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Renewable Diesel’s Rising Tide

by Tom Bryan (Biodiesel Magazine)  An update on U.S. renewable diesel projects—operational, expanding, under construction and proposed—giving new purpose to aging oil refineries. The report represents a transformative volume of

January 19, 2021 Read Full Article

Aemetis: Patent Award Enables Launch of ‘Carbon Zero’ Plants

(Aemetis/Ethanol Producer Magazine) Aemetis Inc. announced Jan. 15 that its exclusively licensed technology for the production of below zero carbon renewable fuel was awarded U.S. Patent No. 10907184 (to be published February 2,

January 19, 2021 Read Full Article

Dan Szeezil of UOP: We’ve Never Been More Active in Renewable Diesel and SAF As We Are Now

by Tammy Klein (Transport Energy Strategies) Following the successful Q&A roundtable discussion on the future of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) last month, I decided to do a video podcast series with

January 15, 2021 Read Full Article

Honeywell Introduces Simplified Technology to Produce Renewable Diesel

(Honeywell UOP)  Honeywell UOP Ecofining™ single-stage process produces cleaner-burning high-cetane transportation fuels chemically identical to petroleum-based diesel  — Honeywell today announced that it has introduced a single-stage UOP Ecofining™ technology offering

January 13, 2021 Read Full Article

The Digest’s Top 10 Advanced Bioeconomy Markets and Predictions for 2021

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  A mere “The Year in Rewind” as we sail into 2021? Not the good ship Digest! Instead, we dust off our crystal ball and offer

January 6, 2021 Read Full Article

Top 10 Slide Guides of 2020

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) … In today’s Digest, we look at the HOTTEST Digest Slide Guides like Corbion’s biobased Poly Lactic Acid (PLA), Gevo’s low carbon drop-in transportation fuels,

December 29, 2020 Read Full Article

Top 20 Stories of 2020

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) 2020 showed us a lot of things, but one thing it emphasized bigtime is that we are all connected on this planet. A virus spread

December 28, 2020 Read Full Article

Converting a Petroleum Diesel Refinery for Renewable Diesel

by Erin Chan (Burns & McDonnell)  As refiners consider renewable, low-carbon alternatives, renewable diesel — refined from agricultural products using petroleum refinery processes — is gaining traction. Rather than constructing

December 23, 2020 Read Full Article

Neste Successfully Completed Its First Industrial-Scale Processing Run with Liquefied Waste Plastic in Finland

(Neste) Neste has a target to process annually over 1 million tons of waste plastic from 2030 onwards. The company plans to use liquefied plastic waste as a raw material at

December 23, 2020 Read Full Article

The President of Kenya Uhuru Kenyatta Meets Eni CEO Claudio Descalzi

(ENI)  The President of the Republic of Kenya Uhuru Kenyatta has met today in Nairobi the Chief Executive Officer of Eni Claudio Descalzi to discuss potential green initiatives to be developed

December 22, 2020 Read Full Article

Measuring the Uncertainty of Renewable Diesel Projects

by Dave Collings (1898 & Co./Burns & McDonnell) Renewable diesel — also known as green diesel, hydrotreated vegetable oil, or hydrotreated esters and fatty acids — has now gained widespread

December 21, 2020 Read Full Article

Is Your Renewable Diesel Project Sustainable?

by Dave Collings (1898 & Co./Burns & McDonnell) For organizations looking to develop, construct and commission a new renewable diesel plant, it’s important to understand the various market conditions at play

December 21, 2020 Read Full Article

Oil Refineries See Profit in Turning Kitchen Grease into Diesel

by Clifford Krauss (New York Times)  Used cooking oil is one of the ingredients in renewable diesel, which generates far less emissions than conventional diesel and allows refineries to take

December 4, 2020 Read Full Article

S&P Global Platts Launches Renewable Diesel Values in United States

(S&P Global Platts/Markets Insider)  S&P Global Platts (“Platts”), the leading independent provider of information and benchmark prices for the commodities and energy markets, today announced the launch of renewable diesel

December 2, 2020 Read Full Article

Renewable Diesel Set to Grow outside California

by Jessica Dell (Argus Media)  New state-level low-carbon fuel standard (LCFS) programs and Canada’s proposed Clean Fuel Standard will grow the market for renewable diesel and create demand centers out

December 2, 2020 Read Full Article

Refineries Are Fighting over Used Cooking Oil and Animal Fat

by Haley Zaremba  (OilPrice.com)  … In the absence of gasoline demand, refineries have been casting around for alternate solutions to keep their plants up and running, and it looks like

November 30, 2020 Read Full Article

UK Refiners Push Back over 2030 Ban on New Fossil Fuel Cars

by Robert Perkins  (S&P Global Platts) Refiners call for more biofuels support; Move seen displacing 60,000 b/d of oil demand; Hybrids get reprieve until 2035, EV sales booming — The UK’s refining sector

November 19, 2020 Read Full Article

Continental Refining Company Unveils Transformational “AgriTech” Plan for Refinery Plant in Somerset

(Continental Refining Company)  New Soybean Crushing Plant and Biodiesel Production Facility would be on the Cutting Edge of Food and Energy Production  — Hemisphere Limited, the parent company of Continental Refining

