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Biofuels Update in Ohio

by Matt Reese, Dale Minyo and Dusty Sonnenberg (Ohio's Country Journal)  ... In 2024, Ohio is celebrating 16 years of in-state, large scale ethanol production. “The appropriate thing to do is to celebrate 16 years because that 16th birthday is when

June 06, 2024 Read Full Article

Celebrating International Biodiesel and Biofuel Day! August 10, 2022

Celebrate International Biodiesel Day by learning more about this remarkable renewable fuel.  Click here. Check out this webinar:  https://advancedbiofuelsusa.info/celebrating-international-biodiesel-day-august-10-2022-online/   Learn how a 100% biodiesel school bus compares to an electric one:  Case Study of Proposal for 100% Biodiesel School Buses by Ahmed Abdellah* (Advanced

August 04, 2022 Read Full Article

AGQM Releases Latest Biodiesel Quality Report

(AGQM/Biobased Diesel Daily) Germany’s Biodiesel Quality Management Association (AGQM) has just published its Biodiesel Quality Report 2020, which demonstrates that biodiesel from Germany and Austria is of the highest quality. Since 2010, AGQM has published the annual Biodiesel Quality Report on

June 09, 2021 Read Full Article

Proof of Quality: A New Biodiesel Fuel Quality Report by National Renewable Energy Laboratory

by Ron Kotrba (Biodiesel Magazine)  A new biodiesel fuel quality report by National Renewable Energy Laboratory surveying U.S. and Canadian BQ-9000 producers suggests the North American biodiesel industry has learned the lessons of its past.  -- U.S. biodiesel fuel quality has

July 10, 2020 Read Full Article

Neutral Fuels Is the First Company to Achieve ESMA Biofuel Certification

(Neutral Fuels) Neutral Fuels has become the first biofuel company to successfully attain certification under the UAE’s new Emirates Authority for Standardization and Metrology (ESMA) biodiesel quality standard. The ESMA certification indicates that Neutral Fuels and its products and services satisfy the

April 14, 2020 Read Full Article

Diesel’s Fuel Quality Imperative: Advancements in Diesel Engine Technology Require a Critical Look at Diesel Fuel Quality Issues.

by Ron Kotrba (Biodiesel Magazine)  The pressure at which  diesel fuel is injected into combustion chambers directly affects combustion efficiency, performance, fuel mileage and emissions. High pressure common rail fuel injection systems are not new to diesel engine technology, but tightening

July 22, 2019 Read Full Article

Minn. Celebrates 17 Years Since Biodiesel Mandate Was Enacted

by Ron Kotrba (Biodiesel Magazine)  March 15, 2002, was a landmark day for biodiesel. Seventeen years ago, Minnesota enacted the nation’s first biodiesel mandate, which went into effect in 2005. The trailblazing blend requirement started at 2 percent and was bumped

March 20, 2019 Read Full Article

The Perpetually Expanding Veteran Startup: Armed with a Scrappy, Do-It-Yourself Attitude, New Leaf Biofuel’s Success Is a Testament to Its—and the Biodiesel Industry’s—Perseverance.

by Ron Kotrba (Biodiesel Magazine)  ... One major difference, however, is that this vertically integrated biodiesel company has Jennifer Case at the helm. Case, co-founder, co-owner and CEO of the 5 MMgy New Leaf Biofuel, is a Pepperdine University School of

January 04, 2019 Read Full Article

Paraguay to Launch B2 Mandate on January 1

by Meghan Sapp (Biofuels Digest) In Paraguay, local press reports that biodiesel blending of 2% will be mandatory as of January 1 in an effort to try to promote a local industry. Already ethanol is blended at between 25% and 27%, depending

December 27, 2018 Read Full Article

NATSO Alternative Fuels Council Prioritizes Biodiesel Fuel Quality

by Jeff Hove (Biodiesel Magazine/Alternative Fuels Council) Alternative fuels such as biodiesel represent an important growth opportunity for fuel marketers nationwide. But for many fuel retailers, myriad state and federal regulations and incentives for alternative fuels can be complex and overwhelming. 

