ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change)

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Aligning On Programs and Priorities

by  Lisa Gibson (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  The U.S. Grains Council is investing a “remarkable amount of time” exploring avenues to better fit environmentally friendly U.S. ethanol into varying compliance programs around the globe, says Hagan Rose, USGC’s ethanol advisory team leader.  ... Canada,

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Tackling the Hidden Emissions of Waste Oil Feedstocks

(SkyNRG)  SkyNRG’s approach to displacement greenhouse gas effects. -- Policy is increasingly considering the indirect land use change (ILUC) effects associated with food and feed commodities. However, indirect emissions related to the displacement of feedstock are assessed to a much lesser extent.

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US Court Set to Weigh Biofuel Blend Mandates

by Cole Martin and Matthew Cope (Argus Media)   A US court on Friday (November 1, 2024) will weigh some novel issues that could affect enforcement of the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS), the federal program that sets minimum biofuel blending levels for

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Ag Policy Blog: Reforming Climate Models: Leveling the Playing Field for American Agriculture

by Chris Clayton (DTN Progressive Farmer)  Seth Meyer, USDA's chief economist, explained Monday at an agricultural outlook conference in Kansas City, Missouri, that he didn't want to get too deep into the weeds, but he told the audience of agribusiness leaders

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RFA Urges California to Adopt E15, Drop Unneeded LCFS Feedstock Tracking Requirements --- Hearing Scheduled for November 8, 2024

(Renewable Fuels Association) The Renewable Fuels Association late yesterday called on California to allow the lower-cost, lower-carbon E15 fuel blend, containing 15 percent ethanol, as part of its efforts to enhance the state’s Low Carbon Fuel Standard. “E15 is a critical near-term

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Agricultural Land Lost to Development in the Midwest

Mujahidul Islam, Ani Katchova, and Carl Zulauf (farmdoc daily) Conversion of agricultural land to developed land during the 21st Century in eight Midwestern states is examined.  This loss of agricultural land to development is a long-standing topic of discussion at the national and state

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Carbon Accounting for Sustainable Biofuels

(BioFuture Platform)  The development of sustainable biofuels is at a pivotal juncture. They are recognised for their important role in decarbonising the transport sector – particularly for their potential to help reduce aviation and shipping emissions, and for their complementarity with

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Carbon Accounting for Sustainable Biofuels

(International Energy Agency)  The development of sustainable biofuels is at a pivotal juncture. They are recognised for their important role in decarbonising the transport sector – particularly for their potential to help reduce aviation and shipping emissions, and for their complementarity

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Giving Lift To 45Z: Climate Smart Farming and the GREET Model

by Katie Schroeder (Ethanol Producer Magazine) ... The industry waited for not months, but years to get an answer to that question, finally receiving direction in the 40BSAF-GREET 2024 model, released at the end of April. In an exclusive podcast interview with

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Overreliance on EV’s Generate Power Grid Concerns

by Mark Dorenkamp (Brownfield Ag News)  There are concerns a reliance on electric vehicles to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from the transportation sector could compromise the U.S. power grid. Scott Richman with the Renewable Fuels Association says grids are already struggling and

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Yes, Biofuels Have a Role in Decarbonizing CT

by  Jamie Densmore and Stephen Dodge (CT Mirror/ Densmore Oil/Clean Fuels Alliance America)  Recent CT Viewpoints in favor of widespread heat pump deployment needlessly paint an inaccurate picture of renewable biofuels and their potential to decarbonize hundreds of thousands of Connecticut homes alongside other strategies,

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RFA Welcomes 40B Sustainable Aviation Fuel Guidance, But Says Additional Work Needed

(Renewable Fuels Association) The 40B tax credit guidance and modified GREET model released today by U.S. Treasury begin to unlock the door for U.S. ethanol producers and farmers to participate in the emerging market for sustainable aviation fuels (SAF). However, more work

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Renewable Diesel Market Report

(Stillwater Associates) On March 21, 2024, Stillwater President Megan Boutwell presented the Renewable Diesel Market Report to the Washington Alternative Fuel & Vehicle Technical Assistance Group. Stillwater President Megan Boutwell shares a presentation on the Supply and Regulatory Incentive Considerations for RD

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WTO Circulates Panel Report on Malaysia’s Biodiesel Policy Complaints against EU

by Meghan Sapp (Biofuels Digest) ...  WTO appellate body says it is extremely difficult to determine the extent of any contribution that is made toward the achievement of the objective(s) of the measures. Much of this difficulty derives from the fact

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Project Presentation – Life Cycle Assessment of the Production of Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) and Renewable Diesel (RD) from Oil Palm and its Crop Residues in Colombia

(International Sustainability and Carbon Certification)  In a collaborative effort funded by the World Bank, ISCC, with the support of its sister companies MEO and GRAS, has been diligently conducting a Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) of Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) and Renewable

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Ag Census Confirms Cropland Decline, Adoption of Environmental Practices

by Scott Richman (Renewable Fuels Association)  The first tranche of data from the 2022 Census of Agriculture was released by USDA on Tuesday, and it showed that the amount of cropland in the U.S. fell by 14 million acres (4%) since 2017, continuing a

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Sustainable Carbon Removals Limits Identified, Huge Climate Mitigation Challenge Revealed

(University of Melbourne/EurekAlert!) Governments and businesses are relying on dangerous amounts of future removal of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere, instead of more rapidly reducing emissions and phasing out fossil fuels. This problem is partly due to an incomplete picture1 of

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Civil Society Groups Call for End to Soy Biofuels

(Transport & Energy) 30 non-profit organisations, including T&E, WWF, Oxfam and Birdlife, call on the European Commission to phase out support for deforestation-driving soy biofuels -- The Commission has one last chance before the European Parliament elections in June to include soybean

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As 40B GREET Deadline Looms, RFA Offers Recommendations for SAF Emissions Modeling

(Renewable Fuels Association) In a letter submitted  to the Biden administration today, the Renewable Fuels Association laid out recommendations for ensuring that the best available science and data are used in determining eligibility for the sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) tax credit established in

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RFA Welcomes Recognition of GREET Model in SAF Tax Credit Guidance

(Renewable Fuels Association) The U.S. Treasury Department today released guidance regarding the implementation of the Inflation Reduction Act’s sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) tax credit. The guidance clarifies that a soon-to-be-updated version of the Department of Energy’s GREET model will be among the methodologies used

