBR’s PureSAF® Technology Selected for Northern Europe’s Largest SAF and e-SAF Plant by NorSAF

(KBR)  KBR (NYSE: KBR) announced today (May 28, 2026) that NorSAF, one of the leading sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) producers in the Baltics, has selected KBR’s proprietary PureSAF® technology for what is set to become the largest SAF and e-SAF production

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COMMENTARY: The Jet Fuel Supply Crisis – This Was Supposed to Be SAF’s Moment

by Elvis Ebikade (Bioleum/Green Air) There is a version of the SAF story that sounds like good news. SAF feedstocks – used cooking oil, tallow, animal fats – are sourced domestically, collected regionally, and priced by local supply and demand.

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Australia Plans Biofuel Mandates to Boost Its Energy Security

by Peter Hobson (Reuters) Australia plans to introduce biofuel blending mandates to incentivise local production and increase its energy security, a government spokesperson ​said, adding that developing the policy was a priority after ‌the Iran war imperilled fuel imports. Australia is a

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Issue 193: Singapore-Listed Palm Oil Stocks Catch Biodiesel Spark

by Kenneth Lim (Business Times) This week in ESG: Analysts raise forecasts for crude palm oil as Iran war continues --  Shares of Singapore-listed palm oil companies have climbed steadily so far this year as the war in Iran further elevates the

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Europe’s Biofuel Crossroads

(Biofuels International) As Europe accelerates towards net-zero emissions and greater energy independence, the biofuel industry stands at a critical juncture. Once heralded as a cornerstone of decarbonising transport and delivering rural economic benefits, the sector in 2026 presents a complex picture: rapid

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Stranded Molecules: Why US SAF Can't Cross the Atlantic to Fill Europe's Mandate Gap

(SAF Path) The trans-Atlantic SAF trade Europe was counting on isn't price-blocked, ship-blocked, or supply-blocked. It's certification-blocked.  --  The trans-Atlantic SAF trade that policy modelers assumed would balance the system, US molecules flowing east into a structurally short EU market, is not

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Webinar: Q2 Biofuels Outlook: Iran War Implications --- May 28, 2026 --- ONLINE Recorded Presentation Available

The Iran War is already reshaping global energy markets. But what could it mean for biofuels?   Join ResourceWise’s Matthew Stone, VP of Business Development and Low-Carbon Fuels, for a live Q2 2026 Biofuels Market Update exploring the conflict’s implications for

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Agriculture and Manufacturing Unite Behind National Ethanol and Biodiesel Mandate

(National Farmers Federation/Beef Central)  Four major agricultural bodies have joined forces to urge the Australian Government to introduce an immediate national mandate for ethanol and biodiesel to bolster fuel security. The National Farmers Federation (NFF), GrainGrowers, Australian Sugar Manufacturers and Canegrowers say

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Intermediate and Degraded Land Crops No ‘Miracle’ Solution for SAF, New Study Shows

(European Federation for Transport and Environment) Crops grown between food harvest cycles or on low-quality land are seen as green solutions for powering planes, but T&E’s new study shows that so-called ‘intermediate crops’ or crops grown on ‘severely degraded land’ could

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Asean’s Biodiesel Push Fuels Palm Oil Rally, but Will SGX-Listed Players Gain?

by Benicia Tan (Business Times)  ... A crude oil supply shortfall from the prolonged closure of the Strait of Hormuz has accelerated biodiesel mandates in South-east Asia, driving up crude palm oil (CPO) prices and lifting Singapore Exchange-listed plantation stocks. ... Following the

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From Brussels to DC: Will the Industry’s Big Asks Deliver a Sure Ride?

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ... In project finance, we like to think in two numbers: cost of capital risk premium But there’s always a third number, rarely acknowledged: the uncertainty premium. That’s the price of the ocean—the storms you didn’t model, the timing

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Global Biofuels Alliance Targets SAF Corridors, Advances Methanol for Marine Sector

by Samyak Pandey (S&P Global) GBA negotiates SAF corridors for standardization; Methanol emerges as near-term marine fuel solution; 2G ethanol shifts focus from road to SAF feedstock The Global Biofuels Alliance is in active negotiations with the governments across the world to establish a sustainable

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USGBC Works to Grow US Ethanol Markets in Portugal, UK

by Susan Reidy (World-Grain.com)  The US Grains & BioProducts Council (USGBC) leadership recently met with representatives in Portugal and the UK to improve US ethanol’s market presence. Stephanie Larson and USGBC ethanol sector members met with public and private representatives in Portugal

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Is the Fuel Crisis a Catalyst for Europe’s SAF Supply? Airlines say 2030 e-SAF Targets Will Have to Be Pushed Back

by Helen Massy-Beresford (Aviation Week) Europe’s sustainable aviation fuel industry might be at a turning point. Key environmental legislation for aviation is in the spotlight against the backdrop of the Iran conflict and the related fuel crisis, which could be a

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Research Analysis: Bilateral Cooperation Opportunities between Brazil and Sweden in Sustainable Aviation Fuel

by Jorge Willian Ferreira Gonçalves* (Advanced Biofuels USA)  The growing international synergy to mitigate aviation emissions over the last decade, particularly through the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA) established by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), underscores the

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Govt Allows Ethanol Blending in Aviation Turbine Fuel

(India Today/MSN) In a fresh move towards cleaner energy, the government has now allowed ethanol blending in Aviation Turbine Fuel (ATF). The step is aimed at promoting Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) and reducing India's dependence on imported oil. This comes as

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Earth Month A-Z: Today--Words Starting with "M"

macauba mandates marine/maritime fuel methane/biomethane methanol/biomethanol miscanthus MSW (Municipal Solid Waste)   Each day we will feature words that have special meaning for transitioning to a truly sustainable renewable future.  And, we'll highlight an image that illustrates one of those words. Join us from A to Z!  Check out our

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Zemo Partnership Launches RFAS Aviation to Strengthen the Verification of Sustainable Aviation Fuel Traceability in the UK

(Zemo Partnership)  Zemo Partnership today announces the launch of RFAS Aviation, a new voluntary assurance scheme designed to provide independent verification of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) across the UK supply chain.    The scheme responds to a critical industry need for a harmonised

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Brazil Weighs 32% Ethanol Blend in Gasoline

by Camila Souza Ramos (Globo Rural — São Paulo/Valor International)  Brazil’s Ministry of Mines and Energy has indicated in recent days that it may recommend raising the share of anhydrous ethanol blended into gasoline to 32%, according to a senior source.

