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Competitive Edge: USA BioEnergy and Texas Renewable Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) 12 advanced biorefineries specializing in the conversion of sustainably sourced wood waste into sustainable aviation fuel and naphtha are what USA BioEnergy is working on right now. Carbon capture tech is involved too. What’s the tech

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Sasol ecoFT, Uniper Partner to Produce SAF through SkyFuelH2 Joint Venture

(Sasol ecoFT/Biobased Diesel Daily) Sasol ecoFT has signed a letter of intent with Sollefteå municipality in collaboration with Sweden’s energy company Uniper to investigate the possibility of establishing an industry-scale production facility for sustainable aviation fuel (SAF). Taking place under the joint

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Top 5: Transport Energy & the GHG Marginal Cost Abatement Curve

by Tammy Klein (Transport Energy Strategies) • Marginal Cost Abatement: EVs and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) are no surprise, but how about pyrolysis with carbon capture? Biogas Moves Up the Priority List in the EU: The war in Ukraine

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21 Sites at 10K Barrels per Day Each: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to DG Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  It’s Friday and you’re ready for the weekend so here’s a short and sweet slide guide from DG Fuels on their second-generation cellulosic biofuel whose hydrogen content is derived from water electrolysis and uses a

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INERATEC Joins Forces with Synhelion: Climate Pioneers Cooperate to Produce Solar Fuels

(INERATEC) Climate tech companies Synhelion and INERATEC have joined forces to decarbonize the transportation sector and help it achieve its ambitious net-zero target. By combining their complementing technologies, the climate pioneers can scale their respective clean technologies, paving the way for

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Renewable Fuels, Monomers, Carbon Sourcing: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to Axens

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) There’s a difference between renewable carbon and circular carbon, as noted in this illuminating ABLC slide guide from Axens. How does their circular carbon tech work? Who are they partnering with? How are they accelerating

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Increasing Sustainable Aviation Fuel Production with Feedstocks

by Marine Bessoles (ICF) There is pressure on the aviation industry to decarbonize coming from a myriad of sources including investors, passengers, government, and society at large. Popular protests such as the Swedish flygskam (translated in English as “flight shame”) movement

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The Comment that Silenced the Crowd: Heard on the Floor at ABLC 2022

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ...  Topsoe’s Mikala Grubb stepped in. “What we have is a solids to liquids conversion problem.” The room went quiet, quiet like a church. “750 delegates negotiating in a small hotel but you can hear a watch

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GreenBiz 350 Podcast Episode 308: LanzaTech CEO Reflects

(GreenBiz)  A visit with 'badass' LanzaTech CEO Jennifer Holmgren (29:10) Jennifer Holmgren was thinking about retirement when she was recruited to lead the carbon recycling company LanzaTech. Under her leadership, the company has forged high-profile relationships to turn captured CO2

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Saudi Energy Group Alfanar Confirms £1 Billion Investment in Teesside Aviation FuelPlant

by Steve Robson (iNews) The plant could create up to 180 million litres of fuel per year – a single airline can use 150 million litres; Construction of the plant in Billingham will bring 700 jobs and a further 240

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What Is eSAF, Why the Buzz and What’s Stopping It from Being Produced at Scale Today?

by Andreea Moyes and Peter Nowobilski (AIR bp and bp/Biofuels Digest)  With the aviation industry committed to curtailing lifecycle carbon emissions, sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) has an important role to play. Air bp is already working alongside airlines and airports around

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Fueling Net Zero: Sustainable Pathways for Aviation

by Alastair Blanshard (ICF) ... Our report for ATAG Waypoint 2050 offers a potential pathway for deploying enough sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) for aviation to meet its climate ambitions. The transition to SAF represents a defining moment for the industry, as it looks

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Enerkem Project Recommended for Funding in CRIN Low Emission Fuels and Products Technology Competition

(Enerkem/Le Lezard) Funding of +CDN$ 5.5M awarded to the team to bring to market its solution to produce low-carbon fuel for the heavy transportation sector -- Enerkem, a world leader in the production of biofuels from waste materials, is proud

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USA BioEnergy Selects Bon Wier, Texas in Newton County for $1.7B Advanced Biorefinery

(USA BioEnergy)  USA BioEnergy receives over $150M in State and Local incentives to develop an advanced biorefinery in Newton County, Texas --  USA BioEnergy through its subsidiary, Texas Renewable Fuels (TRF), is pleased to announce the development of an advanced biorefinery

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Renewable Diesel & Sustainable Aviation Fuels 2030, Vol 2

by Will Thurmond (Emerging Markets) Renewable Diesel & Sustainable Aviation Fuels 2030, Vol 2. (249 pages, September 2021) provides a detailed analysis and outlook for low-carbon feedstock availability, and a feasibility assessment for technology commercialization pathways in sustainable aviation fuels

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Addressing Critical Demand for Sustainable Fuels, Emerging Fuels Technology Introduces Maxx Jet™ and Maxx Diesel™

(Haldor Topsoe) EFT Improves its Ability to Produce High-Yield, High-Quality Aviation and Diesel Fuels  --  – Emerging Fuels Technology (EFT), a technology company focused on methods for producing synthetic fuels from feedstocks such as natural gas, flared gas, biogas, biomass,

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Syngas, Hydrogen, Biofuels, SAF: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to Raven

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Raven SR’s tech addresses 3 markets – waste handling, hydrogen and biofuels – by converting global pollution into clean fuels and removing carbon from the environment. Learn about their process that creates a syngas that has

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VW Looks to New Types of Fuel to Cut Emission Levels in Europe

by Irma Venter (Creamer Media's Engineering News)  ...  As a further alternative, however, the German car maker is now also approving models with the latest-generation four-cylinder diesel engines for use with paraffinic fuels, as it works to also continue developing its existing range of combustion engines.  This

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The Bioeconomy Jump to Light Speed: 10 Storylines Shaking the World: Exxon, J-M, KLM, UGI, Amyris, Tesla, Origin, More

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) In recent days, we’ve had 10 stories that shook the world. The players are so big, the technologies so ambitious, the scale so huge and the risks in some cases so high — we’ve grouped them

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Charting a Course toward Cleaner Shipping

by Christina Nunez  (Industry Today) Research suggests that swapping heavy fuel with fuel made from wood waste, waste fats, oils and greases could cut planet-warming emissions. ... Using batteries instead of heavy fuel oil to propel gigantic cargo ships, which annually

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Johnson Matthey Launches HyCOgen, an Enabling Technology to Efficiently Convert CO2 and Green Hydrogen into Sustainable Aviation Fuel

(Johnson Matthey/PR Newswire) - Launch of HyCOgen will play a key role in enabling captured CO2 and green hydrogen to be converted into sustainable aviation fuel; - In combination with FT CANSTM technology, Johnson Matthey delivers an integrated, scalable solution Johnson Matthey, a global leader in sustainable technologies, has launched

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Progress in Commercialization of Biojet /Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF): Technologies, Potential and Challenges

by Susan van Dyk and Jack Saddler (IEA Bioenergy Task 39) Biojet/ Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) must play a major role if the aviation sector is to significantly reduce its carbon footprint. To meet its carbon reduction targets, large volumes

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Enabling Sustainable Transportation with Hydrogen: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to Linde

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  What does the era of clean hydrogen look like? How can we decarbonize the world with hydrogen? What does hydrogen demand look like over the next 30 years? What are the hydrogen colors of gray,

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VW Officially Approves Using Paraffinic Fuels in Latest-Generation Diesel Engines

