environmental policy

Back TO HOME

Green Fuel Regs for Ocean Shipping Offer Hope for Struggling U.S. Ag Sector

by Philip Brasher (Agri-Pulse) Over the objections of the Trump administration, an international body that regulates ocean shipping is preparing to finalize a cap-and-trade system for reducing greenhouse gas emissions that offers a potential new market for biofuels made from agricultural feedstocks.

Read Full Article

Trucking Industry Scores Major Environmental Wins in Summer 2025

(American Trucking Associations) This summer marked a turning point for the trucking industry’s role in America’s environmental future. After years of battling misguided, top-down mandates from California regulators, common sense prevailed, freeing fleets, manufacturers, and drivers to pursue real, sustainable progress

Read Full Article

EU Imports of UCO-Based Biodiesel Remain High Despite Punitive Tariffs

(UFOP/Biobased Diesel Daily) ... Since February, the EU-27 has imposed duties on biodiesel imports from China, ranging from 10 percent to 35.6 percent, depending on the feedstock. Nevertheless, pressure from Chinese imports remains strong. According to Eurostat, imports of methyl-ester biodiesel made from used

Read Full Article

Brazil May Not Introduce 16% Biodiesel Mix into Diesel on Deadline, Official Says

by Roberto Samora  (Reuters/WHTC) Brazil may not be able to raise the mandatory biodiesel mix in diesel to 16% from 15% within a government-set deadline of March 2026, an official from the Brazilian Ministry of Mines and Energy said on Monday. Marlon Arraes,

Read Full Article

A ‘Green’ Perception of CO2 – When Derived from Biofuels and Other Sources

by Sam A. Rushing (Advanced Cryogenics, Ltd./The Digest)  Yes, carbon dioxide as a green chemical – however, what about the effects on the environment and economy? Carbon dioxide is ever – more a green – natured agent when applied in a growing

Read Full Article

What Portland’s 50% Renewable Fuel Blend Mandate Means for the Fuel Market in 2026

by Jordan Godwin (OPIS Insights) ... Under the city’s Renewable Fuel Standard, the minimum blend requirement for renewable diesel is set to increase from today’s 15% to 50% in 2026. This ambitious policy aims to accelerate decarbonization in the transportation sector

Read Full Article

Ethanol Mix Gasoline: Mileage and Engine Impact

(Autoini) Explore ethanol fuel blends and their effects on engines, efficiency, and global adoption. --  Ethanol mix gasoline is becoming more common worldwide as countries aim to cut emissions and reduce oil dependence. Blended fuels such as E5, E10, E20, and E85 are already widely

Read Full Article

Trump Set to Cancel West Coast Hydrogen Hubs Amid Shutdown Fight

(Bloomberg/Financial Post) The Trump administration is planning to cancel billions of dollars earmarked for hydrogen projects in California and the Pacific Northwest as part of its first tranche of funding cuts following the government shutdown, according to an administration official. READ

Read Full Article

RED III Passes Dutch Parliament, Reassuring Biofuels Traders of Timely Transposition into Law

by Olly Wroe and Suzanna Hayek (S&P Global)   Tweede Kamer adopts notable amendments; 'Jan. 1 implementation probable': sources; Initial market reaction is limited -- The Dutch House of Representatives, or Tweede Kamer, voted to implement the EU's Renewable Energy Directive, or RED III,

Read Full Article

Sustainable Aviation Fuel Offers Lifeline to Ethanol, Researchers Say

by Corbin Hiar (E&E News Climatewire)  The U.S. must implement new policies to kick-start production of bio-based jet fuel, according to a paper from the National Bureau of Economic Research. -- A new paper offers a policy road map for expanding U.S.

Read Full Article

Hardeep Puri Holds Talks with Brazilian Officials on Biofuels, Energy Transition, and Investments

(ANI/Financial Express) Puri, on Saturday, said that both parties discussed Indian investment in oil and gas sector in Brazil. -- Union Minister for Petroleum and Natural Gas, Hardeep Singh Puri held talks with Special Advisor to the President of Brazil Celso Luis Nunes Amorim and

Read Full Article

Ammonia as a Marine Fuel: Prospects and Challenges

(DNV)  Ammonia is gaining traction as a marine fuel, backed by regulatory progress, engine innovation and early fleet adoption. Due to high costs and infrastructure gaps, shipowners are advised to plan strategically when choosing the right future fuel. How far and

Read Full Article

The Fast-Breaking, Full-Court Pressing, Outside-Shooting Bioeconomy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) ...  Rotterdam’s three cancelled projects weren’t just bad luck — they were dinosaurs lumbering in a league that has gone small-ball. The Rotterdam Regulars vs the Brussels Bureaucrats has given way to a new style of

Read Full Article

Bizav Leadership on Sustainable Fuels in View as ICAO Triennial Considers Proposals to Boost SAF Production

(Climbing. Fast.) The promise of a new era in which aircraft are powered increasingly by carbon-cutting fuels is in focus as government leaders from around the world convene this week for a preeminent global industry policy setting meeting, and business aviation

Read Full Article

Smartenergy Secures Long-Term e-SAF Offtake Deal with Q8 Aviation

(Global e-Fuels)  Smartenergy Group AG has signed a strategic partnership with Q8 Aviation, the international aviation arm of Kuwait Petroleum International, to advance the production and use of synthetic sustainable aviation fuel (e-SAF). The agreement makes Q8 Aviation a cornerstone offtake

Read Full Article

Bringing Bio-Based into Green Public Procurement: Lessons from Catalonia and Zeeland

(Bioregions) Public procurement is one of the most powerful tools governments have to shape markets and accelerate change. By integrating bio-based thinking into existing green public procurement (GPP) frameworks, public authorities can directly support climate goals, strengthen regional economies, and cut

Read Full Article

Cacophony to Symphony: Successfully Scaling Sustainable Aviation Fuel

(PA Consulting)  Two decades on from the first SAF flight, no other technology or pathway is as ready or scalable. Yet the gap between ambition and achievement is striking. While a small number of players are making substantial commitments and significant

Read Full Article

Energy Dept. Adds ‘Climate Change’ and ‘Emissions’ to Banned Words List

by Zack Coleman (Policito Pro) It is the latest in a series of Trump administration efforts to dispute, silence or downplay climate change. The Energy Department has added “climate change,” “green” and “decarbonization” to its growing “list of words to avoid” at

Read Full Article

Indonesia: Palm Oil Sellers Fear New Barriers after EU Deal

by Fika Ramadhani  (Deutsche Welle) After nearly a decade of negotiations between Jakarta and Brussels, a new free trade pact will let Indonesia sell its palm oil in the EU with zero tariffs. But other obstacles are looming. -- The European Union

Read Full Article

APOA, CPOPC to Build a Stable and Sustainable Palm Oil Supply Chain

(Deccan Chronicle) The Asian Palm Oil Alliance (APOA), the Council of Palm Oil Producing Countries (CPOPC), and Solidaridad Network Asia Limited (SNAL), embark on a structured programme to align national sustainability standards, improve traceability and support smallholders across the region. APOA, the

Read Full Article

Chances of US Passing a Carbon Border Tariff Law are ‘Non-Trivial,’ Dem. Senator Says

by Lamar Johnson (ESG Dive) Sens. Sheldon Whitehouse, D-R.I., and Bill Cassidy, R-La., have each introduced bills to implement a carbon border adjustment mechanism for the U.S., mirroring similar initiatives abroad. While the trade deal between the U.S. and European Union contained

Read Full Article

Saaremaa Shipyard Building Biofuel-Electric Vessel for Estonian State Fleet

by Margus Muld (ERR.EE)  Baltic Workboats' Saaremaa shipyard is building a 38-meter vessel for Estonia's state fleet that will run on biofuel and electricity, due next spring. The steel hull arrived from Poland this week. Once completed, the workboat will be used for waterway

Read Full Article

Gasum and Preem Enter Strategic Partnership – Enables Preem Cardholders to Refuel with Biogas at Gasum Stations

(Gasum)  During the summer, Gasum and Preem signed a strategic cooperation agreement that enables Preem's corporate customers to refuel liquid and compressed biogas at Gasum stations in Sweden. On top of the environmental benefits, all transactions will be consolidated into a

Read Full Article

The Digest’s Multi-Slide Guide to Lowering Barriers for Maritime Biofuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Green Corridors as key demonstration platforms for maritime biofuel adoption. New MARPOL Annex VI will mandate GHG intensity reductions and economic incentives. DNV’s scenario projects bio-methanol and bio-MGO dominance. Maersk has invested $100M in a green

Read Full Article

Five Ways to Spur Global Growth in Renewable Ethanol

by David Carpintero (ePURE/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  ... While economic and political uncertainty seem to have become the new normal on the global stage, there are still some ways that ethanol producers everywhere could take advantage of opportunities created by the right

Read Full Article

The Overlooked Step to Max Out Your 45Z Credit

by Danielle Anderson (Christianson/Ethanol Producer Magazine) Renewable fuel producers are eager to claim the 45Z Clean Fuel Production Credit, but one powerful opportunity often flies under the radar—offsetting a facility’s electricity emissions through Energy Attribute Certificates (EACs).  As one of the most

Read Full Article

Driving Maritime Decarbonisation: A Conversation with Greg Atkinson of Eco Marine Power

by Shahjahan Ahmed (SeaNews) Eco Marine Power’s Greg Atkinson discusses the evolution of the Aquarius MRE and EnergySail, solar trials, and partnerships driving practical, commercially viable maritime decarbonisation. -- Eco Marine Power (EMP) is a Japan-based technology company pioneering renewable energy solutions for

Read Full Article

Biofuels and India’s Energy Transition: How Government Policies and Industry Innovators are Driving Sustainability

by  Kishan Karunakaran (Chemical Industry Digest) Biofuels are emerging as a key driver of India’s energy transition, supported by strong policies and industry innovation. By converting waste into clean energy, they enhance energy security, reduce emissions, boost rural incomes, and promote sustainable

Read Full Article

BP Postpones Oil Demand Peak Prediction to 2030 from 2025

by Stephanie Kelly and Shadia Nasralla (Reuters/MSN)  BP said on Thursday (September 25, 2025) it expects global oil demand to grow until 2030, five years later than its forecast a year ago, stressing slowed efforts to increase energy efficiency. The oil

Read Full Article

The Digest’s Multi-Slide Guide to Global Regulatory Framework and Policies for International Shipping

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) The 2023 IMO GHG Strategy aims for net-zero emissions from international shipping by or around 2050, targeting 20% GHG reduction by 2030 (striving for 30%) and 70% by 2040 (striving for 80%). A mandatory GHG emissions