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Argentina Allows up to 15% Ethanol Blend into Gasoline after Oil Shock

by Lucila Sigal and Gabriel Araujo (Reuters) Argentina's government said on ​Friday (March 27, 2026) it will allow local firms to ‌voluntarily blend up to 15% ethanol into gasoline, in a bid to curb the impact from higher ​oil prices on

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Albanese Government Could Increase Ethanol Level in Fuel as Farmers Warn about Food Prices

by Dan Jervis-Bardy, Josh Butler, and Tom McIlroy (The Guardian) Treasurer admits the end of the war ‘can’t come soon enough’ for Australia as small miners scale back operations -- The federal government will consider an increase in ethanol levels in fuel to

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Open Consultation -- UK Emissions Trading Scheme: Treatment of Sustainable Aviation Fuel DEADLIINE June 15, 2026

(UK Department for Energy Security and Net Zero)  In June 2023, the UK ETS Authority made a commitment to develop, then consult on, proposals regarding the claiming of emissions reductions from sustainable aviation fuels (SAF) by aircraft operators under the UK ETS. The Authority is therefore

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The Digest’s 2026 Multi-Slide Guide to Bioenergy in Belgium

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Belgium faces a pivotal transition as it navigates limited domestic biomass resources and the closure of major biomass power plants, like Rodenhuize. Despite fossil fuels making up 67% of the energy supply, bioenergy contributes 8.6% to

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The Digest’s 2026 Multi-Slide Guide to Bioenergy in France

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) France is expanding its bioenergy sector to reduce its 100% fossil fuel import dependency, aiming for a 33% renewable energy share by 2030. Biogas is a major growth area, with biomethane grid injections hitting 2.4% of

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Ethanol Mandate Revisited: A Practical Path to Curbing Inflation through Fuel Price Relief

by Nosa Osaikhuiwu (The Cable) On August 29, 2023, at the height of the fuel subsidy removal crisis in Nigeria, I published an article in The Nation Newspaper titled “Achieving Pump Price Relief Through Ethanol Mandate.” In that piece, I argued that

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Equilibrion and Rolls-Royce SMR Announce Collaboration to Advance the Development of Sustainable Aviation Fuel Using Nuclear Energy

(Equilibrion) Equilibrion and Rolls-Royce SMR have signed a Memorandum of Understanding to collaborate on a technical and economic assessment, to better understand the opportunity for nuclear powered Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) using Small Modular Reactors (SMRs). The Rolls-Royce SMR is designed to

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Authorities Tout Biofuel as Global Oil Prices Soar

by Yuthana Praiwan (Bangkok Post) ... Energy authorities are stepping up efforts to expand biofuel usage to reduce reliance on oil imports and safeguard against potential fuel shortages. The move comes as global oil prices surge, driven by the ongoing conflict between the

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Asia's Ethanol Targets and Recent Developments

(Reuters/Hydrocarbon Processing) More countries in the Asia-Pacific region are adopting ethanol blending with gasoline as they try to cut reliance on imported fuel and achieve carbon emission targets. Indonesia, Asia's largest gasoline importer, ‌plans to impose a mandatory bioethanol content level of

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Honeywell Process Technology to Help Verso Energy Accelerate eSAF Production

(Honeywell) Honeywell today announced that Verso Energy, an integrated energy company focused on producing low-carbon molecules, will use Honeywell UOP’s eFiningTM methanol-to-jet processing technology to produce electro-sustainable aviation fuel (eSAF) at seven planned production sites in France, Finland and the United States. Honeywell’s advanced

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National Ethanol Mandate Key for Australian Biofuels

by Tom Woodlock and Grace Dudley (Argus Media) An enforceable federal-level ethanol mandate — based on an improved version of Queensland's current scheme — is key to supporting domestic ethanol production, according to the industry body Australian Sugar Manufacturers (ASM). Ethanol is

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U.S. Ethanol Industry Sets Its Sights on the World

by Sean Pratt (Western Producer) Canada remains top buyer of American ethanol, but other potential markets include Mexico, the EU, Nigeria and India Canada remains the top export market for U.S. ethanol, purchasing 757 million gallons of the fuel in 2024-25. The country blended the

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The Digest’s 2026 Multi-Slide Guide to Bioeconomy Finance

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Based on an AI analysis of 6,000+ articles, this guide reveals that successful bioeconomy scaling relies on “platform financing” and strategic corporate partnerships rather than equity-heavy venture capital. It introduces the GTESI model to track project

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Heathrow Boosts 2026 Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) Incentive to Fly 2% above Government Mandate

(Heathrow) • Heathrow is increasing its Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) incentive scheme in 2026, setting a new target going 2% above the UK mandate - aiming for 5.6% SAF uplift in 2026. • Over £80 million is available to airlines to help

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The Digest’s 2026 Multi-Slide Guide to Delivering Sustainable Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) The IEA’s pathway analysis reveals that sustainable fuel use could quadruple by 2035, led by aviation and shipping. High-impact news includes the report’s finding that biofuel premiums add less than 1% to food prices and only

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A Reality Check for Feedstocks, Policy and Capital

(HutanBio/Biofuels International)  Manshu Agarwal, CEO, HutanBio, has outlined what he sees are the critical factors that will drive growth in the biofuels sector over the coming year. My prediction for the year ahead is that it will not be a breakout year

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The Digest’s 2026 Multi-Slide Guide to IMO Global Shipping Emissions Framework

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has introduced its groundbreaking Net-Zero Framework, making shipping the first global industry with binding emissions reductions. Key news includes the 2027 enforcement of a mandatory greenhouse gas pricing mechanism and a

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Marching as One: How C1 Molecules Are Rewriting the Rules of Fuels and Chemicals

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) ...  Biomass enters as a civilian — complex, regional, idiosyncratic. It leaves in uniform. Carbon monoxide. Carbon dioxide. Methane. Methanol. Formate. This shift is mapped in a top-tier new report prepared for CSIRO by a group

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Airlines Target EU Climate Rules after Carmakers Showed the Way

by Tommaso Lecca (Politico)  The recent weakening of the ban on gasoline and diesel cars is fueling calls for a similar reversal in the aviation sector. -- ... Their big target is getting the EU to dilute its mandate forcing airlines to use

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Biofuels in 2026 and Beyond: 7 Key Questions to Grapple With

(S&P Global)  The biofuels sector is at a pivotal moment, facing shifting policies and a heightened focus on sustainability. Balancing multiple, sometimes competing, sometimes complementary priorities - from reducing carbon intensity and managing climate risks; to operating in a tough cost

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Trial Begins over Biofuel Mislabeling by Estonian Fuel Retailer

(ERR News)  Olerex and its majority owner and board member Andres Linnas went on trial Tuesday in Tartu, accused of mislabeling a shipment of fossil diesel as biofuel to meet quotas. The Prosecutor's Office alleges Linnas ordered Olerex employees in December 2022

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Syzygy Plasmonics Signs Landmark Commercial Offtake Agreement with Trafigura to Supply Advanced Sustainable Aviation Fuel