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EU Is ‘Driving without a Map’ on Biofuels Policy, Auditors Find

by Sean Goulding Carroll (Euractiv.com)  The EU’s complex policy approach to biofuels lacks a long-term outlook and risks undermining the bloc’s transport decarbonisation targets, an analysis by the European Court of Auditors (ECA) has found. The ECA, an independent watchdog, examined the EU’s support

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Can Solar and Farming Coexist?

by Clinton Griffiths (AgWeb)   The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) believes solar could provide up to 40% of the country’s electricity by the year 2035. However, it’s estimated roughly 5.7 million acres of land will be needed. “While that amount is

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Biofuels in the Pan Amazon

by Timothy J. Killeen (Mongabay) ... The spikes in commodity prices in the first decade of the twenty-first century coincided with a global boom in biofuels. The interest in biofuels was motivated allegedly by a concern for global warming but other,

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IFC Invests Sh32 Billion in Kenya’s Biofuel Project

by Allan Odhiambo (Business Daily)  The International Finance Corporation(IFC) is set to invest Sh31.96 billion ($210 million) in an agribusiness project by Italian firm, Eni Kenya. The IFC said the investment in the form of a senior loan will support capital requirements

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Clean Biofuel Production and Phytoremediation Solutions from Contaminated Lands Worldwide

(Phy2Climate) ... Phy2Climate is a project funded by Horizon 2020 EU’s Research and Innovation programme. The overall objective of the Phy2Climate project is to build the bridge between the phytoremediation of contaminated sites with the production of clean drop-in biofuels and

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Growth Energy Urges Washington State to Clarify “Biofuels” Definition, Fully Embrace Bioethanol’s Emissions Benefits

(Growth Energy) Growth Energy, the nation’s largest biofuels trade association, today (November 1, 2023) urged regulators in Washington state to clarify their definition of “biofuels” under the state’s Cap-and-Invest program in a way that allows them to “maximize the use of

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Growth Energy Urges CARB to Follow the Science, Maintain Bioethanol’s Exemption from Cap-and-Trade Program

(Growth Energy) Growth Energy, the nation’s largest biofuels trade association, submitted comments today (October 26, 2023) to the California Air Resources Board (CARB) as part of its effort to revise the state’s cap and trade regulations. Specifically, the comments called on

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The Potential of Agrivoltaics for the U.S. Solar Industry, Farmers, and Communities

by Michele Boyd (U.S. Department of Energy) Large-scale solar energy installations are a relatively new form of development in many rural areas. Solar energy development can create clean energy, jobs, and other economic benefits in these communities. At the same time, the

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Putting the ‘S’ into SAF

by Geoff Cooper (Renewable Fuels Association/Biofuels International) When the US Congress expanded the nation’s Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) in 2007, some ill-informed environmental advocates and ideological academics started sounding the alarm bell. They argued farmers could not possibly produce enough grain to

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Greater Use of Biogas Can Help India Save US$29 Billion in Import Bills between FY2025 and FY2030

(Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis)   The increased use of biogas in India can be a multi-pronged approach to solving issues like waste management, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and increasing renewable energy production. Most importantly, compressed biogas (CBG) can

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Sustainable Aviation Fuel Needs Sustainable Agriculture, and SusAg Is Accelerating

by y Mike Sticklen (Lee Enterprise Consulting/Biofuels Digest)  ... Corn-ethanol’s current average carbon intensity is 50 gCO2e/MJ ethanol which is one-half of gasoline carbon intensity of  100 gCO2e/MJ gasoline.  The ethanol industry has committed to net-zero carbon intensity by 2040 and a

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Ethanol: Context Missing on This Vital Fuel

by Brian Werner and Gary Prescher (Minnesota Bio-Fuels Association/ Minnesota Corn Research & Promotion Council/Minneapolis Star Tribune) The Oct. 2 commentary discussing the climate impacts of Minnesota agriculture included several misleading statements and cherry-picked science to assert that ethanol is not

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Ethanol Blog -- RFA Chief: EPA Science Board Using Bad Data to Question Corn Ethanol Emissions

by Chris Clayton (DTN Progressive Farmer)  As the EPA's Science Advisory Board meets Thursday and Friday, the ethanol industry is continuing to push back on the board's claim that there are "minimal or no climate benefits" in using corn ethanol in

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SAF Modeling Debate Isn’t Really about “GREET vs. ICAO.” It’s about Current Data vs. Old Data.

by Geoff Cooper (Renewable Fuels Association) Last year’s Inflation Reduction Act created tax credits meant to stimulate the production and use of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), a critical tool in the aviation sector’s decarbonization strategy. To qualify for the tax credits, SAF

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Putting the ‘S’ in ‘SAF:’ Innovation Takes Farmers and Ethanol to New Heights

by Geoff Cooper (Renewable Fuels Association/RealClearEnergy) ... In the 15 years since the RFS was expanded, the amount of U.S. cropland has continued to shrink, grasslands and forests have increased, and the volume of animal feed grain and exports has risen—all while renewable fuel

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Biden Administration Split over Ethanol's Role in Aviation Fuel Subsidy Program

by Jarrett Renshaw, Stephanie Kelly and Leah Douglas (Reuters) The Biden administration is divided over whether to grant a request from the U.S. biofuel industry that would make it easier for sustainable aviation fuel made from corn-based ethanol to qualify for

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Bioenergy as Harmful as Fossil Fuels if CO2 Emissions Not Priced

(Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK)/Mirage News) A new study in Nature Climate Change shows that under current land-use regulations, CO2 emission factors for biofuels might even exceed those for fossil diesel combustion due to large-scale land clearing related to

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The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to Global Clean Energy Holdings

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Global Clean Energy, a vertically integrated renewable fuels business that is focused on reducing transportation-related carbon emissions sustainably through its proprietary camelina varieties – the only varieties currently qualified for both federal and California standards

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Understanding Indirect Land-Use Change (ILUC) and Why Reality Is a Special Case --- June 28, 2023 --- ONLINE

(IEA Bioenergy) Indirect Land-Use Change (ILUC) refers to the phenomenon where changes in land use for one purpose, such as the cultivation of crops for biofuels, can indirectly impact land use and environmental conditions elsewhere. Specifically, ILUC explores the potential

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Ethanol: From Road to Air Transport

by Phillipe Marchand (Transport Energy Strategies) ... Qualification for sustainability: Two issues are at the heart of the criticism of biofuels by environmental NGOs. The first is insufficient CO2 emission abatement and the second, production on agricultural land that is suspected

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The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to Legislation and Regulations about SAF, the Topsoe Perspective

