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Domestic Next-Gen Feedstocks: Revolutionizing the Bioeconomy (Parts 1 and 2)

by Jennifer Kaplan (LEC Partners/Biofuels Digest) Imagine a bioeconomy where sustainability is a fundamental prerequisite. While we have made much progress on bioeconomy technology, the challenges of developing verifiably “sustainable” feedstock remains a challenge. The fact remains that to achieve the promise

December 13, 2024 Read Full Article

Bunker Fuel Hubs Report Problems with Cashew Nut-Based Biofuel Blends

by Jamey Bergman (Riviera)  A Singapore-based fuel testing group has recommended that shipowners avoid cashew nut fuels and blends -- ’Several’ ships in the fuel bunkering hubs of Singapore and Rotterdam have reported operational problems after apparently bunkering fuel blended with Cashew

November 25, 2024 Read Full Article

Turning Agricultural Trash to Treasure

by Lauren Biron (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory) New funding will help Berkeley Lab and partners improve how the diverse agricultural waste in California’s Northern San Joaquin Valley can be used to make sustainable bioproducts and biofuels -- Agricultural residues and wastes from

July 19, 2024 Read Full Article

OMV Starts up Co-processing Plant at Schwechat Refinery

(OMV) Up to 160,000 metric tons of liquid biomass per year to be converted into high quality renewable diesel blending component, also be used for the newest generation of OMV’s MaxxMotion Diesel; Almost EUR 200 mn invested in OMV Schwechat refinery; OMV carbon

July 11, 2024 Read Full Article

Global: MASH Makes Biofuels Set to Be Trialled on NORDEN Vessel

by Ian Taylor (Bunkerspot) MASH Makes has announced that its biofuel is set to be trialled on a DS NORDEN vessel in Singapore later this summer, following recent engine tests by FVTR GmbH which demonstrated that it is compatible with the

July 09, 2024 Read Full Article

Biofuels Accelerate UECC’s Decarbonization Journey

by Naida Hakirevic Prevljak (Offshore Energy) Norway-based RoRo transportation provider United European Car Carriers (UECC) said it is on track to exceed its goal of a 45% emissions reduction by 2030 after more than doubling biofuel usage across its fleet last

June 13, 2024 Read Full Article

2023 Billion-Ton Report

(U.S. Department of Energy Bioenergy KDF) The U.S. Department of Energy Bioenergy Technology Office's (BETO's) 2023 Billion-Ton Report (BT23) is an assessment of renewable carbon resources potentially available in the United States. BT23 explores these resources in terms of quantity, price,

April 04, 2024 Read Full Article

Sustainable Aviation Fuel Won’t Short Food Supply, Manufacturers Say

by Sean Prattt (Manitoba Cooperator/Glacier Farm Media)  Manufacturers of sustainable aviation fuel say the increase in light duty electric vehicles has created an ethanol surplus --  Sustainable aviation fuel manufacturers say they won’t compromise food supplies despite consuming large volumes of agricultural

April 02, 2024 Read Full Article

UECC Developing Cashew Nutshell Liquid-Based Biofuel for Maritime Use

by Bojan Lepic (Splash247.com)  In collaboration with Lloyd’s Register Fuel Oil Bunker Analysis Advisory Service, Wartsila, and biofuel supplier ACT, United European Car Carriers (UECC) has been assessing and evaluating a cashew nutshell liquid (CNSL)-based biofuel. As part of this partnership, ACT created

March 27, 2024 Read Full Article

As Decarbonisation Momentum Builds, So Does Biofuel Usage

by John Snyder (Riviera) Based on samples tested in 2023, VPS reports biofuel usage more than doubled year-on-year, reaching 558,000 metric tonnes  --  While biofuels represented less than 1% of the marine fuels tested in 2023, interest in their use is rising

February 14, 2024 Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to Green Hydrogen and H2 Energy Group

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) H2 Energy Group’s first major project in collaboration with Redding Rancheria is building a Green Hydrogen Corridor along I-5, aiming for a production cost of $1.50 using biomass as a source. H2EG CEO Jim McGinley presented