(Volkswagen/Biobased Diesel Daily)  Volkswagen plans to reduce the carbon footprint of its fleet in Europe by 40 percent by the year 2030. The company is therefore increasingly focusing on fully and partially electric vehicles. As a further alternative, Volkswagen is

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4.25 Barrels of SAF per Biomass Ton: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to DG Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Converting 850,000 tons of dry cellulosic biomass to 3,613,000 barrels of zero CO2 life cycle emissions fuel is what DG Fuels is all about and their proposed 21 sites at 10,000 barrels per day each

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Giving Thanks for Bayou Fuels: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to Velocys

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) We know you might be busy eating turkey and giving thanks today, but here’s a short and sweet slide guide from Jeff McDaniel, VP of New Projects at Velocys, as your appetizer. A bit about

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Airlines Want to Make Flight More Sustainable. How Will They Do It?

by Leigh Krietsch Boerner (Chemical & Engineering News)  Air travel produces millions of metric tons of carbon dioxide each year. New technologies could help airlines reduce their emissions and meet their sustainability goals -- ...  Airlines are trying to reduce

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The Competitive Edge: Emerging Fuels Technology

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) Emerging Fuels Technology (EFT) was founded in late 2007 to address the need to reduce flaring worldwide by creating small Gas to Liquids (GTL) plants in the 500 to 5,000 BPD range. They needed

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Flying with 100% Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF)

by Susan Van Dyke (SVD Consulting)  Airbus and Rolls Royce recently announced that they were testing 100% sustainable aviation fuels in flights. These flights will test the impact of 100% SAF on operability and emissions. Current ASTM D7566 certification allows the

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SAF Offtake with IAG

(Bayou Fuels) 10-year offtake MoU for 73 million US gallons of carbon negative SAF by IAG; Alongside offtake agreement with Southwest Airlines, offtake in place for 100% of Bayou Fuels SAF -- Velocys plc (VLS. L), the sustainable fuels technology company,

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SAF Offtake with Southwest Airlines

(Bayou Fuels) 15-year offtake agreement enables 575 million blended gallons of net zero SAF for Southwest Airlines; Alongside offtake MoU with IAG, commitment for 100% of Bayou Fuels SAF -- Velocys plc (VLS. L), the sustainable fuels technology company, is pleased

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A Digest Exclusive Q&A with Bryan Stonehouse, Head of Aviation Sustainability & Risk, Shell Aviation

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) From SAF size and scale, Shell’s plans for scaling up, fuel use and blends and more, check out this Digest exclusive Q&A with Bryan Stonehouse, Head of Aviation Sustainability & Risk at Shell Aviation. ... Shell recently

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Cool GTL to Produce Jet Fuel from Biogas: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to Gas Technology Institute

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Terry Marker from the Gas Technology Institute shared this slide guide at the BETO 2021 Project Peer Review covering their goal to produce 100 gallons of Jet Fuel from Biogas using the Cool GTL Process,

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Emerging Fuels Technology Announces Regulation A+ Offering to Commercialize Breakthrough Tech that Converts Waste Sources into Fuels that Greatly Reduce Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions

(Emerging Fuels Technology/Globe Newswire)  With its small, BioGTL and FlareBuster™ plant technology, EFT is addressing the immediate need for more sustainable, cleaner fuel sources  --   Emerging Fuels Technology (EFT), a technology company focused on transforming a number of waste sources of carbon

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Sasol Announces Lead Role in Feasibility Study for the Boegoebaai Green Hydrogen Project

(Electric Energy Online) The Boegoebaai "green hydrogen" development has been designated a Strategic Integrated Project (SIP) in the South African National Development Plan and is located in the Namakwa Special Economic Zone (SEZ). The project's location and classification as a

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Velocys Launches Bayou Fuels

(Bayou Fuels)  New branding and website is announced for the Bayou Fuels reference project in the USA  -- Velocys has today launched a website for the Bayou Fuels reference project that will use Velocys FT technology to produce sustainable aviation fuel

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Major Government-Backed Ventures Launched to Progress Commercial-Scale SAF Production in Japan

by Tony Harrington (GreenAir Online)  Two major industrial collaborations have been established in Japan to progress ambitions for large-scale production of sustainable aviation fuels (SAF) in the country, writes Tony Harrington. In the first project, sponsored by Japan’s Ministry of the

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DG Fuels: The Unusual Suspects Are Building Big in Louisiana, as SAFtember Continues

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) ... But, an unusual suspect became more visible earlier this month when word arrived that DG Fuels was invited to submit a Part II Application for a loan guarantee under the U.S. Department of Energy

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Advanced Biofuels, Solid to Liquid Tech, Biocrudes: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to Haldor Topsoe

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  If you missed this slide guide from ABLC Digital on what it will take for advanced biofuels to take off further, here’s your chance! Haldor Topsoe leaders cover thoughts on legislation, feedstocks, biofuel production, solid

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Getting 35B SAF gallons by 2050: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to NREL’s SAF Approach

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) The Digest reported a few days ago on the Biden administration’s goal of reaching 3 billion gallons of sustainable aviation fuel by 2030 and net zero emissions by 2050 but how do we get there?

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Japan’s NEDO Supports Project to Develop Woody Biomass-to-SAF Commercial-Scale Supply Chain

by Ron Kotrba (Biobased Diesel Daily) A project to develop a commercial-scale supply chain for sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) from gasification of woody biomass and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis technology has been selected by Japan’s New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO).

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Fact Sheet: Biden Administration Advances the Future of Sustainable Fuels in American Aviation

(White House) New Actions Aim to Produce Three Billion Gallons of Sustainable Fuel, Reduce Aviation Emissions by 20% by 2030, and Grow Good-Paying, Union Jobs  --  Today (September 9, 2021), President Biden is taking steps to coordinate leadership and innovation across

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Velocys Technology Selected for Japanese E-Fuels Project

(Velocys) Velocys plc (VLS.L), the sustainable fuels technology company, is pleased to announce its Fischer Tropsch (FT) technology has been selected for an e-fuels project by Toyo Engineering Corporation (TOYO) and its consortium of six leading Japanese companies. E-fuels are a

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Renewable Diesel & Sustainable Aviation Fuels 2030, Vol 2

(Emerging Markets Online)  New study! Renewable Diesel & Sustainable Aviation Fuels 2030, Vol 2. (249 pages, August 2021) focuses on low-carbon feedstock availability, technology pathways for low carbon renewable diesel, and sustainable aviation production. Renewable Diesel & Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) 2030  covers

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Recent Innovations in Turning Agricultural Waste into Biofuels

by Raj Shah and Amanda Loo (altenergymag.com/Koehler Instrument Company)  Wastes from fields and wastes from processing are the two kinds of agricultural wastes. Field wastes are present after harvesting crops and include stems, leaves, and stalks, and waste after processing

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Tech, Feedstock Winners Still to Be Declared as Biofuels Sector Develops

by Tom Brown (ICIS/Biofuels Digest)  ... A factor that could stand to drive wider deployment of biofuels could be its relative maturity compared to other emissions-reduction technologies, particularly for heavy industry, with around half of the innovations that are likely to

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The Rubbishing of Aviation, and the Search for Carbon-Negative Rubbish

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Where I come from, rubbish is used as a verb, meaning to denigrate, and there’s been an awful lot of rubbishing going around with respect to aviation. Once, we Flew the Friendly Skies, but these days,

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Aviation Leaders Say Biofuels Still Too Expensive

by Cécile Michaut (Institut Polytechnique de Paris/Biofuels Digest) Aviation is counting on the use of biofuels and petrol-free synthetic fuels to reduce carbon emissions. Technically it is possible, but some say it’s still too expensive. Hear from Samuel Saysset, Lead techno

