High Octane Vehicles (HOV)

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Plugging in an FFV? The Best of Both Worlds

by Geoff Cooper (Renewable Fuels Association) Earlier this year, the Renewable Fuels Association unveiled our 2022 Ford Escape plug-in hybrid electric

July 22, 2023 Read Full Article

New Book Exposes EPA, Oil Industry’s Role in Ensuring the Dominance of High-Emission Fuels: Gasolinegate Debuts

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) In Washington, emails obtained through the Freedom of Information Act show that EPA and oil interests

June 13, 2023 Read Full Article

The Importance of the Next Generation Fuels Act

by Geoff Coopper (Renewable Fuels Association/Ethanol Producer Magazine) The reintroduction of the Next Generation Fuels Act in both the House

May 09, 2023 Read Full Article

Higher Ethanol Blends Support Transition to Low-Carbon Future

by Tom Doran (AgriNews) With the “unrealistic belief” that electric vehicles will overtake gasoline vehicles in a few years, a researcher

April 14, 2023 Read Full Article

Gazing Higher: The Quest for E30

by Luke Geiver (Ethanol Producer Magazine) E30 could be the future of ethanol. The blend has so much going for

February 15, 2023 Read Full Article

Who Should Want More Ethanol in the Pool? Would You Believe Oil Refiners?

by David Hallberg, President (Dakota Ag Energy/Biofuels Digest)  ... Which brings us back to my thesis—as the pendulum swings back

January 27, 2023 Read Full Article

Let’s Give the Next Generation a Better Fuel

by Douglas A. Durante (Clean Fuels Development Coalition/Ethanol Producer Magazine) With a time-to-market advantage over EVs, ethanol benefits the 270

July 21, 2022 Read Full Article

Year-Round E15 Is a Good First Step, But More Is Needed to Confront the New Energy Crisis

by C. Boyden Gray (Real Clean Energy) ... I’s also one of the most cost-effective green energy solutions available. This is

May 06, 2022 Read Full Article

Ethanol against the World!

by Matt Reese and Dusty Sonnenberg (Ohio's Country Journal) ...  “In a life cycle analysis of ethanol and electric vehicles, you

April 22, 2022 Read Full Article

High-Octane Solutions to the New Energy Crisis

by C. Boyden Gray (Boyden Gray & Associates/Real Clear Politics) ... Currently, the EPA regulates fuels and automobiles separately, instead of

March 14, 2022 Read Full Article

New Hauk Partnership Yields Flex-Fuel Can-Am UTV

(Renewable Fuels Association) In the wake of a successful flex-fuel Jeep Wrangler project, the Renewable Fuels Association is once again working with Hauk

February 03, 2022 Read Full Article

The Race to Reduce GHGs, Dependence on Petroleum, and Provide True Environmental Justice: Where Will the Reductions Come From?

Doug Durante (Clean Fuels Development Coalition/Biofuels Digest) ... With 270 million light duty vehicles registered in the U.S., less than 2%

January 28, 2022 Read Full Article

OMB Reveals Expected Timeline for Post-2022 RFS Rule, Other Rules

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) The Biden administration has signaled its intent to publish a proposed rule setting Renewable Fuel

December 14, 2021 Read Full Article

EPA Delivers Final Vehicle Emissions Standards Rule to OMB

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) The U.S. EPA on Nov. 11 submitted its final rule to revise greenhouse gas (GHG)

November 12, 2021 Read Full Article

Matching For More: The Defour Group's Dean Drake's Plan Involves Match Blending Mid-Level Blends

by Melissa Anderson (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  The Defour Group's Dean Drake, a former GM public policy analyst, says liquid fuels

September 25, 2021 Read Full Article

Biofuels Industry Hopes Its Efforts to Cut GHG Emissions Will Keep It Relevant as White House Pushes EVs

by Jeff Barber (OPIS) After four years of the Trump administration’s often-chaotic approach to the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS), many in

