Investing

Back TO HOME

China Achieves Mass Production of Sustainable Aviation Fuel

(CGTN)  A Chinese company has developed a sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) which will soon enter the commercial market, according to Science and Technology Daily. SAF is a new type of aviation fuel that blends bio-manufactured green jet fuel with traditional fuel. It

Read Full Article

On the Ground in Colorado, NREL Is Simulating Sustainable Aviation Fuel Combustion during Flight

by Erik F. Ringle (National Renewable Energy Laboratory) Laboratory Supports Industry in Fine-Tuning Sustainable Aviation Fuel Chemistry Ahead of Seeking Approval for Widespread Airplane Use -- ... But changes are coming for jet fuel, and the aviation industry is actively inviting

Read Full Article

From Hotpot Waste to Jets: Cathay Pacific Joins Hong Kong Group in Diving into Sustainable Aviation Fuel

by Eric Ng (South China Morning Post)  Many members have started to report and set targets to reduce not only their direct greenhouse gas emissions but also those of their suppliers, CEO of non-profit Business Environment Council Simon Ng says; 

Read Full Article

Emirates Joins UK Low Carbon Investment Initiative, The Solent Cluster

(Emirates) Emirates has become the first international airline to join The Solent Cluster, a UK initiative focused on low carbon investments established to reduce CO2 emissions from industry, transport and households in the South Coast of England. The Solent Cluster is a cross-sector collaboration of

Read Full Article

Synthetic Aviation Fuel Has Yet to Take Off in Europe: Study

( Agence France Presse/Barron's) The EU has set targets for using synthetic sustainable aviation fuels in European flights but no projects to produce the fuel have yet received a final investment decision, a study published Wednesday said. Transport and Environment, a non-governmental organisation

Read Full Article

New EU-funded FUELGAE Project Aims to Resurrect Algae as a Promising Source for Aviation Biofuels

by Christopher Surgenor (GreenAir Online) Over a decade ago, algae was seen as a very promising biomass for producing jet biofuel and a number of high-profile startups attracted big-name investors. In 2009, Continental Airlines flew the United States’ first-ever commercial jet

Read Full Article

University of Sheffield a Key Partner in Two New Direct Air Capture SAF Programmes

by Tony Harrington (GreenAir Online) The University of Sheffield in the UK has become a key partner in two new programmes supporting the production of sustainable aviation fuel from air-captured carbon dioxide. A mobile Direct Air Capture (DAC) plant developed by

Read Full Article

SMBC Aviation Capital Announces Partnership with Trinity College Dublin on Sustainable Aviation Fuel Research Facility

(SMBC Aviation Capital)   SMBC Aviation Capital and Trinity College Dublin today announce the Trinity College Dublin SAF Research Facility at SMBC Aviation Capital.   The research facility will be located at SMBC Aviation Capital’s new landmark offices in Dublin and will provide

Read Full Article

BioAdvance Invests 22 Million in Biofuels Factory in Figueira da Foz

by Antonio Larguesa (Eco Sapo (Google Translation)) Company led by Paulo Gaspar builds one of the largest European advanced biofuel units in the Port of Figueira da Foz. It has already reserved land and 50 million for second generation ethanol. -- n industrial investment

Read Full Article

S-OIL to Produce Bio-Based, Low-Carbon, Eco-friendly Products

(S-Oil) ● S-OIL has begun to introduce bio-based feedstocks, including used cooking oil and the byproducts of the palm oil, to produce low-carbon fuels such as sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), a first for a refiner in Korea. ● It will produce eco-friendly

Read Full Article

Enerkem to Retire Its Edmonton Biofuels Facility

(Enerkem)  After reaching its objectives, the Enerkem Alberta Biofuels plant will begin to wind down operations as of today (January 30, 2024).  --  Enerkem announced today that it will be retiring its Enerkem Alberta Biofuels (EAB) plant in Edmonton. The EAB facility achieved

Read Full Article

Hydrogen Rising: IRS Released Proposed Regulation to Section 45V of Internal Revenue Code Public Comments DEADLINE February 26, 2024 Public Hearing March 25, 2024

by John R. Kirkwood, Virginia M. Speck, Joshua L. Andrews, Aaron L. Szabo, Jason Deppen, Bryan Michael Allen (Biofuels Digest) In connection with the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA), on December 22, 2023, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) released a Proposed Regulation related

Read Full Article

Can Second-Generation Ethanol Production Help Decarbonize the World?

by Brian Kenny (Cold Call/Harvard Business Review)   How Brazil’s green energy champion, Raízen, is expanding the market for second-generation ethanol and other sugar-cane waste biofuels. -- Raízen, a bioenergy company headquartered in São Paulo, is Brazil’s leader in sugar and ethanol

Read Full Article

Iowa's Renewable Fuels Infrastructure Program Awards $3.4 Million in Funds to Retailers to Offer Higher Biofuel Blends

(Iowa Renewable Fuels Association) Iowa’s cost-share Renewable Fuels Infrastructure Program (RFIP) awarded $3.4 million in grants for 74 applicants that will add E15 to retail sites and one applicant to add a biodiesel terminal in Iowa. “This type of demand is incredibly

Read Full Article

NJ Introduces Clean Fuels Transportation Bill

(Fill It Up Clean New Jersey/PR Newswire)  First on East Coast to Advance Clean Fuels Legislation  --  Fill It Up Clean New Jersey, a diverse coalition of business and community stakeholders, is applauding the New Jersey State Senate for introducing legislation that would give The Garden

Read Full Article

Study Identifies Plans for 45 e-Fuel Facilities in Europe, as Norway Leads the Way

by Tony Harrington (GreenAir Online) A new study by European lobby group Transport and Environment (T&E) has identified commitments to build 45 e-kerosene plants in 10 European nations, with combined potential to produce more synthetic aviation fuel by 2030 than required by the

Read Full Article

Grown-Up Talk about Blue Hydrogen

by Terry Mazanec (Lee Enterprises Consulting/Biofuels Digest) ... What constitutes the hydrogen economy? According to most analysts, the hydrogen economy is “an economy that relies on hydrogen as the commercial fuel that would deliver a substantial fraction of a nation’s energy and

Read Full Article

Africa Can Use Its Idle, Arable Land for Biofuel and Save Earth

by Joachim Buwembo (The East African) ... Sceptics may argue that it will take a lot of land to produce the SAF (sustainable aviation fuel) required to fly all planes around the world. But sceptics are always there. At the start

Read Full Article

US Chicken Prices to Fall at Last Thanks to Green Fuel Boom

by Gerson Freitas Jr, Tarso Veloso, and Isis Almeida (Bloomberg Green Living) ... Processing the vast amounts of soybeans needed to make the plant-based jet fuel and diesel required to lower US emissions will also create mountains of co-product soymeal, widely used in

Read Full Article

EC Targets EUR 480m of EU Funds for CO2 Transport, Storage

by Siobhan Hall (Montel News)   The European Commission has allocated nearly EUR 480m in EU funding to CO2 transport and storage projects as it seeks to create a “European carbon value chain”, it said on Thursday. This includes EUR 131m for Norway’s cross-border Northern

Read Full Article

Groskopf: Building Trust in Ethanol

by Andy Groskopf (Nebraska Corn Board/Kearney Hub)  ... Each time I tuned in to the Big Ten Network, I saw a commercial advertising Unleaded 88 on volleyball and football with logos in the corner boasting the tagline, “Engine Smart, Earth Kind.” ... The

Read Full Article

Acelen Renewables Selects Honeywell For SAF And Renewable Diesel Fuel Production

(Honeywell)  Honeywell now surpasses 50 licenses for its renewable fuel processing solutions -- Honeywell (Nasdaq: HON) announced that Acelen Renewables has selected its Ecofining™ technology to help support the efficient production of a targeted 20,000 barrels per day of sustainable aviation fuel

Read Full Article

Joint SAF Project in Texas Due for Completion in 2025

(Biofuels International) Valero Energy and Darling Ingredients have announced that the joint sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) project at the Diamond Green Diesel (DGD) Port Arthur plant remains on schedule with completion expected in the first quarter of 2025. The project is expected

Read Full Article

CLIMBING. FAST. Debuts on Capitol Hill

(CLIMBING. FAST.)  The CLIMBING. FAST. advocacy campaign was recently introduced to Congress during a meeting of the House Climate Solutions Caucus – co-chaired by Reps. Andrew Garbarino (R-2-NY) and Chrissy Houlahan (D-6-PA) – which works to combat climate change, while also

Read Full Article

Sugar Valley Energy Bio-refinery to Address Sustainable Aviation Fuel Market

(California Ethanol + Power)  Sugar Valley Energy, a new 160-acre bioenergy campus planned in California’s Imperial Valley, intends to produce Sustainable Aviation Fuel for the airline industry, announced California Ethanol + Power CEO and President David Rubenstein today. The project could

Read Full Article

Future Energy Global Launches Sustainable Aviation Fuel Market Accelerator with Aviation Partners Backing

(Aviation Pros)  Responding to the pressing need to decarbonize aviation, a world-class team of aviation, Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) and climate experts, are creating a faster path to reach net-zero goals. Future Energy Global, led by former GE Capital Aviation Services (GECAS)

Read Full Article

IHI and ACME Signed Term Sheet to Supply Green Ammonia from India to Japan

(IHI) IHI and ACME Group, a leading renewable energy company in India, today signed a term sheet for the supply of green ammonia from Odisha, India to Japan. The term sheet was signed by Hiroshi Ide, President and CEO of IHI,

Read Full Article

AM Green Ties Up with Envision Energy for Wind Turbines and Global Green Hydrogen Projects

(AM Green/PR Newswire)  • AM Green and Envision Energy will form a partnership to manufacture wind turbines in India for green energy projects of AM Green and its customers.  • Both AM Green and Envision will collaborate on net-zero industrial parks and green hydrogen projects in India and

Read Full Article

Daimler Truck and Masdar Explore Liquid Green Hydrogen Supply Options to Decarbonize Road Freight Transport in Europe

(Daimler Truck)  - Daimler Truck and Masdar sign MoU to assess liquid green hydrogen exports from Abu Dhabi (UAE) to Europe. - Initiative has significant potential to enable the reduction of CO2-emissions in road freight transport in Europe.   - Agreement supports

Read Full Article

NXT Mobility Establishes New Hydrogen Station in Alkmaar

(Petrol Plaza)  All hydrogen-powered vehicles can now refuel at the new site, which is part of the Duwaal project for developing a green H2 economy. -- A new hydrogen refueling station (HRS) has been opened by NXT Mobility in the city of

