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EU Invests EUR 4.8B of ETS Revenues in 85 Projects

(Bioenergy International)  The European Commission has selected 85 innovative net-zero projects to receive EUR 4.8 billion in grants from the Innovation Fund, helping to put cutting-edge clean technologies into action across Europe. The 2023 call for proposals of the Innovation Fund attracted

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Wizz Air and Airbus to Launch Sustainable Aviation Fuel Fuel Trial ahead of EU Mandates

(Wizz Air)  Wizz Air, awarded as global environmentally sustainable airline group of the year by the CAPA Centre for Aviation*, today announces it will trial operations using Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) in collaboration with Airbus. This positions Wizz Air at the forefront

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F1 Partners with Aggreko to Deliver Low-Carbon Power Solutions at European Races from 2025

(Formula 1) As Formula 1 drives forward with its Net Zero by 2030 goal, it has today announced a multi-year partnership with Aggreko, a world-leading provider of temporary power solutions, to deliver innovative low-carbon energy generation systems at all European Grands

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Significant Increase in the Amount of Biofuel Produced in the Country

(Hungary Today)  Rossi Biofuel Zrt., partly owned by MOL, is now capable of producing more than 200,000 tons of biofuel per year, the Hungarian multinational oil company MOL announced. biodieselThe MOL Group is increasingly focusing on renewable fuels such as biodiesel,

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OMV Starts up Co-processing Plant at Schwechat Refinery

(OMV) Up to 160,000 metric tons of liquid biomass per year to be converted into high quality renewable diesel blending component, also be used for the newest generation of OMV’s MaxxMotion Diesel; Almost EUR 200 mn invested in OMV Schwechat refinery; OMV carbon

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First Green Hydrogen Plant Starts Trial Operation

(Hungary Today) Hungary’s first green hydrogen plant was inaugurated on Monday at the Bükkábrány Energy Park (northeastern Hungary). At the inauguration ceremony of the plant, Energy Minister Csaba Lantos stressed that the plant not only serves the fight against climate change,

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MOL Group Inaugurates Green Hydrogen Plant of the Region

(MOL Group) MOL produces 1600 tonnes of green hydrogen per year using electricity from renewable sources; The plant will reduce carbon dioxide emissions of the Danube Refinery by 25 000 tonnes; With the introduction of this technology, MOL Group has taken an important

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Bears, Cars and Angry Farmers Fuel Green Backlash

by Karl Mathiesen, Nicolas Camut, Zia Weise, Charlie Cooper and Louise Guillot (Politico) A 28-country guide to how climate policies are splitting Europe. -- And Green parties are taking the hit — polling shows they will face deep electoral pain when EU citizens

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Mabanaft and TUI Cruises Sign MoU for the Supply of Methanol

(Mabanaft) Hamburg-based energy company Mabanaft has signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with TUI Cruises, one of the leading cruise operators, to supply green methanol in the future. The cooperation between Mabanaft and TUI Cruises kicks off with a methanol delivery

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Croatia's INA to Build 40 Mln Euro Biogas Plant

by Annie Tsoneva (See News)  Croatian oil and gas company INA [ZSE:INA] said on Monday it plans to invest some 40 million euro ($46 million) in a biogas/biomethane plant using agricultural waste as it seeks to transform the Sisak industrial zone

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Wizz Air Wins Global Sustainability Award of the Year

(MTI Hungary Today) Wizz Air has been awarded Global Environmental Sustainability Airline of the Year for the second consecutive time at the Center for Aviation (CAPA) Asia Aviation Summit in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. “Wizz Air has been recognized for its unwavering commitment to sustainability,”

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New Study Questions Accuracy of EU’s Biofuel Impact Assessments

by Sean Goulding Carroll (EURACTIV.com)  Skewed data was used to determine the impact of the EU’s renewable energy directive, a scientific paper has claimed, raising questions about the model and process employed by the European Commission to assess policy options for

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EU Renewable Ethanol Sector Produced More Food than Fuel in 2022

by Charles O'Donnell (Agriland) The EU renewable ethanol sector produced more food and animal feed than fuel in 2022, according to the European Renewable Ethanol Association (ePURE). According to ePURE’s audited data, its members produced 5.9 million tonnes of food and feed

