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Brown Introduces Bill to Create Tax Credit for Biobased Chemicals

Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Sens. Sherrod Brown, D-Ohio, and Pete Ricketts, R-Neb., in August introduced the Renewable Chemicals Act, a bill that aims to create a tax credit to support the production of biobased chemicals.  The legislation, S. 4931, would

August 23, 2024 Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Net Zero Carbon Emissions by 2050, the Airlines for America Perspective

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Sean Newsum, now with Airlines for America after long service at Boeing, returns to the ABLC stage for a perspective on the path to 20250, including closing the affordability gap for SAF buyers, increasing SAF production

June 20, 2024 Read Full Article

Nebraska Governor Signs SAF Tax Credit Bill

by Cindy Zimmerman (Energy.AgWired.com)  Nebraska Gov. Jim Pillen has signed into law the establishment of a production tax credit for sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) in Nebraska. The SAF tax credit (LB937) will provide a $0.75 per gallon tax credit for the production of

April 25, 2024 Read Full Article

Emissions from Grid-Linked Green Hydrogen 'Could Be Worse than Brown H2'

by Orlando Jenkinson (Wind Power Monthly) Carbon emissions associated with planned green hydrogen projects could be higher than other forms of hydrogen production, depending on the source of electricity, according to a new report by energy consultancy WoodMackenzie. The company's ‘Over the

February 27, 2024 Read Full Article

Biofuel Sector Hopes for Sign from Feds

by Sean Pratt (Western Producer) Canada’s biofuel and oilseed sectors will be closely scrutinizing the federal government’s 2023 Fall Economic Statement. They hope the Nov. 21 statement provides some indication how Ottawa is going to respond to biofuel incentives contained in the

November 20, 2023 Read Full Article

Aemetis Biogas Closes $53 Million Sale of IRA Tax Credits

(Aemetis) Tax credits generated by investment in negative carbon intensity renewable natural gas production; additional $800 million of IRA investment and production tax credits expected in the next four years from Aemetis renewable fuel projects --  Aemetis, Inc. (NASDAQ: AMTX), a renewable natural

October 03, 2023 Read Full Article

Renewable Natural Gas From Corn Stover

by Chris Clayton (DTN Progressive Farmer) Failed Cellulosic Ethanol Plant Became North America's Largest RNG Producer -- When DuPont shut down its cellulosic ethanol plant in 2017 after years of effort and $225 million in investment, it looked like the process

June 20, 2023 Read Full Article

Aemetis RNG Production Facility Receives EPA Approval for D3 RIN Generation; LCFS Data Collection Completed and Pathway Review In Process at CARB; Six Dairy Digesters Fully Operational

(Aemetis) Operating 40-mile Biogas Pipeline, Central RNG Facility and Utility Interconnect Processes Waste Methane from California Dairy Farms into Renewable Natural Gas for Use as Carbon Negative Transportation Fuel Aemetis/Yahoo!)Aemetis, Inc.(NASDAQ: AMTX), a renewable natural gas and renewable fuels company focused

May 19, 2023 Read Full Article

Webinar: An In-Depth Look at the Transport Energy-Related Provisions of the Inflation Reduction Act

(Transport Energy Strategies)  On Demand Webinar: What Exactly Is in the IRA?  We now have a sweeping climate-energy legislation in the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) with many provisions. What does the legislation mean for transport energies such as biofuels, hydrogen,

October 06, 2022 Read Full Article

Cooper Discusses Impact of IRA, Possible Rail Strike

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) Renewable Fuels Association President and CEO Geoff Cooper on Aug. 13 discussed several current issues impacting the U.S. ethanol sector, including a possible rail strike, ahead of an event held by the White House in

September 14, 2022 Read Full Article

Biden Signs New SAF, Hydrogen, Clean Fuel Tax Credits into Law

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  President Joe Biden on Aug. 16 signed the Inflation Reduction Act into law, calling the legislation the “biggest step forward in climate—ever” and stressing it will allow the U.S. to boldly take addition steps towards

