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University of São Paulo (USP) Tests First Renewable Hydrogen Plant Based on Ethanol

(Agência FAPESP*)  The University of São Paulo (USP) is testing the world’s first experimental station dedicated to the production of renewable hydrogen from ethanol. The project, carried out by the Research Center for Greenhouse Gas Innovation (RCGI), represents a milestone

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First-ever National Forest Biomass Risk Assessment Receives Interim Approval

(U.S. Endowment for Forestry and Communities) National forests practice responsible forest management, legally source wood and show minimal risk in sustainable biomass sourcing. -- The first-ever Regional Risk Assessment (RRA) for National Forest System lands under the Sustainable Biomass Program (SBP) has been completed

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Engines Work: Powering Progress at the National Mall

by Allen Schaeffer (Engine Technology Forum) ... Organized by the Association of Equipment Manufacturers, the biennial event brings an impressive display of equipment right to the doorstep of federal policymakers. The Engine Technology Forum’s exhibit highlighted our Engines Work campaign, emphasizing how and why advanced

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Onboard Carbon Capture Most Effective with Biofuels, Langh Tech Tells Greek Owners

by Georgios Georgiou (Riviera) The greatest potential for onboard carbon capture (OCC) lies in its integration with biofuels, according to Langh Tech, the Finnish green tech company developing its own OCC system  --  Part of the Langh Group – which is also active

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HYNOCA® recognized as EU-funded REFORMERS’ Renewable Energy Valley Project in Netherlands Awarded World Hydrogen 2025 Prize, Clean Project Category

(Haffner Energy)  The 5th World Hydrogen Awards threw Haffner Energy’s unique biomass-based solution HYNOCA® in the limelight today as one of the two hydrogen-production technologies selected for the first Renewable Energy Valley project developed under the umbrella of the Horizon Europe-funded

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Zero-rating: Biofuel Mandates and the Use of Poc

(Norwegian Environment Agency)  Biofuels reported in a national biofuel mandate can be zero-rated in the EU ETS and ETS2. Poc can be used to document zero-rating for 2024 and 2025.  --  Operators of installations, aircraft operators, shipping companies and regulated entities (hereafter

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4AIR Verifies More than 100 Locations Globally Carrying SAF

by Meghan Sapp (Biofuels Digest)  In Ohio, 4AIR has officially verified more than 100 locations around the world carrying Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) on its interactive “Where to Find SAF” map https://www.4air.aero/saf-map. The SAF map, powered by 4AIR and now also available on Aviation

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How to Design a Biomanufacturing Process for Success

by Noah Helman (Industrial Microbes/Biofuels Digest) ... 78% of consumers consider environmental sustainability important, and aspire to lead more sustainable lives, which is why sustainable products are growing at a rate 2.7 times faster than non-sustainable products. While some people are

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Washington Governor Signs Bill to Update the State’s Clean Fuel Standard

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Washington Gov. Bob Ferguson on May 17 signed a bill that sets more ambitious targets for the state’s Clean Fuel Standard. The new law requires a 45% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2038 when

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Delta Air Lines Supports Michigan SAF Legislation

(Delta Airlines/Ethanol Producer Magazine) Delta Air Lines on May 7 announced its strong support for new bipartisan, bicameral legislation that will accelerate the growth of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) in Michigan while strengthening the state’s agricultural economy and creating new opportunities

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From Carbon to Commerce: What Canada's Federal Election Means for Ethanol

by Andrea Kent (Renewable Industries Canada/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  This column is being written immediately after Canada’s federal election. The Liberals have secured a historic fourth term while Conservatives reached their highest vote count in 40 years. Yet, amid this, one of

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Trial Cultivation of Camelina for Biofuel Kicks off in Oman

by Jomar Mendoza (Oman Daily Observer) MUSCAT: In a groundbreaking move aimed at advancing green energy and sustainable agriculture, Hema Energy—through its alternative energy arm X2E LLC—has commenced a trial cultivation of Camelina sativa in Oman in collaboration with ARA Petroleum

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Preventing Biofuels Sustainability Fraud and Unfair Competition

(European Biodiesel Board/Politico) Amid concerns over sustainability fraud, the European biodiesel industry is pushing for regulatory reform. -- As Europe accelerates efforts to decarbonize transportation, biofuels have emerged as an important solution. These CO2-neutral fuels ― derived from sustainable feedstocks including crops and waste

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White House Ends Use of Carbon Cost

by Michael Ball (Argus Media) The US is ending its use of a metric for estimating the economic damages from greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, the latest reversal of climate change policies supported by President Donald Trump's predecessors. The White House Office of

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Scientists Hail New ‘Industrially Viable Technology’ that Can Squeeze Hydrogen From Seawater

(Fuel Cells Works)  Scientists say they have developed a new technology capable of extracting clean hydrogen fuel directly from seawater. SHARJAH, EMIRATE OF SHARJAH, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES -- Researchers from the University of Sharjah claim to have developed a novel technology capable

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BNQ and CSA Group Introduce New Standard for Hydrogen Production and Carbon Intensity

by Aida Čučuk (Offshore Energy) Canadian certification body, the Bureau de normalisation du Québec (BNQ), and compatriot standards organization, CSA Group, have published the ‘Joint Canada-U.S. National Standard’ – a methodology for reporting the production pathway and carbon intensity of hydrogen. As disclosed,

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Norden to Grow MPP Fleet with Two More Fuel-Efficient, Biofuel-Capable Ships

by Naida Hakirevic Prevljak (Offshore Energy)  Danish shipping company Norden has decided to expand its fleet with another two fuel-efficient, biofuel-compatible 17,500 dwt multipurpose vessels.  --  On May 14, 2025, the company said it signed agreements for the two additional newbuilding leases

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Ethanol Blog -- California Cliff: Gasoline Crunch Could Open Doors Wider to E85 as More Refineries Close

by Todd Neeley (DTN Progressive Farmer)  California is in a bind.  The state could lose up to 17% of its refining capacity starting this year. As of the beginning of May, companies announced plans to close production at three refineries. ... Unless California regulators on

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How Farmers Edge and National Sorghum Producers Are Removing Friction from Sustainability Reporting

(Farmers Edge and National Sorghum Producers/AG Funder News)  Farmers Edge and National Sorghum Producers (NSP) have joined forces to solve a major data challenge in agriculture: building a scalable, trusted system to capture sustainability data directly from growers and deliver it across the ethanol

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Exclusive: Swiss Startup Picks Rotterdam for Green Aviation Fuel Plant

(The Next Web)  Metafuels aims to decarbonise jet fuel using 'aerobrew' -- Swiss tech startup Metafuels has unveiled plans to open its first commercial-scale sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) plant in the Port of Rotterdam.  Metafuels’ CEO Saurabh Kapoor told TNW that Turbe represents a “major

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OPAL Fuels Announces Joint Venture for North Carolina Renewable Natural Gas Production Facility

(OPAL Fuels/Business Wire) OPAL Fuels (Nasdaq: OPAL) announced today that it has entered into a joint venture with an affiliate of environmental services leader Republic Services, Inc. (NYSE: RSG) for a new biogas-to-renewable natural gas (“RNG”) facility at Republic’s Charlotte Motor Speedway

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Swedish-Produced Biomethane Bunkered at the Port of Gothenburg

(Port of Gothenburg)  For the first time, St1 and St1 Biokraft have delivered their own Swedish-produced liquefied biomethane to the maritime sector — as Terntank's vessel Tern Ocean was bunkered at the Port of Gothenburg. St1 and St1 Biokraft are now

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The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to Upgrading Lower Alcohols to Higher Alcohols & SAF

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Terra Mater BV presented on their technology to catalytically convert lower carbon alcohols into higher carbon alcohols for Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF). Key takeaways included the potential of their TM-ATJ-SPK fuel blend to improve properties like