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Case 1, Is Jet Fuel Produced From Soybean Oil? Case 2, Is E-Jet Produced From Fossil CO2 And Green H2 SAF? These are just a couple of the topics tucked into this panoramic survey of

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Biofuel Policies and the Current Food Crisis

by Joseph Glauber and Charlotte Hebebrand (International Food Policy Research Institute/Daily Star) ... Despite the recurring food versus fuel debate and criticism expressed during previous price spikes, biofuel policies have grown in popularity. That growth will likely continue.  The International Energy Agency

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Clean Fuels Alliance America (Clean Fuels) and California Advanced Biofuels Alliance (CABA)2 Comment on California Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) Workshop

(Clean Fuels Alliance America and California Advanced Biofuels Alliance) ... Support for 30%/35% Targets Without Virgin-Oil Credit Cap. We commend CARB staff for maintaining a focus on strengthening the CI reduction targets through 2030. As noted in our prior comments,

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DCC Energy and Oberon Fuels to Boost Renewable Dimethyl Ether Production to Reduce Emissions of European LPG Market

(Oberon Fuels) Partners aim for multiple plants to produce renewable DME -- DCC plc, the leading international sales, marketing and support services group, has partnered with Oberon Fuels, the leading producer of renewable dimethyl ether (DME), to advance the design, construction and operations

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DB Schenker and MSC Seal Important Biofuel Deal to Help Reduce Supply Chain Emissions

(DB Schenker and MSC Seal) First-of-its-kind agreement between a freight forwarder and a shipping line; At least 30,000 standard containers (TEU) will be transported on the world's oceans with net-zero emissions in 2023; Certified sustainable, second-generation biofuels are helping to

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UFOP Study: Models to Assess Indirect Land Use Change Not Sufficiently Robust

(Union zur Förderung von Oel- und Proteinpflanzen e. V. (UFOP))   Controversial debates about the impact of European biofuel policy on cultivation of agricultural commodities in other regions, i.e. indirect land use change (iLUC), have been underway since the target of 10%

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Report Forecasts Clean-Energy Boost from Turning Cornfields into Solar Power Fields

by Erik Gunn (Wisconsin Examiner) About 1 million acres of Wisconsin farmland produces corn for ethanol fuel, but an environmental group says the land could produce 100 times as much energy if planted with solar farms instead. In addition, it would take

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An Over-Belief in Electrification Is Harming the Climate

by Gustav Melin (Bioenergy International/Swedish Bioenergy Association)  ... The energy transition cannot be expedited by support and subsidies  --  However, it is difficult to be re-elected on increased carbon dioxide taxes and more expensive energy prices. That’s no excuse, as there are

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Are There Better Places to Put Large Solar Farms?

(North America Climate Smart Agriculture Alliance) Farmers and conservationists are worried about large-scale solar farms – especially some projects in Virginia – that rely on deforestation and displacement of farmland that, managed properly, will capture carbon in the air. Some

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NASEM Finds More Research Necessary to Improve Methods for Estimating Life Cycle of GHG Emissions of Low-Carbon Transportation Fuels

by Lynn L. Bergeson and Carla N. Hutton (Bergeson & Campbell) The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM) announced on October 19, 2022, the release of a report finding that life cycle assessments (LCA) of transportation fuels are valuable tools for

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How to Rescue Biofuels from a Sustainable Dead End

by Peter Fairley (Nature) An environmentally friendly path forwards for liquid fuel derived from plants will depend on smarter agriculture and smarter regulation. -- ... If filling fuel tanks with these plant-derived liquids reduces carbon emissions by decreasing the demand

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Columbia Economist Wrong on Ethanol’s Benefits

by Scott Richman (Renewable Fuels Association) As a proud graduate of Columbia University’s School of International and Public Affairs (SIPA), I was disappointed to read a recent commentary about ethanol by a research scholar at my alma mater. “A Chance to Phase Out

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Clean Fuels Sustainability Workshop a Great Success

(Clean Fuels Foundati0n) The Environmental Science Program hosted the Clean Fuels Sustainability Workshop Nov. 1-2 in St. Louis. It focused on a number of policy, energy, environmental and economic issues impacting the biodiesel, renewable diesel and sustainable aviation fuel industries.

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Implementing Successful Public Policies to Shape the Sustainable Future of the Aviation Industry

by Carolina Grassi, with Arianna Baldo, Cris Robertson, Elena Schmidt & Hannah Walker (Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials) This White Paper is an outcome of the RSB SAF Policy Platform. The platform is a place for RSB’s members – from industry

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The Truth about Ethanol and Carbon Emissions

by Geoff Cooper (Renewable Fuels Associati0n) ... Unfortunately, Reuters took the same flawed and misleading approach to examining ethanol’s carbon footprint that many other biofuel critics and opponents have taken in the past. Like other erroneous attacks on ethanol’s carbon benefits, the Reuters article failed

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Special Report: Advisory - Story Has Been Withdrawn - How U.S. Ethanol Plants Are Allowed to Pollute More than Oil Refineries

Reuters is withdrawing a Sept. 8 article that compared carbon emissions from U.S. ethanol plants and oil refineries because of its flawed interpretation of data on ethanol-plant pollution and fuel-production capacity. That led to inaccurate estimates of carbon emissions for

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Parliament Backs Boost for Renewables Use and Energy Savings

(European Parliament) Share of renewable energy to be raised to 45% by 2030; Energy savings targets increased to 40% of final energy consumption, and 42.5% of primary energy consumption; Revision of two laws will help fight climate change and boost

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THIS REPORT HAS BEEN WITHDRAWN BY REUTERS Special Report: How U.S. Ethanol Plants Are Allowed to Pollute More than Oil Refineries

Sept 23 (Reuters) - Reuters is withdrawing a Sept. 8 article that compared carbon emissions from U.S. ethanol plants and oil refineries because of its flawed interpretation of data on ethanol-plant pollution and fuel-production capacity. That led to inaccurate estimates

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Biofuel Groups Comment on Washington’s Proposed CFS Rule

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) A public comment period on Washington’s proposed Clean Fuel Standard closed Aug. 31. The program aims to incentivize fuel suppliers to reduce the carbon intensity of transportation fuels by 20 percent by 2038. Washington Gov. Ray

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RFA Provides Input on Future of California’s Low Carbon Fuel Standard

(Renewable Fuels Association)  In comments filed with the California Air Resources Board today, the Renewable Fuels Association stressed that the next iteration of the state’s Low Carbon Fuel Standard must be technology-neutral and allow low-carbon renewable fuels to compete fairly as