November 19, 2020 Read Full Article

How to Build a Green Hydrogen Economy for the US West

by Jeff St. John (GreenTechMedia)  The Intermountain and ACES projects may be the start of a regionwide green hydrogen generation and transmission network.  — Out in Utah, a coal-fired power plant

November 19, 2020 Read Full Article

10 Steps to a Successful Biofuel Construction Project

by Jacqueline Greenberg Vogt and Robert C. Epstein (Greenberg Traurig LLP/Biofuels Digest)  These Ten Steps May Help Biofuels Companies Avoid Headaches, Delays, Higher Costs and Legal Complications  — … Construction

November 17, 2020 Read Full Article

CVR Energy Plans Potential Renewable Diesel Project at Coffeyville

by Laura Sanicola  (Reuters) CVR Energy Inc CVI.N plans to pursue a renewable diesel project at its 132,000 barrel per day (bpd) Coffeyville, Kansas, refinery if succeeds in producing the fuel at

November 6, 2020 Read Full Article

Evolve or Die: US Refiners Grasp Renewables Lifeline to Stay Viable

by Janet McGurty (S&P Global Platts) Government incentives drive renewable diesel projects growth; Demand up as regional low carbon regulations increase — Once the scourge of the US refining industry, some refiners

November 5, 2020 Read Full Article

Marathon Petroleum Corp. Reports Third-Quarter 2020 Results…Starting up Dickinson, N.D. Renewable Fuels Facility

(Marathon Petroleum Corp.)  … “As we navigate these challenges, we remain focused on the aspects of our business within our control. First, we strengthened the competitive position of our assets

November 4, 2020 Read Full Article

Neste to Acquire Bunge’s Refinery Plant in Rotterdam to Increase Raw Material Pretreatment Capacity for the Production of Renewable Products

(Neste) Neste, the world’s leading producer of renewable diesel and sustainable aviation fuel produced from waste and residue raw materials, has agreed to acquire Bunge Loders Croklaan’s refinery plant located in

November 4, 2020 Read Full Article

“Flim Flam” Biofuels Company Wants to Buy the Largest East Coast Oil Refinery

by Steve Horn (The Real News)  … The little-known company has pitched its proposal to convert the site into a biofuels refinery. It is run by a man one mayor has dubbed the

October 26, 2020 Read Full Article

Alfa Laval Wins SEK 130 Million Renewable Energy Order in the US

(Alfa Laval/PR Newswire) Alfa Laval – a world leader in heat transfer, centrifugal separation and fluid handling – has won an order to supply a processing line to HollyFrontier Corporation to

October 21, 2020 Read Full Article

Facing Wave of Closures, Oil Refiners Turn to Biofuels

by Ron Bousso and Laura Sanicola (Reuters)  European and U.S. oil refineries face a wave of closures due to plateauing fuel demand, tightening environmental rules and overseas competition, prompting some owners

October 20, 2020 Read Full Article

DEQ Agrees to Review Global Air Quality Permit: State Reconsidering Columbia Pacific Bio-Refinery Air Emissions Permit Following Petition from Environmental Groups

by Anna Del Savio (Columbia County Spotlight) The Oregon Department of Environmental Quality has agreed to reconsider an air quality permit it approved for the Columbia Pacific Bio-Refinery earlier this year.

October 14, 2020 Read Full Article

Exclusive: Italian Refiner Saras Plans Cost Cuts, Biofuel Expansion

(Reuters/Today)  Italian oil refiner Saras <SRS.MI> is targeting cost savings of 120 million euro ($141 million) to weather a slow recovery in fuel demand due to coronavirus and plans to

October 13, 2020 Read Full Article

Is There Money for Renewable Fuels? Latest Perspectives on Financing Renewable Fuel Projects

by Mike Newman (Parhelion Underwriting Inc./Biofuels Digest) Connecting people from renewable fuels companies with projects they want to finance to the people who can finance them was a key goal for

October 13, 2020 Read Full Article

U.S. Oil Refiners Press on Renewable Diesel for Canadian Market: Few Such Projects Seen Moving forward within Canada

by Laura Sanicola, Rod Nickel (AgCanada/Glacier Farm Media/Reuters) U.S. oil refineries are moving aggressively to produce renewable diesel, partly to cash in on Canada’s greener fuel standard before Canadian refiners modify

October 6, 2020 Read Full Article

Total Eyes further HVO Expansion

by Adam Porter (Argus Media) Total said today that it plans to add an additional 300,000 t/yr of hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) production capacity in Europe. It is also considering introducing

October 1, 2020 Read Full Article

A Rare Bit of Good News for Oil Refiners: ‘Renewable Diesel’

by Tim Treadgold (Forbes)  … Until recently renewable diesel was very much a niche product which failed to attract mainstream investor interest. That could change after a leading investment bank,

September 29, 2020 Read Full Article

Preem Withdraws Expansion Plans for Lysekil Refinery

by Nicholas Woodroof  (Hydrocarbon Engineering) Preem’s Board has announced that, in the light of new economic circumstances, the Residue Oil Conversion Complex (ROCC) project will be cancelled and the 2016 Environmental Permit

