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Is the Biofuel Industry Approaching a Feedstock Crunch?

(International Energy Agency) This report forms a component of Chapter 4 of Renewables 2022 and addresses a key question in renewable energy markets. About this report Biodiesel, renewable diesel and biojet fuel producers are headed for a feedstock supply crunch during 2022-2027 if

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The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide to Identification of Genetic Mechanisms to Design Biofuel Crops for Sustainability

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Agriculture needs to reduce GHG emissions With soil C sequestration, crops can be net negative. But how do we add carbon back to ag soils? What are the biological and genetic levers to make feedstocks

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DOE Funds Pilot Study Focused on Biosecurity for Bioenergy Crops

(Brookhaven National Laboratory/Biomass Magazine) The U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Science has selected Brookhaven National Laboratory to lead a new research effort focused on potential threats to crops grown for bioenergy production. Understanding how such bioenergy crops could be harmed

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DOE Funds Pilot Study Focused on Biosecurity for Bioenergy Crops

(Brookhaven National Laboratory/EurekAlert!)  Research into threats from pathogens and pests would speed short-term response and spark long-term mitigation strategies  -- The U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Office of Science has selected Brookhaven National Laboratory to lead a new research effort

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$2.6M DOE Grant Supports UMD-led Study on Genetics of Plant Growth for Biofuels

by Kimbra Cutlip (University of Maryland/Maryland Today) A University of Maryland researcher was awarded $2.6 million by the U.S. Department of Energy to investigate the genetics underlying how poplar trees sense nutrients and regulate their metabolism—information that could help farmers

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The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to Next-Gen Feedstocks for the Emerging Bioeconomy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) The goal of this project is to develop productive, cost-effective and sustainable warm-season perennial bioenergy feedstock production systems on marginal croplands across geographic locations in the Midwest. The University of Illinois (at Champaign-Urbana)’s D. K.

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The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to Bioeconomy Feedstocks

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) These slides were presented by Digest editor Jim Lane as part of the ABLC CONNECT episode on Feedstocks and the Bioeconomy Supply-Chain. Here, we explore the available volumes, prices, and distribution of key existing feedstock

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Widespread Trials of Biomass Crop Cultivation to Launch in UK

(Bioenergy Insight) The UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UCEH) is leading new UK-wide trials of crops and trees which can be used to produce sustainable energy from plant material. Widespread cultivation of biomass crops in the UK could remove significant

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European Groups Comment on Key RED Vote in Parliament

(ePURE/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  The European Parliament has taken a positive step on EU renewable energy policy as ITRE Committee members voted decisively in favor of increasing the ambition for GHG emissions reduction in transport while leaving Member States free to use

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Going Rogue

by Ron Kotrba (Biobased Diesel Daily) ... Biodiesel producers, for instance, have lost market share and feedstock to renewable diesel, not necessarily because renewable diesel is a better fuel. Sometimes policy distortions are the reason the market plays out the way

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Rise of Electric Cars to Shift Biofuels Use to Other Transport Areas

by Sean Goulding Carroll (EURACTIV.com) As the pending combustion engine ban sets the clock ticking on the lucrative fuels market for passenger vehicles, the biofuels industry is aiming to bolster its position in other transport sectors – including trucking, shipping, and

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Fit for 55: Transport MEPs Set Ambitious Targets for Greener Aviation Fuels

(European Parliament)  85% of aviation fuel should be sustainable by 2050; Leave space for electricity and hydrogen to be part of new fuel mix; Create a Sustainable Aviation Fund -- EU aviation should gradually switch to sustainable fuel, such as

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Biofuel Blending to Slash Petrol Price, Emissions

by Munawar Hasan (The News International) Pakistan should focus on introducing use of biofuel in the domestic market in financial year 2022-23 to save nearly a billion dollars coupled with slashing petrol price by 10 to 20 percent. Despite immense potential, the

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Capturing Carbon with Crops, Trees and Bioenergy

by Emilie Lorditch (Michigan State University/Phys.Org) An integrated approach to land management practices in the U.S. can reduce carbon dioxide in the atmosphere far more than earlier estimates based on separate approaches, Michigan State University researchers say. Their research was published

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RFA Calls on EPA to Remove Controversial Studies from Peer Reviewed Congressional Process

by Meghan Sapp (Biofuels Digest) In Washington, a recent, highly publicized report led by Tyler Lark of the University of Wisconsin attacking the Renewable Fuel Standard is “more problematic than what we initially evaluated to be the case,” according to a new review