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Topsoe’s Advanced SAF Technology Chosen by Zhongneng Yida in China

by Ulrik Frøhlke (Topsoe) o Topsoe has been selected by Zhongneng Yida New Energy Co., Ltd (Zhongneng Yida) to deliver technology for production of Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) at a new facility.  o The facility will be located at the city of

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The Bioenergy Two-Step: Learning from the Petroleum Playbook

by Jim Spaeth (Biofuels Digest) ...  Call it the Bioenergy Two-Step.   Step one: convert locally available biomass into a flexible intermediate—something like syngas, pyrolysis oil, or even ethanol.  Step two: move that intermediate to a larger-scale facility—a dedicated biorefinery, or even a co-processing

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Digest Connect: Velocys and GIC Group

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Diges) This week, we focused on new ways to approach commercialization — new structures for scale. Velocys has come out with a new licensing approach and we’re going to examine what that means for the world-wide

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GOP Plan Would Let Oil, Carbon Pipelines Use Eminent Domain

by  Mike Soraghan (Politico Pro Energywire) The proposal could help pipeline projects stalled by states but upset rural constituents who fought a major carbon dioxide project in the Midwest. --  A House Republican proposal to extend federal eminent domain power to developers of

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Claiming the 45Z Tax Credit

by Danielle Anderson & Kari Buttenhoff (Ethanol Producer Magazine) The 45Z Clean Fuel Production Tax Credit presents renewable fuel producers with a valuable opportunity to capitalize on their low-carbon fuel production while incentivizing further reductions in carbon intensity (CI). Recent guidance issued

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Engineering Excellence: Katzen

by Katie Schroeder (Ethanol Producer Magazine) Seventy years after its founding by Raphael Katzen, the company that bears his name remains committed to his core tenets: integrity, objectivity and excellence.  ... Katzen began his career developing processes for paper pulp production and acid

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Gevo Shifts Focus for ATJ Project to North Dakota

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) Gevo Inc. CEO Patrick Gruber discussed plans for a proposed 30 MMgy alcohol-to-jet (ATJ) project in North Dakota during the company’s first quarter earnings call, held May 13. The company has not disclosed a timeline

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Fermentation Forward: To Bring Any New Commercial Yeast, Enzyme or Additive Product to the Ethanol Industry, IFF Completes Years of Research

by Luke Geiver (Ethanol Producer Magazine) ... The size of the actual yeast strains used in any given plant may be micrometers small, but the amount of time and resources that go into proving out and producing strains capable of helping

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States Support Low-Carbon Futures

by Susanne Retka Schill (Ethanol Producer Magazine) ... (Terry) Wanzek also serves in the state legislature. So, when approached by the state’s ethanol association to sponsor legislation, he needed little convincing. “We grow a lot of corn and you can draw lines

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Boost for British Green Aviation Fuel Production to Support Jobs and Lift off Emerging Industry

(U.K. Department for Transport and Mike Kane MP)  New sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) measures will support aviation expansion and meet decarbonisation goals.  new laws introduced today (May 14, 2025) will increase homegrown sustainable aviation fuel, positioning the UK as a world leading destination for the

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Australia's Largest Import of Sustainabil Aviation Fuel Lands in Sydney

(Qantas)  Qantas, Sydney Airport and Ampol, supported by Qantas’ SAF Coalition partners, have today marked the largest ever commercial importation of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) into Australia, with nearly two million litres of unblended SAF arriving this week. Sustainable Aviation Fuel

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Sinobunker Sets New Record for Largest Biofuel Bunkering Operation in China

(Manifold Times) Company successfully delivered 4,200 mt of B24 bio bunker fuel to “KIRSTEN MAERSK” at Ningbo Beilun Third Container Terminal, also marking its first biofuel refuelling operation in East China. -- China Shipping & Sinopec Suppliers Co Ltd (SinoBunker) recently said

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Completion of the First e-Fuel Plant Module!

(INERATEC) The first module of our e-Fuel pioneer plant was picked up from the INERATEC headquarters in Karlsruhe after a successful FAT (Factory Acceptance Test). It was then transported to its destination in the Industrial Park Frankfurt Höchst, where it is

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Maersk Struggles with Methanol Ship Engine Problems, Bunkering Non-Standardization

(Ocean Press) "Engine maintenance takes too much effort" -- Maersk is struggling with engine problems and bunkering non-standards on its methanol-powered container ships. “We are experiencing ongoing issues with our methanol dual-fuel propulsion engines on container ships, and as a result, we are

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Methanol-Fueled Offshore Wind Farm Crew Transport Vessel (CTV) Completed: The World's First Car to Use Only Bio-methanol Fuel, Contributing to Decarbonization

(NYK) The Transporter, a methanol-fueled crew transfer vessel (CTV) owned and operated by Northern Offshore Services (NOS), a subsidiary of Northern Offshore Group (NOG), an offshore wind power generation-related business of the NYK Group, has recently been delivered. The vessel is

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North Dakota Judges Decline to Dismiss Lawsuits against Summit Carbon Pipeline

by Jeff Beach (North Dakota Monitor/Des Moines Register) - Two North Dakota judges ruled against Iowa-based Summit Carbon Solutions, allowing lawsuits by landowners to proceed.  - North Dakota landowners are challenging Summit's carbon capture pipeline project over safety concerns and the

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Colorado Company Powers Secondhand Sales for Lululemon, The North Face and Patagonia

by Elsa Wenzel (Trellis) Tersus’s innovative liquid CO₂ cleaning technology preserves garments while minimizing waste and microfiber shedding. The process uses carbon captured at a nearby ethanol plant and shipped to the cleaning facility. READ MORE  --  Tersus Solutions is positioning itself

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Ardagh Glass Packaging Successfully Trials Lower-Carbon Biofuel at UK Facility

(Ardagh Group) Ardagh Glass Packaging-Europe (AGP-Europe), an operating business of Ardagh Group, has successfully completed an industrial fuel switching trial to produce glass packaging using biofuel in the furnace at its Knottingley, UK facility. The £6 million industrial fuel switching trial, funded by

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Marubeni and ExxonMobil’s Low-Carbon Ammonia Deal Marks Major Step in Unleashing New Energy Supply

(Marubeni) ExxonMobil will supply approximately 250,000 tonnes of low-carbon ammonia annually on a long-term basis to Marubeni; The deal will drive new energy supply, support jobs, and strengthen U.S. and Japanese industrial cooperation [Spring, Texas, U.S., and Tokyo, Japan] — Marubeni Corporation (Marubeni)

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Nufarm and ChrysaLabs Partner to Address Barriers in Carbon Innovation Measurement for Sustainable Aviation Fuel Production

(Nufarm/Globe Newswire) Nufarm is excited to announce its collaboration with ChrysaLabs, a leader in soil data, insights, and carbon measurement, to support the quantification of soil carbon sequestration benefits associated with Nufarm’s expansion of its Carinata production in South America. Carinata

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The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to Reinvigorating Forest Economies through Biofuel Production

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Daniel S. LeFevers of SunGas Renewables highlighted their S1000 technology for advanced biofuels production. Key takeaways included utilizing abundant, sustainably managed forest and sawmill residues as feedstock. This approach, combined with carbon capture and storage, offers

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Sustainable Aviation Buyers Alliance Launches Advanced, Next-Generation SAF Procurement DEADLINE August 29, 2025

(Sustainable Aviation Buyers Alliance)  SABA's third RFP seeks to leverage corporate demand to help move a next-generation SAF facility to final investment decision. -- Today (May 6, 2025), the Sustainable Aviation Buyers Alliance (SABA) released a request for proposal (RFP) to increase

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UPC and Vueling Research New Sustainable Fuels for Aviation Engines

by Juan Pedro Tomas (Biofuels Digest) In Spain, La Vanguardia reported that the Polytechnic University of Catalonia (UPC) and Vueling are investigating the application and potential effects on current aircraft engines of new sustainable fuels, produced synthetically with slurry or other elements,