August 26, 2021 Read Full Article

The Fuel Economy Rule: An EPA That Won’t See, Hear, or Speak to the Facts

by Doug Durante (Clean Fuels Development Coalition/Biofuels Digest) The release of the highly anticipated revision of the Safe Affordable Fuel Efficient

August 26, 2021 Read Full Article

Growth Energy’s Bliley Testifies before EPA on Proposed Emissions Standards

(Growth Energy) Today, Growth Energy’s Senior Vice President of Regulatory Affairs Chris Bliley testified before the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

August 25, 2021 Read Full Article

RFA Testimony to EPA Calls for Inclusion of High-Octane Low-Carbon Fuels

(Renewable Fuels Association) In a hearing today on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s proposed greenhouse gas emissions standards for 2023-2026 light-duty vehicles, the

August 25, 2021 Read Full Article

New Proposed Federal Greenhouse Gas, Vehicle Efficiency Standards: A Missed Opportunity to Address Climate Change Now DEADLINE for Public Comment: September 27, 2021

(Solutions from the Land)  Earlier this month, the EPA published in the Federal Register a rule proposing its Revised 2023 and Later Model Year Light-Duty Vehicle

August 20, 2021 Read Full Article

On the Road Again (With Liquid Fuels)

by John Eichberger (Fuels Market News) If the global priority with regards to the transportation sector is to reduce carbon emissions,

August 18, 2021 Read Full Article

Agriculture and Ethanol Groups Echo Automakers Call for Higher-Octane Gasoline Standard in Fuel Economy Rule

(Clean Fuels Development Coalition)  Dozens of agricultural, ethanol, automotive, and manufacturing organizations are calling for higher octane in gasoline to

July 14, 2021 Read Full Article

Ethanol Infrastructure Push: RFA Makes Case for Including Biofuels in Infrastructure Plans

by Chris Clayton (DTN Progressive Farmer) After renewable biofuels appeared to be effectively shut out of President Joe Biden's plan for

April 20, 2021 Read Full Article

Emissions, Mileage, New Data: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to EVs vs. ICE

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Today, a special look at new hard data on EVs vs IC engines — what

April 07, 2021 Read Full Article

Fuel Industry Experts Share Expectations for 2021

by Steve Klein (C Store Decisions/Renewable Energy Group) ... The transportation industry will be a key factor in reaching those

March 16, 2021 Read Full Article

CFDC Calls Nebraska E30 Demonstration One More Step Towards Higher Blends

(Clean Fuels Development Coalition) The Clean Fuels Development Coalition (CFDC) today applauded the work of the State of Nebraska following the

March 08, 2021 Read Full Article

Stabenow Introduces Energy Tax Credit

by Nicole Heslip (Brownfield Ag News) Legislation has been introduced in the U.S. Senate which would provide a tax credit to

March 02, 2021 Read Full Article

RFA’s Cooper: Ethanol Provides Essential Energy for Meeting Global Challenges

(Renewable Fuels Association) Just as ethanol has played an essential role in addressing the COVID-19 pandemic, the low-carbon fuel will also

February 17, 2021 Read Full Article

The Road to Recovery: Starts at Home

by Doug Durante (Clean Fuels Development Coalition/Biofuels Digest) ... The changing political landscape of the elections and the bi-partisan concern

February 11, 2021 Read Full Article

Renewed Focus on Climate Legislation Could Help Biofuels

by Sara Wyant (Ag Week) The biofuel industry argues that President-elect Joe Biden can also make progress on his climate

January 19, 2021 Read Full Article

The Secret Ingredient for Super Speed? Ethanol

by John Herath (AgWeb) The headlines were head-turning: an American made supercar had punched through the 300 mph barrier on a

November 30, 2020 Read Full Article

Growth Energy Outlines 2021 Biofuel Policy Priorities

(Growth Energy/Ethanol Producer Magazine) Growth Energy CEO Emily Skor today outlined the biofuels industry’s top federal priorities for 2021, highlighting key

November 20, 2020 Read Full Article

CountryMark, Ceres Solutions and USDA Bring E15 to Rensselaer

(95.3 MNC) Jasper County, Indiana will soon have its first E15 fueling station thanks to efforts from two farmer-owned cooperatives