(Syzygy Plasmonics/PR Newswire) Binding six-year offtake agreement marks a significant milestone for the industry, paving the way for using abundant biogas to create cost-competitive SAF HOUSTON, Jan. 20, 2026 /PRNewswire/ -- Syzygy Plasmonics, a global leader in light-driven chemical reactor technology, today announced a binding

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RI to Oblige Aviation Industry Using SAF, Possibly from 2026

(Indonesian Palm Oil Association (GAPKI))  The Indonesian government has planned to oblige the use of bioavtur or sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) in aviation industry since 2026 or 2027. It will be started with the international flights. Effendi Manurung, Head of Bioenergy Engineering and

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Bio-Bunkering in 2026: Policy Uncertainty Rising as Market Moves

(ResourceWise) The maritime decarbonization story is far from a straight line. If anything, early 2026 is defined by a familiar tension: policy signals are wobbling, while industry preparation continues quietly and steadily. Here’s what matters now, and why the bio-bunkering opportunity may

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These Leaders Are Shaping the Transition to Clean Fuels

by Roberto Bocca (World Economic Forum)  • Scaling clean fuels will be central to industry and transport in the coming decades.  • Clean fuel projects are moving from pilots to industrial scale, proving that innovation and collaboration can deliver real impact, yet

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Indonesia to Mandate Ethanol-Blended Fuel by 2028, Minister Says

(Antara/Tempo)  Indonesian Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources, Bahlil Lahadalia, will mandate the use of ethanol blends in fuel oil by 2028 at the latest. "I assure you, no later than 2028 there will be a mandatory requirement for bioethanol. Perhaps in 2027-2028," said Bahlil

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Indonesia’s B50 Biodiesel Policy Seen to Boost Malaysia’s Palm Oil Competitiveness

by Danni Haizal Danial Donald (Bernama) Indonesia’s plan to implement a B50 biodiesel mandate is expected to strengthen Malaysia’s position in the global palm oil market by improving its price competitiveness and supply reliability, according to an economist. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia associate

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Will 2026 Be a Renewable Fuel Turning Point? 
7 Areas to Watch out for….

by Mikala Grubb, Sandra Winter-Madsen, Milica Folić and Sylvain Verdier (Topsoe/Biofuels Digest)  The renewable fuels industry has reached a critical juncture. After years of incremental progress, false starts and regulatory uncertainty, the sector is entering a phase that experts describe with

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Argus Has Launched a New Suite of Renewable Fuel Ticket Prices for the Netherlands.

(Argus Media) Global energy and commodity price reporting agency Argus has launched a new suite of renewable fuel ticket prices for the Netherlands. The country is gearing up to implement the latest update to the EU’s Renewable Energy Directive (RED III) and

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Considerations for Switching to SAF

by Luis Hoffman (Sulzer/Biodiesel Magazine) ... First-generation biodiesel (fatty acid methyl ester or FAME) producers who have the feedstock, capability and resources to switch to SAF production may hold the fate of air travel in their hands. A Growing Market for SAF  Although

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Sustainable Aviation Fuel Take-up in UK Unlikely to Hit 2025 Target, Data Suggests

by Gwyn Topham (The Guardian) Provisional figures in government mandate’s first year show 20% shortfall in levels of SAF supplied for UK flights -- Production data published by the Department for Transport (DfT) covering most of 2025 shows that sustainable fuels (SAF) only accounted for

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Ethanol Production Will Begin in Guatemala on June 30th of Next Year.

(Publi News)   Despite the environmental and economic benefits, the mandatory 10% ethanol blend with gasoline faces logistical and legal challenges for its final implementation in the country.  --  Ethanol , a biofuel derived from sugarcane or corn, will begin to be used

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Biofuels Mandates Around the World 2026

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Daily Digest today released its annual review of biofuels mandates and targets around the world, looking at the state of biofuels mandates in 65 countries. Get the latest up to the minute new information on the

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Open Call for Evidence -- SAF Mandate: Crop-Derived Sustainable Aviation Fuel Public Comment DEADLINE March 16, 2026

(U.K. Department for Transport)  In 2023, transport accounted for 35% of economy-wide greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions when including international aviation and maritime. The government is committed to delivering greener transport, which will support the missions to kickstart economic growth and make

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Are We on Track to Meet Long-Term SAF Targets?

by Archie Brown (IBA) ... “How much capacity would each region need in place by 2030 to stay on a credible long-term decarbonisation path?” Using ICAO’s 5% decarbonisation figure as a benchmark and combining ICAO’s latest regional SAF production capacity projections with

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Asia-Pacific Study Reveals Pessimistic Outlook for SAF Uptake by 2030 as Singapore Details Levy

by Tony Harrington (Green Air) A new assessment of sustainable aviation fuel across the Asia-Pacific region highlights low expectations of usage by 2030 without urgent policy support, saying multiple countries have proposed and discussed SAF targets but few have firm targets

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Viewpoint -- EU Ethanol Supported by Mandates in 2026

by Toby Shay (Argus Media) Ethanol prices in Europe look to be well supported in 2026, and demand for higher greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions saving product is expected to grow. This comes as the EU's updated Renewable Energy Directive (RED III) is

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KLM Endorses Wennink: Aviation Essential for the Economy and a Call for a National SAF Fund

(KLM Royal Dutch Airlines) KLM supports the call in the Wennink report "The Road to Future Prosperity" for the government to invest in a national SAF fund. This fund will allow the Netherlands to accelerate the production of alternative aviation fuels

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The ‘Ethanol Mandate’ Myth

by Geoff Cooper (Renewable Fuels Association/Wall Street Journal) Derrick Morgan and Mario Loyola ask “Can Trump’s EPA Break the Ethanol Habit?” (op-ed, Dec. 5), but they misunderstand the subject. The Renewable Fuel Standard isn’t an “ethanol mandate.” Refiners can blend any renewable fuel they’d

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Bioethanol in Ukraine: What Is It, Bioethanol Production and Market Development Prospects

(YouControl Market Blog (Google Translation)) Formation of the bioethanol market in Ukraine: potential and benefits  -- The modern world is actively switching to renewable energy sources, and bioethanol is attracting special attention as an ecological alternative to gasoline. This fuel has a

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The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to aireg’s Affordable SAF Initiative

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This guide argues that Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) is more financially viable for passengers than often perceived. Data presented by aireg shows that meeting ReFuelEU mandates—which rise to 70% by 2050—would increase ticket costs for a

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Airlines Warn Green Fuel Goals at Risk as Supply Falls Short

by Joanna Plucinska and Olivia Le Poidevin (Reuters) SAF production not meeting expected volumes, says IATA's Willie Walsh; SAF currently 0.3% of global jet fuel usage, projected 0.7% by 2025; Airlines blame producers for high SAF prices, insufficient production The global airline industry is