September 29, 2020 Read Full Article

Pertamina to Use Honeywell UOP Technologies to Produce Advanced Biofuels in Indonesia

(Honeywell UOP) National Oil Company of Indonesia to open green fuels refinery in Plaju and revamp Cilacap refinery for renewable diesel production  — Honeywell today announced PT Pertamina (Persero) will use

September 29, 2020 Read Full Article

Energy Transition: Total Is Investing More than €500 Million to Convert Its Grandpuits Refinery into a Zero-Crude Platform for Biofuels and Bioplastics

(Total) Within the framework of its net zero strategy, Total will convert its Grandpuits refinery (Seine-et-Marne) into a zero-crude platform. By 2024, following an investment totaling more than €500 million, the

September 25, 2020 Read Full Article

Integrated Strategies to Enable Lower-Cost Biofuels

(U.S. Department of Energy)The Integrated Strategies to Enable Lower-Cost Biofuels report summarizes the findings of a qualitative analysis to identify integrated strategies needed for more affordable biofuels. It outlines five

September 12, 2020 Read Full Article

Track the Sudden Conversion to Renewable Fuels

(The Jacobsen Publishing / PR Newswire) The Jacobsen Publishing has launched a hub for tracking the rapidly changing landscape of fuel producers adopting renewables, with a focus on renewable diesel, sustainable

September 9, 2020 Read Full Article

Massive Refiners Are Turning into Biofuel Plants in the West

by Robert Tuttle (Bloomberg) The latest sign of a worldwide energy transition: Massive oil refineries across the western U.S. are being converted into biofuel plants. Phillips 66 on Wednesday became the latest

September 7, 2020 Read Full Article

State Regulators OK Natural Gas, Renewable Diesel Pipeline Projects

by Amy R. Sisk (Bismark Tribune) The North Dakota Public Service Commission approved two pipeline projects Wednesday: one for a new natural gas processing plant in Williams County and another

August 28, 2020 Read Full Article

US Fuel-Makers Could Face ‘Irreparable’ Damage from Demand Collapse and the Move to Green Policy

by Josh Siegel (Washington Examiner)  … “Thankfully, I am not invested in refineries,” said Tom Kloza, global head of energy analysis at IHS Markit and founder of Oil Price Information

August 19, 2020 Read Full Article

Spotlight: Ethanol Plants Part of the Solution for Forthcoming Renewable Diesel Feedstock Problem

by Corey Lavinsky (S&P Global Platts) Distillers corn oil (DCO) is a co-product of corn ethanol production and can be used as renewable diesel feedstock; Greater demand, higher prices seen for DCO

August 18, 2020 Read Full Article

Oil Refineries Convert into Biofuel

(WOWO Farm Director)  Massive oil refineries in the western United States are making an unexpected transition. They’re being converted into biofuel plants. Phillips 66 recently announced it will convert a

August 17, 2020 Read Full Article

Phillips 66 to Build World’s Largest Renewable Diesel, Sustainable Aviation Fuel Plant

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) 800 million gallon monster slated for 2024 opening as P66 says it will convert Rodeo Refinery to renewables   — Phillips 66 will reconfigure its San Francisco

August 13, 2020 Read Full Article

Exxon Inks 525 Million Gallon, 5-Year Renewable Diesel Offtake Deal with Global Clean Energy Holdings

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) In Texas, ExxonMobil has signed an agreement with Global Clean Energy Holdings to purchase 105 million gallons of renewable diesel per year for five years from

August 12, 2020 Read Full Article

CVR Energy Evaluates Renewable Diesel Project at Wynnewood Refinery

by Janet McGurty (S&P Global Platts) Project costs to be recouped by blenders tax credit; Renewable diesel project approval expected in September  —   CVR Energy is evaluating a renewable diesel project at

August 6, 2020 Read Full Article

Marathon Petroleum to Close Its Martinez Refinery and Convert it to an oil-storage facility 800 job cuts planned with shutdown plan that also includes a Texas refinery

by Edwin Seba (Retuers/Mercury News) Marathon Petroleum plans to permanently close its oil refineries in Martinez and Gallup, New Mexico, the company said, eliminating 800 jobs in response to lower fuels demand.

August 3, 2020 Read Full Article

Italy’s Saras Eyes HVO, Ethanol Expansion at Sarroch

by Adam Porter (Argus Media) Italian refiner Saras is looking to boost production of biofuels, including hydro-treated vegetable oil (HVO), at its 300,000 b/d Sarroch unit on Sardinia. — Chief executive

August 3, 2020 Read Full Article

Top Renewable Diesel Projects and Pathways: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to Renewable Diesel Now

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) If you missed last week’s DigestConnect webinar, have no fear, the full deck is here! From 11 pathways on who’s doing what, how and with

July 27, 2020 Read Full Article

Ohio Company Purchases Beatrice Biodiesel Plant

by Scott Koperski  (Daily Sun)  … Katie Merx, Marathon senior communications manager, said in an emailed statement that the company plans to use the former biodiesel facility to aggregate and

