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Germany Says No to EU’s 2035 ICE Ban, Others May Follow

by Peter Holderith (The Drive) The three largest economies in the European Union are showing strong opposition to the ambitious 2035 target. Germany’s finance minister Christian Lindner said Tuesday that

June 23, 2022 Read Full Article

NGVA Europe Reacts to Plenary Vote on New CO₂ Emission Standards

(NGVA Europe/NGV Journal) On June 8, the European Parliament plenary voted on the CO₂ emission performance standards for cars and vans and regretfully failed to agree on a pragmatic and practical

June 16, 2022 Read Full Article

EU Lawmakers Back Effective Ban on New Fossil-Fuel Cars from 2035

by Kate Abnett (Reuters)  Lawmakers on the European Parliament’s environment committee on Tuesday backed an EU plan to effectively ban new petrol and diesel car sales from 2035, while voting against

June 7, 2022 Read Full Article

NACS Seeks to Block California Zero-Emission Vehicle Mandate

(NACS)  Regulators “should encourage innovation to meet environmental performance goals,” NACS says. —  NACS on May 13 filed a petition in federal court in Washington, D.C., to challenge the Environmental Protection

May 17, 2022 Read Full Article

RTFA Chief Executive Gaynor Hartnell Talks about Renewable Fuels at Greenfleet

by Gaynor Hartnell (Renewable Transport Fuel Association)  Presenters pre-recorded their presentations in advance of today’s (April 28, 2022) Commercial Vehicle event run by Greenfleet UK. In case you missed it,

May 6, 2022 Read Full Article

California Moves Closer toward Phasing out Gas Cars: State Officials Have Targeted 2035 as the Deadline to End the Sales of New Cars that Produce Emissions.

by Anne C. Mulkern (E&E News Climatewire) California is expected this week to take a significant step toward its goal of phasing out gas-fueled vehicles. The California Air Resources Board is

April 11, 2022 Read Full Article

Washington State Plans to Ban Most Non-Electric Vehicles by 2030

by Minyvonne Burke (NBC News) The bill says that all vehicles of the model year 2030 or later that are sold, purchased, or registered in the state must be electric.

March 28, 2022 Read Full Article

Petrol and Diesel Vehicles ‘Demonised’ as Experts Call for More Investments in Biofuels

by Felix Reeves (Express) MORE investment is needed into biofuels to help lower emissions despite petrol and diesel vehicles being “demonised”, according to one expert.  —  The Government has been

February 8, 2022 Read Full Article

Advanced Biofuels Can Replace Used Cooking Oil in Aviation, Industry Says

by Sean Goulding Carroll (EURACTIV.com)  Under the ReFuelEU Aviation proposal, the percentage of SAF that must be mixed with kerosene would reach 63% in 2050. — Pressure is growing on EU

February 3, 2022 Read Full Article

Petrol and Diesel Cars Need ‘Biofuels’ Like E10 to Achieve Net Zero before EV Rollout

by Felix Reeves (Express) Esperts are urging the Government to consider using sustainable fuels in petrol and diesel cars in a possible follow-up to E10 petrol.  —  With the Government’s

January 31, 2022 Read Full Article

Are Zero-Emission Vehicles the Right Goal for Delivery?

by Megan Lampinen (Automotive World) Allen Schaeffer suggests the delivery segment should be looking at the broader carbon footprint factor as opposed to strictly tailpipe emissions. … The future is eclectic,

January 18, 2022 Read Full Article

In an East Coast First, New Jersey Will Phase out Diesel Trucks

by María Paula Rubiano A. (Grist)  New Jersey joins California, Oregon, and Washington in setting ambitious goals to electrify trucks by 2035. — The New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection

January 3, 2022 Read Full Article

U.S. Reverses Trump Effort to Quash California Vehicle Emissions Rules

by David Shepardson (Reuters) The Biden administration on Tuesday finalized a reversal of a rule issued under then-U.S. President Donald Trump that sought to pre-empt California’s vehicle emissions regulations. The Department

December 23, 2021 Read Full Article

CNG Fuels Opens Scotland’s First Biomethane Refuelling Station

(Bioenergy Insight) CNG Fuels has opened Scotland’s first public access biomethane refuelling station, in response to growing demand from major UK brands. The new station, located adjacent to the busiest