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DevvStream and Southern Energy Renewables Announce Business Combination Targeting Low-Cost Production of Carbon-Negative SAF and Green Methanol

(DevvStream/Business Wire) Combination integrates carbon-credit origination expertise with U.S.-produced, lower-cost carbon-negative fuels to meet growing global demand; Southern secures a $402 million bond allocation from the Louisiana Community Development Authority in support of its flagship biomass-to-fuel facility; Southern makes initial PIPE Investment in

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European Biomethane Benchmark: 2025 Edition

(SIA) The 8th edition of the European Biomethane Benchmark reveals sustained growth in the biomethane sector, in a context of expanding renewable energies and an evolving regulatory framework. The biomethane sector in Europe continues its strong growth momentum, with more than 1,500

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Government Boosts Advanced Biofuel Production through Expanded JI-VAN Yojana

by Shri Suresh Gopi (Minister of State in the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas/Lok Sabha/The Impressive Times)  The Government had notified the “Pradhan Mantri JI-VAN (Jaiv Indhan- Vatavaran Anukool fasal awashesh Nivaran) Yojana” 2019, amended in 2024, with the objectives to

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Petrobras Steps up Its Bet on Biofuels and Cuts Investment in Renewables

(BNamericas) Biofuels will have a prominent role in Petrobras’ energy transition area in the coming years, while solar and wind generation will advance more slowly in the oil company’s portfolio. On Friday (November 28), the state-run firm’s director of energy transition and sustainability,

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New Tide for Marine Propulsion

(Biofuels International) Biofuels are emerging as one of the most promising green alternatives to conventional marine fuels. Their production from renewable feedstocks significantly reduces lifecycle greenhouse-gas emissions compared with fossil fuel alternatives, and many biofuels are “drop-in” compatible. Stringent regulations like the

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Rolling out Biofuel Mandates

(Biofuels International) Over the past five years, several Asian countries have introduced or strengthened biofuel mandates as part of their strategies to enhance energy security, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and support agricultural economies. These policies have varied in scope and ambition,

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A Fiscal Incentive Program to Produce Sustainable Aviation Fuel from Used Cooking Oil in Indonesia

by Tenny Kristiana and Chelsea Baldino (International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT)) Indonesia is exploring pathways to incorporate sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) into its national biofuel program, with used cooking oil (UCO) emerging as a promising feedstock. This research brief examines how

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Can SAF Make Progress in Mandates without Incentives?

(ResourceWise) As the aviation sector races toward its 2050 net-zero target, Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) has emerged as its most immediate and scalable decarbonization tool. Across Europe, North America, and Asia, governments are introducing SAF blending mandates that require airlines to use a

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NFU: Expanded Biofuel Use Can Help Alleviate the Deepening Ag Crisis

by Erin Krueger (Ethanol Producer Magazine) The National Farmer Union is urging the White House and congressional leadership to dedicate resources toward expanding use of ethanol, biodiesel and sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) as part of any effort to provide assistance to

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Thailand's New Biofuel Roadmap: SAF Mandate, E20/B7 Focus

by Chullawan Kerdyam (The Nation) -- Thailand will mandate the use of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF), starting at 1% in 2026 and increasing to 8% by 2036.  -- The country is restructuring its road fuels to establish Gasohol E20 and Biodiesel B7

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RED III Passes Dutch Parliament, Reassuring Biofuels Traders of Timely Transposition into Law

by Olly Wroe and Suzanna Hayek (S&P Global)   Tweede Kamer adopts notable amendments; 'Jan. 1 implementation probable': sources; Initial market reaction is limited -- The Dutch House of Representatives, or Tweede Kamer, voted to implement the EU's Renewable Energy Directive, or RED III,

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Sustainable Aviation Fuel Offers Lifeline to Ethanol, Researchers Say

by Corbin Hiar (E&E News Climatewire)  The U.S. must implement new policies to kick-start production of bio-based jet fuel, according to a paper from the National Bureau of Economic Research. -- A new paper offers a policy road map for expanding U.S.

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APPA Biofuels Calls for Substantial Changes to the Draft Royal Decree on Renewable Fuels to Bring It into Compliance with EU Regulations.

(The Association of Renewable Energy Companies (APPA) (Google Translation))   APPA Biocarburantes considers that the draft Royal Decree on renewable fuels in transport presented by MITECO last July, which is currently being processed, requires substantial changes to adequately transpose the provisions on

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Indonesia Pushes for South-South Cooperation on Palm Oil Sustainability Standards

(EurActiv) Comprehensive global standards for palm oil management and trade are being developed through BRICS, CPOPC and FAO, but will they sync with the EU’s Deforestation Regulation? -- In July, Indonesian Deputy Foreign Minister Arif Havas Oegroseno announced a new push to develop

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Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) a Practical and Immediate Solution to Decarbonize the Aviation Sector, Says Union Minister Ram Mohan Naidu

(India Ministry of Civil Aviation)  Unveils SAF Feasibility Report - India’ roadmap to emerge as global leader in Sustainable Aviation Fuels Ministry of Civil Aviation, in partnership with the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and with support from the European Union has

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Investing in Biofuel Could Help Canadian Canola Producers Struggling with Tariffs

by Sam Maciag (CBC News)  Domestic renewable fuel production could make producers less reliant on exports, industry expert says -- As Saskatchewan Premier Scott Moe plans a trade mission to China to address recent tariffs the country imposed on Canadian canola exports, some of

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Tidewater Targets 2026 for Final Investment Decision on SAF Project

by Erin Krueger (Biodiesel Magazine) Tidewater Renewables on Aug. 14 announced its renewable diesel and renewable hydrogen (HDRD) complex in British Columbia operated at 72% of design capacity during the second quarter. The company continues to advance plans to add sustainable

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NOW is the Time to Allow Crop-Based British Bioethanol in the SAF Mandate

by Gaynor Hartnell (Renewable Transport Fuel Association)  RTFA calls for the UK’s SAF Mandate to be amended, to make British bioethanol eligible.  It should fall within the HEFA cap, i.e. allowing either HEFA or UK crop-based AtJ SAF to be used

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Flex Fuel Vehicle Market Outlook Report 2025-2034 Global Push For Higher Ethanol Blends Like E85 Drives FFV Adoption And Automaker Innovation

Nasdaq/Globe Newswire/MENAFN) The Flex Fuel Vehicle (FFV) market is projected to grow from USD 68.2 billion in 2025 to USD 115.8 billion by 2034, at a CAGR of 6.1%. Driven by environmental concerns, government incentives, and advancements in ethanol-blended fuels, the

