Reid vapor pressure (RVP)

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Going for Gold: American Coalition for Ethanol’s 2024 Conference

by Katie Schroeder (Ethanol Producer Magazine) The American Coalition for Ethanol’s 2024 conference, themed “The Gold Standard,” featured important figures with industry impact, including representatives from Summit Carbon Solutions and the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Held in Omaha, Nebraska, this year’s

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The EPA E15 Ruling– No Need to Stop There.

by Doug Durante (Clean Fuels Development Coalition/Biofuels Digest) Go ahead, blend any amount of ethanol you want.  And here’s why. --  ... The recent decision by the Biden Administration to provide an “emergency waiver” so E15 can continue to be sold during

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EPA Issues Emergency Fuel Waiver for E-15 Sales 

(U.S. Environmental Protection Agency) EPA takes action to provide consumers relief at the pump by helping ensure an adequate fuel supply ahead of the upcoming season --  Today, April 19, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is issuing an emergency fuel waiver to

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Exclusive: US EPA to Announce Temporary Expanded Sales of Higher-Ethanol Gasoline Blend - Sources

by Stephanie Kelly and Jarrett Renshaw (Reuters) The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency will announce by Friday plans to temporarily expand sales of higher-ethanol blends of gasoline this summer, a win for the corn ethanol industry that will likely see demand increase,

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Nunn Introduces Bipartisan Legislation to Implement Year-Round E15

(Office of U.S. Representative Zach Nunn (R-IA-03))  U.S. Representative Zach Nunn (IA-03) today introduced bipartisan legislation to implement year-round E15 sales. The Year-Round E15 Act, which is co-led by U.S. Representatives Adrian Smith (NE-03), Nikki Budzinski (IL-13), Brad Finstad (MN-01), Eric Sorensen (IL-17),

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Ethanol Blog: Lawmakers, Retailers Make Last-Minute Push for E15 Summer Waiver

by Todd Neeley (DTN Progressive Farmer)  Letters continue to fill the mailbox at the White House from federal lawmakers, ethanol industry officials and fuel retailers pressing the Biden administration to grant a waiver to allow the continued sale of E15 this

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Farmers, Ethanol Industry Workers Call for Summertime E15 Waiver

(Renewable Fuels Association) Nearly 1,000 farmers, ethanol industry workers and other supporters from across the country sent a letter to President Biden today calling on his administration to take action to allow continued access to E15 throughout the upcoming summer driving season. E15

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LIMIT – A 5-Letter Word for EARTH MONTH

LIMIT – Although LIMITations are typically viewed as negative, a broader application WOULD invite us to understand the feedback mechanism a LIMIT provides. Currently the sale of fuel BLENDs such as E15 have LIMITed availability over the summer MONTHs due to

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The EPA E15 Ruling Opens the Door for E30

by Doug Durante (Clean Fuels Development Coalition/South Dakota Farmers Union)  ... Ethanol is in no way mandated under the RFS – the refiners choose ethanol as a way to meet their obligation, they could have used renewable diesel, biogas, even

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Biofuel Supporters Ask EPA for Summertime E15

by Carah Hart (Browfield Ag News) A group of biofuel supporters, including the Renewable Fuels Association and the National Corn Growers Association, are asking the Environmental Protection Agency to provide an emergency summer waiver for E-15 quickly. In a letter to the

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Reported Volumes of E15, E85 Set New Records in Minnesota and Iowa in 2023

(Renewable Fuels Association)  Reported sales of both E15 and E85 hit record highs in Minnesota in 2023, according to new data released Wednesday by the Minnesota Department of Commerce. Minnesota is one of only two states (Iowa being the other) that specifically track sales

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Vilsack Says He’s Confident in E15 Emergency Waiver, Discusses USDA’s SAF Advocacy

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack expressed confidence that the U.S. EPA will issue an emergency waiver to allow E15 to remain available this summer and discussed the USDA’s ongoing efforts with regard to sustainable aviation fuel

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Final Rule in Response to Request from States for Removal of Gasoline Volatility Waiver (E15)

(U.S. Environmental Protection Agency)  The Environmental Protection Agency is responding to requests from state governors to remove the 1-psi volatility waiver for gasoline-ethanol blends containing 10 percent ethanol in their states. The governors made their request pursuant to CAA section 211(h)(5),

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RFA’s Cooper: 2024 Will Be “Pivotal and Consequential Year” for U.S. Ethanol Industry

(Renewable Fuels Association) At the National Ethanol Conference today (February 20, 2024) in San Diego, Renewable Fuels Association President and CEO Geoff Cooper told nearly 1,000 attendees that 2024 will be “one of the most pivotal and consequential years the ethanol

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California’s Gasoline Market: How the State’s Unique Structure Impacts Pricing at the Pump

(OPIS) In 2022 and 2023, California’s retail gasoline prices saw multiple price spikes, all the more notable because of the state’s relatively high prices, when compared to the rest of the country.  Looking specifically at 2022, California retail gasoline prices reached an

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The Path to Higher Blends—Artificial Barriers Limiting Us to 10 percent

by Doug Durante (Clean Fuels Development Coalition/South Dakota Farmers Union)  ... While almost all gasoline now contains 10 percent ethanol, we are easily producing enough that the base gasoline in the United States could absorb at least 12-15 percent. And, if

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Viewpoint: SAF, E15 May Lift US Ethanol Demand in 2024

by Matthew Cope and Payne Williams (Argus Media) Ethanol demand may get a boost next year as the US paves a path for ethanol-derived sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) and the potential for permanent year-round sales of 15pc ethanol gasoline (E15) in

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EPA Delivers Final Midwest E15 Rule to White House OMB

(Ethanol Producer Magazine) The U.S. EPA on Dec. 18 delivered its final rule to allow year-round E15 sales in Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin to the White House Office of Management and Budget. OMB reviews marks

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States Oppose EPA's E15 March Proposal: Iowa, Nebraska Ask Court to Require EPA to Finalize E15 Rule Before March

by Todd Neeley (DTN Progressive Farmer) The states of Iowa and Nebraska asked a federal court on Wednesday to require EPA to "promptly" finalize a rule to allow permanent, year-round E15 sales in eight states, rejecting the agency's proposed plan to

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RFA Thanks Lawmakers for Seeking Swift White House Action on Year-Round E15

(Renewable Fuels Association) The Renewable Fuels Association is applauding a bipartisan group of 22 lawmakers from both the House and Senate, who asked the White House today (December 14, 2023) to swiftly finalize regulations that would allow year-round sales of lower-carbon

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Congress Watches from Sidelines as Courts Set Ethanol Policy

by Marc Heller (Politico Pro E&E Daily) In the wake of another court ruling on the renewable fuel standard, there's scant sign lawmakers can pass meaningful changes. -- After a federal court ruled last week that small petroleum refiners should be given

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Action Allowing Year-Round Sales of E15 in the US Could Be Near: Trade Group

by Kate Winston (S&P Global) December deadline looming in lawsuit; Spending bill could be vehicle in 2024 -- In the next few months, legislative or legal proceedings could set the stage to allow year-round sales of a gasoline blend containing 15% ethanol

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Arkansas, Oklahoma Push Delay for E15 Petition

by Chris Knight (Argus Media) Arkansas and Oklahoma have joined an oil industry effort to delay beyond 2024 a gasoline reformulation that eight Midwestern states have requested to preserve year-round sales of 15pc ethanol gasoline (E15). Unless the fuel specification change is

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Sen. Klobuchar Tours Guardian Energy; Introduces GREET Legislation

(Minnesota Bio-Fuels Association) Sen. Amy Klobuchar toured Minnesota Bio-Fuels Association Producer Member, Guardian Energy, in Janesville on Oct 14 to reiterate her support for Minnesota’s ethanol industry and discuss her work to lift outdated restrictions on the summertime sale of E15.  “It