December 21, 2021 Read Full Article

The Bright Future for the Internal Combustion Engine

by Bob Stanton (Government Fleet) … To paraphrase Mark Twain, “The presumptions of the death of the ICE are greatly exaggerated.” The ICE will be with us for decades to

December 9, 2021 Read Full Article

Keep the Tailpipe, Lose the Carbon

by Keith Reid (Fuels Market News) LEADING FUELS-FOCUSED GROUPS SEE ALTERNATIVE FUELS AS KEY PLAYERS IN A NET-ZERO ENVIRONMENT.  … From international political centers to state governments, there seems to

November 12, 2021 Read Full Article

Planes, Trains and Automobiles: It’s Transport Day at COP26. Here’s What You Need to Know.

by Tik Root (Washington Post) … The International Energy Association (IEA) reports that transport emissions are still increasing and account for roughly a quarter of all carbon dioxide released from fuel combustion.

November 11, 2021 Read Full Article

6 Automakers and 30 Countries Say They’ll Phase Out Gasoline Car Sales

by Brad Plumer and Hiroko Tabuchi (Wall Street Journal) Ford, G.M. and Mercedes agreed to work toward selling only zero-emissions vehicles by 2040. But Toyota, Volkswagen and Nissan-Renault did not join

November 10, 2021 Read Full Article

EU Mitght Need More Traditional Biofuels to Meet Climate Goals

by Larry Lee (Brownfield Ag News)  A recent report by RaboResearch says the European Union might need more traditional biofuels to reach environmental goals if new technologies are slow to develop. 

November 8, 2021 Read Full Article

RaboResearch: EU Biofuel Demand to Halve by 2050

(Green Car Congress) The decarbonization of EU road transportation will increasingly impact the demand for fossil and biofuel, especially after 2030. The long-term outlook for biofuels, beyond 2045, does not look

November 4, 2021 Read Full Article

Inspired by Prince Charles’s Aston Martin that Runs on Cheese and Wine, Toby Walne Road-Tests a Rather More Humble Biofuel…Used Chip Fat oil

by Toby Walne (Daily Mail) Using used cooking oil to fuel cars and lorries is very much part of the future; Biofuels could play a role in turning Great Britain

October 25, 2021 Read Full Article

Biofuel Investment Should Occur in California Despite Some Opposition, Regulator Says

by Laura Sanicola (Reuters) California’s biofuel projects are important for the state to achieve its decarbonization goals despite “tremendous pushback” in some instances, a top state environmental regulator said on Tuesday.

October 20, 2021 Read Full Article

‘Fit for 55’ and Its Impact on the Biofuels Industry

(Biofuels International) The name ‘Fit for 55’ may have many people scratching their heads – is it an exercise programme, or maybe a breakfast cereal? – but in EU circles

October 6, 2021 Read Full Article

Auto Industry Commits to All-Electric, but Hybrids Make Powerful Interim Case; Report

by Neil Winton (Forbes)  As politicians declare their love for clean electric cars and fall over themselves to be the first to ban the sale of allegedly dirty, climate threatening

October 5, 2021 Read Full Article

Toyota Boss Says Carbon Is the Enemy, Not the Internal Combustion Engine

by Ronan Glon (AutoBlog) He argues banning the engine is not the solution  — Toyota boss Akio Toyoda is one of the most vocal opponents of banning the internal combustion engine. He

September 22, 2021 Read Full Article

IRFA Issues Open Letters to Sanders, Cruz on RFS, Ethanol

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) The Iowa Renewable Fuels Association on Aug. 27 issued open letters to Sens. Bernie Sanders, I-Vt., and Ted Cruz, R-Texas. The letter to Sanders urges

September 10, 2021 Read Full Article

New York Ices the I.C.E.? New York Is One Step Closer to Eliminating the Sale of Gasoline-Fueled Cars

by Matthew Choi (Politico’s Morning Energy)  New York is one step closer to eliminating the sale of gasoline-fueled cars by 2035 after Gov. Kathy Hochul signed into law a bill

September 9, 2021 Read Full Article

The Major Problems Blocking America’s Electric Car Future: The Electric Future Is Coming. But How Quickly Is Less Certain.

by Daniel Yergin (Politico) … Targets may be motivating. But no matter how much money is spent, shifting such a vast industrial and consumer ecosystem that is so basic to