July 21, 2020 Read Full Article

5 Ways to Reduce Costs in Integrated Biorefineries: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to Enabling Lower-Cost Biofuels

The U.S. Department of Energy’s Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) just released a new report that outlines five specific, yet broadly applicable, areas of focus to reduce costs in an integrated

July 13, 2020 Read Full Article

Takeaways: 10 Big Bioeconomy Trendlines at ABLC for Fuels, Chemicals, Materials, Food and Feed

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Here are the Top 10 Trendlines we saw and heard from the 8000+ delegates and viewers at ABLC 2020. 1. The thundering herd. One informed firm that does

July 13, 2020 Read Full Article

Renewable Diesel Fuel Production Intent Continues To Expand

(Commerical Aviation Alternative Fuel Initiative)  Over the last few weeks, several announcements were made concerning the increased domestic production of renewable diesel fuel, adding to the already significant number of

June 30, 2020 Read Full Article

Clean Fuels for All: A Potential Pathway to Climate Neutrality by 2050

(FuelsEurope) The ambition of the European Union is to be climate neutral by 2050. The European refining industry supports the same ambition. Our industry is transforming, and we have developed a comprehensive

June 25, 2020 Read Full Article

Refiners Start to Add Renewable Diesel Capacity, Seen as Cost-Cutting Move

by Laura Sanicola and Stephanie Kelly  (Reuters) Refiners such as HollyFrontier Corp and CVR Energy are exploring opportunities to produce renewable diesel to save money on less profitable refineries and offset compliance

June 25, 2020 Read Full Article

Aegion Corporation Awarded Groundbreaking Renewable Diesel Project at a California Refinery

(Wall Street Online/Globe Newswire)  Aegion Corporation (NASDAQ: AEGN) today announced that a subsidiary of the Energy Services segment, Schultz Industrial Services (“Schultz”), has been awarded the mechanical construction services contract

June 25, 2020 Read Full Article

A GOOD IDEA Path to Economic Transformation

by Russ Freeman (Modern Rotating Impact Mill Production Company, llc./Biofuels Digest) So how do we choose a GOOD PATH from many alternatives carbon sources? Repurposing carbon in Municipal Solid Wastes could be exceptionally

June 18, 2020 Read Full Article

Renewable Diesel Expanding with Petroleum-to-Renewable Refinery Conversions

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) But there is a huge transformation happening with growth in the conversion of petroleum refineries to renewable diesel. Just look at how renewable diesel went

June 15, 2020 Read Full Article

15 Hot Tech Case Studies: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to The Digest’s #BetterWithBiology Top 15

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Everything’s better with biology, so here’s The Digest’s newly released Top 15 case studies of today’s hottest technology and new markets for traditional oil and gas

June 10, 2020 Read Full Article

Orion Energy, GCM Grosvenor and Voya Close a $365 Million Strategic Capital Partnership with Bakersfield Renewable Fuels, a Global Clean Energy Holdings Subsidiary

(Orion Energy, GCM Grosvenor, Voya/Global Clean Energy/CISION/PR Newswire) Orion Energy Partners, L.P. (“Orion Energy”), GCM Grosvenor and Voya Investment Management (“Voya”) are pleased to announce a capital partnership with Bakersfield

June 4, 2020 Read Full Article

Q&A on Cellulosic Ethanol with Clariant

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) DigestConnect hosted a wildly popular webinar in late April with Clariant’s Head of Business Line, Biofuels

May 28, 2020 Read Full Article

Newton, Ill., Jasper County Seek to Stimulate Southern Illinois Economy via $400 Million Renewable Fuels Plant; Add HealthcheckIn Protocol for COVID-19-Free Workplaces for City, County, State, Country

(Business Wire)  The City of Newton, Ill., Jasper County, and St. Joseph Renewable Fuels, LLC announced plans to build a

May 13, 2020 Read Full Article

Alon Bakersfield Refinery Converting to Renewable Diesel Production

by Matthew Mercure (NGT News)… Alon Bakersfield Refinery is an existing oil refinery located in Bakersfield, Calif. Historically, the refinery has

May 12, 2020 Read Full Article

CVR Energy to Explore Converting Refining Units for Renewable Diesel Production

by Laura Sanicola  (Reuters) CVR Energy Inc is looking to convert certain units in its refineries to renewable diesel production to reduce

May 8, 2020 Read Full Article

Converting Ethanol Plants to Alternative Protein Production: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to White Dog Lab’s Microbiome-Derived Proteins

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) The Digest reported yesterday how White Dog Labs is giving a glimmer of hope to the

May 5, 2020 Read Full Article

From Food to Fuel – White Dog Labs Converts Ethanol Plant to Alternative Protein Production

 by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) … White Dog Labs is starting to address the problem by bringing new markets to

May 4, 2020 Read Full Article

15 Newest Projects – Who’s Got What Underway?

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) While the world may be at a standstill,there are still many projects going on and

April 16, 2020 Read Full Article

Converting Biomass Plant into RNG – Site Layout, Catalysts Requirements: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to Low-Carbon Renewable Natural Gas from Wood Wastes – Part 1

