Carbon Intensity (CI)/Carbon Footprint

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Back to Basics: Renewable Diesel 101

(EcoEngineers) Join us for an introductory webinar covering the fundamentals of renewable diesel (RD) and sustainable aviation fuel (SAF). As part of our ongoing “Back to Basics” series, this session will provide an overview of production methods, common feedstocks like used

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World Economic Forum and GenZero Launch SAF Program for Asia-Pacific

by Meghan Sapp (Biofuels Digest) In Singapore, World Economic Forum in collaboration with GenZero, announced the launch of Green Fuel Forward, a new initiative designed to scale demand for Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) in the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region. Announced during the GenZero Climate

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Volvo’s Gas-Powered Trucks on the Rise – Enabling up to 100% CO2 Reduction

(Volvo)  Demand for Volvo’s gas-powered trucks is rising and sales increased by more than 25% in 2024. Gas-powered trucks are a growing solution for transport companies to reduce their CO2 footprint as carbon emissions can be reduced by up to 100%

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New Generation DAF Now also Fuelled by B100 Biodiesel

(DAF) Important addition for transporters committed to sustainability -- For transporters who wish to switch to B100 biodiesel, the New Generation DAF XF, XG and XG+ can now also be delivered with a specially developed PACCAR MX-13 engine. This new power source is

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Neste Expands APAC Footprint with Advanced Biofuels Driving Growth

(Grain Journal/MarketDigits)  Bioenergy Market APAC: Key Developments Shaping the Sector in 2025 -- The bioenergy sector across the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region is witnessing transformative growth in 2025. As countries intensify efforts to transition toward sustainable energy systems, several policy reforms, technological advancements,

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2024 Iowa Renewable Fuels Economic Contribution Study Shows Impact of Stagnant Corn Demand Hitting Agriculture Economy

(Iowa Renewable Fuels Association) Access to New Markets to Grow Demand Require Carbon Capture and Sequestration -- According to a new economic contribution study released today (May 6, 2025), Iowa biofuels production has begun to reflect stagnant corn demand throughout the agriculture

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The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to Policies and Practices for Climate Smart Agriculture

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This presentation features Gregory Jaffe of Jaffe Policy Consulting. Highlights include details on the USDA Climate Smart Agriculture Interim Rule, covering biofuel feedstock crops, carbon intensity, and supply chain standards. It outlines covered crops like field

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SAF Takes Off & Ticket Prices Follow: The Real Cost Of Greener Air Travel

by Michael Barnard (Clean Technica) A traveler books a long-haul flight from Frankfurt to Singapore and notices a line item labeled “Environmental Surcharge.” It’s not optional, and it’s not tiny. For most economy passengers, it adds somewhere between €6 and €20. In

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Ethanol Blog: Does the Trump Administration Fully Understand Rural Economic Potential of SAF?

by Todd Neeley (DTN Progressive Farmer)  As time passes beyond the first 100 days of the Trump administration, dreams of a rural future with sustainable aviation fuel seem to be waning -- this despite the rural vote carrying President Donald Trump

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Viva Energy : Holds Australian-First Cruise Ship Biofuels Trial

(Viva Energy Australia)  Viva Energy kicked-off an an innovative trial of marine biofuel when Royal Caribbean Group's Celebrity Edge sailed from Sydney on 5 April.The initiative marks the first commercial cruise ship in Australia to partake in this trial, serving as

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Irish Ferries Uses Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil to Fuel Ship for First Time

by Colin Gleeson (Irish Times) Paul Balfe of fuel supplier Circle K says move ‘a significant step towards cleaner maritime operations’ -- Irish Ferries’ high speed catamaran Dublin Swift has become the group’s first vessel to use hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) as

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OMV Unveils Austria’s Largest Green Hydrogen Production Plant

(OMV) OMV's first-time production of green hydrogen on a commercial scale; OMV has successfully started-up its plant in Schwechat near Vienna with an annual production of up to 1,500 metric tons of green hydrogen; It contributes to the production of more sustainable fuels

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Nebraska Celebrates Renewable Fuels Month This May

(Nebraska Ethanol Board)  Renewable Fuels Month highlights the importance of renewable biofuels, such as ethanol and biodiesel. The month of May marks the beginning of the summer driving season, making it an ideal time to fuel up on clean and cost-saving biofuels.

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North Dakota Creates Program to Help Ethanol Producers Lower Their CI Scores

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  North Dakota Gov. Kelly Armstrong on April 15 signed a bill creating a low-carbon fuels fund that is designed to help the state’s ethanol producers lower the carbon intensity (CI) of the fuel they produce,

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Carey, Miller-Meeks Lead Bill to Extend Biofuel Tax Credits

(Office of U.S. Representative Mike Carey (R-Ohio-15)) Today (May 1, 2025), U.S. Reps. Mike Carey (R-Ohio-15), a member of the House Ways and Means Committee, and Mariannette Miller-Meeks, M.D. (R-Iowa-01) introduced bipartisan legislation to extend tax incentives that strengthen the biofuels sector. “Biodiesel

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Keenan Recycling Powers Ahead with 100% Biomethane Food Waste Trucks

(Bioenergy Insight) Keenan Recycling said it is hitting the road with a new fleet of 100% biomethane-powered food waste collection trucks, designed to revolutionise how food waste is collected and transported in the UK. As the nation’s largest food waste collector, Keenan

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Repsol Surpasses 1,000 Service Stations with 100% Renewable Nexa Diesel

(Repsol) o From tomorrow (April 29, 2025) and until July 31, 2025, individual clients, who use the company’s payment app Waylet when refueling, will enjoy a discount of €0.10 per liter. With this discount, the 100% renewable fuel can be

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ASEAN and Canada Study Finds Southeast Asia Could Be a Key SAF Producer and Exporter

by Tony Harrington (GreenAir)  A high-level trans-Pacific research programme has concluded that abundant supplies of agricultural feedstock across multiple countries in Southeast Asia could facilitate the region’s emergence as a key global supplier of sustainable aviation fuels. The study was undertaken

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Advancing Maritime Decarbonization: The 2025 IMO Agreement and the Fuel Transition

by Jefferson dos Santos Estevo* (Advanced Biofuels USA) The international transport sector, encompassing both aviation and maritime shipping, accounts for a significant share of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The data from the International Energy Agency (IEA) suggests aviation, in 2023, was

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SK Incheon Petrochemical Debuts B30 Marine Biofuel Supply in South Korea

by Ajsa Habibic (Offshore Energy)  Energy and chemical company SK Incheon Petrochemical, a subsidiary of South Korea’s conglomerate SK Group, has launched the first domestic production and supply of B30 biofuel for the shipping sector. The company started supplying B30 marine fuel

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Vitol Launches New FuelEU Compliant Co-processed VLSFO Offering for Marine Customers

(Vitol) Vitol’s Elandra Falcon is the first vessel to bunker the fuel at Fujairah  --  Vitol Bunkers is to offer customers FuelEU compliant co-processed bunkering fuel. The fuel is being produced by Vitol’s refinery in Fujairah – a 100kbd refinery producing finished

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Utility Global and Hanwha Corporation E&C Division to Collaborate on Cost-Effective Clean Hydrogen Production Using Biogas from Wastewater Treatment Facilities

(Utility Global) Utility Global, Inc. (“Utility”), a global leader in economic clean hydrogen production, announced that it will partner with Hanwha Corporation E&C Division (“Hanwha”) to carry out a Pre-FEED (preliminary front-end engineering and design) study for the deployment of its

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The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to Biogas Upgrading to Renewable Natural Gas

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Explore biomethanation as a cost-effective method to upgrade biogas to pipeline quality renewable natural gas (RNG). This process uses naturally occurring organisms and hydrogen to convert CO2 in biogas to methane, potentially increasing production by 60-70%.

