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Ruto Orders Action on Local Ethanol Production to Cut Fuel Imports

by Frankline Oduor (Kenyans.co.ke) President William Ruto has directed the ministries of Agriculture, Energy, and Treasury to immediately begin drafting regulations that will see Kenya start producing fuel products such as ethanol from molasses. Speaking during a tour of the Western Sugar Belt

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Exploring Hydrogen: Back to Basics

by Caitlin Scheresky (EcoEngineers/Biomass Magazine) On Nov. 26, EcoEngineers hosted the newest installment in its “Back to Basics” webinar series, with this edition focusing on hydrogen. EcoEngineers’ Senior Carbon Consultant Guillermo Aguirre presented the webinar’s content.  Aguirre kicked off the conversation with

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Outgoing US Agriculture Chief Criticizes EPA Report on Biofuels

by Kim Chipman (Bloomberg/Yahoo! Finance)  US Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack, in one his final acts, criticized a Biden administration assessment that the country’s key biofuel law likely has had a “modest but negative” impact on the environment. --  The US Department of

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The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to the BioFuture Campaign

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This presentation deck outlines the Biofuture Campaign’s strategy to promote sustainable fuels and chemicals (SFC) on a global scale. The campaign, spearheaded by the Molecule Group, aims to integrate SFC technologies into international policy frameworks like

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Midlands Voices: Higher Ethanol Content in Fuel Is Right for Nebraska and the US

by David Hallberg, Todd Sneller and Larry Pearce (Omaha World Herald)  A new book by pediatrician Debra Hendrickson (“The Air They Breathe: A Pediatrician on the Frontlines of Climate Change”) and a new study from the National Academy of Sciences on

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Viking Line Expands Biofuel-Based Initiative to Three Vessels on Helsinki Routes

by Ajsa Habibic (Offshore Energy)  Finnish shipping company Viking Line has decided to introduce its biofuel-based sustainable initiative for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from conference trips on three vessels on its Helsinki routes. The initiative called Green Sea Conference, which is said

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Green Plains Announces 100% of Rights of Way Acquired on ‘Advantage Nebraska’ Carbon Capture Project with Lateral Construction Underway

(Green Plains) Green Plains Inc. (NASDAQ:GPRE) today announced that key milestones for the ‘Advantage Nebraska’ carbon strategy have been met and the project remains on track for operation in the second half of 2025. These facilities are expected to be among

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The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to Futuria Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This  presentation deck by Futuria Fuels discusses the company’s efforts to develop renewable propane, a clean alternative fuel. The presentation deck highlights the importance of biopropane as a by-product of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) production and

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Biofuels Bills Introduced at Statehouse to Boost Farmer Income, Save Consumers Money

by Eric Pfeiffer  (Hoosier Ag Today)  Several bills impacting agriculture have been introduced at the Statehouse. A couple of bills Indiana farmers should be closely following along with us here at Hoosier Ag Today are House Bill 1127 from Allen County Representative Dave

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Interactive: Platts Global Bunker Fuel Cost Calculator

B\by Max Lin, Rowan Staden-Coats, Abhishek Anupam, Sophie Byron, Esther Ng, Megan Gildea, and Santiago Canel Soria (S&P Global)  The Platts global bunker fuel cost calculator shows how Platts price assessments for methanol, ammonia, LNG, bioblends and conventional oil-based fuels can

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Growth Energy Releases Federal Policy Roadmap to Revitalize Rural America and Unleash American Energy Dominance

(Growth Energy)  Growth Energy, the nation’s largest biofuel trade association, released a roadmap to revitalize rural America today, identifying specific policy goals and actions the 119th Congress and the incoming Trump administration should take to unleash American energy dominance through the expanded use of

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Anew Climate Expands Into German Biomethane Market

(Anew Climate/Newswire) The company builds upon its 20+ years of success in North America and gains momentum following its 2022 entry into the European carbon removals market. --   Anew Climate, LLC, a leading biomethane and carbon removals company, announces today an

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South Korea Launches $680m Green Fuel Infrastructure Fund

by Moyoun Jin  (Lloyd's List) Funds will go to the construction of green marine fuel storage facilities and new bunkering vessels by 2030 -- First project involves constructing additional liquid cargo storage facilities at Hyundai Oil Terminal in Ulsan. The port has

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Canada Markets: Why US Clean Fuels Policy May Mean Even Higher Canola Oil Imports

by Mitch Miller (DTN Progressive Farmer) While there are many questions left to be answered by the incoming Trump administration's final rule, the United States Department of the Treasury and the IRS felt confident enough to issue short-term guidance on the

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The Year of Deploying Dangerously: Bioeconomy Opportunities for 2025

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) ... The cold flowing out of Washington DC in the form of 45Z tax credit guidance is matched only by the heavy Eastern snow.  Fires rage in Los Angeles fueled by two wet winters, the US is

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Mercosur-EU Deal to Open Brazil Ethanol Flows

by Maria Lígia Barros and Maria Albuquerque (Argus Media) A freshly inked EU-Mercosur trade agreement marks an important opportunity for Brazil's burgeoning ethanol market, but will likely not significantly impact the country's well established sugar trade. Announced in December, the landmark pact provides for

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Can Sustainable Aviation Fuel Propel Agriculture to New Heights?

by Damian Mason (The Business of Agriculture Podcast) Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) could become a game-changer for production agriculture, driving a surge in demand for corn and soybeans—two crops currently facing significant oversupply challenges. But will SAF truly take off? What

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E-fuels: Evaluating the Viability of Commercially Deploying E-fuels in Road Transport

(Transportation Energy Institute) The United States road transportation sector accounts for 22% of US greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Policies have been put in place to reduce emissions in the road transport sector – both on a federal and state level in

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National Governments Approve Definitive Duties on Biodiesel from China

(European Biodiesel Board) The European Biodiesel Board (EBB) welcomes the approval of the definitive duties on biodiesel (HVO and FAME) from China by EU member states. In July of last year, the EBB already obtained provisional anti-dumping duties that are currently

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The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to the Market for Sustainable Aviation Fuel: The ICF View

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  This is a presentation about the market for sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) and the role of ICF, a global consulting firm, in this market. It covers the current state of the SAF market, including the impact

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Malta’s Updated Energy and Climate Plan Will Extend Biofuels Blending Obligation to Maritime Sector

by Ian Taylor (Bunkerspot) The Maltese government’s updated National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP), which was presented to the European Commission (EC) this week, will incorporate proposals for extending the obligation for a biofuel component to the maritime sector. In a statement issued on

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Indonesia Curbs Exports of Used Cooking Oil, Palm Residue to Help Domestic Users

by Bernadette Christina (Reuters)   Indonesia has clamped down on exports of used cooking oil (UCO) and palm oil residue to ensure supply to domestic cooking oil and biodiesel industries, the government said in a new regulation on Wednesday. The step by the

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The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to Aemetis

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This presentation highlights Aemetis, Inc.’s (AMTX) strategy for becoming a leading producer of below-zero carbon intensity renewable fuels and natural gas. The company aims to replace high-carbon intensity petroleum products with sustainable alternatives like renewable natural

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Why Hydrogen Engines Face a Narrowing Window of Adoption in the Commercial World

(AZO CleanTech) In 2025, Europe's second-largest truck OEM, MAN Truck & Bus, will deliver 200 hydrogen trucks powered by its in-house H45 hydrogen combustion engine. These trucks will emit less than 1 g of CO2/tonne-km (drastically lower than a comparable diesel), with ranges

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Tidewater Renewable Ltd. Files Countervailing (Anti-Subsidy) and Anti-Dumping Duty Complaint to Address Unfairness in the Canadian Renewable Diesel Market

(Tidewater Renewables/CISION) Tidewater Renewables Ltd. ("Tidewater Renewables" or the "Corporation") (TSX: LCFS) has taken decisive action to protect fair competition in the Canadian renewable diesel market by filing a countervailing (anti-subsidy) and anti-dumping duty complaint (the "Complaint") with the Canada Border Services Agency