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White House Should Move Beyond E15, Boost Biofuel’s Economic, Environmental, National Security and Public Health Benefits

(Solutions from the Land)  ... Reports out of Washington indicate that EPA submitted to the White House late last month its proposal on biofuel mandates, calling for a retroactive reduction for years 2020 and 2021, then boosting it back up for

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Solving Today’s Ag Challenges: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to FFAR

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) The Foundation for Food & Agriculture Research builds public-private partnerships and funds pioneering research focusing on key challenge areas like next generation crops, soil health, advanced animal systems, sustainable water management, and more. Find out

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Survey Says Biofuels Indispensable for Security: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to UFOP’s Biofuels Survey

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) The war in Ukraine affects important agricultural markets and restrictions on legal requirements for the production of biodiesel and bioethanol lead to an increase in imports of protein animal feeds and thus to an increase

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Biofuels Need Holistic-Development Approach instead of ‘Tank-or-Plate’ Discussion

(Union for the Promotion of Oil and Protein Plants (UFOP)/Biobased Diesel Daily) The Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Quota Act is the most important driver for decarbonization of the transport sector with the increasing GHG-reduction commitments until 2030. In view of the

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UFOP Rejects Reduction of the Cap for Biofuels from Cultivated Biomass

(Union for the Promotion of Oil and Protein Plants) The GHG Quota Act regulates market balancing -- The Federal Environment Ministry's initiative to reduce the so-called cap on biofuels from cultivated biomass has met with incomprehension. The UFOP rejects the

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Biofuels Help Ensure Europe’s Energy Security and Sustainability

by Simona Vackeová (ePURE/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  As the EU aims to increase its energy independence and steps up its ambitions to fight climate change, it should stay true to its goal of carbon neutrality and not overlook the full potential

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The “Green Crude” SAF Alternative: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to Alder Fuels

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) Alder Fuels’ Chief Technology Officer, Derek Vardon, shared this illuminating slide guide at ABLC highlighting how they are seeing a future of gathering energy instead of drilling for it and how the solution for

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Germany Plans to 'Further Reduce' Use of Crop-Biofuels

by Sophie Barthel (Argus Media) Germany plans to further reduce the use of biofuels produced from food and feed crops because of rising food costs and waning supply of agricultural products caused by disruption of exports from main suppliers Ukraine and

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EU Biofuels Chain Calls for More Biofuel Use in Decarbonization Plans

by Meghan Sapp (Biofuels Digest)  In Belgium, consequent with the increased ambitions brought by the European Green Deal, and the objective to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050, the European Union (EU) ought to ensure that its 2020 energy and climate objectives are

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Decarbonizing SAF: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to Alder Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) How do we address the growth and emissions of the aviation sector? How does Alder Fuels enable the conversion of biomass into transportation fuels? How can Alder hyperscale? Who is Alder partnering with? Bruno Miller,

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Alien Energy: Unlocking the Potential of Invasive Plants in South Africa

by Arianna Baldo and Tjaša Bole-Rentel (RSBBioenergy and WWF South Africa) Invasive alien plants (IAPs) are a scourge across Southern Africa – with species like black wattle and port jackson found across the region. It is estimated that more than 10%

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New MSU Research Shows How Biofuel Crops Can Help Mitigate Climate Change When Grown on Land of Otherwise Little Agricultural Value

by Cameron Rudolph  (Michigan State University) Newly published research from MSU Foundation Professor Bruno Basso shows how some Midwest farmers can see economic and environmental benefits of growing switchgrass, a biofuel crop, on traditionally less-productive land. -- Newly published Michigan State University

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MEP Proposes Fewer Restrictions on Biofuels to Meet Higher Renewables Target

by Sean Goulding Carroll (EURACTIV.com) The amount of bioenergy in the EU’s transport sector will increase under plans by the lawmaker leading the European Parliament’s position on the EU’s renewable energy law, a scenario likely to rankle green legislators. Markus Pieper, the

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EU Renewable Ethanol Has Impact on Europe’s Energy Independence, Says ePURE

(Biofuels International) The European Commission’s RePowerEU proposal to boost EU energy security is an important step to reducing dependence on imported crude oil and ensuring stable domestic production of fuel and food, while continuing the drive to carbon-neutrality. As a proven,

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From Seed to Skin: How Biodiesel Makes the EU Go Round — and Go Green