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Moores Switch HGV Fleet to Biodiesel

(Showhouse) Moores is accelerating its sustainability efforts by transitioning its entire HGV fleet to run on renewable biodiesel, reinforcing its commitment to reducing carbon emissions across operations. By switching to HVO (Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil), Moores is cutting CO₂ emissions by up to

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Sustainable Flight Fuel Added at Taiwan’s Airports

by Shelley Shan (Taipei Times) Approximately 6,000 tonnes of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) would be available for domestic and international airlines to use at airports across Taiwan this year, which would help curb about 15,000 tonnes of carbon emissions, the Ministry

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The Digest’s March 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to Haffner Energy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This ABLC presentation deck highlights Haffner’s Hypergas technology for clean fuels and decarbonization solutions from residual biomass, backed by 31 years of experience. Presented by Nathalie Ionesco, Haffner Energy Inc COO, the guide details their proprietary

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What You Can Do for Earth Month and Beyond! In California, You Can Use a 100% Renewable Replacement for Gasoline, SuperEthanol!

In California, Pearson Fuels supplies E85 to 329 retail sites across the state and adds around 50 sites every year. Pearson’s two products are E85 blended with gasoline and a completely renewable fuel made up of E85 and renewable naphtha, which

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Marrying Sails and Biofuel, Odfjell Tanker Demonstrates ‘First’ Near Carbon-Neutral Transatlantic Voyage

by Naida Hakirevic Prevljak (Offshore Energy)  Chemical tanker Bow Olympus is currently crossing the Atlantic powered by a combination of wind-assisted propulsion and a certified sustainable 100% biofuel. The milestone voyage proves how existing technologies and fuels can be paired to

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MASH Makes Powers First Vessel Trial with Biofuel from a Carbon-Negative Process

(MASH Makes)  Global shipping company DS NORDEN and renewable energy company MASH Makes have successfully completed the world’s first commercial vessel trial using biofuel produced from a carbon-negative process. The vessel operated on a roundtrip voyage from Singapore to Brazil, successfully

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The New Partnerships Mark the Next Phase of EVA Air’s Sustainability Journey

(EVA Air)  EVA Air announced the signing of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) procurement agreements with three major suppliers: Associated Energy Group, LLC (AEG FUELS) from the United States, COSMO Oil Marketing Co., Ltd. (COSMO) from Japan, and Formosa Petrochemical Corporation from

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Mammoet Makes HVO Commitment to Fuel Its Carbon Reduction Goals

(Mammoet)  The heavy lift and transport company implements HVO in the Netherlands, UK and Canada  --  Mammoet today announced that it will be implementing HVO fuel across the Netherlands, UK and Canada from Q2 2025. The move demonstrates that the company is

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GC Advances Integrated Biorefinery, Moving Forward with Bio-Chemicals and Bio-Polymers to Drive High-Value, Low-Carbon Business

(PTT Global Chemical Public Company) PTT Global Chemical Public Company Limited (GC), a global leader in chemicals for better living, is accelerating its biorefinery productions, building upon its success as Thailand’s first producer of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF). GC is now

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Škoda Auto Uses Sustainable HVO Fuel in Newly Produced Diesel Models and Its Logistics Fleet

(Škoda) › Celebrating Earth Day: Škoda Auto switches to using high-quality HVO (hydrotreated vegetable oil) fuel for the initial fill in newly manufactured diesel vehicles and for refueling its logistics fleet › HVO fuel has up to 90% lower net carbon emissions

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Mabanaft Expands Aviation Fuel Supply to Airlines at Frankfurt Airport

(Mabanaft)  In January 2025, Mabanaft started the supply of jet fuel and a HEFA SPK Blend (so called “Sustainable Aviation Fuel”, hereinafter referred to as SAF, reducing CO2 emissions up to 80% over its life cycle) to airlines at Frankfurt Airport. This

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MPCA Gives $75,000 to U. for Sustainable Aviation Fuel Research

(Minnesota Pollution Control Agency)   Forever Green Initiative continuing study of camelina’s suitability to make jet fuel --  Camelina is what’s considered an ancient crop, one that Europeans cultivated thousands of years ago. It’s also considered an orphan crop, displaced by other

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Biofuel, Biogas Groups Comment on New Updates to Proposed California LCFS Amendments

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) California Air Resources Board on April 4 released a third set of proposed changes to the state’s Low Carbon Fuel Standard. More than 80 public comments were filed ahead of an April 21 deadline, including

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Winter Canola Gains Traction in Midsouth as Renewable Diesel Feedstock

by Tom J. Bechman and Mindy Ward (Farm Progress)  Despite previous failures, farmers in the Midsouth and southern Corn Belt are embracing winter canola as a new crop, thanks to improved hybrid varieties and a growing market for renewable diesel fuel production. ... Thanks

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The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to Vertimass

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) The presentation details Vertimass’ proprietary CADO (Consolidated Alcohol Deoxygenation and Oligomerization) technology, a 1-step catalytic process that transforms diverse alcohols into sustainable fuels like SAF, gasoline, and diesel. The presentation, by John Hannon, highlights the promise

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The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to World Energy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  This presentation deck introduces World Energy as a low-carbon solutions pioneer working with hard-to-abate sectors to meet net-zero commitments through sustainable aviation fuel, green hydrogen, and advanced biofuels. Their SAF production uses HEFA technology with a

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Fortescue and CMB.TECH Sign Agreement for Ammonia-Powered Ore Carrier

(Fortescue)  Fortescue has signed an agreement with Bocimar, part of CMB.TECH, to charter a new ammonia-powered vessel. This emphasises the commitment of both companies to decarbonise the shipping industry.  --  Fortescue has signed an agreement with Bocimar, part of CMB.TECH, to charter

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Accelerating e-Methanol Production in Collaboration with Topsoe in the US Midwest

(Worley) We’ve entered into a collaboration with decarbonization technology expert Topsoe to accelerate standardized, modular e-Methanol production plants in the US Midwest. -- Our partnership aims to support the shipping industry transition to low carbon fuels while addressing growing demand, with each

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Expander Proceeds with Carseland Bio-Synfuels Project

(Expander Energy/CISION)  Expander Energy Inc. ("Expander"), is pleased to announce that Expander intends to proceed with the Carseland Bio-Synfuels project.   -- Cielo Waste Solutions Corp. (TSXV: CMC) ("Cielo") has publicly announced that it intends to transition away from Bio-Synthetic fuels to its first

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TotalEnergies to Supply SAF for Volotea’s French Operations

(Mobility Plaza)  The agreement supports the airline’s broader decarbonization strategy and advances the use of SAF in European aviation. -- Volotea, the airline connecting Europe’s small and mid-sized cities, has signed a strategic agreement with TotalEnergies for the supply of sustainable Aviation

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U.S. SAF Market To Hit $7 Billion by 2030

by Curt Epstein (AIN Online) Study predicts a nearly sevenfold growth -- A new report predicts the U.S. sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) market will grow to a value of $6.97 billion by the end of the decade. The study by management consultancy

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US Biofuel Industry Sees Threats to Feedstock From Trump Tariffs

by Kim Chipman (Bloomberg/MSN) ... “If this tariff holds true on ethanol imports, the result is a higher cost SAF product that we are making in the US,” LanzaJet Chief Executive Officer Jimmy Samartzis said in an interview, referring to a

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The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to Iogen

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This presentation deck from ABLC highlights Iogen's position as a pioneering technology company focused on 2nd generation biofuels from agricultural residues. They emphasize that 2G biofuels offer a practical path to net-zero in hard-to-electrify sectors like

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American Power Group Highlights Their Dramatic Low-Carbon Dual Fuel Results when Replacing Diesel Fuel with Dairy RNG On Class 8 Trucks

(American Power Group/Access Newswire) American Power Group Corporation (OTC Pink:APGI) the leading U.S. based dual fuel diesel engine conversion technology company is pleased to highlight that APG's vehicular dual fuel solution can generate significantly low carbon emissions when displacing diesel fuel