August 28, 2018 Read Full Article

Fuel Quality Focus

by Ron Kotrba (Biodiesl Magazine)  Biodiesel Magazine spotlights three companies—an adsorbent manufacturer, a quality assurance firm and an additive maker—whose disparate fields converge on biodiesel to help ensure quality fuel in the marketplace.  --  The Dallas Group The Dallas Group of America Inc.

August 28, 2018 Read Full Article

NATSO Launches Alternative Fuels Council

(NATSO)  NATSO Inc. on June 12 launched a new business venture known as the Alternative Fuels Council (NATSOAltFuels.com) to help fuel retailers leverage the resources necessary to learn about and incorporate alternative fuels into their supply offerings. The Alternative Fuels Council will

June 20, 2018 Read Full Article

New Report Shows Germany's Biodiesel Quality Continues to Improve

by Ron Kotrba (Biodiesel Magazine)  Germany’s biodiesel quality management association, AGQM, has released its 2017 quality report from the sampling of biodiesel producers and warehouse operators throughout the country last year in three sampling campaigns. According to the organization, 53 samples

May 10, 2018 Read Full Article

JRC Released New Certified Reference Materials for Automotive Diesel Fuel Testing

(EU Science Hub)  The JRC released two new Certified Reference Materials (CRMs) for automotive diesel fuel containing 7 % biodiesel, so-called 'diesel (B7)'. These CRMs will support fuel producers and fuel testing laboratories in assuring the quality of their measurements, thus improving

March 23, 2018 Read Full Article

Australia’s Productivity Commission Says Biofuels a Bad Deal All Around

by Meghan Sapp (Biofuels Digest)  In Australia, the federal government’s economic advisor—The Productivity Commission—has called on New South Wales, Queensland and commonwealth governments to drop biofuel blending, saying the polices unnecessarily increase fuel prices for consumers. It also dismissed out

March 29, 2017 Read Full Article

Controversial B10 Biodiesel Hits Snag

by Yamin Vong (The Sun Daily)  A proposal to push through a controversial B10 bio-diesel next month hits more snags, much to the relief of car and oil companies that want validated testing of the palm-oil based fuel. Firstly, the proposed B10

September 22, 2016 Read Full Article

Biodiesel from the Right Sources Can Burn More Cleanly than Regular Diesel: Report

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In California, the Mineta National Transit Research Consortium at San José State University released a study on the generation of various pollutants during low-temperature combustion (LTC) of several types of biodiesel in comparison to ultra-low sulfur

August 30, 2016 Read Full Article

Latest Diesel Quality Trends Revealed in Biennial Survey

(Infineum International Ltd./Biodiesel Magazine)  Infineum has revealed the initial results from its latest biennial global Winter Diesel Fuel Quality Survey, offering a unique update on the current trends in the industry across the global marketplace. The Infineum survey collected samples from

April 28, 2016 Read Full Article

AGQM, FAM Invite Participants in Biodiesel Round Robin Testing

(AGQM/Biodiesel Magazine)  ... The analysis of components and the final product forms a major part of the quality assurance of fuels. Therefore, reliable monitoring and testing of the product properties of biodiesel and rapeseed oil fuel is an essential aspect

April 06, 2016 Read Full Article

The Downside of Biodiesel Fuel

(Norwegian University of Science and Technology/Phys.Org)  The oil industry believes biodiesel is not to blame for problems that Norwegian car owners are experiencing. But the nature of the fuel means that it has to be handled differently than regular petroleum-based

May 05, 2015 Read Full Article

US Biodiesel Supply Kings

by Ron Kotrba (Biodiesel Magazine)  Biodiesel Magazine speaks with three leaders in the U.S. biodiesel distribution space about the growth and opportunities in biodiesel distribution, and the challenges that lie ahead. The marked increase in U.S. biodiesel production over the past

August 05, 2014 Read Full Article

Embrapa Agroenergia Will Monitor Quality of Biodiesel

(Channel: The Journal of Bioenergy)  In partnership with several institutions to develop a Agroenergia Embrapa study the proposal to monitor the entire production chain of biodiesel and identify issues that may affect the quality of the product. The objective is met