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Eni Launches the First Production of Vegetable Oil for Biorefining in Kenya

(Eni) The initiative in Kenya represents the first integrated project in the world to bring Africa into the vertical bio-refinery supply chain by providing income opportunities and market access to thousands of farmers in degraded areas. --   Eni completed the construction

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EU Lawmakers Vote to Blacklist Soy Biodiesel over Sustainability Concerns

by Sean Goulding Carroll (EURACTIV.com)  The European Parliament’s industry committee voted Wednesday (13 July) to restrict soy oil as a feedstock for biofuel production, a move that would put the crop on the same footing as palm oil in the

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Ethanol vs. Petroleum-Based Fuel Carbon Emissions

by Valerie Sarisky-Reed (U.S. Department of Energy) Biofuels have been proven to emit significantly lower greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions than petroleum-based fuels, and recent scientific studies indicate that net-zero emission biofuels are not only possible, but achievable. Corn ethanol and other biofuels are

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Rising Diesel Prices Could Lead Farmers to Bio Alternatives

by Connor Veenstra (Huron Daily Tribune) ... However, an alternative exists for farmers, though it's not widely used — biodiesel, made from plants and animals. According to Houston Biodiesel, it's slightly cheaper than regular diesel, at $5.76 per gallon, as of June

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Ethanol Blog: RFA Calls on EPA to Reject Searchinger, Five Other Candidates From RFS Report Review

by Todd Neeley (DTN Progressive Farmer) The EPA has put forward a list of 20 possible candidates to peer review the agency's upcoming triennial report to Congress on the Renewable Fuel Standard, and the Renewable Fuels Association objected to six of

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The Dogged Victims of Inexorable Disputation: Bioeconomy and the Scoring of Carbon

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ...  Bioeconomy professionals, are the Dogged Victims of Inexorable Disputation, if I can bend Bobby Jones’ memorable golfing phrase. Why? Because better to have lousy carbon targets than no carbon targets at all, say most people,

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MEP Proposes Fewer Restrictions on Biofuels to Meet Higher Renewables Target

by Sean Goulding Carroll (EURACTIV.com) The amount of bioenergy in the EU’s transport sector will increase under plans by the lawmaker leading the European Parliament’s position on the EU’s renewable energy law, a scenario likely to rankle green legislators. Markus Pieper, the

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Under Pressure to Revise Estimates, EPA Mulls Lifecycle Biofuel GHGs

(Inside EPA) As EPA comes under growing pressure to increase its estimates of how much greenhouse gas emissions biofuels save over their lifetime, the agency is holding consultations that could result in changes that may boost programs encouraging biofuels use

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Dev Shrestha: Real-World Data Shows No Food Insecurity or ILUC from Biofuels

by Tammy Klein (Transport Energy Strategies)  On this episode of the Fueling the Future podcast, I spoke with Dr. Dev Shrestha of the University of Idaho about the recent paper he co-authored, “Biofuel Impact on Food Prices Index and Land Use Change.” The

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Green Fuels Shortage Looming Due to EU Restrictions, Industry Warns

by Sean Goulding Carroll (EURACTIV.com) Europe is in danger of failing to meet the transport industry’s soaring demand for sustainable liquid fuels due to EU restrictions on biofuels, a new industry position paper has claimed. Demand for green liquid fuels in Europe

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As Minnesota Explores a Clean Fuel Standard, There's Pushback against Ag

by Jeff Beach (AgWeek) State agencies have been meeting with stakeholder groups, including farm groups. A report will be sent to Gov. Tim Walz in February. -- Minnesota is exploring the possibility of joining the likes of California by creating a

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Raw Material for Biofuel Production Is Available on 7% of the Cultivated Area

(Union for the Promotion of Oil and Protein Plants (UFOP))  In 2020, crops such as cereals, oilseeds, protein, sugar and fiber plants, fruit, vegetables, nuts, etc. were cultivated on 1.4 billion hectares worldwide. Most of these products were used to feed

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Animal, Vegetable or Mineral (Oil)? Exploring the Potential Impacts of New Renewable Diesel Capacity on Oil and Fat Markets in the United States

by Chris Malins and Cato Sandford (International Council on Clean Transportation)  This report provides an overview of the U.S. renewable diesel market and explores the potential market and environmental impacts of increased renewable diesel capacity. The United States currently supports renewable diesel

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ACE, Industry Groups Encourge CARB to Recognize Climate-Smart Farming Practices in Low Carbon Fuel Standard

(American Coalition for Ethanol) In a cosigned letter, the American Coalition for Ethanol (ACE), along with the Great Plains Institute, Low Carbon Fuels Coalition, the National Biodiesel Board, and Canadian Oilseed Processors Association, recommended the California Air Resources Board (CARB) recognize the

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White House Will Recruit Rural Land for New Clean Energy Projects, Could It Create Too Much Competition for Land?

by Tyne Morgan (Farm Journal AgWeb) The Biden Administration is ramping up its efforts to deploy clean energy infrastructure across the country. The White House announced this week plans to utilize public lands and rural America for wind, solar and other clean energy

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Two Birds with One Stone: A Combined Environmental and Economic Performance Assessment of Rapeseed-Based Biodiesel Production

by Xueqing Yang,Yang Liu, Alberto Bezama, Daniela Thrän (GCB-Bioenergy)  Rapeseed is the dominant feedstock for biodiesel production in Germany; however, significant decline in crop yields observed during the 2018 drought in Europe poses economic and environmental risks for its sustained

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Sustainable Aviation Fuel: Decoupling Carbon from Commercial Flight Fact Sheet

(U.S. Department of Energy) The U.S. Department of Energy Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) empowers energy companies and aviation stakeholders by supporting advances in research, development, and demonstration to overcome barriers for widespread deployment of low-carbon sustainable aviation fuel (SAF). SAF made from renewable biomass and

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EU’s Strict Green Criteria for Biofuels Will Hinder Supply, MEPs Warn

by Sean Goulding Carroll (EURACTIV.com) The EU’s “restrictive” approach to biofuels sustainability criteria will harm producers’ ability to meet increased demand for green fuels coming from the transport sector, says Henna Virkkunen, a Finnish lawmaker in the European Parliament. Speaking at a

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As Demand for Green Energy Grows, Solar Farms Face Local Resistance

by Ellen Rosen (New York Times) Developers say industrial-scale farms are needed to meet the nation’s climate goals, but locals are fighting back against what they see as an encroachment on their pastoral settings.  READ MORE As Demand for Green Energy