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest)  California needs facilities that can dramatically reduce GHG emissions and black carbon production by

April 15, 2020 Read Full Article

Diamond Green Diesel to Enhance Distribution Logistics Per Agreement With St. Rose IMTT Terminal

(Darling Ingredients Inc./Market Watch) Darling Ingredients Inc. DAR, -5.44%  today announced that its joint venture with Valero Energy Corporation, Diamond Green Diesel (“DGD”), has entered

February 26, 2020 Read Full Article

PBF Energy Completes Acquisition of Martinez Refinery, Creates West Coast System

(PBF Energy/PR Newswire) – PBF’s total throughput capacity increases to over 1,000,000 barrels per day; – Establishes PBF as the most complex

February 19, 2020 Read Full Article

Leyline Finances AD Plants in Pennsylvania, New Jersey

(Leyline Renewable Capital/Biomass Magazine) Leyline Renewable Capital announced today that it has entered into an agreement with RNG Energy Solutions to

December 13, 2019 Read Full Article

Eni Opens Its 2nd Large-Scale Renewable Diesel Facility in Italy

by Ron Kotrba (Biodiesel Magazine) Eni announced Sept. 25 it has opened its new, innovative renewable diesel production facility in Gela,

October 2, 2019 Read Full Article

Dhamendra Pradhan to Launch IOC’s Rs 800-cr Ethanol Project in Gorakhpur

by Virendra Singh Rawat  (Business Standard)  The unit is proposed to be set up on 50 acres of land in

August 26, 2019 Read Full Article

Total Starts Up the La Mède Biorefinery

(Total)  Total has started up production at the La Mède biorefinery in southeastern France, with the first batches of biofuel

July 5, 2019 Read Full Article

Chip Energy Wins Occupancy OK for Factory Building Made from Recycled Shipping Containers

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Illinois, obtaining a certificate of occupancy on a building constructed of 60 Intermodal Shipping

April 10, 2017 Read Full Article

RES-T-BIOPLANT: Towards Advanced Biofuels – Options for Integrating 1st and 2nd Generation Biofuel Production

(IEA Implementing Agreement for Renewable Energy Technology Deployment)  The integration of advanced (2nd generation / 2G) biofuel plants with conventional

May 20, 2016 Read Full Article

Towards Advanced Biofuels – Options for Integrating 1st and 2nd Generation biofuel Production (RES-T-BIOPLANT)

(IEA-RETD/IEA Implementing Agreement for Renewable Energy Technology Deployment)  The integration of advanced (2nd generation / 2G) biofuel plants with conventional

February 9, 2016 Read Full Article

GreenSky Project Prepares to Land in Thurrock

(Solena Fuels)  Solena Fuels in partnership with British Airways has committed to building the world’s first facility to convert landfill

April 17, 2014 Read Full Article

Ottawa Lends Biofuel Firm $500,000

by Bill Power (Chronicle Herald Business)  Queens County’s CelluFuel already has Nova Scotia aid for $4m project using wood fibre

March 25, 2014 Read Full Article

Catsimatidis to Turn Grease into Gold with Greenpoint Biodiesel Plant

(The New York World)  Permit pending for long-delayed facility on Newtown Creek that would transform food oil into vehicle fuel

March 18, 2014 Read Full Article

Flotta Verde! The Italian Navy’s Green Fleet Underway: The Story, in Pictures

by Commander Pasquale Tripodi (Italian Navy/Biofuels Digest)  Italy’s Navy joins the global green fleet movement with its first sea trials and