August 17, 2022 Read Full Article

Manchin, Schumer Cut Deal on Climate Spending, Including Farm Bill Funds

by Philip Brasher (Agri-Pulse)  Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer announced an agreement  with Sen. Joe Manchin on a narrow reconciliation bill that would provide $369 billion in climate-related provisions, including more than $20 billion for farm bill conservation assistance and additional incentives

July 28, 2022 Read Full Article

Iowa Soybean Farmers, Biodiesel Producers Urge Action to Expand Biofuels Access

(Iowa Biodiesel Board/Biobased Diesel Daily) The Iowa Soybean Association and Iowa Biodiesel Board are urging the passage of House File 2128, also known as the Governor’s Biofuel Access Bill. It would improve access to and incentivize the production of homegrown biodiesel

February 02, 2022 Read Full Article

Reinventing the Battery Can Save Us From Climate Disaster

by Thor Benson (Daily Beast/Yahoo!)  ... Hydrogen fuel cells—which aren’t electric batteries themselves but can work in lieu of them without the need to recharge—are another potential solution to the intermittency problem. These types of fuel cells, according to Sadoway (Donald Sadoway,

December 13, 2021 Read Full Article

Crapo, Whitehouse, Reed, Panetta Introduce Legislation to Encourage Innovation in the Clean Energy Sector

(Office of Senator Mike Crapo (R-Idaho)) According to a report by the International Energy Agency, approximately 40 percent of cumulative CO2 emissions reductions needed to meet sustainability targets rely on technologies not yet commercially deployed on a mass-market scale.  Senator Mike Crapo (R-Idaho),

July 27, 2021 Read Full Article

GREEN Act Includes Biofuel, Bioenergy Tax Extenders

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) Mike Thompson, D-Calif., chairman of the House Ways and Means Subcommittee on Select Revenue Measures, on Feb. 5 announced the introduction of the Growing Renewable Energy and Efficiency Now (GREEN) Act, which includes several tax

February 12, 2021 Read Full Article

Pascrell, Fitzpatrick Introduce Green Bill to Boost Renewable Chemicals, Phase-Out Fossil Fuels

(Office of Representative Bill Pascrell, Jr. (D-NJ-09))  Bipartisan legislation will provide tax credits for the production of renewable chemicals  -- U.S. Reps. Bill Pascrell, Jr. (D-NJ-09) and Brian Fitzpatrick (R-PA-01) have introduced the Renewable Chemicals Act, legislation that will create an allocated

December 09, 2020 Read Full Article

Letter Urges Extension of 3 Biofuel-Related Tax Credits

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Reps. Abby Finkenauer, D-Iowa, and Josh Harder, D-Calif., authored a letter June 3 urging the House Ways and Means Committee to extend, and retroactively apply, several expired biofuel tax credits. The letter was signed by

June 11, 2019 Read Full Article

Bill Introduced to Overhaul Renewable Fuel, Energy Tax Credits

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Sen. Ron Wyden, D-Ore., and 25 colleagues introduced legislation May 2 that aims to overhaul the federal tax code and consolidate the current 44 energy incentives into three technology-neutral provisions that encourage clean electricity, clean

May 03, 2019 Read Full Article

Rural America Is Ready for Some Sort of a New Deal, Preferably Green

by Art Cullen (The Guardian)  Here in farming country we have the opportunity to rethink our approach to renewable energy and food production  --  ... Meanwhile, we’re losing our precious topsoil and polluting our rivers – killing the Gulf of Mexico in

March 15, 2019 Read Full Article

Grassley, Wyden Introduce Tax Extenders Bill

by Erin Voegele (Biomass Magazine)  On Feb. 28, Senate Finance Committee Chairman Chuck Grassley, R-Iowa, and Ranking Member Ron Wyden, D-Ore., introduced legislation to extend 29 tax credits, including those that benefit producers of renewable diesel, second generation biofuels and bioenergy. According