Read Full Article

Flex Engines Gaining Traction in India with Ethanol Push: IFGE Chief

by Kaushal Verma (ANI News) Flex engines are gaining a foothold in India, backed by the  country's growing ethanol blending programme and other biofuel initiatives, Pramod Chaudhari, President of the Indian Federation of Green Energy, said on Wednesday. ... Flex engines, or flex-fuel engines, are

Read Full Article

ABP-Backed Green Methanol Project Wins Clean Maritime Demonstration Competition

(Associated British Ports) To mark London International Shipping Week (LISW), Associated British Ports (ABP), the largest port operator in the UK, is celebrating the success of ‘TURBO-METH’, a clean technology project, which has secured funding as part of the Department for

Read Full Article

Amogy’s Ammonia Gambit and the Same Old Song of Oil

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) ...  But only now, with companies like Amogy, are we cracking its hidden hydrogen to fuel ships, trucks, and maybe even data centers. Could this smelly old industrial standby be the fresh track that breaks us out

Read Full Article

New Mexico Regulator Launches Hearing on State's Proposed Clean Fuels Program

by Alaina Mencinger (Santa Fe New Mexican)  A state regulatory body kicked off a lengthy hearing Monday on a proposed clean fuel program that would create a system of credits to incentivize the development and use of less carbon-intensive fuels. The Environmental Improvement

Read Full Article

Green Plains Enters into Agreement with Freepoint Commodities to Monetize 45Z Tax Credits

(Green Plains/Ethanol Producer Magazine) Green Plains Inc. on Sept. 17 announced that it has entered into an agreement with an affiliate of Freepoint Commodities LLC to sell Clean Fuel Production Credits, also known as 45Z tax credits, generated in 2025 under

Read Full Article

Catagen Launches Sustainable Aviation Fuel Company

(Catagen/Biobased Diesel Daily) Catagen, a Belfast-based clean-energy engineering company, announced Sept. 17 that it has officially launched ClimaHtech Green Flight at its Titanic Quarter Campus. CGF, a wholly owned subsidiary of Catagen, will use patented modular-reactor technology to produce sustainable aviation fuel

Read Full Article

EU Allocates €100m-Worth of ETS Allowances to Help Airlines Buy Sustainable Aviation Fuels

(European Commission) On 12 September 2025, the Commission adopted a Decision on the allocation of EU ETS emission allowances to airlines for the use of sustainable aviation fuels (SAF) in 2024. This follows calculations by Member States’ authorities for commercial airlines, and marks

Read Full Article

Brazil’s Government Opens Public-Comment Period on RenovaBio’s Emissions-Reduction Targets Public Comment DEADLINE October 26, 2025

(Brazil's Ministry of Mines and Energy/Biobased Diesel Daily)  Brazil’s Ministry of Mines and Energy opened a public-comment period Sept. 11, public consultation No. 197, which addresses the eighth cycle of annual decarbonization targets of the National Biofuels Policy (RenovaBio). The period runs

Read Full Article

Neste’s Renewable Diesel Journey: From Visionary Beginnings towards a More Sustainable Future

(Neste) What began as an innovative idea in the 1990s has grown into a global success story. Lars Peter Lindfors, Senior Vice President, Technology & Innovation at Neste, revisits the key milestones of this journey, reflecting on the pioneering spirit that

Read Full Article

Fortescue Takes Green Pioneer to New York

(Fortescue) The Fortescue Green Pioneer has sailed into New York for Climate Week NYC, the world’s largest annual climate event. -- The 75m dual fuel ammonia-powered vessel is docked on Manhattan’s Lower East Side, marking the latest stop on its 2025 global

Read Full Article

September Symbolism: Harvesting Change and New Beginnings

by Allen Schaefer (Engine Technology Forum)  ...  The rapid pivot of 2025 politics has brought more announcements of investments in internal combustion engines and manufacturing capability in the U.S. and calls for extensions of elimination of future bans on ICE in

Read Full Article

EU to Delay Anti-Deforestation Law by Another Year

by Kate Abnett and Makini Brice (Reuters) EU delays law again, citing IT system concerns; U.S. and other major trade partners have opposed the law; Law aims to curb global deforestation linked to EU consumption; Environmental campaigners criticise delay The European Union will delay launching

Read Full Article

APPA Biofuels Calls for Substantial Changes to the Draft Royal Decree on Renewable Fuels to Bring It into Compliance with EU Regulations.

(The Association of Renewable Energy Companies (APPA) (Google Translation))   APPA Biocarburantes considers that the draft Royal Decree on renewable fuels in transport presented by MITECO last July, which is currently being processed, requires substantial changes to adequately transpose the provisions on

Read Full Article

How POET’s Practical Innovations Are Redefining the Ethanol Market

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) ... Along the fence, voices heckled. Your carbon is lousy. Your productivity is low. Your century is over. The tortoise kept moving—one more interconnect, one more offtake, one more FEED package priced off policy that finally stops wobbling. By

Read Full Article

The International Organization for Standardization and Greenhouse Gas Protocol Will Align Guidelines for Corporate Disclosure on Emissions.

by Heather Clancy (Trellis) Key Takeaways: -ISO and GHG Protocol say their collaboration won’t apply to existing standards.  -The work is expected to take at least 18 months.   -One big goal: closer alignment on how to discuss progress toward net zero.  The

Read Full Article

BIMCO: 53% of Container Ships on Order Can Use Alternative Fuels

(Safety4Sea) In this week’s “Shipping Number of the Week” from BIMCO, Chief Shipping Analyst, Niels Rasmussen, looks at the number of container ships on order which will be able to use alternative fuels directly upon delivery. -- According to Niels Rasmussen,

Read Full Article

Leveraging Ethanol’s Versatility in the Marine Sector

(U.S. Grains and Bioproducts Council)  Shipping’s energy transition now runs on firm timelines and audited lifecycle emissions accounting. The International Maritime Organization’s (IMO) updated greenhouse-gas strategy sets a net-zero ambition “by or around 2050,” with waypoints for 2030 and 2040 and

Read Full Article

UK CBAM — The UK’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism

(UABIO) The UK Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (UK CBAM) will be launched on 1 January 2027. This will ensure that imported carbon-intensive industrial goods are charged a comparable price for their carbon emissions to that which would be paid for similar

Read Full Article

State of the Biogas Industry in 12 Countries: Review of the Report by IEA Bioenergy

(Sustainable Agribusiness Forum) At the end of last year, IEA Bioenergy developed a report on biogas and biomethane production, the use of biogas and other anaerobic digestion products, political and financial conditions, as well as innovative projects in the member countries of the

Read Full Article

Maryland Department of the Environment Files Notice of Proposed Action to Amend Advanced Clean Trucks Program.

(Maryland Department of the Environment) The purpose of this action is to adjust language which clarifies compliance determinations and sales reporting requirements for vehicle manufacturers and add an additional certification pathway for medium-duty zero-emission vehicles. This will result in increased time

Read Full Article

Notice of Proposed Action Was Printed in the Maryland Register for MDE’s Maryland Heating Fuel Provider Reporting Program Public Comment DEADLINE October 21, 2025

Today, a Notice of Proposed Action was printed in the Maryland Register for MDE’s Maryland Heating Fuel Provider Reporting Program. Heating fuel providers include companies that deliver natural gas, fuel oil, propane, kerosene, coal, and other heating fuels, including biofuels, for

Read Full Article

Environmental Groups Urge IMO to Block High-Risk Biofuels in Shipping’s Net Zero Framework

by Mike Schuler (G Captain) Leading environmental organizations have submitted a joint proposal to the International Maritime Organization (IMO) calling for measures to prevent the shipping industry’s expansion into crop-based biofuels that could threaten climate goals, natural ecosystems, and food security. Pacific

Read Full Article

All International Flights to Be Biofuel-Powered in S. Korea Starting 2027

(KBS World) Starting in 2027, sustainable aviation fuel(SAF) will power all international passenger planes in South Korea as the nation seeks to lead efforts to achieve carbon neutrality in the aviation industry. A road map the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport

Read Full Article

Argentine 2025 Biodiesel Production among Lowest on Record

(Oils & Fats International)  Argentina’s biodiesel production in 2025 is expected to be the lowest volume on record at 1.2bn litres, a drop of 7% compared to the previous year, according to a US Department of Agriculture (USDA) report. With domestic consumption

Read Full Article

Aloha SAF or Mahalo for the Money?: Hawaiʻi at the Crossroads of Aviation’s Future

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) ...  By 1958, when the first commercial jets touched down at Honolulu, Hawaiʻi was no longer faraway paradise but weekend escape. Tourism boomed, jobs multiplied, and with them came dependence: on imported oil, on air routes

Read Full Article

National Academies Publish New Report Reviewing Evidence for Greenhouse Gas Emissions and U.S. Climate, Health, and Welfare

(National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine)  A new report from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine says the evidence for current and future harm to human health and welfare created by human-caused greenhouse gases is beyond scientific dispute. The report focuses

Read Full Article

Australia Promises $735 Million to Launch Biofuel Industry

by Peter Hobson (Reuters)  The Australian government said on Wednesday (September 17, 2025) it would invest A$1.1 billion ($735 million) in the development of a low-carbon fuels industry, a move welcomed by farm groups, who hope it will boost demand for

Read Full Article

EPA Proposes to Cancel Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program Public Comment DEADLINE November 3, 2025

by Erin Krueger (Biomass Magazine) The U.S. EPA on Sept. 12 released a proposed rule to end the Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program. If finalized, the proposal would remove reporting obligations for most large facilities, all fuel and industrial gas suppliers, and

Read Full Article

Bureau Veritas Launches OptiCARBONTM to Optimize Fleet Energy, Fuel and Compliance Costs

(Bureau Veritas) OptiCARBONTM is a predictive decision platform for cruise and passenger vessel owners, operators and fleet managers, designed to optimize energy use, fuel spend, and regulatory cost exposure, in order to reduce compliance complexity. OptiCARBONTM is designed to support tailored decarbonization strategies

Read Full Article

The Current Scenario of SAF Production in Brazil (2025)

by Jefferson dos Santos Estevo* (Advanced Biofuels USA) The production of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) continues to expand worldwide. Data from the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), as of the end of August, indicate that if all 472 announced production

Read Full Article

The Digest’s Multi-Slide Guide to SAF Contrail Modeling

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This project, 33% complete with $400k in FY24 funding, aims to develop predictive chemistry and particle microphysics models for SAF contrail formation, a major climate impact driver (57.4 mW/m2 Effective Radiative Forcing). A multi-scale ice nucleation

Read Full Article

Palm oil: Malaysia on the Right Track to Be Classified as Low-Risk Country, Says Johari