March 17, 2014 Read Full Article

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Air Resources Board (CARB) Cambodia Camelina camels Cameroon Canada canarygrass Canary Islands canary reed grass candle nut cannabis canola/rapeseed canola straw cap-and-invest cap-and-trade carbohydrates carbon carbon-efficient fuels carbon capture and storage (CCS) carbon capture and utilization (CCU) carbon cost carbon credit carbon credit markets carbon cycle carbon debt Carbon Dioxide (CO2) carbon efficiency carbon emissions carbon fiber Carbon Intensity (CI) carbon life cycle carbon markets Carbon Monoxide (CO) carbon negative carbon neutrality carbon offsets carbon price carbon recycling carbon sequestration carbon sink carbon tax carbon tax-and-dividend Carbon tax border adjustments carbon user fee Carbon Utilization and Biogas Education Program carcinogens cardoon Caribbean carinata/brassica carinata carob cashew cashew apple CASI CAS Registry Cassava cassava price cassava pulp cassava stalk castor bean castor stalk catalysis catalysts catalytic decarboxylation catalytic hydrothermal conversion catalytic hydrothermal conversion-to-jet (CHCJ) catalytic hydrothermal gasification catalytic hydrothermolysis jet CHJ pathway cattle cavitation CBD (cannabidiol) cell culturing cellulase enzymes cellulose cellulosic biofuel Cellulosic biomass cellulosic diesel Cellulosic ethanol cellulosic ethanol price cellulosic feedstock cellulosic production tax credit cellulosic sugars Cellulosic Tax Credit cellulosic waiver credit cement Central African Republic Central America Certificate Program certification certification fuels cesium cetane Chad change in soil condition charging stations CHCJ-5 Chesapeake Bay chicken feathers chickens Chile Chili China chitin chufa/cyperus esculents/nutsedge CIA circular economy citrus citrus greening disease Citrus Peel clean air Clean Air Act (CAA) clean diesel Clean Fuel Standard/Policy Clean Power Plan (CPP) Clean Water Act climate change Climate Change Adaptation climate change effects climate change mitigation climate legislation climate smart agriculture closed-loop system Clostridium thermocellum cloud point clover CNG Conversion kit co co-generation co-location co-operative Co-op Extension co-processing co-products CO2 Sequestration coal Coal and Biomass to Liquid (CBTL) coastal habitat conservation coastal hay Coast Guard cobalt cock's foot cocoa Coconut coffee coffee cherries coffee grounds coffee pulp cold-tolerance cold flow college/university Colombia Colorado combined heat and power (CHP) Comment Request commercial flights commercialization commissioning Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) commodity trading common reed Community activity community college Community involvement community scale Community Wood Energy Program competition compliance compliance credits compost Compressed Natural Gas (CNG / R-CNG) compression-ignition engine compression ratios computer simulation concrete condensate Congo Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Connecticut Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) construction and demolition waste/debris consumer education contamination contest contrails conversion technology cooking fuel cook stoves cooperatives COP21 COP22 COP23 COP24 COP25 copper coppice cordgrass corn-based products corn/maize corn bran Corn cobs corn ethanol corn fiber corn growers corn harvest corn kernel corn meal corn oil corn oil/distillers corn oil (DCO) corn prices corn stalks corn stover corn supply corn surplus corn syrup Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards corporate social responsibility corrosion corruption CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) cosmetics Costa Rica cotton cotton seed hulls cotton seed oil cotton stalk cottonwood Council on Environmental Quality cover crops cow rumen cracking Crambe crimes Croatia crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude oil Cuba cuphea cup plant currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cutworm caterpillars cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) cylindro Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D5 (5%DME) D20 (20%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA date palm date palm pits Dates DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act deficit definitions deforestation defossilization Delaware DeltaWing demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify density Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security Department of Justice Department of Labor Department of the Interior Department of Transportation (DOT) depolymerization depots dextrose diatoms diesel diesel-range hydrocarbons diesel-to-biodiesel conversion Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) diesel fuel blendstock diesel prices diethyl ether digital Digital Biology diisobutylene (DIB) dilute acid hydrolysis pretreatment DIN 51605 DIN EN 15376 (Ethanol blending component) direct-to-fuel direct air capture directed evolution direct injection Direct Sugar to Hydrocarbon Conversion (DSHC) dispense distillates distillation distilled biodiesel distilleries distributed/centralized distribution distribution capacity distribution waiver diversification divestment DME/rDME (dimethyl ether)/renewable DME Dominican Republic double cropping Drones/Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) drop- drop-in biofuels/hydrocarbons drought drought-resistant drought tolerant dry ice dual cropping Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG e-methanol E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E5 price E6 E7 E8 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E40 E50 E55 E75 E78 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 E100 E100 conversion kit earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED95 educatio education educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency Egypt Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric grid electricity electricity/power generation electricity/power transmission electricity price electrocatalysis electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants El Salvador embargo emissions emissions standards EN 228 EN 590 EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 end-of-life Endangered Species Act (ESA) end user Energy Bill energy cane energy consumption energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy reserves Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine/Fuel Co-optimization Engine Development engineering engine problems England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment Environmentalists environmental justice environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic depolymerization enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling enzymes Enzyme solicitation EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) esg ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) ethane ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G ethanol benefits ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol blend wall ethanol emissions ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol tolerance Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethylene ethyl levulinate (EL) ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication externalities extremophiles f F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farmers farming farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices Feedstocks feedstock storage feedstock transportation fermentation