January 05, 2024 Read Full Article

CAC Eyes Funding for Cashew Shell Biofuel Production

by  Van Socheata (The Phnom Penh Post)  Six Chinese companies have expressed interest in establishing cashew processing plants in Cambodia, with one specialising in producing Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL), according to the Cashew Nut Association of Cambodia (CAC). CNSL is a by-product

January 03, 2024 Read Full Article

Low Carbon Fuels 2040: The Emerging Markets

(Biofuels Digest/Nuu Media) Low Carbon Fuels 2040: The Emerging Markets provides detailed case studies, updates and analysis of the key producers and developers participating in Renewable Diesel projects and Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) projects in the USA, Canada, Europe, Asia, and in South

November 07, 2023 Read Full Article

SoCalGas Files Application to Develop California's Largest Renewable Natural Gas Pilot Project, Turning Agricultural Waste into Fuel

(Southern California Gas Co. (SoCalGas))  The pilot project is expected to produce up to 4.5 billion cubic feet of RNG annually from orchard waste, along with almond, pistachio and walnut shells --  Southern California Gas Co. (SoCalGas) has filed an application with the

August 15, 2023 Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to the USDA Western Regional Research Center

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) The USDA Western Regional Research Center has ~350 people, ~45 in bioproducts & biofuels. It’s part of the Agricultural Research Service, the ARS is the in-house research arm of the USDA. They partner with companies

February 27, 2023 Read Full Article

One-Step Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil Using CaO Promoted Activated Carbon Catalyst from Prunus persica Seeds

by Ayesha Hameed,Salman Raza Naqvi, Umair Sikandar and Wei-Hsin Chen (MDPI Special Issue Catalysts for Biofuel and Bioenergy Production) In recent years, the scope for replacing fossil fuels has been appealing to the world, owing to limited conventional fuels, crude

September 07, 2022 Read Full Article

Blue Biofuels Reports Successful Volume Testing of Its Cellulose-to-Sugar Process on Latest Reactor System; 2.5t/Day

(Blue Biofuels)  Blue Biofuels has reached a significant milestone in the scaling of its proprietary Cellulose-to-Sugar (CTS) reactor system. Testing results on a custom modified reactorsystem demonstrate the ability to convert cellulosic material into sugars with high conversion at a throughput

August 29, 2022 Read Full Article

Re-N-Vision Awarded Department of Energy Grant to Test and Develop Blue Biofuels’ CTS Technology in Equitable Energy Transition

(Blue BiofuelsGlobe Newswire)  Blue Biofuels, Inc. announces that Re-N-Vision, LLC, based out of St. Louis, MO, has received a Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase I Department of Energy grant for $199,902 with the title “Disadvantaged Community Bioenergy Feedstock Consortium

August 08, 2022 Read Full Article

South Korea's Dansuk Exports SMF to Europe

by Ryan Ang (Argus Media)  South Korean biodiesel producer Dansuk Industrial exported this month 3,000t of sustainable marine fuel (SMF) to the Netherlands, marking the company's first export to Europe. Dansuk produces 50,000 t/yr of SMF at its Pyeongtaek and Siheung factories

July 04, 2022 Read Full Article

Blue Biofuels Partners with Leading Machine Builder K.R. Komarek to Build Blue Biofuels’ CTS Machines

(Blue Biofuels)  This will accelerate and solidify the scale-up and commercialization of Blue Biofuels’ patented Cellulose-to-Sugar (“CTS”) process for the production of cellulosic ethanol and sustainable aviation fuel. -- Blue Biofuels, Inc. (PINK: BIOF). – Blue Biofuels, Inc. announces that its

May 06, 2022 Read Full Article

Why These Fleets Use Renewable Diesel Fuel

by Ronnie Wendt (Heavy Duty Trucking Info)  Titan Freight Systems, a regional less-than-truckload carrier in the Pacific Northwest, found renewable diesel was the key to meeting its emissions goals. -- Titan Freight Systems has provided overnight services across the Pacific Northwest