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Legislators Want Verification of Used Cooking Oil Imports

by Jody Heemstra (DRG News)  Senators Chuck Grassley and Joni Ernst of Iowa joined bipartisan colleagues in demanding answers from the Environmental Protection Agency regarding used cooking oil imports. The lawmakers want information on the agency’s process for verifying the authenticity

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Back to Our Roots: This Year the Ethanol Industry Will Celebrate the 20-Year Anniversary of the Renewable Fuel Standard

by Geoff Cooper (Renewable Fuels Association/Ethanol Producer Magazine) This year the ethanol industry will celebrate the 20-year anniversary of the Renewable Fuel Standard, the most transformative and influential public policy in our industry’s long and storied history. But we’ll do more

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Spain’s Asociación de Líneas Aéreas Calls for SAF Incentives to Offset Cost of ReFuelEU Aviation Mandate

(Asociación de Líneas Aéreas/Biobased Diesel Daily)  The Spanish airline group Asociación de Líneas Aéreas said Jan. 2 that airlines will pay an extra cost of 234.2 million euros this year for the use of 2 percent of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) in Spain

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FuelEU Maritime Regulation Enters Into Force

(The Maritime Executive) On January 1, the European Union's new carbon-intensity mandate - FuelEU Maritime - entered into force, requiring European shipping interests to make hard choices about fuel-efficiency and low-carbon propulsion. Compliance options include paying more taxes, cutting down fuel

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Thai Palm Oil Mills to Support Farmers in Achieving RSPO Sustainability Standards

by Alan Sherrard (Bioenergy International)  To elevate sustainable oil palm production in Thailand to international standards, the Palm Oil Extraction Association, Surat Thani Provincial Agricultural Council, Surat Thani Oil Palm Farmers Association, and the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) have

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SK Energy Takes Flight with First European Export of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)

(SK Innovation News)  First Korean refiner to export SAF to Europe, completing global value chain just four months after commercial production;  Positioned to lead in the European market following January’s mandatory SAF adoption, with plans for continued expansion domestically and internationally SK Energy

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Exporters Vying with Biodiesel for Dwindling Coconut Supply

by Adrian H. Halili (Business World) The biodiesel industry is competing for the limited supply of coconuts, crowding out exporters of products like coconut oil and coconut water, industry officials said. “The recent increase in the country’s biodiesel requirement may possibly divert

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Civil Aviation and Sustainability in Brazil: The Role of Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF)

by Jefferson dos Santos Estevo, Laís Forti Thomaz, and Amanda Duarte Gondim (Brazilian Journal of Transport) This article examines the development and utilization of Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) in Brazil, highlighting their potential and current progress. Civil aviation accounts for

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Moeve Supplied 18,000 Tons of SAF in 2024 with Its Alliances to Decarbonize Air Transport

(Moeve) The firm plans to develop new energy alternatives, such as renewable hydrogen and electrification for airline ground fleets. -- Moeve has supplied a total of 18,000 tonnes of sustainable aviation fuel ( SAF ) in 2024 as part of the company's various partnerships to accelerate the decarbonisation of

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Johnson Vows to End Biden EV Policies: The Speaker Stressed Energy Issues after Securing the Gavel.

by Timothy Cama (E&E News PM)  Speaker Mike Johnson pledged Friday that the Republican-led House would prioritize ending electric vehicle policies and other Democratic climate change efforts. Addressing colleagues shortly after securing the gavel, Johnson laid out a number of top priorities

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Did Biodiesel Fail? Here's What Happened to the Renewable Fuel

by Cassidy Ward (Slash Gear) ... Over the last 20 years or so, biodiesel and other biofuels have been touted as a potential replacement or supplement for conventional petroleum based gasoline fuels. In some forms, biodiesel is compatible with a wide

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Greener Flights Ahead for UK Aviation

(U.K. Department for Transport and Mike Kane MP)  The Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) Mandate will support thousands of skilled jobs, deliver economic growth and help make the UK a clean energy superpower. -- flights departing the UK will use greener fuels from today; 10% of all

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Avantium

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This presentation deck presents Avantium’s progress in developing and commercializing a new, fully plant-based plastic called PEF. The presentation deck highlights the key advantages of PEF over traditional fossil-based plastics, including its enhanced stiffness, longer shelf

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Bihar: Nine Ethanol Plants Expected to Set up in State

(ChiniMandi) In Bihar, a large number of factories are being set up, creating numerous employment opportunities across the state. By 2026, nine new ethanol plants are expected to be established, which will help boost ethanol production in the state. These new

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Port of Long Beach Releases Clean Marine Fuels White Paper

(Manifold Times) Document intended to prepare and position the port and its stakeholder for adopting low carbon alternative fuels. -- The Port of Long Beach (PLB) in late December released the Clean Marine Fuels White Paper as part of efforts to identify solutions capable

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FuelEU Maritime Implementation Delayed for Norway and Iceland

(Lloyd's Register) The FuelEU Maritime regulation comes into force on 1 January 2025, but its incorporation into the European Economic Area (EEA) Agreement has been delayed and is not expected to take place before that date. What impact does this have?  FuelEU will

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Singapore Revamps Port Incentives for Cleaner Ships

by Jim Kendrick (Biofuels Digest) In Singapore, The Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore announced revisions to its Maritime Singapore Green Initiative, enhancing incentives for ocean-going vessels using clean fuels and technologies. Effective January 1, 2025, the Green Port Programme will

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HJSC Unveils 88,000㎥ Eco-friendly Ammonia Carrier

(HJSC) - Targets advanced eco-friendly ship markets, including dual-fuel, methanol-fueled, and hydrogen vessels -- HJ Shipbuilding & Construction (HJSC) has obtained Approval in Principle (AIP) from Lloyd's Register (LR) for its design concept of an 88,000㎥ next-generation eco-friendly very large ammonia carrier

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Viewpoint: US Midcon E15 Shift Looms Again

by Zach Appel (Argus Media) A potential reformulation of gasoline in eight midcontinent states to accommodate year-round 15pc ethanol gasoline (E15) could lead to shortages in midcontinent fuel supply and an increase in retail prices in 2025. Approaching the 2025 summer driving

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John Cockerill, Johnson Matthey to Work on ETFuels’ e-Methanol Project in Texas

by Aida Čučuk (Offshore Energy) Green energy company ETFuels has selected technology companies John Cockerill and Johnson Matthey as strategic partners for its 120,000-ton-per-year e-methanol project in Texas, U.S. John Cockerill will provide 210 MW of its pressurized alkaline electrolyzer units, along with

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Development and Deployment of Advanced Biofuel Demonstration Facilities

(International Energy Agency Bioenergy Task 39) Decarbonizing the transport sector is critical for achieving global climate and energy targets due to its significant contribution to greenhouse gas emissions and reliance on fossil fuels. Biofuels, in particular advanced biofuels, play a particularly

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Petroleum Firms Asked to Promote Selling of Biofuel

(Việt Nam News) In addition to E5RON92 gasoline, MoIT requires producers and traders to research the production and import of E100 fuel. -- The Ministry of Industry and Trade (MoIT) urges localities and petroleum traders to promote the sale of biofuel (E5

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India Holds Potential to Produce Sustainable Aviation Fuel: IATA Official

(Press Trust of India/Business Standard)  India has the potential to be a key producer of sustainable aviation fuel by utilising its ethanol supplies and availability of lipids feedstocks like non-edible industrial oils, according to a senior official at the global airlines'

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The Transition to Sustainable Aviation Fuel: Understanding Demand Response to Jet Fuel Price Changes

by Sohyeon Ryu and Joe Janzen (farmdoc daily)  ... Such policy aims to reduce emissions created by jet fuel use by encouraging a switch to lower-emission sustainable aviation fuels (SAF) made from plant biomass, vegetable oils, sugars, and alcohols including ethanol.