Read Full Article

Plug Power Starts Production of Liquid Green Hydrogen at its Georgia Plant

(Plug Power) Landmark Achievement for Plug’s Vertically Integrated Green Hydrogen Ecosystem and the Largest Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Electrolyzer in the United States; Plant is a First-Hand Customer Showcase for Electrolyzer-Produced Hydrogen -- Plug Power Inc. (NASDAQ: PLUG), a global leader in

Read Full Article

Airbus, CSIR-IIP to Collaborate on Sustainable Aviation Fuel

(The Hindu) Airbus and the CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum (CSIR-IIP) have signed an MoU to develop new technologies and to test and qualify indigenous sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) in the country. The collaboration will address the Indian aerospace industry’s decarbonisation ambitions by

Read Full Article

EPA Approves First CO2 Injection Permits in a Decade

by Carlos Anchando (Politico Pro Energywire) Before this week, the agency had only issued two Class VI wells for carbon dioxide that led to construction. -- EPA issued permits Wednesday for two carbon dioxide injection wells proposed for western Indiana — the

Read Full Article

Sumitomo Eyes Mass Biodiesel Production in Japan

(Biofuels International) Sumitomo Corp is looking to mass-produce biodiesel in Japan using wood and sugarcane waste. The Japanese trading house plans to open a demonstration plant in 2025 on the southern island of Tanegashima with the University of Tokyo and Solariant Capital,

Read Full Article

Biofuels and Climate Markets Could Stem Loss of Farms, Says Vilsack

by Chuck Abbott (Successful Farming)  “We can’t afford to continue to lose farms and farmland. We have to figure out a better way, a different way.” said Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack at the American Farm Bureau Federation convention in Salt Lake

Read Full Article

Entrepreneur Cultivates Seeds that Produce Biofuel

(GCIS Vuk’uzenzele/Sowetan Live) Business journey has not been a bed of roses - Ngidi -- A young, curious farmer’s quest to pivot from farming traditional crops has seen her become an environmental warrior.  Zinhle Ngidi from Nkandla, KwaZulu-Natal, now cultivates seeds that produce

Read Full Article

Neste and Partner Companies Conclude the E-Fuel Research Project Showcasing Progress in the Development of Electrofuels

(Neste)  Renewable hydrogen produced by green electricity and carbon capture and utilization (CCU) play an important role in combating climate change. Low-emission e-fuels produced using these technologies are particularly suitable for segments that are difficult to electrify, such as aviation and

Read Full Article

Carbon America Submits First Class VI CO2 Injection Well Permit to EPA Region 8

(Carbon America/Business Wire)  Proposed Geologic CO2 Storage Site for Ethanol CCS Project Located on State Lands in northeast Colorado -- Carbon America has submitted a Class VI CO2 Injection Well permit application to the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Region 8 office to permanently

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to the State of Renewable Diesel and DME 2024

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This week on ABLC CONNECT, we networked and exchanged information about the world of Renewable Diesel and rDME, and as part of the proceedings, we had the State of Renewable Diesel and rDME presentation. The slides

Read Full Article

Renewable Diesel (HEFA) Plant Conversions for Maximum SAF Production

by Mark Robertson (Lee Enterprises/Biofuels Digest) Renewable diesel (“RD”) and sustainable aviation fuel (“SAF”) can be produced by hydrotreating virtually any type of biogenic feedstock lipid (oil). In processes involving hydrotreated esters and fatty acids (“HEFA” processes), the most common feedstocks

Read Full Article

LanzaJet Celebrates Grand Opening of Freedom Pines Fuels Plant, the World's First Ethanol to Sustainable Aviation Fuel Production Facility Government, Corporate, and Community

(LanzaJet/PR Newswire) Leaders Mark Historic Milestone as LanzaJet Launches Ground-breaking Next-Gen SAF Technology -- LanzaJet, a leading sustainable fuels technology company and sustainable fuels producer, today joined government officials, industry leaders, partners, and supporters to open LanzaJet Freedom Pines Fuels, the world's

Read Full Article

As Sustainable Aviation Fuel Plant Opens, Get US Ethanol into the Game

by Monte Shaw (Iowa Renewable Fuels Association/Des Moines Register)  Carbon capture and sequestration cuts U.S. ethanol’s carbon score by more than half. Carbon capture and sequestration alone gets us in the game. ... Ready to go, but sitting on the bench, is

Read Full Article

Blue Biofuels and Vertimass Forge Partnership to Start Production of Sustainable Aviation Fuel

(Blue Biofuels/Globe Newswire)  Blue Biofuels Inc. and Vertimass, LLC, have created a partnership to employ Vertimass’ proprietary Consolidated Alcohol Deoxygenation and Oligomerization (CADO) technology to produce sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) and renewable propane and butane (rLPG) as co-products from ethanol. This new company,

Read Full Article

LG Chem and Enilive: A Joint Venture Agreement for the Biorefinery in South Korea

(Eni)   LG Chem and Enilive move a further step forward to the final investment decision on the project of a new biorefinery in South Korea by signing the joint venture agreement. The agreement has been signed in Rome by Eni CEO,

Read Full Article

Lallemand Biofuels & Distilled Spirits Announces Partnership with Braskem Focused on the Development of Bio-based Chemicals

(Lallelmand Biofuels & Distilled Spirits)  New Technological and Commercial Partnership Focuses on Sustainable Chemicals with Negative Carbon Footprints  --  Lallemand Biofuels & Distilled Spirits (LBDS), a leading global fermentation ingredients supplier to alcohol producers, today announced a new partnership with Braskem

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Trends within Sustainable Aviation Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Balance your risks and rewards,” advises Topsoe’s Henrik Guldberg Petersen at ABLC Next 2023 in San Francisco, addressing the challenges of feedstock as a very scarce resource, making every carbon atom count for lower CI; the

Read Full Article

Pacific Biodiesel Awarded Federal Funds to Develop Hawaiʻi Agriculture-Based Biofuel Model

(Maui Now) Pacific Biodiesel Technologies, LLC has expanded its operations to Kauaʻi as part of a multi-year agreement signed last year with the US Army Corps of Engineers to demonstrate a renewable biofuel produced in Hawaiʻi from multiple locally grown oilseed cover crops. The agreement

Read Full Article

CIB Partners with Azure Sustainable Fuels on SAF Project Development

(Canada Infrastructure Bank)  Investment completes feasibility funding for Azure's three Canadian projects  CIB investment supports Azure's front-end engineering and design study. Sustainable aviation fuel has the potential to reduce aviation sector emissions by up to 80 per cent.  SAF can be used directly in aircraft engines by blending

Read Full Article

Norwegian Becomes Co-owner of Norsk e-Fuel

(Norwegian) Norwegian is now a shareholder in Norsk e-Fuel. The company will establish what could be the world's first large-scale production facility for electrofuel. The fossil-free jet fuel will be produced at a plant in Mosjøen in Nordland. The partnership will

Read Full Article

Genera Announces $340+ Million Investment in Sustainable Biomaterials Campus

(Genera) The investment will expand Genera’s manufacturing, production and distribution operations of its circular, compostable packaging solutions and biomaterials  --   Sustainable molded fiber and biomaterials company Genera announced today it has broken ground on the nearly $350 million expansion of its Sustainable

Read Full Article

Hycamite Breaks Ground at Kokkola Industrial Park for Customer Sample Facility

(Hycamite) The construction phase at Kokkola Industrial Park (KIP) was launched after receiving all the necessary permits from the authorities. No appeals were received by the end of the appeal period. The orders for the equipment have already been placed in

Read Full Article

Clean Growth Fund invests £2.25m in Hutan Bio

(Clean Growth Fund) After a decade of research and development in the UK and around the world, HutanBio, a bio-tech company founded by scientists from Cambridge University, based in Cambridge (UK) and in Malaysia, has secured investment from Clean Growth

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Red Leaf Biologics

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) RedLeaf Biologics is a fast-growing biotechnology company that is redefining the AgTech ecosystem in Kentucky and beyond. Combining proprietary plant genetics and extraction processes, we have developed a range of phytochemical extracts with valuable applications in health,

Read Full Article

Denmark’s 1GW Green Hydrogen Production Facility Receives Important Environmental Approval from Authorities

(H2 Energy Europe)  The approval is a key step in establishing an European hydrogen industry, ensuring its safety and benefits to the local community -- H2 Energy Europe announces that it has received environmental approval for its large-scale green hydrogen production

Read Full Article

Green Hydrogen: Italy Planning Pipeline Project with Morocco

(North Africa Post) The Italian government has agreed to finance a feasibility study for building a pipeline destined to transport green hydrogen from Morocco to the European country. This ambitious project has been disclosed lately by Italian MP Debora Serracchiani of the

Read Full Article

Greenbrier Valley Issued BDO Zone ‘AA’ Rating for Woody Biomass

(Bioeconomy Development Opportunity Zone Initiative) AA’ Rating to Unlock Underutilized Feedstock and Ignite Biobased Investment  -- The Greenbrier Valley Economic Development Corporation and Ecostrat are pleased to announce the issuance of a new Bioeconomy Development Opportunity (BDO) Zone designation for woody biomass. The Greenbrier Valley BDO Zone

Read Full Article

ClearFlame Engine Technologies Sells First Truck to Vander Haag's Inc.

(ClearFlame Engine Technologies/PR Newswire) Technology maintains diesel-like performance while delivering cost savings and lower carbon emissions for heavy-duty industry -- ClearFlame Engine Technologies announced today that it has completed the first sale of its FuelAdaptive™ truck to Vander Haag's Inc. The truck is the

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Low Carbon Fuels 2040

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Emerging Markets Online is focused on market trends and futures in biodiesel, renewable diesel, sustainable aviation fuels, low carbon fuels, integrated biorefining, and feedstock business development industries, and is the publisher of Low Carbon Fuels 2040.