(European Biodiesel Board/Politico)  Europe will need much more of this renewable fuel to decarbonize the transport system. The advantages stretch way beyond the obvious.-- ... EU countries have a huge challenge ahead of them: phase out fossil fuels in order

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TotalEnergies and the FNSEA Join Forces to Support the Energy Transition of the Agricultural World

(TotalEnergies (Google translation)) On the occasion of the International Agricultural Show, TotalEnergies and the National Federation of Farmers' Unions (FNSEA) are forging a partnership with a view to supporting and accelerating the energy, environmental and economics of the agricultural sector in

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UNT BioDiscovery Institute Is One Step Closer to Sustainable Plant-Based Fuel

by Amy Brundeen (University of North Texas)  ... Helping plants produce C-lignin could lead to crops that are useful for creating an economically feasible plant-based jet fuel, among other applications. The latest findings from (Richrd) Dixon’s lab at UNT’s BioDiscovery

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The Next Big Step for Algae and Sustainable Aviation Fuels

by Rebecca White, Lieve Laurens, Nate Kommers (Algae Biomass Organization/Biofuels Diges) Among the dozens of policy innovations that Congress must consider in climate change legislation is a tool that could help trigger the next stage in decarbonizing one of the most

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U.S. Department of Energy Announces $19 Million for Carbon Utilization Funding Opportunity DEADLINE: March 18, 2022

(U.S. Department of Energy) The U.S. Department of Energy’s Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) in the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) and the Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management’s (FECM's) Carbon Utilization Program announced up to $19 million

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Commission Aims to Decarbonise Transport by Equally Taxing Fossil and Crop-Based Biofuels

by Sarantis Michalopoulos (EURACTIV.com) Decarbonising Europe’s transport has always been a tough equation for EU policymakers. However, the puzzle is expected to become even more complex as the European Commission is considering taxing fossil fuels and crop-based biofuels at the same

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Crop-based Biofuels Made up Majority of Renewables in EU Transport, Report Reveals

(Biofuels International)  A new EU report, highlighted by ePURE, has underlined Europe’s continued dependence on fossil fuels for transport. The report also confirmed the importance of crop-based biofuels as a renewable energy source that can easily replace them. Eurostat, the EU’s statistics

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Ground-Breaking Partnership Between Colombia and Clean Tech Pioneer Alder Fuels Will Support Decarbonizing Air Travel

(Alder Fuels/PR Newswire) In a historic first, Colombia could become a "green" crude, carbon-negative exporter thanks to a strategic alliance between the Government of Colombia and Alder Fuels, LLC. Alder is a cleantech company that pioneered groundbreaking technologies to convert forestry and other woody residue into Sustainable

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EU’s Strict Green Criteria for Biofuels Will Hinder Supply, MEPs Warn

by Sean Goulding Carroll (EURACTIV.com) The EU’s “restrictive” approach to biofuels sustainability criteria will harm producers’ ability to meet increased demand for green fuels coming from the transport sector, says Henna Virkkunen, a Finnish lawmaker in the European Parliament. Speaking at a

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First Generation Biofuels: Angel or Demon?

by Oliver Mace (Broadmanor Consulting) ... In fact, when it comes to biofuels, sustainability specialists working for the likes of RSB or ISCC have spent countless hours attempting to define what it actually depends ON, in great detail and across many

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Transport Energy & Renewables in the EU – What the Latest Commission Data Tells Us

by James Cogan (Ethanol Europe/Biofuels Digest) ... Oil maintains an overwhelming grip on the sector with a steady 94% share. The rest is biofuels with 5.6% and renewable electricity with 0.6%. Three quarters of the extra energy demand over the

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Argus Launches First Asian Renewable Diesel and SAF Prices

(Argus/PR Newswire) Global energy and commodity price reporting agency Argus has launched the first renewable diesel and sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) prices for Asia. These prices are designed to meet the growing need for greater transparency in renewable fuel markets as

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Senate Hearing Addresses Wood Stoves, RFS and Biomass Neutrality

by Erin Voegele (Biomass Magazine) The U.S. EPA’s proposed rule to extend the sales deadline for Step 1 wood heaters, rulemaking to classify biomass as carbon neutral and issues associated with the Renewable Fuel Standard and small refinery exemptions (SREs) were

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When Will the EU ‘Get Real’ on Biofuels? European Union Must Embrace Biofuels to Achieve Climate Goals.

