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Circe Bioscience Licenses Technology to Decarbonize Industry with Microbes Developed at Wyss Institute at Harvard University

by Lindsay Brownell (Wyss Institute at  Harvard Office of Technology Development) Novel gas fermentation approach enables engineered microbes to eat greenhouse gases and produce valuable products for multiple uses -- The Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University announced that Circe,

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Arnhem to Host First e-Methanol System in Benelux

by Alan Sherrard  (Bioenergy International) In the Netherlands, a consortium with Bright Renewables and HyGear, both part of the HoSt Group, and the University of Twente are set to construct Benelux's first electro-methanol (e-methanol) system. The joint project, "Towards Acceleration and Demonstration of

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Standardized eMethanol Production

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Flemming Kanstrup and Robert Buckley-Mellor of Topsoe and Worley respectively presented these slides at ABLC 2024 on new revenue for biogenic CO2 via eMethanol — highlighting that market maturity breaks the barriers to entry for producers

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More Efficient Bioethanol Production Might Be Possible Using Persimmon Tannin to Help Yeast Thrive

(Osaka Metropolitan University/Science X/Phys.Org)  While ethanol in alcoholic beverages impairs drinkers' motor functions, it is that same substance that can power motor vehicles in a cleaner, more sustainable manner. What is necessary for the production of ethanol is yeast, but ethanol

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One of the World’s Largest Biofuel Plants Is Planned in Malmö

(CMP) Copenhagen Malmö Port (CMP) and Green2x have entered into a partnership with the focus on the design, establishment, and operation of one of the world’s largest biofuel plants to date at CMP’s terminals in the port of Malmö. The establishment

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Syzygy Plasmonics Demonstrates Groundbreaking CO2-to-Fuel Solution with RTI International

(Syzygy Plasmonics) Joint project delivers drop-in fuel that can be used in today's engines -- Syzygy Plasmonics announced today that it along with the nonprofit research institute RTI International have successfully demonstrated an all-electric CO2-to-Fuel production pathway at RTI's facility in Research Triangle

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Urban Biorefineries in the EU: From Blueprint to Implementation

(World Bio Market Insights) Cities are overflowing with valuable biomass if you look in the right places: namely, in their sewage systems. The organic materials in urban wastewater can provide cheap, local, and abundant raw materials for biobased and circular fuels,

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Where Is the SAF Going to Come From?

By Jim Mladenik (Stillwater Associates) In a past article – SAF in the IRA Era – How do the incentives stack up? – we described why sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) is more expensive to produce than renewable diesel (RD) and how the Inflation Reduction Act

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Fermbox Bio Introduces EN3ZYME: A Global Solution Transforming Agricultural Waste into Renewable Biofuels and Sustainable Synbio Products

(Fermbox Bio/PR Newswire)  Fermbox Bio, a synthetic biology research and manufacturing company, announces the launch of EN3ZYME, a cutting-edge enzyme cocktail designed to enhance both the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of transforming pre-treated agri-based residues into fermentable, cellulosic sugars. These sugars pave

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Innovate Ukraine: Advanced Biomethane Production from Microalgae Grown in Digestate from Biogas PlantsInnovate Ukraine

(UABIO)  We are happy to announce project “Advanced biomethane production from microalgae grown in digestate from biogas plants” has been successful in the “Innovate Ukraine – support for the energy restoration of Ukraine”  competition funded by UK International Development and hosted by British Embassy Kyiv.  The project will be

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New Technique by NUS Scientists to Transform Waste Carbon Dioxide into High-Value Chemicals Achieves Cost Reduction of about 30%

(National University of Singapore) An energy-efficient, cost-effective way to convert the greenhouse gas into a wide range of chemical feedstocks -- Addressing the urgent challenge posed by escalating carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and their impact on climate change, researchers from the National

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MOU Agreed to Develop ‘Bioship’ Technology and Plans to Construct the World’s First Biomass-Fuelled Ship