April 21, 2022 Read Full Article

Renewable Diesel & Sustainable Aviation Fuels 2030, Vol 2

by Will Thurmond (Emerging Markets) Renewable Diesel & Sustainable Aviation Fuels 2030, Vol 2. (249 pages, September 2021) provides a detailed analysis and outlook for low-carbon feedstock availability, and a feasibility assessment for technology commercialization pathways in sustainable aviation fuels

February 10, 2022 Read Full Article

The USDA and Blue Biofuels Collaborate to Optimize Yields of King Grass for Cellulosic Ethanol Production

(Blue Biofuels/Globe Newswire) Blue Biofuels, Inc. (PINK: BIOF) Blue Biofuels, Inc. (the “Company” or “BIOF”) and the United States Department of Agriculture’s Agricultural Research Service (“USDA ARS”) are collaborating on optimizing the yields of Pennisetum hybridum, commonly known as king grass, a perennial

December 17, 2021 Read Full Article

Advancing the Bioeconomy in TX, CA, and OH: Comprehensive Geospatial Biomass Feedstock Inventories for Potential Conversion to Biofuels, Biochar, Co-products

by : Richard J. Brenner, Wes Jurey and Todd Campbell (Agricultural Technology Innovation Partnership)  Introduction. The ATIP Foundation (Agricultural Technology Innovation Partnership) conducts projects in multi-county regions of 3 states to “advance the rural bioeconomy,” using a replicable model we developed

December 02, 2021 Read Full Article

San Joaquin Renewables Secures $165 Million to Build RNG Project

(San Joaquin Renewables/Biomass Magazine) San Joaquin Renewables announced Oct. 27 that it reached an agreement with Cresta Fund Management and Silverpeak Energy Partners to invest up to $165 million to develop and construct a biomass to renewable natural gas (RNG)

October 29, 2021 Read Full Article

Biofuel Extracted from Hazelnut Shells Show Potential as Renewable Energy Source

by Mark Bustos (The Science Times) A form of biofuel found in hazelnut shells can be a new renewable energy source - using various thermochemical processes to extract oils from the waste material. Researchers from the Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Machinery Sciences

September 13, 2021 Read Full Article

Renewable Diesel & Sustainable Aviation Fuels 2030, Vol 2

(Emerging Markets Online)  New study! Renewable Diesel & Sustainable Aviation Fuels 2030, Vol 2. (249 pages, August 2021) focuses on low-carbon feedstock availability, technology pathways for low carbon renewable diesel, and sustainable aviation production. Renewable Diesel & Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) 2030  covers

August 26, 2021 Read Full Article

Harder Introduces Landmark Legislation to Help Farmers Lead on Climate Change

(Office of Representative Josh Harder (R-CA 10th) Bill will establish billions in new initiatives to support the efforts of the agriculture industry in leading the way on climate --  Representative Josh Harder (CA-10) reintroduced his Future of Agricultural Resiliency and Modernization (FARM)

August 02, 2021 Read Full Article

Blue Biofuels Files 3 Additional Patents on Its CTS Technology

(Blue Biofuels) Alliance BioEnergy Plus Inc., DBA Blue Biofuels, (the “Company”) is pleased to announce that it filed 3 additional patents that follow on the granted patent to its Cellulose-to-Sugar (“CTS”) technology system. In the process of testing and perfecting towards commercialization,

July 23, 2021 Read Full Article

Meet the Startup Producing Oil to Fight Climate Change

by Emily Pontecorvo  (Grist)  How Charm Industrial became a go-to in Big Tech's mission to offset its carbon footprint.  --  ... The friends, all engineers by training, had designed a machine that could turn agricultural waste, like almond shells, into

May 25, 2021 Read Full Article

Biofuel Project Proposed in McFarland Would Bury Carbon from Ag Waste, Produce Alternative to Diesel

by John Cox (Bakersfield.com) An Iowa technology company has proposed a first-of-its-kind bioenergy project in McFarland that's expected to help cut a significant source of local air pollution while also reducing diesel emissions, burying carbon and employing about 50 local

May 20, 2021 Read Full Article

Can Ships Run on Nutshells?