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E15 Sales Surged This Summer but Remain Threatened by Obsolete Restrictions

by Scott Richman (Renewable Fuels Association) Sales of E15, a gasoline blend containing 15 percent ethanol, surged this summer (June-August) compared to the same period in 2022, according to a new Renewable Fuels Association analysis. RFA examined data from the Minnesota Department of Commerce,

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New Issue Brief on Next Generation Fuels Act

(Clean Fuels Development Coalition) CFDC has produced an Issue Brief clearly explaining the provisions of the Next Gen legislation and makes a compelling case for its passage. The new brief, the latest in CFDC’s highly successful Issue Brief and White Paper series,

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EPA Adviser Expects E15 Rule This Year

by Chris Clayton (DTN Progressive Farmer)  EPA Official Discusses E15, ESA Pesticide Challenges and PFAS Contamination --  Rod Snyder, senior adviser for agriculture at EPA, said Monday that the agency is on course to finalize a rule allowing permanent sales of E15

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Iowa AG Brenna Bird Sues EPA over Ethanol Rules, Saying It 'Dragged Its Feet' on E-15 Sales

by Galen Bacharier (Des Moines Register) Iowa Attorney General Brenna Bird is suing the Environmental Protection Agency, as Iowa and Nebraska try to force the agency to issue final rules allowing the year-round sale of gasoline blended with 15% ethanol. The Republican

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RFS and the Push for Greater Ethanol Content in Gasoline

by Brian Milne (DTN)  ... Owing to insufficient production, EPA has had to frequently issue waivers for the cellulosic biofuel nested category. However, EPA’s 2019 final rule pegged volume requirements below statute for total renewable fuel, triggering the agency’s reset authority

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The Battle of the Ethanol Bulge

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) ... The Iowa Renewable Fuels Association summed it up thus: “The EPA’s action means that E10 and E15 will have the same volatility limit for the summer driving season that runs from June 1 to

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Biden EPA to Allow Summer Sales of High-Ethanol E15 Gasoline

Jennifer A. Dlouhy (Bloomberg/Yahoo!) Biden administration officials have decided to issue an emergency waiver that will allow widespread sales of higher-ethanol E15 gasoline this summer, following a strategy used last year to help tamp down high pump prices. ... To justify the

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Biden Administration Sees Year-Round Sales of Higher Ethanol Fuel by 2024

by Leah Douglas and Stephanie Kelly (Reuters) A U.S. plan for year-round sales of a fuel blend with more ethanol known as E15 in eight Midwestern states will likely go into effect in summer 2024, a year later than the states

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Researchers Find New Blends for Greener Gas in DOE Co-Optima Research

by Lynn Wendt (U.S. Department of Energy) In 2019, after three years of fuel and engine research, the Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Co-Optimization of Fuels & Engines (Co-Optima) initiative selected and recommended 10 different bio-blendstocks that could be used to make

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Statewide Use of E15 Would Contribute over $1 Billion to MN'S Economy

(Minnesota Bio-Fuels Association)  Transitioning to E15 from E10 in Minnesota would contribute $1.06 billion to Minnesota’s gross domestic product (GDP), according to a new study by ABF Economics. The study said statewide use of E15 in Minnesota will increase ethanol demand, benefit consumers

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The ‘E’ Is Silent

by Ron Lamberty (American Coalition for Ethanol)  When EPA examined concerns about removing the 1-pound RVP waiver during the high-ozone season to facilitate year-round blending of E15, it gave zero consideration to the negative economic impact a "gap year" would

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Countdown: Lower-Cost E15 Fuel Under Threat -- Washington Must Act Now to Save Summertime E15

(Renewable Fuels Association) Gas prices remain elevated and hard-working families are feeling pain at the pump. Fortunately, American-made ethanol provides some relief. Today, gas with 15 percent ethanol is the lowest-priced fuel available. But this blend, E15, will disappear on Thursday,

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Virtual Public Hearing: Request from States for Removal of Gasoline Volatility Waiver --- March 21, 2023 --- ONLINE Public Comment DEADLINE April 20, 2023

(Environmental Protection Agency/Federal Register) Pursuant to provisions specified by the Clean Air Act (CAA), governors of eight states submitted petitions requesting that EPA remove the 1-pound per square inch (psi) Reid vapor pressure (RVP) waiver for summer gasoline-ethanol blended fuels containing

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Ethanol Blog -- Iowa, Nebraska Attorneys General to Sue EPA on Delay on E15 Rule Unless Effective Date Moved Up

by Todd Neeley (DTN Progressive Farmer) The attorneys general of Nebraska and Iowa announced their intent to sue the EPA on its proposed E15 rule for eight states, in a certified letter delivered to EPA Administrator Michael Regan on Monday. The states

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Ethanol, Oil Groups Find Common Ground: High-Octane Fuels Legislation Still Alive in 118th Congress; Passage Still in Question

by Todd Neeley (DTN Progressive Farmer) If there's a piece of legislation oil, automakers and renewable fuels companies can get behind as the wave of the future for fuels, it may have been the Next Generation Fuels Act pushed to the

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Iowa Governor Says She'll Use Courts, Waiver Request to Get E15 This Summer

by Steve Davies (Agri-Pulse)  Iowa Gov. Kim Reynolds says she will do whatever she can, working with other Midwestern governors, to get E15 approved for use this summer. She also describes carbon sequestration as critical to the ethanol industry's future,

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RFA’s Cooper: Persistence and Momentum Key to Ethanol Industry Success in 2023

(Renewable Fuels Association)  The innate persistence of the U.S. ethanol industry and its champions can drive renewable fuels to new heights in 2023, Renewable Fuels Association President and CEO Geoff Cooper said today in his annual “State of the Industry” presentation

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RFA Releases 2023 Ethanol Industry Outlook and Pocket Guide: “Ready. Set. Go!”

(Renewable Fuels Association)  The Renewable Fuels Association released its 2023 Ethanol Industry Outlook and Pocket Guide today during the 28th annual National Ethanol Conference in Orlando. The annual publications serve as the go-to source of ethanol industry information, facts, and statistics. In 2022, the U.S. ethanol

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United States Energy Information Administration Data Indicates Ethanol Blend Rate Hit Record High in 2022

by Jody Heemstra (DRG News) Data released this week (Feb. 28, 2023) by the U.S. Energy Information Administration for 2022 show that ethanol volumes continued to recover from the pandemic-affected levels of 2020 and that the ethanol blend rate (i.e., the

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Biden to Set in Motion Gasoline Policy Shift to Bolster Ethanol

by Jennifer A Dlouhy (Bloomberg) ... The administration is set to outline its plans to formally propose the change soon, setting the change in motion in time for next year’s summer driving season, according to people familiar with the matter

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8 State Requests for Year-Round E15 Reviewed by US Budget Office

by Jim Wiesemeyer (AgWeb) The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) on Friday completed its review of eight states requests to remove the volatility waiver provided under law for ethanol blends—the Reid Vapor Pressure (RVP) waiver of 1 pound per square inch

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RFA: Minnesota E15 Volume Hits Record

(Renewable Fuels Association/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Sales of E15, a gasoline blend containing 15 percent ethanol, hit a record 171 million gallons in Minnesota in 2022, according to a new Renewable Fuels Association analysis of data from the Minnesota Department of Commerce. This

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Ernst Leaving 'No Stone Unturned' in Year-Round E15 Advocacy

by Lydia Johnson (Agri-Pulse)  Iowa Republican Sen. Joni Ernst is pressing for legislation allowing use of E15 throughout the year in the face of delayed action from the Environmental Protection Agency.  Speaking on this week’s Agri-Pulse Newsmakers, Ernst discussed her work pressuring the Biden

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Accelerating Domestic Ethanol Use in 2023

by Brian Jennings (American Coalition for Ethanol)  With its D.C. fly-in happening at the end of March, the American Coalition for Ethanol's CEO is optimistic about the industry's ability to make progress on higher ethanol blends, both E15 and E85,