(Drax) Leading Japanese companies, NYK Line (NYK), NYK Bulk & Projects Carriers (NBP), TSUNEISHI SHIPBUILDING Co., Ltd. (“TSUNEISHI SHIPBUILDING”) and British renewable energy business, Drax Group (Drax), have signed a new memorandum of understanding (MoU) to develop both the world’s first

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Complete Utilization of Date Seeds for Biofuel Production

by Saleha Al-Mardeai, Meera Aldhaheri, Aysha Al Hashmi, Maryam Qassem, Sulaiman Al-Zuhair (Cleaner Engineering and Technology)  Full utilization of date seeds for bioethanol and biodiesel production was tested; Oil extraction was examined as a potential pretreatment method; Oil extraction enhanced yield by two folds

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SMA Mineral Partners with Infinium to Advance eFuels Project in Norway

(Infinium) Infinium previously announced it will build Norway’s first commercial scale eFuels plant at the Mo Industripark -- eFuels leader Infinium has reached an agreement with SMA Mineral (SMA) that will advance the development of Infinium’s eFuels project at the Mo Industripark

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Asahi Kasei Starts Operation of Multi-Module Hydrogen Pilot Plant in Kawasaki

(Asahi Kasei) Important milestone towards realization of 100 MW-class alkaline-water electrolysis systems -- The Japanese technology company Asahi Kasei is further accelerating its hydrogen business activities. On May 13, company representatives and partners including the Japanese government celebrated the official opening of

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Ensyn

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Ensyn’s current focus is on low-carbon fuels, including low-carbon heating and cooling solutions for institutional and industrial customers and low-carbon feedstock solutions for petroleum refineries for the production of renewable transportation fuels. Ensyn Chairman Robert Graham

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Power-to-Liquids Primer: Fuel From Thin Air

by Rose Oates  (BloombergNEF)  E-fuels made from hydrogen and captured carbon dioxide (CO2) via the power-to-liquids (PtL) process can boast extremely low emissions compared to the fossil fuels they replace, depending on the source of carbon. Moreover, e-fuels don’t face the

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Bright Renewables, Tekniska Verken Partner up for Sweden’s First Biogas CCU Project

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) From Sweden comes  news that Bright Renewables has won the technical tender from Tekniska verken, a major Swedish multi-utility energy company, for the supply of CO2 liquefaction technology. The system will be installed at Tekniska verken’s

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For Sustainable Aviation Fuel, Researchers Engineer a Promising Microorganism for Precursor Production

(U.S. Department of Energy) Pseudomonas putida is a useful microorganism for producing the sustainable aviation fuel precursor isoprenol due to its ability to use renewable sources of carbon. -- Sustainable aviation fuels made from renewable sources of carbon could reduce carbon dioxide

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NREL Biomass Technology a Cornerstone of SAFFiRE Renewables Biofuel Pilot Plant Going Up in Kansas

by Erik F. Ringle (National Renewable Energy Laboratory)  On its path to opening a facility designed to turn agriculture residue into a scalable biofuel business, SAFFiRE Renewables, LLC plans to break ground on its pilot plant near Liberal, Kansas, in late 2024. In 2023,

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Gevo

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Gevo addresses the market need of reducing greenhouse gas emissions with sustainable alternatives, and is commercializing the next generation of advanced, bio-based renewable fuels with sustainable aviation fuel, renewable premium gasoline, and renewable natural gas that

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Why Is Breaking Down Plant Material for Biofuels So Slow?

by Gail McCormick (Pennsylvania State University) Penn State researchers have revealed how molecular roadblocks slow the breakdown of cellulose, an abundant renewable resource in plants -- Cellulose, which helps give plant cell walls their rigid structure, holds promise as a renewable raw

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Carbon to Value Initiative Says 4th Cohort Is Open for Apps: Cohort I-III Companies Raised $410M in Follow-on Funding DEADLINE June 21, 2024