ferry fertilizer F Factor fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch/FT Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose flameleaf sumac flavors flax Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) Flightpath flight tests flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources forestry Forest Service fossil carbon fossil fuel fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) free fatty acids (FFA) French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon Gambia gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline-range hydrocarbons gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gas prices gas tax/highway user fee General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) giant cane Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government subsidies grains grain sorghum/milo grain speculators GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green/black economy green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery GREET model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP h Haiti Halophytes harvesting harvest site processing Hawaii hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ health health benefits health effects heat-tolerance heating oil/fuel heat of combustion heat of vaporization Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) HFS-SIP hibiscus High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Honge tree nuts Hong Kong hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 Hybrid aircraft hybrids hydrocarbon fuels hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydrogen Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogen fuel cells hydrogenolysis hydrogen price hydrogen pumps hydropower hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois illuppai ILUC (Indirect Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indiana Indian beech tree Indian grass indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial ethanol industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insects insurance integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine International international balance of payments International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica jamelão Japan jatobá Jatropha Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 Jetfuel (Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs jojoba Jordan JP-4 JP-5 JP-8 JP-10 juniper Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kamani Kansas Kans grass Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kero kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati Knowledge Discovery Framework Korea Kosovo kudzu 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Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel low sulfur fuel low sulfur marine fuel lubricants lumber mill Luxembourg lysis M3 M15 M50 M100 ma macadamia macauba Macedonia machine learning Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona management changes mandates mangaba manganese mango mangrove Manitoba mannose manure maple maps marginal land Marine/Maritime Biofuel marine algae Marine Corps Marine Diesel Oil (MDO) Marine Gas Oil (MGO) market forces marketing markets/sales market share Mars Marshall Islands Maryland Masdar Institute Massachusetts mass balance standard Master Limited Partnership (MLP) Mauritius Mazda meat mechanics training medical waste MEEC membranes mergers and acquisitions mesquite methan methanation methane/biomethane methane leaks methanization Methanol/Biomethanol/Renewable Methanol methanol price Mexico Michelin GreenX Challenge Michigan micro-crop microalgae microbial electrosynthesis microbiology microorganisms/microbes microwave Mid-Atlantic Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military reserves military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels millennium fruit millet millettia pinnata milo stover minerals mining Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold molybdenum MON (Motor Octane Number) Monaco Mongolia mongongo Montana Montenegro moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES3 (MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator model) MOVES2014 Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed Myanmar n-butanol nahar Namibia nano nanocatalysts nanocellulose nanomaterials nano particles naphtha/bionaphtha NASCAR National Academies of Science National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) National Guard National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Laboratory National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Oilheat Research Alliance National Park Service National Research Council National Science Foundation (NSF) national security National Security Council National Transportation Safety Board Native American tribes natural gas Natural Gas Act natural gas input natural gasoline natural gas prices natural gas vehicles Navy Nebraska neem negative carbon emissions neodymium Nepal net energy balance Netherlands Nevada New Brunswick Newfoundland new fuel approval New Guinea New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New South Wales New York New Zealand next generation biofuels next generation vehicles NHRA drag racing Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrogen starvation nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota Northeast northern catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory North Korea Northwest Territories Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds NTSB nuclear Nunavut nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition nut shells oak oat hulls oats oat straw Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) offtake agreements Ohio oil oil embargo oil exploration oil monopoly oil p oil price parity oil prices oil production oil refineries oil replacement Oils oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil speculators oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes Oklahoma olefins olive cake olive oil olive pits olives olive water Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) open fuel standard open pond opportunity zones optimized flex fuel vehicles orange peel orchard grass orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells osage orange OSHA Overseas Private Investment Corporation overview overview/survey course oxygen oxygenate ozone Pakistan Palau palm palm biomass palm fatty acid distillate palm fiber palm fronds palm kernel palm kernel oil palm kernel shell palm oil palm oil mill effluent (POME) palm oil prices palm waste Paludiculture/peatland cultivation Panama pandas panic grass papaya paper Papua Indonesia Papua New Guinea paraffins Paraguay parity partial waiver particulates pasture land Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) patents pathways Paulownia paulownia tree payments peaches peak oil peak oil demand peanuts/groundnuts peas pectin peela kaner pellets Pennsylvania pennycress/stinkweed pentane pentanol pentose pequi perennial grains perennial grasses Performance permitting Peru pest-tolerance pesticide-tolerance pests petition petroleum pharmaceuticals phase separation Philippines phosphorus photobioreactor photosynthesis phragmites pigeon pea pilot scale pine pineapple pine beetle pine nut pinion pipelines Pistacia chinensis PLA plant cell research plant cell walls plant oil plastic plastic-to-jet Plug-in Flex Fuel Hybrid Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) plume grass Poland poli Policy politics pollinators pollution pollution control polyfuel