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ATOBA Energy and Air Moana Forge Strategic Partnership to Accelerate Sustainable Aviation Fuel Deployment in French Polynesia

(ATOBA Energy) ATOBA Energy and Air Moana have signed an agreement to implement scalable solutions for the supply of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF). This strategic collaboration aims to ensure long-term SAF availability while supporting local initiatives to develop sustainable fuel production in

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EU's 'Green' Fuel Mandate Costly and Not Helping Environment, IATA Says

by Jun Yuan Yong (Reuters) The International Air Transport Association on Wednesday stepped up criticism of the European Union's sustainable aviation fuel mandate as a costly initiative that is not helping the environment as regional supplies there remain low. "The idea that

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XCF Global Reports Production of Renewable Fuels During Ramp-up Process

(XCF Global) XCF's New Rise Reno facility has produced SAF, renewable diesel, and renewable naphtha since February 2025 when the facility was commissioned; Deliveries of renewable fuels started in March 2025; Ramp-up process progressing during early months of commercial operation  XCF Global, Inc. ("XCF")

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Brazil Invites Indonesia to Join Global Biofuels Alliance

by Jayanty Nada Shofa (Jakarta Globe) Brazil is looking to bring the world’s largest palm oil producer Indonesia onto the Global Biofuels Alliance, a group of countries that seeks to bump up the uptake of sustainable biofuels. Biofuels took the center stage when Brazilian

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Biodiesel Manufacturing Plant Setup Report 2025: Cost Breakdown, Business Plan and Profitability

(IMARC Group/EIN Presswire)  Establishing a biodiesel manufacturing plant requires an in-depth market study coupled with detailed knowledge of operational components such as production processes, sourcing of raw materials, utility management, infrastructure development, machinery selection, workforce organization, logistics, and financial planning. Investing in

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ORLEN’s SAF Now Available at Polish Airports

(Biofuels International)   Aircraft departing from airports in Warsaw, Kraków and Katowice can now refuel with SAF, following ORLEN’s addition of the fuel to its commercial offering. The new type of aviation fuel significantly reduces greenhouse gas emissions, both during production and

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Report Plots $36 Billion Biofuel Market

by Tim Hall (EcoGeneration) Australia is gearing up to become a global force in low carbon liquid fuels (LCLFs). New modelling indicates a potential $36 billion domestic market by 2050 – driven largely by the agricultural sector. A recent report commissioned by the Clean

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Council Connects South Korea Delegation to U.S. SAF Industry Stakeholders

(U.S. Grains Council) The U.S. Grains Council (USGC) recently sponsored South Korea SAF experts to tour the U.S. alcohol-to-jet Fuel (ATJ) technology supply chain. Participants met with stakeholders ranging from low-carbon intensity (CI) corn farmers to ATJ SAF production technology companies

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An Overview of Regulatory Compliance for Policy Fuels

Ernie Pollitzer (Clean Energy Consultants/Biobased Diesel Daily)  Biodiesel, renewable diesel and SAF are often grouped together from a regulatory-compliance perspective, but these three distinct industries are headed in different directions. Biodiesel, renewable diesel and sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) are liquid fuels that

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Türkiye to Set Sustainable Aviation Fuel Mandates for Airlines, Suppliers

(Asharq Al-Awasat) Türkiye will set mandates for airlines and jet fuel suppliers to boost uptake of sustainable aviation fuel, with a goal of reducing aviation emissions by 5% by 2030, its civil aviation authority said on its website. The move is aimed

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XCF Global and Continual Renewable Ventures Announce Memorandum of Understanding to Launch New Rise Australia, a SAF and HVO Platform Powered by XCF

(XCF Global/Access Newswire)  Parties negotiating terms of definitive agreement; Agreement intended to launch New Rise Australia as a SAF and HVO platform driven by XCF's patent-pending site design and configuration; Agreement expected to include equity stake, license fees, and exclusive rights to the

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Fastmarkets Launches European Sustainable Aviation Fuel Price Assessments

By Misha Simonovska (Fastmarkets) The assessments will reflect the cost of production of a tonne of sustainable aviation fuel in the Netherlands, utilizing hydrotreated esters and fatty acids (HEFA) technology with used cooking oil as its feedstock. SAF price inputs include Fastmarkets’ AG-UCO-0011 Used cooking

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Bio-Feedstock Market Outlook (2025 to 2035)

(Fact.MR) The global bio-feedstock market is expected to reach USD 224.9 billion by 2035, up from USD 115.0 billion in 2024. During the forecast period from 2025 to 2035, the industry is projected to expand at a CAGR of 6.3%, as the market emerges to meet the growing demand for

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High Noon for Energy Supply at the Strait of Hormuz Parts 1 and 2

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) ... Renewable fuels aren’t perfect. They’re not glamorous. But they’re here. Domestic. Deployable. Real. And in a moment of where resilience counts, they may be the only thing standing between us and a fuel system too brittle to

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Policy Shortcomings Puts SAF Production at Risk, Said IATA Chief

(Biofuels International)  The International Air Transport Association (IATA) expects sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) production to reach 2 million tonnes (Mt) (2.5 billion litres) or 0.7% of airlines’ total fuel consumption in 2025. “While it is encouraging that SAF production is expected

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Ukraine Delays Fines for Biofuel Content in Gasoline Until 2026

(Mezha) As reported by the People’s Deputy from “Holos” Yaroslav Zheleznyak in his Telegram channel  --  The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine has passed a decision to postpone fines for failing to meet bio-component content requirements in gasoline until January 1, 2026. This was

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Business Aviation Leader Luxaviation and Haffner Energy Join Forces to Accelerate SAF Production and Promotion

(Luxaviation) Luxaviation Signals Interest in Active Role in SAF-Dedicated Entity SAF Zero  - SAF Zero, a Haffner Energy initiative, is gaining momentum: Luxaviation Group, a leading global operator in the business aviation sector, is exploring an active role in the new entity,

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The United States Should Not Turn Food into Aviation Fuel

by Dan Lashof and Audrey Denvir (World Resources Institute) Emissions from domestic aviation are responsible for 3 percent of annual US greenhouse gas output and are expected to increase by 2–3 percent per year through midcentury unless the course is corrected. In

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The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to LanzaJet

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Jimmy Samartzis of LanzaJet spoke on building the new SAF industry. He highlighted the LanzaJet Freedom Pines Fuels (FPF) plant, their First-of-a-Kind (FOAK) facility. Mechanical completion occurred in May 2024, grand opening in August 2024. Despite

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The Oil and Gas Industry Is Leaving Ambitions for Net-Zero Aviation on the Tarmac — and Here’s What Can Be Done about It

by Emily Hickson (Climate Catalyst)  ... When I attended the SAF Investor Conference in February 2024, I couldn’t help but notice that the incumbent fuel suppliers were missing from the room. That is strange when you consider that oil majors dominate