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The Promise and Controversy of Bamboo Biofuels

by  Haley Zaremba (OilPrice.com) A new paper from GCB Bioenergy suggests that bamboo, being a fast-growing plant that absorbs carbon dioxide, could be a promising source for biofuels such as bioethanol and biochar; Critics argue that even if biofuels have an efficient production

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Eight European Countries Block Ambitious Euro 7 Emissions Plan

by Peter Holderith (The Drive) ... The extremely stringent Euro 7 emissions regulations could be blocked in the European Union after it was announced Monday that eight countries signed a letter objecting to the legislation's passage. These countries constitute a large

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MOL and Wizz Air Commercially Test Sustainable Aviation Fuel Supply at Budapest Airport

(Wizz Air) Three Wizz Air flights took off from Budapest Airport with 37% blend of Neste MY Sustainable Aviation Fuel™produced from renewable waste and residue raw materials supplied by MOL MOL, in cooperation with Neste, Budapest Airport, RÜK (Airport Fuel Supply Kft.) and Wizz Air,

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Italy, German Officials Lean against EU Target on Combustion Engines

(SursaZilei.RO) Germany and Italy threatened to block an European Union plan that would have effectively banned new combustion-engine vehicles after 2035 unless the bloc’s executive comes up with a promised proposal to exempt cars that use climate-neutral synthetic fuels, according to Bloomberg. Poland and Hungary have also

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Nine EU Countries Want Low-Carbon Hydrogen Included in Bloc’s Renewables Goals

by Paul Messad (EURACTIV France)  Nine EU member states, including France, have called on the European Commission to include low-carbon hydrogen – produced from nuclear electricity – in the EU’s renewable hydrogen targets. France, Romania, Bulgaria, Poland, Slovenia, Croatia, Slovakia, Hungary

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Hot Spots: The 50 Hottest Project Development & Deployment Spots in the Advanced Bioeconomy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Here are the 50 Hottest Project Development & Deployment Spots in the Advanced Bioeconomy for 2022, as selected by the Digest’s editors. READ MORE

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Nationwide Residential Used Cooking Oil Collection Program Underway in Hungary

by Ron Kotrba (Biobased Diesel Daily) Shell Hungary, Alteo Group and Biotrans are beginning a nationwide residential used cooking oil collection program across Hungary.  Out of the 193 members of Shell’s network in Hungary, it is now possible to drop off used

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Berlin Pushes for a €60 Minimum Price on EU Carbon Markets

by Nikolaus J. Kurmayer (EURACTIV.com) Discounting allegations of speculation on the EU carbon market, Berlin is throwing its weight behind a minimum price of €60 per tonne of CO2, saying it will ensure this through national measures if the EU does

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Hungary's Mol to Produce Green H2 at Danube Refinery

(Renewables Now) Hungarian oil-and-gas group Mol Plc (BPSE:MOL) has teamed up with US hydrogen solutions specialist Plug Power Inc (NASDAQ:PLUG) to build a EUR-22-million (USD 23.2m) green hydrogen production facility at its Danube refinery in Szazhalombatta, Hungary. In a joint statement today,

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Biodiesel Refinery Celebrates Expansion that Makes It Largest of Its Kind in Western U.S.

by John Cox (Bakersfield.com)  A clean-energy project two years and more than $40 million in the making got a proper christening Thursday as Denver-based Crimson Renewable Energy Holdings LLC celebrated an expansion that cements its position as the largest producer

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Call to Remove Food Crops from European Biofuels

by Aisling O'Brien (Agriland) Removing wheat from the production of biofuels in Europe would offset over 20% of the collapsed Ukrainian supplies, according to a campaign group. A study by Transport and Environment (T&E) has shown that 10,000 tonnes of wheat – the equivalent

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Rossi Biofuel and MOL Group Build a Unique Biodiesel Plant in Europe in Komárom

(MOL Group (Google Translation)) Annual biodiesel capacity of 50,000 tons; State-of-the-art technology unique in Europe; 85 percent greenhouse gas savings over conventional fuels; The investment is in line with MOL Group's SHAPE TOMORROW 2030+ corporate strategy Rossi Biofuel's new plant in

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15 Mgy Biodiesel Plant Using BDI’s RepCat Technology Comes Online in Hungary

by Ron Kotrba (Biobased Diesel Daily)  Rossi Biofuel, a 25/75 joint venture between MOL Group and Envien Group, cut the ribbon for its new biodiesel plant in Komárom, Hungary, March 11. The facility, sized at 15 million gallons per year