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NEW DATE Crystal Ball 2022: Ethanol --- March 3, 2021 --- ONLINE

EcoEngineers is bringing back its popular “Crystal Ball” webinar series. In the final installment in the series, we will focus on ethanol markets, including advancements in sustainable farm practices, and carbon capture and sequestration developments. Our experts will talk about

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Sufficient Sustainable Biomass Feedstock Available to Support an Ambitious Low-Carbon Liquid Fuels Strategy for EU Transport

(Fuels Europe) A new study by Imperial College London Consultants concludes that the potential availability of sustainable biomass, with no harm to biodiversity, could support an advanced and waste-based biofuel production of up to 175 Mtoe in 2050. This conclusion reinforces

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Maine Is in Danger of Losing Some of Its Best Agricultural Land to Solar Farms

by Julia Bayly (Bangor Daily News)  Approximately 67,000 fixed-tilt, bifacial panels will comprise a solar farm under construction at the Eastern Piscataquis Industrial Park in Milo. There is growing concern that development of solar farms will come at the expense

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Italy’s Eni Works Sub-Saharan African Countries into Renewable Diesel Feedstock Supply Chain

by Ron Kotrba (Biobased Diesel Daily) The CEO of Italian energy and renewable diesel company Eni S.p.A., Claudio Descalzi, has signed two memorandums of understanding (MOU) in recent days with two Sub-Saharan African nations, the Congo and Angola, on joint development

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Eni, ANPG and Sonangol Enter MoU on Agro-Biofuel Initiatives in Angola, as Part of Decarbonization Push

(Eni) In the occasion of the meeting held yesterday between the President of the Republic of Angola João Gonçalves Lourenço and the CEO of Eni Claudio Descalzi, Eni Angola, ANPG and Sonangol signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) for the joint

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Brazil’s Biofuel Program Sputters on Weak Emissions Accounting

by Sibélia Zanon  (Mongabay; Translated by Maya Johnson) • The RenovaBio program has been encouraging biofuel producers in Brazil to emit less carbon dioxide since the end of 2019. The program survived a rocky first year brought on by the

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CPOPC Files Objection to EU Targeting Palm Oil in RED II Delegated Act Determining High ILUC-Risk Feedstock

(The Council of Palm Oil Producing Countries (CPOPC)/EurActiv) The decision to target palm oil was based on uncertain science and outdated knowledge which was used in counterintuitive policymaking. Despite continuous criticism from the palm oil industry, the EU appears to be indifferent

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Pennycress 2.0 – Improved Oil, Protein: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to CoverCress

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Bunge, REG and Bayer helped CoverCress raise a total of $22 million including $8 million in Series B in 2021. What does that mean for this low carbon cash cover crop and for growers? What

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UK Government Releases Latest Renewable Fuel Statistics

(Biofuels International)  Renewable fuels in the UK fuel supply achieved an aggregated greenhouse gas (GHG) saving of 83% compared to fossil fuels, according the latest UK Government figures. Accounting for emissions from indirect land-use change (ILUC) reduced this GHG saving

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Fit for 55: The EU's Plan for a Green Transition

(European Council)  As part of the European Green Deal, with the European Climate Law, the EU has set itself a binding target of achieving climate neutrality by 2050. This requires current greenhouse gas emission levels to drop substantially in the next decades.

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Deciphering Biofuels Policies across Europe

(Biofuels International)  Even as Europe considers a major revamp of the Renewable Energy Directive (RED) governing EU biofuels policy until 2030, member states have been working to meet a fast approaching deadline to implement the legislation in its current form,

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Fit for 55 Needs a Biofuels Boost

(ePURE)  The Commission’s proposal leaves room for biofuels such as renewable ethanol to help achieve Green Deal, but should better maximise their potential for decarbonising transport  -- The European Commission’s new Fit for 55 package sets important new goals for emissions reduction and

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CPOPC Urges the EU to Rethink Its Palm Oil Policy

(Biofuels International)  The Council of Palm Oil Producing Countries (CPOPC) has again urged the European Union to revise its approach on vegetable oils in biofuels. This comes under the framework of RED II in light of the upcoming revision of

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Bioresources within a Net-Zero Emissions Economy: Making a Sustainable Approach Possible

(Energy Transitions Commission) In its new report Bioresources within a Net-Zero Emissions Economy, the Energy Transitions Commission (ETC) makes plain that, while bioresources are in principle renewable, not all forms of biomass use are beneficial from an environmental perspective: not all biomass

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Groundbreaking New Partnership Will Use Blockchain Technology to Record, View and Measure the Growth of 50 Million Pongamia Trees

(Investancia) Blockchain will track 50 million trees through Investancia and EcoMatcher Partnership  ---  Groundbreaking new partnership will use blockchain technology to record, view and measure the growth of 50 million pongamia trees to be planted in the Paraguayan Chaco forest

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Thinking Beyond Wires: Using Advanced Transmission Technologies to Accelerate the Transition to Clean Energy

(Environmental Law and Policy Center) In order to integrate renewables nationwide and reduce the worst impacts of climate change, we need a robust, efficient, and modern electricity delivery network. [caption id="attachment_143383" align="aligncenter" width="637"] From Environmental Law & Policy Center report[/caption] Transmission lines already

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Current Methods for Life Cycle Analyses of Low-Carbon Transportation Fuels in the United States

(National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine)  An ad hoc committee of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine will assess current methods for estimating lifecycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with transportation fuels (liquid and non-liquid) for potential

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New Reports Correct the Record on Faulty Land Use Change Assertions

(Renewable Fuels Association) A pair of recent studies examining purported cropland expansion in the Midwest are based on a flawed methodology that “suffers from accuracy and certainty issues,” according to a new review of the studies by researchers at Southern Illinois University Edwardsville.