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Airbus Sees Region as Biofuel for Aircraft Hub

(Bangkok Post) Thailand to account for 5m tonnes a year  --  Airbus is banking on Southeast Asia becoming the world's top producer of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), while the Civil Aviation Authority of Thailand (CAAT) plans to mandate 1% SAF usage for

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Mainland China’s Strategic Transition: Reducing UCO Exports and Expanding SAF in the Global Biofuel Market

(BMI) Mainland China’s Used Cooking Oil (UCO) exports are projected to decline by 2025 due to reduced US demand and a shift towards Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) production. Key View We anticipate that Mainland China’s exports of Used Cooking Oil (UCO) will

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Following the Carbon: A New Lens on the Carbon Dioxide Removal Ecosystem

by Rudy Kahsar, Annina Sartor (Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI))  Carbon dioxide removal taxonomies abound, but by mapping the journey of a carbon atom we can find hidden links and opportunities. ... Taxonomies are useful for seeing similarities and differences across approaches, but by

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From Emissions to Solutions: CO2-Based Graphite, Plastics, and Methanol Win Big at “Best CO2 Utilisation 2025” Innovation Award

(nova-Institute)  UP Catalyst, Far Eastern New Century Corporation, and Oxylus Energy were recognised at the “Best CO2 Utilisation 2025” Innovation Award for transforming carbon emissions into high-performance battery materials, sustainable plastics for footwear and textiles, and methanol fuel, marking major strides toward

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A New Twist on Existing Tech

by Luke Geiver (Ethanol Producer Magazine) Nataqua is a startup company that aims to help ethanol producers profit from carbon dioxide emissions by producing more ethanol on site. ... The company isn’t yet ready to offer its unique carbon dioxide-to-ethanol reactor to producers,

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‘Every Molecule Matters’: Corn Kernel Fiber (CKF)

by Lisa Gibson (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  The steps are simple, with low capital and strong ROI: Engage with the appropriate analytics labs to help calculate in-situ cellulosic ethanol production from corn kernel fiber; register those gallons with the appropriate markets; and

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SIA Group Buys Sustainable Fuel from Neste, World Energy

(Singapore Business Review) The transactions are projected to reduce more than 9,500 tonnes of carbon emissions. -- The Singapore Airlines (SIA) Group has signed new agreements with renewable fuel producers Neste and World Energy to reduce carbon emissions through the use of

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Pilot Confirms Strength of Optimised FAME Blend

(FincoEnergies)  The pressure on the inland shipping sector is growing. With stricter regulations such as ETS2 and RED III, there's no time to lose.  Together with Argent Energy and sector partners, FincoEnergies is demonstrating that sustainable shipping is possible today — not just with HVO but

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Future Energy Global Signs MOU for Multi-Year SAF Scope 1 and Scope 3 Offtake Agreement

(Future Energy Global) Future Energy Global (FEG) and Montana Renewables, LLC (MRL) have agreed framework terms for a multi-year offtake agreement for the environmental attributes of 15 million gallons of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF), with deliveries planned to begin later in

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European Commission Gives Positive Technical Assessment for ISCC EU under RED III

(International Sustainability and Carbon Certification)  ... End of April, the European Commission (EC) has given a positive technical assessment for our updated ISCC EU System Documents. The revisions were made to reflect the legal requirements of Directive (EU) 2023/2413, commonly referred

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Air to Jet Fuel: United Announces Investment in Power-to-Liquid Fuels Company Twelve

(United Airlines/PRN Newswire)  Twelve's technology is an industrial alternative to photosynthesis to transform carbon and water into inputs for sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) – company recently entered into one of the largest SAF contracts with large European airline group for 260

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Industrial Decarbonisation: The Road to a Cleaner Future

by Andrew King (Process and Control Today) ... Green Hydrogen: The Key to Hard-to-Decarbonise Sectors But what about industries that need extreme heat for example, cement, steel, and chemicals? That’s where green hydrogen comes in. Think of it as the clean-burning fuel

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From Waste to Worksite: The Role of Advanced Biofuels in Decarbonizing Construction and Transport

by Jane Marsh (Renewable Energy Magazine)  Construction and transportation pose a difficult challenge for decarbonization efforts. In addition to being responsible for a considerable portion of overall emissions, equipment in these sectors is not easy to electrify from a logistical standpoint.

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Alto Ingredients Reports Improved Q1 Financial Performance

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) Alto Ingredients Inc. released first quarter financial results on May 7, reporting improved gross margin and adjusted EBITDA on increased operational uptime, optimization initiatives and increased sales of ISCC-certified fuels.  During an earnings call, Alto Ingredients

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The Andersons Reports Strong Q1 for Ethanol Operations

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  The Andersons Inc. on May 7 released first quarter financial results, reporting a strong three-month period for its renewables business segment on efficient operations, higher yields and favorable ethanol margins.  The company’s renewables segment reported pretax

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American Power Group Reports 25 Million Cumulative Run Hour Milestone For Its Dual Fuel Stationary/Off-Road Primary Power and Critical Care Emergency Back-Up Power Applications

(American Power Group/Access Newswire) American Power Group Corporation ("APG") (OTC Pink:APGI) the leading U.S. based dual fuel diesel engine conversion technology company today announced the company's stationary/off-road dual fuel installation base has reached an estimated 25 million cumulative run hour milestone. APG's

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Cowboy Clean Fuels and Mercuria Announce Landmark Offtake Agreement for Carbon-Negative Renewable Natural Gas

(Cowboy Clean Fuels/PR Newswire)  Cowboy Clean Fuels (CCF), a Wyoming-based climate tech and energy transition company, today announced a groundbreaking offtake agreement with Mercuria, one of the world's leading independent energy and commodity trading groups. This partnership marks the first commercial agreement

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MHP Exported the First Ukrainian Batch of Liquefied Biomethane Bio-LNG to the European Union

(MHP (Google translation))    MHP, an international company in the field of food and agrotechnology, launched commercial production of liquefied biomethane ( Bio -LNG) and made the first delivery of Ukrainian Bio -LNG to a partner in the European Union .   MHP produces Bio-LNG entirely from poultry

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The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to Feedstocks and the Future of the Bioeconomy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Alexander A. Koukoulas, Ph.D. from AFRY emphasized key factors for a successful bioeconomy, including feedstocks, technology, market knowledge/off-takes, and policy support. Strong market knowledge and off-take agreements are crucial for project bankability. The rapid expansion of

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Carbon Project Developers Warn of a Supply Shortage of CORSIA Eligible Credits

by Christopher Surgenor (GreenAir) The Project Developer Forum (PD Forum), a body representing developers of greenhouse gas emissions reductions and removal projects in the international markets, with members looking to sell carbon credits to airlines under ICAO’s CORSIA carbon offsetting scheme,

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RAeS Study Shows Public Concern about Aviation Emissions, but Unwillingness to Pay More for Solutions

by Tony Harrington (GreenAir) New research by the Royal Aeronautical Society (RAeS) into public attitudes on decarbonising aviation reveals that most respondents are concerned about the impacts of climate change, and 58% believe air transport causes more damaging emissions than road,

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PLOCAN Builds Spain’s First Offshore Green Hydrogen Plant

by Alan Sherrard  (Bioenergy International)  Located on the seabed, at a depth of 30m, and 1.5 km off the coast of the island of Gran Canaria, the Plataforma Oceánica de Canarias (PLOCAN) houses multidisciplinary laboratories, various observation and measurement devices, a main

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Bioeconomy: A Co-Benefit Case Study: from Inexpensive, Carbon-Neutral Biofuels Are Finally Possible

by Jules Bernstein (University of Califorina Riverside)  ... A new study finds that introducing a simple, renewable chemical to the pretreatment step can finally make next-generation biofuel production both cost-effective and carbon neutral.  ​For biofuels to compete with petroleum, biorefinery operations must