by Emmanuel Desplechin (Ethanol Producer Magazine/ePURE)  ... And the EU consistently downplays one of the best tools it has already for an energy transition: low-carbon liquid fuels like renewable EU ethanol. ... The simple fact is the EU will need sustainable, low-carbon fuels

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Where Will All the Feedstock Come From?

by Ron Kotrba (Biodiesel Magazine)  As a new wave of large-scale biomass-based diesel projects develops, experts suggest market forces are ready to deliver the necessary fats, oils and greases.  --  ...Many of these new biomass-based diesel projects intend to produce renewable diesel

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Mighty Earth Wants to Push 2020 Candidates on the Use of Biofuels

by Zachary Oren Smith (Iowa City Press-Citizen)  ... Mighty Earth, a program affiliated with left-leaning think tank Center for International Policy, has three paid organizers setting up shop in Iowa City, Des Moines and the Quad-Cities in hopes of getting 2020 candidates to

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Corn Ethanol Production Has Minimal Effect on Cropland Use, Study Shows

by  Madhu Khanna (Farms.com)  Ethanol production has increased sharply in the United States in the past 10 years, leading to concerns about the expansion of demand for corn resulting in conversion of non-cropland to crop production and the environmental effects of

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EU Recognises Importance of Crop-Based Ethanol to Achieving Climate Goals

(ePURE/EurActiv)  RED II agreement by negotiators is a step in the right direction, allowing Member States to use sustainable biofuels in fighting climate change   --  Negotiators from the European Parliament, Council and Commission agreed early Thursday morning on a new target for

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NGOs Tell Commission to Listen to Science and Differentiate Biofuels

by Claire Stam (EurActiv)  A coalition of Czech and Slovak NGOs has called on the European Commission to draw a line in the Renewable Energy Directive revision (RED II) between more sustainable ethanol and the high greenhouse gas emitting tropical oils. They also said that

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Natural Rubber: Viable Industrial BioEconomy Crop, It’s Going to Be Big

by Katrina Cornish and Corinne Young (re:chem/Bioemergent Materials, The Ohio State University/Biofuels Digest/Lee Enterprises)  Bioenergy/biofuel/platform chemical biomasses, whether grown (crops) or collected (forestry waste and municipal wastes of various kinds), still struggle with commercial competitiveness against the low cost, enormous scale, and market

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Search for Sustainable Fuels Drives Researchers at UI's New Bioenergy Center

byJulie Wurth  (News Gazette)  A Midwest crop of the future: grasses and other plants that produce their own oils to be used as fuel or byproducts. That's the vision behind a new bioenergy research center being launched today at the University of

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Despite EU Palm Oil Ban, Biofuel Problems Will Continue

(Deutsche Welle) Members of the European Parliament have rejected an attempt to phase out support for crop-based biofuels. So what's next in the food versus fuel debate? -- ... The legislative shift, set to take effect in 2020, won't actually change much

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New Study Shows Producers Where and How to Grow Cellulosic Biofuel Crops

(University of Illinois College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences/Science Daily)  A new report provides practical agronomic data for five cellulosic feedstocks, which could improve adoption and increase production across the country.  --  ... "Early yield estimates were based on data from

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The European Parliament Just Avoided a Biofuels Fail. Now Here’s How to Move forward on Decarbonising Transport

(ePure)  2030 EU target for renewables in transport leaves an opening for sustainable crop-based biofuels to help reach Paris goals  --  The European Parliament’s vote to phase out palm oil and allow some crop-based biofuels is a welcome recognition that the EU

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Alabama Producers Growing Carinata for Biofuel

by Katie Nichols (Alabama Extension Daily)  Alabama growers are sowing the seeds of a new biofuel oil crop this winter. Brassica carinata, informally known as carinata, is similar to canola (Brassica napus L.)—a crop many producers introduced to rotations several years ago. An oilseed crop, carinata

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Top 10 Bioeconomy Predictions for 2018

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  A mere “The Year in Rewind” as we sail into 2018? Not the good ship Digest! Instead, we dust off our crystal ball and offer our predictions for the year ahead. As the sunset of 2017 gives

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EU Energy Council Agreement Sends Mixed Messages on Renewables

(The EU Biodiesel Chain)  On Dec. 18, the EU Energy Ministers agreed on the Council General Approach for the post-2020 EU Renewable Energy Directive (RED II). The EU Biodiesel Chain welcomes the council decision to increase the minimum share of renewable