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Bipartisan Group of Lawmakers Seeks Immediate Action on Year-Round E15

(Renewable Fuels Association)  The Renewable Fuels Association today applauded a bipartisan group of 31 U.S. Senators and House Representatives for urging the Biden administration to quickly approve a petition from Midwest governors to allow the year-round sale of E15 in their states. “We thank

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Ethanol Industry Details Policy Needs Biofuels Industry Champions Carbon Pipelines under State Legislative Challenges

by Chris Clayton (DTN Progressive Farmer)   Geoff Cooper, president and CEO of the Renewable Fuels Association, isn't holding out much hope for new legislation for biofuels in the new Congress. "If the last few weeks are any indication, we're in

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How a Plan to Boost Ethanol Would Reverberate Across the US

by Jennifer A. Dlouhy (Bloomberg/Washington Post)  ... There is no ethanol in raw gasoline, known as blendstock; oxygen additives are incorporated later, right before retail sale. To ensure E10 sold in those Midwest states has a lower volatility and can

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New Congress, New Opportunities

by Troy Bredenkamp (Renewable Fuels Association) ...  As the calendar turned to 2023, the 118th Congress began with some significant changes in the legislative landscape. Republicans now have control of the House of Representatives for the first time since 2019. With

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Iowa Gov. Kim Reynolds to Receive RFA’s 2023 Industry Award

(Renewable Fuels Association) The Renewable Fuels Association is proud to announce that Iowa Gov. Kim Reynolds will visit the upcoming National Ethanol Conference to receive the RFA’s annual Industry Award, the ethanol industry’s highest honor. Each year, the award is presented to an

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Ethanol Blog: State AGs Give EPA until End of January to Respond to Year-Round E15 Petitions

by Todd Neeley (DTN Progressive Farmer)  With 270 days now passed since a group of Midwest governors asked EPA to take action to allow their states permanently sell E15 year-round, a group of attorneys general are pressing the agency to act. In

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US Refiners Push One-Year Delay on E15 Petition

by Chris Knight (Argus Media) Shell, Phillips 66 and Chevron are among the oil companies seeking at least a one-year delay, until 1 May 2024, for a fuel specification change in eight states intended to support continued year-round sales of 15pc

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Permanent E15 Solution Possible in 2023

by Mark Dorenkamp (Brownfield Ag News)  ... Executive director Brian Werner says the Minnesota Biofuels Association was among several state renewable energy groups recently on a call with EPA to press for approval of a petition filed by eight Midwestern governors

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What Are Renewable Fuels Association’s Priorities for the New Congress?

by Currey McCullough (RFD TV) ... President and CEO, Geoff Cooper says out the gate he is not expecting much activity on Capitol Hill when it comes to renewable fuels or energy, largely due to a split Congress. He says the

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OMB Agenda Confirms Timelines for RFS, E15, Biopreferred Rules

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) The White House Office of Management and Budget on Jan. 4 published its 2022 Fall Unified Agenda and Regulatory Plan, confirming the expected timeline on federal rulemakings related to the Renewable Fuel Standard, E15 sales

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250 Groups Call for Senate Passage of Year-Round E15 Bill

by Cindy Zimmerman (Energy.AgWired.com) Over 250 organizations and companies signed a letter to Congressional leaders this week calling for quick passage of S. 5145, the Consumer and Fuel Retailer Choice Act of 2022, a bipartisan bill that allows for year-round of E15 by extending the

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White House Reviewing Governors E15 Volatility Petition

By Cindy Zimmerman (Energy.AgWired.com) The White House Office of Management and Budget is now officially reviewing the request from nine Midwest governors to eliminate the 1-psi RVP waiver for E10 in their states and allow year-round sales of E15, according to

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U.S. Senators Introduce Bill to Expand E15 Gasoline Sales, with Support from Oil Group

by Stephanie Kelly (Reuters) U.S. senators from Nebraska and Minnesota introduced legislation on Tuesday that would expand nationwide sales of E15, a gasoline with a higher blend of ethanol, after gaining support for the bill from an oil industry trade group

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Ethanol, Petroleum and Ag Groups Express Support for Year-Round E15 Legislation

(Renewable Fuels Association) In a letter sent yesterday to U.S. Senate and House leadership, a broad coalition of energy and agriculture organizations called on Congress to quickly adopt legislation that would resolve inconsistent fuel volatility regulations. Specifically, the groups expressed support for legislation

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EIA Report Spotlights Increased Ethanol Blend Rate, Lower Cost to Drivers

(Renewable Fuels Association) A report released today (November 16, 2022) by the U.S. Energy Information Administration demonstrates clearly that higher blends of ethanol helped moderate fuel prices in the wake of the Ukraine invasion. The report noted that the U.S. ethanol blend

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RFA Leading the Charge on IRA Implementation

(Renewable Fuels Association) Testimony, Comments Provided to Treasury, IRS, USDA -- In separate comments and testimony to the U.S. Department of Treasury, Internal Revenue Service and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the Renewable Fuels Association laid out the ethanol industry’s priorities

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Biofuel Stakeholders Urge Walz to Continue Push for Year-Round E15 Fix

(Minnesota Bi0-Fuels Association) The Minnesota Bio-Fuels Association (MN Bio-Fuels), along with other biofuel and agriculture stakeholders in the state, sent a letter to Gov. Tim Walz on Oct 17 asking him to remain committed to a regulatory solution that will ensure

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Gov. Kelly Speaks about Ethanol, Employment and Agriculture in Hutchinson Friday

by John Green (The Hutchinson News)  Governor Laura Kelly joined a handful of local leaders in Hutchinson Friday for a roundtable discussion focused on economic and agricultural growth in central Kansas. ... Kelly said water is an issue she has

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Biofuel Stakeholders Urge Walz to Continue Push for Year-Round E15 Fix

(Minnesota Bio-Fuels Association) The Minnesota Bio-Fuels Association (MN Bio-Fuels), along with other biofuel and agriculture stakeholders in the state, sent a letter to Gov. Tim Walz on Oct 17 asking him to remain committed to a regulatory solution that will ensure

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US Biofuel Industry Hopes Their Voices Are Heard as EPA Eyes Final Rules on E15, RFS

by Jasmin Melvin (S&P Global) E15 solution for Midwest states coming: Regan; Biofuel group pushes for nationwide action; Lays out industry priorities for next RFS rulemaking -- A promise by US Environmental Protection Agency Administrator Michael Regan to lift a summertime ban on

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US EPA Set to Finalize Rule on State Sales of Higher-Ethanol Gasoline Blend - Regan

by Stephanie Kelly (Reuters) The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency intends to finalize a rule before next summer to allow the year-round sale of gasoline blended with a higher level of ethanol in several states, EPA Administrator Michael Regan said on Tuesday. The

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Data Show Drivers Flocking to E15, E85 Amidst Record Gas Prices

by Ken Colombini (Renewable Fuels Association)  As gasoline prices hit record levels earlier this summer, we heard plenty of anecdotal stories about a surge in the number of drivers seeking out lower-cost alternatives like E15 and E85. Now, we have fresh

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OMB’s Spring Regulatory Agenda Includes Timelines for RFS Rules

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) The U.S. EPA has indicated it will release proposed rules related to the 2023 Renewable Fuel Standard renewable volume obligation (RVO) and state requests to allow summer E15 sales within the next several months. The

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'Hold Your Nose': Some Dems Reluctantly Back Ethanol Bill

by George Cahlink (E&E News/Politico Pro) Some House Democrats say they'll vote for the bill as part of an inflation-fighting package to help vulnerable members — but they won't like it.  --  Some House Democrats have major concerns with pro-ethanol legislation,

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Ohio Asks EPA for Permanent E15 Change

by Todd Neeley (DTN Progressive Farmer) List of Midwest States Seeking E15 Rulemaking Grows to Nine With Ohio Request -- Add Ohio to a list of Midwest states that are asking the EPA to make a permanent change to allow year-round