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Inspired by GLBRC Research, This Middle Schooler Made Cellulosic Biofuel in Her Kitchen

by Nalia Cherr (Great Lakes Bioenergy Research  Center)  Dalia Habib, a middle schooler from Salt Lake City, Utah, adapted technology developed by the Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center to brew cellulosic biofuel in her kitchen. Her experiment was a finalist in

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Natural Enzyme Capable of Cleaving Cellulose Could Transform Biofuel Production

by José Tadeu Arantes (FAPESP/Phys.Org)  The deconstruction of cellulose is essential for the conversion of biomass into fuels and chemicals. But cellulose, the most abundant renewable polymer on the planet, is extremely recalcitrant to biological depolymerization. Although composed entirely of glucose

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The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to Sustainability Still Matters

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This presentation features Tammy Klein of Transport Energy Strategies. It discusses mixed policy signals in the U.S., stressing sustainability balances environmental, economic, and social concerns. Key highlights include contrasting potential Biden and Trump administration approaches on

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Synergies of Renewable Hydrogen and Biobased Value Chains Deployment: Environmental Performance and Promising Value Chains

(EIA Bioenergy)Producing biobased hydrogen could be an alternative option for renewable hydrogen provision. Moreover, there are many biobased processes either high in demand for renewable hydrogen (e.g. synthetic renewable fuels, biorefining) or that could benefit from renewable hydrogen integration. This

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Soil Carbon Credits Emerge from the ‘Trough of Disillusionment’

by Jim Giles (Trellis) Indigo Ag, Boomitra and other project developers are planning on issuing millions of tons of credits annually.  --  o After years of slow growth, issuances are on a tear.   o More data and better models are helping

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Syzygy Plasmonics' Unit Sets New Standard for Sustainable Aviation Fuel Production Efficiency

(Syzygy Plasmonics/PR Newswire) New pathway makes maximum use of renewable methane and much higher yield for the same amount of biogas by utilizing CO2 in feedstock --  Syzygy Plasmonics has successfully completed performance testing of the world's largest all-electric GHG e-Reforming™ demonstration

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MSU College of Agriculture and Natural Resources Announces Partnership with CNH

(Michigan State University) CNH will provide MSU with a New Holland T6.180 Methane tractor, the world's first 100% methane-powered production tractor, for use in educational and research initiatives. -- Through a new partnership with CNH, researchers and students at the MSU College

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HutanBio's Microalgal Biofuel Production Shown to be Net-Negative in an Independent Life Cycle Assessment by EcoAct

(AltEnergyMag.com) A new independent Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) by EcoAct (a wholly owned subsidiary of Schneider Electric Sustainability Business) confirms that HBx, a microalgal biofuel developed by UK-based HutanBio, achieves net-negative carbon emissions during production. HBx production removes up to 1.48

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Phillips 66 and NextEra Energy Resources Begin Commercial Operations at Rodeo Renewable Energy Complex Solar Facility

(Phillips 66)  The solar facility at Rodeo Renewable Energy Complex is now commercially operating, marking a pivotal step in the collaboration between Phillips 66 and NextEra Energy Resources to reduce greenhouse gas emissions at one of the largest on-site solar facilities

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bp Leads Industry Taskforce to Achieve Update to Defence Standard for Renewable Aviation Fuel

(bp) bp has successfully led a taskforce to achieve approval from the UK Ministry of Defence for co-processing Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) with up to 30% renewable hydroprocessed Esters and Fatty acids HEFA feedstock concentration, a significant increase from the current

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Norden Conducts First US Biofuel Journey in ‘Measured’ Step toward Cleaner Shipping

by Sara Kosmajac (Offshore Energy) Denmark-based maritime transportation player Norden has completed its inaugural biofuel voyage out of the United States, marking the next step in the company’s ambition of supporting a wider application of this clean energy source in

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Who’s Tackling the Challenges in Biobased Chemicals and Biomaterials? Looking at EUBCE 2025

by Jim Spaeth (Biofuels Digest) Renewable chemicals and biomaterials are no longer niche—they are the future of carbon. Europe stands at the threshold of massive opportunity, from decarbonized manufacturing to circular materials innovation. But crossing that threshold? That’s another story. The

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Wheels Up Adds SAF Option for Charter Customers

by Curt Epstein (AIN) Private lift provider Wheels Up has launched a sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) program for its charter customers. It will allow users to opt into the program to seamlessly integrate SAF use into their bookings and contribute to

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First Passenger Flight from KIX Supplied with Commercialized Domestic SAF

(Japan Airlines) -Launch of domestic SAF supply chain towards aviation decarbonization-JGC Holdings Corporation (Representative Director, Chairman and CEO, Masayuki Sato, “JGC HD”), Japan Airlines Co., Ltd. (President & Group CEO, Mitsuko Tottori, “JAL”), and Kansai Airports (Representative Director and CEO, Yoshiyuki

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UPM Biofuels Marks 10 Years of Pioneering Renewable Fuel Production in Lappeenranta, Finland

(UPM) UPM Biofuels celebrates ten years of successful operations at its Lappeenranta Biorefinery, the world’s first commercial-scale facility producing advanced biofuels from wood-based residues. Since 2015, the refinery has been at the forefront of developing renewable alternatives to fossil-based fuels and materials,

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UNIMOT with First Delivery of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) to Poland

(UNIMOT)  Unimot Aviation, member of the Unimot Group, has carried out Poland's first physical delivery of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) to a Polish airport. The fuel was delivered to the Katowice International Airport in Pyrzowice, which is an important step towards

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LanzaJet and BioD Announce Feasibility Study for SAF Plant in Colombia

(Lanza Jet) Leveraging Colombia’s Available Biomass Potential and Strategic Location, LanzaJet and BioD Are Exploring the Pioneering Production of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) in Latin America.  --  LanzaJet and BioD are pleased to announce the launch of a feasibility study to develop the first

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Topsoe Chosen as Technology Provider by Zhejiang Jianglan for SAF Project

by Ulrik Frøhlke (Topsoe)  • Topsoe has been selected by Zhejiang Jianglan Bio-Energy Technology Co. Ltd (Zhejiang Jianglan) to deliver technology and services for Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) production. Once fully operational, the plant is set to produce 300,000 tons of SAF annually

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GRAMM SAF Project Comes to the Royal Port of Barrow

(GRAMM Energy/OpenPR)  GRAMM, a collaborative industry consortium, today (April 17, 2025) announced its application to the UK Advanced Fuels Fund, seeking vital support to accelerate its ground-breaking Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) project. The GRAMM SAF project will catalyse energy transition of

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Lawmakers Announce Bipartisan Sustainable Aviation Fuel Production Plan

(Michigan House Republicans)  State Rep. Jerry Neyer and State Sens. Sam Singh and Joseph Bellino on Thursday announced their plan to jumpstart the sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) industry in Michigan. The plan, House Bills 4424-4425 and Senate Bills 235-236, would establish

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Clean Ammonia for Power Generation—Is the Hype Fizzling Out?

by Mariana Santos Moreira  (OPIS)  As we move towards global net zero, ammonia is gaining attention as both a major chemical industry greenhouse gas emitter and a prospective large-scale clean hydrogen carrier. Commercial ammonia production is transforming as a result: “Clean

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Back to Basics: Renewable Diesel 101

(EcoEngineers) Join us for an introductory webinar covering the fundamentals of renewable diesel (RD) and sustainable aviation fuel (SAF). As part of our ongoing “Back to Basics” series, this session will provide an overview of production methods, common feedstocks like used

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Back to Basics: Renewable Natural Gas 101 Webinar