(DFDS)  DFDS invested in the start-up biofuel company MASH Energy in 2019 because we want to replace fossil fuels with sustainable ones. B11 blend biofuel now ready to be tested at our partner’s Alfa Laval’s facility in Aalborg, Denmark. We invested

December 09, 2020 Read Full Article

In Search of Carbon Removal Offsets

(Carbon 180)  What our (extremely arduous) journey to find carbon removal offsets tells us about the state of voluntary carbon markets today, and some ideas about how we can fix them. ... Others have explored the efficacy of existing carbon markets and offset frameworks, and found convincing

November 19, 2020 Read Full Article

Making Biodiesel from Dirty Old Cooking Oil Just Got Way Easier

(RMIT University/EurekAlert!)  New ultra-efficient catalyst can recycle old cooking oil into biodiesel and turn food scraps into high-value complex molecules  -- Researchers have developed a powerful, low-cost method for recycling used cooking oil and agricultural waste into biodiesel, and turning food

October 27, 2020 Read Full Article

Lignocellulosic Platform Goes Beyond Biofuels: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to Clariant’s Sunliquid

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Chemicals, catalysis, additives – At ABLC Digital this July, Clariant shared how they are working on advancing biofuels globally and details on their sunliquid technology to decarbonize transportation. A fully integrated and carbon negative process, sunliquid

September 06, 2020 Read Full Article

Alliance BioEnergy Begins Testing 4th Gen Prototype of its Revolutionary Green Renewable Energy Technology

(Alliance BioEnergy/WallStreetOnline) Alliance BioEnergy Plus, Inc. (PINK: ALLM).Alliance BioEnergy Plus Inc., is pleased to announce that its 4th generation Cellulose-to-Sugar (“CTS”) prototype is now completed and installed in our lab. Testing is in preparation and will begin this week. This 4th

July 08, 2020 Read Full Article

EPA Approves RFS Fuel Pathway for Biomass Gasification Project

by Erin Voegele (Biomass Magazine) The U.S. EPA in May approved a fuel pathway under the Renewable Fuel Standard for a biomass gasification plant under development in McFarland, California, that will produce renewable natural gas (RNG) for sale into the transportation

May 30, 2020 Read Full Article

Advanced Biofuels USA Starts "Just A Minute" Educational Series

(Advanced Biofuels USA) The first episode of  "Just A Minute or So about Renewable Fuels" focuses on what might be used to make renewable fuels.  Students, teachers, or anyone interested in renewable fuels can see in a 3-minute slide presentation

April 30, 2020 Read Full Article

Alliance BioEnergy Building Next Generation Prototype towards Commercialization of Its Revolutionary Green Renewable Energy Technology

(Alliance BioEnergy/Globe Newswire) Alliance BioEnergy Plus, Inc. (PINK: ALLM). Alliance BioEnergy Plus Inc., is pleased to announce that it has finalized the design and is building its new 4th generation “Cellulose-to-Sugar” (“CTS 2.0”) prototype. The Company has received funding from a couple of

April 10, 2020 Read Full Article

Could the RFS Move Toward a Low Carbon Program Like LCFS?

by Jeff Barber (OPIS)  The idea of revising the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) to operate more like the Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) appears to be getting a fresh look. The rise in prices for  California’s LCFS credits may be a motivating factor. More about

June 18, 2019 Read Full Article

Feedstock Flexibility

by Matt Thompson (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Beyond Enerkem, a few companies around the world are looking to feedstocks outside of corn to produce cellulosic ethanol.  --  A few well-known ethanol producers are developing cellulosic pathways that use feedstocks other than elements of

May 14, 2019 Read Full Article

DFDS Invests in Biofuels Developer MASH Energy

(DFDS/MASH Energy/Globe Newswire)  DFDS is investing in the start-up company MASH Energy ApS that produces biofuel from agricultural waste, currently from the by-products of nut processing in Tanzania and India. The biofuel is CO2 neutral and can be used in ships. In

April 26, 2019 Read Full Article

Commentary: Bring California’s Low-Carbon Wisdom to Washington, D.C.

by Andy Foster (Capital Press/Aemetis Inc.) ... With the election behind us and new leadership in the House, it’s time to take another look at the IPCC warnings and examine bipartisan solutions that Congress can work toward — immediately. High on