July 11, 2014 Read Full Article

Voluntary BQ-9000 Programs Pay Off for Participants, Industry

(National Biodiesel Board/Biodiesel Magazine) When U.S. biodiesel production began to take off back in 2005, the fledgling industry quickly became familiar with fuel quality issues and concerns. The BQ-9000 quality assurance programs have since been a major contributor to the now

June 17, 2014 Read Full Article

Biodiesel Separation, Washing and Polishing: Upstream and Downstream Considerations

by Ron Kotrba (Biodiesel Magazine) Several methods to cleanse and polish biodiesel are utilized, but the story on how well these work begins upstream. Therefore, the cost-effectiveness of biodiesel purification methods should be evaluated based on composition of upstream product.  READ

March 06, 2014 Read Full Article

ASTM Efforts Provide Backbone for OEM Biodiesel Support

(National Biodiesel Board/Biodiesel Magazine)  ... Over the past two years, both with biodiesel production exceeding 1 billion gallons, problems from the field have been no more than those of conventional petrodiesel alone—maybe even less. All the research, testing and specification work

August 29, 2013 Read Full Article

Biodiesel's Quality Evolution

by Ron Kotrba (Biodiesel Magazine)  ...Biodiesel emerged on the U.S. alternative fuels radar in the early 1990s, and for the next decade it slowly gained recognition as a real-world, here-and-now replacement for diesel fuel before its first ASTM specification, D6751,

August 29, 2013 Read Full Article

(Philippine) DOE Proposes Changes in Biodiesel Blend

by Iris C. Gonzales (The Philippine Star)   The Department of Energy (DOE) has proposed revisions in the required coco-methyl ester specification or biodiesel blend for oul companies. ... “This is also to harmonize international and regional environment standards for fuel quality. The

August 08, 2013 Read Full Article

NREL Survey Shows Dramatic Improvement in B100 Biodiesel Quality

(National Renewable Energy Laboratory)  The latest national survey of 100% biodiesel (B100) "blend stock" samples by the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) found that 95% of the samples from 2011-12 met ASTM International fuel quality specifications.

May 07, 2013 Read Full Article

11 Reasons Why You Should Invest in the Biodiesel Industry

by Ron Kotrba (Biodiesel Magazine/MarketWire)  Below is breakdown of the latest, sourced information as to why investment in biodiesel is a sound decision written by Ron Kotrba, Editor of Biodiesel Magazine. 1. Jump in on a growing market: The U.S. biodiesel industry

March 29, 2013 Read Full Article

Positive Results from Long-Term Stability Study

by Ron Kotrba (Biodiesel Magazine)  National Renewable Energy Laboratory chemist Earl Christensen presented preliminary results from an ongoing B100 and biodiesel blends stability study at the National Biodiesel Conference & Expo in Las Vegas Feb. 4-7. The study was commissioned

March 14, 2013 Read Full Article

Latest NREL Quality Survey Shows 97 Percent on Spec

by Ron Kotrba (Biodiesel Magazine) Teresa Alleman, a senior chemist at National Renewable Energy Laboratory, shared the latest biodiesel fuel quality survey results at the National Biodiesel Conference & Expo in Las Vegas Feb. 4-7. NREL obtained B100 samples from 53

March 14, 2013 Read Full Article

The Many Faces of Distillation

by Ron Kotrba (Biodiesel Magazine)  Since 2004, there have been 15 modifications to ASTM D6751, the biodiesel quality specification, according to Teresa Alleman, senior chemist at National Renewable Energy Labs in Golden, Colo., providing evidence for the assertion that the

March 14, 2013 Read Full Article

Survey Says: Soladiesel Algae Fuel Is a Monster Hit in Propel Fuels Retail Trial

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Sales increase 35 percent at participating test sites — and survey results reveal driver preference for algae-based Soladiesel over conventional fuels. In California, Propel Fuels and Solazyme announced that sales grew by 35 percent at Propel