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EU SAF Blending Mandate Proposals Ambitious but Feasible, Says SkyNRG Analysis Report

by Christopher Surgenor  (GreenAir Online)  An analysis by major sustainable aviation fuels (SAF) supplier SkyNRG of the European Commission’s ReFuelEU Aviation initiative, part of the ‘Fit for 55’ package of legislative proposals unveiled last week, shows around 300 SAF plants

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Fuels of the Future

(Wärtsilä/Hellenic Shipping News)  How do you create carbon neutral, synthetic fuels? Where can they be used? What can be done to accelerate decarbonisation – and, eventually, to replace the use of fossil fuels altogether? – Meet Power-to-X, the new superhero. Decarbonisation

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Progress in the Commercialization of Biojet / Sustainable Aviation Fuels: Technologies, Potential and Challenges

(IEA Bioenergy) This report, prepared by IEA Bioenergy Task 39, provides an extensive analysis of the current and potential technologies for production of biomass based sustainable aviation fuels (Biojet/SAF). Sustainable Aviation Fuels will have to play a major role if the aviation

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Fulcrum BioEnergy Completes Construction of the Sierra BioFuels Plant

(Fulcrum BioEnergy/PR Newswire) World's First Garbage to Zero-Carbon Transportation Fuels Plant Has Begun Start-up and Commissioning  --  Fulcrum BioEnergy, Inc., a pioneer in the production of low-carbon fuels, announced today that it has completed construction on the world's first commercial-scale plant

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Dutch/Swedish Consortium Gets Go ahead to Continue Study on Production of Sustainable Aviation Fuel from Forestry Residues in Sweden

(SkyNRG) Today the Swedish Energy Agency announced it will grant funds to KLM Royal Dutch Airlines, Södra, Växjö Energi, SkyNRG, RISE Research Institutes of Sweden and 2030-sekretariatet to continue their research on the development of production of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)

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SAF Feedstock Availability: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to Sustainable Aviation Fuel in Brazil

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Addressing the challenges of sustainable aviation fuel feedstock availability in Brazil, RSB, in collaboration with Agroicone and the University of Campinas, published the outcomes of research into non-crop feedstock availability and potential in Brazil for

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RSB, Agroicone Publish Study to Support Sustainable Transformation in Brazil with SAF

(Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials) The aviation sector has ambitious targets for reducing its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and switching from fossil fuels to low-carbon Sustainable Aviation Fuels. SAF is considered the most efficient way to achieve those targets quickly, however, in

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Velocys Provides Update on US, UK Biorefinery Rrojects

by Erin Voegele (Biomass Magazine) Velocys provided an update on its proposed commercial-scale U.K. and U.S. biorefinery projects in its 2020 financial report, released on May 17. The company also discussed an agreement that could allow its technology to be deployed

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ABS Unveils Latest Trends and Projections for Future Fuels and Decarbonization

(American Bureau of Shipping) Low Carbon Shipping Outlook Suggests Industry Will Need to Do More to Meet GHG Targets --  ABS has published the latest trends and projections on carbon-reduction strategies for shipping as the industry looks to meet decarbonization

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Aker Solutions Wins FEED Contract for e-Fuel Plant in Norway

(Aker Solutions) Aker Solutions has signed a contract with Nordic Blue Crude (NBC) for front-end engineering and design (FEED) of a new e-Fuel facility at Herøya in Porsgrunn, Norway. The e-Fuel plant is planned to produce CO2-neutral fuel by using

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Earth Day Series Day 20: Hydrogen. Beyond Tomorrow.

by Gaulthier Blangez* (Advanced Biofuels USA)   Let’s go back to the basics. The “Bio” term comes from ancient Greek and is translated as “Life.” Widely used in our day to day vocabulary, this term has found its place in our

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SAF Could Make up 5.5% of 2030 EU Jet Fuel Demand with Targeted Support, Estimates ICCT Feedstock Study

(GreenAir Online) Analysis by the International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) shows there are sufficient sources of sustainable feedstock to support the production of 3.4 million tonnes (Mt) of advanced sustainable aviation fuels (SAF) annually in the EU by 2030, around

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5 Key Tech Takeaways: Highlights from Tech Presented at ABLC 2020

by Iacovos Vasalos (Center for Research and Technology-Hellas/Biofuels Digest) This report summarizes highlights from the ABLC 2020 Biofuels Digest Virtual Conference, which took place in July 7-10, 2020. (And if you haven’t already registered for this year’s ABLC Digital on May 3-7,

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LCRI Looks at Hydrogen, Biofuels, Synthetic Fuels: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to Low-Carbon Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Hydrogen, ammonia, synthetic hydrocarbon fuels, and biofuels can provide greenhouse gas emissions reduction for difficult-to-decarbonize sectors when produced via low-carbon means—from clean electricity, renewable feedstocks, or fossil resources with carbon capture, utilization, and storage, says

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How Sustainability Will Change the Future of Aviation

by Alastair Blanshard and Kata Cserep (ICF)  Trend 2: Sustainable fuels have significant potential but require investment  -- The foundations for sustainable aviation fuels (SAFs) are relatively mature. Seven different pathways to produce SAFs are certified through ASTM International, and over

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The Return of Electrofuels: Amazon, Mitsubishi, AP Ventures Invest in Infinium’s Bid to Make Fuels from CO2, Water

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) The Infinium Electrofuels process converts renewable power into green hydrogen, then uses this green hydrogen and waste carbon dioxide to produce net-zero carbon fuels. These fuels may be used in today’s plane, ship and truck fleets

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European Collaboration Projects Plan a Circular Route to Producing Synthetic Aviation Fuels

(GreenAir Online) A recent high-level conference hosted by the Dutch government focused on the potential of synthetic aviation fuels, also called power-to-liquid (PtL) or e-fuels, to significantly lower the aviation sector’s carbon footprint (see article). The Minister of Infrastructure and Water

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How to Utilise CO2? The Nominees for the Innovation Award “Best CO2 Utilisation 2021” Have the Answers!

(nova-Institute) Carbon capture and utilisation (CCU) is one of the most obvious solutions to further reduce CO2 emissions, but it is yet still hardly exploited. However, these six nominated technologies turn CO2 into value: ethanol, methanol, polyols, surfactants or syngas – the

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Velocys on Scaling Up Net Negative, Carbon Capture-Ready Fuels

by Tammy Klein (Transportation Energy Strategies)  ... I spoke to both Neville Hargreaves, Vice President, Waste to Fuels and Drew Miller, Project Finance Director of Velocys about their SAF projects in the U.S. (Bayou Fuels) and in the UK (Altalto). We also talked about how

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Sustainable Aviation Fuels and the Technologies, Constraints and Burgeoning Demand

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) It's been a rough 2020 for aviation with COVID-19's impact on travel. Yet, climate goals remain in place, and the pivot from petroleum to renewable fuels continues, the sky is in focus. 2021 has started off with

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Sustainable Aviation Fuel: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to Velocys

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Going beyond the utilization of difficult to process solid waste feedstocks to produce advanced, sustainable biofuels, Velocys is also now using carbon capture usage and storage of CO2 at their plants that will enable net

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VTT, Neste et al in Search for E-Fuels Breakthrough

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Finland, a partnership led by VTT and Neste aimed at using sustainable electricity and sequestered carbon dioxide to make fuels received €3.3M (about $4 million USD) in funding from Business Finland. Altogether, EUR 6