Join us for an introductory webinar exploring the fundamentals of renewable natural gas (RNG). As part of our ongoing “Back to Basics” series, this session will provide a basic understanding of RNG’s role in the energy transition, covering key concepts

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LiYF Advances Patent-Pending 2G Bioethanol Technology

(Biofuels International) LiYF, a Swiss-based clean-tech startup developing second-generation (2G) bioethanol, has successfully achieved Technology Readiness Level 6 (TRL 6) for its patent-pending process that improves production efficiency, reduces operating costs and increases ethanol yield. The process uses agricultural and forestry waste

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Cosco-Controlled Piraeus Container Terminal to Launch Biofuel Bunkering Service

by Angela Yu (Lloyd's List) Piraeus Container Terminal will begin offering biofuel bunkering services to meet growing customer demand for emission compliance -- The move aligns with EU and new IMO emissions regulations and follows Greece’s updated biofuel standards allowing up to

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Nitin Gadkari Calls for Biofuel Revolution to Cut Imports, Boost Rural Economy

by IANS (Prokeraia)  Union Minister of Road Transport and Highways, Nitin Gadkari, on Thursday advocated for a nation-wide biofuel revolution, calling it a "once-in-a-century opportunity" to transform India's rural economy, reduce its massive fossil fuel imports and tackle air pollution. Speaking at

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Norfolk Southern, Port of Virginia Create Country’s First RailGreen Corridor

(Port of Virginia) Corridor runs between Norfolk Harbor and Virginia​ Inland Port -- The Port of Virginia​ is collaborating with Norfolk Southern (NYSE​: NSC) on its new RailGreen program that reduces supply chain emissions for shippers. With the first-of-its-kind emission reduction program

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Koppö Energia Decides for thyssenkrupp Uhde’s Green Methanol Technology

(thyssenkrupp)  E-methanol produced with captured CO2; uhde® green methanol technology -- Koppö Energia Oy has chosen uhde® green methanol technology and ordered a FEED (Front End Engineering Design) from thyssenkrupp Uhde. The planned e-methanol plant is part of a power-to-x (P2X) project

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Alder Renewables and Bioénergie AECN Announce Project Avance: Unlocking Sustainable Aviation Fuel Production in Québec

(Alder Renewables) The ambitious project aims to build a first-of-its-kind pilot plant to produce SAF and unlock optionality for today’s refiners  -- Alder Renewables and Bioénergie AE Côte-Nord are proud to announce Project Avance, a strategic partnership to produce Sustainable Aviation Fuel

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Volvo’s Gas-Powered Trucks on the Rise – Enabling up to 100% CO2 Reduction

(Volvo)  Demand for Volvo’s gas-powered trucks is rising and sales increased by more than 25% in 2024. Gas-powered trucks are a growing solution for transport companies to reduce their CO2 footprint as carbon emissions can be reduced by up to 100%

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Reality Check on Trucking Technology

by Allen Schaeffer (Engine Technology Forum)  ... More than 97% of Class 8 trucks are powered by diesel engines. Insights from last week’s ACT Expo – the Advanced Clean Transportation event hosted by TRC – offered a compelling glimpse into the future of trucking. Understandably,

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Farm Waste Turned into Biofuel Produces Healthy Profit

by Zhou Huiying, Liu Kun, Liu Kun and Hou Liqiang (China Daily)  Several major grain-producing regions have been proactively leveraging their abundant agricultural and forestry residues to aid the low-carbon transition, converting waste into renewable energy and organic fertilizers. As the country's

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Sustainable Aviation Fuel Plans under Fire over Crop Emissions

by Jim Giles (Trellis)  Environmental group and aviation industry disagree on how to assess the full climate impact of fuel made from corn and soybeans. -- Key Takeaways: Scaling the use of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) made from corn and soybeans is the

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New Generation DAF Now also Fuelled by B100 Biodiesel

(DAF) Important addition for transporters committed to sustainability -- For transporters who wish to switch to B100 biodiesel, the New Generation DAF XF, XG and XG+ can now also be delivered with a specially developed PACCAR MX-13 engine. This new power source is

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Demand to Include Biofuel Biogas under Non-polluting ‘White Category’

(The Hans India) Efforts are underway to include environment-friendly biofuel biogas under the “Non-Polluting (White Category)” classification. Discussions have been held with the Karnataka State Pollution Control Board (KSPCB), and an appropriate directive in this regard will be issued soon,

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Scientists Discover a New Way to Convert Corn Waste into Low-Cost Sugar for Biofuel

by Seth Truscott (Washington State University) Scientists at Washington State University have found a new way to produce sugar from corn stalks and other crop waste, potentially opening a new pathway to sustainable biofuels. Newly published in Bioresource Technology, their experimental process used

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GCMD’s Life Cycle Study Quantifies Net GHG Emissions Savings for Pathways with Onboard Carbon Capture and Storage (OCCS)

(Global Center for Maritime Decarbonization) Incorporating CO2 that is captured from HFO combustion onboard vessels into concrete production results in the highest GHG emissions savings of the different utilisation pathways explored, as it partially displaces the need for carbon-intensive cement ashore; Post-capture transport

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The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to Renewable Raw Materials & Chemicals

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This presentation features Lauren Junker from BASF. The presentation details BASF’s journey to net zero by 2050 and shaping a circular economy. Key highlights include the focus on biobased carbon sources like starch, sucrose, oil crops,

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5 Bioeconomy Persisters: Why Are These Technologies and Companies Advancing Strong in Times of Uncertainty

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) ... At times like these, I like to highlight companies and technologies that are continuing to advance strong — because it reminds us of something more important than which innovations succeed — rather, it tells us

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U.S. Sustainable Aviation Fuel Production Takes off as New Capacity Comes Online

(U.S. Energy Information Administration)  Sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) production is growing in the United States as new capacity comes online. U.S. production of Other Biofuels, the category we use to capture SAF in our Petroleum Supply Monthly, approximately doubled from December 2024 to

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Masdar and OMV Advance Partnership on Green Hydrogen Development

(OMV) • Companies sign non-binding Letter of Intent (LOI) to partner in the production of green hydrogen, synthetic sustainable aviation fuels, and other synthetic chemicals Agreement covers potential opportunities in Austria, the UAE and in Central and Northern Europe for the production

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Masdar and OMV Advance Partnership on Green Hydrogen Development

(OMV) • Companies sign non-binding Letter of Intent (LOI) to partner in the production of green hydrogen, synthetic sustainable aviation fuels, and other synthetic chemicals Agreement covers potential opportunities in Austria, the UAE and in Central and Northern Europe for the production

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The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to Policies and Practices for Climate Smart Agriculture

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This presentation features Gregory Jaffe of Jaffe Policy Consulting. Highlights include details on the USDA Climate Smart Agriculture Interim Rule, covering biofuel feedstock crops, carbon intensity, and supply chain standards. It outlines covered crops like field

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SAF Takes Off & Ticket Prices Follow: The Real Cost Of Greener Air Travel

by Michael Barnard (Clean Technica) A traveler books a long-haul flight from Frankfurt to Singapore and notices a line item labeled “Environmental Surcharge.” It’s not optional, and it’s not tiny. For most economy passengers, it adds somewhere between €6 and €20. In

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Ethanol Blog: Does the Trump Administration Fully Understand Rural Economic Potential of SAF?

by Todd Neeley (DTN Progressive Farmer)  As time passes beyond the first 100 days of the Trump administration, dreams of a rural future with sustainable aviation fuel seem to be waning -- this despite the rural vote carrying President Donald Trump

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Why California Usually Pays More at the Pump for Gasoline

by  Anne Miranda and Tara Bennett-Chirico (U.S. Department of Energy Energy Information Administration)  Retail prices for regular grade gasoline in California are consistently higher than in any other state in the continental United States, often exceeding the national average by more than