November 16, 2020 Read Full Article

Ag Policy Blog: House Democrats Get Aggressive on Biofuels

by Chris Clayton (DTN Progressive Farmer) ...What did become clear was Democrats in both the House and the Senate are

September 28, 2020 Read Full Article

Bustos Introduces Next Generation Fuels Act

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) Rep. Cheri Bustos, D-Ill., on Sept. 24 introduced the Next Generation Fuels Act, a bill

September 25, 2020 Read Full Article

Ethanol Leaders Urge Noem, Trump to Open Door to “E30 by 2030”

(South Dakota Farmers Union)  Compliance with Existing Law Would Inject $8 Billion Per Year into South Dakota Economy  --  In a Rapid

August 05, 2020 Read Full Article

Webinar: 95 RON Octane Perspective -- Starting the Conversation about a 95 RON Octane Standard

(Urban Air Initiative) This is a conversation related to ethanol and octane. The Urban Air Initiative presents its perspective on

July 29, 2020 Read Full Article

Growth Energy Testifies on Low-Carbon Ethanol, EPA Test Fuels

(Growth Energy/Ethanol Producer Magazine) Today (July 13, 2020), Growth Energy Senior Vice President of Regulatory Affairs Chris Bliley offered testimony during

July 14, 2020 Read Full Article

Co-Optima’s Big Impacts for Biofuels: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to U.S. Dept. of Energy Co-Optimization of Fuels & Engines

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) If you haven’t heard of Co-Optima, you should! This U.S. DOE initiative is tackling fuel and

June 18, 2020 Read Full Article

Validating the Need to Test Real-World Fuels

by Steve VanderGriend (Ethanol Producer Magazine/Urban Air Initiative)  While much of the industry’s energy has been focused on issues like

June 17, 2020 Read Full Article

The Standoff for E30

by Susanne Retka Schill  (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  The U.S. Departments of Agriculture and Energy may be just a block or

June 12, 2020 Read Full Article

Work Continues on Developing a Low Carbon, High Octane Fuel Standard

by Ken Anderson (Brownfield Ag News)  ... “Working with Congress to find a pathway forward to come up with a minimum

April 22, 2020 Read Full Article

EPA, NHTSA Fail to Address High-Octane Fuel in SAFE Vehicles Rule

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  The U.S. EPA and U.S. Department of Transportation’s National Highway Traffic Safety Administration released

April 07, 2020 Read Full Article

What Is Flex Fuel? A Look at the Past, Present, and Future of E85

by Frank Markus (Motor Trend)  A brief history of the ethanol-gasoline blend as a motor fuel. Did you know Henry

April 03, 2020 Read Full Article

QUOTE OF THE WEEK -- Geoff Cooper and Renewable Fuels Association

"EPA’s rule assumes that electric vehicles have no “upstream” greenhouse gas emissions related to their use; in other words, the

April 01, 2020 Read Full Article

Trump Administration Cuts Fuel Economy, CO2 Standards with Final Regulations

by Sean Szymkowski (Road Show)  The changes, wrapped into the SAFE Vehicles Rule, will result in less stringent CAFE improvements

April 01, 2020 Read Full Article

From the 3 E's to the 3 C's

by Geoff Cooper (Renewable Fuels Association/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Touting ethanol as a source of clean octane, it's ability to reduce

March 27, 2020 Read Full Article

Co-Optimization of Fuels & Engines: A Transportation Future with Science in the Driver’s Seat Mapping a Viable Route Forward for Affordable, Efficient, and Clean Fuels and Engines

by John Farrell,  Robert Wagner, Chris Moen and Dan Gaspar  (U.S. Department of Energy) ...  For the past four years, the

March 25, 2020 Read Full Article

USDA's 30 Year Vision: No Need to Wander Like Moses

by Douglas Duarante (Clean Fuels Development Coalition/Biofuels Digest)  ... U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) ...  presented a 10 year plan

February 26, 2020 Read Full Article

The Digest’s 10 Top Advanced Bioeconomy Markets & Predictions for 2020

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) A mere “The Year in Rewind” as we sail into 2020? Not the good ship Digest!