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Toyo and Velocys Execute a Collaboration Agreement Producing Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) and Other renewable fuels in Japan

(Velocys)  Velocys plc (VLS.L), the sustainable fuels technology company, is pleased to announce the signing of a collaboration agreement with Toyo Engineering Corporation (Toyo) to start the development of their commercial projects to produce Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) and other renewable

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50 Renewable Diesel Projects and the Technologies Behind Them

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Renewable diesel, all 9 billion gallons built, under construction, in planning - Take a deep dive into the latest hot renewable diesel news and a special Digest presentation that asks will all of these billions of

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Joint Policy Proposal to Accelerate the Deployment of Sustainable Aviation Fuels in Europe - A Clean Skies for Tomorrow Publication

(World Economic Forum)   What is the World Economic Forum doing to help aviation meet net zero goals?  Through the Forum’s Clean Skies for Tomorrow coalition, stakeholders across the European aviation value-chain have aligned on key policy proposals to inform the EU’s

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ANL Releases 2020 Updates to GREET Models

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) Argonne National Laboratory’s Systems Assessment Center on Oct. 9 announced the 2020 release of the suite of Greenhouse gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy use in Technologies (GREET) models. GREET is a life-cycle analysis tool that can

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A Testing Route to Market for Sustainable Aviation Fuels

by Steve Zabarnick (University of Dayton Research Institute)  With increasing demand for a greater variety of sustainable alternative aviation fuels, the importance of a systematic pathway for the accurate testing, validation and approval of alternative jet fuels has never been more

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Monster on the Big Muddy: REG Geismar to Expand Renewable Hydrocarbon Production to 340 Million Gallons

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) In Louisiana, Renewable Energy Group said it will undertake a capacity expansion of its Geismar, Louisiana biorefinery by 250 million gallons annually to 340 million gallons per year. This announcement follows a thorough review and

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Competitive Edge: Velocys

by Helena Tavares Kennedy  (Biofuels Digest)  ... Velocys is delivering the next generation of sustainable fuels to decarbonize aviation. We were founded from spinouts of Oxford University in the UK and the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in the USA, developing a

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17 Projects with 4 Billion Gallons, 9 Fast Emerging Players: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to California’s Green Rush

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) At DigestConnect this past Thursday, we talked about the latest the California Low Carbon Fuel Standard, how the LCFS relates to the Renewable Fuel Standard and energy values, we compared the value stack for 5 popular

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Air Transat Inks Agreement to Purchase Sustainable Aviation Fuel from Canadian Power-to-Liquid Start-up

(GreenAir Online)  Leisure carrier Air Transat has signed an offtake agreement, claimed to be the first in Canada, to purchase a significant portion of synthetic jet fuel from future production by the SAF+ Consortium. The power-to-liquid (PtL) fuel will be derived

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Top Renewable Diesel Projects and Pathways: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to Renewable Diesel Now

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) If you missed last week’s DigestConnect webinar, have no fear, the full deck is here! From 11 pathways on who’s doing what, how and with what, 21 projects and who’s running them and where, 13

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Emerging Markets Publishes Renewable Diesel 2030 Report

by Will Thurmond (Emerging Markets)  Renewable Diesel 2030 is designed to help financiers, producers, developers, distributors, consultants and analysts with a fact-filled market guide detailing medium and long-term trends and developments in the renewable diesel and sustainable aviation fuels sectors. This

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Jet Fuel from Junk

by Pamela Gregg  (University of Dayton Research Institute) ... ASTM International has approved the use of a synthetic oil derived from municipal waste in the manufacture of jet fuel at petroleum refineries. The co-processing of “syncrude” with petroleum at the refinery

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SAF Trends for 2020 and Beyond: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to Sustainable Aviation Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Who’s making what, how, where and when? Find out why there are a zillian paths to sustainable aviation fuels and take a look at The Digest’s latest slide guide from last week’s DigestConnect webinar to

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Who’s Afraid of the Big, Bad Pandemic? How New Technologies Add Resilience to Our Economy and 7 Wolfpack Experts Analyze the Options

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ... A thread of hope appeared this week from the bioeconomy’s Wolfpack, seven due diligence experts hungry for value — Paul Bryan, Ron Cascone, David Dodds, Michele Rubino, Joel Stone and Steve Weiss. Let’s see how they

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Two New Alternative Jet Fuel Production Pathways Approved

(Commercial Aviation Alternative Fuels Initiative)  CAAFI is happy to announce the latest industry alternative jet fuel (AJF) Production Pathway approvals, and ASTM publication of: 1) A new ASTM D7566 alternative jet fuel production pathway: ASTM D7566 Annex A7 – Hydroprocessed Hydrocarbons

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15 Newest Projects – Who’s Got What Underway?

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) While the world may be at a standstill,there are still many projects going on and moving forward. But where are these projects? Who’s involved? How far along are they? What are they working on? From

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GasTechno and INFRA to Commercialize Integrated Gas-to-Liquides Production System

(GasTechn0/EIN Presswire) Gas Technologies LLC and INFRA Synthetic Fuels, Inc combine technologies to convert natural gas and renewable natural gas into low carbon renewable fuels.  --  Gas Technologies LLC ("GasTechno"), and INFRA Synthetic Fuels, Inc., ("INFRA"), have invested $USD 100MM

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Minding the Cost Gap: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to IEA Bioenergy’s Cost Reduction for Biofuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Today’s top story, “Mind the Gap,” refers to a rather bleak and disturbing assessment offered by IEA Bioenergy on the prospects for cost-competitive advanced biofuels. The report looked at 89 different organizations and their technologies,

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EQTEC to Upgrade Spanish Waste to Energy Facility for Biofuel Production

(Biofuels International)  Waste gasification to energy company EQTEC has been awarded a contract for the upgrade of the existing syngas research and development facility at the University of Extremadura in Badajoz, Spain. The university was recently successful in a funding application

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Velocys Contracts Worley to Deliver Technology Package for Waste-to-Fuel Projects

(Biofuels International)  Sustainable fuels technology company Velocys has appointed engineering contractor Worley to manage the delivery of its fully integrated technology package. Worley will act as partner in the development of pre-feasibility, feasibility and front-end engineering design (FEED) packages for

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Sustainable Synthetic Carbon Based Fuels for Transport

(The Royal Society)  The need to achieve net-zero greenhouse gas emissions from all human activities has never been clearer. One area requiring urgent action is the transition from the use of fossil fuels for transport. Whilst the decarbonisation of electricity

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SUN-to-LIQUID - Renewable Transportation Fuels from Solar Energy

(SUN-to-LIQUID) The SUN-to-LIQUID project develops an alternative fuel technology that promises unlimited renewable transportation fuel supply from water, CO2 and concentrated sunlight. The project, which is funded by the EU and Switzerland, can have important implications for the transportation sectors, especially for

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From Woody Biomass to Renewable Fuels: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to Red Rock Biofuels’ Lakeview Project

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Red Rock’s Lakeview site broke ground in July 2018 but what’s the status now? Just ask Red Rock’s Jeff Manternach, Co-founder and CFO, who gave this illuminating presentation at ABLC NEXT in San Francisco. He

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Converting Waste to Synthetic Crude Oil: The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to Licella’s Thermochemical Tech

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Licella is transforming plastic and biomass waste into high value sustainable resources. Their Cat-HTR platform uses water at high temperature and pressure to transform wastes and residues to synthetic crude oil, chemically equivalent to fossil

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A Planet on Fire: The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to Red Rock Biofuels’ Call to Action for Aviation Industry