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) From Massachusetts, New York and Texas, we received news that the Carbon to Value Initiative, a partnership of the Urban Future Lab at NYU Tandon School of Engineering (UFL), Greentown Labs, and Fraunhofer USA has opened the

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Premiere for the Porsche Mobil 1 Supercup with eFuels

(Porsche) The Porsche Mobil 1 Supercup will start the new season with eFuels that are potentially near-carbon-neutral. The feedstock comes from the Haru Oni pilot plant. The up to 32 racing cars in the Supercup will be fuelled exclusively with eFuels

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Australian Researchers Eye Sustainable Aviation Fuel from Landfill Gases

by James Redmayne (Reuters)  Australian researchers have developed a chemical process that could produce sustainable aviation fuel from landfill gases as a way of cutting carbon emissions, they said on Wednesday. ... The Sydney University scientists used non-thermal plasma technology that fires high-energy

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FuelCell Energy and Toyota Motor North America Celebrate Launch of World's First 'Tri-gen' Production System at the Port of Long Beach

(Toyota/PR Newswire) FuelCell Energy's Tri-gen technology produces three products: renewable electricity, renewable hydrogen, and usable water; Marks Toyota's first port vehicle processing facility in the world to be powered by onsite-generated, 100 percent renewable electricity; Both light-duty and Class 8 heavy-duty fuel cell

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Cemvita

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) We’ve engineered microbes that turn the waste such as CO2 into helpful compounds, therefore closing the carbon/waste loop and address those recovery and production processes that, in current heavy industry, creates waste and emission outputs. Cemvita’s Pedro

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European Hydrogen Bank Pilot Auction Results

(European Commission)The first EU-wide auction (IF23 Auction) for the production of RFNBO (renewable fuel of non-biological origin) hydrogen was launched on 23 November 2023 and closed on 8 February 2024. The auction attracted 132 projects bids from 17 European countries You

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Haffner Energy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Haffner Energy’s expertise has been forged over more than 30 years of experience. 30 years’ experience designing, developing and bringing to market a pioneering, patented technology that produces clean fuels with a neutral-to-negative carbon footprint: biomass

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GIDARA Energy Collaborates with Aker Solutions in Equinor's Waste-to-SAF Study

(GIDARA) We are pleased to announce that GIDARA Energy's HTW® (High Temperature Winkler) technology for Gasification of solid waste to syngas has been selected by Aker Solutions (AKSO), as one of several suppliers, to contribute to a feasibility study for the Equinor Mongstad Industrial Transformation (MIT) project. The

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Promising SA-First Solution to Convert Paper Sludge, Food and Textile Waste into Bioethanol

(The Paper Story)  A pioneering solution has been developed to convert cellulose fibre-rich waste from pulp and paper mill operations into ethanol using a specialised fermentation process. Ethanol is a versatile starting material that finds diverse application in the production of

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to DG Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) DG Fuels is an emerging leader in renewable hydrogen and biogenic based, synthetic low emissions aviation and diesel fuel, and this deck looks at their second-generation cellulosic biofuel and their market expansion plans, whose hydrogen content

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Hybrid Electric Flight Pioneer Ampaire Ground Tests Dimensional Energy e-Fuel

by Tony Harrington (GreenAir) Electric aviation pioneer Ampaire has partnered with Dimensional Energy, an emerging power-to-liquid producer, to perform a ground test of a hybrid-electric powertrain using 100% e-SAF created by converting carbon dioxide captured from the atmosphere. The two US-based companies performed

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UK Researchers Lead a National Team, Transforming Solid Waste into Aviation Fuel

by Jordan Strickler (University of Kentucky) In a move towards sustainable energy and waste management, the University of Kentucky has launched a pioneering research initiative that seeks to turn everyday trash into high-quality sustainable aviation fuels (SAF). Titled "Surface Enhanced Smart Preprocessing

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Yeast Fuel, Developed by Chula's Faculty of Science Soon to Expand Its Production for the Aerospace Industry