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First Generation Biofuels: Angel or Demon?

by Oliver Mace (Broadmanor Consulting) ... In fact, when it comes to biofuels, sustainability specialists working for the likes of RSB or ISCC have spent countless hours attempting to define what it actually depends ON, in great detail and across many

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Ethanol Boss: Electric Vehicles Are Not the Future, but Part of It

by Sarantis Michalopoulos (EURACTIV.com) Looking at electric vehicles as the only option for the decarbonisation of Europe’s transport sector is wrong and we should take into account all available sustainable solutions, Valérie Corre from the European Renewable Ethanol Association (ePURE) told

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Getting the Most from Sustainable Aviation Fuel

by Lloyd Ritter (Green Capitol LLC/Biofuels Digest) The aviation industry is currently responsible for less than 3% of total global carbon emissions, according to the International Energy Agency (IEA). But with air travel expected to increase by more than 60 percent

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EU’s Dismissal of Crop-Based Biofuels Will Impede Transport Decarbonisation: Industry

by Sean Goulding Carroll (EurActiv) The EU’s decision to cap the share of crop-based biofuels in the bloc’s energy mix risks hampering efforts to decarbonise the transport sector, industry has warned ahead of the revision of the renewable energy directive. Environmentalists, on

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Earth Day 2021 Series Day 14: Sustainable Land Use: What Can We Learn from Farmers?

by Joanne Ivancic* (Advanced Biofuels USA)  They say that Sustainability is a three-legged stool: Environmental Sustainability, Economic Sustainability and Social Sustainability. If any of these legs is missing, the stool falls over.  Climate Smart Agriculture The North America Climate Smart Agriculture Alliance is

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Senators Ask USDA to Update Biodiesel Emissions Study

by Erin Voegele (Biodiesel Magazine) A group of 10 senators led by Sens. John Thune, R-S.D., and Amy Klobuchar, D-Minn., on March 18 sent a letter to Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack urging the USDA to complete a full lifecycle assessment of

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Renewable Diesel: Where’s The Value?

by Steve Roberts and Michael Reecher (Opportune/Biofuels Digest) If companies want to capture value and ultimately profit from the projected growth in renewable diesel, they must understand their netback. The demand and price for renewable diesel is on the rise and bringing

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EU Demand for Palm Oil-based Biofuel May Evaporate before End-2030: Sumwin CEO

by Amir Imran Husain Safri (The Sun Daily) Palm oil-based biofuel demand from the European Union (EU) might disappear before the end-2030 implementation deadline imposed by Europe’s Renewable Energy Directive II (RED II), according to Sumwin Group’s founder and CEO, U.R.

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The Science Behind Ethanol’s Carbon Intensity, Land Use Change: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to Corn Starch Ethanol’s Carbon Intensity

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) What’s the life cycle system for corn starch ethanol? What is the current best estimate for carbon intensity of corn ethanol? What about ethanol biorefinery energy use intensity and land use change carbon intensity? What

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Investancia Will Plant 50 Million Trees after Reaching a Historic Agreement with ECB Group

(Investancia/EIN Newswire)  Pongamia Trees will produce 300,000 tonnes of sustainable second generation feedstock every year by 2030 in boost for global green transport initiatives  -- - Leading agroforestry and research company Investancia today signed a 30-year offtake deal with ECB Group

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Building the Evidence on Corn Ethanol’s Greenhouse Gas Profile

by Jan Lewandrowski (US Department of Agriculture) Over the past two decades, the demand for renewable fuels — including corn-based ethanol — has helped drive a strong domestic market for corn, and supported rural America by generating jobs (PDF, 1.5 MB). New research

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Austria to End Crediting of Biofuels from Palm Oil in July

(Union for the Promotion of Oil and Protein Plants (UFOP)/Biobased Diesel Daily)  The accounting of biofuels with a high risk of indirect land use change (iLUC) will end in Austria July 1. This exclusion is provided for in the late-January

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Developing Hype-Cycle Resilience to Accelerate Advanced Biofuel Technology

by Ross Mazur (Sustainable Fuels Consulting LLC/Biofuels Digest)   Hype, the ephemeral group discourse surrounding topics and ideas, is becoming more pervasive in our increasingly digital world. Although hype cycles, the temporal trends in societal perception of a specific technology or

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Biodiesel and Renewable Diesel Industry on the "RISE" in 2021

(National Biodiesel Board)  NBB experts share how industry continues to "Rise" to any challenge -- The biodiesel and renewable diesel industry is on the “RISE”. This week the National Biodiesel Board (NBB) hosted more than 550 biodiesel and renewable diesel producers,

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Getting to Neutral Carbon: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to Carbon Drawdown

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory’s A.J. Simon shared this illuminating slide guide at ABLC 2020 to look at the role that bioeconomy pathways play in drawing down CO2 from the atmosphere. From pathway selection, corn starch,

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Higher Blending Mandate to Help Offset EU’s Lower Palm Oil Demand, Says Biodiesel Association

(Malay Mail) A nimble push into higher biodiesel blends such as B40 — 40 per cent blend of palm oil-derived biodiesel — by Indonesia and B30 by Malaysia will help to mitigate the negative effects of the European Union’s (EU) lower

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Renewable Fuels Are Taking off…but Can They Supply the Massive Demand?

by Cameron Begley and Allan Green (Spiegare)  In the accelerating push to decarbonise aviation and marine transport fuels, constraints around the sustained availability of fats and oils feedstocks are already emerging. Recent breakthroughs in feedstock engineering technology from Australia presents a promising

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Carinata for Biofuels, High Protein Feed, Cover Crop: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to Nuseed

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Nuseed (which acquired Agrisoma last year) has four focus crops – carinata, sorghum, canola and sunflower – sound more like a cooking ingredient list but they are in fact fantastic feedstocks for a range of

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ePURE: The EU Is Still Failing on Fuel Quality Target

(Biofuels International)  Even as the EU sets ambitious emissions reduction targets for 2030 and 2050, it is still falling short of an important milestone that looms much closer on the horizon - reducing the average greenhouse gas-intensity of road transport

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UPM Joins the BIKE Project Promoting Sustainable Biomass Value Chains for Biofuels

(UPM Biofuels)  UPM Biofuels has joined the BIKE project that promotes low-ILUC risk biofuels production for European Bioeconomy. The project brings together companies and research organisations who believe that novel, safe and reliable biomass value chains can be deployed to produce

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Could We Ever Pull Enough Carbon out of the Atmosphere to Stop Climate Change?

by Donavyn Coffey (Live Science) ... Sabine Fuss has been looking for these answers for the last two years. An economist in Berlin, Fuss leads a research group at the Mercator Research Institute on Global Commons and Climate Change and

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Joint Policy Proposal to Accelerate the Deployment of Sustainable Aviation Fuels in Europe - A Clean Skies for Tomorrow Publication

(World Economic Forum)   What is the World Economic Forum doing to help aviation meet net zero goals?  Through the Forum’s Clean Skies for Tomorrow coalition, stakeholders across the European aviation value-chain have aligned on key policy proposals to inform the EU’s