August 31, 2021 Read Full Article

The Tough Calculus of Emissions and the Future of EVs

by Mark Mills (TechCrunch)  From materials and batteries to manufacturing, calculating the real carbon cost of EVs is just getting started — … While an EV self-evidently emits nothing while

August 23, 2021 Read Full Article

Felix Leach and Kelly Senecal on Racing Toward Zero: The Untold Story of Driving Green

by Tammy Klein (Transport Energy Strategies)  For this video podcast, I spoke with Dr. Felix Leach, Associate Professor of Engineering Science at Oxford University and Dr. Peter Kelly Senecal, Co-Owner and Vice

August 9, 2021 Read Full Article

CNG Fuels Opens First Biomethane Station to Serve UK North East Region

(CNG Fuels/NGV Journal)  CNG Fuels announced the opening of a new natural gas refueling station for heavy trucks in Newark, Nottinghamshire, enabling local fleet operators to decarbonize haulage emissions, save money

August 2, 2021 Read Full Article

Could Nature’s Own Fuel Save Us from Greenhouse Effect and Electric Grid Failure?

by Ellen Brown (LA Progressive) While biofuels are a less high-tech, cheaper and in many ways more effective solution to our dependence on petroleum, the United States and other countries

August 2, 2021 Read Full Article

We Can Love Electric Cars, but Let’s Not Spurn Biofuels

by Dan Morgan (The Globalist)  Right now, electric cars have the momentum and the “inevitability” narrative on their side. Is the idea of pursuing two paths forward a waste of

July 16, 2021 Read Full Article

EU Proposes Effective Ban for New Fossil-Fuel Cars from 2035

by Nick Carey and Christoph Steitz (Reuters/Business Day) -Commission proposes 55% cut in CO2 emissions from cars by 2030; -Proposals include 100% cut in CO2 emissions from cars by 2035;

July 15, 2021 Read Full Article

NGVA Europe: Joint Open Letter on the Future of Vehicle CO2 Standards

(NGVA Europe/NGV Journal) Together with a coalition of EU associations from the energy and transport sectors, NGVA Europe has sent an open letter to the European Commission on the importance of achieving climate-neutrality

July 7, 2021 Read Full Article

Bosch Sees a Place for Renewable Fuels, Challenging Proposed European Union Engine Ban

by Aria Alamalhodaei (TechCrunch) Bosch executives on Thursday criticized proposed EU regulations that would ban the internal combustion engine by 2025, saying that lawmakers “shy away” from discussing the consequences

May 18, 2021 Read Full Article

Biden Faces Pressure to Drive Gasoline and Diesel Cars out of the US

by Oliver Milman (The Guardian)  Joe Biden’s administration, seeking deep cuts to planet-heating emissions, is facing pressure to take a previously unthinkable step: declare the end of the internal combustion engine

May 4, 2021 Read Full Article

Carper Urges Tough US Rules Barring Gas-Powered Cars by 2035

by Hope Yen and Tom Krisher (Associated Press)  A top Senate Democrat is urging U.S. anti-pollution standards that would follow a deal brokered by California with five automakers and then set

May 1, 2021 Read Full Article

State Lawmakers Pass Bill Mandating Only Electric Cars Sold by 2035

by Rick Karlin (Times Union)  Would essentially ban traditional gas powered vehicles in just over a decade — The state Senate on Monday passed a bill that would essentially mandate that

April 28, 2021 Read Full Article

Washington State to Ban Sales of New Gas-Powered Cars

(NACS)  The target is 2030, and the plan hinges on adoption of a vehicle-miles-traveled tax.  —  Last week, Washington state lawmakers passed a bill that would halt the sales of new

April 20, 2021 Read Full Article

Biden Wins CAFE Penalty Court Dispute

by Matthew Choi (Politico’s Morning Energy)  The U.S. Court of Appeals for the 2nd Circuit in New York has sided with the Biden administration in a lovers’ quarrel with green

April 7, 2021 Read Full Article

Barasso: Innovation, Not Regulation, Is the Best Way to Improve Our Country’s Mobility

(Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources) Today (March 16, 2021), U.S. Senator John Barrasso (R-WY), ranking member of the Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources (ENR), delivered the

April 6, 2021 Read Full Article

Will Biden’s $2.3 Trillion Infrastructure Plan Usher in Era of the EV?

by Sebastian Blanco (Car and Driver) While not targeting gas-powered cars for extinction, the plan intends to bring electric cars fully into the mainstream by spending $174 billion to promote