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Big Oil Backtracks on Renewables Push as Climate Agenda Falters

by Ron Bousso (Reuters)  European majors slow clean energy investments; Investors rewarding oil and gas focus; New Trump U.S. presidency among big factors in 2025 -- Major European energy companies doubled down on oil and gas in 2024 to focus on near-term profits, slowing

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Shipping’s 2024 Shakeup Sees Alliances Form, Fuel Rules Tighten, Green Corridors Expand

by Jim Kendrick (Biofuels Digest) ... European shipping alliance Gemini Corporation was born to quell the disruption and restore surety and confidence. Freight rate and fuel consumption may initially be adversely affected due to the newness, but Gemini’s plan includes decarbonization along with

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SAMSUNG E&A Wins USD 955 Million Contract for a Biorefinery in Malaysia

(SAMSUNG E&A)  SAMSUNG E&A, a total solutions provider for the global energy industry, announced today that it secured the contract for a biorefinery that will have the capability to produce Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) and other biofuels such as Renewable Diesel

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Biodiesel Surges Ahead in Confidence as Shipping Industry Weighs Maritime Fuel Options

by Sara Kosmajac (Offshore Energy)  Biodiesel has topped the poll of the second edition of the Sustainable Maritime Fuel (SMF) Fest Confidence Index, pushing the 2023 winner, liquefied natural gas (LNG)-biomethane to second runner, while LNG e-methane managed to hold onto

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UK Launches Review of EV Sales Mandate -- Comment DEADLINE February 18, 2025

by Lucy White (Bloomberg/RigZone) The UK government is giving carmakers eight weeks to submit views on the phase-out of new gasoline and diesel cars, as ministers consider easing sales quotas that electric vehicle manufacturers are struggling to hit. The Department for Transport

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BDI technology Enters Chinese Market

(Reickerman/Biobased Diesel Daily)  The recent 2024 Global Biofuel Focus Conference marked a significant milestone for Rieckermann, as the company announced that technologies from BDI-BioEnergy International, a company Rieckermann co-owns, are now officially available on the Chinese market through the group. The announcement

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Govt May Reduce Reserve Sale Price for Rice for Ethanol Production

by Sandip Das (Financial Express) No takers for FCI stocks among grain based distilleries. Given the high rice stocks, the government is discussing a reduction in the reserve sale prices of broken rice offered to grain-based distilleries for ethanol manufacturing from the

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Viewpoint: US Tax Fight Next Year Crucial for 45Z

by Cole Martin (Argus Media)  ... The 45Z tax credit, which offers greater subsidies to fuels that produce fewer emissions, is poised to kick off in January. ...  Biofuels support is a less likely target for repeal than other climate policies, energy lobbyists

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Fueling the Future: The Role of Renewable Fuels in the Grain Industry

(Grain Elevator and Processing Society) In this insightful episode of the Whole Grain Podcast, host Jim Lenz sits down with Robert White, Vice President of Industry Relations and Market Development at the Renewable Fuels Association (RFA). With decades of experience in

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New Study Highlights Differing Strategies and Barriers to Decarbonising Aviation in UK and Europe

by Tony Harrington (GreenAir) A new study by UK-based consultancy CFP Energy has identified a significant divergence of strategies to decarbonise aviation in the UK, France and Germany, and serious impediments to the industry’s ability to reach its net zero emissions

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Carbon Utilization Redesign for Biomanufacturing Decarbonization Project Launches in US to Foster Sustainable Manufacturing

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) ... National Science Foundation has funded the Carbon Utilization Redesign for Biomanufacturing Decarbonization, or CURB, Engineering Research Center, or ERC, a multi-institutional engineering research center that aims to develop transformative technologies that reduce greenhouse gas emissions

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Biogas CO2 Sources Represent Specific Opportunities

by Sam A. Rushing (Advanced Cryogenics/Biofuels Digest) In some world markets, biogas is the common source of methane, otherwise thought of as, and called natural gas. Such is used to heat our homes, supply industry with a combustible fuel, and a

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Commodities 2025: Brazil's Ethanol Industry at a Crossroads in 2025

By Vinicius Damazio (S&P Global)  Internal competition, growing mandate, EU-Mercosur trade deal in focus; Higher debt, caution from key players suggests conservative growth; Uncertainty around US trade policies, EU deal boosts export prospects --  Brazil's ethanol market is heading into 2025 at a pivotal

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Spotlight on India’s Biofuel Market: It’s All about the Sugar

by James Primrose (Stillwater Associates) India’s is the world’s fifth largest biofuels market. After a period of lackluster growth in the late 2000s and early 2010s and failure to achieve mandated targets, political interest in biofuels has significantly increased, driven by

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Hard Choices for African Airlines as EU Pushes Use of Biofuel

by Michael Wakabi (The East AfricanZawya)  Under the mandate, all flights departing from EU airports will be required to load only the blended fuel -- African airlines will not get any concessions as the European Union kicks off the world’s first mandatory

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Secondary Impacts from Rising Used Cooking Oil Demand on Crop-Oil Prices

by Andrew Swanson, Shawn Arita, Joseph Cooper, and Seth Meyer (farmdoc daily)  Renewable fuel policies like the national Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) and California’s Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) have created a boom in the consumption of alternative diesels. These alternative diesels come

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Secondary Impacts from Rising Used Cooking Oil Demand on Crop-Oil Prices

by Andrew Swanson, Shawn Arita, Joseph Cooper, and Seth Meyer (farmdoc daily)  Renewable fuel policies like the national Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) and California’s Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) have created a boom in the consumption of alternative diesels. These alternative diesels come

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Pricing of Ethanol Blends at the Pump Differs in the Short Term Compared with the Long Term

by Simla Tokgoz  (U.S. Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service)  By law, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) sets targets for blending renewable fuels such as ethanol with traditional transportation fuels to implement the mandates set by the Energy Independence and

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Godavari Biorefineries Limited Announces Investment in a New Corn/Grain-Based Distillery to Enhance Ethanol Production

(Godavari Biorefineries)  Strategic Investment of approximately ₹130 Crore to Boost Ethanol Capacity with Dual-Feedstock Flexibility, Aligning with India’s Green Energy Goals. Mumbai, December 16, 2024: Godavari Biorefineries Limited (GBL) (BSE: Script Code 544279 | NSE: GODAVARIB), a pioneer in renewable chemicals and biofuels,

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Earth Finance and the Transition to SAF

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  This presentation deck outlines a strategy for accelerating the global transition to a lower-carbon economy, focusing specifically on the production and adoption of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF). The presentation deck highlights the need for systemic-level changes

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Long-Term Strategy for Biofuels

(Biofuels International) Biofuel producers and investors in Europe undoubtedly face a challenging future, although maybe one with a little more hope than has been true of the past decade of high promise and low achievement. For all the ambitious words and targets

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State Of Sustainable Fleets: 2024 Market Brief

(Advanced Clean Tech News) Now in its fifth year, the State of Sustainable Fleets 2024 Market Brief sheds light on an industry meeting the moment of an active transition. A slew of new emissions regulations that were adopted in the past two

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Biofuel Struggles to Gain Traction in the Americas

by Debarati Bhattacharjee (Engine) While some ports offer biofuel blends, infrastructure remains limited compared to that of conventional fuels. Supply is confined to a few locations, and logistics often depend on trucks or third-party arrangements rather than dedicated facilities or barges.