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Advanced Biofuels USA Begins TikTok Series of Videos Showing Examples of How to Mitigate Climate Change

by Joanne Ivancic (Advanced Biofuels USA)  Volunteers with Advanced Biofuels USA are responding to the demands from young students and TikTok posters to tell them what is being done to mitigate climate change; to recognize that they know the doom

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Commission Aims to Decarbonise Transport by Equally Taxing Fossil and Crop-Based Biofuels

by Sarantis Michalopoulos (EURACTIV.com) Decarbonising Europe’s transport has always been a tough equation for EU policymakers. However, the puzzle is expected to become even more complex as the European Commission is considering taxing fossil fuels and crop-based biofuels at the same

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Pharma-Grade Ethanol: Thinking beyond Fuel-Grade Ethanol

by Ghanshyam Deshpande  (Praj Industries/Biofuels Digest) ... In fact, there have been global shortages due to the huge demand and supply gap of pharma grade ethanol since the pandemic. To meet the demand posed by the pandemic, distilleries (ethanol plants) rose

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Brussels Airport’s Stargate Project for Greener Aviation Officially Launched

(Brussels Airport) Brussels Airport’s Stargate project, which has received a grant within the European Green deal, has been officially launched. In the next five years, Brussels Airport will be working with a consortium of 21 partners on some 30 concrete projects

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Giving up on Climate Change? EU Says No Way – Invests $140M in Decarbonizing Projects

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest)  ... The good news is for the first time since the creation of the Innovation Fund, the EU’s latest investment of €118 million (about $140 million) into 32 small innovative projects located in 14 EU Member

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France Pushes Back on EU Proposal for New Carbon Market

by Samy Adghirni, Ania Nussbaum, and Ewa Krukowska (Bloomberg)  Several EU nations worried about idea at ministerial meeting; New carbon market is key part of plan to meet climate targets  -- France is pushing back against the European Union’s proposal to

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CCUS Projects in Europe

(International Association of Oil and Gas Producers)  Map and overview of existing and planned CCUS facilities in the European Union and UK.  READ MORE

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Transport Energy & Renewables in the EU – What the Latest Commission Data Tells Us

by James Cogan (Ethanol Europe/Biofuels Digest) ... Oil maintains an overwhelming grip on the sector with a steady 94% share. The rest is biofuels with 5.6% and renewable electricity with 0.6%. Three quarters of the extra energy demand over the

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MOL Group Starts Innovative Biofuel Production

(TradeArabia News Service)  Following several years of research and development MOL has stepped up the value chain and has become a biofuel producer, through the realisation of an investment in the Danube Refinery.  Bio feedstock will be co-processed together with fossil materials

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BASF Partner with New Energy for Uptake of Pyrolysis Oil Derived from Waste Tires.

by Luke Upton (BioMarket Insights) BASF has signed an uptake supply agreement with the Hungary based New Energy, a technology company specialized in the pyrolysis of waste tires. According to the agreement, New Energy will supply BASF with up to 4,000

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Sunflower Production Slows in Romania but the EU Sees Overall Output Rise

(Biofuels International)  Romanian sunflower production in the EU-27 is expected to decline compared to the previous year, but the EU Commission projects an increase in overall output in the EU. The high oil content of sunflower seed, often over 40%, makes

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Irish-Owned Ethanol Group Records 143% Rise in Profit in 2019

by Sylvester Phelan (AgriLand) Irish-owned ClonBio Group recorded a 143% increase in profit before tax in 2019, increasing from €39 million in 2018 to €95 million in 2019. Turnover in the period increased 26% to €361 million. The group’s primary asset is

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V4+ Countries Warn of Ulterior Motives for Seeking Biofuel Blending Cuts in Eastern Europe

by Meghan Sapp (Biofuels Digest)  In Hungary, although the European Union committed to phase out subsidies for fossil fuels by 2020, one spectacular last subsidy is now in the works in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). Biofuel producers from the

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Are Biofuels Part of the Carbon Emissions Solution?

by Neil Briscoe (Irish Times)  ... “Ireland has one million petrol vehicles,” James Cogan, Ethanol Europe’s industry and policy adviser told The Irish Times. “E10 allows that fleet to cut emissions by an amount equivalent to taking 50,000 cars off the road. Or