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Let’s ‘Make Hay’ from CO2 In Biofuels Production, and Consider Three Potential Marketing Scenarios

by Sam A. Rushing (Advanced Cryogenics, Ltd./Biofuels Digest) The long term sustainability of first generation ethanol facilities, through advanced biofuels plants, is realized by making money from all the by-products; and of course, CO2 is one of the leading components of

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Moving Fiber Forward: New Testing Methods Have Reopened the Door for Cellulosic Corn Kernel Fiber Ethanol

by Katie Schroeder (Ethanol Producer Magazine) New testing methods have reopened the door for cellulosic corn kernel fiber ethanol produced in-situ to generate D3 renewable identification numbers (RINs). In-situ production of cellulosic ethanol breaks down corn kernel fiber alongside starch during

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USDA Cancels Biden Era Climate Slush Fund, Reprioritizes Existing Funding to Farmers

(U.S. Department of Agriculture)  U.S. Secretary of Agriculture Brooke Rollins today announced the cancellation of the Partnerships for Climate-Smart Commodities (PCSC). Following a thorough line by line review of each of these Biden era partnerships, it became clear that the majority

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Moeve to Supply Port of Ceuta with 2G Biofuels

(Safety4Sea)  Moeve has begun supplying biofuels to customers in Ceuta and has become the first company to offer second-generation (2G) biofuels at the port. The 2G biofuels, produced at Moeve’s Energy Park in Algeciras, are derived from non-food biomass sources such as

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Unprecedented Global Agreement Gives Shipping Clarity on Critical Next Step to Decarbonization

(World Shipping Council) The World Shipping Council has welcomed an unprecedented global agreement at the International Maritime Organization (IMO) today, as a critical next step toward shipping decarbonization. Following a contentious and difficult debate, the IMO reached agreement on a measure to

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Tsubame BHB Signs LOI with Brazilian Company on Green Ammonia Manufacturing Facilities Project

(Tsubame BHB/PR Newswire) Tsubame BHB Co., Ltd. ("Tsubame BHB"), which is aiming for the social implementation and commercialization of distributed ammonia manufacturing plants, has signed a Letter of Intent (LOI) with ATVOS AGROINDUSTRIAL PARTICIPAÇÕES S.A in Brazil ("Atvos"), one of the leading biofuels

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12 Mazdas Complete Epic 1,300-Mile Arctic Road-Trip on Sustainable Biofuel

by James Batchelor (Express and Star) The trip from the Baltic to the Arctic Circle highlighted the viability of sustainable fuel -- A fleet of Mazda SUVs have travelled over 1,300 miles across some of the world’s hardest terrain to demonstrate the

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Trump Issues Order to Block State Climate Change Policies

by Nichola Groom (Reuters) U.S. President Donald Trump issued an executive order on Tuesday that aims to block the enforcement of state laws passed to reduce the use of fossil fuels and combat climate change. The move is the latest in a

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Metro Ports Achieves Major Emissions Reduction at the Port of Long Beach

(Metro Ports/Globe Newswire) - Metro Ports is proud to announce today a significant environmental milestone in their voluntary efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. A new review of their 2023-2024 emissions data confirms that our transition to renewable diesel (R99) has led to

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The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to DG Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) DG Fuels presented its patented technology for high carbon conversion SAF production, boasting zero CI and low costs. Their Louisiana project is nearing FID in 2025, with presold capacity. DG Fuels aims for the lowest unit

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How Our Farm Will Benefit from Low-Carbon Corn

by Preston Brown (Farm Progress)   Oregon, Ill., farmer and carbon entrepreneur Preston Brown believes it’s possible for farmers to get an extra 5, 10 or 20 cents per bushel of corn with the right CI score. --  ... And as one of

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New Generation DAF Now also Fuelled by B100 Biodiesel

(DAF/Automotive World) Important addition for transporters committed to sustainability -- For transporters who wish to switch to B100 biodiesel, the New Generation DAF XF, XG and XG+ can now also be delivered with a specially developed PACCAR MX-13 engine. This new power

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Coral Marine Executes First Delivery of Biofuels in Greece

(Safety4Sea) Motor Oil Group, through its company Coral Marine, has completed the first-ever delivery of biofuel marine fuels in Greece. The delivery took place aboard the cruise ship Celestyal Discovery at the Port of Lavrio and represents the first use of an

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Greencarrier Takes Steps to Accelerate Fossil-Free Shipping – Offers Free Biofuel Insets to Clients

(Greencarrier)  To accelerate the transition to fossil-free fuels in the maritime sector, Swedish logistics company Greencarrier is launching the ‘Shipping Made Fossil-Free’ campaign. As part of the initiative, Greencarrier is offering businesses a free trial of its Maritime Biofuel Insets solution,

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BioStar Renewables Partners with Seaboard Energy to Power Renewable Diesel Plant with 15 MW Solar Array in Hugoton, KS

(BioStar Renewables/ACCESS Newswire) BioStar Renewables is proud to have partnered with Seaboard Energy, LLC to develop and construct a behind-the-meter solar array that is producing renewable electricity for the Seaboard's renewable diesel plant in Hugoton, KS. The 15 MW solar array is located at

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Aligning the Pieces of 45Z

by Luke Geiver (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  The critical pieces of the 45Z tax credit puzzle have been on display for interpretation by the greater biofuels industry and the current administration since early January. At the start of the year, 45Z—designed to

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The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to Synata Bio

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Synata Bio upcycles waste gases via proprietary gas fermentation into valuable commodities like fuels and chemicals. Their CCU system aims for incremental margin and reduces CO2 emissions. Their first commercial plant, the Sylonto JV in China,

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TopSoil® Summit --- June 3, 2025 --- Riverside, IA

 Join us for our annual event, where industry leaders, growers, and innovators come together to discuss the future of agriculture. This is your chance to gain insights, connect with experts, and explore the latest opportunities shaping the industry. READ MORE (includes videos

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Continuum Ag Launches TopSoil Connect: Turning Farm Data into Real Financial Value

(Continuum Ag)  Utilizing farm data provides a new revenue source for farmers looking to boost profitability. However, oftentimes, it is unclear which program is a fit and what contract is best to sign. The launch of TopSoil Connect provides a transparent, farmer-first platform

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Verity Announces Agreement with Minnesota Soybean Processors to Track and Verify Sustainable Agriculture Attributes

(Gevo)  Gevo subsidiary Verity and Minnesota Soybean Processors partner to pass sustainability value to final products --   Verity Holdings, LLC (“Verity”), is pleased to announce we have partnered with Minnesota Soybean Processors (“MnSP”) to implement Verity’s proprietary track and trace software. This

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CARB Releases Study on E15 Emissions to the Public

(Opis/Governors' Biofuels Coalition) The California Air Resources Board released a study to the public on Friday from its ongoing evaluation of E15 that found the fuel blend emits less pollutants than E10 and reduces the carbon intensity of the fuel supply. The

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2035: A Good Year for Ethanol in the EU?

by Philippe Marchand (Transport Energy Strategies) In the EU mobility transition, 2035 has been circled in red on the calendar. In the original version of the Green Deal, a de facto sales ban of Internal Combustion Engines Vehicles (ICEV) in 2035 would pave the

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The Digest 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to Grain Production Systems to Lower the Carbon Intensity Score

Michigan State University, through Bruno Basso’s work, promotes a circular bioeconomy in grain production systems to lower the carbon intensity score. This approach unites circularity, emphasizing resource efficiency and waste minimization, with the bioeconomy, which displaces fossil fuels with bio-based

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Panama to Incentivize Low-Emission Shipping with New Priority Passage Program

by Sara Kosmajac (Offshore Energy) The Panama Canal Authority (ACP) has unveiled a new initiative that prioritizes vessels running on low-carbon fuels and ships fitted with energy-efficient technologies, aiming to ‘fortify’ its own as well as global shipping decarbonization goals. Dubbed the