March 01, 2019 Read Full Article

EIA: Subsidies for Renewables Down as Tax Credits Diminish

(U.S. Energy Information Administration/Ethanol Producer Magazine)   Federal subsidies for renewable energy—including biofuels for transportation use and renewable generation of electricity—dropped to $6.7 billion in fiscal year (FY) 2016, a 56 percent decline from FY 2013. Renewable subsidies in FY 2010 and FY

May 01, 2018 Read Full Article

Farmers Urge Congress to Extend Lapsed Tax Credits for Biodiesel, Renewable Energy

(Farm Bureau News)  A recently introduced bill would continue several expired tax provisions important to farmers and ranchers.  Offered by Senate Finance Committee Chairman Orrin Hatch (R-Utah), the Tax Extenders Act of 2017 (S. 2256) would extend several tax credits for

December 28, 2017 Read Full Article

Republican Tax Package Leaves Out “Orphaned” Renewables, Biodiesel

by Jessie Stolark (Environmental and Energy Study Institute)  On November 2, House leaders announced their Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (H.R. 1).  Among the major proposed changes to the U.S. tax code, there are significant changes to the tax incentives offered to the

November 06, 2017 Read Full Article

National Biodiesel Board Applauds New Biodiesel Tax Credit Bill

(National Biodiesel Board)  Grassley-Cantwell bill would modify the biodiesel tax credit to a production credit  --  Today the National Biodiesel Board applauded the introduction of a bipartisan biodiesel tax credit bill that would convert the blender’s credit for biodiesel to

April 26, 2017 Read Full Article

Jobs and Money Take Top Billing with American Biodiesel

(National Biodiesel Board)  Industry Leaders Showcase biodiesel benefits with key influencers --  When it comes to American biodiesel, jobs and economic opportunities are the hot tickets. In town from across the nation, biodiesel industry leaders are meeting with key influencers

March 08, 2017 Read Full Article

DC: The Road Ahead for Renewable Chemicals & Materials

by Corinne Young and Michele Jalbert (re:chem Alliance/Biofuels Digest)  ... From our vantage point, it is – and has always been – about innovation, performance and the chance to grow advanced manufacturing in the US, so that we can compete effectively on

November 30, 2016 Read Full Article

National Biodiesel Board Taps Donnell Rehagen as New CEO

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Missouri, the National Biodiesel Board has named Donnell Rehagen as the trade group’s chief executive. Rehagen was named interim CEO in June after serving 12 years as NBB’s chief operating officer. ... It’s dead obvious, as

November 02, 2016 Read Full Article

Judge and Grassley Face off in Iowa U.S. Senate Debate

by  Shelby Shepherd  (KWQC)  An hour before Trump and Clinton battled it out in Las Vegas, Iowa’s U.S. senate candidates battled it out in the western part the state they are fighting for.  Republican Sen. Chuck Grassley has held his

October 21, 2016 Read Full Article

Biodiesel Tax Credit Positioning Intensifies as Expiration Nears

by Ron Kotrba (Biodiesel Magazine)  ... The U.S. biodiesel industry, through its trade association the National Biodiesel Board, joined a broad coalition of 50-plus industry groups calling for action on tax extenders this year by sending a letter to leaders in

September 29, 2016 Read Full Article

BIO Releases Report on Renewable Chemical Progress, Opportunities

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  The Biotechnology Innovation Organization recently released a report documenting substantial, ongoing growth in the renewable chemical industry and outlining federal and state policies that support the industry. The report, titled “Advancing the Biobased Economy: Renewable

September 26, 2016 Read Full Article

Hawaii Gov. Ige Signs Renewable Fuels Production Tax Credit

(Pacific Biodiesel Technologies/Biodiesel Magazine)  Pacific Biodiesel President Robert King attended in early July the formal signing of the Renewable Fuels Production Tax Credit by Hawaii Gov. David Ige, a long-awaited incentive for biofuels producers in the state. This move supports