January 02, 2020 Read Full Article

Common Ground

by Matt Thompson (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  The future of liquid fuels, whether derived from renewable resources or not, might depend

December 24, 2019 Read Full Article

South Dakota Farmers Union Says RFS "Fixes" Lack Vision and Progress

(South Dakota Farmers Union) Following yet another disappointing announcement by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) on their management of the

October 17, 2019 Read Full Article

More Octane Means More Pain if You Need Very Best Gasoline

by Jeffrey Bair (Bloomberg)  One in seven cars a luxury model that may need higher octane; Refiners step up with extra capacity

August 06, 2019 Read Full Article

Petition To Global Automakers - Offer More Ethanol Vehicles in U.S.!

by Paul Kamp, in conjunction with Chris Schwarck (iPetitions)  To: CEO's of Global Automakers   We are consumers of your vehicles and we request that you

July 02, 2019 Read Full Article

Co-Optima Identifies Innovation Needed to Continue Momentum in Fuel Economy Gains

(U.S. Department of Energy)  Today’s cars are advancing at lightning speed: from electric vehicles to efficient internal combustion engines to

June 24, 2019 Read Full Article

Going Green on a Budget: Lessons Taught and Learned at the Green Neighbor Festival

by Joanne Ivancic* (Advanced Biofuels USA)  Coal powers the GM Bolt with West Virginia license plates parked in the EV

May 08, 2019 Read Full Article

Petition Urges Car Makers to Build More FFVs

by Cindy Zimmerman (Energy.AgWired.com)  A grassroots effort has begun to let auto manufacturers know American drivers want more flex-fuel vehicle options. In recent

May 08, 2019 Read Full Article

Emissions from Low- and Mid-Level Blends of Anhydrous Ethanol in Gasoline 2019-01-0997

(SAE International)  Typically ethanol is present in gasoline as a 10% blend by volume (E10), although E15, E85 (51 to 83%),

April 08, 2019 Read Full Article

Reports Analyze High-Octane Gasoline Market

(Convenience Store Decisions)  A high-octane standard for the U.S. gasoline market could be the fastest and most cost-effective way to enhance

March 28, 2019 Read Full Article

Come Together: At NEC, a GM Executive Outlined Some Controversial Advice for the Ethanol Industry.

by Matt Thompson (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  ...Collaborate with the automotive industry, the petroleum industry, fuel retailers and other stakeholders in

March 20, 2019 Read Full Article

Leading Off: "Your Prices Are in the Wrong Order."

(Urban Air Initiative) "Your prices are in the wrong order."  "Only flex fuel vehicles can use E15."  "What is E30?"  Each of these

March 12, 2019 Read Full Article

SD Farmers Union Calls Out GM on Weak Octane Proposals

(South Dakota Farmers Union)  In a letter to General Motors Chair and CEO Mary Barra today (February 21, 2019), South Dakota

February 21, 2019 Read Full Article

Ethanol Blog: Ethanol Industry Not Impressed with General Motors' Push on Octane Standard Legislation

by Todd Neeley (DTN The Progressive Farmer)  While General Motors representative Dan Nicholson indicated this week it was important for the

February 18, 2019 Read Full Article

Open the Door to Higher Blends

by Doug Sombke (South Dakota Farmers Union and Farmers Union Enterprise/Biofuels Digest)  ... The reality is that the RFS is going backwards,

February 13, 2019 Read Full Article

General Motors to Ethanol: Focus on 95 Octane Fuel Standard, or “Miss the Window altogether”

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Florida, General Motors VP Dan Nicholson told delegates at the National Ethanol Conference that “High

February 13, 2019 Read Full Article

How Do Your Fuel Decisions Impact Our Environment?

by Jessie Stolark (Environmental and Energy Study Institute)  EESI Policy Associate Jessie Stolark spoke on a roundtable panel about the health