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Japan Opens Second Round of Zero-Emission Shipbuilding Subsidy Program DEADLINE May 20, 2025

by Jim Kendrick (Biofuels Digest) In Japan, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism launched the second round of applications for its Zero Emission Shipbuilding Program, offering up to ¥6.5 billion (¥500 million in the first year) to support production facilities

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Tsuneishi Shipbuilding Launches Japan's First Hydrogen-Fueled Tugboat

(Tsuneishi Holdings Corporation/PR Times (Google Translation))   Increasing the power output of hydrogen-mixed combustion engines and making ship steel greener -- Tsuneishi Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. (Head office: Fukuyama, Hiroshima Prefecture; Representative Director and President: Yukio Okumura) launched Japan's first hydrogen-fueled tugboat at

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Bunker Vessel “Avenir Ascension” to Run Continuously on Bio-LNG in 2025

(Avenir LNG/Manifold Times) Vessel will run 100% on bio-LNG for the remainder of 2025 as of 1 April, reducing Avenir LNG’s CO2 emissions by more than 3,500 tonnes CO2 emissions per year.  --  Avenir LNG, owner and operator of LNG and bio-LNG

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US Oil, Farm Groups Push EPA for Steep Biofuel Mandate

by Cole Martin (Argus Media)  The American Petroleum Institute and biofuel-supporting groups told Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) officials at a meeting today (April 1, 2025) that the agency should sharply raise advanced biofuel blend mandates for 2026. The coalition told EPA that

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Gevo Provides Update on Planned SAF Projects

by Erin Voegele (Biomass Magazine)  Gevo Inc. CEO Patrick Gruber discussed the company’s proposed sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) project in South Dakota during a fourth quarter earnings call, held March 27, indicating financial close could be achieved by year-end.  The 60 MMgy

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Elkem, NCL and MPCC Inaugurate Low-Emissions Container Vessel to Strengthen Strategic European Silicon Value Chains

(Elkem)  NCL (North Sea Container Line AS) together with partners Elkem ASA, and MPC Container Ships ASA (MPCC), today (April 1, 2205) initiated the operation of NCL VESTLAND in Haugesund, Norway. This marks the commencement of the vessel’s service between Western,

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EcoCeres Inc., Mitsui & Co. Energy Trading Singapore Pte. Ltd., KPI OceanConnect and Global Energy supplied Sustainable HVO for Marine Bunkering

(EcoCeres/Mitsui/KPI OceanConnect) EcoCeres Inc., Mitsui & Co. Energy Trading Singapore Pte. Ltd., KPI OceanConnect, and Global Energy have jointly conducted the sustainable supply of Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil (HVO) with the delivery of 400 metrics tons to a renowned cruise line in

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The Digest 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to Marquis

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Marquis focuses on expanding markets, strengthening rural America, and achieving energy dominance through corn ethanol 2.0 and other green fuels including SAF. They highlight the potential of ethanol (EtOH) as a marine fuel, with testing completed

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Neste and European Automotive and Biofuels Industry Players Join Forces on a Tour d'Europe

(Neste)  Tour d’Europe is an initiative demonstrating the availability and potential of renewable fuels to help drive decarbonization and contribute to climate neutrality today and for decades to come. The Tour d’Europe involves 20 different companies, associations and institutions from across

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VARO Announces Transformative Acquisition of Preem AB to Create a Leading Energy Provider to Customers in the Mobility and Industrial Sectors

(VARO) • Scale and geographic reach: Preem’s leading energy business in Scandinavia complements VARO’s existing footprint and post completion the combined business will supply around 10% of Europe’s Road and marine fuel1 Second largest renewable fuel producer in Europe: adding 1.3 million tons per

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Farmers See Promise in SAF

by Jared White (Brownfield Ag News) A southern Illinois farmer says the sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) industry can be agriculture’s next big boon. Matt Raben, who farms in White County and serves on the Illinois Corn Marketing Board of Directors, says finding

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Second-Generation Biofuels Potential in Africa – Research on Non-Food and Waste-Based Biofuel Production

by David King Boison, Iddrisu Awudu Kasoa, and Sylvester Vuvor  (MyJoyOnline)  Africa stands at a critical crossroads of energy transformation, an era defined by both urgency and immense opportunity. Across the continent, rapid urbanization, population growth, and economic expansion have surged energy

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Strengthening Ghana’s National Biofuel Policy Implementation: Tailored Policy Recommendations

by David King Boison,  Awudu Iddrisu and Sylvester Vuvor (MyJoyOnline)  Ghana, like many countries across sub-Saharan Africa, is at a critical crossroads in its energy transition journey. With increasing pressure to reduce fossil fuel dependence, enhance energy security, and meet international

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Al-Corn Clean Fuel Hosts Goodhue High School Students

(Minnesota Bio-Fuels Association)  Twenty students from Goodhue High School toured Al-Corn Clean Fuel today learn about the ethanol production process.  “We enjoyed hosting today’s group of students from Goodhue High School’s Ag Technology class. For nearly three decades, we’ve been in the

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Atvos Obtains Installation License for Its First Biomethane Plant in Mato Grosso do Sul

(Atvos) Earthmoving work is expected to begin in April and operations are scheduled to begin at the end of 2026. -- Atvos has received the Installation License (LI) for the construction of its first biomethane plant. The new plant will be built

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Terragia Secures $6M to Develop Cost-Competitive, Low-Carbon Biofuel Technology

(Terragia/Business Wire)  The startup expanded its leadership team with climate tech veteran Kristin Brief joining as CEO, Lee Lynd transitions to CTO. --   Terragia Biofuel, a technology startup aiming to drive the next generation of biofuels, today (March 28, 2025) announced

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Trump Administration Tells Oil and Biofuels Groups to Hash out New Biofuel Policy

by Jarrett Renshaw (Reuters/MSN)  U.S. President Donald Trump's administration has asked oil and biofuels producers to hash out a deal on the next phase of the nation's biofuels policy to avoid the kind of political clashes that marked his first term,

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Inside Pan Oleo Energy's Sustainable Biofuel Drive: Empowering Communities, Driving Change

(Ahmedabad Mirror)  As the world pivots towards a low-carbon future, Pan Oleo Energy stands as a key player in pioneering an ambitious and highly successful expansion of its low-carbon biofuel feedstock aggregation drive into global markets. With climate change posing an

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O-I Glass Completes Biofuels Trial at Harlow Facility

by Greg Morris (Glass International)  O-I Glass has recently successfully completed a biofuel trial in its plant in Harlow, UK.  The world’s largest container glass manufacturer used 100% biofuel to replace natural gas in the furnace for the glass manufacturing process. This achievement

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HMM Takes Delivery of Its First Methanol-Powered Containership

(HMM) HMM takes delivery of ‘HMM GREEN’, a 9,000 TEU methanol-powered containership. This vessel is the first of nine sister ships ordered in February 2023 from HD Hyundai Samho Heavy Industries (seven vessels) and HJ Shipbuilding & Construction (two vessels).   Starting with

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Persistence, Dedication and Financing in the Energy and Molecule Transition

by Joanne Ivancic* (Advanced Biofuels USA) What is one of the best things about ABLC?  The answer is heard repeatedly in hallway conversation with first-timers and veterans. It’s that this is a welcoming community of real, caring, dedicated people really doing

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WastAway Builds Brand, Network at Top Biofuels, Waste Recycling Conferences

(WastAway) Green Tech Firm’s Patented Process Takes Center Stage at SERC, IBCE, American Biogas & WasteExpo – WastAway – a leading green tech company that converts municipal solid waste (MSW) to fuel – is boosting its brand and revving its marketing