July 15, 2016 Read Full Article

Industry CEO Asks Senate to Extend Tax Credits for Biogas

by Cole Rosengren (Waste Dive)  Steve Miller, CEO of Oregon-based Bulk Handling Systems, testified in favor of more tax credits for biogas at a U.S. Senate Finance Committee hearing last week.  Miller advised a five-year energy production tax credit with a

June 22, 2016 Read Full Article

National Biodiesel Board Commends Proposed Legislation to Extend Biodiesel Tax Incentive Through 2019

(Biofuels Journal/National Biodiesel Board)  The National Biodiesel Board released the following statement from Vice President of Federal Affairs Anne Steckel after Reps. Kristi Noem, R-S.D., and Bill Pascrell, D-N.J., introduced legislation to extend the biodiesel tax incentive through 2019 and reform

May 13, 2016 Read Full Article

Stimulating Investment To Grow the Biobased Economy

by Brent Erickson (Biofuels Digest/Biotechnology Innovation Organization)  ... The challenge our industry faces right now is to continue building investment in the biobased economy. That can be accomplished with both policy and non-policy activities. ... On the policy front a new coordinated federal

February 29, 2016 Read Full Article

Biodiesel Production Rises in 2015 as Consumers Seek Cleaner Fuels

(National Biodiesel Board)   US consumers used a record of nearly 2.1 billion gallons of biodiesel in 2015, reducing America’s carbon emissions by at least 18.2 million metric tons, according to new EPA data released as the industry kicks off

January 25, 2016 Read Full Article

Bill Aims for Long-Term Extension of Renewable Energy Tax Credits

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  In mid-December, Sen. Bernie Sanders, I-Vt., who is seeking the democratic presidential nomination, introduced legislation that aims to enact long-term extensions of several clean energy tax credits that benefit the bioenergy and biofuel sectors. The

January 11, 2016 Read Full Article

Obama Signs Spending Bill, Tax Extenders Legislation

by Erin Voegele (Biodiesel Magazine)  On Dec. 18, President Obama signed a $1.1 trillion spending bill and accompanying legislative package of tax extenders into law. The legislation includes two-year extensions of several tax credits that benefit the bioenergy sector. On the

December 30, 2015 Read Full Article

Lifting the U.S. Crude Export Ban: Impact on Oil, Biofuels, Wind & Solar & the Evolution of the U.S. Energy Landscape

(Genscape)  Now in the hands of president Obama for final sign off, the budget deal that could end the 1975 oil export ban, could also extend investment and Production Tax Credits (ITC and PTC) that support wind and solar energy. The

December 18, 2015 Read Full Article

Biodiesel Leaders Press Congress on Reformed Tax Credit

(National Biodiesel Board)  Critical Incentive Has Remained Expired All Year  --  Nearly 100 biodiesel leaders from across the country will press lawmakers on Capitol Hill Tuesday to reinstate the biodiesel tax incentive as a domestic production credit in line with

November 17, 2015 Read Full Article

BIO Applauds Renewable Chemicals Act Bill

by Joanna Schroeder (DomesticFuel.com)  Senators Debbie Stabenow (D-MI), Chris Coon (D-DE) and Al Franken have introduced a new bill, S. 2271 the Renewable Chemicals Act of 2015. If passed, the legislation would amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to

November 13, 2015 Read Full Article

“The Time Is Ripe” for a Renewable Chemical Production Tax Credit

by Corinne Young and Michele Jalbert (Biofuels Digest/Renewable Chemicals and Advanced Materials Alliance (re:chem))  ... Buoyed in wake of our successful Farm Bill expansion of USDA 9003 loan guarantees to renewable chemicals/bioproduct manufacturing and progress toward bipartisan TSCA reform, re:chem remains

July 27, 2015 Read Full Article

ACORE Releases Public Policy Insights and Recommendations for Renewable Energy

(ACORE)  Policy Pack recaps ACORE’s 2015 Renewable Energy Policy Forum recommendations; warns of a serious market cliff for new investments absent policy action by Congress As the Obama administration announces a 20 percent national goal for renewable electricity generation by 2030,