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Perspectives on Biofuels in Sub-Saharan Africa

by Susan van Dyk, Emile van Zyl, Brett Pletschke (International Energy Agency Bioenergy Task 39)  This short contribution provides some perspectives on opportunities for biofuel production on the African continent. Africa has a large land base, with only 27% of its arable

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Biofuels Market for Red Tractor Assured Crops Secured for Five Years

by Marianne Curtis (Farmers Guardian)  The biofuels market for Red Tractor assured crops has been secured with the news that the European Commission will continue to recognise the scheme under the Renewable Energy Directive, says Red Tractor. Since 2012 compliance with Red Tractor

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Researchers Find Bioenergy Crops Provide Critical Ecosystem Services

by M. Cristina Negri (U.S. Department of Energy)  Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) in Argonne, Illinois, are examining innovative new agricultural landscapes that incorporate perennial bioenergy crops to provide environmental benefits, such as improved nutrient management and pollinator nesting. This work prioritizes

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Can the European Union Afford to Phase Out Conventional Biofuels?

by Michael Eggleston* (Advanced Biofuels USA)  On November 7th, 2017, industrial experts, leaders and policy makers alike met for the 20th Annual World Ethanol & Biofuels Conference held in Brussels, Belgium to discuss how the future of de-fossilizing the transport

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Fish, Wildlife & Bioenergy: The Digest’s Multi-Slide Guide to Sustainable Impacts on Fish and Wildlife Habitats

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies is working with bioenergy industries and leaders to assist them in the sustainable development of bioenergy that includes our fish and wildlife resources, in the quest towards sustainable bioenergy

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Government of Alberta Establishes New Advanced Biofuel Leadership

(Advanced Biofuels Canada/EIN Presswire) Advanced Biofuels Canada applauds government for new funding to support biofuels in Alberta and expand the province’s lower carbon economy. --  The government of Alberta announced today new initiatives to strengthen the biofuels sector in Alberta. The province has

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European Parliament Sets Stage for a Battle over Biofuels

(ePURE) Industry Committee vote falls short of what is needed to fix the Commission’s RED II proposal  --  The report adopted today by the European Parliament’s Industry, Research and Energy Committee sets the stage for a real clash with EU Member States

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Dutch Researchers Create Maps of GHG Emissions from Biofuel Production

by Meghan Sapp (Biofuels Digest)  In the Netherlands, a team of scientists charted greenhouse gas emissions resulting from biofuel production, presenting them as global maps. Dedicated crops grown on grasslands, savannahs and abandoned agricultural lands could provide around 30 exajoules per year (i.e.

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EU Renewables Directive Sparks Mixed Feelings among Players

(ICIS)   ...  Charles-Albert Peers, CEO of ethanol producer Alcogroup and chairman of the European trade group for renewable ethanol ePURE, criticised what he called a “U-turn” in EU policy. “RED II removes one of the best options for decarbonising transport. I don’t see how

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Biofuels International 2017 Conference in Edinburgh - A Peek into EU’s Biofuel Industry and Policy Outlook

by Aino Siirala* (Advanced Biofuels USA)  The 10th Biofuels International Conference and Expo took place in Edinburgh this year. The conference was co-located with Bioenergy Insight 2017 conference which gave the participants an opportunity to attend both events at the

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MEP: ‘Sustainable’ Biofuels and E-Mobility Both Needed in Post-2020 EU Transport

by Sarantis Michalopoulos  (Euractiv)  This article is part of our special report Phasing-out biofuels: What’s really at stake?. If the EU intends to meet its climate obligations under the Paris Agreement, then it should favour both “sustainable” biofuels and electric cars

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A Sticky Matter: Sugar Molasses Dent EU’s Ambitions on Advanced Biofuels

by Paola Tamma (EurActiv)  Sugar molasses, which the European Commission sees as “advanced” biofuel, present many of the same problems as conventional biofuels – including a potential increase in food prices and land competition for food production. But their definition as biofuels

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UK Government Introduces Proposals for Cap on Crop-Based Biofuels

by Liz Gyekye (Biofuels International)  The UK government has made proposals to introduce a cap on crop-based biofuels in order to meet its renewable fuel obligations. The maximum level for the use of fuels made from agricultural crops will begin at

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UK Department for Transport Announces Biofuel Reforms

(NNFCC Ltd./Biodiesel Magazine)  Following years of policy uncertainty and market stagnation, the U.K.’s Department for Transport has announced its intention to raise the target under the Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation, paving the way for future growth of the U.K. biofuels

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Earnings Season: An Advanced Bioecononomy’s Health and Wellness Check-Up

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In today’s Digest, let’s look at trends driving the industry’s results at scale — and while money is not the measure of all progress, it is the ultimate yardstick and especially for companies that have

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Winter Is Not Coming: Pushing Back the Frost Wall for More Food, More Fuel, More Money, More Everything

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ... So, what do you do about the Frost Wall. Generally, you can grow more with the first harvest — that’s yield improvement. Or, you can grow more in the extreme north — that’s crop expansion.