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) “Facing catastrophic problems with the immediacy of wildfire and the sinister creeping of climate change is depressing. It is depressing enough to throw in the towel, to say I can’t make a difference, the problem is

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Autothermal Pyrolysis: The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to Rethinking Thermochemical Processing

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Iowa State University is working on fast pyrolysis, and Robert Brown, Director of the university’s Bioeconomy Institute looks at how their work is making us rethink thermochemical processing. By looking at autothermal pyrolysis, and more, Brown

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Sasol Willing to Consider Using ‘Green Hydrogen’ to Produce Lower-Carbon Fuels

by Terence Craemer (Craemer Media's Engineering News) South African energy and chemicals group Sasol, which is under increasing pressure to lower its carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, has indicated a willingness to participate in demonstration projects aimed at deploying its Fischer-Tropsch assets in combination with

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Fuel from MSW and Biomass: The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to Velocys’ Aviation Fuel

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) For 17 years, Velocys has been working on XTL projects and their FT technology has operated on syngas derived from natural gas, landfill gas, coal and biomass. Philipp Stratmann, VP Biofuels at Velocys shared the latest from

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From Waste Woody Biomass to Carbon Negative Transportation Fuels via CCUS

by Philipp Stratmann (Velocys/Biofuels Digest) At this year’s ABLC Next Conference in San Francisco Velocys presented on the opportunity to produce negative emission fuels at our planned Bayou Fuels facility in Natchez, Mississippi. Whilst we were not the only company presenting on

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Functional Fungus, Amyris’s Secret New Nutritional Ingredient, Bioplastics for Auto Applications, First-ever Hydrogen Powered Train and More: The Digest’s Top 10 Innovations for the Week of November 22nd

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Christmas decorations are showing up in all the stores already so The Digest figures it’s not too early to talk about the holidays…so forget about the coal powered Polar Express this winter, as the first-ever contract

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A Planet on Fire: The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to Red Rock Biofuels’ Call to Action for Aviation Industry

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  “Facing catastrophic problems with the immediacy of wildfire and the sinister creeping of climate change is depressing. It is depressing enough to throw in the towel, to say I can’t make a difference, the problem is

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Velocys Fulfils Order for Biorefinery Project in Japan

(Velocys) Velocys plc (VLS.L) is pleased to announce that it has constructed and now delivered Fischer-Tropsch (FT) reactors and catalyst to Toyo Engineering Corporation (Toyo) for use in a biomass-to-jet fuel demonstration facility in Nagoya, Japan. Toyo is currently constructing the bio-jet

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Better Biofuels with Biomass: The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to Axens and the BioTfueL Project

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  BioTfueL, originally launched by Total, is a project to produce biofuels via thermochemical conversion and includes several partners that work together on this. Axens Solutions recently spoke at ABLC NEXT about the project, how biomass

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Keep Calm and Make Oil?: The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to Infra’s GTL Tech

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Infra Technology has developed and patented a Gas-to-Liquids (GTL) technology (INFRA.xtl), based on the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process, for the production of light synthetic oil and clean liquid synthetic transportation fuels from natural and associated gas,

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The Race Is on to Repurpose Garbage

by Marc S. Reisch (Chemical & Engineering News)  Despite a spotty track record, companies keep trying to convert trash into energy, fuels, and chemicals  --  ... Local press reports noted weather-related construction delays, a challenge to the plant’s environmental permits,

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Catch & Kill: The Velocys, Oxy, Cemvita, Carbon Engineering, BHP, Ginkgo Chase to Catch Waste, Kill Emissions, Armed with New Organisms to Liberate Value

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Mississippi, Velocys’ Bayou Fuels project has signed with Oxy Low Carbon Ventures to capture carbon dioxide from Velocys’ planned Bayou Fuels biomass-to-fuels project in Natchez, Mississippi, and securely store it underground in a geologic

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Velocys Wins $0.5 Million Order in Japan for Fischer-Tropsch Technology

(Biofuels International) Velocys has secured a purchase order and technical service agreements with Toyo Engineering (Toyo) for its biomass-to-jet fuel technology in a demonstration facility in Japan. The company has also secured an advanced deposit for the use of the

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Complete Production Chain from Biomass Residues to Fischer-Tropsch Products Successfully Validated

(VTT) Production of biofuel by gasification of biomass residues was successfully validated in the EU's COMSYN project in September. The process performance was verified with bark in an 80 hour-long test run at VTT. The syngas conversion to Fischer-Tropsch (FT) products

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Delta Invests $2 Million for Study of Potential Facility to Produce Biofuel from Forest Floor Debris

(Delta News Hub)  Commitment will fund exploration for the establishment of a sustainable biofuel refinery in Washington State. --  As part of its ongoing commitment to sustainability, Delta Air Lines is investing $2 million to partner with Northwest Advanced Bio-fuels, LLC for

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Forest Products Industry Barriers to Producing Biofuels

(Biorenewable Deployment Consortium) BDC is a 501c3 organization focused on education and brokering partnerships in order to accelerate the deployment of economic bioprocesses and assist the forest products industry to get the most value from the tree.  BDC membership represents

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Ready to Meet Market Growth?: The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to Biomass Gasification

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Missed The Digest’s webinar on Biomass Gasification? Wondering what it is or where it’s at? Biomass Gasification is a thermochemical process in which a renewable solid carbonaceous feedstock is reacted with air, oxygen, CO2 and/or steam

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Velocys Scores Nearly £10 Million in Investment for Aviation Biofuel

by Meghan Sapp (Biofuels Digest)  In the UK, Velocys announced that it has raised £7 million in a private placing, selling shares at 3 pence each, complementing commitments received by the company from the Altalto Imminghamwaste-to-sustainable-fuels project’s strategic partners, British Airways

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Debris to Diesel: Chesapeake Could Soon Be Home to a Bioenergy Facility that Turns Trash to Fuel

by Alyssa Myers (Virginia Pilot)  A 61-acre property along the Elizabeth River may soon become a complex with technology straight out of the 1980s movie “Back to the Future.” The proposed facility promises to turn household garbage into diesel and wax much

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Fighting Forest Fires with Biofuels: The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to Red Rock Biofuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Red Rock Biofuels produces drop-in, renewable, low-carbon jet and diesel fuels. RRB makes the long-commercialized Fischer-Tropsch process economic at the biomass scale. By using forest and sawmill residues, Red Rock reduces the risk of catastrophic wildfires

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Potential to Decarbonize Long Distance Transport: The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to Drop-in Biofuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) IEA Bioenergy Task 39, with the help of the National Renewable Energy Lab and University of British Columbia, has been working facilitating the commercialization of conventional and advanced liquid biofuels from biomass drop-in biofuels for quite

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UK’s Net-Zero Carbon Proposal for 2050 Sees Big Role for BECCS and Aviation Biofuel

by Meghan Sapp (Biofuels Digest)  In the UK, the UK Committee on Climate Change’s new report seeking to achieve net-zero carbon emissions by 2050 sees CCS tied in with bioenergy production as key, as well as 21TWh of biofuels for aviation, roughly

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Cellulosic Biofuels: The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to Iogen

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Iogen is a leading biotechnology firm specializing in transforming cellulosic ethanol biofuels into real, reliable and cost-effective fuels for today’s cars and trucks. Iogen specializes in developing, designing, de-bugging, scaling-up and deploying cellulosic biofuel technology. Brian Foody, CEO

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Algae-Derived Solar Fuel

(Algae Industry Magazine)  Susan Kraemer writes in solarpaces.org that to use solar thermal energy to convert farmed algae to fuel, the solar fuels research team at Australian National University (ANU), led by John Pye together with Mahesh Venkataraman, proposed a new process,

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High Velocity Excitement: The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to Velocys

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Velocys has developed proprietary and commercially-proven Fischer-Tropsch technology that can cost effectively produce low-carbon fuels from a variety of waste materials, including woody biomass and municipal solid waste, at a scale that matches feedstock collection logistics. Philipp

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Red Rock Biofuels Gets Option to Double FT Capacity from EFT Reactors at Oregon Diesel/Jet Project

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Oregon, Emerging Fuels Technology, has amended their license agreement with Red Rock Biofuels LLC under which EFT will provide its TL8a Fischer-Tropsch technology to provide additional FT capacity for RRB’s Bio-Refinery in Lakeview, Oregon, USA. 