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Toyota Says California-led EV Mandates Are ‘Impossible’ as States Fall Short of Goal

by Michael Wayland (CNBC)  -- Toyota Motor said Friday (November 8, 2024) that California-led electric vehicle mandates starting next year are “impossible” to meet.  -- The regulations call for 35% of 2026 model-year vehicles, which will begin to be introduced next

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California and the Need for Pocketbook Pragmatism

(Engine Technology Forum Policy Insider Blog) California’s influence on environmental and climate policy is both undeniable and increasingly controversial. A 2035 ban on the sale of new internal combustion engine (gasoline) light-duty vehicles and the mandated sale of zero-emission commercial vehicles

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Unceasing Innovation: Yeast Suppliers to the Ethanol Sector

by Luke Geiver (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Yeast suppliers to the ethanol sector have steadily released new and improved products to better match the needs and wants of the industry. Using third-party yeast developers capable of selecting, testing or altering strains with

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Grain Sorghum: Economic Potential and Technological Innovations Boost Planted Area in Brazil

(IHARA (Google Translation)) With an expanding market, sorghum stands out for its versatility, providing economic benefits for both farmers and Brazilian agribusiness -- Sorghum, one of the most cultivated cereals in the world, continues to gain prominence in Brazil, with the planted

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EU's Largest Political Group Pushes to Weaken Combustion Engine Ban

by Kate Abnett (Reuters) ... The EPP (European People's Party) document said the EU's 2035 ban on sales of new CO2-emitting cars "should be reversed", to ensure that sales of combustion engine cars that run on biofuels and other alternative fuels can

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to ResourceWise and the Growing Demand for SAF

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This presentation deck from ResourceWise, a consulting firm specializing in biofuel markets, highlights the growing global demand for Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) and bio-based diesel. The presentation deck focuses on the increasing adoption of SAF and

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Used Cooking Oil Seen as Canola Risk

by Sean Pratt (Western Producer)  Chris Vervaet, executive director of the Canadian Oilseed Processors Association, which represents most of the crushers operating in Canada, called the importation of used cooking oil a “very big risk” to the canola industry, undermining what

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Analysis Of Malaysia’s Sustainable Aviation Fuel Ambitions And Global Implications

(Fitch Solutions)  • As sustainable aviation fuel becomes pivotal in the aviation industry's decarbonisation efforts, significant opportunities are emerging for key markets involved in biofuel feedstock production.  Policies and legislative measures in major markets like Europe and the US underscore the urgency

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Feature: European, Brazilian Ethanol Industry Participants Evaluate Impact of EU/MERCOSUR Trade Deal

by Harry Clyne, Vinicius Damazio, Suzanna Hayek, and Phillip Herring ((S&P Global) Free trade deal agreed, still to be ratified; Mid to long-term impact on European dynamics expected; Brazil to fulfil majority of duty-free ethanol quota -- The European Union and

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New Deep-Dive Video Resources on the 2023 Billion-Ton Report Now Available

(U.S. Department of Agriculture)  New deep-dive videos about the U.S. Department of Energy Bioenergy Technologies Office's (BETO's) 2023 Billion-Ton Report (BT23) are now available to help users access and apply the report findings and associated online data resources.  --  New deep-dive videos

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MOSTI Aims to Produce Two Million Tons of Hydrogen Annually by 2030

(Bernama/The Sun)  The Ministry of Science, Technology, and Innovation (MOSTI) aims to produce two million tons of hydrogen annually, scaling up to 16 million tons by 2050 in an Emission Driven Scenario (EDS) under the Economy and Technology Roadmap (HETR). Science, Technology,

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As Chicago Convention Turns 80, Report Highlights Civil Aviation’s Socio-Economic Impact

(Air Transport Action Group/EIN Newswires) The Aviation: Benefits Beyond Borders report provides an in-depth look at the economic and social contributions of the global aviation sector.  --  This report pays tribute to the spirit of the Chicago Convention, which has enabled connectivity

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Joint Heating Commission Calls for Policy Support to Help Switch to Renewable Heating Fuels

(vzw Belgische Federatie der Brandstoffenhandelaars) With more than 20 million households in Europe relying on liquid fuels for heating, the associations forming the Joint Heating Commission, ECFD, Eurofuel, FuelsEurope and UPEI, are urging policymakers to support renewable liquid fuels to meet the EU’s

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Indonesia to Build US$1.2 Bln Methanol Factory in East Java

(Antara) Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Bahlil Lahadalia announced on Monday that Indonesia is preparing to set up a methanol factory worth US$1.2 billion. The factory will be constructed in 2025 in Bojonegoro, East Java, he said during a meeting with

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Small Volumes of Renewable Diesel Are Now Consumed on the U.S. East Coast

by  Jimmy Troderman (U.S. Energy Information Administration)  In 2024, the U.S. East Coast became a consistent destination for small volumes of renewable diesel as a few suppliers and local governments began offering or consuming the fuel. Because no renewable diesel is produced

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The Ethanol Bill Is Back: A Bipartisan Legislative Caucus Proposal Would Include a Deadline for the Newsom Administration to Approve Increasing Gasoline's Ethanol Content.

by Wes Venteicher  (Politico Pro)  A bipartisan group of legislators plans to re-introduce a proposal Monday aimed at reducing the cost of California gasoline by allowing more ethanol to be blended into it. The bill from the Legislative Problem Solvers Caucus, which is

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Airlines Not Switching Quickly Enough to Green Jet Fuel, Study Says

by Joanna Plucinska (Reuters)  Most of the world's airlines are not doing enough to switch to sustainable jet fuel, according to a study by Brussels-based advocacy group Transport and Environment, which also found too little investment by oil producers in the transition. The airline

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Sort Out the Biofuels Provisions of the Inflation Reduction Act

by Margy Eckelkamp (AgWeb)  What you need to know about the 40A biofuels tax credit, 40B sustainable aviation fuel credit and 45Z clean fuel production credit -- Enacted in August 2022, the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) restructured biofuels tax credits in three

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Hyundai to Collaborate with Ulsan, Guangzhou Governments on Hydrogen Tech

(Korea JoongAng Daily)   Hyundai Motor, Korea's top automaker, signed an initial agreement with the southeastern city of Ulsan and the Chinese city of Guangzhou on Monday to facilitate the development of the global hydrogen ecosystem, according to its officials.   Under the agreement,

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Growth Energy, CFAA File New Opening Brief in Long-Stayed RVO Case

(Growth Energy)  On Wednesday, November 20th, Growth Energy, along with Clean Fuels Alliance America, filed a new opening brief with the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (Case No. 20-1046) challenging the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) failure to fully account

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Progress in Maritime Decarbonization: Updated Fuel Pathway Maturity Map Highlights Key Advancements

(Mærsk Mc-Kinney Møller Center for Zero Carbon Shipping)  The Mærsk Mc-Kinney Møller Center for Zero Carbon Shipping is unveiling an updated version of its Fuel Pathway Maturity Map, providing the shipping and financial sectors with a comprehensive overview of the advancements

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Leading Automakers Set to Launch 100% Ethanol Vehicles: Gadkari

(The Hindu Business Line) Two-wheeler makers also expected to adopt the technology, according to Gadkari -- Major automobile manufacturers, including Mahindra, Toyota, Hyundai, and Tata, will introduce 100 per cent ethanol-powered vehicles over the next five months, with two-wheeler makers also adopting

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ZERA Enforces Ethanol Blending Mandate Amidst Controversy

(Bulawayo)  The Zimbabwe Energy Regulatory Authority (ZERA) has reaffirmed its directive for full compliance with Statutory Instrument 150 of 2024, which mandates the blending of anhydrous ethanol with unleaded petrol. The regulation, which took effect at the end of August 2024,

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Biofuel Consumption Surges Following Implementation of Canada’s Clean Fuel Regulations: Biofuels in Canada 2024 report

(Advanced Biofuels Canada/EIN Newswire)  New report shows significant ramp up in adoption of low carbon fuels and cost-effective avoided emissions -- Advanced Biofuels Canada (ABFC) announced the release of the ninth annual Navius Research Biofuels in Canada (BIC) report, the annual quantitative report

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RFA to CARB: Time to Step Up Monitoring and Verification of Imported UCO Feedstock

(Renewable Fuels Association)  In comments submitted today (November 25, 2024) in response to a request for information from the California Air Resources Board, the Renewable Fuels Association urged the state agency to do more to ensure the integrity of imported used cooking oil

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Revamped Taskforce Set to Deliver a Sustainable Vision for Aviation