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Shock Rise in Corn Production Leads to Price Plunge

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In grains, the big news has been the USDA prospective plantings report, which has corn up to 93 million acres in 2016, up 5 million over last year, and it was an unexpected gain given

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VIDEO: Sustainability in Bioenergy: A Nation Connected

(US Department of Energy)  “Sustainability in Bioenergy: A Nation Connected” is a short documentary highlighting personal stories and the efforts being made by communities across the United States to develop, produce, and provide bioenergy, while ensuring it is environmentally, economically,

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ARPA-E Awards $30M in High-Risk, High-Reward Moonshot Program to Transform Energy Crops

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Six projects land major multi-year awards for Project TERRA, Tramsportation Energy Resources from Renewable Agriculture In Washington, ARPA-E announced awards totaling $30 million for projects seeking to accelerate the development of sustainable energy crops for the

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Expert: Southeast Has Potential to Become ‘Saudi Arabia’ for Biofuels Crop Production

by Blair Fannin (Texas A&M University)  Dr. Bill McCutchen sees the potential for the southeast to become the ‘Saudi Arabia’ for production of dedicated energy crops. “It’s the Bioenergy Belt,” said McCutchen, executive associate director of Texas A&M AgriLife Research, at

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Rain Dancing on Wall Street, Main Street and Elm Street

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  As drought, recession, and capital starvation form a perfect storm, will advanced biofuels be thrown under the bus?  Industry leaders say that dropping biofuels production targets will not reverse impacts of the 2012 drought. Instead,

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Holst Biofuels Offers Promising Innovations, Savings for Agriculture

by Rudy Kemppainen  (Hancock County Journal-Pilot)  ...Holst Biofuels, which is an offshoot to its main farming operation, has proved to be a particularly valuable adjunct to the total profit picture, one which can likely be adapted to many area farming operations. “I

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Using Plants to Turn Solar Energy Into Useful Products: Framing the Biofuels Debate at the Proper Point on the Technology Curve

 …It is difficult to argue with scientific measurements and peer review when they are discussing the first generation technologies, with little relevance of the overall shift towards renewables and greentech that is making all industry more energy efficient, improving water

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B10 B100 B100 pumps B11 B12 B12.5 B13 B14 B15 B16 B17 B19 B2 B20 B24 B25 B3 B30 B30RD10 B33 B35 B4 B40 B49 B5 B50 B50RD50 B6 B7 B70 B75 B8 B80 B98 B99 Babados nut tree babassu bacteria bagasse Bahamas Bahrain bamboo banana banana stems Bangladesh bankruptcy Barbados barge barley barley fiber barley protein barley straw Basque batteries Battery Electric Vehicles (BEV) bauxite beauty leaf tree beaver beer bees Belarus Belgium Belize Benin benzene Bermuda Bhutan big bluestem big data Big Food Big Oil/Oil Majors BIGoil billion ton study bio Bio LPG (Bio Liquid Petroleum Gas) bio-based diesel benefits bio-based economy Bio-CNG pumps Bio-CNG/RNG terminal bio-LNG (Liquified Natural Gas) Bio-LNG Pumps (Liquified Natural Gas) Bio-LNG terminal bio-natural gas bio-NGV (natural gas for vehicles) bio-oil/pyrolysis oil bio-SPK (bio derived synthetic paraffinic kerosene) biobased Biobased Markets Program biobased materials Biobased Product Manufacturing Assistance Program biochar biochemical 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curriculum cusi cutworm caterpillars cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) cylindro Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs d-5 D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D20 (20%DME) D5 (5%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA date kernel oil date palm date palm pits date palm waste Dates DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act deficit definitions deforestation defossilization defossilize Dehydration Delaware DeltaWing demonstration demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify density Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security Department of Justice Department of Labor Department of the Interior Department of Transportation 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(synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E100 E100 conversion kit E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E2 E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E3 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency egg shell Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric Vehicle (EV) Prices electric grid electricity electricity price electricity/power generation electricity/power 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