July 01, 2015 Read Full Article
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ethanol-fueled aircraft Ethanol-to-Gasoline (ETG) ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/diesel ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethyl levulinate (EL) ethylbenzene ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order executive order--state Extended Range Electric Vehicle (EREV) externalities extremophiles f F Factor F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farmers farming farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation Feedstocks fermentation ferry fertilizer fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) Fischer-Tropsch/FT fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources Forest Service forestry forklifts Formate formic acid fossil carbon fossil fuel Frace fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud free fatty acids (FFA) Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon gallium Gambia games gas prices gas tax/highway user fee gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gasoline-range hydrocarbons Gemany General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Gerrmany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) Intensity giant cane giant kelp Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect Global South global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grain sorghum/milo grain speculators grains GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery green/black economy Greenland GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Guinea Bissau Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP gypsum h Haiti Halophytes harvest site processing harvesting Hawai'i hay hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ HDO-SAK (hydro deoxygenated synthetic aromatic kerosene) health health benefits health effects heat of combustion heat of vaporization heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) high octane low carbon (HOLC) fuel High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 HVO20 HVO30 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrid ships hybrids hydrocarbon fuels Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydroformylation hydrogen aircraft hydrogen carrier hydrogen combustion engines hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen leaks hydrogen pipeline hydrogen pumps/fueling stations hydrogen tax credit hydrogen terminal Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Price hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogenolysis hydropower Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal gasification hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois Illiois illuppai ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indian beech tree Indian grass Indiana indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial burners industrial ethanol industrial gases industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated biorefineries integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine (ICE) internal combustion engine (ICE)/gasoline engine ban International international balance of payments International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Sustainability and Carbon Certification model(ISCC) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit Invvesting ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron iron oxide IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene 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Nevada New Brunswick new fuel approval New Guinea New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New South Wales New York New Zealand Newfoundland Newfoundland and Labrador next generation biofuels next generation vehicles NHRA drag racing Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrogen starvation nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota North Korea Northeast northern catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory Northwest Territories Norwary Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds nuclear Nunavut nut shells nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition oak oat hulls oat straw oats Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy Office of Science and 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Private Investment Corporation overview overview/survey course owa oxygen oxygenate ozone Pakistan Palau palm palm biomass palm fatty acid distillate palm fiber palm fronds palm kernel palm kernel oil palm kernel shell palm oil Palm Oil Methyl Ester (PME) palm oil mill effluent (POME) palm oil prices palm trunk sap palm waste Paludiculture/peatland cultivation Panama pandas panic grass papaya paper Papua Indonesia Papua New Guinea paraffins Paraguay Paris Agreement parity partial waiver particulates pasture land Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) patents pathways Paulownia paulownia tree payments peach shell peaches peak oil peak oil demand peanuts/groundnuts peas pectin peela kaner pellet pellets Pennsylvania pennycress/stinkweed pentane pentanol pentose pequi perennial grains perennial grasses Performance permitting Peru pest-tolerance pesticide-tolerance pests pet food petition petroleum pharmaceuticals phase separation Philippines phosphorus photobioreactor photoelectrocatalysis 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RNG tax credit roadmap rocket fuel Romania RON (Research Octane Number) rosin rotation crops Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials (RSB) royalties RP-1 RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber rubber seeds rumen ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Rural Renewable Energy Pilot Program rushes Russia Russian olive rutabaga Rwanda ry rye Rye grass rye straw s saccharification SAF pipeline SAF10 SAF30 SAF40 SAFc (Sustainable Aviation Fuel certificates) Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower sago pond weed SAIC sal tree Salicornia salt water salt-tolerant saltbush saltcedar Samoa Sanctions Santa Monica sardine oil Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Advisory Board (SAB) Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) Science Policy scooters Scotland scum sea level rise seaports seashore mallow seawater seaweed cultivation Seaweed/Macroalgae 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