Read Full Article

Joint Venture with CompactGTL towards New Business in Renewable Synthetic Fuels, Including Sustainable Aviation Fuel

(EQTEC/Polaris.Brighterir.com/RNS)  EQTEC plc (AIM: EQT), a global technology innovator powering distributed, decarbonised, new energy infrastructure through its waste-to-value solutions for hydrogen, biofuels, and energy generation, is pleased to announce that it has set up a new joint venture company (the "JV") with CompactGTL Limited ("CompactGTL")

Read Full Article

Sustainable Aviation Challenge Unveiled by Salesforce, Airbus, Breakthrough Energy, Boom Supersonic, Deloitte, Eni, JetBlue Ventures, Qantas, World Energy, First Movers Coalition, UpLink, others

by  Juan Pedro Tomas (Biofuels Digest) In Switzerland, Salesforce and partner companies, including Airbus, Breakthrough Energy, Boom Supersonic, Deloitte, Eni, JetBlue Ventures, Qantas Airways Limited, and World Energy, alongside the First Movers Coalition and UpLink, today unveiled the Sustainable Aviation Challenge sixteen most innovative start-ups that are accelerating the decarbonization of the aviation industry. The challenge calls

Read Full Article

Global Bioenergies Announces the Start of a New Phase in Its Collaboration with Shell to Develop Low-Carbon Road Fuels

(Global Bioenergies)  Global Bioenergies (FR0011052257 – ALGBE), a key player in industrial biotechnology, announces that the company has signed a new development contract with Shell Global Solutions (Deutschland) GmbH (“Shell”) to further develop low carbon road fuels. While the previous phases

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to the State of Sustainable Aviation Fuel 2024

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  This week on ABLC CONNECT, we networked and exchanged information about the world of Sustainable Aviation Fuel, and as part of the proceedings, we had the State of Sustainable Aviation Fuel presentation. The slides are here.

Read Full Article

ZeroAvia Is Exploring Cryo-compressed Hydrogen to Produce Longer-Range Planes

by Scooter Doll (electrek) Hydrogen-electric plane aviation technology developer ZeroAvia is exploring a form of energy-dense fuel to develop aircraft that can refuel faster and potentially fly farther. The company has signed a memorandum of understanding with hydrogen tech startup Verne to co-develop

Read Full Article

Indian Oil to Open 300 Ethanol Fuel Stations -- Transport Minister

by Rajendra Jadhav (Reuters News/Zawya)  India, the world's third-biggest oil importer and consumer, is keen to cut its carbon footprint to meet its 2070 net-zero carbon goal -- Indian Oil Corp , the country's top refiner, will open 300 ethanol fuel

Read Full Article

You Can’t Fly with Lead Wings, or Corn Ethanol’s SAF CI Problem

by Steven Slome, Jia Ming Ong and Matthew Morton (NexantECA/Biofueld Digest)  ... Accordingly, the main tool for achieving the goal of aviation decarbonization is currently liquid Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF).  SAF production is poised to grow significantly, supported by governmental measures such

Read Full Article

Everything You Wanted to Know about Biodiesel and Renewable Diesel. Charts and Graphs Included

by Jeremy Martin (Union of Concerned Scientists)  ... Biofuels overall account for a small but growing share of US transportation energy. Figure 2 shows that petroleum supplies 94 percent of US transportation energy while biofuels are 6 percent. Of the biofuels,

Read Full Article

Construction Starts on Stena Line’s First Methanol-Ready NewMax Hybrid Ferry

by Naida Hakirevic Prevljak (Offshore Energy)  Swedish ferry company Stena Line has marked a milestone on its journey towards sustainable shipping with the steel-cutting ceremony for the first of its methanol-ready ‘NewMax’ hybrid ferries.   The construction began at China Merchants Jinling

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Yerrawa Circular Technologies

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Yerrawa is a contender in  the quest to convert other waste materials such as non-cellulosic biowaste, plastics and fossil organic materials into valuable green products without the emission of greenhouse gasses like CO2, CH4, NOx, and/or

Read Full Article

Government Wants 50% of Biofuel to Come from Family Farming

(Informa Araguaia (Google Translation))  According to the Ministry of Mines and Energy (MME), the new text seeks more transparency and strengthens the requirements for the granting and maintenance of the seal by biofuel producers -- The federal government will nationalize the rules

Read Full Article

A Research Project Paving the Way for Large-Scale Production of Green Hydrogen Energy Carriers in Chile

(Fraunhofer IEE) Together with its partners, Fraunhofer Institute for Energy Economics and Energy System Technology IEE is paving the way for the establishment of large-scale production of green hydrogen and its downstream products in Chile. The project’s research focuses on the

Read Full Article

OptiFuel’s Total-Zero™ 5600 hp RNG-Electric Line Haul Locomotive and RNG-Powered Tender Are on Track for Testing at the Federal Railroad Administration’s Transportation Technology Center

(OptiFuel Systems) Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) Produced from 100% Existing USA Organic Waste Streams, is the Only Readily Available Turnkey Renewable Fuel with Negative Carbon Intensity, has the Lowest Cost, and can be Conveniently Accessed Through Existing Natural Gas Pipeline Infrastructure

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Achieving the SAF Grand Challenge

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digeist) The major U.S. airlines have committed to working across the aviation industry and with government leaders in a positive partnership to achieve net-zero carbon emissions by 2050. The U.S. aviation industry has taken a leadership role

Read Full Article

HNO International, Inc. Celebrates Milestone Achievement: Successful Refueling of Toyota Mirai Using Innovative CHRS™ Technology

(HNO International/PR Newswire) HNO International (HNOI) proudly announces the successful demonstration of clean hydrogen refueling of a Toyota Mirai utilizing its cutting-edge technology, the Compact Hydrogen Refueling Station (CHRS™). This groundbreaking feat signifies a leap forward in advancing clean and green

Read Full Article

Jordan Strives to Become Regional Hub for Green Hydrogen

(Arab News) Strategy for development of the sector drawn up in collaboration with the US Agency for International Development --  Jordan’s Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources aims to establish the country as a regional hub for the production and export of

Read Full Article

8 Rivers Announces Cormorant Clean Energy Project

(8 Rivers Capital/Carbon Capture Magazine) 8 Rivers Capital, LLC, a world-leading decarbonization technology developer, announced it is developing the Cormorant Clean Energy Project, an ultra-low-carbon ammonia production facility in Port Arthur, Texas. The Cormorant project will be powered by 8 Rivers’

Read Full Article

GTI Energy Selected for Award from the U.S. Department of Energy to Demonstrate Industrial Carbon Capture

(GTI Energy)  GTI Energy and U. S. Steel will test innovative solutions for the readiness of carbon capture technology for widescale deployment in industrial applications --  GTI Energy, a leader in carbon management technologies, has been selected for new funding from the

Read Full Article

This Startup Is Removing Carbon from the Air — and Here’s Why JetBlue Is Backing It

by Diana Olick (CNBC) ... Avnos invented what it calls “hybrid direct air capture,” which uses a dehumidification technology to produce approximately five tons of water per ton of CO2 captured. Others consume about that much or more. ... Both water and

Read Full Article

Biden-Harris Administration Announces Awards to Increase Access to Clean, Affordable Domestic Biofuels as Part of President Biden’s Investing in America Agenda

(U.S. Department of Agriculture)  $19 Million in Funding from President Biden’s Inflation Reduction Act Will Provide More Cost-Effective Options for American Consumers --  U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Secretary Tom Vilsack announced today that USDA is awarding $19 million in grants to U.S.

Read Full Article

NEXTCHEM (MAIRE) Awarded by Saras an Engineering Design Study for the First Green Synthetic Fuels Pilot Plant in Italy

(MAIRE) The study is related to the development of a pilot plantfor the production of green syntheticfuels from low carbon hydrogen and CO2 in the Sarroch’s refinery (Sardinia), with the potential for scaling-up to an industrial plant; NextChem will apply its proprietary NX CPO technology to boost

Read Full Article

HIF Global and Enap Sign Agreement to Accelerate Use of eFuels in Chile

(HIF Global and Enap)  First collaboration for carbon-neutral eFuels in the Chilean market eFuels can be used in today’s cars without any changes to engines or infrastructure -- - HIF Global, the world’s leading eFuels company, and Chile’s state-owned petroleum company Enap signed

Read Full Article

Oil vs. Ethanol: Battle Lines Blur as Renewables Take Hold

by Marc Heller (Politico Pro Greenwire) An ongoing boom in renewable diesel has pushed big petroleum refiners to expand into biofuels, with implications for the renewable fuel standard. -- For years, petroleum and biofuel companies mixed about as well as oil and

Read Full Article

DHL Express and Mytheresa Join Forces to Reduce CO2e Emissions by Using Sustainable Aviation Fuel

(DHL Express)  The collaboration enables CO2e emissions to be reduced through the use of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) instead of conventional jet fuel. -- Largest investment by a DHL customer to date in Europe in the GoGreen Plus service with long-term partnership

Read Full Article

Airlines Balk at California's Biofuel Plan; Soybean Sector Weighs Possible Requirements Public Comment DEADLINE February 20, 2024

by Steve Davies (Agri-Pulse) The California Air Resources Board’s proposal to eliminate jet fuel’s existing exemption from regulation under the Low Carbon Fuel Standard is being criticized, for very different reasons, by both the airline industry and SAF proponents.  READ MORE Related

Read Full Article

FlyORO Secures USD 1.6 Million in Pre-Series A Round with Impact-Oriented Venture Capital Firms

(FlyORO) Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) startup FlyORO successfully closed a Pre-Series A round, securing USD 1.6 million. The round is led by Audacy Ventures, a venture capital firm dedicated to catalyzing and scaling technology solutions driving the energy transition. The round

Read Full Article

Indonesia's PalmCo delays IPO, Plans Biodiesel Plant Investment

by Bernadette Christina (Reuters) Indonesia has delayed plans for an initial public offering (IPO) of palm oil producer PalmCo, an official from its parent, state agricultural group Perkebunan Nusantara (PTPN) III, said on Wednesday. ... Meanwhile, PalmCo aims to start construction this year

Read Full Article

Kentucky Companies Can Get Tax Credits for Renewable Chemical Production --- DEADLINE January 15, 2024

(The Lane Report) Capital investment, job creation, chemical production eligible -- Kentucky companies can once again apply for the state’s Renewable Chemical Production Program. The program incentivizes the production of more than 30 specified chemicals derived from biomass feedstocks by giving eligible

Read Full Article

Croatia's INA to Build 40 Mln Euro Biogas Plant

by Annie Tsoneva (See News)  Croatian oil and gas company INA [ZSE:INA] said on Monday it plans to invest some 40 million euro ($46 million) in a biogas/biomethane plant using agricultural waste as it seeks to transform the Sisak industrial zone

Read Full Article

EPA Recommends Approval for Brownfield Biofuels Project Public Comment DEADLINE January 23, 2024

(Government of Western Australia Environmental Protection Authority)   An Environmental Protection Authority (EPA) report on a proposal to repurpose an old oil refinery for biofuel production flags the selection of a brownfield site as good environmental practice. The independent EPA has recommended