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Study Confirms Contribution of Bioenergy to Climate Change Mitigation

by Elton Alisson (Agência FAPESP) ... Some argue, for example, that biofuels are not sustainable because the conversion of non-agricultural land to grow energy crops could lead to a significant initial decrease in carbon storage, creating what is known as a

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ICCT’s Vision 2050: “Ambitious Yet Feasible”

by Tammy Klein (Future Fuel Strategies)  ... ICCT (International Council on Clean Transportation) has been and, it’s clear in this document will continue to be, a major change agent for transport decarbonization globally. ICCT will use the results of the

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Study Predicts Climate Benefits Stemming from the Use of Advanced Biofuels

(AZO CleanTech/Colorado State University) Biofuel and bioenergy systems are integral to scenarios for displacing fossil fuel use and producing negative emissions through carbon capture and storage. But the net greenhouse gas mitigation benefit of these systems has been controversial, due to

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Indonesia Picks Up Allies In WTO Palm Fight

(Palm Oil Monitor)  Indonesia has picked up a number of allies in its battle with the EU over the bloc’s ban of palm oil in its renewable energy scheme. An additional 18 countries have reserved their rights to participate in the proceedings as

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ICAO, CORSIA and Alternative Jet Fuels

by James I. Hileman  (Federal Aviation Administration/CAAFI)  ICAO Background;  CORSIA Overview and Technical Details;  Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) in CORSIA U.N. International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) CAEP - Committee on Aviation Environmental Protection Technical Groups within ICAO CAEP working on CORSIA and Fuels Fuels

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Biofuels are Catalyst to Successful Agriculture: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to POET’s Biofuels and Agriculture

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  POET shared this visual slide guide at last week’s DigestConnect webinar, highlighting today’s agricultural landscape, U.S. corn acreage and yield and production countries, showing where America’s corn goes, noting how biofuels are critical for successful

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Dropping Biofuel Mandate Would Be a Toxic Blow for the Industry

by Theodor Goumas (ART Fuels Forum/EurActiv) Last week, a large group of EU-based biofuel producers and associations raised a red flag over reports that some member states are considering or are already dropping the mandates on renewable energy in transport in

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Focus Forward from Challenge to Opportunity: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to RFA’s 2020 Ethanol Industry Outlook

y Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The Renewable Fuels Association released its 2020 Ethanol Industry Outlook, an annual publication that provides policymakers, regulators, consumers, the media, and renewable fuel advocates with key statistics, trends, insight, and analysis on the latest developments

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Biodiesel’s Green Footprint for Fleets: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to the National Biodiesel Board’s Biodiesel Industry – Part 2

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Check out Part 2 of the National Biodiesel Board’s slide guide that focuses on biodiesel’s on-road heavy-duty emission benefits, why they consider biodiesel as “liquid solar energy”, how 3 billion gallons of biodiesel used in

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Are Biofuels Part of the Carbon Emissions Solution?

by Neil Briscoe (Irish Times)  ... “Ireland has one million petrol vehicles,” James Cogan, Ethanol Europe’s industry and policy adviser told The Irish Times. “E10 allows that fleet to cut emissions by an amount equivalent to taking 50,000 cars off the road. Or

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MIND THE GAP: Letter from Europe

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) If you have not followed the Alternative and Renewable Fuels Forum, bookmark this, and today I’ll give you some of the flavor of this group with 110 members — project owners and developers, policy experts, technologists,

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New Study Finds ‘Insignificant’ Link between US Biofuel Policy and Deforestation in Southeast Asia

(Biofuels International)  A new study carried out by economic modelling experts from Purdue University in the US has found the impacts of US biofuel policy on deforestation in Malaysia and Indonesia to be insignificant. The study, titled ‘US Biofuel Production and

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Report from Growth Energy Debunks Unsupported Claims Regarding Endangered Species

(Growth Energy) Growth Energy, the nation’s largest association of biofuel producers, released a new report demonstrating how claims on the Renewable Fuel Standard’s (RFS) alleged impact on endangered species “relies on unsupported assumptions and speculation.” The report was authored by Ramboll, a global

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MAGIC Research Work Now Available Online

Insights about the most promising industrial crops grown on marginal land.  MAGIC aims to promote the sustainable development of resource-efficient and economically profitable industrial crops grown on marginal lands, considering that industrial crops can provide valuable resources for high added value

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INSIGHT: Rise of HVO to Be the Downfall of Traditional Biodiesel in Europe

by Samantha Wright (Independent Commodity Intelligence Service)  As hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) use grows in Europe, with more expansions anticipated in the next few years, questions are arising as to its impact on the traditional biodiesel market and the wider oleochemicals

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Advanced Biofuels: What Holds Them Back?

(International Renewable Energy Agency) Advanced liquid biofuels are a key part of low-carbon transport development to meet emission-reduction targets and international climate commitments. Liquid biofuels, requiring minimal changes to fuel distribution infrastructure or the transport fleet, can be deployed rapidly to

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Indonesia Set to Face, Sue Europe over Renewable Energy Policies

(Antara News)  The Indonesian government will prepare to take legal action at the World Trade Organization (WTO) to challenge the European Union (EU) over its Renewable Energy Directive II (RED II) and Delegated Regulation (DR). The lawsuit plan was rolled out

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Netherlands Mulls End to Used Cooking Oil Double-Counting

by Sarantis Michalopoulos (EURACTIV.com) An analysis of the “weak” points of the revised Renewable Energy Directive (RED II), combined with the results of an ongoing criminal investigation, will determine whether it is possible to end double-counting of used cooking oil (UCO)

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EU Curbs Used Cooking Oil in Biodiesel Due to Fears of Fraud

by Valerie Flynn (The Sunday Times) The Department of the Environment has said it may have to alter the statutory instrument promoting biofuels in Ireland after the EU placed a cap on biodiesel made from used cooking oil (UCO) in

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Better Than Predicted: The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to USDA’s Corn Ethanol GHG

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) It’s all about the life cycle, right? That’s what the USDA set out to find out about corn ethanol – just exactly what are the GHG emissions associated with the production of corn-based ethanol in the

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“Poldering” a New Climate Agreement in the Netherlands

by Paul Sinnige and Timo Gerlagh (Netherlands Enterprise Agency)  ...  With a strong focus on passenger transport and recognising that transport is responsible for a quarter of all emissions, one of the main goals of the agreement is an ambition

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Cutting Edge Sustainability for Cutting Edge Tech: The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Sustainability is such a vague term that some throw around to make them sound good in a consumer environment that is asking for greener and more socially conscious products. The Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials is tackling

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Petroleum Companies Ramp up HVO Production in Europe