April 5, 2021 Read Full Article

CFDC Calls On EPA to Prioritize Octane in New Fuel Economy Rule

(Clean Fuels Development Coalition)  The Clean Fuels Development Coalition called the pending revision of the nation’s fuel economy rules one of the most immediate and tangible actions the Biden Administration can

March 12, 2021 Read Full Article

California City Bans Construction of New Gas Stations in Climate-Fight First

(CBS News)  A Northern California city is believed to be the first in the country to ban all new gas stations in an effort to curb carbon emissions. The Petaluma City

March 12, 2021 Read Full Article

UK Ban on ICE Vehicles Highlights How ‘Policymakers Need to Pay Attention to What’s Working Today’

by Ron Kotrba (Biobased Diesel Daily)  … U.K.’s government announced it is going one step further by banning the sale of new spark- and compression-ignition vehicles by 2030. A two-phased approach

November 24, 2020 Read Full Article

Senator Merkley, Congressman Levin Introduce Legislation to End U.S. Sale of Gasoline-Powered Vehicles by 2035

(Office of Senator Jeff Merkley (D-OR))  The Zero-Emission Vehicles Act of 2020 will position U.S. to lead global auto industry —  Oregon’s U.S. Senator Jeff Merkley and Representative Mike Levin (D-CA-49)

October 21, 2020 Read Full Article

California to Ban Sales of Gas Cars by 2035

(Our Daily Planet) Yesterday, California Governor Gavin Newsom announced that the state will phase out sales of all gasoline-powered vehicles by 2035. As Governor Newsom said in a separate event with Democratic

September 24, 2020 Read Full Article

How It All Ties Together – LCFS, Biobased Fuel, Zero Emission Vehicles, ICEV Bans: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to The Big 3 Policies for Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Few countries blend ethanol beyond 10% right now but are targets moving? What about biodiesel targets, mostly set below 7% volume in some countries? How about

April 7, 2020 Read Full Article

California Bans Government Purchase of Gasoline Vehicles

(Trucking Info) … As part of Gov. Gavin Newsom’s administration’s attempt to combat climate change, California has banned the purchase of gasoline-fueled vehicles by government groups, according to the Sacramento