Read Full Article

Eni Rovuma Basin Starts Producing Vegetable Oil for Biorefining in Mozambique

(Eni)    Eni Rovuma Basin (ERB) announces the beginning of production of vegetable oil which will be used as feedstock in Eni’s biorefineries. This initiative is part of Eni’s strategy to contribute to the decarbonization of transportation, and it will include

Read Full Article

Sumitomo Eyes Biodiesel Mass Production in Japan for Decarbonization

by Keigo Yoshida (Nikkei Asia)  Trading house to test wood and sugarcane as more vehicle-friendly feedstocks  --  Trading house Sumitomo Corp. is looking to mass-produce biodiesel in Japan using wood and sugarcane waste, in a bid to give the hard-to-make renewable fuel

Read Full Article

Waga Energy Partners with Decatur Hills Landfill to Produce Renewable Natural Gas in Greensburg, Indiana

(Waga Energy/Market Screener) Waga Energy (EPA: WAGA), a global expert in the production of Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) from landfills, signed a commercial agreement with Decatur Hills Landfill, one of the landfills associated with Best Way Disposal, a family-owned waste management

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Fidelis New Energy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Fidelis New Energy is an energy transition company driving decarbonization through infrastructure development and investments in renewable fuels, low or negative carbon intensity products, and carbon capture and storage through a growing portfolio of proprietary and

Read Full Article

The Fab Finns, the Top 20 Bioproducts from the Bioeconomy’s Forest

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) We’ve long been fans of the Finns, their smart forest management practices, their innovative products and the complete lack of hype and bluster coming out of Helsinki. It’s the Quiet Country, but really they are the

Read Full Article

Gasum Signs e-Methane Offtake Agreement with Nordic Ren-Gas

(Bioenergy Insight)  Gasum and Nordic Ren-Gas have signed an e-methane offtake agreement, the companies announced today (9 January). Nordic Ren-Gas’s Power-to-Gas plant in Tampere, Finland will produce 160 GWh of renewable e-methane annually, which Gasum will procure and distribute it to its

Read Full Article

Just 10 Sites Worldwide Have Methanol Bunkering Facilities

by Sam Chambers (Splash 247)  ... New research issued this week from Clarksons Research shows there are just 10 sites worldwide offering methanol bunkering, with another 11 under development. By contrast, for LNG, the other leading alternative fuel today, there

Read Full Article

Whisky Me Away! Scientists Have Discovered a Way to Turn Wastewater from the Whisky Industry into Eco-friendly FUEL

by William Hunter (Daily Mail) Whisky distilleries produce a billion litres of wastewater every single year; Scientists hope to use this to replace the fresh water needed to create hydrogen -- ... Researchers from Heriot-Watt University have discovered a technique to convert

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to the Corn Challenge IV winners

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Founded in 1957, the National Corn Growers Association represents more than 40,000 dues-paying corn farmers nationwide and the interests of more than 300,000 growers. The goal of the NCGA’s Corn Challenge IV is to turn surplus

Read Full Article

Gates to Success: Stage Grate Engineering for Bioenergy Projects

by Dean Weber (Lee Enterprise Consulting/Biofuels Digest) ... (F)or bioenergy projects a good planning and execution strategy is essential. When such projects fail it is typically for one or more of the following reasons: Stakeholders (owners, clients, engineering, and construction firms)

Read Full Article

Report Highlights Biotech’s Contributions to UN Sustainable Development Goals

(Biotechnology Innovation Organization)   Biotech has an essential role in achieving sustainable development, says a new report, Biotechnology: Driving Solutions for Sustainable Development. The report was published on Dec. 21 by the Biotechnology Innovation Organization (BIO) in collaboration with the International Council of

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to Green Hydrogen and H2 Energy Group

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) H2 Energy Group’s first major project in collaboration with Redding Rancheria is building a Green Hydrogen Corridor along I-5, aiming for a production cost of $1.50 using biomass as a source. H2EG CEO Jim McGinley presented

Read Full Article

The Alfa Initiative Opens a Call for Advice for Biogas Projects in the Livestock Sector DEADLINE February 16, 2024

(Interempresas Energies) Alfa , an initiative funded by the European Union that aims to establish and accelerate biogas solutions in the livestock sector, has announced an open and free call to provide comprehensive support to projects that want to implement biogas technologies

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to SAF, the ICF Perspective

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Mike McCurdy, Managing Director of Fuels & Power at ICF presented these slides at ABLC Next on how sustainable aviation fuels are taking off in the near term with the latest projected figures for the 2020s,

Read Full Article

Thai Authorities Craft National Oil Proposal to Boost Sustainable Aviation Fuel

by Alex Morgan (Thaiger) In a bid to bolster the aviation industry’s effort to curtail carbon dioxide emissions, Thai energy authorities are in the process of crafting a novel national oil proposal. The blueprint will cater to the evolution of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF), a biofuel

Read Full Article

Aviation Industry Must Pay for Sustainable Aviation Fuel Production Say Charities and NGOs

(Transport & Environment)  The groups sent a letter to the Transport Minister demanding that the aviation industry funds the mechanism that will support sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) production. -- A group of charities and green NGOs, led by Transport & Environment and

Read Full Article

Renewable Diesel Plans Unrealistic: Analyst

by Sean Pratt (Western Producer Magazine) ... The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency issued a final rule in June 2023 establishing a mandate for four to 4.5 billion gallons of renewable diesel and biodiesel by 2025. In the meantime, the U.S. biofuel

Read Full Article

More Roadblocks Pile Up on the Road to Electromobility

by Philppe Marchand (Transport Energy Strategies) ...  Directionally, as transport is responsible for one quarter of CO2 emissions, mobility has to get away from fossil fuels. Transport energy has to be de-fossilized, in order to play its due part in the

Read Full Article

How Hydrogen Could Fuel a Net-Zero Future

by Tammy Klein (Transport Energy Strategies) ... Hydrogen has a 300% higher energy content than gasoline, is harnessed by our sun to create life-giving heat and light, and when used in fuel cells, the only ‘waste’ it produces is water. So it’s no surprise

Read Full Article

Webinar: Fueling the Future with New Biofuels | Forward-thinking Farming

by Erica Quinlan (AgriNews) Experts discuss renewable diesel, sustainable aviation fuel --  A new generation of biofuels is on the way, according to experts at Corteva Agriscience. The biofuel industry is shifting to renewable diesel and sustainable aviation fuel, said Chad Edwards, project

Read Full Article

The Path to Higher Blends—Artificial Barriers Limiting Us to 10 percent

by Doug Durante (Clean Fuels Development Coalition/South Dakota Farmers Union)  ... While almost all gasoline now contains 10 percent ethanol, we are easily producing enough that the base gasoline in the United States could absorb at least 12-15 percent. And, if

Read Full Article

AMAGGI Will Have Its First 100% Biodiesel B100 Farm

(AMAGGI) AMAGGI will take yet another important and innovative step towards the decarbonization of its operations. As of March 2024, the company will have its first farm where biodiesel (B100) will be the sole fuel used in machinery for operations. B100

Read Full Article

Biofuel Industrial Park Coming to Nevada

by Jessica Hill (Las Vegas Review-Journal)  Gov. Joe Lombardo signed a declaration of understanding with Denmark to explore opportunities to work together on renewable energy projects, including a 200-acre biofuel project in Lincoln County. The declaration of understanding that the governor signed

Read Full Article

Opinion: Canada’s Greatest Climate Challenge and Responsibility Is Our Forests

by Jamie Stephen (Canadian Biomass Magazine/TorchLight Bioresources)  ... Research on the world’s boreal forests shows two diametrically opposed approaches and outcomes. On one side is Canada, Alaska, and Russia, which see massive carbon losses from wildfires. On the other are the Nordic

Read Full Article

Fibre Fuel: Canadian Company Looks to Create Hydrogen from Marginalized Wood

by Maria Church (Canadian Biomass Magazine) Hydrogen Naturally's Brian Fehr and Ian MacGregor explain how they plan to turn forestry residuals into carbon-negative hydrogen fuel. -- Two Canadian business magnates – one from the world of forestry and another the energy sector

Read Full Article

CAC Eyes Funding for Cashew Shell Biofuel Production

by  Van Socheata (The Phnom Penh Post)  Six Chinese companies have expressed interest in establishing cashew processing plants in Cambodia, with one specialising in producing Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL), according to the Cashew Nut Association of Cambodia (CAC). CNSL is a by-product

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Comstock Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Comstock Fuels highlights that its “ breakthrough cellulosic technology enables fuel producers to lead in fuel production efficiency and output while contributing to net zero mobility. Our proprietary cellulosic fuel technology converts woody biomass into C6

Read Full Article

Kraftstock, Feedstock, Comstock: The Unleashing of Kraft Lignin as an Abundant, Affordable Feedstock for Drop-in Renewable Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ... First, Comstock has made an investment in RenFuel technology, the focus is to assure that RenFuel has the resources to complete some additional R&D that will broaden the applications of the technology they have already brought to

Read Full Article

Bioenergy Ibérica Develops a Biogas Plant from Cheese Production Waste

(Residuos Profesional (Google Translation)) The new facilities of the Galician Queizuar cheese factory will generate 3,000,000 kWh of clean energy per year from its own byproducts, such as lactose and sewage sludge. -- Bioenergy Ibérica, a company specialized in the construction of

Read Full Article

Spotlight BDI-Bioenergy International GmbH: Talking Feedstock

(Biodiesel Magazine) ...  The U.S., Europe, Asia and South America all differ, points out Hermann Stockinger, director of customer relations at Austria-based BDI-BioEnergy International. BDI is a global leader in biodiesel plant construction, having completed more than 70 projects around the

Read Full Article

Full Circle UCO

by Anna Simet (Biodiesel Magazine) With a single truck in 1953, James Mahoney started up Mahoney Grease Service as a fats and oils recycler, using 13-gallon drums to service customers. Upward of seven decades later, the company has grown to service

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Aemetis

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) In this presentation, Aemetis CEO Eric McAfee took the ABLC 2023 stage in Washington DC to outline the company’s milestones ahead, progress to date, technology, financial estimates, policy asks, its portfolio of Carbon Zero One projects,

Read Full Article

Focus Impact BH3 Acquisition Announces LOI With XCF Global Capital

(Focus Impact BH3 Acquisition Corp./Business Wire)  Focus Impact BH3 Acquisition Corp. (“Focus Impact BH3”), a special purpose acquisition company (“SPAC”) formed by Focus Impact Acquisition Corp. (NASDAQ: BHAC), today (December 29, 2023) announced that it has entered into a letter of

Read Full Article

Copenhagen Infrastructure Partners Signs MoU with Mexican Authorities for Helax Istmo, a Green Hydrogen Project

