Task Focus: Renewables Gases: Deployment, Markets, Trade and Role of the Gas Grid

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August 25, 2022

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Jan Liebetrau (Task 37) & Uwe Fritsche (Task 40) (International Energy Agency/IEA-Bioenergy) Decarbonization is about much more than electricity which only accounts for about 20% of the global final energy demand: Which technologies will be employed to decarbonize
the hard-to-abate sectors such as long-range heavy-duty transport, high-temperature industrial heat, fertiliser and chemical production, and international aviation and shipping? Here, renewable gases (RG) can be key components, as the (IEA “net zero” scenario shows). There is agreement that among RG, biomethane and hydrogen H2 will be most relevant.

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As biomethane is nearly pure methane, it can be used without any change in natural gas transmission and distribution infrastructure, or end-user appliances.

Regarding feedstocks, almost all countries which support anaerobic digestion (AD) incentivise the use of agricultural residues such as manure, and biogenic waste materials. The use of energy crops is costly and discussed controversially, with sustainability and land use being the main issues. Intercropping avoids some of the issues and might represent an alternative to conventional energy crops.

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Non-biogenic renewable gas (NBRG), encompassing hydrogen (H2) produced by electrolysis powered by renewable electricity and potential subsequent methanation with capture of CO2, are potential routes to decarbonize energy and chemical feedstock use, especially in hard-to-abate sectors. A growing number of countries developed national H2 strategies to position H2 in their decarbonization plans, some include non-biogenic renewable methane (RM).

Most strategies focused on green H2 expect that its first deployment will be in industries that already consume fossil-derived H2 such as oil refining, and fertilizer and chemicals production; a focus on aviation, shipping, and long-range heavy duty trucks; a focus on the co-benefits of H2 use including reduced GHG emissions, improved air quality, reduced reliance on fossil fuel imports.

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For more details on renewable gases see:
https://www.ieabioenergy.com/blog/task/renewable-gas-%e2%80%90-deploymentmarkets-and-sustainable-trade/

https://www.ieabioenergy.com/blog/publications/renewable-gases-hydrogen-inthe-grid/ READ MORE

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