(UkrAgroConsult) Malaysia is on the right track to be classified as a low-risk country in palm oil production, particularly with its mandatory Malaysian Sustainable Palm Oil (MSPO) certification, says Plantations and Commodities Minister Datuk Seri Johari Abdul Ghani. He said the government

Read Full Article

House Lawmakers Introduce Bipartisan Pipeline Safety Bill

by Amelia Davidson (Politico Pro E&E NewsPM) The legislation is the latest effort to reauthorize the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration.  --  Leaders on a House committee unveiled bipartisan legislation Friday to reauthorize the nation’s pipeline safety regulator — and move

Read Full Article

Biogas Sector, Refiners Sue over EPA’s 2024 Partial Cellulosic RFS Waiver

(Indside EPA)  Producers of renewable natural gas (RNG) from landfills and animal feeding operations, along with oil refiners, are suing EPA over its partial waiver of 2024 requirements for “cellulosic” biofuel under the renewable fuel standard (RFS), with gas producers likely

Read Full Article

UK Sets Course for Net-Zero Shipping by 2050

(Biofuels International) The UK government has released its first domestic shipping decarbonisation targets, as part of the UK’s Maritime Decarbonisation Strategy. The new publication sets out a blueprint for transitioning the shipping sector to net-zero emissions by 2050, a strategy which aligns

Read Full Article

Nitin Gadkari Rejects Criticism over E20 Fuel Rollout, Says Work on for 10% Biodiesel

by Soumya Chatterjee and Zia Haq (Hindustan Times)  Work on to achieve a 10% biodiesel goal under fuel-blending programme, said Gadkari -- Union Road Transport and Highways Minister Nitin Gadkari on Thursday dismissed criticism over the rollout of 20% ethanol-blended petrol (E20),

Read Full Article

Provectus Biofuels Secures Non-Binding LOI for Offtake of up to 10 Million Litres of Renewable Sustainable Aviation Fuel

(Provectus Biofuels/NewsFile)  Provectus Biofuels Inc. (the "Company" or "Provectus") today (September 11, 2025) announced the Company has signed a non-binding letter of intent with a regional Alberta airport that sets out indicative terms under which both parties intend to negotiate a definitive

Read Full Article

How Environmental Groups Lost Newsom to Big Oil

by Alex Nieves (Politico) ... And it highlights the political risks of aggressively moving away from fossil fuels without a transition plan in place. ... “It’s one thing to have the sound bites at the ready during a campaign,” said Andrew Acosta, a

Read Full Article

Scaling Storage in Brazil: From Ethanol Injection to Offshore Readiness With a National CCS Law

by Fernando C. Hernandez (Journal of Petroleum Technology)  With Brazil enacting South America’s first carbon capture and storage (CCS) law, this article examines the technical and regulatory architecture required to scale CCS deployment and provides exclusive insight into Brazil’s accelerating CCS landscape.  The

Read Full Article

DNV Publishes Maritime Forecast to 2050 Report

(DNV) Shipping is entering a new regulatory era that will reshape investment decisions, operational strategies, and fuel choices across the maritime value chain.  Key issues covered in this 9th edition of the report include: An analysis of the implications of the IMO Net-Zero

Read Full Article

IEA Bioenergy Task 40 “Deployment of Biobased Value Chains” Final Task Report Triennium 2022-2024

(IEA Bioenergy Task 40) The focus of Task 40 in this triennium has been on the development and design of efficient, economically viable, and low-risk (bankable) value chains to support a larger deployment of sustainable biomass for energy, for biobased chemicals

Read Full Article

RNG-Fueled Fleets in California Mark 5 years of Carbon-Free Outcomes

(The Transport Project/Biomass Magazine) Last calendar year marked the fifth consecutive year that commercial fleets in the State of California fueled by bio-CNG (renewable natural gas, or RNG) achieved a carbon-negative transportation outcome, according to a report released today by The Transport Project and RNG Coalition alongside

Read Full Article

‘Let Green Gas Count’ Coalition Releases Recommendations for Corporate GHG Reporting of Biogas Purchases

(American Biogas Council) Recommendations call for recognizing full carbon-reduction value of biogas -- The American Biogas Council (ABC), with the Let Green Gas Count Coalition, announced today recommendations that allow corporate greenhouse gas reporting in the Greenhouse Gas Protocol (GHG-P) to recognize the full

Read Full Article

Outraged Farmers Blame Ag Monopolies as Catastrophic Collapse Looms

by Chris Bennett (AgWeb) ... On Sept. 2, 2025, a telltale farm meeting went nuclear. Field representatives from the offices of Sen. Tom Cotton, Sen. John Boozman and Rep. Rick Crawford, along with a rep sent by Gov. Sarah Sanders, initially

Read Full Article

EC Publishes Summary Report on Public Consultation for EU Bioeconomy Strategy

by Lynn L. Bergeson and Carla N. Hutton (Bergeson & Campbell) The European Commission (EC) has published a report summarizing comments received during the public consultation for the initiative “Towards a circular, regenerative and competitive bioeconomy.” As reported in our April 1, 2025, blog

Read Full Article

Army Active in the Fuel Security Transition

 by Peter Nugent (Australian Government Department of Defence) The first 15,000-litre renewable diesel delivery to Army’s School of Armour (SOARM) Puckapunyal is already powering the fleet. Commanding Officer SOARM Lieutenant Colonel Aaron Cimbaljevic said the delivery was an important step in building energy

Read Full Article

The Port of Alicante Is Moving toward Green Hydrogen with a Market Consultation. The Deadline for Submitting Proposals Is September 30.

(Port of Alicante)  The Port of Alicante has taken a key step in its sustainability strategy with the launch of a Preliminary Market Consultation (PMC) to prepare for the future concession of a green hydrogen production plant. The initiative, dubbed PORTALI-H2,

Read Full Article

Petrovietnam, Brazil's FS Seek Cooperation in Biofuel Production

by Minh Hue (The Investor) Le Xuan Huyen, deputy CEO of Petrovietnam, together with representatives from the state-owned group's member units, last week met with representatives of Brazil’s leading ethanol producer FS in Hanoi to discuss cooperation in biofuel production. At the

Read Full Article

Switching Safely to Low-GHG Fuels and Technologies

(DNV)  As the maritime industry shifts towards low-GHG fuels, ensuring safety during this transition is paramount. This article highlights the critical measures and considerations necessary for a safe and effective switch to low-carbon fuels and technologies. -- Orderbooks are increasingly filled with

Read Full Article

Everfuel Achieves RFNBO Certification – A Major Milestone for Green Hydrogen in Europe

(Everfuel)  Everfuel is pleased to announce that we have achieved RFNBO certification officially recognising that our hydrogen production facility, HySynergy, produces green hydrogen under the EU’s Renewable Fuels of Non-Biological Origin (RFNBO) framework. Everfuel is now a Certified RFNBO Producer, setting a new

Read Full Article

EPA Moves to Disband Longstanding Clean Air Act Advisory Committee

(Inside EPA) EPA is moving to disband its Clean Air Act Advisory Committee (CAAAC) that has provided advice on implementing the statute for over three decades, citing the move as a result of a broader review of the agency’s advisory panels

Read Full Article

The Green Push: Clean Energy Ambitions Fuel India’s Rise in Green Hydrogen and Biofuels

by Rahul Koul (Indian Chemical News)  India’s hydrogen and biofuels sector has made promising strides with strong policy backing and early investments, but high costs, infrastructure gaps, and regulatory hurdles remain key challenges -- India’s hydrogen and biofuels sectors are rapidly emerging

Read Full Article

Court Tosses out Biden-Era Fuel Economy Formula for Electric Vehicles

 by Alex Guillén (Politico Pro) The Energy Department "lacks statutory authority" to apply a multiplying factor that boosted the miles per gallon equivalent for electric vehicles, the ruling said. -- The 8th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals on Friday (September 5, 2025) overturned

Read Full Article

EPA Scheduled to Issue Final RFS ‘Set 2’ Rule in October

by Erin Krueger (SAF Magazine) The White House Office of Management and Budget on Sept. 4 published its Spring 2025 Unified Agenda of Regulatory and Deregulatory Actions, which confirms the U.S. EPA plans to finalize its Renewable Fuel Standard “Set 2”

Read Full Article

Everything You’ve Wanted to Know about Coprocessing (But Were Afraid to Ask)

by Ignacio Costa (Topsoe/SAF Magazine)  ...  Coprocessing refers to the simultaneous processing of renewable and fossil feedstocks within existing refinery units, such as hydrotreaters or hydrocrackers. In this approach, renewable materials including vegetable oils, animal fats or used cooking oils are blended

Read Full Article

An Alternative Pathway to Sustainable Aviation Fuel

by Alexei Beltyukov and Stephen Sims (Universal Fuel Technologies/SAF Magazine) ... FT processes remain more expensive than HEFA, primarily due to higher capital costs per unit of production capacity and more complex production processes.  ... FT plants making SAF will produce up to 20%

Read Full Article

ShapingBio Offers Recommendations for a Competitive EU Bioeconomy

(ShapingBio) New policy brief urges the European Commission to harmonise coordination, strengthen financing, and improve market conditions to unlock the full potential of bio-based innovation. Brussels, August 26th, 2025 - The EU-funded ShapingBio project has released a comprehensive policy brief outlining key

Read Full Article

Furetank Launches Company for Trading Emission Reductions in Shipping

(Furetank) The FuelEU Maritime regulation opens new pathways for the shipping industry to dramatically cut greenhouse gas emissions. The Swedish tanker shipping company Furetank is now taking the lead, reducing its own emissions to a fraction through biogas operations and launching

Read Full Article

California Lawmakers Vote to Allow Sale of Higher-Ethanol Fuel

by Nichola Groom (Reuters/MSN) California lawmakers on Wednesday (September 3, 2025) voted to allow the sale of a higher-ethanol gasoline blend that could help bring down fuel prices in the largest U.S. auto market. The sale of E15, a blend containing 15% ethanol,

Read Full Article

How the IMO’s Net-Zero Framework Can Power American Industry

(Vanguard Renewables) “How the IMO’s Net-Zero Framework Can Power American Industry,” authored by Vanguard Renewables' CEO, Mike O'Laughlin, outlines the economic and strategic opportunity to align global maritime regulations, unlock U.S. leadership in clean fuels, and deliver $2–$3 trillion in economic value through

Read Full Article

Fuels, Strategic: Why Biomethanol Matters More than Ever

by Alisha Patil (Kings Research/Biofuels Digest) Biomethanol is quietly emerging as one of the most compelling levers in the decarbonization of both renewable chemicals and marine propulsion—a bit like cryogenic CO₂ in food processing: pragmatic, powerful, and often underappreciated. Drawing on