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House to Vote on Biofuel Build-out, Ethanol Cap Lift

by Marc Heller (E&E News/Politico Pro) The House is poised to vote on a bill combining expanded biofuels with oversight of livestock markets and conservation efforts. --  The House will vote this week on legislation combining several agriculture priorities, including expanded

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House Democrats Unveil "Lower Food and Fuels Costs" Bill

by Chuck Abbott (Successful Farming) The House could vote as early as next week on an omnibus bill that would allow summertime sale of E15, create a special investigator’s office at the USDA to enforce fair-play laws in meatpacking, and

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Clearing the Air on E15 and Smog

by Geoff Cooper (Renewable Fuels Association/Ethanol Producer Magazine) ... In 2017 congressional testimony, Dr. Janet Yanowitz of EcoEngineering Inc., an environmental consulting firm, reviewed the existing scientific literature on E15’s emissions, concluding that “the available emissions test data indicates that replacing

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New Ethanol Law Could Spark Regional Trend, Biofuels Exec Says

by Jared Strong (Iowa Capital Dispatch) A new state law that requires most of Iowa’s fuel stations to sell a gasoline blend with 15% ethanol will rapidly expand the fuel’s availability, but the law’s long-term effects might be more potent, according

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Clearing the Air on E15 and Smog

by Geoff Cooper (Renewable Fuels Association/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  While E15 scored an important temporary victory in April, we need to continue to educate consumers and policymakers about the higher blend's benefits and true regulatory history as the oil industry and

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As Gas Prices Soar, Is Ethanol a Viable Option to Relieve Pain at the Pump?

by John Lauritsen (CBS Minnesota)  ... (Brian) Thalmann believes E15, also known as Unleaded 88, can alleviate rising gas prices. It’s EPA approved for passenger vehicles 2001 and newer, as well as flex-fuel vehicles. “It’s a 15% blend of ethanol and generally

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E15: Silver Bullet for Gasoline Prices?

by Adam Schubert (Stillwater Associates) On April 12th, President Biden announced that the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) would issue an emergency waiver of federal gasoline Reid Vapor Pressure (RVP) regulations this summer for E15—a 15% blend of ethanol with

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Ethanol's Biggest Problem Is PR

(News Press Now) Normally, any move to increase the supply of renewable fuel should draw widespread praise. Even more so if this measure saves the average consumer $9 a month and reduces dependency on oil exports that finance Russia’s war

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Year-Round E15 Is a Good First Step, But More Is Needed to Confront the New Energy Crisis

by C. Boyden Gray (Real Clean Energy) ... I’s also one of the most cost-effective green energy solutions available. This is because ethanol is the world’s cheapest and cleanest source of octane. High octane fuels made with ethanol are not only

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USDA Report Highlights Hurdles to Higher Ethanol Blends

(Farm Journal Ag/Web/Pro Farmer Editors) Biofuel and farm groups see E15 and other higher blends of corn ethanol into gasoline as the strategy to increased sales, but the current structure of the Renewable Fuel Standard “does not serve to incentivize

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Opinion: Ethanol Helps Cut Toxic Emissions

by Geoff Cooper (Renewable Fuels Association/Washington Post)  Americans should be thanking President Biden for allowing the continued sale of lower-cost, lower-carbon E15 this summer (letters, “No more ethanol in gas,” April 22). E15 is saving drivers as much as 30

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U.S. EPA Issues Waiver to Allow Temporary Sales of Summertime Higher-Ethanol Fuel

by Stephanie Kelly (Reuters) The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency issued an emergency waiver for a higher-ethanol gasoline blend on Friday, allowing summertime sales of the fuel in an attempt to help lower gasoline prices at the pump. The move represents a temporary

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It's Time For Ethanol Honesty: Sparring with the New Spate of Anti-Ethanol Scatological Slurs

by Marc J. Rauch (The Auto Channel) The April announcement by Joe Biden that E15 would be allowed to be sold year-round set off a frenzied spate of new attacks on the good fuel...the clean fuel...the 100% domestically produced fuel: ETHANOL. TV

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Gov. Reynolds Issues Statement on Bipartisan Passage of Biofuels Bill

(Office of Governor Kim Reynolds (R-IA)) Gov. Reynolds released the following statement today in response to the legislature passing HF2128:  “This is a historic win for Iowa families, for our agriculture and biofuels industry, and for Iowa’s entire economy. By increasing access to

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RFA Offers E15 Fact Check List

by Cindy Zimmerman (Energy.AgWired.com) Media coverage of President Biden’s announcement last Tuesday that consumers will continue to have access to lower-cost 15% ethanol fuel this summer contained a great deal of misinformation, despite the best efforts of the ethanol industry to

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Glacial Lakes Energy, LLC Calls on Congressional Delegation to Double up on E15

(Great Lakes Energy)  Says E30 Blends Can More than Offset the loss of Russian Oil, No RVP Waiver Needed -- – Opening the door to 30% ethanol blends would save consumers billions of dollars at the gas pump and reduce

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Fact Finders: Will 15% Ethanol Seriously Cut My Gas Mileage?

by Paul Adler  (KY3.com) ... Most gasoline sold in the U.S. is blended with 10% ethanol. The biofuel is currently cheaper than pure gas. E15 is usually prohibited between June 1st and September 15th. The administration predicts their action will save drivers an average of

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Tennessee Corn Promotion Board Addresses E15 Use for Fuel

(Tennessee Corn Promotion Board/Press Newswire) Last week President Biden announced that E15 will be sold this summer in an effort to reduce gasoline prices. E15 is a plant-based fuel made from corn. Often marketed as Unleaded 88, E15 is a renewable

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What’s Next for E15 after Biden’s Announcement?

by Jacqui Fatka (Farm Progress)  ... It is hard to predict the demand picture under the expanded E15 scenario, but lower estimates of a continued status quo indicate at least 300 million gallons of additional ethanol could be used by

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Secy. Vilsack: E15 Won’t Inflate Food Prices, 'There’s Plenty of Corn Here'

by Jenna Hoffman (Farm Journal/AgWeb) Vilsack says concerns over inflated food costs due to increased E15 consumption can be put to rest — any grocery price hike is not coming from E15 because “there’s plenty of corn here.” -- Corn chatter

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Boost in Ethanol Renews the False Food Versus Fuel Argument

(Solutions from the Land) ...  Unfortunately, the White House action promoting E15 has also brought with it a resurrection of grumbling from oil industry advocates and others claiming that the increased use of corn as a feedstock to make more ethanol

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Biden to Announce Plan to Ease Gas Prices as Inflationary Pressures Persist

by Jeff Stein and Evan Halper  (Washington Post) The EPA plans to issue a national, emergency waiver to allow use of blended biofuels over the summer hours after report is expected to show inflation keeps surging  -- The White House

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With Biden Visiting a Central Iowa Ethanol Plant, Producers Hope He'll Suspend Summer E15 Sales Ban

by Donnelle Eller (Des Moines Register)  President Joe Biden is expected to announce in a Tuesday visit to central Iowa that his administration will suspend a ban on summer sales of gasoline blended with 15% ethanol. The White House said Biden will speak Tuesday

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Ethanol Blog: Three States Ask for Waiver to Allow E15 Sales to Continue Come June 1

by Todd Neeley (DTN Progressive Farmer) Attorneys general in Iowa, Kansas and the governor of Minnesota asked the EPA for a waiver to allow E15 sales to continue in their states when those sales are set to end starting on June

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Calls for E15 Action Face Unwritten Deadlines

by Spencer Chase (Agri-Pulse) The Biden administration is fielding a steady stream of requests for emergency action to allow for summertime sales of E15, but those calls are coming up against the realities of the fuel supply chain as demonstrated