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The Trump Administration Pauses a Moonshot Push to Grow Biofuel Crops with Less Fertilizer

by Celia Llopis-Jepsen (KCUR/NPR ) Scientists in Kansas, Missouri and other states were poised to start research to cut U.S. reliance on fertilizer imports, keep biofuel farming cost-competitive and tackle a potent greenhouse gas. The U.S. Department of Energy had a vision:

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EU Requirements for CO₂ Use in RFNBO Production: What Makes a Fuel an RFNBO?

by Timothy Daniel* (Rimba, Inc., special for Advanced Biofuels USA)  Under the EU Renewable Energy Directive II (RED II), Renewable Fuels of Non-Biological Origin (RFNBOs) are defined as “liquid or gaseous fuels which are used in the transport sector other than biofuels

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Market-Based Accounting for Clean Fuels

(CRS)  Fuel producers and their customers concerned with managing the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from using fuels are pursuing ways to replace conventional fossil fuels with biologically derived and lower-emitting alternative fuels. To help spur investment in the production of these

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2025: The Year of SAF Mandates

(Argus Media) An Argus overview on SAF regulations, market fundamentals and prices READ MORE

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DBFZ Publishes Comprehensive Monitoring of Renewable Energies in Transport

(DBFZ)  The European Union and large parts of the world are pursuing the ambitious goal of achieving climate neutrality by 2050 at the latest. With an average of 20 % of annual greenhouse gas emissions, the transport sector has a key

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Rapeseed Remains the Dominant Raw Material for Biodiesel Production in Germany

 (Union for the Promotion of Oil and Protein Plants (UFOP)) Germany is the largest producer of biodiesel in Europe. According to the latest data from the Association of the German Biofuel Industry (VDB), a total of around 3.6 million tonnes of

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The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to Integrated Waste-to-Fuel and Wastewater Treatment

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Discover the synergistic thermo-microbial-electrochemical (T-MEC) approach for converting food waste to jet fuel blendstocks while treating HTL wastewater. This integrated system aims to improve carbon yield and reduce waste processing costs compared to anaerobic digestion. Microbial

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Speed of Lightning, Roar of Thunder: 8 Underdog Stories That Punch Above Their Weight

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ... These are the stories that matter in the long-haul, but they don’t always come gift-wrapped with a PR Newswire bow.  ... 1. Simplifyber: $12M Series A for Biomaterials in Apparel ... In Plain Language: Wearing bio-based clothing every day is

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Opportunities for Methane Mitigation in Agriculture: Technological, Economic and Regulatory Considerations

(World Resources Institute) This report provides a comprehensive guide to the most promising technologies for agricultural methane mitigation, incorporating the latest evidence. It explores methane reduction strategies for three major sources—livestock digestion (enteric fermentation), manure management, and rice cultivation. The analysis

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Renewable Methanol: Powering Decarbonisation across Hard-to-Abate Sectors

by Kristian Ilasko (Hydrocarbon Engineering)   As the global drive toward net-zero intensifies, industries are seeking practical, scalable solutions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Renewable methanol is emerging as a key enabler in this transition, offering a low-carbon alternative derived from

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Hydrogen and Biofuel Setbacks Force Air NZ to Chart New Emissions Course

by Jonathan Milne   (newsroom)  An Air NZ-Airbus initiative to build a 100-seater hydrogen plane has stalled, coming just after Meridian shelved its big Southern Green Hydrogen project  --  The delayed arrival of Air NZ's eight new fuel-efficient Boeing 787-10s is one of

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Viva Energy : Holds Australian-First Cruise Ship Biofuels Trial

(Viva Energy Australia)  Viva Energy kicked-off an an innovative trial of marine biofuel when Royal Caribbean Group's Celebrity Edge sailed from Sydney on 5 April.The initiative marks the first commercial cruise ship in Australia to partake in this trial, serving as

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Sustainable Palm Oil Certification Inadvertently Affects Production Efficiency in Malaysia

by Nina Zachlod, Michael Hudecheck, Charlotta Sirén & Gerard George  (Nature Communications Earth & Environment)  Sustainability certifications have rapidly gained prominence and become standards across many industries, yet knowledge about the potential unintended consequences of their criteria remains limited. Here, we use European

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Southeast Kansas Issued BDO Zone ‘BBB’ Rating for Corn Stover

(Biofuel Development Opportunity Zone Initiative)  Southeast Kansas Positioned to Expand into Agricultural Biomass Market --  Southeast Kansas Regional Planning Commission, Ecostrat and the BDO Zone Initiative are pleased to announce the issue of an investment grade BDO Zone ‘BBB’ Rating for Southeast Kansas. The BDO Zone

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Irish Ferries Uses Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil to Fuel Ship for First Time

by Colin Gleeson (Irish Times) Paul Balfe of fuel supplier Circle K says move ‘a significant step towards cleaner maritime operations’ -- Irish Ferries’ high speed catamaran Dublin Swift has become the group’s first vessel to use hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) as

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OMV Unveils Austria’s Largest Green Hydrogen Production Plant

(OMV) OMV's first-time production of green hydrogen on a commercial scale; OMV has successfully started-up its plant in Schwechat near Vienna with an annual production of up to 1,500 metric tons of green hydrogen; It contributes to the production of more sustainable fuels

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The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to Sustainable Aviation Fuel from Wet Wastes

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Understand the potential of hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) to produce significant volumes of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) from wet wastes. HTL offers a continuous process with high carbon yields. Research focuses on addressing key challenges like nitrogen

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North Dakota Creates Program to Help Ethanol Producers Lower Their CI Scores

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  North Dakota Gov. Kelly Armstrong on April 15 signed a bill creating a low-carbon fuels fund that is designed to help the state’s ethanol producers lower the carbon intensity (CI) of the fuel they produce,

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Sunshine Strategies for Rainy Days: For Builders and Creators, This One’s for You

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ... I find the best strategy in confusing conditions is to drive towards the light, always worked for me. Rainy here, it’s sunny there, let’s go that way. There’s good news a-plenty, let’s share that and build

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BioMADE Finalizes $132M National Security Investment in Demonstration-Scale Biomanufacturing Facility in Minnesota

(BioMADE)  The Maple Grove facility will be key in BioMADE’s national network of pilot- to demonstration-scale infrastructure to advance U.S. biomanufacturing and enhance national security.  --  Today (April 29, 2025), BioMADE announced Maple Grove as the Minnesota site in its national network

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Deutsche Aircraft Prepares to Fly D328eco Testbed, Focusing on SAF rather than Novel Propulsion Technologies

by Tony Harrington (GreenAir)  European airframer Deutsche Aircraft is preparing to unveil the first of three testbed aircraft for its reduced-emission D328eco regional airliner programme as it targets 2027 for certification and entry into service. In an increasingly challenging market for

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Keenan Recycling Powers Ahead with 100% Biomethane Food Waste Trucks

(Bioenergy Insight) Keenan Recycling said it is hitting the road with a new fleet of 100% biomethane-powered food waste collection trucks, designed to revolutionise how food waste is collected and transported in the UK. As the nation’s largest food waste collector, Keenan

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NHV Introduces SAF for Offshore Operations in Cooperation with Vestas

(NHV Group) Helicopter operator NHV Group and wind turbine manufacturer Vestas are collaborating with the aim of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from helicopter operations. Starting in April, flights from NHV group departing from Esbjerg Airport will be fully integrating Sustainable

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Bureau Veritas Joins NavHyS Project to Advance Liquid Hydrogen Innovation in Shipping

(Bureau Veritas) Bureau Veritas Marine & Offshore (BV) is pleased to announce its participation in NavHyS, a new European research project dedicated to advancing the use of liquid hydrogen (LH₂) in maritime applications. Funded by the Clean Hydrogen Partnership, NavHyS brings

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Pingree, Heinrich Lead Charge to Reach Net-Zero Emissions, Boost Profitability in US Agriculture