Read Full Article

Liquid Heating-Fuels Industry Announces Policy Principles for Equitable Building Decarbonization

(National Energy and Fuels Institute/Biobased Diesel Daily)  At an industry summit held during the Heating & Energizing America Trade Show Aug. 22, heating-fuel industry stakeholders ratified policy principles they say must guide federal, state or local emissions-reduction policies. These “Principles for Equitable and Reliable Building

Read Full Article

Secretary Rollins Opens Next Step in the Roadless Rule Rescission Public Comment DEADLINE September 19, 2025

(U.S. Department of Agriculture) U.S. Secretary of Agriculture Brooke L. Rollins today (August 27, 2025) announced the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) has taken the next step in the rulemaking process for rescinding the 2001 Roadless Rule by opening a public

Read Full Article

India Plans to Extend Biofuel Push to Diesel-Guzzling Construction Equipment Sector: Report

by Prakash Jha (Bio Energy Times) India is preparing to extend its biofuel blending programme to the diesel-powered construction equipment sector, with plans to mix biofuels into fuel used by heavy carriers, bulldozers, cranes, and other machinery, reports Live Mint. Inter-ministerial consultations between

Read Full Article

Biofuels: Black Gold from Golden Straw

by Adeel Ghayur (Express Tribune) ... For Pakistan, biofuel production offers a similar opportunity, serving as both a strategic step towards achieving energy independence and a crucial measure to address the environmental challenges associated with crop residue burning. Pakistan has decades of

Read Full Article

This Obscure UN Rule Will Help Shape the Future of Carbon Markets

by Lucy Almond (Trellis) At stake: what counts as "high-integrity" in the voluntary carbon market. -- Key Takeaways: Article 6.4 of the Paris Agreement likely will heavily influence expectations on what counts as “high integrity” in the voluntary carbon markets. If the article limits

Read Full Article

As Blue States Sue to Ban Ethanol-Fueled Vehicles, Corn Growers Want Court’s Ear

(Capital Press) Corn Belt farmers are eager to do what they can to prevent Oregon, Washington and California from banning ethanol-powered vehicles.  The National Corn Growers Association and corn growers in 11 states have moved to intervene in a lawsuit blue states

Read Full Article

Govt to Issue New Presidential Regulation on Waste Management for Energy Sector Development

by Julian Issac (Indonesia Business Post) The Indonesian government is set to issue a new Presidential Regulation (Perpres) to replace three existing regulations on waste management, in a move aimed at streamlining bureaucracy and improving the waste-to-energy business model, which has

Read Full Article

Jeonnam Bids for $1.9Bn National Hydrogen Complex with Plan to Build Korea’s Biggest Clean H₂ Hub

(Fuels Cells Works) South Korea’s Jeonnam Province (South Jeolla) has formally applied to the national government for KRW 2.7 trillion ($1.9 billion) in state subsidies to build what it says would be the largest clean hydrogen production complex in the country,

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to Biogas Systems Developments and Flexibility

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Biogas systems are proven, customizable net-zero technologies, feeding biomethane into existing gas infrastructure and treating diverse wet organic wastes. They offer high operational flexibility, integrating electrical and natural gas grids, and are generally cheaper than

Read Full Article

RNG Coalition, Phillips 66 Join Call to Extend California’s Cap-and-Trade Program

by Erin Krueger (Biomass Magazine)  The RNG Coalition and Phillips 66 on Aug. 20 joined more than 40 other businesses, associations and nonprofits in urging the California legislature to extend the state’s Cap-and-Trade Program before the end of the legislative session

Read Full Article

Legal Analysis Finds Countries Must Include Aviation Non-CO2 Emissions in Their Climate Action Plans

by Christopher Surgenor (GreenAir) Legal advice provided for environmental NGOs Transport & Environment and Opportunity Green shows that all countries have a legal obligation to include aviation non-CO2 emissions, such as those that cause climate warming aircraft contrails, in their national

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to Green Gas Production Targets and Challenges

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) EU directives target 35 bcm renewable gas by 2030, with the Netherlands aiming for 1.1 bcm Green Gas, 0.55 bcm via gasification. This necessitates building approximately 14 (30 MWth) plants in NL and 175 across Europe

Read Full Article

Special EPM Podcast Series Hosted by Sue Retka Schill Featuring Sen. Tom Daschle

(Ethanol Producer Magazine) Homegrown Fuels Podcast Episode 13. Sen. Tom Daschle earned the nickname Dasch-ahol for his gasohol advocacy. He served as South Dakota’s Representative beginning in 1978 in the midst of the gasohol craze, and was elected to the Senate

Read Full Article

EPA Proposes to Block California’s Heavy-Duty Truck Rule for Out-of-State Vehicles

(Advanced Clean Tech News) The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) recently announced it is proposing to disapprove California’s heavy-duty vehicle inspection and maintenance requirements as they apply to vehicles not registered in the state, including out-of-state and foreign-registered trucks. The EPA

Read Full Article

Bio Friends and Cheongmyeong Sign MOU to Build Korea's First Commercial-Scale Biogas-Based Methanol Production Plant

(Bio Friends) On August 22nd, Biofriends Inc. (CEO WonJun Cho), a clean fuel and renewable energy production company, and Cheongmyeong Co., Ltd. (CEO MinSu Na), a leading K-biogas company, signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) to build Korea's first commercial-scale biogas-based

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to Bioenergy Integration in Renewable Energy Systems

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)Integrating bioenergy is essential for flexible renewable energy systems, addressing increasing demands for short- and long-term flexibility, electrification support, and carbon management. Flexible bioenergy helps resolve intraday and seasonal electricity mismatches by producing storable fuels like

Read Full Article

European Automakers Warn that Combustion Engine Ban Isn’t Possible

by James Ochoa (AutoBlog) Industry leaders urged European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen to reconsider plans for phasing out fossil fuel-powered vehicles by the mid-2030s. -- According to new reports published by Bloomberg and Reuters, Europe’s automotive giants are sounding the alarm, warning that

Read Full Article

Viking Line Starts to Run Vessels on Bio-LNG to Generate Compliance for Gasum’s FuelEU Maritime Pool

(Gasum)  The collaboration enables a substantial increase in compliance supply as demand for FuelEU Maritime pooling heats up towards the end of the year. Viking Line has started to run it’s two ro-ro vessels Viking Glory and Viking Grace on bio-LNG in

Read Full Article

Airbus and Air France Complete Inaugural SAF A220 Ferry Flight

(Airbus) An Air France Airbus A220 today completed its delivery flight from Airbus’ site in Mirabel to Paris powered by sustainable aviation fuel (SAF). This marked a significant step forward: Airbus in Canada directly issued official sustainability credentials for SAF to a

Read Full Article

Harnessing Feedstock Diversity for Sustainable Aviation Fuel Production

by Paul Ticehurst (Johnson Matthey/Energy Connects) Relying on a single feedstock for Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) production is not a realistic option. The amount of SAF needed for the aviation sector to meet the growing number of mandates and targets globally

Read Full Article

Fuel Switch Snapshot: B100 Only Makes Sense between EU Ports

(Engine) Rotterdam’s regulation-adjusted B100 remains attractive; B100 continues to be priced out in Singapore; LBM a top choice for dual-fuel vessels  --  ... In Singapore, B100 is still far from affordable. That is partly because it is only offered by a few suppliers with

Read Full Article

U.S. Senators Tina Smith, Todd Young Reintroduce Bipartisan Legislation to Help Farmers, Analyze Long-Term Soil Health

(Office of Senator Tina Smith (D-MN)) U.S. Senators Tina Smith (D-MN) and Todd Young (R-IN) reintroduced bipartisan legislation that will help bolster soil research and improve agricultural resilience and productivity in the Midwest and across the country. Experts estimate that American

Read Full Article

Minister O’Brien Publishes Ireland’s First Sustainable Aviation Fuel Policy Roadmap

(Ireland Department of Transport)  Minister for Transport Darragh O’Brien has today published Ireland’s first Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) Policy Roadmap, as committed to under the Programme for Government. The aviation sector faces a particular challenge to decarbonise. The development and deployment of

Read Full Article

GCMD Trials Show Promise of Tracers in Combating Marine Biofuel Fraud

(Globle Centre for Maritime Decarbonization) - Three tracer technologies were deployed in six supply chain trials under real-world commercial conditions, without disrupting operational practices or compromising fuel quality.  - Among the tracer candidates trialled, the organic tracer emerged as the most

Read Full Article

Petrobras Advances in Contracting to Build the First BioQAV and Renewable Diesel Plant

(Petrobras (Google Translation))  A tender has been announced for the first package of contracts for the unit to be installed at RPBC (Cubatão, SP) -- Petrobras has initiated the contracting process to build the first plant dedicated to the production of BioQAV (or SBC,

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to Land Use for Bioenergy: Synergies and Trade-offs

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Bioenergy is crucial for GHG reduction but raises sustainability concerns, particularly with dedicated energy crops. Research identified 427 observations of synergies, trade-offs, or no effect, with context-specific factors like previous land use and feedstock influencing outcomes.