(UK Department for Transport and The Rt Hon Louise Haigh MP)  The Jet Zero Taskforce will serve as the driving force to make flying a cleaner, greener experience. -- Secretary of State for Transport launches new Jet Zero Taskforce with some of the most senior

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Towngas and CPN Sign Green Methanol Distribution MOU to Promote Hong Kong as a Green Port

(Towngas)  The Hong Kong and China Gas Company Limited (Towngas) and Chimbusco Pan Nation Petro-Chemical Company Limited (CPN) have recently signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU). Both parties agreed to establish a long-term partnership to jointly develop domestic and international green

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Uruguayan Company to Sell Biofuel to The Netherlands

(Merco Press)  Uruguay is to ship to The Netherlands 300 tons of biofuels from ALUR's corn oil distillery in the Capurro neighborhood of Montevideo. These are the first biodiesel productions from distillery corn oils, it was also reported this week. The product

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COCOBOD Makes Breakthrough in Converting Shea to Biodiesel

by Elizabeth Punsu (B&FT Online) Ghana Cocoa Board (COCOBOD), through the Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana (CRIG), has successfully produced biodiesel from shea butter, Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of COCOBOD, Joseph Boahen Aidoo, has said. Speaking at a durbar of chiefs and

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Petrobras in Talks with Raizen, BP for Partnership in 'Big' Comeback on Ethanol

by Rodrigo Viga Gaier and Fabio Teixeira (Reuters)  Brazilian state-run oil company Petrobras is in talks with Raizen (RAIZ4.SA), BP (BP.L), and Inpasa for a possible joint venture in ethanol, two sources told Reuters, as the firm's CEO aims big in a comeback to the

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Iowa Supreme Court Decision Upholds Survey Access for Summit Carbon Solutions Pipeline

(Summit Carbon Solutions) Court Decision Supports Progress on Pipeline Project and Infrastructure Advancements Across Iowa  --   The Iowa Supreme Court has upheld Summit Carbon Solutions’ ability to conduct land surveys under Iowa Code section 479B.15, allowing the project to continue its careful

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to The Price Companies and US Bio-feedstock Prospects.

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  This presentation deck is a company overview for Price Companies, a wood processing company established in 1965. It emphasizes the company’s proactive focus on sustainable growth by highlighting its innovative practices and commitment to responsible forestry. The

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Automakers to Trump: Please Require Us to Sell Electric Vehicles

by Coral Davenport and Jack Ewing (New York Times)  Three of the nation’s largest automakers, Ford, General Motors and Stellantis, are strategizing with other car manufacturers on how to make a delicate request of President-elect Donald J. Trump: Don’t scrap the

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to LanzaJet

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  This presentation deck for LanzaJet highlights the company’s role in the growing Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) market. The presentation deck emphasizes the urgent need for SAF due to increased air travel and environmental concerns, presenting SAF

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Sen. Moran Meets with SAF Coalition

by Cindy Zimmerman (Energy.AgWired.com)  Senator Jerry Moran (R-KS) visited with members of the Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) Coalition in Washington D.C. this week, where he discussed the need for greater legislative efforts to support the production and deployment of SAF in the 119th

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China to Launch First Marine Biofuel Export Quotas in 2025 to Support Biodiesel Industry

by Tim Jay (Global Trade) China plans to issue its first export quotas for marine bunker fuel blended with biodiesel, aiming to bolster domestic biofuel producers affected by European Union anti-dumping tariffs. Industry sources and consultancy JLC report that the government

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COP29: UN Approves Article 6.4, Launches Global Carbon Market

by Vasil Velev (Carbon Herald)  COP29 has started at a blistering pace with the approval of the Article 6.4 mechanism, laying the foundation for countries to trade carbon emission reductions. Through these trades higher emitting economies will ideally be able to achieve their climate

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Germany Pauses Biofuel Ticket Rollovers to Address Oversupply

by Thomas Washington (S&P Global)  Over-compliance with CO2 reductions of 24% in 2022 alone; Industry lobby groups identify certification of imports as problem; Producers across Europe have been struggling -- Germany has put a halt to greenhouse gas emissions ticket rollovers in 2025 and

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Corteva Announces Intent to Partner with bp to Develop Low Carbon Intensity Bio-Feedstock for Aviation Fuel Production

(Corteva/PR Newswire) Corteva Inc. (NYSE: CTVA) announced today a collaboration with bp (NYSE: BP, LSE: BP.L) on the companies' shared intent to form a crop-based biofuel feedstock joint venture (JV). The JV envisaged by Corteva and bp would produce and deliver crop-based biofuel feedstocks

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Sustainable Marine Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This presentation deck from Due Diligence Wolf Paul Bryan provides a brief overview of the shipping industry, highlighting its significant role in global trade and its substantial contribution to greenhouse gas emissions. The presentation deck emphasizes

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Biodiesel Credit Program Offers Incentives for Missouri Fleets

by Valerie Swiantek (NGT News) The Biodiesel Coalition of Missouri (BCM) is opening a cost-share opportunity for fleets — the Biodiesel Credit Program. This annual program is reserved for fleet operations located in Missouri that utilize biodiesel blends of B6 or higher.  “Missouri biodiesel

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China to End Export Tax Rebates on Aluminum, Copper, Biofuel Feedstock Dec. 1

(S&P Global)  ... In a statement Nov. 15, China's finance ministry said that from next month, it will end tax relief for exports of products spanning aluminum, copper and biofuel feedstocks, which previously benefited from a 13% rebate on export duties. Reduced

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5 Stocks that Benefit from Car Modernization and Biofuel Expansion by Mover e Combustível do Futuro

(Global Happenings) ... Fuel of the Future includes incentives for biofuels, creating mandates for SAF , green diesel and biomethane. ... “We should have a broad renewal of car engines by 2032 and the main automakers have already announced around 130 billion investments

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Interview: Biofuel Sector Unprepared for Launch of EU Traceability Platform: BioLedger

by Suzanna Hayek and Uzma Gulbahar (S&P Global) Lack of motivation to register across supply chain: CEO; Potential impacts on supplies -- The deadline for implementing the EU's biofuels traceability platform, the Union Database for Biofuels, is rapidly approaching on Nov. 21, yet

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Interview: Star Bulk Will Use Biofuels to Comply with FuelEU Maritime Rules

by Max Lin (S&P Global) Large bulker operator to introduce bioblends to bunker mix from 2025; Company size allows Star Bulk to use EU's pooling mechanism: exec; Regulatory clarity needed for methanol, LNG and ammonia investments  --  Star Bulk -- one of the largest

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Sweet Sorghum Farmers Waiting for Govt to Announce Separate Ethanol Pricing

by Prabhudatta Mishra (The Hindu Business Line)  A swift decision may help some mills to start convince farmers to plant the crop in January since meeting the sowing window is very crucial for the success of any biofuel project -- Trial of

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From a Cold Start to a US$180 Billion Market by 2035 – Green Hydrogen is Set to Displace, Outpace, and Outgrow Polluting Alternatives

(ABI Research/North American Clean Energy)  Green Hydrogen (H2) is the cleanest form of hydrogen production. It’s produced by renewable energy with zero CO2 emissions. Though only 0.2% of hydrogen is produced today, green H2 will account for 27% of total hydrogen

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The Hydrogen Stream: Ohmium, Spirare Energy, and JNCASR Collaborate on India’s First CO2 to Green Methanol Plant

by Uma Gupta and Sergio Matalucci (PV Magazine) The project will combine green hydrogen generated by Ohmium PEM electrolyzers with CO2 captured from the Singareni Thermal Power Plant to produce green methanol. Ohmium International (Ohmium), a green hydrogen company that designs, manufactures, and deploys advanced

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Pivot Clean Energy Podcasts: How the World Cooks

(Pivot Clean Energy) Pivot has expanded visibility for bioethanol clean cooking over the past three years, and is playing a critical role in establishing this fuel as a key part of the energy transition. We connect partners across sectors and participate in global