(Chulalongkorn University/PR Newswire) Researchers from Chulalongkorn University have made use of forage grass to feed microorganisms and convert the resulting fat into jet fuel. They aim to expand petroleum-based oil replacement production to reduce impacts on human health and the environment. --  Yeast is a

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EPA Approves Registration of Vertimass Green Gasoline Blends

(Vertimass)  VertiGas20, a renewable gasoline product, is now registered to be sold as 20% blends in conventional gasoline to help mitigate transportation carbon emissions -- Vertimass is pleased to announce that the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has approved registration for

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Iogen

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) You may know Iogen as the cellulosic ethanol tech and biofuel company, but did you know they are now deploying low-carbon BECCS hydrogen? Check out this slide guide from ABLC 2024 in San Francisco from CEO Brian

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Just Released: 2023 Project Peer Review Report

(U.S. Department of Energy)  Highlighting Expert Feedback on BETO's Portfolio -- The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) released its 2023 Project Peer Review Report, a comprehensive summary of stakeholder and subject-matter expert feedback on BETO’s latest research, development, and

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Honeywell Technology Helping to Produce Sustainable Aviation Fuel with Lower Cost and Waste

(Honeywell)  Latest technology expands Honeywell’s portfolio of offerings to help meet growing demand for renewable jet fuel; DG Fuels to deploy new Honeywell technology in its SAF production plant --  Honeywell (Nasdaq: HON) today announced its hydrocracking technology can be used to produce

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Neste Successfully Concludes Its 1st Processing Run with Pyrolysis Oil from Discarded Tires

(Neste) Currently, car and truck tires mostly end up in landfills or incineration after they have been discarded; Pyrolysis oil derived from discarded tires was processed into high-quality raw material for chemicals and plastics at Neste’s refinery in Porvoo, Finland; Pyrolysis oil was

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Gold Hydrogen

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Recently, Cemvita launched the Gold Hydrogen program for subsurface biomanufacturing of Hydrogen, noting that “With thousands of depleted oil wells in the US and more around the world, Gold Hydrogen represents a unique opportunity to work

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Jet2.com to Use Sustainable Aviation Fuel at London Stansted Airport

(Jet2) Jet2.com has today (April 16, 2024) announced that it will use a blend of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) at London Stansted Airport in 2024, meaning the leading leisure airline will use SAF on departing flights from two UK airports in 2024,

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Illinois Research, Resources Provide Ability for Sustainable Aviation Fuel Production

by Martha Blum (AgriNews) ... Illinois has all the elements for start-up companies to build their facilities in our state,” he (Vijay Singh, founder professor in the Grainger College of Engineering at the University of Illinois) said. “You need innovation and we

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Blue Biofuels Begins Engineering and Design for Cellulosic Ethanol Project

by Blue Biofuels/EthanolProducer Magazine) In a recent development, Blue Biofuels Inc. proudly announces the commencement of an FEL 1 & 2 engineering study for a 2.4-million-gallon cellulosic ethanol facility. This endeavor is grounded in the company's innovative cellulose-to-sugar (CTS) system, which

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to the Circular Carbon Economy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Carbon is the foundation of our material world, says LanzaTech CTO Rob Conrado in these slides presented at ABLC 2024. It’s in the products we use, the planes we fly, the clothes we wear. Where our

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The Airline Industry’s Biggest Climate Challenge: A Lack of Clean Fuel

by Ben Elgin (BNN Bloomberg) ... The $200 million plant from LanzaJet Inc. will be the first to turn ethanol into a fuel compatible with jet engines. The facility is one of many efforts around the globe attempting to crack one of

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Brightmark® RNG Holdings Completes Eloy Development, Launching Renewable Natural Gas Production in the US Southwest

(Brightmark/PR Newswire) Brightmark RNG Holdings LLC announces the opening of its Eloy Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) center, which will produce RNG from dairy manure using anaerobic digestion technology. The project brings this innovative renewable fuel technology to the Southwestern US.   This development