March 06, 2013 Read Full Article

What’s So Different about Biodiesel Fuel?

by Daniel Ciolkosz  (Pennsylvania State University)  ...The sizes of the molecules in biodiesel and petroleum diesel are about the same, but they differ in chemical structure. Biodiesel molecules consist almost entirely of chemicals called fatty acid methyl esters (FAME), which

March 01, 2013 Read Full Article

Latest Biodiesel Quality Results Show a Record 97 Percent on Spec

by Ron Kotrba (Biodiesel Magazine)  Teresa Alleman, a senior chemist with the fuels performance group at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory in Golden, Colo., shared the latest biodiesel fuel quality survey results with attendees at the National Biodiesel Conference &

February 10, 2013 Read Full Article

Biodiesel Industry Celebrates 20th Birthday in Las Vegas; Lives to Fight Again

by Joanne Ivancic (Advanced Biofuels USA)  The National Biodiesel Board celebrated its 20th anniversary in the wild west of Las Vegas, Nevada, with video and live reflections from the pioneers in the industry. Awards and Battles Awards to current industry leaders included

February 07, 2013 Read Full Article

FAME Is Not (necessarily) the Answer

by Pamela Serino (Defense Logistics Agency Energy/Biofuels Digest)  ...A mandate in all countries to go to ULSD marine fuel would be my first step to cleaner fuels and lower emissions as many nations still burn very high sulfur fuels (1000-5000

February 02, 2013 Read Full Article

Tree Seeds Offer Potential for Sustainable Biofuels

(Phys.Org)  Tree seeds, rather than biomass or fuel crop plants, could represent an abundant source of renewable energy, according to research published in the International Journal of Automotive Technology and Management. The study suggests that seeds from the Indian mahua

January 18, 2013 Read Full Article

Integration of Biodiesel RIN Verification in the BQ-9000 Program

by Pete Moss (Biodiesel Magazine)  BQ-9000 is the gold standard for quality control in the biodiesel industry. The accreditation program was developed by the National Biodiesel Board to ensure better quality in a rapidly growing market. A study completed in

October 03, 2012 Read Full Article

Audi, Joule Ink Partnership, as Joule Heads for Scale with $1.28 per Gallon Advanced Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Joule continues to move out of stealth and into the light with its transformative Sunflow-E and Sunflow-D fuels, made biologically from waste CO2, sunlight and saline water with no intervening biomass step.  Now, Audi joins

September 17, 2012 Read Full Article

OEM Support for B20 Reaches All-Time High

(National Biodiesel Board/Biodiesel Magazine)  2012 is proving to be another big year for biodiesel in a number of ways, but possibly one of the most exciting areas of growth has been the number of original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) supporting the

September 13, 2012 Read Full Article

Solving a Great Biodiesel Mystery

by Ron Kotrba (Biodiesel Magazine) The best researchers scratch their heads at rare, isolated cases of storage tank filter clogging with biodiesel blends The introduction of ultra-low sulfur fuel for on-road diesel in 2006-’07 brought unexpected consequences for biodiesel blending. Refiners began

September 13, 2012 Read Full Article

Truckers Not on Board with Biodiesel Increase

by Martin Cash (Brandon Sun)   Province planning diesel-blend hike Manitoba's trucking industry is far from pumped over the possibility the province may increase the biodiesel mandate to five per cent. Since early 2010, all diesel fuel sold in Manitoba must have an

July 31, 2012 Read Full Article

Piedmont Proves Out Liquid Enzyme Catalysis

by Ron Kotrba (Biodiesel Magazine)  Small North Carolina producer continues to innovate The founder of Pittsboro, N.C.-based Piedmont Biofuels, Rachel Burton, gave details at the 2012 National Biodiesel Conference & Expo in Orlando on the company’s new commercially proven enzymatic transesterification

March 02, 2012 Read Full Article

Von Wedel Discusses Biodiesel Fuel Quality Issues at California Show

by Erin Voegele (Biodiesel Magazine)  Although the biodiesel industry is maturing, fuel quality is still a central issue. Randall von Wedel, principal biochemist with BioSolar Group and CytoCulture International Inc., closed the California Biodiesel & Renewable Diesel Conference in San