Read Full Article

CORSIA, Upgraded: A Flyer’s Guide to SAF & LCAF (with Real Perks)

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Welcome aboard Flight CORSIA 101, non-stop from Fossilville to SAFtown. We’re routing you through three ICAO manuals (sustainability criteria, default LCE values, and actual LCE methodology) that arrived in their shiny 2025 versions, and we’ll get you

Read Full Article

What are the Advanced Alternatives to Ethanol?

by Arunangshu Das (Indian Express) ... Although biofuel has emerged as a promising alternative to fossil fuels in transition to renewable energy, discussions are also going on about the alternatives to ethanol, such as Butanol and acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) mixtures, which are considered superior

Read Full Article

Liquid Sun Launches eSAF Production Pilot – with ABB, Finnair, Fortum, and Finavia

(Finnair)  The pilot aims to establish a functioning ecosystem and value chain for synthetic fuel production in Finland. The EU’s sustainable aviation fuel (eSAF) blending mandate creates an opportunity for Finland to become a significant producer of synthetic fuels in the

Read Full Article

Philippines: D&L Mulls Second Biodiesel Plant

by Prakash Jha (Bio Energy Times) D&L Industries, through its subsidiary Chemrez Technologies, Inc. (CTI), is moving forward with plans to build a second biodiesel plant as it anticipates stronger demand once the government lifts the suspension on higher biodiesel blend mandates,

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to Bioenergy’s Essential Role in Energy Transition

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Bioenergy is crucial for net-zero, projected to comprise nearly 20% of total energy by 2050. Its innovative role includes decarbonizing hard-to-abate sectors like aviation and shipping, with usage doubling in industry and tripling in electricity generation. Key

Read Full Article

Vanguard Renewables Welcomes New Partner to Advance Maritime Decarbonization

(Vanguard Renewables/PR Newswire) Vanguard Renewables, a leading provider of environmental services and Renewable Natural Gas (RNG), has announced a commercial partnership with the CMA CGM Group (CMA CGM), a global leader in sea, land, air, and logistics solutions, designed to support

Read Full Article

Petrobras to Launch SAF Production This Year

by Fábio Couto (International Valor)  State-run oil company to supply locally made sustainable aviation fuel and explore new technologies -- Petrobras is preparing to launch production of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), a key component of its renewable energy portfolio. The state-controlled company

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to New Zealand’s Bioenergy Policy Dynamics

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  New Zealand, despite a “policy-lite” government, is experiencing a “perfect storm” for bioenergy due to high carbon prices and global mandates. This has spurred a focus on hard-to-abate sectors like aviation and marine, with newsworthy initiatives

Read Full Article

Biofuels, Agriculture Link Key to India’s Auto Industry Growth: Gadkari

(Knowledge and News Network/KNN India) At Pune’s World Biofuel Day celebrations hosted by Praj Industries, Union Transport Minister Nitin Gadkari outlined a bold vision for India’s automotive sector.  He said the industry could become the largest in the world within the next

Read Full Article

Centre Issues Concern over Ethanol Levies by State Governments

(Team Asianet Newsable/MSN) Serious concerns have been raised by the Government of India regarding the imposition of additional levies on ethanol by the states of Punjab, Haryana, and Himachal Pradesh. The Union Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas has urged these

Read Full Article

Britain Will Not Bail out Bioethanol Industry Hit by Trump Trade Deal

by James Davey (Reuters) UK-US trade deal removed UK tariffs on US ethanol; UK government says aid would not provide value for taxpayer; AB Foods confirms closure of Vivergo plant; AB Foods says UK government decision 'deeply regrettable'; Ensus talking to government to secure ongoing

Read Full Article

NFU Long-Term Asks on Bioethanol Taken Forward in Government Review

(NFU)  The promise of a consultation on how low carbon fuels are rewarded under the Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation, potentially leading to the crop cap being removed, and the exploration of moving beyond E10 fuels are key among the changes the

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to Policy for a Circular Bioeconomy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Policies are critical for deploying sustainable bioenergy effectively within a circular bioeconomy, a newsworthy concept combining regulatory and promotional elements across sectors. The core innovation lies in smartly integrating biomass with wind and solar, using biomass

Read Full Article

Methanol and Ammonia Progressing Rapidly as Zero-Emission Shipping Fuels, but Extra Push Needed to Scale

(Global Maritime Forum)  • New report on the status of zero-emission shipping fuels finds that methanol is now ready for low-carbon operation and ammonia is now ready for piloting. Significant progress has been made since the report’s first edition in 2020, with

Read Full Article

The Iowa Model of Energy Produced at Home Is One All of America Should Copy | Opinion

by Jason Grumet (American Clean Power Association/Des Moines Register)  Iowa has claimed the No. 1 spot in America for energy competitiveness, leaping from fourth place in just one year. While not rich in oil and gas reserves, Iowa has developed significant ethanol and

Read Full Article

EC Begins Public Consultation on Biotech Act DEADLINE November 10, 2025

by Lynn L. Bergeson and Carla N. Hutton (Bergeson & Campbell)  The European Commission (EC) began a public consultation on August 4, 2025, on the European Biotech Act in the form of an online questionnaire. According to the EC, the aim is to

Read Full Article

UK Biodiesel Industry Calls for Urgent Action from Ministers to Save Sector

(Renewable Transport Fuel Association/Biobased Diesel Daily)  Britain’s biodiesel sector is facing a major crisis that is putting hundreds of British jobs at risk, warned the Renewable Transport Fuel Association Aug. 12.   Industry leaders are calling for urgent talks with ministers to

Read Full Article

Maritime Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Adopting LNG, Biofuels Stressed as Alternatives

(New Age Bangladesh) Academicians and other speakers on Tuesday at a discussion emphasised adopting Liquefied Natural Gas and biofuel to curb greenhouse gas emissions from the maritime vessels. Addressing a workshop titled ‘Reducing emissions, sailing forward: decarbonising Bangladesh’s maritime industry’, they stressed

Read Full Article

Trump Threatens to Use Tariffs to Derail Global Climate Measure: The Administration Is Escalating Its Attacks against a Carbon Tax for Shipping Emissions.

By Sara Schonhardt (E&E News Climatewire)  The Trump administration is preparing to use tariffs and travel bans as reprisals against countries that support an upcoming agreement to put fees on shipping pollution. Those moves, outlined in an email to POLITICO’s E&E News,

Read Full Article

Global Bunker Fuel Quality Holds Steady as Biofuel Blends Gain Momentum

(Lloyd's Register) LR’s latest FOBAS Fuel Insight report highlights broadly steady fuel quality with particular issues around high sediments and chemical contamination, and an increased use of biofuel blends with developments in energy-content measurement. -- Global bunker fuel quality remained resilient in

Read Full Article

The Plan to Turn the Caribbean’s Glut of Sargassum Into Biofuel

by Edith Gonzalez Cruz (Wired)  With record-breaking quantities of the seaweed set to hit Mexico’s beaches, experts propose converting it into biogas and construction materials, as well as using it to underwrite carbon credits. -- In the Caribbean, summer is supposed to be

Read Full Article

NSW Gov’t Funds $650K Hydrogen Safety Research at University of Wollongong

by Kate B. (Australian Manufacturing) The NSW Government has announced a $650,000 grant to the University of Wollongong (UOW) to lead a two-year research project aimed at improving hydrogen pipeline safety, bolstering the Illawarra’s role in the nation’s emerging hydrogen industry. Minister

Read Full Article

Republicans Look to Make a U-Turn on Federal Commitment to Electric Vehicles for the Postal Service

by Susan Haigh (Associated Press) A year after being lauded for its plan to replace thousands of aging, gas-powered mail trucks with a mostly electric fleet, the U.S. Postal Service is facing congressional attempts to strip billions in federal EV funding. In June, the

Read Full Article

New ISCC Working Group: Chemical Analytics of Feedstocks

(International Sustainability and Carbon Certification) We have established a new technical working group called “Chemical Analytics of Feedstocks” with the goal of strengthening the integrity of certified supply chains through scientifically sound analytical tools. Objective of the Working Group The group’s main goal is to characterise high-risk feedstocks, starting with Used

Read Full Article

Working on 10% Biofuel Blending with Diesel: Nitin Gadkari

(Financial Express) Union minister Nitin Gadkari pushes for 10% biofuel blending in diesel using isobutanol, citing surplus crops, higher farm incomes, and ethanol’s success. Praj Industries launches BioVerse to boost India’s bio-economy, linking stakeholders from feedstock to engine applications. Union minister for

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to Global Sustainable Aviation Fuel Development and Challenges

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) The evolving regulatory landscape, including global SAF mandates (e.g., India’s 1% by 2025, UK’s 10% by 2030), is driving SAF development. Key challenges are high cost (1.5-6x conventional fuel), scaling production, infrastructure, and sustainable feedstock. ICARUS

Read Full Article

Southwest Airlines Sells Renewable Fuels Unit to Conestoga Energy - Report

(Investing.com/AI)  Southwest Airlines Co. sold its renewable fuels unit to Conestoga Energy as the carrier reduces its climate initiatives after years of limited industry progress, Bloomberg News reported on Thursday. Conestoga Energy, a major low-carbon intensity biofuel provider, said it purchased Saffire Renewables

Read Full Article

Paper: Decarbonize Agriculture by Expanding Policies Aimed at Low-Carbon Biofuels

by Diana Yates (University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign)  A team of agricultural economists, environmental scientists and policy experts envisions a path toward a carbon-neutral agricultural future by expanding the reach of policies designed to promote low-carbon biofuels for transportation and aviation. In

Read Full Article

In 2025, Ethanol Isn’t Just a Climate Story—It’s a Plan for Rural Growth

by Andrea Kent (Renewable Industries Canada/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  ...   In 2024, U.S., ethanol exports reached an impressive 1.9 billion gallons with over a third destined for Canada. These figures represent more than mere statistics; they demonstrate how our cross-border partnership fulfills

Read Full Article

From Pain Points to Best Practices: Improving Government Fleet Specifications for Zero-Emission Vehicles

by JoAnne Golden, Bradley Northup, Eric Winterset (Advanced Clean Tech News) ... We know from our meeting at ACT that creating equipment specifications is a painful process for government fleets. And we also know that equipment suppliers generally struggle in

Read Full Article

Truck OEMs Challenge Clean Truck Partnership in Federal Court

(Advanced Clean Tech News) Four of the nation’s largest heavy-duty truck makers have filed a lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of California, challenging the California Air Resources Board (CARB) and Governor Gavin Newsom’s ability to enforce certain state

Read Full Article

Farms and Fuels Alliance Celebrates Ontario Government's Commitment to Homegrown Ethanol Industry and Rural Jobs

(Farms and Fuels Alliance/Business Wire) he Farms and Fuels Alliance (FFA) today applauded the Ontario government's decision to introduce Canadian content requirements to ethanol, a critical move that will strengthen the province's agricultural sector, secure thousands of Ontario jobs, and ensure

Read Full Article

Gasum Provides Bio-LNG for the First Completely Carbon Neutral Shipping Route on the Baltic Sea Run by Wasaline

(Gasum) Wasaline’s vessel sailing between Finland and Sweden will run solely on Gasum’s liquefied biogas going forward. -- Nordic energy company Gasum and Finnish shipping company Wasaline have agreed that Gasum will provide only liquefied biogas (bio-LNG) to Wasaline’s vessel Aurora Botnia going forward.

Read Full Article
Nearly 55,000 articles in our online library!

Use the categories and tags listed below to access the nearly 50,000 articles indexed on this website.