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Commission Approves a €400 Million Austrian State Aid Scheme, and a €36 Million Lithuanian State Aid Scheme, to Support Renewable Hydrogen Production

(European Commission)   The European Commission has approved, under EU State aid rules, a €400 million Austrian State aid scheme, and a €36 million Lithuanian State aid scheme, to support the production of renewable hydrogen through the European Hydrogen Bank's “Auctions-as-a-Service” tool for the

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Utility Achieves Industry-First Hydrogen Production Using Steel Manufacturing Off-Gases

(Utility/CISION) Onsite hydrogen production using industrial off-gases now offers a commercially viable, economic clean energy for heavy industry -- Utility, the leader in affordable, reliable and clean hydrogen solutions that drive a profitable energy transition for hard-to-abate industries worldwide, today announced the

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Germany: TotalEnergies and RWE Join Forces on Green Hydrogen to Decarbonize the Leuna Refinery

(TotalEnergies) 30,000 tons a year of green hydrogen supplied to TotalEnergies’ Leuna refinery; 300,000 tons a year of CO2 emissions prevented at the Leuna refinery; The largest green hydrogen contract with an electrolyzer in Germany  --   In line with its 2030 ambition

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Driving Change: DB SCHENKER Supplies Mercedes-Benz with Record SAF Volume

(DB SCHENKER) The thrill of takeoff, the world shrinking beneath us, the promise of new adventures. While we appreciate the speed and global reach that air freight provides both us and our shipped goods, we must also acknowledge its environmental impact. So

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SAS Collaborates with Alpine World Cup Åre 2025 to Foster Sustainable Air Travel

(Scandinavian Airlines) SAS and Alpine World Cup Åre 2025 have partnered to make travel to the event more sustainable. As part of this, SAS will provide Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) for 500 athletes and team members traveling to the event, taking

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Comstock Fuels Completes Financing with Marathon Petroleum

(Comstock Fuels)  Comstock Inc. (NYSE: LODE) today announced a new investment and strategic collaboration with Marathon Petroleum Corporation (NYSE: MPC) to advance its lignocellulosic biomass refining solutions to commercial maturity. Comstock Fuels Corporation (“Comstock Fuels”), a subsidiary of Comstock Inc., has

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GB Railfreight to Run Drax Services Exclusively on HVO in 2025

(GB Railfreight)  GB Railfreight (GBRf), one of the UK’s leading transporters of goods for businesses and consumers, has signed a 12-month agreement with leading renewable energy company Drax to use Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil (HVO) for its rail freight services. Throughout 2025,

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The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to Mobile Bioreactor Systems for Renewable Natural Gas Production

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This presentation by Kevin Harrison from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory aims to scale down a hydrogen-biomethanation system into a mobile RD&D platform to enable faster research, IP development & validation, and improved gas mass transfer

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NEXTCHEM Awarded a Licensing Contract by Transition Industries for a 2.1 Million Tons per Year Ultra-low Carbon Methanol Plant in Mexico Based on Its Proprietary NX AdWinMethanol® Zero Technology

(NEXTCHEM)  • NEXTCHEM’s proprietary NX AdWinMethanol® Zero offers an innovative process combining cutting-edge solutions to minimize carbon emissions, thanks to its autothermal reforming (ATR) technology The plant is poised to be one of the largest standalone ultra-low carbon chemical production facility in

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Low-Carbon Liquid Fuels of the Future Made In Australia

(Office of the Minister for Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development and Local Government) The Albanese Government is delivering $250 million to accelerate the pace of Australia’s growing domestic Low Carbon Liquid Fuels (LCLF) industry. This funding is part of the $1.7 billion Future

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Recommendation on Sustainable Aviation Fuels at the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)

(Brazil Ministry of Foreign Affairs)  Brazil welcomed with great satisfaction the technical recommendation on sustainable aviation fuels made during the 13th triennial meeting of the Aviation Environmental Protection Committee (CAEP) of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). The recommendation, which will be submitted

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Cost-Effective and Sustainable Solutions for Fleets Amid Evolving Energy Needs

(Trillium/ACT News) With increasingly complex and varying regulations along with additional sustainability goals and initiatives, fleets can often face uncertainty when navigating the cleanest available heavy-duty vehicle technologies and fuels. Often clean vehicles come with a significant price tag when compared

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Olleco Opens New UCO-Processing Plant in Liverpool

(Olleco/Biobased Diesel Daily) U.K.-based Olleco announced in late February the opening of its new used cooking oil (UCO) processing plant in Liverpool. The UCO collected by Olleco will be refined in this new facility and then sent through a pipe to its

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Red Sea Global Brings Sustainable Aviation Fuel to the Kingdom for the First Time

(Red Sea Global)  Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) is being made available to all airlines operating at Red Sea International Airport. The SAF used at the Red Sea International airport will reduce the produced carbon emissions resulting directly from each aircraft that uses

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Platts Modifies Chicago and Houston Biodiesel B100 Tax Credit Calculation, Feb. 24

(S&P Global) Platts, part of S&P Global Commodity Insights, has modified the federal tax credit for its biodiesel (B100) price assessment in Houston and Chicago, effective Feb. 24, 2025. This change aligns with the transition under the Inflation Reduction Act wherein, effective

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BNDES Approves 125.7 Million Reais for Ciclus to Expand Bioenergy Landfill in RJ

(BNDES/Bnamericas)  This is a machine translation of the press release originally published in Portuguese  The National Bank for Economic and Social Development (BNDES) approved a credit line for financing in the amount of R$125.7 million for Ciclus Ambiental Rio SA With resources

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TopSoil Webinar: The Road to Verified CI Certificates: Insights from EcoEngineers --- March 24, 2025 --- ONLINE

Continuum Ag has issued verified Carbon Intensity (CI) Certificates to farmers who completed the first-ever CI Certification audit process. These official Certificates represent low carbon footprint bushels of corn and are available for farmers to sell into participating markets. The

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Continuum Ag Issues 29 Million Verified CI Certificates

(Continuum Ag)  Continuum Ag has issued verified Carbon Intensity (CI) Certificates to farmers who completed the first-ever CI Certification audit process. These official Certificates represent low carbon footprint bushels of corn and are available for farmers to sell into participating markets.

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NOPA to DOE: Sustainable Maritime Fuel Definition Must Include Biofuels

by Samantha Paul (Grain Journal)  The National Oilseed Processors Association (NOPA) called on the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) to include oilseed-derived domestic biomass-based renewable fuels such as biodiesel and renewable diesel in any definition of Sustainable Maritime Fuel. “NOPA members’ oilseed

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Airbus Promotes Feasibility Studies on SAF in Argentina, Panama and Peru

(A21 (Google Translation))  It will contribute to the ICAO Voluntary Environment Fund with the aim of supporting the development and implementation of this technology in the region. --  Airbus and the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) announced an agreement to support the

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NRCan Clean Fuels Call for Proposals Now Open for Expressions of Interest DEADLINE April 8, 2025

(Natural Resources Canada) Clean Fuels Call for Proposals -- The Energy Innovation Program (EIP) – Clean Fuels Call for Proposals (“the Call”) will target research and development, pilot, and demonstration proposals that support the development of sustainable, cost-effective technologies critical to Canada’s

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Biogas in France: TotalEnergies Starts Its 2nd Largest Unit in Normandy

(TotalEnergies) BioNorrois will produce 153 GWh of biomethane, enough to supply 30,000 inhabitants. The sugar producer Cristal Union will provide up to 80% of the agricultural materials. BioNorrois will also produce 150,000 tons of natural fertilizer per year. BioNorrois will help avoid the emission

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Paulig Cuts Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Green Coffee and Spices Ocean Freight by 90%

(Paulig) Paulig has established long-term partnerships with multiple logistics carriers to switch to biofuel option for all ocean imports, reducing its ocean freight emissions by 90% and saving approximately 10,000 tonnes of CO2 emissions each year. Paulig’s main ocean imports include