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Praj, IATA, and ISMA Join Forces to Advance SAF Carbon Assessment and Certification in India

(Praj) Partnership aims to determine carbon intensity of sugarcane-based jet fuel and develop India-specific certification aligned with ISCC and RSB CORSIA standards. India is taking decisive steps toward decarbonizing its aviation sector, with a SAF blending mandate targeting 1% by 2027 and

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Malaysia Expands Biodiesel Usage of B10 to B20 on Ground Transport Vehicles at Main Airport

(Reuters/The Business Times) The usage of palm biodiesel would reduce dependence on fossil fuels -- Malaysia is expanding its biodiesel usage to ground transport vehicles at its main international airport as part of efforts to achieve net-zero carbon emissions by 2050, the

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Infinium Announces Construction of Large Scale eFuels Production Facility in Texas

(Infinium) Project Roadrunner, a sustainable aviation fuel plant in West Texas, to bring skilled jobs and generate economic growth for the region -- Infinium, the world’s leading producer of commercially available eFuels, announced today that construction is underway on its second U.S.-based

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The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to a Public Call for Investments in Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) and Low-Carbon Shipping Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This presentation summarizes the key information presented by Artur Yabe Milanez regarding the BNDES’s Public Call for investments in sustainable aviation fuels (SAF) and low-carbon shipping fuels. The initiative, launched in August 2024 with an initial

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What Is Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) and How Does It Fit into the Renewable Energy Supply Chain?

By Timothy Worledge (Fastmarkets)  Fastmarkets is due to launch a new European based sustainable aviation fuel price, but what is the significance of this renewable energy? --  Sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) is a renewable fuel that can replace jet fuel – derived from

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Biodiesel’s Evolution in a Changing Renewable Fuels Market

(Biofuels International)  ... The increased focus on HVO and SAF has put pressure on biodiesel producers as they compete for the same feedstocks. In certain regions, however, biodiesel has maintained a stronghold. In Brazil, for example, biodiesel is a very strong market.

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Community-Based Biofuels Offer ‘Sensible’ Alternative to Palm Oil for Indonesia, Analysis Shows

by Hans Nicholas Jong (Mongabay)  Indonesia’s current biofuel strategy relies heavily on expanding oil palm plantations to meet its B40 and upcoming B50 biodiesel mandates, which could cause up to $4.72 billion in environmental and social damage. A proposed alternative scenario by

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SAF Production Surges in US Despite Uncertainty

by Fayaz Hussain (SAF Investor)  When the US President Donald Trump took office earlier this year, many in the renewables space (including SAF) held their breath. His early announcements about pausing the funding announced through the Inflation Reduction Act – especially

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Titan Helps Operators to Comply with EU SAF Mandates

by Yves Le Marquand (Corporate Jet Investor)  Titan Aviation Fuels International is offering business aviation operators support in complying with the ReFuelEU mandate. -- The mandate, which was introduced in January 2025, requires operators that fly more than 500 flights annually to

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Senate Will Try to Block California Vehicle Standards that Would Phase out Gas-Powered Cars

by Mary Clare Jalonick and Matthew Daly (Associated Press)  The U.S. Senate will move this week to block California from enforcing a series of vehicle emissions standards that are tougher than the federal government’s, including first-in-the-nation rules phasing out the sale

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Zero-rating: Biofuel Mandates and the Use of Poc

(Norwegian Environment Agency)  Biofuels reported in a national biofuel mandate can be zero-rated in the EU ETS and ETS2. Poc can be used to document zero-rating for 2024 and 2025.  --  Operators of installations, aircraft operators, shipping companies and regulated entities (hereafter

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From Carbon to Commerce: What Canada's Federal Election Means for Ethanol

by Andrea Kent (Renewable Industries Canada/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  This column is being written immediately after Canada’s federal election. The Liberals have secured a historic fourth term while Conservatives reached their highest vote count in 40 years. Yet, amid this, one of

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Lack of Sustainable Aviation Fuel May Increase Airfares

by Harrison Minihane (Travel Radar) The World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC) warned on May 15 that a shortage of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) could increase airfares and restrict travel options. ... China however requires airlines to be using a 15% SAF blend by

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States Support Low-Carbon Futures

by Susanne Retka Schill (Ethanol Producer Magazine) ... (Terry) Wanzek also serves in the state legislature. So, when approached by the state’s ethanol association to sponsor legislation, he needed little convincing. “We grow a lot of corn and you can draw lines

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Airbus Sees Region as Biofuel for Aircraft Hub

(Bangkok Post) Thailand to account for 5m tonnes a year  --  Airbus is banking on Southeast Asia becoming the world's top producer of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), while the Civil Aviation Authority of Thailand (CAAT) plans to mandate 1% SAF usage for

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SAF Market Faces Falling Near-Term Premiums, but EU Mandates Could Create a Shortfall

by Thomas Washington (S&P Global) Airlines have limited profitability, so SAF price matters; SAF industry hopes for demand rise from European mandates; eSAF even costlier than SAF due to feedstock challenges  --  The premium of sustainable aviation fuel over conventional jet fuel has dwindled

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China's Zhejiang Jiaao Gets Rare Export License for SAF

(Hydrocarbon Processing) China's Zhejiang Jiaao Enprotech said on Wednesday its subsidiary had obtained a state-granted export license for sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) for 2025. This is one of the first such permits Beijing has granted to the country's nascent low-carbon aviation fuel

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2025: The Year of SAF Mandates

(Argus Media) An Argus overview on SAF regulations, market fundamentals and prices READ MORE