December 4, 2019 Read Full Article

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Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices Feedstocks feedstock storage feedstock transportation fermentation ferry fertilizer F Factor fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch/FT Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax Fleets fleet turnover fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) Flightpath flight tests flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources forestry Forest Service fossil carbon fossil fuel fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) free fatty acids (FFA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon Gambia gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline-range hydrocarbons gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gas prices gas tax/highway user fee General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) giant cane Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grains grain sorghum/milo grain speculators GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green/black economy green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP h Haiti Halophytes harvesting harvest site processing Hawai'i hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ health health benefits health effects heat-tolerance heating oil/fuel heat of combustion heat of vaporization Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Honge tree nuts Hong Kong hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrids Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrocarbon fuels hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen hydrogen aircraft hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogen fuel cells hydrogenolysis hydrogen pipeline hydrogen price hydrogen pumps hydropower Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois illuppai ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indiana Indian beech tree Indian grass indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial ethanol industrial gases industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine internal combustion engine/gasoline engine ban International international balance of payments International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Sustainability and Carbon Certification model(ISCC) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron iron oxide IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isomerisation isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica jamelão Japan jatobá Jatropha Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 Jetfuel (Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs jojoba Jordan JP-4 JP-5 JP-8 JP-10 juniper Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kalanchoe kamani Kansas Kans grass Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati Knowledge Discovery Framework Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kulpa kusum Kuwait Kygryzstan labels labor policy Labrador lactose Lake County lamp oil landfill methane Landfills land ownership land prices land rights landscape land subsidence land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead Leadtree leaf ant Lebanon legislation Legislation-Federal Legislation-State lemna lend-lease Lesotho lesquerella leucaena Liberia Libya licensing lichens life cycle analysis (LCA) light rail lignin Lignin Ethanol Oil (LEO) Lignocellulosic Biofuel lignocellulosic sugars lime Lipid liquefaction liquid liquidation liquid petroleum gas (LPG) liquid transportation fuels Liquified Biogas (LBG) Liquified Biogas (LBG) pumps Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logistics long-term contracts Louisiana low carbon emissions low carbon octane standard (LCOS) Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel low sulfur fuel low sulfur marine fuel lubricants lumber mill Luxembourg lysis M3 M15 M50 M100 ma macadamia macauba Macedonia machine learning Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona management changes mandates mangaba manganese mango mangrove Manitoba mannose manure maple maps marginal land Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) price Marine/maritime renewable fuel terminal/bunkering marine algae Marine Corps Marine Diesel Oil (MDO) Marine Gas Oil (MGO) market forces marketing markets/sales market share Mars Marshall Islands Maryland Masdar Institute Massachusetts mass balance standard Master Limited Partnership (MLP) Mauritius Mazda meat mechanics training medical waste MEEC membranes mergers and acquisitions mesquite methan methanation methane/biomethane methane leaks methanization Methanol/Biomethanol/Renewable Methanol methanol fuel cells methanol price Mexico Michelin GreenX Challenge Michigan micro-crop microalgae microbial electrosynthesis microbiology microorganisms/microbes microwave Mid-Atlantic Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military reserves military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels millennium fruit millet millettia pinnata milo stover mineralization minerals mining Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold molybdenum MON (Motor Octane Number) Monaco Mongolia mongongo Montana Montenegro moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles motors MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES3 (MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator model) MOVES2014 Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed Myanmar n-butanol n-butene nahar Namibia nano nanocatalysts nanocellulose nanomaterials nano particles naphtha/bionaphtha/renewable naphtha NASCAR National Academies of Science National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) National Environmental Policy Act National Guard National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Laboratory National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Oilheat Research Alliance National Park Service National Research Council National Science Foundation (NSF) national security National Security Council National Transportation Safety Board National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) Native American tribes natural gas Natural Gas Act natural gas input natural gasoline natural gas prices natural gas vehicles Navy Nebraska neem negative carbon emissions neodymium Nepal net energy balance Netherlands Nevada New Brunswick Newfoundland Newfoundland and Labrador new fuel approval New Guinea New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New South Wales New York New Zealand next generation biofuels next generation vehicles NHRA drag racing Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrogen starvation nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota Northeast northern catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory North Korea Northwest Territories Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds nuclear Nunavut nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition nut shells oak oat hulls oats oat straw Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) Offices of Inspector Generals offtake agreements Ohio oil oil/gas terminals oil embargo oil exploration oil monopoly oil p oil price