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Kildee Highlights Bill that Would Allow More Ethanol in Gasoline Year-Round

by Ryan Jeltema (ABC 12)  Legislation in the U.S. House aims to lower gas prices while supporting Mid-Michigan farmers. The Year-Round Fuel Choice Act was introduced last summer, but it's being considered now because of the near-record high gas prices. The bill would

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EPA's Snyder: E15 Work Underway EPA Ag Adviser Tells Ethanol Producers Agency Working with States to Restore E15

by Todd Neeley (DTN Progressive Farmer)  With the start of the summer driving season fast approaching and year-round E15 sales no longer an option, EPA's Rod Snyder said on Thursday the agency continues to work to restore those sales. Snyder, who is

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Grassley and Ernst Call on Biden to Unleash Iowa Biofuel Immediately as Gas Prices Hit Record High, U.S. Bans Russian Oil

(Office of Senator Chuck Grassley (R-IA))  Iowa senators introduce bipartisan legislation to open up the use of clean, American-made renewable fuels that are available right now to replace banned Russian oil  -- As gas prices hit all-time record highs, Sens. Chuck Grassley

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Reflections from The Hill

by Tom Bryan (Ethanol Producer Magazine) ...  I (Geoff Cooper, Renewable Fuels Association CEO and President) also think the industry understands that we have a vision for the future of ethanol production that’s progressive and exciting. Too many people are

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Year-Round E15: There’s More than One Way to Peel a Banana

by Geoff Cooper (Renewable Fuels Association/Ethanol Producer Magazine) ... Recognizing this, the governors of seven Midwest states sent a letter to EPA Administrator Michael Regan in early November seeking guidance from the agency on how best to pursue a specific—and

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IRFA Summit Focuses on Policy, Future Market Opportunities

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) ... Monte Shaw, executive director of the Iowa Renewable Fuels Association, provided an overview of political and regulatory issues impacting the biofuels sector, stressing that Iowa’s biofuel industry is “fed up but fired up.” The industry

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Ag Group Wants Mandatory Use of Biofuels at All Iowa Pumps

by TOM (KIWA Radio) The head of Iowa’s largest agricultural organization is urging state lawmakers to reconsider a measure which would mandate the use of renewable fuels in Iowa that are produced in-state. Iowa Farm Bureau president Brent Johnson says the Iowa

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E15 Battle Isn't Over Yet

by Matthew Choi (Politico's Morning Energy)  Sen. Chuck Grassley (R-Iowa) called on Congress to pass the bipartisan Consumer and Fuel Retailer Choice Act (S. 2339 (117)) to allow year-round sales of fuel with higher blends of ethanol after the Supreme Court declined

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Largest Biofuel Producer Eyes E15 as National Standard

by Kellan Heavican (Brownfield Ag News)  The world’s largest biofuel producer wants to make 15-percent blended ethanol fuel the national standard in the U.S. Doug Berven is the Vice President of Corporate Affairs with POET. “It’s so much better for the consumer,

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Supreme Court Consider E15 Case during Jan. 7 Conference

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Produce Magazine) The U.S. Supreme Court is scheduled to consider whether it will review a July 2, 2021, decision handed down by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit that vacated a U.S. EPA rule

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US Government Urges Supreme Court to Deny Review of E15 Case

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) The U.S. Department of Justice on Dec. 8 filed a brief urging the U.S. Supreme Court to deny a writ of certiorari filed by Growth Energy seeking the review of a lower court’s decision that

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MN Dept of Ag Commissioner Visits Granite Falls Energy

(Minnesota Bio-Fuels Association)  Minnesota Department of Agriculture Commissioner, Thom Peterson, visited the Granite Falls Energy plant on Nov 22 to gain a better understanding of the ethanol industry’s efforts in lowering its carbon footprint and its role in helping the state

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Biofuel Industry Pushes for ‘All-the-Above’ Approach

by Gene Lucht (Iowa Farmer Today)  Things are looking up, but they are also very much up in the air when it comes to ethanol this year. While ethanol production facilities have benefited from an improved national economy as the U.S. emerges

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Ethanol Industry Pursues Final Legal Avenue on Year-Round E15

by Jacqui Fatka  (Farm Progress) Growth Energy files petition to take fight of whether E15 legal to U.S. Supreme Court. --Ethanol and corn producers continue to claim 15% ethanol fuel is safe for year-round use. However, courts have overturned a waiver

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U.S. Environment Agency Urged by 21 States to Toughen Vehicle Emissions Rewrite

by David Shepardson (Reuters)  A group of 21 state attorneys general, the District of Columbia, and several major U.S. cities urged the Biden administration to finalize significantly stricter vehicle emissions rules than it has proposed. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in

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E15 Ruling Rehearing Denied

by Cindy Zimmerman (Energy.AgWired.com) The D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals Thursday denied a petition for rehearing regarding the recent American Fuel & Petrochemical Manufacturers, et al. vs. EPA decision, in which the court vacated a 2019 regulation allowing year-round sales of a fifteen percent

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Klobuchar, Colleagues Urge Schumer, Pelosi to Support Homegrown Renewable Fuels in Reconciliation Package

(Office of Amy Klobuchar (D-MN)) U.S. Senators Amy Klobuchar (D-MN), Tammy Duckworth (D-IL), Tammy Baldwin (D-WI), Tina Smith (D-MN), and Dick Durbin (D-IL) and Representatives Cindy Axne (D-IA), Angie Craig (D-MN), Cheri Bustos (D-IL), and Mark Pocan (D-WI) sent a letter

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US EPA Issues RVP Waiver for Gasoline in Louisiana, Mississippi following Ida

by Jeff Mower (S&P Global) Waiver valid through Sept. 15, 2021; Ida brings down roughly 2.2 mil b/d refining capacity; NYMEX RBOB prices edge lower  --  The US Environmental Protection Agency has issued a temporary waiver to federal RVP requirements

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RFA: Simple Action by EPA Can Help Reduce Hurricane Ida’s Fuel Price Shock

(Renewable Fuels Association) With Hurricane Ida impacting the nation’s liquid fuel supply and distribution, the Renewable Fuels Association today urged the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to take two quick and simple steps that can extend fuel supplies and reduce price spikes expected at

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Biofuel and Farm Group Intervenors File Petition for Rehearing of D.C Circuit RVP Decision

(Renewable Fuels Association) The Renewable Fuels Association, Growth Energy and the National Corn Growers Association filed a petition for rehearing with the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals regarding the recent American Fuel & Petrochemical Manufacturers, et al. vs. EPA decision, in which the court vacated

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ACE: Senate Infrastructure Package Falls Short for Low-Carbon Biofuels

(American Coalition for Ethanol/GrainNet) American Coalition for Ethanol (ACE) CEO Brian Jennings issued the following statement on the lack of investment in low-carbon biofuels in the bipartisan infrastructure package the U.S. Senate passed today (Aug. 10): “The Senate’s infrastructure bill is a missed

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Ethanol Blog RFA's Cooper: Group Intends to Ask DC Circuit Court for Rehearing on E15 Ruling

by Todd Neeley (DTN Progressive Farmer) The Renewable Fuels Association is planning to petition the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia for a rehearing of an E15 case that could jeopardize the year-round sale of the 15% ethanol

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Representataives Angie Craig, Adrian Smith Lead Bipartisan Effort from Congressional Biofuels Caucus in Introducing Legislation to Allow Year-Round E15 Sales

(Office of U.S. Representatives Angie Craig (D-MN 2nd)  Craig and Smith’s Legislation has been endorsed by Growth Energy, the Renewable Fuels Association and the National Corn Growers Association  --  Today, U.S. Representatives Angie Craig (D-MN) and Adrian Smith (R-NE) led Co-Chairs

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Five Ways to Save Year-Round E15 Sales E15's Path Forward May Include Courts, Congress, Regulation

by Todd Neeley (DTN Progressive Farmer) The nixing of EPA's E15 rule that allowed year-round sales has in many respects taken the ethanol industry back to square one.  The U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit last week tossed

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Growth Energy, RFA, NCGA Disagree with Court’s Decision to Reverse E15 Year-round

(Growth Energy) The D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals reversed a 2019 rule by the Environmental Protection Agency that lifted outdated restrictions on the sale of a fifteen percent ethanol fuel blend (E15). The case, American Fuel & Petrochemical Manufacturers, et al. vs.