(Copenhagen Infrastructure Partners/Globe Newswire)  Copenhagen Infrastructure Partners (CIP), through its Growth Markets Funds II and Energy Transition Fund I, will develop Helax Istmo, a green hydrogen and green maritime fuels project in the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, in Oaxaca, Mexico. Helax Istmo (“Helax”),

Read Full Article

Waste to Energy Plant Approved for Anakie

(KRock) The environmental watchdog has approved an application for a Waste to Energy plant in Anakie. Pavilion Biogas Pty Ltd wants to build the facility on Carrs Road to create organic fertiliser and biogas fuel. The facility will be based between two broiler

Read Full Article

Comstock Executes First Biorefinery Commercial Agreement

(Comstock) Preliminary Engineering Complete for 100,000 TPY Biointermediate Production at Pulp and Paper Facility  --   Comstock Inc. (NYSE: LODE) (“Comstock” and the “Company”) today announced execution of agreements with RenFuel K2B AB (“RenFuel”) to advance Comstock’s first commercial biorefinery, including an option

Read Full Article

Maersk signs MoU with City of Yokohama and Mitsubishi Gas Chemical on Development of Green Methanol Bunkering Infrastructure in Yokohama

(Maersk) A.P. Moller-Maersk (Maersk) announced today that the company has signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the City of Yokohama and Mitsubishi Gas Chemical (MGC). This collaborative agreement will focus on the development of green methanol bunkering infrastructure in Yokohama

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Agra Energy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) AGRA ENERGY is on a mission to introduce cutting-edge technology into the renewable energy industry to transform methane gas waste into clean renewable fuels. Its technology is described as “a major advancement in the proven gas-to-liquids

Read Full Article

Biogas Plant - Turnkey Contract - Technology and Construction Work - Rå Biopark

(Doffin (Google Translation)) Rå Biopark will build a biogas plant in Storfjord municipality, in Skibotn, approx. two hours drive from Tromsø city. The supplier who receives this turnkey contract has complete and overall responsibility for delivering a complete and well-functioning biogas plant according

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to UPM

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) The BioFore company, the Finnish Forest Giant, the hydrocarbons from the woods folk, by any name this forest products company has made a splash with its hydrocarbons from wood technologies and a successful leap to commercial

Read Full Article

China Aims to Build More than Half the World's Cleaner-Fuel Ships by 2025

by by Chen Aizhu and Mei Mei Chu (Reuters)  China has set itself the goal of producing more than half of the world's ships powered by cleaner fuels by 2025, in guidelines published by the industry ministry on Thursday. It did not give

Read Full Article

Euronav to Buy CMB.TECH for $1.15 Billion

(Euronav/Marine Link)  Belgian tanker operator Euronav and its controlling shareholder CMB have entered into a share purchase agreement for the acquisition of 100% of the shares in cleantech maritime group CMB.TECH for $1.15 billion in cash. Euronav said the transaction is part

Read Full Article

Oil India Ltd Invites Bids for 1 MW Green Hydrogen Plant

by Uma Gupta (PV Magazine)  Oil India Ltd has invited domestic bids to establish a 1 MW plant in Himachal Pradesh to produce high-purity (99.999%) green hydrogen for commercial use. -- ... The scope of work includes the supply and installation

Read Full Article

Plug Switches on Amazon's First On-Site Electrolyser in Colorado

(Renewables Now) US hydrogen technology company Plug Power Inc (NASDAQ:PLUG) has switched on the first on-site electrolyser system owned by Amazon.com Inc (NASDAQ:AMZN), a 1-MW machine located at the US e-commerce giant's fulfilment centre in Aurora, Colorado. The proton exchange membrane (PEM)

Read Full Article

Ecoil Secures INR 3 Cr in Funding Round Led by The Chennai Angels

(Ecoil/Business Wire India)  Jaipur, Rajasthan, India:  Ecoil, a pioneering eco-friendly gasoline production startup, has secured INR 3 Crores in a funding round led by The Chennai Angels, with participation from AIC Banasthali Vidyapith Foundation, Shell India, and other high-net-worth individuals.   Founded by Sushil

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to World Energy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  World Energy is a low-carbon solutions provider focused on helping the world’s leading companies make their net-zero commitments real. Our solutions Include sustainable aviation fuel, renewable diesel, and renewable naphtha, with plans to create renewable propane

Read Full Article

Mangalore Refinery Follows Suit, Firms Up Plans for Sustainable Aviation Fuel Production after Indian Oil

by Amit Mishra (Swarajya Magazine)  Mangalore Refinery and Petrochemicals Limited (MRPL), a subsidiary of ONGC, has set the ball rolling for the production of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) in two years to support the government’s one per cent blending target. The MRPL management is in the

Read Full Article

Manitoba Government Signs Contribution Agreement to Support Development of Renewable Fuel Production Facility in Portage la Prairie

(Manitoba Government)  Today (December 19, 2023), the Manitoba government signed a contribution agreement through the Sustainable Canadian Agricultural Partnership (Sustainable CAP) to provide $2.9 million over two years for Azure Sustainable Fuels Corp.’s Front End Engineering Design (FEED) study for sustainable

Read Full Article

Azure Announces Plans to Develop an SAF Production Facility in Kansas

(Azure)  Access to advantaged supply of feedstock and carbon sequestration. Completion of Front-End Engineering and Design (FEED) and related permitting requirements targeted for end of 2024.  Azure 2023 Inc. ("Azure" or the "Company"), a leading developer in the sustainable aviation fuel ("SAF") industry,

Read Full Article

Paraná’s Governor Signs into Law Changes to the ICMS Tax to Support Biogas and Biomethane

by Meghan Sapp (Biofuels Digest) In Brazil, Canal Energia reports that two decrees signed by governor Carlos Massa Ratinho Junior on Monday should further stimulate the energy transition agenda in Paraná. Both change ICMS application and collection rules, with a focus on

Read Full Article

Mitsubishi Corporation and Amogy with SK Innovation Join Forces to Unlock the Potential of Amogy's Ammonia Cracking Technology in Japan and South Korea

(Amogy) Mitsubishi Corporation and Amogy are excited to announce a strategic partnership that will focus on accelerating the adoption of Amogy's ammonia-to-power and ammonia cracking technology in large-scale hydrogen carrier applications in East Asia, particularly Japan and South Korea.  The joint study set to commence in December

Read Full Article

Dutch Government Takes Part in PosHYdon Offshore Hydrogen Project

by Ajsa Habibic (Offshore Energy) The Dutch government, through Energie Beheer Nederland (EBN), has joined the PosHYdon project, the world’s first pilot which aims to produce green hydrogen on an operational gas platform in the North Sea. The project, which will integrate

Read Full Article

Saudi Arabia’s ACWA Power Signs $4B Green Hydrogen Deal in Egypt

by Jack Dutton  (Al-Monitor)  The second phase of the project could produce 2 million metric tons per year, the statement said, without providing details on the timeline. -- Saudi Arabia’s ACWA Power has signed an agreement to develop a $4 billion green hydrogen project

Read Full Article

AHFL Chooses UK for World’s First Commercial-Scale Plastic-to-Fuel Plant

by Daniela Castim (World Bio Market Insights) Advanced Hydrocarbon Fuels Limited (AHFL) is set to establish the first commercial-scale plant in the UK to showcase its ground-breaking process for converting waste plastic into fuel. Unlike traditional pyrolysis methods that require a

Read Full Article

ArcelorMittal Commissions a First for the European Steel Industry, Converting Waste Wood into Bio-Coal to Reduce Fossil Coal Consumption

(ArcelorMittal) €35 million plant in Gent, Belgium, first of its kind in the European steel industry ... The use of bio-coal in the blast furnace process will result in the production of bio-gas, which will be captured and transformed into ethanol by

Read Full Article

Historic Deal for Preem: Exporting Self-Produced Renewable HVO to the Netherlands

(Preem/PR Newswire) Sweden's largest fuel company, Preem, began its transition to renewable production ten years ago. Now, a historic deal has been finalized. A fully renewable HVO, produced at the Gothenburg refinery, has been exported for the first time in the company's history, an important

Read Full Article

West Biofuels Secures $4 Million to Develop Bioenergy Facilities

(West Biofuels/EIN Presswire) CAL FIRE Grants will Increase Forest Sustainability, Promote Innovation, and Bolster Rural Economies  --  Today (December 20, 2023), West Biofuels, LLC (“West Biofuels”) announced $4 million from the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection’s (CAL FIRE) Business and Workforce

Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to Terviva

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Terviva is a food and ag innovation company partnering with farmers to grow pongamia, a climate-resilient tree which produces abundant, protein- and oil-rich legumes. Pongamia is uniquely suited to meet today’s environmental challenges. Chief Business Officer

Read Full Article

MRPL Firms up Green Aviation Fuel Plans

by Aneesh Phadnis (Business Line) While Indian Oil Corporation (IOC) plans to start the country’s first commercial-scale SAF plant at Panipat by 2026, MRPL is setting up 20-kilolitre-per-day plant to demonstrate indigenously-developed technology -- Mangalore Refinery and Petrochemicals Ltd (MRPL) is gearing up to produce sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) in two years to support the government’s one per cent blending

Read Full Article

Wartsila to Extend Existing Biogas Plant to Produce 45 Tons of BioLNG Per Day

(Wärtsilä/Biomass Magazine) Technology group Wärtsilä will supply, install, commission and start-up the biogas upgrading and liquefaction units for a Swedish bioLNG plant. The new plant is an extension of an existing biomethane and bioLNG plant supplied earlier by Wärtsilä, and will bring

Read Full Article

Ontario Names Funding Recipients of Forest Biomass Program

(Government of Ontario, Canada) The Ontario government is investing more than $1.5 million in 15 research, innovation and modernization initiatives that will develop the untapped economic potential and environmental benefit of new and emerging uses of underutilized wood and mill by-products,

Read Full Article

Co Derry Jobs Boost Announced by Biofuel Firm Working with NASA

by Shauna Corr (Belfast Live)  They plan to make sustainable fuel from landfill waste at a new Northern Ireland plant -- A biofuel company working with NASA has announced plans to open a £9 million Co Derry plant on a landfill site creating

Read Full Article
More than 50,000 articles in our online library!

Use the categories and tags listed below to access the nearly 50,000 articles indexed on this website.