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Paulig Cuts Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Green Coffee and Spices Ocean Freight by 90%

(Paulig) Paulig has established long-term partnerships with multiple logistics carriers to switch to biofuel option for all ocean imports, reducing its ocean freight emissions by 90% and saving approximately 10,000 tonnes of CO2 emissions each year. Paulig’s main ocean imports include

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Neste MY Renewable Diesel Successfully Tested by Rio Tinto in Iron Ore Operations in Australia

(Neste) Neste MY Renewable Diesel™ has helped fuel Rio Tinto’s Pilbara iron ore operations for the first time, with the completion of a successful trial of biofuel across its network of Western Australian ports, railways and mines. The trial, the first of its

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Plazen-Dongseo Power to Build 100,000-Ton Annual Clean Methanol Production Facility in Taebaek City

by Lee Sang-bok  (Plagen (Google Translation))   - Ssangyong Construction, Hanbit Energy, and Infrastructure Frontier Asset Management also participated.  - Taebaek City, whose population is decreasing due to mine closure, transforms into a clean energy city --  Plazen will build a clean methanol

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Haffner Energy Successfully Commissioned Its Hydrogen-from-Biomass Production unit in Marolles, France – a Breakthrough for the Hydrogen Industry

(Haffner Energy)  - Commissioning of the world's first plant producing hydrogen from solid biomass at the Marolles site (Champagne region, France).  - Unique thermochemical process that significantly reduces green hydrogen costs.  -“Super green” 1 hydrogen available for commercial use beginning the second half of 2025. Haffner

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The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to Sugar Valley Energy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This presentation deck outlines a plan for a new sugarcane ethanol and power plant in Imperial County, California. The project, known as Sugar Valley Energy, will produce 76 million gallons of ethanol annually with a low

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Royal Air Maroc, Vivo Energy Launch 1st Morocco-Europe Flight with Sustainable Fuel

bySafaa Kasraoui (Morocco World News)  The fuel could reduce CO2 emissions by up to 80% compared to conventional fuel. --  Vivo Energy Morocco and Royal Air Maroc (RAM) have launched the first flight connecting Morocco and Europe with sustainable fuel. The RAM flight, which is

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Boeing Partners with HPCL to Advance Sustainable Aviation Fuel in India

(Business World) Boeing and Hindustan Petroleum Corporation (HPCL) disclosed their partnership to help advance India’s sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) ecosystem and support the Indian Government’s environmental goals. As part of this partnership, Boeing and HPCL will explore opportunities to scale SAF production

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Multi-Car Pileup as Electric Vehicles Collide with Reality

by George Will (Washington Post)   In governments’ pursuit of zero emissions, they learn hard lessons about unintended consequences. -- ... Economic stagnation has the European Union tiptoeing away from its mandate that new cars and vans be emission-free by 2035. “Self-destructive,”

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Port of Inverness, Scotland, Takes 1st Delivery of Renewable Diesel for Pilot Boats

(Port of Inverness/Biobased Diesel Daily)  The Port of Inverness in Scotland announced Feb. 19 that it has taken delivery of its first batch of hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO), also known as renewable diesel, to use as a replacement for marine gasoil

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OMV Petrom Starts Construction of Sustainable Fuels Unit at Petrobrazi Refinery

(OMV Petrom) The new Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) and Renewable Diesel (HVO) unit will have a production capacity of 250,000 tons of sustainable fuels per year, starting in 2028; With this EUR 750 mn investment, OMV Petrom integrates sustainable fuel production at

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Establishment of a Joint Venture for the Production and Sale of Bioethanol and Other Products from Woody Biomass

(Sumitomo Corporation) Nippon Paper Industries, Sumitomo Corporation and Green Earth Institute aim for the stable supply of raw materials for domestically produced SAF, with production starting in 2027 -- Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd. (Head Office: Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo; President and Representative Director:

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Royal Air Force Trials Alternative Fuels

(Royal Air Force)  The Royal Air Force has trialled the use of hydrotreated vegetable oil to support current capabilities. The trial, which was called Project ESTER and took place at RAF Wittering in Cambridgeshire, was conducted by squadrons of the RAF's Support Force. Five

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Feenstra: 'Replace EV Cuts With 45Z'

by Todd Neeley (DTN Progressive Farmer)  Cuts to Electric-Vehicle Subsidies Could Pave Way For 45Z Budget Funding --  As rural America awaits the fate of the 45Z Clean Fuels Production Tax credit, one member of Congress told the ethanol industry during the

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Zhong Hai Asia Bunkers 2,500 tons B24 in Xiamen

by Jim Kendrick (Biofuels Digest) In China, Southeast Net Xiamen reports the Zhong Hai Asia completed a 2,500-ton biofuel bunkering operation on February 18 at Xiamen Yuanhai Terminal, marking the first marine biofuel bunkering in Fujian Province this year and the first under

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Demand Destruction 2.0 for Biodiesel and Renewable Diesel?

by Scott Irwin (farmdoc daily) Two recent farmdoc daily articles (February 5, 2025; February 12, 2025) examined the impact of small refinery exemptions (SREs) under the U.S. Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) on the demand for ethanol and biomass-based diesel (BBD).  The aggregate blend rate

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Where Is the Technical Solution for Overcoming the “Goldilocks Pricing” Problem for the Biofuel Industry? (Part 2)

by Bob Kozak* (Atlantic Biomass, LLC) In Part 1 of this 3-part series we discussed how “Goldilocks Oil Pricing” is causing major problems for the US fuel ethanol industry. In this Part 2 we’ll discuss why US R&D hasn’t been

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Ocean Network Express and Yusen Logistics Advance Sustainable Shipping Solutions with ONE LEAF+

(Ocean Network Express)  Ocean Network Express (“ONE”) and Yusen Logistics Co., Ltd (“Yusen Logistics”) are pleased to announce a new agreement for sustainable shipping solutions through ONE's green shipping service, ONE LEAF+.  This collaboration demonstrates how the industry can advance sustainable supply

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With 2050 Net-Zero Goal on Horizon, Momentum Builds for Biofuel in Japan

(Japan Times) A proposal to promote use of biofuel in the transportation sector is gaining attention as the country faces mounting pressure to accelerate decarbonization efforts and achieve the government's target of net-zero carbon dioxide emissions by 2050. In November last year,

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Third Year of Record Growth for U.S. Biogas Industry; Expected to Continue in 2024

(American Biogas Council) $1.8 billion was invested in new projects last year, according to numbers just released by the American Biogas Council -- Newly-released data from the American Biogas Council (ABC) indicates that 2023 was the third year of record growth across

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Gevo and Axens Partner to Broaden Their Alliance to Develop and Commercialize Bio-Based Renewable Hydrocarbon Fuels and Also Develop Gevo’s ETO Technology

(Gevo/Globe Newswire) Gevo, Inc. (NASDAQ: GEVO) and Axens (“Axens”) are pleased to announce they have formed a new strategic alliance to accelerate development and commercialization of sustainable aviation fuel (“SAF”) using the ethanol-to-jet (“ETJ”) pathway. The goal of the alliance is

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World's First Ammonia-Fueled Ammonia Carrier (AFMGC) Signed a Time Charter Contract

(Yara Clean Ammonia) A major contribution to the establishment of an ammonia supply chain -- Yara Clean Ammonia Switzerland SA (hereinafter "Yara Clean Ammonia"), a group company of Yara International ASA (hereinafter "Yara"), one of the world's largest ammonia players, and Nippon

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Future Bright for Low-Carbon Vessels

by Tan Yingzi and Deng Rui in Chongqing (China Daily Hong Kong)  On Feb 8, 2025,  the Minhou, the country's first 130-type methanol-diesel dual-fuel distribution vessel, docks at Chongqing's Guoyuan Port after departing from Shanghai, marking China's foray into eco-friendly and

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Ferrie: Some Practical Thoughts on How to Be Ready for ‘45Z’ Public Comments DEADLINE April 10, 2025

by Rhonda Brooks (AgWeb)  Farmers will need to be able to show farm records, receipts, delivery tickets, and any as-applied maps. Geo-stamp photos will also be required to prove the use of no-till and cover crops. -- The Clean Fuel Production Credit,

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Why Brazil Has Escaped Trump’s Tariff Targeting (So Far)

by Gabriel Malheiros (Datamar News)  “The question isn’t whether Brazil will face tariffs—it’s when”  That’s the assessment of experts consulted by BBC News Brasil regarding the future of Donald Trump’s tariff policies. “It’s highly likely that Brazil will eventually become a target of U.S.