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Strengthening India’s Ethanol Future

by Rakesh Verma (Daily Excelsior) India’s energy security landscape is characterized by a significant dependency on fossil fuels, which constitute over 80 percent of the country’s total energy consumption. This reliance on coal, oil, and natural gas presents a multitude of challenges,

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Germany Blocks Oil Firms from Using Past Emissions Credits to Support Biofuel Industry

by Riham Alkousaa and Markus Wacket (Reuters) The German cabinet on Wednesday (November 13, 2024) approved reforms to restrict oil companies from carrying excess emissions reductions credits forward, in a step aimed at boosting the biofuel industry that was hit by

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Parallel Paths: Ethanol LCA and Policy Across the Border

by Andrea Kent (Renewable Industries Canada/Greenfield Global/Ethanol Producer Magazine) ... Carbon-focused fuel and investment policies increasingly rely on LCA. Properly done, LCA spans supply chains, unifies markets, and sharpens investment opportunities for businesses and lawmakers aiming to improve environmental performance. Despite

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Strength Through Diversification: Chief Industries

by Luke Geiver (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Chief Industries is a Nebraska-based corporation with seven global brands, one of which is in ethanol. In 1990, Chief acquired the state’s first dry mill ethanol plant, which had been operating since 1985 near Hastings,

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Aligning On Programs and Priorities

by  Lisa Gibson (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  The U.S. Grains Council is investing a “remarkable amount of time” exploring avenues to better fit environmentally friendly U.S. ethanol into varying compliance programs around the globe, says Hagan Rose, USGC’s ethanol advisory team leader.  ... Canada,

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Key Driver of the 2024 Fuel Ethanol Market: Rising Ethanol Consumption in the Automobile Industry

(Business Research Company/EIN News)   The fuel ethanol market has seen substantial growth in recent years, projected to increase from $96.06 billion in 2023 to $102.32 billion in 2024, reflecting a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.5%. The growth during the

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Epson Partners with Maersk to Reduce Emissions from Inbound Ocean Transportation

(Epson)  ECO Delivery Ocean to deliver 230 tonnes CO2e emission reduction in first year. -- Global technology firm Epson announces its partnership with Maersk, one of the world’s largest shipping and logistics company, to use greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduced fuels

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Shipping Industry’s Decarbonization Enhanced by Dedicated Book and Claim Registry

(Mærsk Mc-Kinney Møller Center for Zero Carbon Shipping) The Mærsk Mc-Kinney Møller Center for Zero Carbon Shipping (MMMCZCS) and RMI (formerly Rocky Mountain Institute) are launching Katalist, a not-for-profit ‘book and claim’ registry designed to accelerate the shipping industry’s decarbonization journey. Regulations

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Thailand Cuts Palm Oil Content in Biofuel

(Vietnam News Agency) Thailand's Ministry of Energy announced last Friday (November 8, 2024) that it will reduce the palm oil content in its biofuel from 7% to 5% to deal with rising palm oil prices. --  Thai Deputy Prime Minister and Energy

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GEMA Urges Petroleum Minister for Support to Ensure Survival of Grain Ethanol Plants without Long Term Offtake Agreements

by Prakash Jha (ChiniMandi)  The Grain Ethanol Manufacturers Association (GEMA) has written a letter to Union Petroleum and Natural Gas Minister Hardeep Singh Puri, highlighting the challenges faced by grain ethanol plants that do not have Long Term Offtake Agreements (LTOAs)

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U.S. Department of Energy Releases New Report on Pathways to Commercial Liftoff for Sustainable Aviation Fuel

(U.S. Department of Energy) New Report Identifies Key Strategies to Increase Production and Position the United States to Lead the Global SAF Economy by 2030  -- The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) today announced the release of its latest Pathways to Commercial

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Oberon Fuels

(by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Oberon Fuels is a company working to develop renewable fuels that will help decarbonize several sectors, including propane, hydrogen, and methanol. The company’s main focus is converting waste, such as animal manure, into green methanol and

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Challenges Cloud Aviation's Carbon Credit Goals

(S&P Global)  If there’s one sector at the forefront of alternative fuel hunting at the right cost to help meeting emissions reduction goals, it’s the airlines. To help foster the transition from an offsetting mechanism, the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction

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New Order for Alfa Laval to Unlock Potential of Biofuels in Aviation

(Alfa Laval) Driving the global energy transition towards biofuels, Alfa Laval has secured two contracts worth 350 million SEK to supply cutting-edge HVO pre-treatment technology to Europe’s largest biofuel facility. The facility, a joint venture between Cepsa Bioenergia San Roque S.L.

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Michigan Company Will Boost Biofuel Sales by 2.5M Gallons per Year through USDA Grant

(MIchigan Farm News/The County Press) A Michigan company will receive a $4.2 million grant from the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture (USDA) to increase the sale of biofuels by 2.5 million gallons per year. Fleet Fueling of Michigan LLC will use the funds

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Challenges and Opportunities for B.C. Biofuels

by Nelson Bennett (Delta Optimist) Biofuels' environmental and economic opportunities for Canada: C.D. Howe -- Canada is well-positioned to profit both environmentally and economically from a growing biofuel industry, but faces risks in scaling up biofuel production in a way that is

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Letters: Sustainable Aviation Fuel Could Be Next Big Industry in Louisiana

by Richard Fontenot (Louisiana Farm Bureau Federation/NOLA.com) DG Fuels is deciding whether to build a $4 billion low-emissions, sustainable aviation fuel complex in the Moonshine area of St. James Parish. The plant, as seen in the rendering from La. 3127, would

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Climate Change and Energy Transition: Paths for Rebuilding Brazilian Foreign Policy

by Jefferson Estevo, Lais Thomaz, Amanda Gondim (Journal of Geopolitics) In 2024, Brazil will hold the presidency of the G-20, which represents an opportunity to regain a leading role in its foreign policy and prioritize important issues on its agenda. Therefore, with

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Japan to Aim for All New Cars to Be Biofuel-Compatible in 2030s

(Ji Ji Press/Japan Times) Japan will urge automakers to make all new passenger cars compatible with biofuel in the early 2030s and beyond in an effort to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from gasoline vehicles, the industry ministry said Monday. The new target

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Fuel Groups Warn of Higher Prices without Tax Credit Certainty

by Kim Chipman and Tarso Veloso (Bloomberg) More than 30 trade groups across the energy, farming and transport sectors say a lack of US government guidance on tax credits is putting Americans at risk of higher fuel prices. The current

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Special Issue: What to Expect during the Trump II Presidency

(American Energy Society/Energy Matters)  From experience, we all know that when Donald Trump is president, nothing is certain. It is hard to predict how the energy sector will change, both domestically or around the world. This special issue of Energy Matters

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Adapting to the Evolving European Biomethane Landscape

(Bioenergy Insight)  Urszula Szalkowska, managing director, Europe EcoEngineers, outlines the challenges and opportunities for US suppliers. The European energy sector’s landscape is evolving rapidly, particularly in the biomethane market. The European Commission's recent deployment of the Union Database (UDB) signifies a crucial

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Idemitsu and Mitsubishi Gas Chemical to Establish Supply System for e-Methanol and Biomethanol in Japan by March 2026

(Mitsubishi Gas Chemical/Federal Accounting Standards Foundation) Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. (Head Office: Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo; Representative Director, President and Chief Executive Officer: Shunichi Kito; hereinafter referred to as “Idemitsu Kosan”) and Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc.(Head Office: Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo; President: Masashi Fujii;

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Trump Picks Ex-congressman Zeldin to Run Environmental Protection Agency

by Timothy Gardner and David Shepardson (Reuters)  Zeldin voted against Biden's climate change law; Opposed NY goal to ban gasoline-powered cars by 2035; In Congress, Zeldin backed environmental bills 14% of the time  --   U.S. President-elect Donald Trump said on Monday

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Sustainability: WFS Introduces Biofuel to Reduce GSE Carbon Emissions by 80% at Paris CDG