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EPA Provides Some Clarity on Mid-Level Blends in Court

(Urban Air Institute) A three-judge-panel in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit heard oral arguments Tuesday that the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) did not go far enough when it extended the 1 pound RVP waiver to allow year-round

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RFA, Growth Energy and NCGA Defend Year-Round E15 in Court

(Renewable Fuels Association) Today, the D.C. Circuit Court will hear oral arguments in American Fuel & Petrochemical Manufacturers, et al. vs. EPA, a case in which oil refiners challenge the Environmental Protection Agency’s 2019 rulemaking that paved the way for the year-round

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U.S. Regulatory Changes Alter Landscape for Summer Gasolines

(OPIS)  On Jan. 1, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Fuels Regulatory Streamlining Rule went into effect, and while some impacts are already being felt in east of the Rockies markets, others are on the horizon as gasoline markets continue

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Ethanol Blog: EPA Approves Year-Round E15 Sales in Kansas City Metro Area

by Todd Neeley (DTN Progressive Farmer) EPA will allow year-round E15 sales in the Kansas City metro area, the agency announced in a news release on Friday. The Trump administration opened up year-round sales of E15, by granting a Reid vapor pressure,

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CFDC Calls Nebraska E30 Demonstration One More Step Towards Higher Blends

(Clean Fuels Development Coalition) The Clean Fuels Development Coalition (CFDC) today applauded the work of the State of Nebraska following the release of a report that found higher ethanol blends are safe, efficient, and cost effective when used in conventional vehicles. The

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An Open Letter to the Ethanol Community from Ethanol Producers

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) ... (T)he overriding objective should be to increase demand, which increases ethanol volume and corn grind.  With that in mind, do we continue to fight for what is almost certain to be a reduced

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Trust Me. I’m from the Government and Here to Help

by Dave VanderGriend (ICM/Urban Air Initiative/Ethanol Producer Magazine) ... But what we thought we did know was that he (President Donald Trump) was determined to remove regulations that were holding back American business. So that held some excitement and promise

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Bustos Introduces Next Generation Fuels Act

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) Rep. Cheri Bustos, D-Ill., on Sept. 24 introduced the Next Generation Fuels Act, a bill that establishes a minimum octane standard for gasoline and requires sources of added octane value to reduce carbon emissions by

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EPA Delivers Final Fuels Regulatory Streamlining Rule to OMB

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) The U.S. EPA released a proposed rule on April 13 that aims to streamline and modernize the agency’s existing fuels regulations. In the rulemaking, the EPA said it is proposing “some slight modifications to

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Proposal Aims to Lift Regulation Barring E15 Sales in Kansas City

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  The Kansas Department of Health and Environment has announced it will hold a public hearing on Nov. 4 to consider the revocation of an existing regulation that prevents the sale of E15 in the Kansas City area

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Renew Kansas Biofuels Association on E15 Reg.

(KTIC Radio/Renew Kansas) Renew Kansas Biofuels Association submitted written comments to Kansas Department of Health and Environment (KDHE) regarding the agency’s notice of public hearing on its proposal to revoke an existing regulation limiting the Reid Vapor Pressure (RVP) of ethanol-blended

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Biofuel Supporters Back in Court: Orgs File Brief Supporting EPA's 2019 Regulation Allowing Year-Round E15 Use.

(Farm Progress/Growth Energy) Growth Energy, the Renewable Fuels Association, and the National Corn Growers Association on Friday filed a brief in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit supporting and defending the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s 2019 regulation that allowed year-round

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Farmers, Ethanol Producers File Court Brief Defending EPA’s Year-Round E15 Regulation

(Growth Energy) Responding to the oil industry’s effort to undermine the expansion of E15 (gasoline containing 15% ethanol), Growth Energy, the Renewable Fuels Association, and National Corn Growers Association on Friday filed a brief in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C.

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RFA Provides USDA a Roadmap to Renewable Fuel Growth

(Renewable Fuels Association) The Renewable Fuels Association this week responded to the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s request for comment on its Agriculture Innovation Agenda (AIA). Regarding renewable fuels, the agenda calls for Increased biofuel feedstock production and biofuel production efficiency and competitiveness to

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The Standoff for E30

by Susanne Retka Schill  (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  The U.S. Departments of Agriculture and Energy may be just a block or two apart on Independence Avenue in Washington, D.C., but they are miles apart on their long-term outlook for ethanol. Seemingly

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EPA Releases Proposal to Streamline Existing Fuels Regulations

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) The U.S. EPA released a proposed rule on April 13 that aims to streamline and modernize the agency’s existing fuels regulations. In the rulemaking, the EPA said it is proposing “some slight modifications to the

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Seeing New Markets Clearly in 2020

by Ron Lamberty (American Coalition for Ethanol/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  ... Straight-ahead, black and white vision tells us updated Reid vapor pressure (RVP) rules mean more E15 sales in 2020. No question. However, to move significant new ethanol volume in E15,

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USDA's 30 Year Vision: No Need to Wander Like Moses

by Douglas Duarante (Clean Fuels Development Coalition/Biofuels Digest)  ... U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) ...  presented a 10 year plan for E15 and a 30 year plan for E30 that is neither bold nor visionary and clearly suggests they need

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RFA Analysis Finds Record E15 Sales in 2019

(Renewable Fuels Association) A new Renewable Fuels Association analysis found that approximately 500 million gallons of E15 were sold nationwide in 2019, setting a new record and proving that the Trump administration’s elimination last summer of an obsolete regulatory barrier is

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Lawmakers Pitch Plan to Trash Ethanol Mandate Amid Industry Clashes

by Brian Dabbs (National Journal)  ...  Now, though, two retiring Republican House members want to carve out a new future for U.S. liquid transportation fuel policy. Rep. John Shimkus of Illinois, who represents some of the most prolific corn-producing counties

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Ethanol Blog: Governors Ask Trump to Take Executive Actions on Biofuels

by Todd Neeley (DTN Progressive Farmer)  First and foremost, the group asked Trump to expedite any new rulemaking process aimed at the waivers issue. ... As part of the biofuels announcement last week, the Trump administration also directed EPA and USDA to

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An Identity Crisis—Ethanol Blending is a Refinery?

by Dave VanderGriend (Urban Air Initiative/Biofuels Digest)  ... (A)nyone who owns a blender pump woke up one day in June to find out they were a refiner! Actually, a “fuel manufacturer” to be exact, with all the numbing, strangling regulations that

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Wondering What If -- Real-World Fuels Are Needed as Part of Real-World Testing to Prove Ethanol's Worth in Helping to Boost Octane and Lower Emissions.

by Steve Vander Griend (Ethanol Producer Magazine/Urban Air Initiative)  ... While we are all glad Reid vapor pressure (RVP) relief for E15 was finalized, limiting us to E15 makes this a small victory rather than the game-changer it could have

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Market Movers

by Lisa Gibson (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Projections for E15 have been inconsistent since the May 31 Reid vapor pressure waiver. Ethanol Producer Magazine explores some of the factors that will influence the blend's trajectory in the coming years. ... Before the waiver,

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ACE Conference: An Update on Litigation Affecting the Industry

by Matt Thompson (Ethanol Producer Magazine) Bryan Stockton gave attendees of the American Coalition for Ethanol’s annual conference in Omaha, Nebraska, an update on some of the litigation affecting the ethanol industry. Stockton is an attorney at Pillsbury Winthrop Shaw Pittman

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O’Brien: Retailers, Prime the Pump Set the Stage for E15 Adoption

by Matt Thompson (Ethanol Producer Magazine) For retailers who are still looking to add E15 to their product mix, Growth Energy’s vice president of market development, Mike O’Brien believes there’s no better place to learn about and ask questions than the