February 03, 2019 Read Full Article

Octane on ‘Sesame Street’

by Doug Durante (Ethanol Producer Magazine/Clean Fuels Development Coalition)  Striving for higher-octane fuels shouldn't mean saying goodbye to the RFS. --... Why

January 28, 2019 Read Full Article

USGC Expands Its Ethanol Offerings At Grains.org

(U.S. Grains Council)  New information about global market development efforts for U.S. ethanol and the benefits of the biofuel to

January 18, 2019 Read Full Article

Top 10 Bioeconomy Markets and Predictions for 2019

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) A mere “The Year in Rewind” as we sail into 2019? Not the good ship Digest! Instead,

January 08, 2019 Read Full Article

Here's What 'Compression Ratio' Actually Means and Why It Matters

by Kristen Lee (Jalopnik)  ...  We know that high compression is good, and that low compression is bad. We know that

January 05, 2019 Read Full Article

EESI Joins Comments on Health, Environmental & Economic Benefits of High-Octane Biofuels +

by Jessie Stolark (Environmental and Energy Study Institute)  ... Automotive manufacturers are expressing interest in raising the minimum octane level of

November 02, 2018 Read Full Article

Op-Ed: Ethanol Needs to Win the Octane Race- Our Health Depends on It

(Urban Air Initiative/Governors' Biofuels Coalition)  ... Octane is a necessary component of our fuel, and more of it is needed as

October 29, 2018 Read Full Article

Improving Ethanol’s Outlook: Fuel Economy Standards Help Make the Case for Midlevel Ethanol Blends.

by Chris Bliley (Growth Energy/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  ...  Automakers are responding by making smaller, higher-compression engines that demand higher octane. Improved engines

October 24, 2018 Read Full Article

Help Wanted: Job Interview for High Octane & Low Carbon

by Doug Durante and Doug Sombke (Clean Fuels Development Coalition/South Dakota Farmers Union/Biofuels Digest)  ... However, we may have a unique and

October 11, 2018 Read Full Article

QUOTE OF THE WEEK -- Kelly Davis

In recent Renewable Fuels Association testimony, Kelly Davis noted, "It was apparent that the previous administration disregarded comments from RFA

September 26, 2018 Read Full Article

Farm Life (Gregorich): The Ethanol Industry and How It’s Impacting Farmers

by Kellie Gregorich (Telegraph Herald)  Ethanol is a high octane gasoline that is used throughout the world to keep our vehicles running

September 14, 2018 Read Full Article

Understanding the Emissions Benefits of Higher Ethanol Blends: EPA Modeling Fails to Tell the Whole Story.

by Steve Vander Griend (Clean Fuels Development Coalition)  Adding ethanol to gasoline improves it in every way. It lowers carbon,

September 06, 2018 Read Full Article

An Open Letter to EPA Acting Administrator Wheeler

by Brian Jennings (American Coalition for Ethanol/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  ... Consider this a blueprint for restoring the trust EPA has broken

September 03, 2018 Read Full Article

Octane Workshop Series --- July 9-12, 2018 --- Various Locations

The Fuels Institute and the national laboratories that comprise the DOE Co-Optimization of Fuels and Engines initiative are co-hosting a

June 20, 2018 Read Full Article

The Interaction of the Clean Air Act, California's CAA Waiver, Corporate Average Fuel Economy Standards, Renewable Fuel Standards and California's Low Carbon Fuel Standard

by Joanne Ivancic* (Advanced Biofuels USA)  The Trump Administration is taking a new look at Obama Administration era Co2 regulations.  On

May 21, 2018 Read Full Article

Stay Vigilant: The Importance of Paying Attention and Remaining Active in Ethanol Advocacy.

by Brian Jennings (Ethanol Producer Magazine/American Coalition for Ethanol ) ... The timing of this year’s fly-in was fortuitous, amid talk

April 30, 2018 Read Full Article

How Trump Will Go after California's Auto GHG Authority

by Kelsey Tamborrino (Politico's Morning Energy)  The Trump administration plans to argue that California does not have the authority to enforce stringent