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reed Community activity community college Community involvement/engagement community scale Community Wood Energy Program competition compliance compliance credits compost Compressed Natural Gas (CNG/R-CNG/bioCNG) compression ratios compression-ignition engine computer simulation concrete condensate Congo Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Congressional Review Act Connecticut Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP) construction and demolition waste/debris consumer education contamination contest contrails conversion technology Cook Islands cook stoves cooking fuel cooperatives COP21 COP22 COP23 COP24 COP25 COP26 COP27 COP28 COP29 COP30 COP31 copper coppice copra CORCs (CO2 Removal Certificates) cordgrass corn bran Corn cobs corn ethanol corn fiber corn growers corn harvest corn husk corn kernel corn meal corn oil corn oil/distillers corn oil (DCO) corn prices corn stalks corn stover corn supply corn surplus corn syrup corn-based products corn/maize Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards corporate social responsibility corrosion corruption CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) cosmetics Costa Rica cotton cotton seed hulls cotton seed oil cotton stalk cottonwood Council on Environmental Quality county cover crops cow rumen cracking Crambe crassulacean acid metabolism plants (CAM) crimes criteria pollutants Croatia crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude lignin oil (CLO) crude oil Cruise Ships Cuba cup plant cuphea currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cusi Customs and Border Protection cutworm caterpillars cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) cylindro Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs d-5 D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D20 (20%DME) D5 (5%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency) date kernel oil date palm date palm pits date palm waste Dates DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act deficit definitions deforestation defossilization Dehydration Delaware DeltaWing demonstration demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify density Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security Department of Justice Department of Labor Department of the Interior Department of Transportation (DOT) depolymerization depots dextrose dfdsffsfdfsf diatoms diesel Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) diesel fuel blendstock diesel prices Diesel R5 diesel with renewables diesel-range hydrocarbons diesel-to-biodiesel conversion diethyl ether digital Digital Biology diisobutylene (DIB) dilute acid hydrolysis pretreatment DIN 51605 DIN EN 15376 (Ethanol blending component) direct air capture direct injection direct ocean capture Direct Sugar to Hydrocarbon Conversion (DSHC) direct-to-fuel directed evolution dispense distillates distillation distilled biodiesel distilled palm methyl ester (DPME) distilleries distributed/centralized distribution distribution capacity distribution waiver diversification divestment DME/rDME (dimethyl ether)/renewable DME DMF (2.5-dimethylfuran) Dominican Republic double cropping drawdown Drones/Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) drop-in biofuels/hydrocarbons drought drought tolerant drought-resistant dry ice dual cropping dual-fuel/flex fuel ships Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas (SNG)) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E100 E100 conversion kit E10M90 ethanol/methanol E11 E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E2 E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E3 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E32 E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E70 diesel E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency egg shell Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric Vehicle (EV) Prices electric grid electricity electricity price electricity/power generation electricity/power transmission electrocatalysis electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels (e-fuels) electrofuels (e-fuels) prices electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) electrons Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants embargo eminent domain emissions emissions standards EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 EN 228 EN 590 EN228 (standard pump gasoline) end user end-of-life Endangered Species Act (ESA) Energy Bill energy cane energy consumption energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy prices energy reserves Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine Development engine problems Engine/Fuel Co-optimization engineering England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment environmental attributes environmental impact study (EIS) environmental justice/socially inclusive environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Environmentalists Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic depolymerization enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling Enzyme solicitation enzymes EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) Equatorial Guinea equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia Eswatini/Swaziland ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) etha ethane ethanol ethanol benefits ethanol blend wall ethanol blended diesel ED ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol emissions ethanol ether diesel fuel ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol to gas ethanol tolerance ethanol-fueled aircraft Ethanol-to-Gasoline (ETG) ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/diesel ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethyl levulinate (EL) ethylbenzene ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order executive order--state Extended Range Electric Vehicle (EREV) externalities extremophiles f F Factor F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farmers farming farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation Feedstocks fermentation ferry fertilizer fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) Fischer-Tropsch/FT fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOAK (First of a Kind) FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources Forest Service forestry forklifts Formate formic acid fossil carbon fossil fuel Frace fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud free fatty acids (FFA) Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon gallium Gambia games gas prices gas tax/highway user fee gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gasoline-range hydrocarbons Gemany General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Gerrmany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) Intensity giant cane giant kelp Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect Global South global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grain sorghum/milo grain speculators grains GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery green/black economy Greenhouse Gas Protocol (GHGP) Greenland GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala Guava Seed guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Guinea Bissau Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP gypsum h hairy vetch Haiti Halophytes harvest site processing harvesting Hawai'i hay hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ HDO-SAK (hydro deoxygenated synthetic aromatic kerosene) health health benefits health effects heat of combustion heat of vaporization heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) high octane low carbon (HOLC) fuel High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 HVO20 HVO30 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrid ships hybrids hydrocarbon fuels Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydroformylation hydrogen aircraft hydrogen carrier hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen internal combustion engines hydrogen leaks hydrogen pipeline hydrogen pumps/fueling stations hydrogen tax credit hydrogen terminal Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Price hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogenolysis hydropower Hydroprocessed Esters and Fatty Acids Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (HEFA-SKA) Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal gasification hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois Illiois illuppai ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indian beech tree Indian grass Indiana indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial burners industrial ethanol industrial gases industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated biorefineries integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine (ICE) internal combustion engine (ICE)/gasoline engine ban International international balance of payments International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Sustainability and Carbon Certification model(ISCC) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit Invvesting ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron iron oxide IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISB10 isobutanol ISB15 isobutanol ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isobutylene isomerisation isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica jamelão Japan jatobá Jatropha Jersey Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 jet B Jetfuel (Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs Joint Office of Energy and Transportation jojoba Jordan JP-10 JP-4 JP-5/NATO F-44 JP-8/NATO F-34 juniper Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kalanchoe kamani Kans grass Kansas Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati knotweed Knowledge Discovery Framework Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kulpa kusum Kuwait Kygryzstan labels labor policy Labrador lactic acid lactose Lake County lamp oil land ownership land prices land rights land subsidence land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy landfill methane Landfills landscape Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead Leadtree leaf ant Lebanon lecithin legislation Legislation-Federal Legislation-State legumes lemna lend-lease Lesotho lesquerella leucaena levulinic acid Liberia Libya licensing lichens life cycle analysis (LCA) light rail lignin Lignin Ethanol Oil (LEO) Lignocellulosic Biofuel lignocellulosic sugars lime linseed Lipid liquefaction liquid liquid petroleum gas (LPG) liquid transportation fuels liquidation Liquified Biogas (LBG) Liquified Biogas (LBG) pumps liquified biomethane (LBM) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logistics long-term contracts Louis Louisiana low c low carbon emissions low carbon octane standard (LCOS) Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel low sulfur fuel low sulfur marine fuel LSMGO (Low Sulfur Marine Gas Oil) lubricants lumber mill lupin Luxembourg lysis M100 M15 M3 M50 ma macadamia macauba Macedonia machine learning machinery macororo Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona management changes mandates mangaba manganese mango mangrove Manitoba mannose manure maple maps marginal land marine algae Marine Corps Marine Diesel Oil (MDO) Marine Fuel Oil Marine Gas Oil (MGO) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) price Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel Terminal Marine/maritime renewable fuel terminal/bunkering Maritime Administration (MARAD) market forces market share marketing markets/sales Mars Marshall Islands Maryland Masdar Institute mass balance standard Massachusetts Master Limited Partnership (MLP) Mauritania Mauritius Mazda meat mechanics training medical waste MEEC membranes mergers and acquisitions mesquite methanation methane leaks methane/biomethane methanization methanol benefits methanol fuel cells methanol hybrid methanol price Methanol-to-Gasoline Methanol-to-Jet (MTJ-SPK) Methanol-to-Jet Cyclo Paraffins with Aromatics (MtJ-CKA) Methanol/Biomethanol/Renewable Methanol methylbutenol Mexico Michelin GreenX Challenge Michigan micro-crop microalgae microbial electrosynthesis microbiology microorganisms/microbes microwave Mid-Atlantic Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military reserves military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels milk permeate millennium fruit millet millettia pinnata milo stover mineralization minerals mining Minn Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold Moldova molinia molybdenum MON (Motor Octane Number) Monaco Mongolia mongongo monitoring/measuring reporting verifiction (MRV) Montana Montenegro moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles motors MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES2014 MOVES3 (MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator model) Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed mvr Myanmar n-butanol n-butene nahar Namibia nano nano particles nanocatalysts nanocellulose nanomaterials naphtha/bionaphtha/renewable naphtha naphthene NASCAR National Academies of Science National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) National Energy Council National Environmental Policy Act National Guard National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Laboratory National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Oilheat Research Alliance National Park Service National Research Council National Science Foundation (NSF) national security National Security Council National Transportation Safety Board National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) Native American/American Indian/First Nation Tribes natural gas Natural Gas Act natural gas input natural gas pipelines natural gas prices natural gas vehicles natural gasoline Navy Nebraska neem negative carbon emissions NEN 7427-1 neodymium Nepal net energy balance Netherlands Nevada New Brunswick new fuel approval New Guinea New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New South Wales New York New Zealand Newfoundland Newfoundland and Labrador next generation biofuels next generation vehicles NHRA drag racing Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrogen starvation nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota North Korea Northeast Northern Australia northern catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory Northwest Territories Norwary Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds nuclear Nunavut nut shells nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition oak oat hulls oat straw oats Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) Office of Science Technology and Policy (OSTP) Offices of Inspector Generals offtake agreements Ohio oil oil embargo oil exploration oil monopoly oil p oil price parity oil prices oil production oil refineries oil replacement oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil speculators oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes oil/gas terminals Oilcane Oils Oklahoma olefins oligomerization olive cake olive oil olive pits olive pomace olive water olives Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm ammonia production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing on-site hydrogen production on-site methanol production one p one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontaio Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) open fuel standard open pond opportunity zones optimized flex fuel vehicles orange peel orchard grass orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells Organization for Economic 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pet food petition petroleum pharmaceuticals phase separation Philippines phosphorus photobioreactor photocatalysis/photocatalysts photoelectrocatalysis photoelectrochemical photolysis photosynthesis phragmites pigeon pea pilot pilot scale pine pine beetle pine needles pine nut pineapple Pineapple leaf pinion Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Admin (PHMSA) pipelines Pistacia chinensis PLA plant cell research plant cell walls plant oil plastic plastic-to-jet platinum Plug-in Flex Fuel Hybrid Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) plume grass Poand podcasts Poland poli Policy politics pollinators pollution pollution control polyethylene polyfuel polymer polymerization polysaccharides pomace pomegranates pongamia pongamia pinnata poplar poppy population control Portable refinery Portugal poster sessions potamogeton potassium potato poultry litter/waste power power-to-x/gas/liquid prairie grasses pre-processing precision farming/agriculture precursors/biointermediates premium gasoline Pretreatment pretreatment equipment price price of water prickly pear Prince Edward Island process flow diagram producer tax credit Production tax credit productivity project insurance propagating Propane/Biopropane/Renewable Propane propane/renewable propane pumps propanol property insurance propylene protectionism protein protests proton exchange membrane (PEM) public comments public health policy Puerto Rico pulp Pulp/Paper Mill pump retrofit kit pumps/fueling station pungam Punnai tree pyrolysis pyrolytic liquefaction Q-RIN QAP Qatar quality assurance Quality Assurance Plans (QAPs) quality improvement quantum dots Quebec Queensland quote of the week r R Factor R100/RD100 R33 R5 R95B5/RD95B5 R99/RD99 rabbits race radiata pine radish leaves Rahal Letterman Lanigan Racing railroad rain tree rainforest ranchers RAND rare earth metal/critical minerals RD10 RD100 RD15 RD20 RD26 RD3 RD30 RD40 RD50 RD55 RD80 RD80B20 RD99 reclaimed mine lands Recycled Carbon Fuel (RCF) recycled oil recycled 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rice bran oil rice hulls rice husks rice price rice straw/paddy straw RICO (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act) RIMPAC RINs (Renewable Identification Numbers) RINs markets RINs price risk management RJ-4 RJ-6 RME (rape methyl ester) RME180 RNA (Ribonucleic acid) RNG tax credit roadmap rocket fuel Romania RON (Research Octane Number) rosin rotation crops Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials (RSB) royalties RP-1 RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber rubber seeds rumen ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Rural Renewable Energy Pilot Program rushes Russia Russian olive rutabaga Rwanda ry rye Rye grass rye straw s saccharification SAF pipeline SAF10 SAF30 SAF40 SAFc (Sustainable Aviation Fuel certificates) Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower sago sago pond weed SAIC sal tree Salicornia salt water salt-tolerant saltbush saltcedar Samoa Sanctions Santa Monica sardine oil Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Advisory Board (SAB) Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) Science Policy scooters Scotland scum sea level rise seaports seashore mallow seawater seaweed cultivation Seaweed/Macroalgae second-generation biofuel income tax credit Section 526 Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) seed husks seed-to-wheel Senegal Serbia sesame sewage Seychelles shale shale gas shale oil shark oil Shea sheep shellfish shipping shipping containers shipworm siam weed Sierra Leone silage silica Silphie/cup plant/Indian cup silver silver maple simarouba Singapore Singpore sisal SK slash Slovakia/Slovak Republic Slovenia sludge Small Business Administration Small Business Innovatin Research (SBIR) Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) Program small engines small refinery exemption (SRE) smog smokestack soap soapstock Social social benefit investing social cost social value social venture Society of Automotive 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benefit tax credits tax incentives tax parity tax policy taxes tea teach teach-the-teacher teacher teacher resources teacher training tech transfer technical course Technical Readiness Levels techno-economic analysis technology transfer telephone utility poles Tennessee termites terpenes terrestrial carbon testing Texas textbook Thailand theft therapeutics Thermal catalytic depolymerization (TCD) thermal deoxygenation thermocatalytic conversion thermochemical conversion thermochemical liquefaction Tibet Tier 3 Tier 4 tilapia tillage Timor-Leste tires tobacco tobacco tree Togo Tokyo toluene tomato Tonga tool Toronto torrefaction totai Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) trade trade dispute/discrimination trade group trade organization Trade Policy trade secrets training trains transesterification transgenics transition Transportation Fuels Policy Transportation Fuels Policy--Municipal Transportation Fuels Policy--State Transportation Policy travel policy Treasury Department trees 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