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Cellulosic Commercialization: The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to Cellulosic Ethanol

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Douglas B. Rivers, PhD,from Sunflwr Consulting and a member of Lee Enterprises Consulting offers this illuminating overview and more READ MORE    

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Renewable Jet Fuel from Woody Biomass

by Marina Bowie (Biobased Maine) According to the Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks (1990-2016), the transportation sector is one of the largest contributors to U.S anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, at 28%. Of the 28%, aircraft transportation contributes 9% of

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Firm Claims Breakthrough in Sustainable Diesel Production

(Envirotech Magazine)  New technology could displace billions of litres of fossil fuel annually  --  A new technology that converts biogas into a high-grade liquid fuel that can be used as a direct replacement for fossil fuels is being showcased at Alliance Dairies

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Velocys Customer Red Rock Biofuels Cuts Size of Firm Reactor Order

(StockMarketWire.com)  Alternative fuel company Velocys said it had agreed to a series of amendments in its licensing contracts with Red Rock Biofuels in order to speed up completion of a planned bio-refinery. The changes were related to RRB's license of Velocys Fischer-Tropsch

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Update on CAAFI State-Level Projects

(Commercial Aviation Alternative Fuels Initiative )  SAJF Deployment Projects Florida, Alabama, Georgia Several developments in Alabama and Florida will enhance opportunities for the Southeast Partnership for Advance Renewables from Carinata (SPARC), a USDA Coordinated Agricultural Project (CAP).   The Alabama Department of Economic Development and

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Waste Accumulation Problems and Opportunities

by Zoltan Kish (Lee Enterprises Consulting, Inc./Biofuels Digest)  ... In 2016, the Ontario government released its Strategy for a Waste-Free Ontario [2], diverting our wasteful ways towards an entirely circular economy, but it doesn’t seem to be widely discussed. This strategy requires appropriate tools

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Ethanol’s New Way Forward: The Digest’s 2018 Multi-Slide ABLC Guide to Byogy Renewables

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Byogy Renewables is producing full replacement renewable fuels for all modes of transport, including heavy transport sectors. Kevin R. Weiss, President/Chief Executive Officer and Co-Founder of Byogy gave this illuminating presentation on the upgrading of ethanol to

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Year of the Tree, CORSIA Fuels, Mabus’ Remarks, a Breakthrough on Woody Biomass?: Heard on the Floor at the CAAFI General Meeting

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  When the world’s leaders for sustainable aviation fuels have a general meeting the week before the COP24 global climate sessions (this year in Poland), you can bet that the focus will be breaking the “You Can

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Bio Jet Fuels Good for the Climate, but Technologies Need Tweaking

(Norwegian University of Science and Technology/EurekAlert)  Norway's forestry wastes could meet 20 per cent of its aviation fuel needs while protecting the environment  ---  Even travelling relatively short distances in Norway's populated south, say from Bergen to Trondheim, two major coastal cities

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A Fuel Value over $7.00 per Gallon, and Everyone’s Chasing It: The Birth of USA Bioenergy and the Surge in Renewable Diesel

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In California, we are now seeing project flow projecting a sustainable $7.63 price for renewable diesel in the California market, where the Low Carbon Fuel Standard stacks on top of the RIN values from the federal

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Waste Gasification: 2018 Multi-Slide Guide to 2-Stage Incineration and “True” Gasification

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) IEA Bioenergy Task 33 is a working group of international experts with the aim to promote the commercialization of efficient, economical and environmentally preferable thermal biomass gasification processes. Here, Lars Waldheim of Waldheim Consulting gave this illuminating

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Thermal Gasification of Biomass: The Digest’s Multi-Slide Guide to TGoB in Norway

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  IEA Bioenergy Task 33 is a working group of international experts with the aim to promote the commercialization of efficient, economical and environmentally preferable thermal biomass gasification processes. Judit Sandquist gave this illuminating overview of the

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Thermal Gasification of Biomass: The Digest’s Multi-Slide Guide to TGoB in the United States

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  IEA Bioenergy Task 33 is a working group of international experts with the aim to promote the commercialization of efficient, economical and environmentally preferable thermal biomass gasification processes. Kevin Whitty gave this illuminating overview of the progress

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Carbon Capture, Solar Fuels, Fossil Bubble

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Spain, BIOCON-CO2, a new €7 million EU Horizon 2020-funded research project, has recently kicked-off with intentions of supporting EU leadership in carbon dioxide (CO2) re-use technologies. BIOCON-CO2 aims to re-use excess CO2 produced from the iron, steel,

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Fueled for the Future Red Rock Biofuels Facility Breaks Ground in Lakeview

by Kurt Liedtke (Herald and News)  On Wednesday, members of Red Rock Biofuels, political dignitaries, corporate representatives and a large community contingent gathered on the outskirts of Lakeview for a groundbreaking ceremony for the $320 million renewable fuels facility. Taking

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Top 10 Transformations – Pivotal Pivots for Survival in the Bioeconomy

Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest)  ... Some of these started with biofuels then went into chemicals, nutrition or protein and some are going back to their beginnings. What they all have in common, however, is they are transforming…as markets change, as

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Taking off: Velocys, Shell, British Airways, UK Government, New Energy Risk, Red Rock Biofuels, TCG Global, PQ, and Advanced Plasma Power Figure in Key Renewable Jet Fuel Project Advances

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  New Energy Risk’s new performance insurance for TCG Global’s gasifiers and a significant project advance from Velocys in the UK are on the docket today. These companies and the news this morning are united as key project

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Can Climate Change Be Stopped by Turning Air into Gasoline?

by David Fridley and Richard Heinberg  (Renewable Energy World)  The headline of this article was composed simply by rephrasing the title of a popular recent piece in The Atlantic — “Climate Change Can Be Stopped by Turning Air into Gasoline” — as a question.