parity oil prices oil production oil refineries oil replacement Oils oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil speculators oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes Oklahoma olefins oligomerization olive cake olive oil olive pits olives olive water Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) open fuel standard open pond opportunity zones optimized flex fuel vehicles orange peel orchard grass orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) osage orange OSHA Overseas Private Investment Corporation overview overview/survey course oxygen oxygenate ozone Pakistan Palau palm palm biomass palm fatty acid distillate palm fiber palm fronds palm kernel palm kernel oil palm kernel shell palm oil palm oil mill effluent (POME) palm oil prices palm waste Paludiculture/peatland cultivation Panama pandas panic grass papaya paper Papua Indonesia Papua New Guinea paraffins Paraguay Paris Agreement parity partial waiver particulates pasture land Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) patents pathways Paulownia paulownia tree payments peaches peak oil peak oil demand peanuts/groundnuts peas pectin peela kaner pellets Pennsylvania pennycress/stinkweed pentane pentanol pentose pequi perennial grains perennial grasses Performance permitting Peru pest-tolerance pesticide-tolerance pests petition petroleum pharmaceuticals phase separation Philippines phosphorus photobioreactor photoelectrocatalysis photoelectrochemical photolysis photosynthesis phragmites pigeon pea pilot scale pine pineapple pine beetle pine needles pine nut pinion pipelines Pistacia chinensis PLA plant cell research plant cell walls plant oil plastic plastic-to-jet Plug-in Flex Fuel Hybrid Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) plume grass podcasts Poland poli Policy politics pollinators pollution pollution control polyethylene polyfuel polymer 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Racing railroad rainforest rain tree RAND rare earth metal RD10 RD20 RD30 RD55 RD80 RD99 RD100 reclaimed mine lands recycled oil recycled plastics recycling red algae redcedar Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation Refined Bleached Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO) refineries reforestation Reformate regenerative braking regenerative farming Regulated Emissions regulations Regulations-Federal Regulations-State Regulatory Enhancement Growth Support (REGS) Reid vapor pressure (RVP) remediation remediation rice straw Renewable Chemical renewable chemical producer tax incentive renewable chemical production tax credit Renewable Diesel/Green Diesel/HVO/Paraffinic Diesel Renewable Diesel/Green Diesel price Renewable Diesel Production renewable diesel pumps renewable diesel tax credit renewable diesel terminal Renewable Energy Renewable Energy Directive (RED/RED II/REDIII) Renewable Energy Standard Renewable Energy to Fuels through Utilization of Energy-Dense Liquids (REFUEL) renewable fuel renewable fuel oil (RFO) Renewable Fuels Directive (EU) Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS2) revisions/repeal Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS and RFS2) renewable gasoline blendstock renewable marine diesel Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) price Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) pumps Renewable Portfolio Standards Renewable Power Standard Renewable Synthesized Iso-Paraffinic Fuels (SIP) Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation (RTFO) renewable volume obligation (RVO) RenovaBio replacement molecules Repowering Assistance Program repurpose research and development research facility resiliency resource depletion resurrection grass retail retrofit return on investment R Factor RFI (Request for Information) RFS "reset" RHD100 Rhizosphere Observations Optimizing Terrestrial Sequestration (ROOTS) Rhode Island Ricardo rice rice bran oil rice hulls rice husks rice price rice straw/paddy straw RICO (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act) RIMPAC RINs (Renewable 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Seychelles shale shale gas shale oil shark oil sheep shipping shipping containers shipworm Sierra Leone silica Silphie/cup plant/Indian cup silver silver maple simarouba Singapore sisal SK slash Slovakia Slovakia/Slovak Republic Slovenia sludge Small Business Administration small engines small refinery exemption (SRE) smog smokestack soap Social social benefit investing social cost social value social venture Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) soi soil soil amendments soil carbon soil health soil microbial biomass solar energy solar energy-to-chemical conversion solaris solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) Solomon Islands Solutions solvent liquefaction Somalia soot sorghum sorghum oil sorghum stover South Africa South America South Australia South Carolina South Dakota Southeast Asia Southern Africa South Korea South Pacific South Sudan Soviet Union SOx (Sulfur oxides) soybean prices soybeans soy meal Spain spartina specifications Spent Bleaching Earth Oil (SBEO) sprawl spruce Sri Lanka Stakeholders standards start-up State Department Statistics steam explosion steam methane reformation steam reformation steel stevia stillage storage tanks Straight (pure) Vegetable Oil (SVO or PVO) stranded assets Strategic Bioenergy Reserve STrategiv Petroleum Reserve straw students su sub-Saharan Africa sub-sim (substantially similar) subsid succinic acid sucrose Sudan sugar sugar-to-biodiesel sugar-to-farnesane sugar-to-jetfuel Sugar Beets/Energy Beets sugarcane sugarcane prices sugarcane straw Sugar kelp sugar palm sugar platform sugar prices sugars sugars-to-fats sugar standards sulfur Sumatra sunflower sunflower stalks supercritical fluid supercritical hydrolysis supply agreements supply chain Supreme Court surahart Suriname sustain Sustainability Swaziland Sweden sweetgum sweet potatoes Sweet sorghum swine waste Switchgrass Switzerland sycamore syngas syngas/gas fermentation synthetic biology synthetic diesel synthetic gasoline synthetic kerosene synthetic liquified gas (SLG) synthetic methane/e-methane synthetic natural gas Syria Tailoring Rule Taiwan Tajikistan tall fescue tall oil tallow tallow tree tamanu/nyamplung Tamarix tank-to-wheel tank cars tankers tanker trucks Tanzania tariffs taro tar sands Tasmania tax benefit tax credit taxes tax incentives tax parity tax policy tea teach-the-teacher teacher teacher resources teacher training technical course Technical Readiness Levels techno-economic analysis technology transfer tech transfer telephone utility poles Tennessee termites terpenes terrestrial carbon testing Texas textbook Thailand theft therapeutics Thermal catalytic depolymerization (TCD) thermal deoxygenation thermocatalytic conversion thermochemical conversion thermochemical liquefaction Tibet Tier 3 Tier 4 tilapia tillage Timor-Leste tires tobacco tobacco tree Togo Tokyo toluene Tonga tool Toronto torrefaction totai Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) trade trade dispute/discrimination trade group trade organization Trade Policy trade 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