February 06, 2019 Read Full Article

Almond Joy: CEC Poised to Award $10 Million to Advance Aemetis, West Coast Nut Waste-to-Fuels Commercial Projects

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In California, the California Energy Commission has issued a Notice of Proposed Award (NOPA) for a $5 million grant to the Aemetis Riverbank cellulosic ethanol biorefinery, and $5 million for West Coast Waste Co., to assist

February 05, 2019 Read Full Article

No Carbon Left Behind: The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to LanzaTech

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) LanzaTechhas over 20 years experience sourcing and supplying over 5 million tons of wood fiber and organic feedstock in markets across North America. They offer biomass feedstock supply and analytics to understand and minimize supply chain

February 05, 2019 Read Full Article

The Carbon Rescuers: 20 Top Waste Projects and Breakthroughs that Capture Used Carbon from the Waste Pile for New Uses

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In these top 20 projects, we usually say that we are using waste, but really we are converting something from a state of waste to a state of value — and that’s not just good for

June 05, 2018 Read Full Article

From Gen1 to High-Value: The Digest’s 2018 Multi-Slide Guide to Aemetis

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Aemetis owns and operates 110 million gallons per year of ethanol and biodiesel facilities in the US and India, and is upgrading the plants using patented technology to produce lower carbon, higher value advanced biofuels and

May 11, 2018 Read Full Article

This USDA Lab Is Turning Billions Of Pounds Of Almond Waste Into Beer, Plastic, And Power

by Adele Peters (Fast Company)  The country’s growing almond habit means that there are lots of shells and hulls to put to good use. These government scientists are working hard to find the best options. ...  “For every pound of almonds we produce,

March 19, 2018 Read Full Article

California Here I Come: Ethanol Industry Looking to California’s Lucrative Low Carbon Market

by Jessie Stolark (Enviromental and Energy Study Institute)  Two recently announced major joint ventures from ethanol producers – one in the cellulosic and another in the first-generation space – are aimed at selling biofuels in California, specifically. Driven by the state’s

March 09, 2018 Read Full Article

Commercial Time: Aemetis Embarks on $158 Million Cellulosic Ethanol Project in California

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)   ... I’d start with the news from Aemetis that they are embarking now on a $158 million cellulosic ethanol plant — to be built in Riverbank, California, in partnership with LanzaTech. Cellulosic ethanol is selling for such

March 08, 2018 Read Full Article

Aemetis Completes Operation of Cellulosic Ethanol Integrated Demonstration Unit, Produced Record Yields

by Kelly Shaver (Aemetis)  Aemetis, Inc. (NASDAQ: AMTX) announced today that the company successfully built and operated an integrated demonstration unit for more than 120 days of continuous operations with 94% uptime, meeting the requirements for a federal USDA 9003 Biorefinery Assistance

March 06, 2018 Read Full Article

Top 20 Advanced Bioeconomy Projects underway in North America

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  To date, North America is the most active of all regions in terms of deploying advanced technology — whether it is cellulosic ethanol, isobutanol for fuels and chemicals, or renewable chemical plants, you see the first

January 19, 2018 Read Full Article

Bioproducts, USDA and You: The Digest 2017 Multi-Slide Guide to USDA Agricutural Research Service Partnership

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The Agricultural Research Service (ARS) is the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s chief scientific in-house research agency. ARS conducts research to develop and transfer solutions to agricultural problems of high national priority and provide information access and dissemination

December 11, 2017 Read Full Article

From Conventional to Advantaged: The Digest’s 2017 Multi-Slide Guide to Aemetis

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Aemetis owns and operates 110 million gallons per year of ethanol and biodiesel facilities in the US and India, and is upgrading the plants using patented technology to produce lower carbon, higher value advanced biofuels and

November 29, 2017 Read Full Article

Got Feedstock? Have Greenbelt Resources Test For Feasibility

(PR Newswire/Greenbelt Resources) The beauty of bioethanol is that it can be created from an amazing number of feedstocks of which many are considered waste – especially "food wastes". Greenbelt Resources Corporation(OTC: GRCO) (Greenbelt) evaluates these feedstocks through its Feedstock Feasibility