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UK REA: Why UN IPCC Carbon Accounting for Biomass Generation Works

(U.K. Association for Renewable Energy and Clean Technology/Biomass Magazine) Bioenergy is produced from organic material known as biomass. Biomass contains carbon absorbed by trees and plants through photosynthesis. When used for energy, it comes in a range of different forms, from

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Castlerock Biofuels to Develop Renewable Fuel Oil Facility in Maine

(Castlerock Biofuels/Biomass Magazine) Castlerock Biofuels LLC, operating locally through its subsidiary EME Biofuels, LLC, has announced the selection of Millinocket, Maine, as the site for its new sustainable biocrude production facility, leveraging the advanced thermal processing (RTP) technology developed by Ensyn

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We Can’t Ignore Warning Signs, Farmers Need Growing Markets in 2025 Says IRFA’s Shaw

(Iowa Renewable Fuels Association)  Focused on Fuels of Opportunity at the 2025 Iowa Renewable Fuels Summit --  While it is easy to glance over incoming challenges, the renewable fuels industry must face those hurdles head-on and not let change deter the destination.

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Acelen Begins Unprecedented Macaúba Production Protocol

(Acelen)  Innovative project that will produce 1 billion liters of renewable diesel and sustainable QAV per year starts in partnership with plant micropropagation R&D specialist --   Acelen, an energy company, is starting the first phase of the renewable fuels project -

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The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to Low-Carbon Intensity Marine Fuels: The Nexant ECA View

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This is an overview from NexantECA, an energy and chemicals advisory company, outlining their services and expertise in the field of low-carbon intensity (LCI) marine fuels. The presentation deck highlights the company’s deep understanding of the

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Signature of a Term Sheet to Combine Two Technologies and Bring SAF Production to the Next Level

(Global Bioenergies)  Global Bioenergies has signed a term sheet with a large international industrialist (undisclosed) to co-develop a process leading to Sustainable Aviation Fuels (“SAF”) at a reduced cost and an improved CO2 reduction. This process will rely on the combination of

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The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to Terviva

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  This presentation deck highlights Terviva’s efforts to use the pongamia tree as a sustainable biofuel feedstock. Terviva argues that pongamia is uniquely suited to a climate-changing world, as it’s a low-carbon, scalable, and cost-competitive crop with

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Foment del Treball Will Fly More Sustainably with SAF Supplied by Vueling

(Foment) With this agreement, a pioneer in Spain, Vueling will supply the European airport network with the amount of SAF necessary to mitigate the emissions generated by the travel of Foment del Treball employees and managers.   Foment del Treball will become

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BASF Says Climate-Smart Biofuels Have Longevity

by Nicole Heslip (Brownfield Ag News)  A sustainability market development manager is bullish on decarbonization efforts continuing long into the future. Chad Asmus with BASF tells Brownfield 45Z tax credits allow farmers to be rewarded for their climate-smart efforts. “Low carbon intensity biofuels

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The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to the State of Low Carbon Hydrogen

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This presentation deck is a report by NexantECA, a consulting firm with extensive experience in the energy and chemicals sectors. The report focuses on the evolving landscape of low-carbon hydrogen, a critical component of the transition