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EU’s Increased Demand for Higher Ethanol Blend Could Be Met, Study Shows

(ePURE)  More countries could adopt higher ethanol fuel blends to reduce transport emissions, improve air quality and boost engine performance – without exceeding the existing cap on crop-based biofuels  -- Europe’s need for better-performing, low-carbon fuels to reduce emissions from existing

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NuSeed Acquires Agrisoma Carinata Assets

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Louisiana, longtime industry executive Glenn Johnston said that NuSeed has acquired the carinata assets of Canadian agricultural pioneer Agrisoma. Johnston was speaking at the IATA Sustainable Aviation Fuels Symposium in New Orleans and confirmed that five

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Feedstock Supply Chains & Clariant’s Experience in Romania

by Paolo Corvo (Clariant/Biofuels Digest)  ... The success of making use of that sustainable biomass resource and a rapid uptake of bioenergy technologies relies on many factors. One of it is the cost of feedstock, which is directly dependent on the

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BIOPLAT-EU Project: The Second Project Meeting in Kyiv, Ukraine

(Bioenergy Association of Ukraine) SEC Biomass experts Tetiana Zheliezna, Oleksandra Tryboi and Olha Haidai took part in the second BIOPLAT-EU (Promoting Sustainable Use of Underutilized Lands for Bioenergy Production through a Web-Based Platform for Europe) project meeting that was held in

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Alcohol School: The Case for Fractionation

by Lisa Gibson (Ethanol Producer Magazine) Vijay Singh, professor in Agricultural and Biological Engineering at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, told his Alcohol School audience Sept. 12 that he was going to “make the case for fractionation.” The conventional

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Ethanol Doing the Heavy Lifting in Transport Climate Action

by James Cogan (Ethanol Europe/Climate Change News)  New E5, E10 and B7 labels recently appeared on petrol and diesel nozzles across Europe with hardly a mention. Behind them is the intriguing story of one of the world’s major efforts to stave off climate

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Biodiesel By-Product Helps Fuel Come Clean

(King Abdullah University of Science and Technology/Phys.org)  ... This work on glycerol carbonate also supports Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 initiative, which aims to diversify the Kingdom's economy from its current reliance on the oil industry. (Binod) Giri explains that this research

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As Petroleum Prices, Demand Soars, US, EU Dither on Biofuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) ... US gasoline prices are at a three-year high, says CNBC. This time, the response has been to dither on biofuels and to point to reasonably dismal sales of EVs as evidence that an electrics solution is on

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‘Greenwashed Oil’ Set to Win from Renewable Transport Targets, Biofuel Industry Claims

by Paola Tamma (EurActiv) Biofuel producers in the Visegrad countries plus Lithuania and Bulgaria have warned that a phase-out of biofuels will lead to a phase-in of ‘greenwashed’ fossil fuels under the Renewable Energy Directive (RED), as it currently stands in

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Ethanol Producers Work with UN to Accelerate Shift to Low Carbon

(Ethanol Europe Renewables, Ltd./EurActiv)  EERL partners with UN Climate Change for COP 23  --  Ahead of the UN Climate Conference in Bonn (COP 23, 6-17 November), Ethanol Europe Renewables Ltd (EERL) and UN Climate Change have partnered to boost the deployment of

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Biofuels International 2017 Conference in Edinburgh - A Peek into EU’s Biofuel Industry and Policy Outlook

by Aino Siirala* (Advanced Biofuels USA)  The 10th Biofuels International Conference and Expo took place in Edinburgh this year. The conference was co-located with Bioenergy Insight 2017 conference which gave the participants an opportunity to attend both events at the

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Visegrad and Balkans Hit out at Commission over Biofuels Phase-Out Proposal

by Sarantis Michalopoulos  (Euractiv)  The Visegrad group and two Balkan countries signed a joint declaration urging the European Commission to reconsider its proposal to gradually phase out first generation biofuels after 2020 and think about the consequences. ... On the other hand, the

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Ethanol Industry Expert: Biofuels Tug-of-War Is an EU Invention

by  Sarantis Michalopoulos (EurActiv)  The conflict between second and first generation biofuels – depicted as good and bad for the environment – only exists in Brussels. In fact, it’s the brainchild of the European Commission, Eric Sievers told EURACTIV.com. Eric Sievers