(Worldwide Flight Services)  Worldwide Flight Services (WFS), a member of the SATS Group, will achieve an 80% reduction in carbon emissions from its ground support equipment (GSE) at Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport by replacing conventional fuel with Biofuel. Starting this month,

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Europe Data Center Generator Landscape Report 2024-2029: $1.78 Billion Market To Witness Collaborations Between Major Operators And Energy Firms To Integrate Biofuels Into Their Backup Power Systems

(MENAFN/Globe Newswire) The "Europe Data Center Generator market Landscape 2024-2029" report has been added to ResearchAndMarkets.com's offering. The Europe Data Center Generator Market was valued at USD 1.10 billion in 2023, and is expected to reach USD 1.78 billion by 2029, rising at a CAGR of

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India Eyes Sweet Sorghum as Alternative Feedstock to Boost Ethanol Production

by Sampad Nandy (S&P Global)  Cites availability issues with sugarcane, rice, corn; Calls on experts to develop higher-yielding sweet sorghum; Targets 20% ethanol blending by 2025  --  The Indian government may push for sweet sorghum as an alternative to sugarcane to diversify ethanol feedstocks,

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Universal Fuel Technologies

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This presentation deck from Universal Fuel Technologies (UFT) highlights a technology called Flexiforming, a process that converts various renewable feedstocks into sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) at a significantly lower cost. Flexiforming utilizes feedstock flexibility by processing

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CARB Updates the Low Carbon Fuel Standard to Increase Access to Cleaner Fuels and Zero-Emission Transportation 0ptions

(California Air Resources Board)  The approved program amendments will catalyze private sector investment in decarbonizing California’s transportation sector to support climate action and cleaner air. -- The California Air Resources Board today approved updates to the Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) that