January 23, 2012 Read Full Article
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ethanol-fueled aircraft Ethanol-to-Gasoline (ETG) ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/diesel ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethyl levulinate (EL) ethylbenzene ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order executive order--state Extended Range Electric Vehicle (EREV) externalities extremophiles f F Factor F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farmers farming farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation Feedstocks fermentation ferry fertilizer fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) Fischer-Tropsch/FT fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources Forest Service forestry forklifts Formate formic acid fossil carbon fossil fuel Frace fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud free fatty acids (FFA) Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon gallium Gambia games gas prices gas tax/highway user fee gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gasoline-range hydrocarbons Gemany General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Gerrmany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) Intensity giant cane giant kelp Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect Global South global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grain sorghum/milo grain speculators grains GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery green/black economy Greenland GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Guinea Bissau Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP gypsum h Haiti Halophytes harvest site processing harvesting Hawai'i hay hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ HDO-SAK (hydro deoxygenated synthetic aromatic kerosene) health health benefits health effects heat of combustion heat of vaporization heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) high octane low carbon (HOLC) fuel High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 HVO20 HVO30 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrid ships hybrids hydrocarbon fuels Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydroformylation hydrogen aircraft hydrogen carrier hydrogen combustion engines hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen leaks hydrogen pipeline hydrogen pumps/fueling stations hydrogen tax credit hydrogen terminal Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Price hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogenolysis hydropower Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal gasification hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois Illiois illuppai ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indian beech tree Indian grass Indiana indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial burners industrial ethanol industrial gases industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated biorefineries integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine (ICE) internal combustion engine (ICE)/gasoline engine ban International international balance of payments International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Sustainability and Carbon Certification model(ISCC) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit Invvesting ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron iron oxide IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene 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Nevada New Brunswick new fuel approval New Guinea New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New South Wales New York New Zealand Newfoundland Newfoundland and Labrador next generation biofuels next generation vehicles NHRA drag racing Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrogen starvation nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota North Korea Northeast northern catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory Northwest Territories Norwary Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds nuclear Nunavut nut shells nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition oak oat hulls oat straw oats Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy Office of Science and 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Private Investment Corporation overview overview/survey course owa oxygen oxygenate ozone Pakistan Palau palm palm biomass palm fatty acid distillate palm fiber palm fronds palm kernel palm kernel oil palm kernel shell palm oil Palm Oil Methyl Ester (PME) palm oil mill effluent (POME) palm oil prices palm trunk sap palm waste Paludiculture/peatland cultivation Panama pandas panic grass papaya paper Papua Indonesia Papua New Guinea paraffins Paraguay Paris Agreement parity partial waiver particulates pasture land Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) patents pathways Paulownia paulownia tree payments peach shell peaches peak oil peak oil demand peanuts/groundnuts peas pectin peela kaner pellet pellets Pennsylvania pennycress/stinkweed pentane pentanol pentose pequi perennial grains perennial grasses Performance permitting Peru pest-tolerance pesticide-tolerance pests pet food petition petroleum pharmaceuticals phase separation Philippines phosphorus photobioreactor photoelectrocatalysis 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RNG tax credit roadmap rocket fuel Romania RON (Research Octane Number) rosin rotation crops Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials (RSB) royalties RP-1 RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber rubber seeds rumen ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Rural Renewable Energy Pilot Program rushes Russia Russian olive rutabaga Rwanda ry rye Rye grass rye straw s saccharification SAF pipeline SAF10 SAF30 SAF40 SAFc (Sustainable Aviation Fuel certificates) Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower sago pond weed SAIC sal tree Salicornia salt water salt-tolerant saltbush saltcedar Samoa Sanctions Santa Monica sardine oil Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Advisory Board (SAB) Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) Science Policy scooters Scotland scum sea level rise seaports seashore mallow seawater seaweed cultivation Seaweed/Macroalgae 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