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Futuria Fuels and DME

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Dimethyl-ether is a single molecule that can be produced from a wide range of renewable feedstocks. It can be blended with LPG and used in existing applications. It is chemically similar to propane and butane, and

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What Fits the Process

(BDI Bioenergy/Biofuels International) ... When biodiesel producers shift to waste-based material as feedstock, the first choice is often used cooking oil (UCO). The main reason is that UCO’s feedstock parameters are close enough to that of vegetable oil. The result is

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St1 and SCA’s Joint Venture Commences the Production of Renewable Fuels in Gothenburg, Sweden

(St1) The Gothenburg Biorefinery, a joint venture between St1 and SCA, has officially opened on 10 April. Inaugurated by Minister of Energy and Business Ebba Busch, the plant marks an important milestone in the journey towards more sustainable energy production. Swedish Minister

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to DG Fuels’ St. James SAF Project

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) DG Fuels is an emerging leader in renewable hydrogen and biogenic based, synthetic low emissions aviation and diesel fuel, and this deck looks at their second-generation cellulosic biofuel and their market expansion plans, whose hydrogen content

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JX to Join Forces with Sumitomo Corporation at Large Scale SAF/BECCS Project in Louisiana

(Sumitomo) JX Nippon Oil & Gas Exploration Corporation (“JX”) (President and CEO, Toshiya Nakahara) and Sumitomo Corporation (”Sumitomo”) (President and CEO, Shingo Ueno) executed consortium agreements to manage investment in the Louisiana Green Fuels BECCS (*1) project (“Project”) at Port

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DG Fuels, Johnson Matthey & bp Partner for Largest Fischer-Tropsch SAF Plant

(DG Fuels)  DG Fuels, a sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) company proposing construction of a $4 billion clean energy complex in St. James Parish, is proud to announce its collaboration with Johnson Matthey (JM) and bp in deploying Fischer Tropsch (FT) CANS™

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Nzyme2HC and Renewable H2 Production

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Renewable H2 production that requires ~40% less electricity than state-of-the-art electrolysis> That’s the promise of early-stager Nzyme2HC. As the company puts it, “The amount of electricity required to produce green H2 must be significantly reduced. We

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to OMC Thermochemistry

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Low cost green hydrogen and syngas using heat and domesitically abundant materials.  READ MORE

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Innovating SAF Production via the Power of Green Electrons

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Reverse Water-Gas Shift has long been a process converting hydrogen and carbon dioxide into a syngas for fuels production, but as the world shifts from conventional fuels to electrofuels, producers need to know that their operations

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AI is Accelerating Materials Science Discovery and Synthesis Exponentially

by Kent Goeking (LEC Partners/Biofuels Digest) One of the key barriers to the economic and technical success of many advanced energy technologies is the sub-optimum performance of critical inorganic materials used as catalysts, electrodes, dielectrics, and photovoltaics.  Oxide materials in particular,

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Sustainable Aviation Fuel technologies from Chevron Lummus Group

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digeist) Built on the strength of Chevron and Lummus technology, CLG offers innovative hydroprocessing and bottom-of-the-barrel technologies for lower carbon fuels and premium base oils, and world-class renewable fuels & circular products for the energy transition powered

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CapCO2 and Adkins Energy Are Building the Largest Green Methanol Network

by Violet George (Carbon Herald) Carbon capture company CapCO2 Solutions has teamed up with Illinois ethanol producer Adkins Energy to build what is currently the world’s largest network for green methanol.  In addition to making methanol more environmentally friendly, CapCO2 boasts the unique advantage

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Solarig to Develop One of the Most Innovative Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) Plants in the World

(Solarig) • Solarig has reached an agreement with SOMACYL (Sociedad Pública de Infraestructuras y Medio Ambiente de Castilla y León) to acquire 116,000 square metres to the project called ‘NUMANTIA SAF’ in Parque Empresarial del Medio Ambiente (PEMA) located in Soria

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PONANT and FARWIND Energy Partner to Develop Green Hydrogen Refueling Solutions