(Union zur Förderung von Oel- und Proteinpflanzen (UFOP)/Biodiesel Magazine) Production of hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) in the European Union has picked up pace since 2012. Petroleum companies, such as Neste, Eni and Total, were the main entities promoting the creation of

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Mineral Oil Groups Ramp up HVO Production in the EU

(Union zur Förderung von Oel- und Proteinpflanzen (UFOP)/Biodiesel Magazine) Production of hydrogenated vegetable oil (HVO) in the European Union has picked up pace since 2012. Mineral oil groups, such as Neste, Eni and Total, were the main entities promoting the

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Planned Anti-Subsidy Duties on Palm Oil Methyl Ester Ineffective

(Union zur Förderung von Oel- und Proteinpflanzen (UFOP))  The preliminary anti-subsidy duties announced by the EU Commission will not reduce imports of palm oil-based biodiesel. This is the conclusion the Union zur Förderung von Oel- und Proteinpflanzen (UFOP) has drawn from

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Opportunities and Risks for Continued Biofuel Expansion in Brazil

by Nikita Pavlenko and Carmen Araujo  (International Council on Clean Transportation)  Brazil’s advanced biofuel industry lags far behind the production capacity of its first-generation biofuel industry. Brazil’s reliance on crop-derived biofuel feedstocks, in conjunction with its vulnerable forests and savannah, presents

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France Bans Palm Oil from Biofuels

(Union zur Förderung von Oel- und Proteinpflanzen (UFOP))   France is tightening up regulations on the use of palm oil as a feedstock in biofuels production. However, this only applies to palm oil eligibility within France. As a result, biofuels produced

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Carinata Cover Cropping: The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to Agrisoma

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Agrisoma Biosciences, Inc. has the world’s largest collection of Carinata and an extensive modern crop improvement program that allows them to select high yielding varieties ideally suited for production across a broad range of geographies. Agrisoma

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IEA Bioenergy Annual Report 2018

(IEA Bioenergy) This document contains the report of the IEA Bioenergy Executive Committee for 2018. This year, we have presented a special feature ‘ Measuring, governing and gaining support for sustainable bioenergy supply chains – lessons and messages from a three-year Inter-Task project’, the preparation of which

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With New Regulation Complete, What’s Next for EU Biofuels?

by Dave Keating (Euractiv)  “ILUC has been solved,” declared Bernd Kuepker, a renewables policy officer at the European Commission’s energy department, at an event held in Brussels this week. He was, of course, not saying that the phenomenon of Indirect Land Use Change has been

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EU Publishes ILUC Risk Additions to RED in Official Journal Following Scrutiny Period

by Meghan Sapp (Biofuels Digest)  In Belgium, in the absence of objections by European Parliament and Council on the proposed text within the given two-month scrutiny period, the European Commission has published in the Official Journal the Delegated Act on the determination

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crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude oil Cuba cup plant cuphea currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cusi cutworm caterpillars cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) cylindro Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs d-5 D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D20 (20%DME) D5 (5%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA date kernel oil date palm date palm pits date palm waste Dates DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act deficit definitions deforestation defossilization Dehydration Delaware DeltaWing demonstration demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify density Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security 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drought drought tolerant drought-resistant dry ice dual cropping Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E100 E100 conversion kit E11 E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E2 E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E3 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E70 diesel E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency egg shell Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric Vehicle (EV) Prices electric grid electricity electricity price electricity/power generation electricity/power transmission electrocatalysis electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels (e-fuels) electrofuels (e-fuels) prices electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) electrons Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants embargo eminent domain emissions emissions standards EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 EN 228 EN 590 EN228 (standard pump gasoline) end user end-of-life Endangered Species Act (ESA) Energy Bill energy cane energy consumption energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy prices energy reserves Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine Development engine problems Engine/Fuel Co-optimization engineering England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment environmental impact study (EIS) environmental justice/socially inclusive environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Environmentalists Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic depolymerization enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling Enzyme solicitation enzymes EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) Equatorial Guinea equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) etha ethane ethanol ethanol benefits ethanol blend wall ethanol blended diesel ED ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol emissions ethanol ether diesel fuel ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol to gas ethanol tolerance ethanol-fueled aircraft 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(FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation Feedstocks fermentation ferry fertilizer fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) Fischer-Tropsch/FT fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources Forest Service forestry forklifts Formate formic acid fossil carbon fossil fuel Frace fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud free fatty acids (FFA) Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon gallium Gambia games gas prices gas tax/highway user fee gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gasoline-range hydrocarbons Gemany General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Gerrmany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) Intensity giant cane giant kelp Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect Global South global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grain sorghum/milo grain speculators grains GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery green/black economy Greenland GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Guinea Bissau Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP gypsum h Haiti Halophytes harvest site processing harvesting Hawai'i hay hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ HDO-SAK (hydro deoxygenated synthetic aromatic kerosene) health health benefits health effects heat of combustion heat of vaporization heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) high octane low carbon (HOLC) fuel High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 HVO20 HVO30 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrid ships hybrids hydrocarbon fuels Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydroformylation hydrogen aircraft hydrogen carrier hydrogen combustion engines hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen leaks hydrogen pipeline hydrogen price hydrogen pumps/fueling stations hydrogen tax credit hydrogen terminal Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Price hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogenolysis hydropower Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal gasification hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois Illiois illuppai ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indian beech tree Indian grass Indiana indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial burners industrial ethanol industrial gases industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated biorefineries integrated food/energy 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isomerisation isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica jamelão Japan jatobá Jatropha Jersey Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 jet B Jetfuel (Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs Joint Office of Energy and Transportation jojoba Jordan JP-10 JP-4 JP-5/NATO F-44 JP-8/NATO F-34 juniper Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kalanchoe kamani Kans grass Kansas Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati knotweed Knowledge Discovery Framework Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kulpa kusum Kuwait Kygryzstan labels labor policy Labrador lactic acid lactose Lake County lamp oil land ownership land prices land rights land subsidence land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy landfill methane Landfills landscape Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead Leadtree leaf ant Lebanon lecithin legislation Legislation-Federal 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Nevada New Brunswick new fuel approval New Guinea New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New South Wales New York New Zealand Newfoundland Newfoundland and Labrador next generation biofuels next generation vehicles NHRA drag racing Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrogen starvation nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota North Korea Northeast northern catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory Northwest Territories Norwary Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds nuclear Nunavut nut shells nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition oak oat hulls oat straw oats Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy Office of Science and 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