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The Carbon Rescuers: 20 Top Waste Projects and Breakthroughs that Capture Used Carbon from the Waste Pile for New Uses

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In these top 20 projects, we usually say that we are using waste, but really we are converting something from a state of waste to a state of value — and that’s not just good for

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You’ve Come a Long Ways, Baby: The Digest’s 2018 Multi-Slide Guide to Velocys’ Renewable Drop-In Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Velocys enables modular gas-to-liquids and biomass-to-liquids plants to convert unconventional, remote and problem gas and waste biomass into valuable, drop-in liquid fuels. And most recently has repositioned from being a technology component supplier into initiating and drive

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The Digest’s 2018 Multi-Slide Guide to Fulcrum BioEnergy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Fulcrum BioEnergy has developed a “game-changing process for converting municipal solid waste that would otherwise be landfilled, into renewable transportation fuels including syncrude, jet fuel and diesel”. The company recently broke ground on its first commercial

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The Digest’s 2018 Multi-Slide Guide to Sustainable Aviation Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) SAF development in Europe.  An update on EU policy and initiatives by SkyNRG's Oskar Meijerink at ABLC in Washington, DC on March 1, 2018.  READ MORE

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Velocys Picks up Velocity While Rockin’ with Red Rock

by Helena Taveres Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) In the United Kingdom, renewable fuels company, Velocys, received a “notice to proceed” action to commence manufacturing of the Fischer-Tropsch reactors and catalyst for the Red Rock Biofuels biorefinery that will be located in Lakeview, Oregon. RRB has

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Air Canada, Red Rock and SkyNRG Move forward on Biofuel Initiatives While Air New Zealand Takes Longer View

(GreenAir Online)  ... Canada’s Biojet Supply Chain Initiative (CBSCI) is a three-year project between 14 stakeholder organisations, including Air Canada, which are working to enable a biojet supply chain in the country, with testing the feasibility of co-mingling biojet with an airport’s

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New Nanocatalysts for Biofuel Processing

(Bioenergy Insight) A project called Biogo-for-Production has developed new nanocatalysts to create an integrated modular and highly efficient process for producing fuels from renewable energy sources. The researchers focused on the development of advanced nanocatalysts, coupled with advanced reactor concepts to realise modular, highly

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The Digest’s 2018 Multi-Slide Guide to Prairie Catalytic, LanzaTech, Synvina, Fulcrum BioEnergy, POET-DSM, Cargilla/Calysta, Enerkem, and REG Geismar

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ABLC 2018 wrapped up with the ABLC Wolfpack including James Iademarco from Strategic Avalanche, David Dodds with Dodds & Associates, Ron Cascone from NEXANT, independent consultant Paul Bryan, and Joel Stone from ConVergince. While they didn’t howl at the moon,

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Oklahoma Cellulosic Diesel Facility Achieves D7 Q-RIN Status

by Ron Kotrba (Biomass Magazine)  D7 renewable identification numbers (RINs) generated at a biorefinery in Oklahoma City producing cellulosic diesel fuel have been verified by Weaver and granted Q-RIN status. Weaver is an independent third-party auditor and U.S. EPA-approved RIN Quality

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Dry Idea: The Digest’s 2018 Multi-Slide Guide to the Bioeconomy in Arid Regions

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The Sustainable Bioeconomy for Arid Regions (SBAR) is a multi-level research project that will cultivate two desert-dwelling crops, guayule and guar, for a sustainable bioeconomy. Scale up to profitable production, however, requires feedstock improvements, expansion of cultivation,

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Top 20 Advanced Bioeconomy Projects underway in North America

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  To date, North America is the most active of all regions in terms of deploying advanced technology — whether it is cellulosic ethanol, isobutanol for fuels and chemicals, or renewable chemical plants, you see the first

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Velocys: Envia Seeks EPA Approval to Generate D7 RINs

by Erin Voegele (Biomass Magazine)  Velocys plc has announced that Envia Energy, the joint venture plant that utilizes its technology, has applied for a fuel pathway approval under the Renewable Fuel Standard to produce D7 cellulosic diesel renewable identification numbers (RINs). According