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thermocellum cloud point clover cmelina CNG Conversion kit co co-generation co-location Co-op Extension co-operative co-processing co-products CO2 Electrolysis CO2 neutral fuels CO2Removal Certificates (CORCs) coal Coal and Biomass to Liquid (CBTL) Coast Guard coastal habitat conservation coastal hay cobalt cock's foot coco coco methyl ester (CME) cocoa Coconut coffee coffee cherries coffee grounds coffee pulp cold flow cold-tolerance college/university Colombia Colorado combined heat and power (CHP) Comment Request commercial flights commercialization commissioning commo Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) commodity trading common reed Community activity community college Community involvement/engagement community scale Community Wood Energy Program competition compliance compliance credits compost Compressed Natural Gas (CNG/R-CNG/bioCNG) compression ratios compression-ignition engine computer simulation concrete condensate Congo Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Connecticut Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP) construction and demolition waste/debris consumer education contamination contest contrails conversion technology Cook Islands cook stoves cooking fuel cooperatives COP21 COP22 COP23 COP24 COP25 COP26 COP27 COP28 COP29 COP30 copper coppice cordgrass corn bran Corn cobs corn ethanol corn fiber corn growers corn harvest corn kernel corn meal corn oil corn oil/distillers corn oil (DCO) corn prices corn stalks corn stover corn supply corn surplus corn syrup corn-based products corn/maize Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards corporate social responsibility corrosion corruption CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) cosmetics Costa Rica cotton cotton seed hulls cotton seed oil cotton stalk cottonwood Council on Environmental Quality county cover crops cow rumen cracking Crambe crassulacean acid metabolism plants (CAM) crimes criteria pollutants Croatia crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude oil Cuba cup plant cuphea currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cusi Customs and Border Protection cutworm caterpillars cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) cylindro Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs d-5 D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D20 (20%DME) D5 (5%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA date kernel oil date palm date palm pits date palm waste Dates DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act deficit definitions deforestation defossilization Dehydration Delaware DeltaWing demonstration demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify density Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security Department of Justice Department of Labor Department of the Interior Department of Transportation (DOT) depolymerization depots dextrose dfdsffsfdfsf diatoms diesel Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) diesel fuel blendstock diesel prices Diesel R5 diesel with renewables diesel-range hydrocarbons diesel-to-biodiesel conversion diethyl ether digital Digital Biology diisobutylene (DIB) dilute acid hydrolysis pretreatment DIN 51605 DIN EN 15376 (Ethanol blending component) direct air capture direct injection direct ocean capture Direct Sugar to Hydrocarbon Conversion (DSHC) direct-to-fuel directed evolution dispense distillates distillation distilled biodiesel distilled palm methyl ester (DPME) distilleries distributed/centralized distribution distribution capacity distribution waiver diversification divestment DME/rDME (dimethyl ether)/renewable DME DMF (2.5-dimethylfuran) Dominican Republic double cropping drawdown Drones/Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) drop-in biofuels/hydrocarbons drought drought tolerant drought-resistant dry ice dual cropping dual-fuel/flex fuel ships Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E100 E100 conversion kit E11 E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E2 E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E3 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E70 diesel E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency egg shell Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric Vehicle (EV) Prices electric grid electricity electricity price electricity/power generation electricity/power transmission electrocatalysis electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels (e-fuels) electrofuels (e-fuels) prices electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) electrons Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants embargo eminent domain emissions emissions standards EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 EN 228 EN 590 EN228 (standard pump gasoline) end user end-of-life Endangered Species Act (ESA) Energy Bill energy cane energy consumption energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy prices energy reserves Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine Development engine problems Engine/Fuel Co-optimization engineering England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment environmental impact study (EIS) environmental justice/socially inclusive environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Environmentalists Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic depolymerization enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling Enzyme solicitation enzymes EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) Equatorial Guinea equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) etha ethane ethanol ethanol benefits ethanol blend wall ethanol blended diesel ED ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol emissions ethanol ether diesel fuel ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol to gas ethanol tolerance ethanol-fueled aircraft Ethanol-to-Gasoline (ETG) ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/diesel ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethyl levulinate (EL) ethylbenzene ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order executive order--state Extended Range Electric Vehicle (EREV) externalities extremophiles f F Factor F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farmers farming farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation Feedstocks fermentation ferry fertilizer fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) Fischer-Tropsch/FT fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources Forest Service forestry forklifts Formate formic acid fossil carbon fossil fuel Frace fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud free fatty acids (FFA) Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon gallium Gambia games gas prices gas tax/highway user fee gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gasoline-range hydrocarbons Gemany General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Gerrmany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) Intensity giant cane giant kelp Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect Global South global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grain sorghum/milo grain speculators grains GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery green/black economy Greenland GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala Guava Seed guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Guinea Bissau Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP gypsum h Haiti Halophytes harvest site processing harvesting Hawai'i hay hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ HDO-SAK (hydro deoxygenated synthetic aromatic kerosene) health health benefits health effects heat of combustion heat of vaporization heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) high octane low carbon (HOLC) fuel High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 HVO20 HVO30 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrid ships hybrids hydrocarbon fuels Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydroformylation hydrogen aircraft hydrogen carrier hydrogen combustion engines hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen internal combustion engines hydrogen leaks hydrogen pipeline hydrogen pumps/fueling stations hydrogen tax credit hydrogen terminal Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Price hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogenolysis hydropower Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal gasification hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois Illiois illuppai ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indian beech tree Indian grass Indiana indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial burners industrial ethanol industrial gases industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated biorefineries integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine (ICE) internal combustion engine (ICE)/gasoline engine ban International international balance of payments International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Sustainability and Carbon Certification model(ISCC) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit Invvesting ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron iron oxide IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isobutylene isomerisation isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica jamelão Japan jatobá Jatropha Jersey Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 jet B Jetfuel (Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs Joint Office of Energy and Transportation jojoba Jordan JP-10 JP-4 JP-5/NATO F-44 JP-8/NATO F-34 juniper Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kalanchoe kamani Kans grass Kansas Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati knotweed Knowledge Discovery Framework Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kulpa kusum Kuwait Kygryzstan labels labor policy Labrador lactic acid lactose Lake County lamp oil land ownership land prices land rights land subsidence land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy landfill methane Landfills landscape Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead Leadtree leaf ant Lebanon lecithin legislation Legislation-Federal Legislation-State lemna lend-lease Lesotho lesquerella leucaena levulinic acid Liberia Libya licensing lichens life cycle analysis (LCA) light rail lignin Lignin Ethanol Oil (LEO) Lignocellulosic Biofuel lignocellulosic sugars lime Lipid liquefaction liquid liquid petroleum gas (LPG) liquid transportation fuels liquidation Liquified Biogas (LBG) Liquified Biogas (LBG) pumps liquified biomethane (LBM) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logistics long-term contracts Louis Louisiana low c low carbon emissions low carbon octane standard (LCOS) Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel low sulfur fuel low sulfur marine fuel lubricants lumber mill Luxembourg lysis M100 M15 M3 M50 ma macadamia macauba Macedonia machine learning machinery macororo Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona management changes mandates mangaba manganese mango mangrove Manitoba mannose manure maple maps marginal land marine algae Marine Corps Marine Diesel Oil (MDO) Marine Fuel Oil Marine Gas Oil (MGO) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) price Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel Terminal Marine/maritime renewable fuel terminal/bunkering market forces market share marketing markets/sales Mars Marshall Islands Maryland Masdar Institute mass balance standard Massachusetts Master Limited Partnership (MLP) Mauritania Mauritius Mazda meat mechanics training medical waste MEEC membranes mergers and acquisitions mesquite methanation methane leaks methane/biomethane methanization methanol benefits methanol fuel cells methanol hybrid methanol price Methanol-to-Jet (MTJ-SPK) Methanol/Biomethanol/Renewable Methanol methylbutenol Mexico Michelin GreenX Challenge Michigan micro-crop microalgae microbial electrosynthesis microbiology microorganisms/microbes microwave Mid-Atlantic Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military reserves military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels milk permeate millennium fruit millet millettia pinnata milo stover mineralization minerals mining Minn Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold molinia molybdenum MON (Motor Octane Number) Monaco Mongolia mongongo monitoring/measuring reporting verifiction (MRV) Montana Montenegro moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles motors MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES2014 MOVES3 (MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator model) Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed mvr Myanmar n-butanol n-butene nahar Namibia nano nano particles nanocatalysts nanocellulose nanomaterials naphtha/bionaphtha/renewable naphtha naphthene NASCAR National Academies of Science National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) National Energy Council National Environmental Policy Act National Guard National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Laboratory National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Oilheat Research Alliance National Park Service National Research Council National Science Foundation (NSF) national security National Security Council National Transportation Safety Board National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) Native American/American Indian/First Nation Tribes natural gas Natural Gas Act natural gas input natural gas prices natural gas vehicles natural gasoline Navy Nebraska neem negative carbon emissions NEN 7427-1 neodymium Nepal net energy balance Netherlands Nevada New Brunswick new fuel approval New Guinea New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New South Wales New York New Zealand Newfoundland Newfoundland and Labrador next generation biofuels next generation vehicles NHRA drag racing Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrogen starvation nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota North Korea Northeast northern catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory Northwest Territories Norwary Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds nuclear Nunavut nut shells nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition oak oat hulls oat straw oats Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy 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orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) osage orange OSHA Overseas Private Investment Corporation overview overview/survey course owa oxygen oxygenate ozone Pakistan Palau palm palm biomass palm fatty acid distillate palm fiber palm fronds palm kernel palm kernel oil palm kernel shell palm oil Palm Oil Methyl Ester (PME) palm oil mill effluent (POME) palm oil prices palm trunk sap palm waste Paludiculture/peatland cultivation Panama pandas panic grass papaya paper Papua Indonesia Papua New Guinea paraffins Paraguay Paris Agreement parity partial waiver particulates pasture land Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) patents pathways Paulownia paulownia tree payments peach shell peaches peak oil peak oil demand peanuts/groundnuts peas pectin peela kaner pellet pellets Pennsylvania pennycress/stinkweed pentane pentanol pentose pequi perennial grains perennial grasses Performance permitting Peru pest-tolerance pesticide-tolerance 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pretreatment equipment price price of water prickly pear Prince Edward Island process flow diagram producer tax credit Production tax credit productivity project insurance propagating Propane/Biopropane/Renewable Propane propane/renewable propane pumps propanol property insurance propylene protectionism protein protests proton exchange membrane (PEM) public comments public health policy Puerto Rico pulp Pulp/Paper Mill pump retrofit kit pumps/fueling station pungam Punnai tree pyrolysis pyrolytic liquefaction Q-RIN QAP Qatar quality assurance Quality Assurance Plans (QAPs) quality improvement quantum dots Quebec Queensland quote of the week r R Factor R100/RD100 R33 R5 R95B5/RD95B5 R99/RD99 rabbits race radiata pine radish leaves Rahal Letterman Lanigan Racing railroad rain tree rainforest ranchers RAND rare earth metal/critical minerals RD10 RD100 RD20 RD3 RD30 RD40 RD50 RD55 RD80 RD80B20 RD99 reclaimed mine lands recycled oil recycled plastics recycling red algae redcedar Reducing 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Science Policy scooters Scotland scum sea level rise seaports seashore mallow seawater seaweed cultivation Seaweed/Macroalgae second-generation biofuel income tax credit Section 526 Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) seed husks seed-to-wheel Senegal Serbia sesame sewage Seychelles shale shale gas shale oil shark oil Shea sheep shellfish shipping shipping containers shipworm siam weed Sierra Leone silage silica Silphie/cup plant/Indian cup silver silver maple simarouba Singapore Singpore sisal SK slash Slovakia Slovakia/Slovak Republic Slovenia sludge Small Business Administration Small Business Innovatin Research (SBIR) Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) Program small engines small refinery exemption (SRE) smog smokestack soap soapstock Social social benefit investing social cost social value social venture Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) soi soil soil amendments soil carbon soil health soil microbial biomass solar energy solar energy-to-chemical conversion solar fuel solar thermochemical hydrogen (STCH) solaris Solid Oxide Electrolyzer Cell (SOEC) solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) Solomon Islands Solutions solvent liquefaction Somalia soot sorghum sorghum oil sorghum price sorghum stover South Africa South America South Australia South Carolina South Dakota South Korea South Pacific South Sudan Southeast Asia Southern Africa Soviet Union SOx (Sulfur oxides) soy meal soybean hulls soybean prices soybeans Spain spartina specifications Spekboom Spent Bleaching Earth Oil (SBEO) sprawl spruce Sri Lanka Stakeholders standards start-up State Department Statistics steam explosion steam methane reformation steam reformation steel stevia stillage storage tanks Straight (pure) Vegetable Oil (SVO or PVO) stranded assets Strategic Bioenergy Reserve STrategiv Petroleum Reserve straw students su sub-Saharan Africa sub-sim (substantially similar) succinic acid sucrose Sudan sugar Sugar Beets/Energy Beets Sugar kelp sugar palm sugar platform sugar prices sugar 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transfer technical course Technical Readiness Levels techno-economic analysis technology transfer telephone utility poles Tennessee termites terpenes terrestrial carbon testing Texas textbook Thailand theft therapeutics Thermal catalytic depolymerization (TCD) thermal deoxygenation thermocatalytic conversion thermochemical conversion thermochemical liquefaction Tibet Tier 3 Tier 4 tilapia tillage Timor-Leste tires tobacco tobacco tree Togo Tokyo toluene Tonga tool Toronto torrefaction totai Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) trade trade dispute/discrimination trade group trade organization Trade Policy trade secrets training trains transesterification transgenics transition Transportation Fuels Policy Transportation Fuels Policy--Municipal Transportation Fuels Policy--State Transportation Policy travel policy Treasury Department trees Trinidad and Tobago triticale trucks tubers tugboats tung tunicate Tunisia Tunsia Turkey U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) UCOME (Used Cooking Oil Methyl 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