(Office of Congresswoman Chellie Pingree (D-Maine 1st))  In honor of Earth Day, Congresswoman Chellie Pingree (D-Maine) and Senator Martin Heinrich (D-N.M.) reintroduced the Agriculture Resilience Act (ARA), comprehensive legislation that aims to help the U.S. reach net-zero greenhouse gas emissions in the agricultural sector by

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Difficult and Costly Energy Transition unless the EU Invests in Biomass

(Chalmers University of Technology)  Biomass is currently the EU’s largest renewable energy source, but climate strategies often focus on other energy sources. A comprehensive analysis, led by Chalmers University of Technology in Sweden, now shows that biomass is crucial for Europe's ability

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Repsol Surpasses 1,000 Service Stations with 100% Renewable Nexa Diesel

(Repsol) o From tomorrow (April 29, 2025) and until July 31, 2025, individual clients, who use the company’s payment app Waylet when refueling, will enjoy a discount of €0.10 per liter. With this discount, the 100% renewable fuel can be

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Sojitz Enters Biomethane Production and Sales Business in India

(Sojitz)  Sojitz Corporation (“Sojitz”) invests in a holding structure of the special purpose company, IOC GPS Renewables Pvt. Ltd. (“IGRPL”) established jointly by GPS Renewables Private Limited. (“GPSR”) and Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. (“IOCL”), the largest state-owned oil company in India,

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Dreexo Energy Lands in Cadiz with a Biofuel Production Project and an Investment of 27 Million Euros.

by Amaya Lanceta (Diario de Sevilla) --The company will build the treatment plant on a plot of land in the Zona Franca fiscal area. -- Cadiz advances in the Blue Economy under the Free Trade Zone's unifying strategy --  Dreexo Energy will establish a biofuel

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The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to Advanced Gasification for Renewable Natural Gas

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Learn about sorption-enhanced chemical looping gasification (SE-CLG) for efficient renewable natural gas production from biomass wastes. This intensified process integrates air separation, CO2 capture, and syngas conditioning in a single step. Developed phase transition sorbents (PTSs)

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ASEAN and Canada Study Finds Southeast Asia Could Be a Key SAF Producer and Exporter

by Tony Harrington (GreenAir)  A high-level trans-Pacific research programme has concluded that abundant supplies of agricultural feedstock across multiple countries in Southeast Asia could facilitate the region’s emergence as a key global supplier of sustainable aviation fuels. The study was undertaken

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Is the Transition to Renewable Energy Sustainable for Humans?

by Philippe Marchand (Transport Energy Strategies) France’s General Accountability Office, in French Cour des Comptes, the public comptroller which rational organization dates back to Napoleonic times (1807 precisely), has recently published a 260-page report on the biogas value chain public support strategy, unusually

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Global Car Bans: Ambition Meets Reality

by Tammy Klein (Transport Energy Strategies) Over the last several years, governments around the world have made bold announcements about phasing out internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs) and transitioning to electric vehicles (zero tailpipe emission vehicles, or ZEVs). The headlines have

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Advancing Maritime Decarbonization: The 2025 IMO Agreement and the Fuel Transition

by Jefferson dos Santos Estevo* (Advanced Biofuels USA) The international transport sector, encompassing both aviation and maritime shipping, accounts for a significant share of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The data from the International Energy Agency (IEA) suggests aviation, in 2023, was

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How Much Crop Residue to Remove

by Mahdi Al-Kaisi (Iowa State University Extension and Outreach)  Crop residue removal—what effect does it have on corn yield and soil quality? That's a question quite often asked these days. The adoption of no-till and other conservation tillage systems help keep significant amounts