Our Sponsors
FREE Subscription! Advanced Biofuels USA events calendar; policy and actions; education newsletters
Donate
ARCHIVES
CATEGORIES
tags
Advanced Clean Fleets Rule 100 octane 100% SAF (Sustainable Aviation Fuel) 103 octane 105 octane 108 octane 109 octane 110 octane 113 octane 119 octane 2016 US House and Senate Campaigns 2016 US Presidential Campaign 2018 US Senate and House Campaigns Other Election Activities 2020 Election 2022 Election 2022 US Senate and House Campaign 2024 Election 2025 Elections 2nd generation biofuels 3-D 3D printing 3rd generation biofuels 4-H 40A Biodiesel and Renewable Diesel Tax Incentive 40B Sustainable Aviation Fuel Tax Credit 45Q Carbon Oxide Sequestration Tax Credit 45V Hydrogen Production Tax Credit 45X Advanced Manufacturing Production Tax Credit 45Z Clean Fuel Production Tax Credit 48C Advanced Energy Project Tax Credit 4th generation fuels 7% solution 81 Octane 84 octane 85 octane 87 octane 88 octane 89 octane 90 octane 91 octane 92 octane 93 octane 94 octane 95 octane 96 octane 98 octane A20 (20% methanol/bioethanol) abatement abu Abu Dhabi acacia acai seeds acetate acetic acid acetone acid acid hydrolysis adaptive evolution additional carbon additionality adequate/inadequate domestic supply Administrative Procedure Act adsorption Advanced Biofuel Payment Program advanced biofuel prices Advanced biofuels advanced biofuels production Advanced Clean Cars II Rule (ACC and ACCII) Advanced Clean Trucks Rule advanced ethanol advanced ethanol tax credit advertising campaign aerobic digestion aerosols Affordable Clean Energy Program (ACE) afforestation Afghanistan Africa AGARDA (Agriculture Advanced Research and Development Authority) agave aggregation Agricultural Conservation Easement Program (ACEP) agricultural economics Agricultural Policy Agricultural waste/residue Agriculture agrivoltaic/agrovoltaic agroforestry agrofuels agronomy Air Force air pollution control Air Pollution Policy air quality Aircraft engine emissions airports Alabama Alaska Albania albedo Alberta albizia alcohol fuel cells alcohol fuels alcohol-to-diesel alcohol-to-jet (ATJ)/ethanol-to-jet (ETJ) alfalfa algae algae contamination algae cultivation algae extraction algae harvesting algae parity algae separation algal biofuels Algeria Algiers alkaline exchange membrane (AEM) alkanes alkenes alkylate alligator fat almond almond hulls shells alternative energy vehicles alternative fuels Alternative Fuels Credit alternative fuels excise tax credit Alternative Fuels Tax Credit (AFTC) aluminum Amazon American Le Mans Series (ALMS) ammonia ammonia fiber explosion (AFEX) ammonia fuel cell ammonia price ammonia terminal ammonia-fueled aircraft amylose anaerobic digestate anaerobic digester/digestion and Energy Use in Transportation Model Angola anhydrous ethanol animal bedding animal fat animal feed animal waste Antactica Antarctica antibiotics antitrust apple Appropriations APR (Aqueous Phase Reforming) aquaculture aquatic organisms Arabidopsis arabinose ARCA Archaea Architecture Arctic Argentian Argentiina Argentina Arizona Arkansas Armenia Army Corps of Engineers aromatics aromatics price ARPA-C ARPA-E ARPA-Terra arrandi artificial intelligence Aruba Asia Asia Pacific asphalt/bitumen ASTM ASTM 6866 ASTM D1655 ASTM D2880 ASTM D396 ASTM D4054 ASTM D4806 Denatured fuel ethanol ASTM D4814 ASTM D5798 ASTM D6751 ASTM D7467 (B6-B20) ASTM D7544 ASTM D7566 (Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuel Containing Synthesized Hydrocarbons) ASTM D7862 ASTM D7875 ASTM D7901 (DME-Dimethyl Ether for Fuel Purposes) ASTM D8076 ASTM D8181 ASTM D975 ASTM E3050 Denatured Ethanol for Cooking ASTM E3146 ASTM standards ASTM WK55232 (D02) ASTM WK63392 ATJ-SPK (Alcohol to Jet Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene) Atlantic Canada atmosphere Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) Australia Australian pine Austria Auto manufacturer automotive aviation aviation fuel (SAF) benefits aviation fuel (SAF) mandates aviation fuel (SAF) price aviation fuel (SAF) production aviation fuel (SAF) pumps/delivery aviation fuel (SAF) tax credit aviation fuel (SAF) terminal Aviation Fuel/Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) Aviation Gasoline/AvGas avocado award awards/recognition Azerbaijan. b B0 B10 B100 B100 pumps B11 B12 B12.5 B13 B14 B15 B16 B17 B19 B2 B20 B24 B25 B3 B30 B30RD10 B33 B35 B4 B40 B49 B5 B50 B50RD50 B6 B60 B7 B70 B75 B8 B80 B98 B99 Babados nut tree babassu bacteria bagasse Bahamas Bahrain bamboo banana banana stems Bangladesh bankruptcy Barbados barge barley barley fiber barley protein barley straw Basque batteries Battery Electric Vehicles (BEV) bauxite beauty leaf tree beaver beer bees Belarus Belgium Belize Benin benzene Bermuda Bhutan big bluestem big data Big Food Big Oil/Oil Majors BIGoil billion ton study bio Bio LPG (Bio Liquid Petroleum Gas) bio-based diesel benefits bio-based economy Bio-CNG pumps Bio-CNG/RNG terminal bio-LNG (Liquified Natural Gas) Bio-LNG Pumps (Liquified Natural Gas) Bio-LNG terminal bio-natural gas bio-NGV (natural gas for vehicles) bio-oil/pyrolysis oil bio-SPK (bio derived synthetic paraffinic kerosene) biobased Biobased Market Access and Development Grants Biobased Markets Program biobased materials Biobased Product Manufacturing Assistance Program biochar biochemical conversion BioChemicals/Renewable Chemicals biociiesel bioconversion Biocrude/Green Crude/SynCrude biodegradable biodiesel biodiesel blend wall biodiesel EN 14214 Biodiesel Fuel Education Program biodiesel pipeline biodiesel prices biodiesel production biodiesel pumps biodiesel quality biodiesel standards biodiesel tax credit biodiesel technologies biodiesel terminal biodiversity bioeconomy bioelectricity bioelectrochemical conversion bioenergy Bioenergy Program for Advanced Biofuels Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS) biofoundry Biofuel biofuel cells biofuel consumption Biofuel Crops biofuel distribution Biofuel Infrastructure Partnership (BIP) biofuel producer tax credit biofuel production biofuel tax credit biofuel terminal Biofuels Directive biofuels education Biogas Biogas pipeline Biogasoline/Renewable Gasoline Biogasoline/Renewable Gasoline pumps biogenic carbon biogenic emissions Bioheat biohydrocarbons biohydrogen BioIsoprene BioMADE biomanufacturing biomass Biomass Carbon Removal and Storage (BiCRS) Biomass Crop Assistance Program (BCAP) biomass hydrolysis biomass recalcitrance Biomass Research and Development initiative (BRDI) biomass sorghum Biomass to Liquid (BTL) biomass transportation biomaterials bioplastics biopower BioPreferred bioproducts biopropene bioprospecting BioRefineries/Renewable Fuel Production Biorefinery Assistance Program (BAP) old 9003 Biorefinery Renewable Chemical Biobased Product Mfgr Assistance 9003 Program BioRenewable-1 (BR-1) BioSNG Biotechnology birch bitter orange black carbon black grease black liquor black locust black soldier fly Blend wall blender blender pumps Blenders Credit blending blendstock blockchain blue carbon boat fuel boiler/furnace fuel Bolivia bolt-on Bonaire bonds book-and-claim border tax Borneo Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana BQ-9000 Brachiaria bracken brackish water brash Brassica Brazil breadfruit/ulu breweries brine British Columbia broker brown grease brownfields Brunei Btu's BTX (Benzene Toluene Xylene) Bu12.5 Bu16 Budget building block chemicals Bulgaria bunker bunker oil Bureau of Land Management (BLM) Burkina Faso Burma Burundi buses Business and Industry Program (B&I) business law business resources Business/General Aviation butadiene butandeiol (bio-BDO) Butane butanediol butanol emissions butanol/biobutanol butyl acetate butylene butyric acid by c C1 C2 C21 C3 sugar C4 grasses C5 sugar C6 sugar Cabo Verde cactus cactus pear cagaita calibration California California Air Resources Board (CARB) Calophyllum hawthorn Cambodia Camelina camels Cameroon Canad Canada Canary Islands canary reed grass canarygrass candle nut cannabis canola straw Canola/Rapeseed cap-and-invest cap-and-trade capybara capybras carbohydrates carbon carbon capture and storage (CCS) carbon capture and utilization (CCU) carbon cost carbon credit carbon credit markets carbon cycle carbon debt Carbon Dioxide (CO2) carbon efficiency carbon emissions carbon fiber carbon insets Carbon Intensity (CI)/Carbon Footprint carbon life cycle carbon markets Carbon Monoxide (CO) carbon negative carbon neutrality carbon offsets carbon pipeline carbon price carbon recycling carbon removal carbon sink carbon standard carbon tax Carbon tax border adjustments carbon tax-and-dividend carbon terminal carbon user fee Carbon Utilization and Biogas Education Program carbon-14 testing carbon-efficient fuels carbon/CO2 sequestration carcinogens cardoon Caribbean carinata carinata/brassica carinata carob CAS Registry cashew cashew apple Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) CASI Cassava cassava price cassava pulp cassava stalk castor bean castor stalk catalysis catalysts catalytic decarboxylation catalytic hydrothermal conversion catalytic hydrothermal conversion-to-jet (CHCJ) catalytic hydrothermal gasification catalytic hydrothermolysis jet CHJ pathway cattails cattle cavitation CBD (cannabidiol) CBG (compressed biogas) cell culturing cellulase enzymes cellulose cellulosic biofuel Cellulosic biomass cellulosic diesel Cellulosic ethanol cellulosic ethanol price cellulosic feedstock cellulosic production tax credit cellulosic sugars Cellulosic Tax Credit cellulosic waiver credit cement Central African Republic Central America Certificate Program Certificates of Origin (COs) certification certification fuels cesium cetane Chad change in soil condition charging stations CHCJ-5 chemical-looping hydrogen method Chesapeake Bay chicken feathers chickens Chile Chili China chitin chp chromium chufa/cyperus esculents/nutsedge CIA circular economy citrus citrus greening disease Citrus Peel clean air Clean Air Act (CAA) clean diesel Clean Fuel Standard/Policy (CFS) Clean Heat Standards Clean Power Plan (CPP) Clean Trucks Plan Clean Water Act climate change Climate Change Adaptation climate change effects climate change mitigation climate legislation climate smart/modern/conservation agriculture closed-loop system Clostridium thermocellum cloud point clover cmelina CNG Conversion kit co co-generation co-location Co-op Extension co-operative co-processing co-products CO2 Electrolysis CO2 neutral fuels CO2Removal Certificates (CORCs) coal Coal and Biomass to Liquid (CBTL) Coast Guard coastal habitat conservation coastal hay cobalt cock's foot coco coco methyl ester (CME) cocoa cocoa husks Coconut coffee coffee cherries coffee grounds coffee pulp cold flow cold-tolerance college/university Colombia Colorado combined heat and power (CHP) Comment Request commercial flights commercialization commissioning commo Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) commodity trading common reed Community activity community college Community involvement/engagement community scale Community Wood Energy Program competition compliance compliance credits compost Compressed Natural Gas (CNG/R-CNG/bioCNG) compression ratios compression-ignition engine computer simulation concrete condensate Congo Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Congressional Review Act Connecticut Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP) construction and demolition waste/debris consumer education contamination contest contrails conversion technology Cook Islands cook stoves cooking fuel cooperatives COP21 COP22 COP23 COP24 COP25 COP26 COP27 COP28 COP29 COP30 copper coppice CORCs (CO2 Removal Certificates) cordgrass corn bran Corn cobs corn ethanol corn fiber corn growers corn harvest corn kernel corn meal corn oil corn oil/distillers corn oil (DCO) corn prices corn stalks corn stover corn supply corn surplus corn syrup corn-based products corn/maize Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards corporate social responsibility corrosion corruption CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) cosmetics Costa Rica cotton cotton seed hulls cotton seed oil cotton stalk cottonwood Council on Environmental Quality county cover crops cow rumen cracking Crambe crassulacean acid metabolism plants (CAM) crimes criteria pollutants Croatia crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude lignin oil (CLO) crude oil Cruise Ships Cuba cup plant cuphea currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cusi Customs and Border Protection cutworm caterpillars cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) cylindro Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs d-5 D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D20 (20%DME) D5 (5%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA date kernel oil date palm date palm pits date palm waste Dates DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act deficit definitions deforestation defossilization Dehydration Delaware DeltaWing demonstration demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify density Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security Department of Justice Department of Labor Department of the Interior Department of Transportation (DOT) depolymerization depots dextrose dfdsffsfdfsf diatoms diesel Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) diesel fuel blendstock diesel prices Diesel R5 diesel with renewables diesel-range hydrocarbons diesel-to-biodiesel conversion diethyl ether digital Digital Biology diisobutylene (DIB) dilute acid hydrolysis pretreatment DIN 51605 DIN EN 15376 (Ethanol blending component) direct air capture direct injection direct ocean capture Direct Sugar to Hydrocarbon Conversion (DSHC) direct-to-fuel directed evolution dispense distillates distillation distilled biodiesel distilled palm methyl ester (DPME) distilleries distributed/centralized distribution distribution capacity distribution waiver diversification divestment DME/rDME (dimethyl ether)/renewable DME DMF (2.5-dimethylfuran) Dominican Republic double cropping drawdown Drones/Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) drop-in biofuels/hydrocarbons drought drought tolerant drought-resistant dry ice dual cropping dual-fuel/flex fuel ships Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E100 E100 conversion kit E11 E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E2 E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E3 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E70 diesel E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency egg shell Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric Vehicle (EV) Prices electric grid electricity electricity price electricity/power generation electricity/power transmission electrocatalysis electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels (e-fuels) electrofuels (e-fuels) prices electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) electrons Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants embargo eminent domain emissions emissions standards EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 EN 228 EN 590 EN228 (standard pump gasoline) end user end-of-life Endangered Species Act (ESA) Energy Bill energy cane energy consumption energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy prices energy reserves Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine Development engine problems Engine/Fuel Co-optimization engineering England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment environmental impact study (EIS) environmental justice/socially inclusive environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Environmentalists Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic depolymerization enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling Enzyme solicitation enzymes EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) Equatorial Guinea equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia Eswatini/Swaziland ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) etha ethane ethanol ethanol benefits ethanol blend wall ethanol blended diesel ED ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol emissions ethanol ether diesel fuel ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol to gas ethanol tolerance ethanol-fueled aircraft Ethanol-to-Gasoline (ETG) ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/diesel ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethyl levulinate (EL) ethylbenzene ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order executive order--state Extended Range Electric Vehicle (EREV) externalities extremophiles f F Factor F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farmers farming farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation Feedstocks fermentation ferry fertilizer fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) Fischer-Tropsch/FT fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources Forest Service forestry forklifts Formate formic acid fossil carbon fossil fuel Frace fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud free fatty acids (FFA) Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon gallium Gambia games gas prices gas tax/highway user fee gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gasoline-range hydrocarbons Gemany General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Gerrmany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) Intensity giant cane giant kelp Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect Global South global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grain sorghum/milo grain speculators grains GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery green/black economy Greenland GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala Guava Seed guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Guinea Bissau Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP gypsum h Haiti Halophytes harvest site processing harvesting Hawai'i hay hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ HDO-SAK (hydro deoxygenated synthetic aromatic kerosene) health health benefits health effects heat of combustion heat of vaporization heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) high octane low carbon (HOLC) fuel High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 HVO20 HVO30 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrid ships hybrids hydrocarbon fuels Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydroformylation hydrogen aircraft hydrogen carrier hydrogen combustion engines hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen internal combustion engines hydrogen leaks hydrogen pipeline hydrogen pumps/fueling stations hydrogen tax credit hydrogen terminal Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Price hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogenolysis hydropower Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal gasification hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois Illiois illuppai ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indian beech tree Indian grass Indiana indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial burners industrial ethanol industrial gases industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated biorefineries integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine (ICE) internal combustion engine (ICE)/gasoline engine ban International international balance of payments International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Sustainability and Carbon Certification model(ISCC) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit Invvesting ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron iron oxide IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISB10 isobutanol ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isobutylene isomerisation isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica jamelão Japan jatobá Jatropha Jersey Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 jet B Jetfuel (Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs Joint Office of Energy and Transportation jojoba Jordan JP-10 JP-4 JP-5/NATO F-44 JP-8/NATO F-34 juniper Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kalanchoe kamani Kans grass Kansas Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati knotweed Knowledge Discovery Framework Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kulpa kusum Kuwait Kygryzstan labels labor policy Labrador lactic acid lactose Lake County lamp oil land ownership land prices land rights land subsidence land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy landfill methane Landfills landscape Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead Leadtree leaf ant Lebanon lecithin legislation Legislation-Federal Legislation-State lemna lend-lease Lesotho lesquerella leucaena levulinic acid Liberia Libya licensing lichens life cycle analysis (LCA) light rail lignin Lignin Ethanol Oil (LEO) Lignocellulosic Biofuel lignocellulosic sugars lime Lipid liquefaction liquid liquid petroleum gas (LPG) liquid transportation fuels liquidation Liquified Biogas (LBG) Liquified Biogas (LBG) pumps liquified biomethane (LBM) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logistics long-term contracts Louis Louisiana low c low carbon emissions low carbon octane standard (LCOS) Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel low sulfur fuel low sulfur marine fuel LSMGO (Low Sulfur Marine Gas Oil) lubricants lumber mill Luxembourg lysis M100 M15 M3 M50 ma macadamia macauba Macedonia machine learning machinery macororo Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona management changes mandates mangaba manganese mango mangrove Manitoba mannose manure maple maps marginal land marine algae Marine Corps Marine Diesel Oil (MDO) Marine Fuel Oil Marine Gas Oil (MGO) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) price Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel Terminal Marine/maritime renewable fuel terminal/bunkering market forces market share marketing markets/sales Mars Marshall Islands Maryland Masdar Institute mass balance standard Massachusetts Master Limited Partnership (MLP) Mauritania Mauritius Mazda meat mechanics training medical waste MEEC membranes mergers and acquisitions mesquite methanation methane leaks methane/biomethane methanization methanol benefits methanol fuel cells methanol hybrid methanol price Methanol-to-Gasoline Methanol-to-Jet (MTJ-SPK) Methanol/Biomethanol/Renewable Methanol methylbutenol Mexico Michelin GreenX Challenge Michigan micro-crop microalgae microbial electrosynthesis microbiology microorganisms/microbes microwave Mid-Atlantic Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military reserves military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels milk permeate millennium fruit millet millettia pinnata milo stover mineralization minerals mining Minn Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold Moldova molinia molybdenum MON (Motor Octane Number) Monaco Mongolia mongongo monitoring/measuring reporting verifiction (MRV) Montana Montenegro moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles motors MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES2014 MOVES3 (MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator model) Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed mvr Myanmar n-butanol n-butene nahar Namibia nano nano particles nanocatalysts nanocellulose nanomaterials naphtha/bionaphtha/renewable naphtha naphthene NASCAR National Academies of Science National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) National Energy Council National Environmental Policy Act National Guard National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Laboratory National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Oilheat Research Alliance National Park Service National Research Council National Science Foundation (NSF) national security National Security Council National Transportation Safety Board National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) Native American/American Indian/First Nation Tribes natural gas Natural Gas Act natural gas input natural gas prices natural gas vehicles natural gasoline Navy Nebraska neem negative carbon emissions NEN 7427-1 neodymium Nepal net energy balance Netherlands Nevada New Brunswick new fuel approval New Guinea New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New South Wales New York New Zealand Newfoundland Newfoundland and Labrador next generation biofuels next generation vehicles NHRA drag racing Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrogen starvation nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota North Korea Northeast northern catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory Northwest Territories Norwary Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds nuclear Nunavut nut shells nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition oak oat hulls oat straw oats Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) Office of Science Technology and Policy (OSTP) Offices of Inspector Generals offtake agreements Ohio oil oil embargo oil exploration oil monopoly oil p oil price parity oil prices oil production oil refineries oil replacement oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil speculators oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes oil/gas terminals Oilcane Oils Oklahoma olefins oligomerization olive cake olive oil olive pits olive pomace olive water