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EU Biofuels Policy: What Is the Impact on Rural Development?

by Sarantis Michalopoulos (EurActiv)   EU farmers are “very concerned” about the impact of the European Commission’s change of heart on biofuels, claiming the EU’s restrictive policy is putting thousands of rural jobs at risk. Yet, the EU executive defended its proposed

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The EU’s Sweet 16: 16 of the Most Fascinating Projects under Development and in Deployment in Europe

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Europe is often thought of as a dead-end for biofuels, owing to a thorny debate over fuel mandates, and agricultural protection. But it’s a reputation entirely undeserved; some of the most fascinating projects are there. In

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Hungarian Company to Build Biogas and Ethanol Plant in Nigeria

(Bioenergy Insight)  The Ahmadu Bello University (ABU) in Zaria, Nigeria, has entered into an agreement with Hungarian Agrar-Biothanol to produce fertiliser and ethanol in addition to electricity. The facility will produce 1,333 tonnes of liquid organic fertiliser and 2.66 million litres

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Ethanol Europe Deem Low-Emission Mobility Strategy Damaging to Production

by George Griffiths (Platts)  The European Commission's Low-Emission Mobility Strategy would lead to the "permanent loss of 133,000 rural jobs supported by the ethanol industry," Mark Turley, CEO of Ethanol Europe, said Wednesday. Speaking at the Agro-Inno Show in Budapest, Turley criticized

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Inexpensive Semiconducting Organic Polymers Can Harvest Sunlight to Split Carbon Dioxide into Alcohol Fuels

by Louisa Kellie  (Phys.Org)  Chemists at The University of Texas at Arlington have been the first to demonstrate that an organic semiconductor polymer called polyaniline is a promising photocathode material for the conversion of carbon dioxide into alcohol fuels without

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From Up North to Down Under With DDGS

by Kassidi Andres (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Mike Bryan is introducing Australia to a DDGS-based feed product made by a company headquartered in North Dakota, where his ethanol career began.   --  ... Today, living on the east coast of Australia in

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Partner Collaborations Advance Second-Generation Elevance Biorefinery Technology

(Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc.)  In collaboration with several partners, including the special contribution of Versalis under a strategic partnership started in early 2014, Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. — a high-growth company that creates novel specialty chemicals from natural oils —

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11 Top Low-Carbon Fuel Players, WCSBD Publish COP 21 Guide to Slashing Transport-Based Greenhouse Gas Emissions

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) In Switzerland, 11 leading low carbon fuel companies present a comprehensive guide that identifies a variety of available and accessible low carbon fuel solutions. ... Today, only 3% of transportation fuels are low carbon. According to the International

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What a Difference a Year Makes for European Ethanol

by Caroline Knight (Platts The Barrel)  The European ethanol community gathered in Budapest over the first week of November to look at the current challenges and opportunities facing the ethanol, and wider biofuels, markets. As the dust settles and the excitement

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Ethanol Reduces Emissions: Clean Fuels Development Coalition

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Hungary, Clean Fuels Development Coalition Executive Director Douglas Durante said as a way for ethanol to find value beyond limitations of government imposed limits, both in the EU and the U.S., the focus should be on providing

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Special China Report: 10 Top Advanced Bioeconomy Stories in China and Taiwan

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The 10 Biggest Advanced Bioeconomy stories of the year we reported from the world’s second-biggest economic region. 1. DuPont, New Tianlong Industry Co. ink Cellulosic Ethanol pact; China’s first Advanced Renewable Fuel Project on the way In

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China New Energy Making Progress on Hungarian and Thai Ethanol Projects

by Isabel Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In the UK, China New Energy reports that its projects in Hungary and Thailand are proceeding well. Visontai Bioetanol Fejlesztő Korlátolt Felelősségű Társaság has informed CNE that the 30 million Euro project finance has been

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Making Indirect Land Use Change Go Away

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  As the specter of falling oil prices spooks the sector, here’s good news from the Land of ILUC — a shocker study pointing a way towards mitigating or eliminating that infamous scourge of carbon-scoring for

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DuPont, Ethanol Europe Renewables Ink Pact for Cellulosic Ethanol in Macedonia

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Macedonian government joins as signatory for MOU. 100 million liter cellulosic refinery could start construction in 2016. ... (N)ews arrives from Skopje, Macedonia that the Republic of Macedonia today joined a MOU to facilitate the development of