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cell culturing cellulase enzymes cellulose cellulosic biofuel Cellulosic biomass cellulosic diesel Cellulosic ethanol cellulosic ethanol price cellulosic feedstock cellulosic production tax credit cellulosic sugars Cellulosic Tax Credit cellulosic waiver credit cement Central African Republic Central America Certificate Program Certificates of Origin (COs) certification certification fuels cesium cetane Chad change in soil condition charging stations CHCJ-5 chemical-looping hydrogen method Chesapeake Bay chicken feathers chickens Chile Chili China chitin chp chromium chufa/cyperus esculents/nutsedge CIA circular economy citrus citrus greening disease Citrus Peel clean air Clean Air Act (CAA) clean diesel Clean Fuel Standard/Policy (CFS) Clean Heat Standards Clean Power Plan (CPP) Clean Trucks Plan Clean Water Act climate change Climate Change Adaptation climate change effects climate change mitigation climate legislation climate smart/modern/conservation agriculture closed-loop system Clostridium thermocellum cloud point clover cmelina CNG Conversion kit co co-generation co-location Co-op Extension co-operative co-processing co-products CO2 Electrolysis CO2 neutral fuels CO2Removal Certificates (CORCs) coal Coal and Biomass to Liquid (CBTL) Coast Guard coastal habitat conservation coastal hay cobalt cock's foot coco coco methyl ester (CME) cocoa Coconut coffee coffee cherries coffee grounds coffee pulp cold flow cold-tolerance college/university Colombia Colorado combined heat and power (CHP) Comment Request commercial flights commercialization commissioning commo Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) commodity trading common reed Community activity community college Community involvement/engagement community scale Community Wood Energy Program competition compliance compliance credits compost Compressed Natural Gas (CNG/R-CNG/bioCNG) compression ratios compression-ignition engine computer simulation concrete condensate Congo Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Congressional Review Act Connecticut Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP) construction and demolition waste/debris consumer education contamination contest contrails conversion technology Cook Islands cook stoves cooking fuel cooperatives COP21 COP22 COP23 COP24 COP25 COP26 COP27 COP28 COP29 COP30 copper coppice cordgrass corn bran Corn cobs corn ethanol corn fiber corn growers corn harvest corn kernel corn meal corn oil corn oil/distillers corn oil (DCO) corn prices corn stalks corn stover corn supply corn surplus corn syrup corn-based products corn/maize Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards corporate social responsibility corrosion corruption CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) cosmetics Costa Rica cotton cotton seed hulls cotton seed oil cotton stalk cottonwood Council on Environmental Quality county cover crops cow rumen cracking Crambe crassulacean acid metabolism plants (CAM) crimes criteria pollutants Croatia crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude oil Cuba cup plant cuphea currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cusi Customs and Border Protection cutworm caterpillars cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) cylindro Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs d-5 D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D20 (20%DME) D5 (5%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA date kernel oil date palm date palm pits date palm waste Dates DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act deficit definitions deforestation defossilization Dehydration Delaware DeltaWing demonstration demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify density Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security Department of Justice Department of Labor Department of the Interior Department of Transportation (DOT) depolymerization depots dextrose dfdsffsfdfsf diatoms diesel Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) diesel fuel blendstock diesel prices Diesel R5 diesel with renewables diesel-range hydrocarbons diesel-to-biodiesel conversion diethyl ether digital Digital Biology diisobutylene (DIB) dilute acid hydrolysis pretreatment DIN 51605 DIN EN 15376 (Ethanol blending component) direct air capture direct injection direct ocean capture Direct Sugar to Hydrocarbon Conversion (DSHC) direct-to-fuel directed evolution dispense distillates distillation distilled biodiesel distilled palm methyl ester (DPME) distilleries distributed/centralized distribution distribution capacity distribution waiver diversification divestment DME/rDME (dimethyl ether)/renewable DME DMF (2.5-dimethylfuran) Dominican Republic double cropping drawdown Drones/Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) drop-in biofuels/hydrocarbons drought drought tolerant drought-resistant dry ice dual cropping dual-fuel/flex fuel ships Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E100 E100 conversion kit E11 E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E2 E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E3 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E70 diesel E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency egg shell Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric Vehicle (EV) Prices electric grid electricity electricity price electricity/power generation electricity/power transmission electrocatalysis electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels (e-fuels) electrofuels (e-fuels) prices electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) electrons Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants embargo eminent domain emissions emissions standards EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 EN 228 EN 590 EN228 (standard pump gasoline) end user end-of-life Endangered Species Act (ESA) Energy Bill energy cane energy consumption energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy prices energy reserves Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine Development engine problems Engine/Fuel Co-optimization engineering England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment environmental impact study (EIS) environmental justice/socially inclusive environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Environmentalists Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic depolymerization enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling Enzyme solicitation enzymes EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) Equatorial Guinea equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) etha ethane ethanol ethanol benefits ethanol blend wall ethanol blended diesel ED ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol emissions ethanol ether diesel fuel ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol to gas ethanol tolerance ethanol-fueled aircraft Ethanol-to-Gasoline (ETG) ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/diesel ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethyl levulinate (EL) ethylbenzene ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order executive order--state Extended Range Electric Vehicle (EREV) externalities extremophiles f F Factor F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farmers farming farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation Feedstocks fermentation ferry fertilizer fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) Fischer-Tropsch/FT fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources Forest Service forestry forklifts Formate formic acid fossil carbon fossil fuel Frace fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud free fatty acids (FFA) Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon gallium Gambia games gas prices gas tax/highway user fee gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gasoline-range hydrocarbons Gemany General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Gerrmany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) Intensity giant cane giant kelp Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect Global South global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grain sorghum/milo grain speculators grains GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery green/black economy Greenland GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala Guava Seed guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Guinea Bissau Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP gypsum h Haiti Halophytes harvest site processing harvesting Hawai'i hay hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ HDO-SAK (hydro deoxygenated synthetic aromatic kerosene) health health benefits health effects heat of combustion heat of vaporization heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) high octane low carbon (HOLC) fuel High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 HVO20 HVO30 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrid ships hybrids hydrocarbon fuels Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydroformylation hydrogen aircraft hydrogen carrier hydrogen combustion engines hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen internal combustion engines hydrogen leaks hydrogen pipeline hydrogen pumps/fueling stations hydrogen tax credit hydrogen terminal Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Price hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogenolysis hydropower Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal gasification hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois Illiois illuppai ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indian beech tree Indian grass Indiana indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial burners industrial ethanol industrial gases industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated biorefineries integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine (ICE) internal combustion engine (ICE)/gasoline engine ban International international balance of payments International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Sustainability and Carbon Certification model(ISCC) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit Invvesting ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron iron oxide IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isobutylene isomerisation isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica jamelão Japan jatobá Jatropha Jersey Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 jet B Jetfuel (Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs Joint Office of Energy and Transportation jojoba Jordan JP-10 JP-4 JP-5/NATO F-44 JP-8/NATO F-34 juniper Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kalanchoe kamani Kans grass Kansas Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati knotweed Knowledge Discovery Framework Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kulpa kusum Kuwait Kygryzstan labels labor policy Labrador lactic acid lactose Lake County lamp oil land ownership land prices land rights land subsidence land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy landfill methane Landfills landscape Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead Leadtree leaf ant Lebanon lecithin legislation Legislation-Federal Legislation-State lemna lend-lease Lesotho lesquerella leucaena levulinic acid Liberia Libya licensing lichens life cycle analysis (LCA) light rail lignin Lignin Ethanol Oil (LEO) Lignocellulosic Biofuel lignocellulosic sugars lime Lipid liquefaction liquid liquid petroleum gas (LPG) liquid transportation fuels liquidation Liquified Biogas (LBG) Liquified Biogas (LBG) pumps liquified biomethane (LBM) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logistics long-term contracts Louis Louisiana low c low carbon emissions low carbon octane standard (LCOS) Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel low sulfur fuel low sulfur marine fuel lubricants lumber mill Luxembourg lysis M100 M15 M3 M50 ma macadamia macauba Macedonia machine learning machinery macororo Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona management changes mandates mangaba manganese mango mangrove Manitoba mannose manure maple maps marginal land marine algae Marine Corps Marine Diesel Oil (MDO) Marine Fuel Oil Marine Gas Oil (MGO) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) price Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel Terminal Marine/maritime renewable fuel terminal/bunkering market forces market share marketing markets/sales Mars Marshall Islands Maryland Masdar Institute mass balance standard Massachusetts Master Limited Partnership (MLP) Mauritania Mauritius Mazda meat mechanics training medical waste MEEC membranes mergers and acquisitions mesquite methanation methane leaks methane/biomethane methanization methanol benefits methanol fuel cells methanol hybrid methanol price Methanol-to-Gasoline 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(Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed mvr Myanmar n-butanol n-butene nahar Namibia nano nano particles nanocatalysts nanocellulose nanomaterials naphtha/bionaphtha/renewable naphtha naphthene NASCAR National Academies of Science National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) National Energy Council National Environmental Policy Act National Guard National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Laboratory National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Oilheat Research Alliance National Park Service National Research Council National Science Foundation (NSF) national security National Security Council National Transportation Safety Board National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) Native American/American Indian/First Nation Tribes natural gas Natural Gas Act natural 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permitting Peru pest-tolerance pesticide-tolerance pests pet food petition petroleum pharmaceuticals phase separation Philippines phosphorus photobioreactor photoelectrocatalysis photoelectrochemical photolysis photosynthesis phragmites pigeon pea pilot pilot scale pine pine beetle pine needles pine nut pineapple Pineapple leaf pinion Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Admin (PHMSA) pipelines Pistacia chinensis PLA plant cell research plant cell walls plant oil plastic plastic-to-jet platinum Plug-in Flex Fuel Hybrid Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) plume grass Poand podcasts Poland poli Policy politics pollinators pollution pollution control polyethylene polyfuel polymer polymerization polysaccharides pomace pomegranates pongamia pongamia pinnata poplar poppy population control Portable refinery Portugal poster sessions potamogeton potassium potato poultry litter/waste power power-to-x/gas/liquid prairie grasses pre-processing precision farming/agriculture 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rice straw/paddy straw RICO (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act) RIMPAC RINs (Renewable Identification Numbers) RINs markets RINs price risk management RJ-4 RJ-6 RME (rape methyl ester) RME180 RNA (Ribonucleic acid) RNG tax credit roadmap rocket fuel Romania RON (Research Octane Number) rosin rotation crops Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials (RSB) royalties RP-1 RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber rubber seeds rumen ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Rural Renewable Energy Pilot Program rushes Russia Russian olive rutabaga Rwanda ry rye Rye grass rye straw s saccharification SAF pipeline SAF10 SAF30 SAF40 SAFc (Sustainable Aviation Fuel certificates) Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower sago pond weed SAIC sal tree Salicornia salt water salt-tolerant saltbush saltcedar Samoa Sanctions Santa Monica sardine oil Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Advisory Board (SAB) Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) Science Policy scooters Scotland scum sea level rise seaports seashore mallow seawater seaweed cultivation Seaweed/Macroalgae second-generation biofuel income tax credit Section 526 Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) seed husks seed-to-wheel Senegal Serbia sesame sewage Seychelles shale shale gas shale oil shark oil Shea sheep shellfish shipping shipping containers shipworm siam weed Sierra Leone silage silica Silphie/cup plant/Indian cup silver silver maple simarouba Singapore Singpore sisal SK slash Slovakia Slovakia/Slovak Republic Slovenia sludge Small Business Administration Small Business Innovatin Research (SBIR) Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) Program small engines small refinery exemption (SRE) smog smokestack soap soapstock Social social benefit investing social cost social value social venture Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) soi soil soil amendments 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