olives Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm ammonia production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing on-site hydrogen production one p one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontaio Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) open fuel standard open pond opportunity zones optimized flex fuel vehicles orange peel orchard grass orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) osage orange OSHA Overseas Private Investment Corporation overview overview/survey course owa oxygen oxygenate ozone Pakistan Palau palm palm biomass palm fatty acid distillate palm fiber palm fronds palm kernel palm kernel oil palm kernel shell palm oil Palm Oil Methyl Ester (PME) palm oil mill effluent (POME) palm oil prices palm trunk sap palm waste Paludiculture/peatland cultivation Panama pandas panic grass papaya paper Papua Indonesia Papua New Guinea paraffins Paraguay Paris Agreement parity partial waiver particulates pasture land Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) patents pathways Paulownia paulownia tree payments peach shell peaches peak oil peak oil demand peanuts/groundnuts peas pectin peela kaner pellet pellets Pennsylvania pennycress/stinkweed pentane pentanol pentose pequi perennial grains perennial grasses Performance permitting Peru pest-tolerance pesticide-tolerance pests pet food petition petroleum pharmaceuticals phase separation Philippines phosphorus photobioreactor photoelectrocatalysis photoelectrochemical photolysis photosynthesis phragmites pigeon pea pilot pilot scale pine pine beetle pine needles pine nut pineapple Pineapple leaf pinion Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Admin (PHMSA) pipelines Pistacia chinensis PLA plant cell research plant cell walls plant oil plastic plastic-to-jet platinum Plug-in Flex Fuel Hybrid Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) plume grass Poand podcasts Poland poli Policy politics pollinators pollution pollution control polyethylene polyfuel polymer polymerization polysaccharides pomace pomegranates pongamia pongamia pinnata poplar poppy population control Portable refinery Portugal poster sessions potamogeton potassium potato poultry litter/waste power power-to-x/gas/liquid prairie grasses pre-processing precision farming/agriculture precursors/biointermediates premium gasoline Pretreatment pretreatment equipment price price of water prickly pear Prince Edward Island process flow diagram producer tax credit Production tax credit productivity project insurance propagating Propane/Biopropane/Renewable Propane propane/renewable propane pumps propanol property insurance propylene protectionism protein protests proton exchange membrane (PEM) public comments public health policy Puerto Rico pulp Pulp/Paper Mill pump retrofit kit pumps/fueling station pungam Punnai tree pyrolysis pyrolytic liquefaction Q-RIN QAP Qatar quality assurance Quality Assurance Plans (QAPs) quality improvement quantum dots Quebec Queensland quote of the week r R Factor R100/RD100 R33 R5 R95B5/RD95B5 R99/RD99 rabbits race radiata pine radish leaves Rahal Letterman Lanigan Racing railroad rain tree rainforest ranchers RAND rare earth metal/critical minerals RD10 RD100 RD15 RD20 RD3 RD30 RD40 RD50 RD55 RD80 RD80B20 RD99 reclaimed mine lands Recycled Carbon Fuel (RCF) recycled oil recycled plastics recycling red algae redcedar Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation Refined Bleached Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO) refineries reforestation Reformate regenerative braking regenerative farming Regional Conservation Partnership Program (RCPP) Regulated Emissions regulations Regulations-Federal Regulations-State Regulatory Enhancement Growth Support (REGS) Reid vapor pressure (RVP) remediation remediation rice straw Renewable Chemical renewable chemical producer tax incentive renewable chemical production tax credit renewable diesel pipelines Renewable Diesel Production renewable diesel pumps renewable diesel tax credit renewable diesel terminal Renewable Diesel/Green Diesel price Renewable Diesel/Green Diesel/HVO/Paraffinic Diesel Renewable Energy Renewable Energy Directive (RED/RED II/RED III) Renewable Energy Standard Renewable Energy to Fuels through Utilization of Energy-Dense Liquids (REFUEL) renewable fuel renewable fuel oil (RFO) Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS and RFS2) Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS2) revisions/repeal Renewable Fuels Directive (EU) renewable fuels of non-biological origin (RFNBO) renewable gasoline blendstock renewable marine diesel renewable naphtha-with-ethanol-t0-jet (NETJ) Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) price Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) pumps Renewable Portfolio Standards Renewable Power Standard Renewable Synthesized Iso-Paraffinic Fuels (SIP) Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation (RTFO) renewable volume obligation (RVO) REnova RenovaBio replacement molecules Repowering Assistance Program Republic of Congo repurpose research and development research facility resiliency resource depletion resurrection grass retail retrofit return on investment Reverse Water-gas Shift RFI (Request for Information) RFS "reset" RHD100 Rhizosphere Observations Optimizing Terrestrial Sequestration (ROOTS) Rhode Island rhododendron Ricardo rice rice bran rice bran oil rice hulls rice husks rice price rice straw/paddy straw RICO (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act) RIMPAC RINs (Renewable Identification Numbers) RINs markets RINs price risk management RJ-4 RJ-6 RME (rape methyl ester) RME180 RNA (Ribonucleic acid) RNG tax credit roadmap rocket fuel Romania RON (Research Octane Number) rosin rotation crops Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials (RSB) royalties RP-1 RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber rubber seeds rumen ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Rural Renewable Energy Pilot Program rushes Russia Russian olive rutabaga Rwanda ry rye Rye grass rye straw s saccharification SAF pipeline SAF10 SAF30 SAF40 SAFc (Sustainable Aviation Fuel certificates) Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower sago pond weed SAIC sal tree Salicornia salt water salt-tolerant saltbush saltcedar Samoa Sanctions Santa Monica sardine oil Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Advisory Board (SAB) Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) Science Policy scooters Scotland scum sea level rise seaports seashore mallow seawater seaweed cultivation Seaweed/Macroalgae second-generation biofuel income tax credit Section 526 Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) seed husks seed-to-wheel Senegal Serbia sesame sewage Seychelles shale shale gas shale oil shark oil Shea sheep shellfish shipping shipping containers shipworm siam weed Sierra Leone silage silica Silphie/cup plant/Indian cup silver silver maple simarouba Singapore Singpore sisal SK slash Slovakia Slovakia/Slovak Republic Slovenia sludge Small Business Administration Small Business Innovatin Research (SBIR) Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) Program small engines small refinery exemption (SRE) smog smokestack soap soapstock Social social benefit investing social cost social value social venture Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) soi soil soil amendments soil carbon soil health soil microbial biomass solar energy solar energy-to-chemical conversion solar fuel solar thermochemical hydrogen (STCH) solaris Solid Oxide Electrolyzer Cell (SOEC) solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) Solomon Islands Solutions solvent liquefaction Somalia soot sorghum sorghum oil sorghum price sorghum stover South Africa South America South Australia South Carolina South Dakota South Korea South Pacific South Sudan Southeast Asia Southern Africa Soviet Union SOx (Sulfur oxides) soy meal soybean hulls soybean prices soybeans Spain spartina specifications Spekboom Spent Bleaching Earth Oil (SBEO) sprawl spruce Sri Lanka Stakeholders standards start-up State Department Statistics steam explosion steam methane reformation steam reformation steel stevia stillage storage tanks Straight (pure) Vegetable Oil (SVO or PVO) stranded assets Strategic Bioenergy Reserve STrategiv Petroleum Reserve straw students su sub-Saharan Africa sub-sim (substantially similar) succinic acid sucrose Sudan sugar Sugar Beets/Energy Beets Sugar kelp sugar palm sugar platform sugar prices sugar standards sugar-to-biodiesel sugar-to-farnesane sugar-to-jetfuel sugarcane sugarcane prices sugarcane straw sugars sugars-to-fats sulfur Sumatra sunflower sunflower stalks supercritical fluid supercritical hydrolysis supply agreements supply chain Supreme Court surahart Surface Transportation Board Suriname Sustainability Swaziland Sweden sweet potatoes Sweet sorghum sweetgum swine waste Switchgrass Switzerland sycamore syngas (synthesis gas) syngas/gas fermentation SYNHH synthesised aromatic kerosene (SAK) synthetic biology synthetic diesel synthetic gasoline synthetic kerosene synthetic liquified gas (SLG) synthetic methane/e-methane synthetic natural gas Syria Tailoring Rule Taiwan Tajikistan tall fescue tall oil tallow tallow tree tamanu/nyamplung Tamarix tank cars tank-to-wheel tanker trucks tankers Tanzania tar sands tariffs taro Tasmania tax benefit tax credits tax incentives tax parity tax policy taxes tea teach teach-the-teacher teacher teacher resources teacher training tech transfer technical course Technical Readiness Levels techno-economic analysis technology transfer telephone utility poles Tennessee termites terpenes terrestrial carbon testing Texas textbook Thailand theft therapeutics Thermal catalytic depolymerization (TCD) thermal deoxygenation thermocatalytic conversion thermochemical conversion thermochemical liquefaction Tibet Tier 3 Tier 4 tilapia tillage Timor-Leste tires tobacco tobacco tree Togo Tokyo toluene Tonga tool Toronto torrefaction totai Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) trade trade dispute/discrimination trade group trade organization Trade Policy trade secrets training trains transesterification transgenics transition Transportation Fuels Policy Transportation Fuels Policy--Municipal Transportation Fuels Policy--State Transportation Policy travel policy Treasury Department trees Trinidad and Tobago triticale trucks tubers tugboats tung tunicate Tunisia Tunsia Turkey U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) UCOME (Used Cooking Oil Methyl Ester) Uganda UK (United Kingdom) UK Emission Trade Scheme (UK ETS) Ukraine Ukriane UL (Underwriters Laboratory) ULSD (ultra low sulfur diesel) Ultra Low Sulfur Fuel Oil (ULSFO) Ultra-low-carbon bioethanol underground storage tanks (UST) UNESCO UNIDO (United National Industrial Development Organization) United Arab Emirates (UAE) United Nations (UN) United Nations' International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) United States Auto Club Unleaded 88/E15 uranium urban sprawl urbanization Uruguay US Agency for International Development (USAID) US Army US ethanol exports US Geological Survey US Product Safety Commission USAC USAID USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS) used cooking oil (UCO) used motor oil used railroad ties ustain Utah utilities utility model Uzbekistan value chain Value Stack vanadium Vancouver Vanuatu Vatican VEETC (volumetric ethanol excise tax credit) vegetable oils vehicles miles traveled (VMT) Velocys Venezuela Vermont vetiver Victoria video Vietnam vinasse vinegar vineyard waste Virgin Islands. virgin oils Virginia viruses vlsfo VLSFO (very low sulfur fuel oil) volatile fatty acids (VFA) volunteers VTOL (vertical take-off and landing aircraft) Vulcanol w waiver Wales warranty Washington Washington DC waste waste alcohol Waste CO2 waste heat waste management waste oil waste paper waste vegetable oil waste-to-chemicals Waste-to-Energy waste-to-fuel wastewater water water consumption water footprint water hyacinth water policy water pollution water quality water treatment water vapor watermeal watermelon wax weather well-to-wheel West Africa West Coast West Java West Virginia Western Australia wet distillers grain wet extraction What You Can Do wheat wheat bran wheat fiber wheat prices wheat straw wheatgrass whey whisky white grease White House wildlife habitat willow wind energy wine wastage/grape marc winter crops Wisconsin Wisdonsin women Wood woody biomass World Bank World Trade Organization (WTO) Wyoming XTL xylan xylene xylose yard waste yeast yellow grease yellowhorn tree Yemen Yields Yukon Zambia Zanzibar zein zeolites zero-carbon bioethanol Zimbabwe zinc zoning

© 2008-2025 Copyright Advanced BioFuels USA. All Rights reserved.