November 02, 2017 Read Full Article

Greenbelt Resources Conducts Feedstock Testing For Central Coast Wine Services

(Business Insider/PR Newswire/Greenbelt Resources)  Greenbelt Resources Corporation (OTC: GRCO) has agreed to perform feedstock testing with Central Coast Wine Services (CCWS) to test various streams of wastes generated in the winemaking process. The wastes will be tested for potential use as

October 25, 2017 Read Full Article

Aemetis Signs Long Term Lease for Cellulosic Ethanol Plant Site in California

(Aemetis)  55 year Lease Agreement at Former Army Munitions Facility  --  Aemetis, Inc. (NASDAQ: AMTX) announced today that its Aemetis Advanced Products Keyes subsidiary signed a 55 year lease at a former US Army munitions facility located in Riverbank, California which is near

October 19, 2017 Read Full Article

'Imperative' for Fruit and Nut Orchards to Be Included in US Bioenergy Programmes

(Bioenergy Insight) The Almond Alliance of California has called for increased funding from the Farm Bill in order to help develop bioenergy outlets for almond biomass and byproducts in the state. Kelly Covello, president of the Almond Alliance of California, explained to

August 15, 2017 Read Full Article

Aemetis Signs Agreement for Advanced Gasification Technology to Produce Cellulosic Ethanol

(Stockhouse/Accesswire)  Aemetis, Inc. (NASDAQ: AMTX) announced today (August 4, 2017) that it has signed a Master Agreement with key exclusive rights for the use of an advanced gasification technology from InEnTec, Inc. of Richland, Washington to produce cellulosic ethanol. The

August 08, 2017 Read Full Article

Alliance Bioenergy Licenses Process to Earth's Renewable Energy

(Alliance BioEnergy Plus Inc.)  Alliance BioEnergy Plus Inc. recently announced that its wholly owned subsidiary, AMG Energy Group, has entered into a sublicensing agreement with Earth's Renewable Energy LLC of Newport Beach, California. The sublicense agreement permits Earth's Renewable Energy to use the

June 07, 2017 Read Full Article

Northern Oil Advanced Biofuels Pilot Plant Opening

by Francesca Brindle (Hydrocarbon Engineering)  Southern Oil has announced that Queensland Premier, the Hon. Annastacia Palaszczuk MP, will officially open the Northern Oil advanced biofuels pilot plant in Gladstone on 1 June 2017. The $18 million project brings together all

May 25, 2017 Read Full Article

The Sustainability of Advanced Biofuels in the EU

(Institute for European Environmental Policy)  This report focuses on the potential sustainability of an advanced biofuel industry relying on mainly wastes and residues as the feedstock base. Presented as a series of ‘factsheets’ we consider various feedstocks put forward by