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MN Biofuels Releases 2019 First Half Report

(Minnesota Bio-Fuels Association)  The Minnesota Bio-Fuels Association (MN Biofuels) released its 2019 First Half Report to its members at a networking event in Prior Lake yesterday. The report gave its members an overview of Minnesota's ethanol industry in the first six months

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(synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E100 E100 conversion kit E11 E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E2 E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E3 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E70 diesel E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency egg shell Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric Vehicle (EV) Prices electric grid electricity electricity price electricity/power generation electricity/power transmission electrocatalysis electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels (e-fuels) electrofuels (e-fuels) prices electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) electrons Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants embargo eminent domain emissions emissions standards EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 EN 228 EN 590 EN228 (standard pump gasoline) end user end-of-life Endangered Species Act (ESA) Energy Bill energy cane energy consumption energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy prices energy reserves Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine Development engine problems Engine/Fuel Co-optimization engineering England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment environmental impact study (EIS) environmental justice/socially inclusive environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Environmentalists Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic depolymerization enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling Enzyme solicitation enzymes EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) Equatorial Guinea equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) etha ethane ethanol ethanol benefits ethanol blend wall ethanol blended diesel ED ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol emissions ethanol ether diesel fuel ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol to gas ethanol tolerance ethanol-fueled aircraft Ethanol-to-Gasoline (ETG) ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/diesel ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethyl levulinate (EL) ethylbenzene ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order executive order--state Extended Range Electric Vehicle (EREV) externalities extremophiles f F Factor F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farmers farming farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation Feedstocks fermentation ferry fertilizer fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) Fischer-Tropsch/FT fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources Forest Service forestry forklifts Formate formic acid fossil carbon fossil fuel Frace fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud free fatty acids (FFA) Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon gallium Gambia games gas prices gas tax/highway user fee gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gasoline-range hydrocarbons Gemany General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Gerrmany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) Intensity giant cane giant kelp Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect Global South global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grain sorghum/milo grain speculators grains GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery green/black economy Greenland GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Guinea Bissau Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP gypsum h Haiti Halophytes harvest site processing harvesting Hawai'i hay hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ HDO-SAK (hydro deoxygenated synthetic aromatic kerosene) health health benefits health effects heat of combustion heat of vaporization heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) high octane low carbon (HOLC) fuel High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 HVO20 HVO30 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrid ships hybrids hydrocarbon fuels Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydroformylation hydrogen aircraft hydrogen carrier hydrogen combustion engines hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen leaks hydrogen pipeline hydrogen price hydrogen pumps/fueling stations hydrogen tax credit hydrogen terminal Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Price hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogenolysis hydropower Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal gasification hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois Illiois illuppai ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indian beech tree Indian grass Indiana indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial burners industrial ethanol industrial gases industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated biorefineries integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine (ICE) internal combustion engine (ICE)/gasoline engine ban International international balance of payments International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Sustainability and Carbon Certification model(ISCC) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit Invvesting ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron iron oxide IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isobutylene isomerisation isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica jamelão Japan jatobá Jatropha Jersey Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 jet B Jetfuel (Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs Joint Office of Energy and Transportation jojoba Jordan JP-10 JP-4 JP-5/NATO F-44 JP-8/NATO F-34 juniper Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kalanchoe kamani Kans grass Kansas Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati knotweed Knowledge Discovery Framework Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kulpa kusum Kuwait Kygryzstan labels labor policy Labrador lactic acid lactose Lake County lamp oil land ownership land prices land rights land subsidence land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy landfill methane Landfills landscape Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead Leadtree leaf ant Lebanon lecithin legislation Legislation-Federal Legislation-State lemna lend-lease Lesotho lesquerella leucaena levulinic acid Liberia Libya licensing lichens life cycle analysis (LCA) light rail lignin Lignin Ethanol Oil (LEO) Lignocellulosic Biofuel lignocellulosic sugars lime Lipid liquefaction liquid liquid petroleum gas (LPG) liquid transportation fuels liquidation Liquified Biogas (LBG) Liquified Biogas (LBG) pumps liquified biomethane (LBM) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logistics long-term contracts Louis Louisiana low c low carbon emissions low carbon octane standard (LCOS) Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel low sulfur fuel low sulfur marine fuel lubricants lumber mill Luxembourg lysis M100 M15 M3 M50 ma macadamia macauba Macedonia machine learning machinery macororo Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona management changes mandates mangaba manganese mango mangrove Manitoba mannose manure maple maps marginal land marine algae Marine Corps Marine Diesel Oil (MDO) Marine Fuel Oil Marine Gas Oil (MGO) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) price Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel Terminal Marine/maritime renewable fuel terminal/bunkering market forces market share marketing markets/sales Mars Marshall Islands Maryland Masdar Institute mass balance standard Massachusetts Master Limited Partnership (MLP) Mauritania Mauritius Mazda meat mechanics training medical waste MEEC membranes mergers and acquisitions mesquite methanation methane leaks methane/biomethane methanization methanol benefits methanol fuel cells methanol price Methanol-to-Jet (MTJ-SPK) Methanol/Biomethanol/Renewable Methanol methylbutenol Mexico Michelin GreenX Challenge Michigan micro-crop microalgae microbial electrosynthesis microbiology microorganisms/microbes microwave Mid-Atlantic Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military reserves military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels milk permeate millennium fruit millet millettia pinnata milo stover mineralization minerals mining Minn Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold molinia molybdenum MON (Motor Octane Number) Monaco Mongolia mongongo monitoring/measuring reporting verifiction (MRV) Montana Montenegro moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles motors MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES2014 MOVES3 (MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator model) Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed mvr Myanmar n-butanol n-butene nahar Namibia nano nano particles nanocatalysts nanocellulose nanomaterials naphtha/bionaphtha/renewable naphtha naphthene NASCAR National Academies of Science National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) National Environmental Policy Act National Guard National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Laboratory National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Oilheat Research Alliance National Park Service National Research Council National Science Foundation (NSF) national security National Security Council National Transportation Safety Board National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) Native American/American Indian/First Nation Tribes natural gas Natural Gas Act natural gas input natural gas prices natural gas vehicles natural gasoline Navy Nebraska neem negative carbon emissions NEN 7427-1 neodymium Nepal net energy balance Netherlands Nevada New Brunswick new fuel approval New Guinea New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New South Wales New York New Zealand Newfoundland Newfoundland and Labrador next generation biofuels next generation vehicles NHRA drag racing Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrogen starvation nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota North Korea Northeast northern catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory Northwest Territories Norwary Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds nuclear Nunavut nut shells nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition oak oat hulls oat straw oats Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) Office of Science Technology and Policy (OSTP) Offices of Inspector Generals offtake agreements Ohio oil oil embargo oil exploration oil monopoly oil p oil price parity oil prices oil production oil refineries oil replacement oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil speculators oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes oil/gas terminals Oils Oklahoma olefins oligomerization olive cake olive oil olive pits olive pomace olive water olives Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm ammonia production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing on-site hydrogen production one p one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontaio Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) open fuel standard open pond opportunity zones optimized flex fuel vehicles orange peel orchard grass orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) osage orange OSHA Overseas Private Investment Corporation overview overview/survey course owa oxygen oxygenate ozone Pakistan Palau palm palm biomass palm fatty acid distillate palm fiber palm fronds palm kernel palm kernel oil palm kernel shell palm oil Palm Oil Methyl Ester (PME) palm oil mill effluent (POME) palm oil prices palm trunk sap palm waste Paludiculture/peatland cultivation Panama pandas panic grass papaya paper Papua Indonesia Papua New Guinea paraffins Paraguay Paris Agreement parity partial waiver particulates pasture land Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) patents pathways Paulownia paulownia tree payments peach shell peaches peak oil peak oil demand peanuts/groundnuts peas pectin peela kaner pellet pellets Pennsylvania pennycress/stinkweed pentane pentanol pentose pequi perennial grains perennial grasses Performance permitting Peru pest-tolerance pesticide-tolerance pests pet food petition petroleum pharmaceuticals phase separation Philippines phosphorus photobioreactor photoelectrocatalysis photoelectrochemical photolysis photosynthesis phragmites pigeon pea pilot pilot scale pine pine beetle pine needles pine nut pineapple Pineapple leaf pinion Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Admin (PHMSA) pipelines Pistacia chinensis PLA plant cell research plant cell walls plant oil plastic plastic-to-jet platinum Plug-in Flex Fuel Hybrid Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) plume grass Poand podcasts Poland poli Policy politics pollinators pollution pollution control polyethylene polyfuel polymer polymerization polysaccharides pomace pomegranates pongamia pongamia pinnata poplar poppy population control Portable refinery Portugal poster sessions potamogeton potassium potato poultry litter/waste power power-to-x/gas/liquid prairie grasses pre-processing precision farming/agriculture precursors/biointermediates premium gasoline Pretreatment pretreatment equipment price price of water prickly pear Prince Edward Island process flow diagram producer tax credit Production tax credit productivity project insurance propagating Propane/Biopropane/Renewable Propane propane/renewable propane pumps propanol property insurance propylene protectionism protein protests proton exchange membrane (PEM) public comments public health policy Puerto Rico pulp Pulp/Paper Mill pump retrofit kit pumps/fueling station pungam Punnai tree pyrolysis pyrolytic liquefaction Q-RIN QAP Qatar quality assurance Quality Assurance Plans (QAPs) quality improvement quantum dots Quebec Queensland quote of the week r R Factor R100/RD100 R33 R5 R95B5/RD95B5 R99/RD99 rabbits race radiata pine radish leaves Rahal Letterman Lanigan Racing railroad rain tree rainforest ranchers RAND rare earth metal/critical minerals RD10 RD100 RD20 RD3 RD30 RD40 RD50 RD55 RD80 RD80B20 RD99 reclaimed mine lands recycled oil recycled plastics recycling red algae redcedar Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation Refined Bleached Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO) refineries reforestation Reformate regenerative braking regenerative farming Regional Conservation Partnership Program (RCPP) Regulated Emissions regulations Regulations-Federal Regulations-State Regulatory Enhancement Growth Support (REGS) Reid vapor pressure (RVP) remediation remediation rice straw Renewable Chemical renewable chemical producer tax incentive renewable chemical production tax credit renewable diesel pipelines Renewable Diesel Production renewable diesel pumps renewable diesel tax credit renewable diesel terminal Renewable Diesel/Green Diesel price Renewable Diesel/Green Diesel/HVO/Paraffinic Diesel Renewable Energy Renewable Energy Directive (RED/RED II/RED III) Renewable Energy Standard Renewable Energy to Fuels through Utilization of Energy-Dense Liquids (REFUEL) renewable fuel renewable fuel oil (RFO) Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS and RFS2) Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS2) revisions/repeal Renewable Fuels Directive (EU) renewable fuels of non-biological origin (RFNBO) renewable gasoline blendstock renewable marine diesel Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) price Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) pumps Renewable Portfolio Standards Renewable Power Standard Renewable Synthesized Iso-Paraffinic Fuels (SIP) Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation (RTFO) renewable volume obligation (RVO) REnova RenovaBio replacement molecules Repowering Assistance Program Republic of Congo repurpose research and development research facility resiliency resource depletion resurrection grass retail retrofit return on investment Reverse Water-gas Shift RFI (Request for Information) RFS "reset" RHD100 Rhizosphere Observations Optimizing Terrestrial Sequestration (ROOTS) Rhode Island rhododendron Ricardo rice rice bran rice bran oil rice hulls rice husks rice price rice straw/paddy straw RICO (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act) RIMPAC RINs (Renewable Identification Numbers) RINs markets RINs price risk management RJ-4 RJ-6 RME (rape methyl ester) RME180 RNA (Ribonucleic acid) RNG tax credit roadmap rocket fuel Romania RON (Research Octane Number) rosin rotation crops Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials (RSB) royalties RP-1 RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber rubber seeds rumen ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Rural Renewable Energy Pilot Program rushes Russia Russian olive rutabaga Rwanda ry rye Rye grass rye straw s saccharification SAF pipeline SAF10 SAF30 SAF40 Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower sago pond weed SAIC sal tree Salicornia salt water salt-tolerant saltbush saltcedar Samoa Sanctions Santa Monica sardine oil Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Advisory Board (SAB) Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) Science Policy scooters Scotland scum sea level rise seaports seashore mallow seawater seaweed cultivation Seaweed/Macroalgae second-generation biofuel income tax credit Section 526 Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) seed husks seed-to-wheel Senegal Serbia sesame sewage Seychelles shale shale gas shale oil shark oil sheep shellfish shipping shipping containers shipworm siam weed Sierra Leone silage silica Silphie/cup plant/Indian cup silver silver maple simarouba Singapore Singpore sisal SK slash Slovakia Slovakia/Slovak Republic Slovenia sludge Small Business Administration Small Business Innovatin Research (SBIR) small engines small refinery exemption (SRE) smog smokestack soap soapstock Social social benefit investing social cost social value social venture Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) soi soil soil amendments soil carbon soil health soil microbial biomass solar energy solar energy-to-chemical conversion solar fuel solar thermochemical hydrogen (STCH) solaris Solid Oxide Electrolyzer Cell (SOEC) solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) Solomon Islands Solutions solvent liquefaction Somalia soot sorghum sorghum oil sorghum stover South Africa South America South Australia South Carolina South Dakota South Korea South Pacific South Sudan Southeast Asia Southern Africa Soviet Union SOx (Sulfur oxides) soy meal soybean hulls soybean prices soybeans Spain spartina specifications Spekboom Spent Bleaching Earth Oil (SBEO) sprawl spruce Sri Lanka Stakeholders standards start-up State Department Statistics steam explosion steam methane reformation steam reformation steel stevia stillage storage tanks Straight (pure) Vegetable Oil (SVO or PVO) stranded assets Strategic Bioenergy Reserve STrategiv Petroleum Reserve straw students su sub-Saharan Africa sub-sim (substantially similar) succinic acid sucrose Sudan sugar Sugar Beets/Energy Beets Sugar kelp sugar palm sugar platform sugar prices sugar standards sugar-to-biodiesel sugar-to-farnesane sugar-to-jetfuel sugarcane sugarcane prices sugarcane straw sugars sugars-to-fats sulfur Sumatra sunflower sunflower stalks supercritical fluid supercritical hydrolysis supply agreements supply chain Supreme Court surahart Surface Transportation Board Suriname Sustainability Swaziland Sweden sweet potatoes Sweet sorghum sweetgum swine waste Switchgrass Switzerland sycamore syngas (synthesis gas) syngas/gas fermentation SYNHH synthesised aromatic kerosene (SAK) synthetic biology synthetic diesel synthetic gasoline synthetic kerosene synthetic liquified gas (SLG) synthetic methane/e-methane synthetic natural gas Syria Tailoring Rule Taiwan Tajikistan tall fescue tall oil tallow tallow tree tamanu/nyamplung Tamarix tank cars tank-to-wheel tanker trucks tankers Tanzania tar sands tariffs taro Tasmania tax benefit tax credits tax incentives tax parity tax policy taxes tea teach teach-the-teacher teacher teacher resources teacher training tech transfer technical course Technical Readiness Levels techno-economic analysis technology transfer telephone utility poles Tennessee termites terpenes terrestrial carbon testing Texas textbook Thailand theft therapeutics Thermal catalytic depolymerization (TCD) thermal deoxygenation thermocatalytic conversion thermochemical conversion thermochemical liquefaction Tibet 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