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cellulase enzymes cellulose cellulosic biofuel Cellulosic biomass cellulosic diesel Cellulosic ethanol cellulosic ethanol price cellulosic feedstock cellulosic production tax credit cellulosic sugars Cellulosic Tax Credit cellulosic waiver credit cement Central African Republic Central America Certificate Program Certificates of Origin (COs) certification certification fuels cesium cetane Chad change in soil condition charging stations CHCJ-5 chemical-looping hydrogen method Chesapeake Bay chicken feathers chickens Chile Chili China chitin chp chromium chufa/cyperus esculents/nutsedge CIA circular economy citrus citrus greening disease Citrus Peel clean air Clean Air Act (CAA) clean diesel Clean Fuel Standard/Policy (CFS) Clean Heat Standards Clean Power Plan (CPP) Clean Trucks Plan Clean Water Act climate change Climate Change Adaptation climate change effects climate change mitigation climate legislation climate smart/conservation agriculture closed-loop system Clostridium thermocellum cloud point clover cmelina CNG Conversion kit co co-generation co-location Co-op Extension co-operative co-processing co-products CO2 Electrolysis CO2 neutral fuels CO2Removal Certificates (CORCs) coal Coal and Biomass to Liquid (CBTL) Coast Guard coastal habitat conservation coastal hay cobalt cock's foot coco coco methyl ester (CME) cocoa Coconut coffee coffee cherries coffee grounds coffee pulp cold flow cold-tolerance college/university Colombia Colorado combined heat and power (CHP) Comment Request commercial flights commercialization commissioning commo Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) commodity trading common reed Community activity community college Community involvement/engagement community scale Community Wood Energy Program competition compliance compliance credits compost Compressed Natural Gas (CNG/R-CNG/bioCNG) compression ratios compression-ignition engine computer simulation concrete condensate Congo Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Connecticut Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP) construction and demolition waste/debris consumer education contamination contest contrails conversion technology Cook Islands cook stoves cooking fuel cooperatives COP21 COP22 COP23 COP24 COP25 COP26 COP27 COP28 COP29 COP30 copper coppice cordgrass corn bran Corn cobs corn ethanol corn fiber corn growers corn harvest corn kernel corn meal corn oil corn oil/distillers corn oil (DCO) corn prices corn stalks corn stover corn supply corn surplus corn syrup corn-based products corn/maize Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards corporate social responsibility corrosion corruption CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) cosmetics Costa Rica cotton cotton seed hulls cotton seed oil cotton stalk cottonwood Council on Environmental Quality county cover crops cow rumen cracking Crambe crassulacean acid metabolism plants (CAM) crimes criteria pollutants Croatia crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude oil Cuba cup plant cuphea currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cusi cutworm caterpillars cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) cylindro Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs d-5 D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D20 (20%DME) D5 (5%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA date kernel oil date palm date palm pits date palm waste Dates DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act deficit definitions deforestation defossilization Dehydration Delaware DeltaWing demonstration demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify density Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security Department of Justice Department of Labor Department of the Interior Department of Transportation (DOT) depolymerization depots dextrose dfdsffsfdfsf diatoms diesel Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) diesel fuel blendstock diesel prices Diesel R5 diesel with renewables diesel-range hydrocarbons diesel-to-biodiesel conversion diethyl ether digital Digital Biology diisobutylene (DIB) dilute acid hydrolysis pretreatment DIN 51605 DIN EN 15376 (Ethanol blending component) direct air capture direct injection direct ocean capture Direct Sugar to Hydrocarbon Conversion (DSHC) direct-to-fuel directed evolution dispense distillates distillation distilled biodiesel distilled palm methyl ester (DPME) distilleries distributed/centralized distribution distribution capacity distribution waiver diversification divestment DME/rDME (dimethyl ether)/renewable DME DMF (2.5-dimethylfuran) Dominican Republic double cropping drawdown Drones/Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) drop-in biofuels/hydrocarbons drought drought tolerant drought-resistant dry ice dual cropping Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E100 E100 conversion kit E11 E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E2 E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E3 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E70 diesel E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency egg shell Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric Vehicle (EV) Prices electric grid electricity electricity price electricity/power generation electricity/power transmission electrocatalysis electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels (e-fuels) electrofuels (e-fuels) prices electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) electrons Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants embargo eminent domain emissions emissions standards EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 EN 228 EN 590 EN228 (standard pump gasoline) end user end-of-life Endangered Species Act (ESA) Energy Bill energy cane energy consumption energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy prices energy reserves Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine Development engine problems Engine/Fuel Co-optimization engineering England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment environmental impact study (EIS) environmental justice/socially inclusive environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Environmentalists Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic depolymerization enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling Enzyme solicitation enzymes EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) Equatorial Guinea equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) etha ethane ethanol ethanol benefits ethanol blend wall ethanol blended diesel ED ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol emissions ethanol ether diesel fuel ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol to gas ethanol tolerance ethanol-fueled aircraft Ethanol-to-Gasoline (ETG) ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/diesel ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethyl levulinate (EL) ethylbenzene ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order executive order--state Extended Range Electric Vehicle (EREV) externalities extremophiles f F Factor F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farmers farming farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation Feedstocks fermentation ferry fertilizer fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) Fischer-Tropsch/FT fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources Forest Service forestry forklifts Formate formic acid fossil carbon fossil fuel Frace fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud free fatty acids (FFA) Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon gallium Gambia games gas prices gas tax/highway user fee gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gasoline-range hydrocarbons Gemany General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Gerrmany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) Intensity giant cane giant kelp Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect Global South global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grain sorghum/milo grain speculators grains GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery green/black economy Greenland GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Guinea Bissau Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP gypsum h Haiti Halophytes harvest site processing harvesting Hawai'i hay hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ HDO-SAK (hydro deoxygenated synthetic aromatic kerosene) health health benefits health effects heat of combustion heat of vaporization heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) high octane low carbon (HOLC) fuel High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 HVO20 HVO30 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrid ships hybrids hydrocarbon fuels Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydroformylation hydrogen aircraft hydrogen carrier hydrogen combustion engines hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen leaks hydrogen pipeline hydrogen pumps/fueling stations hydrogen tax credit hydrogen terminal Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Price hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogenolysis hydropower Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal gasification hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois Illiois illuppai ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indian beech tree Indian grass Indiana indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial burners industrial ethanol industrial gases industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated biorefineries integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine (ICE) internal combustion engine (ICE)/gasoline engine ban International international balance of payments International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Sustainability and Carbon Certification model(ISCC) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit Invvesting ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron iron oxide IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isobutylene isomerisation isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica jamelão Japan jatobá Jatropha Jersey Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 jet B Jetfuel (Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs Joint Office of Energy and Transportation jojoba Jordan JP-10 JP-4 JP-5/NATO F-44 JP-8/NATO F-34 juniper Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kalanchoe kamani Kans grass Kansas Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati knotweed Knowledge Discovery Framework Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kulpa kusum Kuwait Kygryzstan labels labor policy Labrador lactic acid lactose Lake County lamp oil land ownership land prices land rights land subsidence land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy landfill methane Landfills landscape Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead Leadtree leaf ant Lebanon lecithin legislation Legislation-Federal Legislation-State lemna lend-lease Lesotho lesquerella leucaena levulinic acid Liberia Libya licensing lichens life cycle analysis (LCA) light rail lignin Lignin Ethanol Oil (LEO) Lignocellulosic Biofuel lignocellulosic sugars lime Lipid liquefaction liquid liquid petroleum gas (LPG) liquid transportation fuels liquidation Liquified Biogas (LBG) Liquified Biogas (LBG) pumps liquified biomethane (LBM) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logistics long-term contracts Louis Louisiana low c low carbon emissions low carbon octane standard (LCOS) Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel low sulfur fuel low sulfur marine fuel lubricants lumber mill Luxembourg lysis M100 M15 M3 M50 ma macadamia macauba Macedonia machine learning machinery macororo Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona management changes mandates mangaba manganese mango mangrove Manitoba mannose manure maple maps marginal land marine algae Marine Corps Marine Diesel Oil (MDO) Marine Fuel Oil Marine Gas Oil (MGO) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) price Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel Terminal Marine/maritime renewable fuel terminal/bunkering market forces market share marketing markets/sales Mars Marshall Islands Maryland Masdar Institute mass balance standard Massachusetts Master Limited Partnership (MLP) Mauritania Mauritius Mazda meat mechanics training medical waste MEEC membranes mergers and acquisitions mesquite methanation methane leaks methane/biomethane methanization methanol benefits methanol fuel cells methanol price Methanol-to-Jet (MTJ-SPK) Methanol/Biomethanol/Renewable Methanol methylbutenol Mexico Michelin GreenX Challenge Michigan micro-crop microalgae microbial electrosynthesis microbiology microorganisms/microbes microwave Mid-Atlantic Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military reserves military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels milk permeate millennium fruit millet millettia pinnata milo stover mineralization minerals mining Minn Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold molinia molybdenum MON (Motor Octane Number) Monaco Mongolia mongongo monitoring/measuring reporting verifiction (MRV) Montana Montenegro moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles motors MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES2014 MOVES3 (MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator model) Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed mvr Myanmar n-butanol n-butene nahar Namibia nano nano particles nanocatalysts 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Nevada New Brunswick new fuel approval New Guinea New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New South Wales New York New Zealand Newfoundland Newfoundland and Labrador next generation biofuels next generation vehicles NHRA drag racing Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrogen starvation nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota North Korea Northeast northern catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory Northwest Territories Norwary Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds nuclear Nunavut nut shells nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition oak oat hulls oat straw oats Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) Office of Science Technology and Policy (OSTP) Offices of Inspector Generals offtake agreements Ohio oil oil embargo oil exploration oil monopoly oil p oil price parity oil prices oil production oil refineries oil replacement oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil speculators oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes oil/gas terminals Oils Oklahoma olefins oligomerization olive cake olive oil olive pits olive pomace olive water olives Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm ammonia production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing on-site hydrogen production one p one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontaio Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) open fuel standard open pond opportunity zones optimized flex fuel vehicles orange peel orchard grass orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) osage orange OSHA Overseas Private Investment Corporation overview overview/survey course owa oxygen oxygenate ozone Pakistan Palau palm palm biomass palm fatty acid distillate palm fiber palm fronds palm kernel palm kernel oil palm kernel shell palm oil Palm Oil Methyl Ester (PME) palm oil mill effluent (POME) palm oil prices palm trunk sap palm waste Paludiculture/peatland cultivation Panama pandas panic grass papaya paper Papua Indonesia Papua New Guinea paraffins Paraguay Paris Agreement parity partial waiver particulates pasture land Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) patents pathways Paulownia paulownia tree payments peach shell peaches peak oil peak oil demand peanuts/groundnuts peas pectin peela kaner pellet pellets Pennsylvania pennycress/stinkweed pentane pentanol pentose pequi perennial grains perennial grasses Performance permitting Peru pest-tolerance pesticide-tolerance pests pet food petition petroleum pharmaceuticals phase separation Philippines phosphorus photobioreactor photoelectrocatalysis 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RNG tax credit roadmap rocket fuel Romania RON (Research Octane Number) rosin rotation crops Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials (RSB) royalties RP-1 RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber rubber seeds rumen ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Rural Renewable Energy Pilot Program rushes Russia Russian olive rutabaga Rwanda ry rye Rye grass rye straw s saccharification SAF pipeline SAF10 SAF30 SAF40 SAFc (Sustainable Aviation Fuel certificates) Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower sago pond weed SAIC sal tree Salicornia salt water salt-tolerant saltbush saltcedar Samoa Sanctions Santa Monica sardine oil Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Advisory Board (SAB) Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) Science Policy scooters Scotland scum sea level rise seaports seashore mallow seawater seaweed cultivation Seaweed/Macroalgae 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