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New Council of International Biotech Associations Formed

(Biotechnology Industry Organization)  An international confederation of biotechnology trade associations announced today the ratification of bylaws creating the International Council of Biotechnology Associations (ICBA), with the expressed purpose of advocating for public policies that support the growth of the innovative

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V4 Agriculture Group Urge EU Support for Biofuel

by MTI  (Politics.HU)  The agricultural chambers of the Visegrad Four countries called on European decision-makers to support sustainable, crop-based biofuels, at a meeting of their leaders in Szekszard in southern Hungary on Monday. The V4 group of the Czech Republic, Hungary,

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Ministers Block EU Proposal to Limit Some Biofuels

(EurActiv)  Several European ministers are blocking the EU’s proposal to curb the use of conventional biofuels, while some dispute claims the demand for crop-based oils drives deforestation and food insecurity in other parts of the world. A majority of EU environment

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Central European Initiative Ministerial Meeting on Science and Technology and Biofuels Conference Pave the Way for Promoting a Bio-based Economy in CEI Region

(Central European Initiative)  Ministers of Science and their representatives from 18 CEI Member States, together with High Officials from the European Commission and from international scientific institutions attended the CEI Ministerial Meeting on Science and Technology in Trieste on 19 September 2012.

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Vertis Signed up as Agent for BioMCN in Central Europe

(BioMCN)  Environmental commodity broker Vertis Environmental Finance have signed an agency agreement with BioMCN for the representation and sales of bio-methanol in Central Europe. BioMCN is the largest 2nd generation biofuels producer in the world, producing high quality bio-methanol from

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Hungary to Double Biofuel Use by 2020

(Argus Media)  Hungary is planning to increase the share of biofuels in the total energy use of its transportation sector from 4pc in 2009 to 10pc in 2020 and 15pc in 2030, according to the first draft of the country's

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Hungary's MOL To Make Fuel From Used Cooking Oil

(XPatLoop.com)  "MOL will from mid-May collect waste cooking oil at its 100 petrol stations and make bio-fuel from it,” spokeswoman Andrea Pánczél announced. The cooking oil will be processed by Rossi Biofuel’s unit in Komárom.  READ MORE

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emissions carbon fiber carbon insets Carbon Intensity (CI)/Carbon Footprint carbon life cycle carbon markets Carbon Monoxide (CO) carbon negative carbon neutrality carbon offsets carbon pipeline carbon price carbon recycling carbon removal carbon sink carbon standard carbon tax Carbon tax border adjustments carbon tax-and-dividend carbon terminal carbon user fee Carbon Utilization and Biogas Education Program carbon-14 testing carbon-efficient fuels carbon/CO2 sequestration carcinogens cardoon Caribbean carinata carinata/brassica carinata carob CAS Registry cashew cashew apple Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) CASI Cassava cassava price cassava pulp cassava stalk castor bean castor stalk catalysis catalysts catalytic decarboxylation catalytic hydrothermal conversion catalytic hydrothermal conversion-to-jet (CHCJ) catalytic hydrothermal gasification catalytic hydrothermolysis jet CHJ pathway cattails cattle cavitation CBD (cannabidiol) CBG (compressed biogas) cell culturing cellulase 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point clover cmelina CNG Conversion kit co co-generation co-location Co-op Extension co-operative co-processing co-products CO2 Electrolysis CO2 neutral fuels CO2Removal Certificates (CORCs) coal Coal and Biomass to Liquid (CBTL) Coast Guard coastal habitat conservation coastal hay cobalt cock's foot coco coco methyl ester (CME) cocoa Coconut coffee coffee cherries coffee grounds coffee pulp cold flow cold-tolerance college/university Colombia Colorado combined heat and power (CHP) Comment Request commercial flights commercialization commissioning commo Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) commodity trading common reed Community activity community college Community involvement/engagement community scale Community Wood Energy Program competition compliance compliance credits compost Compressed Natural Gas (CNG/R-CNG/bioCNG) compression ratios compression-ignition engine computer simulation concrete condensate Congo Congressional Budget Office 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drought drought tolerant drought-resistant dry ice dual cropping Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E100 E100 conversion kit E11 E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E2 E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E3 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E70 diesel E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency egg shell Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric 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