April 30, 2018 Read Full Article

Regulatory Fixes Will Open the Market to Ethanol Quickly -- How EPA Could Easily Remedy Issues with RINs.

by Adam Gustafson (Boyden Gray and Associates/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  ... Such short-term fixes to high RIN prices ignore their underlying cause—EPA’s

March 30, 2018 Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2018 Visual Guide to the Economics, Politics of Renewable Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Have you ever wondered why corn farmers march for the RFS, but Wall Streeters don't? Or

March 16, 2018 Read Full Article

Harmonizing a Three-Headed Regulatory Monster (EPA, NHTSA, CARB)

by Graham Noyes and Doug Durante (Low Carbon Fuels Coalition/Clean Fuels Development Coalition/Biofuels Digest)  ... While not as entertaining to watch

March 14, 2018 Read Full Article
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standards corporate social responsibility corrosion corruption CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) cosmetics Costa Rica cotton cotton seed hulls cotton seed oil cotton stalk cottonwood Council on Environmental Quality cover crops cow rumen cracking Crambe crassulacean acid metabolism plants (CAM) crimes criteria pollutants Croatia crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude oil Cuba cup plant cuphea currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cusi cutworm caterpillars cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) cylindro Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs d-5 D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D20 (20%DME) D5 (5%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA date kernel oil date palm date palm pits date palm waste Dates DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act deficit definitions deforestation defossilization defossilize Delaware DeltaWing demonstration demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify density Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security Department of Justice Department of Labor Department of the Interior Department of Transportation (DOT) depolymerization depots dextrose dfdsffsfdfsf diatoms diesel Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) diesel fuel blendstock diesel prices Diesel R5 diesel with renewables diesel-range hydrocarbons diesel-to-biodiesel conversion diethyl ether digital Digital Biology diisobutylene (DIB) dilute acid hydrolysis pretreatment DIN 51605 DIN EN 15376 (Ethanol blending component) direct air capture direct injection direct ocean capture Direct Sugar to Hydrocarbon Conversion (DSHC) direct-to-fuel directed evolution dispense distillates distillation distilled biodiesel distilled palm methyl ester (DPME) distilleries distributed/centralized distribution distribution capacity distribution waiver diversification divestment DME/rDME (dimethyl ether)/renewable DME DMF (2.5-dimethylfuran) doe Dominican Republic double cropping drawdown Drones/Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) drop-in biofuels/hydrocarbons drought drought tolerant drought-resistant dry ice dual cropping Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E100 E100 conversion kit E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E2 E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E3 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric Vehicle (EV) Prices electric grid electricity electricity price electricity/power generation electricity/power transmission electrocatalysis electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels (e-fuels) electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) electrons Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants embargo eminent domain emissions emissions standards EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 EN 228 EN 590 EN228 (standard pump gasoline) end user end-of-life Endangered Species Act (ESA) Energy Bill energy cane energy consumption energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy prices energy reserves Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine Development engine problems Engine/Fuel Co-optimization engineering England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment environmental impact study (EIS) environmental justice/socially inclusive environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Environmentalists Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic depolymerization enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling Enzyme solicitation enzymes EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) Equatorial Guinea equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) etha ethane ethanol ethanol benefits ethanol blend wall ethanol blended diesel ED ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol emissions ethanol ether diesel fuel ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol to gas ethanol tolerance Ethanol-to-Gasoline (ETG) ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethyl levulinate (EL) ethylbenzene ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order executive order--state externalities extremophiles f F Factor F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farmers farming farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation Feedstocks fermentation ferry fertilizer fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) Fischer-Tropsch/FT fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources Forest Service forestry forklifts fossil carbon fossil fuel Frace fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud free fatty acids (FFA) Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon gallium Gambia games gas prices gas tax/highway user fee gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gasoline-range hydrocarbons Gemany General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Gerrmany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) giant cane giant kelp Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grain sorghum/milo grain speculators grains GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery green/black economy Greenland GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Guinea