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Clostridium thermocellum cloud point clover cmelina CNG Conversion kit co co-generation co-location Co-op Extension co-operative co-processing co-products CO2 Electrolysis CO2 neutral fuels CO2Removal Certificates (CORCs) coal Coal and Biomass to Liquid (CBTL) Coast Guard coastal habitat conservation coastal hay cobalt cock's foot coco coco methyl ester (CME) cocoa Coconut coffee coffee cherries coffee grounds coffee pulp cold flow cold-tolerance college/university Colombia Colorado combined heat and power (CHP) Comment Request commercial flights commercialization commissioning commo Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) commodity trading common reed Community activity community college Community involvement/engagement community scale Community Wood Energy Program competition compliance compliance credits compost Compressed Natural Gas (CNG/R-CNG/bioCNG) compression ratios compression-ignition engine computer simulation concrete condensate Congo Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Congressional Review Act Connecticut Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP) construction and demolition waste/debris consumer education contamination contest contrails conversion technology Cook Islands cook stoves cooking fuel cooperatives COP21 COP22 COP23 COP24 COP25 COP26 COP27 COP28 COP29 COP30 copper coppice cordgrass corn bran Corn cobs corn ethanol corn fiber corn growers corn harvest corn kernel corn meal corn oil corn oil/distillers corn oil (DCO) corn prices corn stalks corn stover corn supply corn surplus corn syrup corn-based products corn/maize Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards corporate social responsibility corrosion corruption CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) cosmetics Costa Rica cotton cotton seed hulls cotton seed oil cotton stalk cottonwood Council on Environmental Quality county cover crops cow rumen cracking Crambe crassulacean acid metabolism plants (CAM) crimes criteria pollutants Croatia crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude oil Cuba cup plant cuphea currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cusi Customs and Border Protection cutworm caterpillars cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) cylindro Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs d-5 D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D20 (20%DME) D5 (5%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA date kernel oil date palm date palm pits date palm waste Dates DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act deficit definitions deforestation defossilization Dehydration Delaware DeltaWing demonstration demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify density Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security Department of Justice Department of Labor Department of the Interior Department of Transportation (DOT) depolymerization depots dextrose dfdsffsfdfsf diatoms diesel Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) diesel fuel blendstock diesel prices Diesel R5 diesel with renewables diesel-range hydrocarbons diesel-to-biodiesel conversion diethyl ether digital Digital Biology diisobutylene (DIB) dilute acid hydrolysis pretreatment DIN 51605 DIN EN 15376 (Ethanol blending component) direct air capture direct injection direct ocean capture Direct Sugar to Hydrocarbon Conversion (DSHC) direct-to-fuel directed evolution dispense distillates distillation distilled biodiesel distilled palm methyl ester (DPME) distilleries distributed/centralized distribution distribution capacity distribution waiver diversification divestment DME/rDME (dimethyl ether)/renewable DME DMF (2.5-dimethylfuran) Dominican Republic double cropping drawdown Drones/Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) drop-in biofuels/hydrocarbons drought drought tolerant drought-resistant dry ice dual cropping dual-fuel/flex fuel ships Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E100 E100 conversion kit E11 E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E2 E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E3 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E70 diesel E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency egg shell Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric Vehicle (EV) Prices electric grid electricity electricity price electricity/power generation electricity/power transmission electrocatalysis electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels (e-fuels) electrofuels (e-fuels) prices electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) electrons Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants embargo eminent domain emissions emissions standards EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 EN 228 EN 590 EN228 (standard pump gasoline) end user end-of-life Endangered Species Act (ESA) Energy Bill energy cane energy consumption energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy prices energy reserves Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine Development engine problems Engine/Fuel Co-optimization engineering England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment environmental impact study (EIS) environmental justice/socially inclusive environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Environmentalists Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic depolymerization enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling Enzyme solicitation enzymes EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) Equatorial Guinea equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) etha ethane ethanol ethanol benefits ethanol blend wall ethanol blended diesel ED ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol emissions ethanol ether diesel fuel ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol to gas ethanol tolerance ethanol-fueled aircraft Ethanol-to-Gasoline (ETG) ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/diesel ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethyl levulinate (EL) ethylbenzene ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order executive order--state Extended Range Electric Vehicle (EREV) externalities extremophiles f F Factor F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farmers farming farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation Feedstocks fermentation ferry fertilizer fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) Fischer-Tropsch/FT fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources Forest Service forestry forklifts Formate formic acid fossil carbon fossil fuel Frace fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud free fatty acids (FFA) Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon gallium Gambia games gas prices gas tax/highway user fee gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gasoline-range hydrocarbons Gemany General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Gerrmany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) Intensity giant cane giant kelp Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect Global South global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grain sorghum/milo grain speculators grains GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery green/black economy Greenland GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala Guava Seed guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Guinea Bissau Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP gypsum h Haiti Halophytes harvest site processing harvesting Hawai'i hay hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ HDO-SAK (hydro deoxygenated synthetic aromatic kerosene) health health benefits health effects heat of combustion heat of vaporization heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) high octane low carbon (HOLC) fuel High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 HVO20 HVO30 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrid ships hybrids hydrocarbon fuels Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydroformylation hydrogen aircraft hydrogen carrier hydrogen combustion engines hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen internal combustion engines hydrogen leaks hydrogen pipeline hydrogen pumps/fueling stations hydrogen tax credit hydrogen terminal Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Price hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogenolysis hydropower Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal gasification hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois Illiois illuppai ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indian beech tree Indian grass Indiana indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial burners industrial ethanol industrial gases industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated biorefineries integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine (ICE) internal combustion engine (ICE)/gasoline engine ban International international balance of payments International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Sustainability and Carbon Certification model(ISCC) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit Invvesting ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron iron oxide IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isobutylene isomerisation isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica jamelão Japan jatobá Jatropha Jersey Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 jet B Jetfuel (Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs Joint Office of Energy and Transportation jojoba Jordan JP-10 JP-4 JP-5/NATO F-44 JP-8/NATO F-34 juniper Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kalanchoe kamani Kans grass Kansas Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati knotweed Knowledge Discovery Framework Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kulpa kusum Kuwait Kygryzstan labels labor policy Labrador lactic acid lactose Lake County lamp oil land ownership land prices land rights land subsidence land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy landfill methane Landfills landscape Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead Leadtree leaf ant Lebanon lecithin legislation Legislation-Federal Legislation-State lemna lend-lease Lesotho lesquerella leucaena levulinic acid Liberia Libya licensing lichens life cycle analysis (LCA) light rail lignin Lignin Ethanol Oil (LEO) Lignocellulosic Biofuel lignocellulosic sugars lime Lipid liquefaction liquid liquid petroleum gas (LPG) liquid transportation fuels liquidation Liquified Biogas (LBG) Liquified Biogas (LBG) pumps liquified biomethane (LBM) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logistics long-term contracts Louis Louisiana low c low carbon emissions low carbon octane standard (LCOS) Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel low sulfur fuel low sulfur marine fuel lubricants lumber mill Luxembourg lysis M100 M15 M3 M50 ma macadamia macauba Macedonia machine learning machinery macororo Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona management changes mandates mangaba manganese mango mangrove Manitoba mannose manure maple maps marginal land marine algae Marine Corps Marine Diesel Oil (MDO) Marine Fuel Oil Marine Gas Oil (MGO) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) price Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel Terminal Marine/maritime renewable fuel terminal/bunkering market forces market share marketing markets/sales Mars Marshall Islands Maryland Masdar Institute mass balance standard Massachusetts Master Limited Partnership (MLP) Mauritania Mauritius Mazda meat mechanics training medical waste MEEC membranes mergers and acquisitions mesquite methanation methane leaks methane/biomethane methanization methanol benefits methanol fuel cells methanol hybrid methanol price Methanol-to-Gasoline Methanol-to-Jet (MTJ-SPK) Methanol/Biomethanol/Renewable Methanol methylbutenol Mexico Michelin GreenX Challenge Michigan micro-crop microalgae microbial electrosynthesis microbiology microorganisms/microbes microwave Mid-Atlantic Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military reserves military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels milk permeate millennium fruit millet millettia pinnata milo stover mineralization minerals mining Minn Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold Moldova molinia molybdenum MON (Motor Octane Number) Monaco Mongolia mongongo monitoring/measuring reporting verifiction (MRV) Montana Montenegro moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles motors MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES2014 MOVES3 (MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator model) Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed mvr Myanmar n-butanol n-butene nahar Namibia nano nano particles nanocatalysts nanocellulose nanomaterials naphtha/bionaphtha/renewable naphtha naphthene NASCAR National Academies of Science National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) National Energy Council National Environmental Policy Act National Guard National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Laboratory National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Oilheat Research Alliance National Park Service National Research Council National Science Foundation (NSF) national security National Security Council National Transportation Safety Board National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) Native American/American Indian/First Nation Tribes natural gas Natural Gas Act natural 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price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) Office of Science Technology and Policy (OSTP) Offices of Inspector Generals offtake agreements Ohio oil oil embargo oil exploration oil monopoly oil p oil price parity oil prices oil production oil refineries oil replacement oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil speculators oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes oil/gas terminals Oilcane Oils Oklahoma olefins oligomerization olive cake olive oil olive pits olive pomace olive water olives Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm ammonia production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing on-site hydrogen production one p one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontaio Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) open fuel standard open pond opportunity zones optimized flex fuel vehicles orange peel orchard grass orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) osage orange OSHA Overseas Private Investment Corporation overview overview/survey course owa oxygen oxygenate ozone Pakistan Palau palm palm biomass palm fatty acid distillate palm fiber palm fronds palm kernel palm kernel oil palm kernel shell palm oil Palm Oil Methyl Ester (PME) palm oil mill effluent (POME) palm oil prices palm trunk sap palm waste Paludiculture/peatland cultivation Panama pandas panic grass papaya paper Papua Indonesia Papua New Guinea paraffins Paraguay Paris Agreement parity partial waiver particulates pasture land Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) patents pathways Paulownia paulownia tree payments peach shell peaches peak oil peak oil demand peanuts/groundnuts peas pectin peela kaner pellet pellets Pennsylvania pennycress/stinkweed pentane pentanol pentose pequi perennial grains perennial grasses Performance permitting Peru pest-tolerance pesticide-tolerance pests pet food petition petroleum pharmaceuticals phase separation Philippines phosphorus photobioreactor photoelectrocatalysis photoelectrochemical photolysis photosynthesis phragmites pigeon pea pilot pilot scale pine pine beetle pine needles pine nut pineapple Pineapple leaf pinion Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Admin (PHMSA) pipelines Pistacia chinensis PLA plant cell research plant cell walls plant oil plastic plastic-to-jet platinum Plug-in Flex Fuel Hybrid Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) plume grass Poand podcasts Poland poli Policy politics pollinators pollution pollution control polyethylene polyfuel polymer polymerization polysaccharides pomace pomegranates pongamia pongamia pinnata poplar poppy population control Portable refinery Portugal poster sessions potamogeton potassium potato poultry litter/waste power power-to-x/gas/liquid prairie grasses pre-processing precision farming/agriculture 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rice hulls rice husks rice price rice straw/paddy straw RICO (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act) RIMPAC RINs (Renewable Identification Numbers) RINs markets RINs price risk management RJ-4 RJ-6 RME (rape methyl ester) RME180 RNA (Ribonucleic acid) RNG tax credit roadmap rocket fuel Romania RON (Research Octane Number) rosin rotation crops Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials (RSB) royalties RP-1 RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber rubber seeds rumen ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Rural Renewable Energy Pilot Program rushes Russia Russian olive rutabaga Rwanda ry rye Rye grass rye straw s saccharification SAF pipeline SAF10 SAF30 SAF40 SAFc (Sustainable Aviation Fuel certificates) Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower sago pond weed SAIC sal tree Salicornia salt water salt-tolerant saltbush saltcedar Samoa Sanctions Santa Monica sardine oil Saskatchewan Saudi 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