March 20, 2013 Read Full Article
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carbon emissions carbon fiber carbon insets Carbon Intensity (CI)/Carbon Footprint carbon life cycle carbon markets Carbon Monoxide (CO) carbon negative carbon neutrality carbon offsets carbon pipeline carbon price carbon recycling carbon removal carbon sink carbon standard carbon tax Carbon tax border adjustments carbon tax-and-dividend carbon terminal carbon user fee Carbon Utilization and Biogas Education Program carbon-14 testing carbon-efficient fuels carbon/CO2 sequestration carcinogens cardoon Caribbean carinata carinata/brassica carinata carob CAS Registry cashew cashew apple Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) CASI Cassava cassava price cassava pulp cassava stalk castor bean castor stalk catalysis catalysts catalytic decarboxylation catalytic hydrothermal conversion catalytic hydrothermal conversion-to-jet (CHCJ) catalytic hydrothermal gasification catalytic hydrothermolysis jet CHJ pathway cattails cattle cavitation CBD (cannabidiol) CBG (compressed biogas) cell culturing cellulase enzymes cellulose cellulosic biofuel Cellulosic biomass cellulosic diesel Cellulosic ethanol cellulosic ethanol price cellulosic feedstock cellulosic production tax credit cellulosic sugars Cellulosic Tax Credit cellulosic waiver credit cement Central African Republic Central America Certificate Program Certificates of Origin (COs) certification certification fuels cesium cetane Chad change in soil condition charging stations CHCJ-5 chemical-looping hydrogen method Chesapeake Bay chicken feathers chickens Chile Chili China chitin chp chromium chufa/cyperus esculents/nutsedge CIA circular economy citrus citrus greening disease Citrus Peel clean air Clean Air Act (CAA) clean diesel Clean Fuel Standard/Policy (CFS) Clean Heat Standards Clean Power Plan (CPP) Clean Trucks Plan Clean Water Act climate change Climate Change Adaptation climate change effects climate change mitigation climate legislation climate smart/conservation agriculture closed-loop system Clostridium thermocellum cloud point clover cmelina CNG Conversion kit co co-generation co-location Co-op Extension co-operative co-processing co-products CO2 Electrolysis CO2 neutral fuels CO2Removal Certificates (CORCs) coal Coal and Biomass to Liquid (CBTL) Coast Guard coastal habitat conservation coastal hay cobalt cock's foot coco coco methyl ester (CME) cocoa Coconut coffee coffee cherries coffee grounds coffee pulp cold flow cold-tolerance college/university Colombia Colorado combined heat and power (CHP) Comment Request commercial flights commercialization commissioning commo Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) commodity trading common reed Community activity community college Community involvement/engagement community scale Community Wood Energy Program competition compliance compliance credits compost Compressed Natural Gas (CNG/R-CNG/bioCNG) compression ratios compression-ignition engine computer simulation concrete condensate Congo Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Connecticut Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP) construction and demolition waste/debris consumer education contamination contest contrails conversion technology Cook Islands cook stoves cooking fuel cooperatives COP21 COP22 COP23 COP24 COP25 COP26 COP27 COP28 COP29 COP30 copper coppice cordgrass corn bran Corn cobs corn ethanol corn fiber corn growers corn harvest corn kernel corn meal corn oil corn oil/distillers corn oil (DCO) corn prices corn stalks corn stover corn supply corn surplus corn syrup corn-based products corn/maize Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards corporate social responsibility corrosion corruption CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) cosmetics Costa Rica cotton cotton seed hulls cotton seed oil cotton stalk cottonwood Council on Environmental Quality county cover crops cow rumen cracking Crambe crassulacean acid metabolism plants (CAM) crimes criteria pollutants Croatia crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude oil Cuba cup plant cuphea currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cusi cutworm caterpillars cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) cylindro Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs d-5 D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D20 (20%DME) D5 (5%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA date kernel oil date palm date palm pits date palm waste Dates DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act deficit definitions deforestation defossilization Dehydration Delaware DeltaWing demonstration demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify density Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Health and Human Services 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drop-in biofuels/hydrocarbons drought drought tolerant drought-resistant dry ice dual cropping Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E100 E100 conversion kit E11 E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E2 E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E3 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E70 diesel E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency egg shell Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric 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Co-optimization engineering England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment environmental impact study (EIS) environmental justice/socially inclusive environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Environmentalists Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic depolymerization enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling Enzyme solicitation enzymes EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) Equatorial Guinea equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) etha ethane ethanol ethanol benefits ethanol blend wall ethanol blended diesel ED ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol emissions ethanol ether diesel fuel ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol to gas ethanol tolerance 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feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation Feedstocks fermentation ferry fertilizer fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) Fischer-Tropsch/FT fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for 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price gasoline-range hydrocarbons Gemany General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Gerrmany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) Intensity giant cane giant kelp Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect Global South global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grain sorghum/milo grain speculators grains GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery green/black economy Greenland GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Guinea Bissau Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP gypsum h Haiti Halophytes harvest site processing harvesting Hawai'i hay hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ HDO-SAK (hydro deoxygenated synthetic aromatic kerosene) health health benefits health effects heat of combustion heat of vaporization heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) high octane low carbon (HOLC) fuel High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 HVO20 HVO30 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrid ships hybrids hydrocarbon fuels Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydroformylation hydrogen aircraft hydrogen carrier hydrogen combustion engines hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen leaks hydrogen pipeline hydrogen 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