Bissau Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP gypsum h Haiti Halophytes harvest site processing harvesting Hawai'i hay hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ health health benefits health effects heat of combustion heat of vaporization heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 HVO20 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrids hydrocarbon fuels Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydroformylation hydrogen aircraft hydrogen carrier hydrogen combustion engines hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen leaks hydrogen pipeline hydrogen price hydrogen pumps hydrogen terminal Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Price hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogenolysis hydropower Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal gasification hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois Illiois illuppai ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indian beech tree Indian grass Indiana indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial burners industrial ethanol industrial gases industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated biorefineries integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine internal combustion engine/gasoline engine ban International international balance of payments International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Sustainability and Carbon Certification model(ISCC) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit Invvesting ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron iron oxide IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isobutylene isomerisation isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica jamelão Japan jatobá Jatropha Jersey Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 jet B Jetfuel (Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs Joint Office of Energy and Transportation jojoba Jordan JP-10 JP-4 JP-5 JP-8 juniper Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kalanchoe kamani Kans grass Kansas Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati knotweed Knowledge Discovery Framework Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kulpa kusum Kuwait Kygryzstan labels labor policy Labrador lactic acid lactose Lake County lamp oil land ownership land prices land rights land subsidence land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy landfill methane Landfills landscape Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead Leadtree leaf ant Lebanon lecithin legislation Legislation-Federal Legislation-State lemna lend-lease Lesotho lesquerella leucaena levulinic acid Liberia Libya licensing lichens life cycle analysis (LCA) light rail lignin Lignin Ethanol Oil (LEO) Lignocellulosic Biofuel lignocellulosic sugars lime Lipid liquefaction liquid liquid petroleum gas (LPG) liquid transportation fuels liquidation Liquified Biogas (LBG) Liquified Biogas (LBG) pumps liquified biomethane (LBM) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logistics long-term contracts Louis Louisiana low c low carbon emissions low carbon octane standard (LCOS) Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel low sulfur fuel low sulfur marine fuel lubricants lumber mill Luxembourg lysis M100 M15 M3 M50 ma macadamia macauba Macedonia machine learning macororo Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona management changes mandate mandates 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Newfoundland Newfoundland and Labrador next generation biofuels next generation vehicles NHRA drag racing Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrogen starvation nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota North Korea Northeast northern catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory Northwest Territories Norwary Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds nuclear Nunavut nut shells nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition oak oat hulls oat straw oats Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) Office of Science Technology and Policy (OSTP) Offices of Inspector Generals offtake agreements Ohio oil oil embargo oil exploration oil monopoly oil p oil price parity oil prices oil production oil refineries oil replacement oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil speculators oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes oil/gas terminals Oils Oklahoma olefins oligomerization olive cake olive oil olive pits olive water olives Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm ammonia production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing on-site hydrogen production one p one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontaio Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) open fuel standard open pond opportunity zones optimized flex fuel vehicles orange peel orchard grass orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) osage orange OSHA Overseas Private Investment Corporation overview overview/survey course owa oxygen oxygenate ozone Pakistan Palau palm palm biomass palm fatty acid 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Initiative Rural Renewable Energy Pilot Program rushes Russia Russian olive rutabaga Rwanda ry rye Rye grass s saccharification SAF pipeline SAF10 SAF30 SAF40 Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower sago pond weed SAIC SAK sal tree Salicornia salt water salt-tolerant saltbush saltcedar Sanctions Santa Monica sardine oil Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Advisory Board (SAB) Science Policy scooters Scotland scum sea level rise seaports seashore mallow seawater seaweed cultivation Seaweed/Macroalgae second-generation biofuel income tax credit Section 526 Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) seed husks seed-to-wheel Senegal Serbia sesame sewage Seychelles shale shale gas shale oil shark oil sheep shipping shipping containers shipworm Sierra Leone silage silica Silphie/cup plant/Indian cup silver silver maple simarouba Singapore Singpore sisal SK slash Slovakia Slovakia/Slovak Republic Slovenia sludge 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