Our Sponsors
FREE Subscription! Advanced Biofuels USA events calendar; policy and actions; education newsletters
Donate
ARCHIVES
CATEGORIES
tags
Advanced Clean Fleets Rule 100 octane 100% SAF (Sustainable Aviation Fuel) 103 octane 105 octane 108 octane 109 octane 110 octane 113 octane 119 octane 2016 US House and Senate Campaigns 2016 US Presidential Campaign 2018 US Senate and House Campaigns Other Election Activities 2020 Election 2022 Election 2022 US Senate and House Campaign 2024 Election 2nd generation biofuels 3-D 3D printing 3rd generation biofuels 4-H 40A Biodiesel and Renewable Diesel Tax Incentive 40B Sustainable Aviation Fuel Tax Credit 45Q Carbon Oxide Sequestration Tax Credit 45V Hydrogen Production Tax Credit 45X Advanced Manufacturing Production Tax Credit 45Z Clean Fuel Production Tax Credit 48C Advanced Energy Project Tax Credit 4th generation fuels 7% solution 81 Octane 84 octane 85 octane 87 octane 88 octane 89 octane 90 octane 91 octane 92 octane 93 octane 94 octane 95 octane 96 octane 98 octane A20 (20% methanol/bioethanol) abatement abu Abu Dhabi acacia acetate acetic acid acetone acid acid hydrolysis adaptive evolution additional carbon additionality adequate/inadequate domestic supply Administrative Procedure Act adsorption Advanced Biofuel Payment Program advanced biofuel prices Advanced biofuels advanced biofuels production Advanced Clean Cars II Rule (ACC and ACCII) Advanced Clean Trucks Rule advanced ethanol advanced ethanol tax credit advertising campaign aerobic digestion aerosols Affordable Clean Energy Program (ACE) afforestation Afghanistan Africa AGARDA (Agriculture Advanced Research and Development Authority) agave aggregation Agricultural Conservation Easement Program (ACEP) agricultural economics Agricultural Policy Agricultural waste/residue Agriculture agrivoltaic/agrovoltaic agroforestry agrofuels agronomy Air Force air pollution control Air Pollution Policy air quality Aircraft engine emissions airports Alabama Alaska Albania albedo Alberta albizia alcohol fuel cells alcohol fuels alcohol-to-diesel alcohol-to-jet (ATJ)/ethanol-to-jet (ETJ) alfalfa algae algae contamination algae cultivation algae extraction algae harvesting algae parity algae separation algal biofuels Algeria Algiers alkaline exchange membrane (AEM) alkanes alkenes alkylate alligator fat almond almond hulls shells alternative energy vehicles alternative fuels Alternative Fuels Credit alternative fuels excise tax credit Alternative Fuels Tax Credit (AFTC) aluminum Amazon American Le Mans Series (ALMS) ammonia ammonia fiber explosion (AFEX) ammonia fuel cell ammonia price ammonia terminal amylose anaerobic digestate anaerobic digester/digestion and Energy Use in Transportation Model Angola anhydrous ethanol animal bedding animal fat animal feed animal waste Antactica Antarctica antibiotics antitrust apple Appropriations APR (Aqueous Phase Reforming) aquaculture aquatic organisms Arabidopsis arabinose ARCA Archaea Architecture Arctic Argentian Argentiina Argentina Arizona Arkansas Armenia Army Corps of Engineers aromatics aromatics price ARPA-C ARPA-E ARPA-Terra arrandi artificial intelligence Aruba Asia Asia Pacific asphalt/bitumen ASTM ASTM 6866 ASTM D1655 ASTM D2880 ASTM D396 ASTM D4054 ASTM D4806 Denatured fuel ethanol ASTM D4814 ASTM D5798 ASTM D6751 ASTM D7467 (B6-B20) ASTM D7544 ASTM D7566 (Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuel Containing Synthesized Hydrocarbons) ASTM D7862 ASTM D7875 ASTM D7901 (DME-Dimethyl Ether for Fuel Purposes) ASTM D8076 ASTM D8181 ASTM D975 ASTM E3050 Denatured Ethanol for Cooking ASTM E3146 ASTM standards ASTM WK55232 (D02) ASTM WK63392 ATJ-SPK (Alcohol to Jet Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene) Atlantic Canada atmosphere Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) Australia Australian pine Austria Auto manufacturer automotive aviation aviation fuel (SAF) benefits aviation fuel (SAF) mandates aviation fuel (SAF) price aviation fuel (SAF) production aviation fuel (SAF) pumps/delivery aviation fuel (SAF) tax credit aviation fuel (SAF) terminal Aviation Fuel/Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) Aviation Gasoline/AvGas avocado award awards/recognition Azerbaijan. b B0 B10 B100 B100 pumps B11 B12 B12.5 B13 B14 B15 B16 B17 B19 B2 B20 B24 B25 B3 B30 B30RD10 B33 B35 B4 B40 B49 B5 B50 B50RD50 B6 B60 B7 B70 B75 B8 B80 B98 B99 Babados nut tree babassu bacteria bagasse Bahamas Bahrain bamboo banana banana stems Bangladesh bankruptcy Barbados barge barley barley fiber barley protein barley straw Basque batteries Battery Electric Vehicles (BEV) bauxite beauty leaf tree beaver beer bees Belarus Belgium Belize Benin benzene Bermuda Bhutan big bluestem big data Big Food Big Oil/Oil Majors BIGoil billion ton study bio Bio LPG (Bio Liquid Petroleum Gas) bio-based diesel benefits bio-based economy Bio-CNG pumps Bio-CNG/RNG terminal bio-LNG (Liquified Natural Gas) Bio-LNG Pumps (Liquified Natural Gas) Bio-LNG terminal bio-natural gas bio-NGV (natural gas for vehicles) bio-oil/pyrolysis oil bio-SPK (bio derived synthetic paraffinic kerosene) biobased Biobased Market Access and Development Grants Biobased Markets Program biobased materials Biobased Product Manufacturing Assistance Program biochar biochemical conversion BioChemicals/Renewable Chemicals biociiesel bioconversion Biocrude/Green Crude/SynCrude biodegradable biodiesel biodiesel blend wall biodiesel EN 14214 Biodiesel Fuel Education Program biodiesel pipeline biodiesel prices biodiesel production biodiesel pumps biodiesel quality biodiesel standards biodiesel tax credit biodiesel technologies biodiesel terminal biodiversity bioeconomy bioelectricity bioelectrochemical conversion bioenergy Bioenergy Program for Advanced Biofuels Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS) biofoundry Biofuel biofuel cells biofuel consumption Biofuel Crops biofuel distribution Biofuel Infrastructure Partnership (BIP) biofuel producer tax credit biofuel production biofuel tax credit Biofuels Directive biofuels education Biogas Biogas pipeline Biogasoline/Renewable Gasoline Biogasoline/Renewable Gasoline pumps biogenic carbon biogenic emissions Bioheat biohydrocarbons biohydrogen BioIsoprene BioMADE biomanufacturing biomass Biomass Carbon Removal and Storage (BiCRS) Biomass Crop Assistance Program (BCAP) biomass hydrolysis biomass recalcitrance Biomass Research and Development initiative (BRDI) biomass sorghum Biomass to Liquid (BTL) biomass transportation biomaterials bioplastics biopower Biopreferred bioproducts biopropene bioprospecting BioRefineries/Renewable Fuel Production Biorefinery Assistance Program (BAP) old 9003 Biorefinery Renewable Chemical Biobased Product Mfgr Assistance 9003 Program BioRenewable-1 (BR-1) BioSNG Biotechnology birch bitter orange black carbon black grease black liquor black locust black soldier fly Blend wall blender blender pumps Blenders Credit blending blendstock blockchain blue carbon boat fuel boiler/furnace fuel Bolivia bolt-on Bonaire bonds book-and-claim border tax Borneo Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana BQ-9000 Brachiaria bracken brackish water brash Brassica Brazil breweries brine British Columbia broker brown grease brownfields Brunei Btu's BTX (Benzene Toluene Xylene) Bu12.5 Bu16 Budget building block chemicals Bulgaria bunker bunker oil Bureau of Land Management (BLM) Burkina Faso Burma Burundi buses Business and Industry Program (B&I) business law business resources Business/General Aviation butadiene butandeiol (bio-BDO) Butane butanediol butanol emissions butanol/biobutanol butyl acetate butylene butyric acid by c C1 C2 C21 C3 sugar C5 sugar C6 sugar Cabo Verde cactus cactus pear cagaita calibration California California Air Resources Board (CARB) Calophyllum hawthorn Cambodia Camelina camels Cameroon Canad Canada Canary Islands canary reed grass canarygrass candle nut cannabis canola straw Canola/Rapeseed cap-and-invest cap-and-trade capybara capybras carbohydrates carbon carbon capture and storage (CCS) carbon capture and utilization (CCU) carbon cost carbon credit carbon credit markets carbon cycle carbon debt Carbon Dioxide (CO2) carbon efficiency carbon emissions carbon fiber carbon insets Carbon Intensity (CI)/Carbon Footprint carbon life cycle carbon markets Carbon Monoxide (CO) carbon negative carbon neutrality carbon offsets carbon pipeline carbon price carbon recycling carbon removal carbon sink carbon standard carbon tax Carbon tax border adjustments carbon tax-and-dividend carbon terminal carbon user fee Carbon Utilization and Biogas Education Program carbon-14 testing carbon-efficient fuels carbon/CO2 sequestration carcinogens cardoon Caribbean carinata carinata/brassica carinata carob CAS Registry cashew cashew apple Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) CASI Cassava cassava price cassava pulp cassava stalk castor bean castor stalk catalysis catalysts catalytic decarboxylation catalytic hydrothermal conversion catalytic hydrothermal conversion-to-jet (CHCJ) catalytic hydrothermal gasification catalytic hydrothermolysis jet CHJ pathway cattails cattle cavitation CBD (cannabidiol) CBG (compressed biogas) cell culturing cellulase enzymes cellulose cellulosic biofuel Cellulosic biomass cellulosic diesel Cellulosic ethanol cellulosic ethanol price cellulosic feedstock cellulosic production tax credit cellulosic sugars Cellulosic Tax Credit cellulosic waiver credit cement Central African Republic Central America Certificate Program Certificates of Origin (COs) certification certification fuels cesium cetane Chad change in soil condition charging stations CHCJ-5 chemical-looping hydrogen method Chesapeake Bay chicken feathers chickens Chile Chili China chitin chp chromium chufa/cyperus esculents/nutsedge CIA circular economy citrus citrus greening disease Citrus Peel clean air Clean Air Act (CAA) clean diesel Clean Fuel Standard/Policy (CFS) Clean Heat Standards Clean Power Plan (CPP) Clean Trucks Plan Clean Water Act climate change Climate Change Adaptation climate change effects climate change mitigation climate legislation climate smart/conservation agriculture closed-loop system Clostridium thermocellum cloud point clover cmelina CNG Conversion kit co co-generation co-location Co-op Extension co-operative co-processing co-products CO2 Electrolysis CO2 neutral fuels CO2Removal Certificates (CORCs) coal Coal and Biomass to Liquid (CBTL) Coast Guard coastal habitat conservation coastal hay cobalt cock's foot coco coco methyl ester (CME) cocoa Coconut coffee coffee cherries coffee grounds coffee pulp cold flow cold-tolerance college/university Colombia Colorado combined heat and power (CHP) Comment Request commercial flights commercialization commissioning commo Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) commodity trading common reed Community activity community college Community involvement/engagement community scale Community Wood Energy Program competition compliance compliance credits compost Compressed Natural Gas (CNG/R-CNG/bioCNG) compression ratios compression-ignition engine computer simulation concrete condensate Congo Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Connecticut Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP) construction and demolition waste/debris consumer education contamination contest contrails conversion technology Cook Islands cook stoves cooking fuel cooperatives COP21 COP22 COP23 COP24 COP25 COP26 COP27 COP28 COP29 COP30 copper coppice cordgrass corn bran Corn cobs corn ethanol corn fiber corn growers corn harvest corn kernel corn meal corn oil corn oil/distillers corn oil (DCO) corn prices corn stalks corn stover corn supply corn surplus corn syrup corn-based products corn/maize Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards corporate social responsibility corrosion corruption CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) cosmetics Costa Rica cotton cotton seed hulls cotton seed oil cotton stalk cottonwood Council on Environmental Quality county cover crops cow rumen cracking Crambe crassulacean acid metabolism plants (CAM) crimes criteria pollutants Croatia crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude oil Cuba cup plant cuphea currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cusi cutworm caterpillars cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) cylindro Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs d-5 D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D20 (20%DME) D5 (5%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA date kernel oil date palm date palm pits date palm waste Dates DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act deficit definitions deforestation defossilization Dehydration Delaware DeltaWing demonstration demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify density Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security Department of Justice Department of Labor Department of the Interior Department of Transportation (DOT) depolymerization depots dextrose dfdsffsfdfsf diatoms diesel Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) diesel fuel blendstock diesel prices Diesel R5 diesel with renewables diesel-range hydrocarbons diesel-to-biodiesel conversion diethyl ether digital Digital Biology diisobutylene (DIB) dilute acid hydrolysis pretreatment DIN 51605 DIN EN 15376 (Ethanol blending component) direct air capture direct injection direct ocean capture Direct Sugar to Hydrocarbon Conversion (DSHC) direct-to-fuel directed evolution dispense distillates distillation distilled biodiesel distilled palm methyl ester (DPME) distilleries distributed/centralized distribution distribution capacity distribution waiver diversification divestment DME/rDME (dimethyl ether)/renewable DME DMF (2.5-dimethylfuran) Dominican Republic double cropping drawdown Drones/Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) drop-in biofuels/hydrocarbons drought drought tolerant drought-resistant dry ice dual cropping Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E100 E100 conversion kit E11 E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E2 E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E3 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E70 diesel E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency egg shell Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric Vehicle (EV) Prices electric grid electricity electricity price electricity/power generation electricity/power transmission electrocatalysis electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels (e-fuels) electrofuels (e-fuels) prices electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) electrons Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants embargo eminent domain emissions emissions standards EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 EN 228 EN 590 EN228 (standard pump gasoline) end user end-of-life Endangered Species Act (ESA) Energy Bill energy cane energy consumption energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy prices energy reserves Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine Development engine problems Engine/Fuel Co-optimization engineering England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment environmental impact study (EIS) environmental justice/socially inclusive environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Environmentalists Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic depolymerization enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling Enzyme solicitation enzymes EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) Equatorial Guinea equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) etha ethane ethanol ethanol benefits ethanol blend wall ethanol blended diesel ED ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol emissions ethanol ether diesel fuel ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol to gas ethanol tolerance ethanol-fueled aircraft Ethanol-to-Gasoline (ETG) ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/diesel ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethyl levulinate (EL) ethylbenzene ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order executive order--state Extended Range Electric Vehicle (EREV) externalities extremophiles f F Factor F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farmers farming farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation Feedstocks fermentation ferry fertilizer fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) Fischer-Tropsch/FT fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources Forest Service forestry forklifts Formate formic acid fossil carbon fossil fuel Frace fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud free fatty acids (FFA) Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon gallium Gambia games gas prices gas tax/highway user fee gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gasoline-range hydrocarbons Gemany General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Gerrmany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) Intensity giant cane giant kelp Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect Global South global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grain sorghum/milo grain speculators grains GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery green/black economy Greenland GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Guinea Bissau Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP gypsum h Haiti Halophytes harvest site processing harvesting Hawai'i hay hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ HDO-SAK (hydro deoxygenated synthetic aromatic kerosene) health health benefits health effects heat of combustion heat of vaporization heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) high octane low carbon (HOLC) fuel High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 HVO20 HVO30 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrid ships hybrids hydrocarbon fuels Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydroformylation hydrogen aircraft hydrogen carrier hydrogen combustion engines hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen leaks hydrogen pipeline hydrogen price hydrogen pumps/fueling stations hydrogen tax credit hydrogen terminal Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Price hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogenolysis hydropower Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal gasification hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois Illiois illuppai ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indian beech tree Indian grass Indiana indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial burners industrial ethanol industrial gases industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated biorefineries integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine (ICE) internal combustion engine (ICE)/gasoline engine ban International international balance of payments International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Sustainability and Carbon Certification model(ISCC) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit Invvesting ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron iron oxide IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isobutylene isomerisation isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica jamelão Japan jatobá Jatropha Jersey Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 jet B Jetfuel (Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs Joint Office of Energy and Transportation jojoba Jordan JP-10 JP-4 JP-5/NATO F-44 JP-8/NATO F-34 juniper Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kalanchoe kamani Kans grass Kansas Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati knotweed Knowledge Discovery Framework Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kulpa kusum Kuwait Kygryzstan labels labor policy Labrador lactic acid lactose Lake County lamp oil land ownership land prices land rights land subsidence land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy landfill methane Landfills landscape Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead Leadtree leaf ant Lebanon lecithin legislation Legislation-Federal Legislation-State lemna lend-lease Lesotho lesquerella leucaena levulinic acid Liberia Libya licensing lichens life cycle analysis (LCA) light rail lignin Lignin Ethanol Oil (LEO) Lignocellulosic Biofuel lignocellulosic sugars lime Lipid liquefaction liquid liquid petroleum gas (LPG) liquid transportation fuels liquidation Liquified Biogas (LBG) Liquified Biogas (LBG) pumps liquified biomethane (LBM) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logistics long-term contracts Louis Louisiana low c low carbon emissions low carbon octane standard (LCOS) Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel low sulfur fuel low sulfur marine fuel lubricants lumber mill Luxembourg lysis M100 M15 M3 M50 ma macadamia macauba Macedonia machine learning machinery macororo Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona management changes mandates mangaba manganese mango mangrove Manitoba mannose manure maple maps marginal land marine algae Marine Corps Marine Diesel Oil (MDO) Marine Fuel Oil Marine Gas Oil (MGO) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) price Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel Terminal Marine/maritime renewable fuel terminal/bunkering market forces market share marketing markets/sales Mars Marshall Islands Maryland Masdar Institute mass balance standard Massachusetts Master Limited Partnership (MLP) Mauritania Mauritius Mazda meat mechanics training medical waste MEEC membranes mergers and acquisitions mesquite methanation methane leaks methane/biomethane methanization methanol benefits methanol fuel cells methanol price Methanol-to-Jet (MTJ-SPK) Methanol/Biomethanol/Renewable Methanol methylbutenol Mexico Michelin GreenX Challenge Michigan micro-crop microalgae microbial electrosynthesis microbiology microorganisms/microbes microwave Mid-Atlantic Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military reserves military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels milk permeate millennium fruit millet millettia pinnata milo stover mineralization minerals mining Minn Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold molinia molybdenum MON (Motor Octane Number) Monaco Mongolia mongongo monitoring/measuring reporting verifiction (MRV) Montana Montenegro moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles motors MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES2014 MOVES3 (MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator model) Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed mvr Myanmar n-butanol n-butene nahar Namibia nano nano particles nanocatalysts nanocellulose nanomaterials naphtha/bionaphtha/renewable naphtha naphthene NASCAR National Academies of Science National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) National Energy Council National Environmental Policy Act National Guard National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Laboratory National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Oilheat Research Alliance National Park Service National Research Council National Science Foundation (NSF) national security National Security Council National Transportation Safety Board National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) Native American/American Indian/First Nation Tribes natural gas Natural Gas Act natural gas input natural gas prices natural gas vehicles natural gasoline Navy Nebraska neem negative carbon emissions NEN 7427-1 neodymium Nepal net energy balance Netherlands Nevada New Brunswick new fuel approval New Guinea New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New South Wales New York New Zealand Newfoundland Newfoundland and Labrador next generation biofuels next generation vehicles NHRA drag racing Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrogen starvation nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota North Korea Northeast northern catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory Northwest Territories Norwary Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds nuclear Nunavut nut shells nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition oak oat hulls oat straw oats Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) Office of Science Technology and Policy (OSTP) Offices of Inspector Generals offtake agreements Ohio oil oil embargo oil exploration oil monopoly oil p oil price parity oil prices oil production oil refineries oil replacement oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil speculators oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes oil/gas terminals Oils Oklahoma olefins oligomerization olive cake olive oil olive pits olive pomace olive water olives Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm ammonia production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing on-site hydrogen production one p one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontaio Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) open fuel standard open pond opportunity zones optimized flex fuel vehicles orange peel orchard grass orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) osage orange OSHA Overseas Private Investment Corporation overview overview/survey course owa oxygen oxygenate ozone Pakistan Palau palm palm biomass palm fatty acid distillate palm fiber palm fronds palm kernel palm kernel oil palm kernel shell palm oil Palm Oil Methyl Ester (PME) palm oil mill effluent (POME) palm oil prices palm trunk sap palm waste Paludiculture/peatland cultivation Panama pandas panic grass papaya paper Papua Indonesia Papua New Guinea paraffins Paraguay Paris Agreement parity partial waiver particulates pasture land Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) patents pathways Paulownia paulownia tree payments peach shell peaches peak oil peak oil demand peanuts/groundnuts peas pectin peela kaner pellet pellets Pennsylvania pennycress/stinkweed pentane pentanol pentose pequi perennial grains perennial grasses Performance permitting Peru pest-tolerance pesticide-tolerance pests pet food petition petroleum pharmaceuticals phase separation Philippines phosphorus photobioreactor photoelectrocatalysis photoelectrochemical photolysis photosynthesis phragmites pigeon pea pilot pilot scale pine pine beetle pine needles pine nut pineapple Pineapple leaf pinion Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Admin (PHMSA) pipelines Pistacia chinensis PLA plant cell research plant cell walls plant oil plastic plastic-to-jet platinum Plug-in Flex Fuel Hybrid Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) plume grass Poand podcasts Poland poli Policy politics pollinators pollution pollution control polyethylene polyfuel polymer polymerization polysaccharides pomace pomegranates pongamia pongamia pinnata poplar poppy population control Portable refinery Portugal poster sessions potamogeton potassium potato poultry litter/waste power power-to-x/gas/liquid prairie grasses pre-processing precision farming/agriculture precursors/biointermediates premium gasoline Pretreatment pretreatment equipment price price of water prickly pear Prince Edward Island process flow diagram producer tax credit Production tax credit productivity project insurance propagating Propane/Biopropane/Renewable Propane propane/renewable propane pumps propanol property insurance propylene protectionism protein protests proton exchange membrane (PEM) public comments public health policy Puerto Rico pulp Pulp/Paper Mill pump retrofit kit pumps/fueling station pungam Punnai tree pyrolysis pyrolytic liquefaction Q-RIN QAP Qatar quality assurance Quality Assurance Plans (QAPs) quality improvement quantum dots Quebec Queensland quote of the week r R Factor R100/RD100 R33 R5 R95B5/RD95B5 R99/RD99 rabbits race radiata pine radish leaves Rahal Letterman Lanigan Racing railroad rain tree rainforest ranchers RAND rare earth metal/critical minerals RD10 RD100 RD20 RD3 RD30 RD40 RD50 RD55 RD80 RD80B20 RD99 reclaimed mine lands recycled oil recycled plastics recycling red algae redcedar Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation Refined Bleached Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO) refineries reforestation Reformate regenerative braking regenerative farming Regional Conservation Partnership Program (RCPP) Regulated Emissions regulations Regulations-Federal Regulations-State Regulatory Enhancement Growth Support (REGS) Reid vapor pressure (RVP) remediation remediation rice straw Renewable Chemical renewable chemical producer tax incentive renewable chemical production tax credit renewable diesel pipelines Renewable Diesel Production renewable diesel pumps renewable diesel tax credit renewable diesel terminal Renewable Diesel/Green Diesel price Renewable Diesel/Green Diesel/HVO/Paraffinic Diesel Renewable Energy Renewable Energy Directive (RED/RED II/RED III) Renewable Energy Standard Renewable Energy to Fuels through Utilization of Energy-Dense Liquids (REFUEL) renewable fuel renewable fuel oil (RFO) Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS and RFS2) Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS2) revisions/repeal Renewable Fuels Directive (EU) renewable fuels of non-biological origin (RFNBO) renewable gasoline blendstock renewable marine diesel Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) price Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) pumps Renewable Portfolio Standards Renewable Power Standard Renewable Synthesized Iso-Paraffinic Fuels (SIP) Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation (RTFO) renewable volume obligation (RVO) REnova RenovaBio replacement molecules Repowering Assistance Program Republic of Congo repurpose research and development research facility resiliency resource depletion resurrection grass retail retrofit return on investment Reverse Water-gas Shift RFI (Request for Information) RFS "reset" RHD100 Rhizosphere Observations Optimizing Terrestrial Sequestration (ROOTS) Rhode Island rhododendron Ricardo rice rice bran rice bran oil rice hulls rice husks rice price rice straw/paddy straw RICO (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act) RIMPAC RINs (Renewable Identification Numbers) RINs markets RINs price risk management RJ-4 RJ-6 RME (rape methyl ester) RME180 RNA (Ribonucleic acid) RNG tax credit roadmap rocket fuel Romania RON (Research Octane Number) rosin rotation crops Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials (RSB) royalties RP-1 RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber rubber seeds rumen ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Rural Renewable Energy Pilot Program rushes Russia Russian olive rutabaga Rwanda ry rye Rye grass rye straw s saccharification SAF pipeline SAF10 SAF30 SAF40 SAFc (Sustainable Aviation Fuel certificates) Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower sago pond weed SAIC sal tree Salicornia salt water salt-tolerant saltbush saltcedar Samoa Sanctions Santa Monica sardine oil Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Advisory Board (SAB) Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) Science Policy scooters Scotland scum sea level rise seaports seashore mallow seawater seaweed cultivation Seaweed/Macroalgae second-generation biofuel income tax credit Section 526 Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) seed husks seed-to-wheel Senegal Serbia sesame sewage Seychelles shale shale gas shale oil shark oil sheep shellfish shipping shipping containers shipworm siam weed Sierra Leone silage silica Silphie/cup plant/Indian cup silver silver maple simarouba Singapore Singpore sisal SK slash Slovakia Slovakia/Slovak Republic Slovenia sludge Small Business Administration Small Business Innovatin Research (SBIR) Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) Program small engines small refinery exemption (SRE) smog smokestack soap soapstock Social social benefit investing social cost social value social venture Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) soi soil soil amendments soil carbon soil health soil microbial biomass solar energy solar energy-to-chemical conversion solar fuel solar thermochemical hydrogen (STCH) solaris Solid Oxide Electrolyzer Cell (SOEC) solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) Solomon Islands Solutions solvent liquefaction Somalia soot sorghum sorghum oil sorghum stover South Africa South America South Australia South Carolina South Dakota South Korea South Pacific South Sudan Southeast Asia Southern Africa Soviet Union SOx (Sulfur oxides) soy meal soybean hulls soybean prices soybeans Spain spartina specifications Spekboom Spent Bleaching Earth Oil (SBEO) sprawl spruce Sri Lanka Stakeholders standards start-up State Department Statistics steam explosion steam methane reformation steam reformation steel stevia stillage storage tanks Straight (pure) Vegetable Oil (SVO or PVO) stranded assets Strategic Bioenergy Reserve STrategiv Petroleum Reserve straw students su sub-Saharan Africa sub-sim (substantially similar) succinic acid sucrose Sudan sugar Sugar Beets/Energy Beets Sugar kelp sugar palm sugar platform sugar prices sugar standards sugar-to-biodiesel sugar-to-farnesane sugar-to-jetfuel sugarcane sugarcane prices sugarcane straw sugars sugars-to-fats sulfur Sumatra sunflower sunflower stalks supercritical fluid supercritical hydrolysis supply agreements supply chain Supreme Court surahart Surface Transportation Board Suriname Sustainability Swaziland Sweden sweet potatoes Sweet sorghum sweetgum swine waste Switchgrass Switzerland sycamore syngas (synthesis gas) syngas/gas fermentation SYNHH synthesised aromatic kerosene (SAK) synthetic biology synthetic diesel synthetic gasoline synthetic kerosene synthetic liquified gas (SLG) synthetic methane/e-methane synthetic natural gas Syria Tailoring Rule Taiwan Tajikistan tall fescue tall oil tallow tallow tree tamanu/nyamplung Tamarix tank cars tank-to-wheel tanker trucks tankers Tanzania tar sands tariffs taro Tasmania tax benefit tax credits tax incentives tax parity tax policy taxes tea teach teach-the-teacher teacher teacher resources teacher training tech transfer technical course Technical Readiness Levels techno-economic analysis technology transfer telephone utility poles Tennessee termites terpenes terrestrial carbon testing Texas textbook Thailand theft therapeutics Thermal catalytic depolymerization (TCD) thermal deoxygenation thermocatalytic conversion thermochemical conversion thermochemical liquefaction Tibet Tier 3 Tier 4 tilapia tillage Timor-Leste tires tobacco tobacco tree Togo Tokyo toluene Tonga tool Toronto torrefaction totai Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) trade trade dispute/discrimination trade group trade organization Trade Policy trade secrets training trains transesterification transgenics transition Transportation Fuels Policy Transportation Fuels Policy--Municipal Transportation Fuels Policy--State Transportation Policy travel policy Treasury Department trees Trinidad and Tobago triticale trucks tubers tugboats tung tunicate Tunisia Tunsia Turkey U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) UCOME (Used Cooking Oil Methyl Ester) Uganda UK (United Kingdom) UK Emission Trade Scheme (UK ETS) Ukraine Ukriane UL (Underwriters Laboratory) ULSD (ultra low sulfur diesel) Ultra Low Sulfur Fuel Oil (ULSFO) Ultra-low-carbon bioethanol underground storage tanks (UST) UNESCO UNIDO (United National Industrial Development Organization) United Arab Emirates (UAE) United Nations (UN) United Nations' International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) United States Auto Club Unleaded 88/E15 uranium urban sprawl urbanization Uruguay US Agency for International Development (USAID) US Army US ethanol exports US Geological Survey US Product Safety Commission USAC USAID USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS) used cooking oil (UCO) used motor oil used railroad ties ustain Utah utilities utility model Uzbekistan value chain Value Stack vanadium Vancouver Vanuatu Vatican VEETC vegetable oils vehicles miles traveled (VMT) Velocys Venezuela Vermont vetiver Victoria video Vietnam vinasse vinegar vineyard waste Virgin Islands. virgin oils Virginia viruses vlsfo VLSFO (very low sulfur fuel oil) volatile fatty acids (VFA) volunteers VTOL (vertical take-off and landing aircraft) Vulcanol w waiver Wales warranty Washington Washington DC waste waste alcohol Waste CO2 waste heat waste management waste oil waste paper waste vegetable oil waste-to-chemicals Waste-to-Energy waste-to-fuel wastewater water water consumption water footprint water hyacinth water policy water pollution water quality water treatment water vapor watermeal watermelon wax weather well-to-wheel West Africa West Coast West Java West Virginia Western Australia wet distillers grain wet extraction What You Can Do wheat wheat bran wheat fiber wheat prices wheat straw wheatgrass whey whisky white grease White House wildlife habitat willow wind energy wine wastage/grape marc winter crops Wisconsin Wisdonsin women Wood woody biomass World Bank World Trade Organization (WTO) Wyoming XTL xylan xylene xylose yard waste yeast yellow grease yellowhorn tree Yemen Yields Yukon Zambia Zanzibar zein zeolites zero-carbon bioethanol Zimbabwe zinc zoning

© 2008-2024 Copyright Advanced BioFuels USA. All Rights reserved.