polymer polymerization polysaccharides pomace pomegranates pongamia pongamia pinnata poplar poppy population control Portable refinery Portugal poster sessions potamogeton potassium potato poultry litter/waste power-to-x/gas/liquid prairie grasses pre-processing precision farming/agriculture precursors/biointermediates premium gasoline Pretreatment pretreatment equipment price price of water prickly pear Prince Edward Island process flow diagram producer tax credit Production tax credit productivity project insurance propagating Propane/Biopropane/Renewable Propane propanol property insurance propylene protectionism protein protests proton exchange membrane (PEM) public comments public health policy Puerto Rico pulp Pulp/Paper Mill pump retrofit kit pumps pungam Punnai tree pyrolysis Q-RIN QAP Qatar quality assurance Quality Assurance Plans (QAPs) quality improvement quantum dots Quebec Queensland quote of the week r R33 rabbits race radiata pine Rahal Letterman Lanigan Racing railroad rainforest rain tree RAND rare earth metal RD20 RD30 RD99 RD100 reclaimed mine lands recycled oil recycled plastics recycling red algae redcedar Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation refineries reforestation Reformate regenerative braking regenerative farming regulations Regulations-Federal Regulations-State Regulatory Enhancement Growth Support (REGS) Reid vapor pressure (RVP) remediation remediation rice straw Renewable Chemical renewable chemical producer tax incentive renewable chemical production tax credit Renewable Diesel/Green Diesel/Paraffinic Diesel Renewable Diesel/Green Diesel price Renewable Diesel Production renewable diesel pumps renewable diesel tax credit renewable diesel terminal Renewable Energy Renewable Energy Directive (RED and RED II) Renewable Energy Standard Renewable Energy to Fuels through Utilization of Energy-Dense Liquids (REFUEL) renewable fuel renewable fuel oil (RFO) Renewable Fuels Directive (EU) Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS2) revisions/repeal Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS and RFS2) renewable gasoline blendstock renewable marine diesel Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) price Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) pumps Renewable Portfolio Standards Renewable Power Standard Renewable Synthesized Iso-Paraffinic Fuels (SIP) Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation (RTFO) renewable volume obligation (RVO) RenovaBio replacement molecules Repowering Assistance Program repurpose research and development research facility resiliency resource depletion retail retrofit return on investment R Factor RFI (Request for Information) RFS "reset" RHD100 Rhizosphere Observations Optimizing Terrestrial Sequestration (ROOTS) Rhode Island Ricardo rice rice bran oil rice hulls rice husks rice price rice straw RICO (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act) RIMPAC RINs (Renewable Identification Numbers) RINs markets RINs price risk management RJ-4 RJ-6 RME (rape methyl ester) RME180 RNA (Ribonucleic acid) roadmap rocket fuel Romania RON (Research Octane Number) rotation crops royalties RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber rumen ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Russia Russian olive rutabaga Rwanda ry rye Rye grass s saccharification Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower sago pond weed SAIC SAK Salicornia salt-tolerant saltbush saltcedar sal tree salt water Sanctions Santa Monica sardine oil Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Advisory Board (SAB) Science Policy Scotland scum sea level rise seaports seashore mallow seawater Seaweed/Macroalgae seaweed cultivation Section 526 Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) seed-to-wheel seed husks Senegal Serbia sesame sewage Seychelles shale shale gas shale oil shark oil sheep shipping shipping containers shipworm Sierra Leone silica Silphie/cup plant/Indian cup silver silver maple simarouba Singapore sisal SK slash Slovakia Slovakia/Slovak Republic Slovenia sludge Small Business Administration small engines small refinery exemption (SRE) smog smokestack soap Social social benefit investing social cost social value social venture Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) soi soil soil amendments soil carbon soil health soil microbial biomass solar-to-fuels solar biofuels solar energy solar energy-to-chemical conversion 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supply agreements supply chain Supreme Court surahart Suriname Sustainability Swaziland Sweden sweetgum sweet potatoes Sweet sorghum swine waste Switchgrass Switzerland sycamore syngas syngas fermentation synthetic biology synthetic diesel synthetic gasoline synthetic liquified gas (SLG) synthetic methane synthetic natural gas Syria Tailoring Rule Taiwan Tajikistan tall fescue tall oil tallow tallow tree Tamarix tank-to-wheel tank cars tankers tanker trucks Tanzania tariffs taro tar sands Tasmania tax benefit tax credit taxes tax incentives tax parity tax policy tea teach-the-teacher teacher teacher resources teacher training technical course Technical Readiness Levels techno-economic analysis technology transfer tech transfer telephone utility poles Tennessee termites terpenes terrestrial carbon testing Texas textbook Thailand theft therapeutics thermal deoxygenation thermocatalytic conversion thermochemical conversion thermochemical liquefaction Tibet Tier 3 Tier 4 tilapia tillage Timor-Leste tires tobacco tobacco tree Togo Tokyo toluene Tonga tool Toronto torrefaction Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) trade trade dispute/discrimination trade group trade organization Trade Policy trade secrets training trains transesterification transgenics transition Transportation Fuels Policy Transportation Fuels Policy--Municipal Transportation Fuels Policy--State Transportation Policy Treasury Department trees Trinidad and Tobago triticale trucks tubers tung tunicate Tunisia Turkey UCOME (Used Cooking Oil Methyl Ester) Uganda UK (United Kingdom) Ukraine UL (Underwriters Laboratory) ULSD (ultra low sulfur diesel) Ultra Low Sulfur Fuel Oil (ULSFO) underground storage tanks (UST) UNESCO United Arab Emirates (UAE) United Nations' International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) United Nations (UN) United States Auto Club Unleaded 88/E15 uranium urbanization urban sprawl Uruguay USAC US Agency for International Development (USAID) USAID US Army USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS) used cooking oil (UCO) used railroad ties US ethanol exports US Geological Survey US Product Safety Commission Utah utility model Uzbekistan value chain vanadium Vancouver Vanuatu Vatican VEETC vegetable oils vehicles miles traveled (VMT) Velocys Venezuela Vermont Victoria video Vietnam vinasse vinegar vineyard waste Virginia Virgin Islands. virgin oils viruses VLSFO (very low sulfur fuel oil) volunteers w waiver Wales warranty Washington Washington DC waste waste-to-chemicals Waste-to-Energy waste-to-fuel waste alcohol Waste CO2 waste heat waste management waste oil waste paper waste vegetable oil wastewater water water consumption water footprint water hyacinth watermeal watermelon water pollution water quality water treatment weather well-to-wheel West Africa Western Australia West Java West Virginia wet distillers grain wet extraction What You Can Do wheat wheat bran wheat fiber wheatgrass wheat prices wheat straw whey 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