(Ponant/Farwind)  In the ongoing quest to find ways to decarbonize and thus play its part in the maritime industry’s energy transition, PONANT is collaborating with the Nantes-based startup FARWIND Energy. Under study: innovative solutions for ship refueling with renewable hydrogen. PONANT’s ship

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Avina Unveils Plans for Cutting-Edge Sustainable Aviation Fuel Plant in the Midwest, Forges Alliance for Low-Carbon Ethanol Supply

(Avina/Globe Newswire) Avina, a leading developer of clean hydrogen and derivative fuels solutions, is thrilled to announce plans for a cutting-edge Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) plant in the Midwest region set to commence operations in 2027. The facility, engineered to produce 120

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Norsk e-Fuel and Carbon Centric Sign Supply and Distribution Agreement for Biogenic and Liquid CO2

(Norsk e-Fuel) Norsk e-Fuel and Carbon Centric have entered into a landmark agreement for CO2 Supply and Distribution, where Carbon Centric will be responsible for the production and delivery of CO2 to Norsk e-Fuel's Alpha plant in Mosjøen in Northern Norway.

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Gevo Unveils Deep Dive Deck on Net-Zero 1

(Gevo) We're thrilled to unveil our newest Deep Dive Deck on Net-Zero 1.  Explore the deck now

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Biomass Magazine's Podcast Series: A Mission to Commercialize Wood to Gasoline

(Biomass Magazine) This week's Biomass Magazine podcast features Luca Pandolfi, Founder at Woodland Biomass Innovations. Interviewed by Anna Simet, editor of Biomass Magazine.  READ MORE (includes transcript)/LISTEN

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FAA Invests $27 Million on Research to Reduce Emissions and Noise

(Federal Aviation Administration)  Research teams from universities nationwide are working on a variety of aviation environmental topics including sustainable aviation fuels, aircraft emissions, and noise impacts with support from Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) grants. The FAA is awarding $27.2 million to

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PTT Studying Production of Green Methanol

(Bangkok Post/MSN)  National oil and gas conglomerate PTT Plc is considering building a green methanol production facility at an estimated cost of 3.1 billion baht to support its plan to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and produce methanol-derived fuels. Methanol is traditionally produced

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Marquis Energy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Marquis has become the first well known ethanol producer to step into the world of ethanol-to-jet in a partnership with LanzaJet. The promise and progress, milestones achieved and ahead, were presented by Marquis’ Jennifer Aurandt-Pilgrim at

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CO2 Transformed to Methanol with Sunlight on Copper Atoms

(New Energy and Fuel)  University of Nottingham researchers have successfully transformed CO2 into methanol by shining sunlight on single atoms of copper deposited on a light-activated material, a discovery that paves the way for creating new green fuels. The international team of

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Terragia Secures $6M to Develop Cost-Competitive, Low-Carbon Biofuel Technology

(Trucking News/Terragia/Business Wire)  The startup expanded its leadership team with climate tech veteran Kristin Brief joining as CEO, Lee Lynd transitions to CTO. -- Terragia Biofuel, a technology startup aiming to drive the next generation of biofuels, today announced it has raised

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Southwest Airlines Acquires SAFFiRE Renewables and Strengthens Focus on Sustainability

(Southwest Airlines) Southwest Airlines Co. (NYSE: LUV) announces the acquisition of SAFFiRE Renewables, LLC (SAFFiRE) as part of the investment portfolio of its wholly owned subsidiary Southwest Airlines Renewable Ventures, LLC (SARV). SARV is dedicated to creating more opportunities for Southwest® to obtain

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Green Jet Fuel Plant Set to Produce ‘Hundreds’ of Port Talbot Jobs

by Ben Butler (Insider Media) A multimillion-pound scheme to construct a sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) production facility, which could create hundreds of jobs in Port Talbot, looks set to receive the go-ahead. In November last year, LanzaTech UK Ltd submitted a planning application

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Simply Blue Group Diversifies to Develop Sustainable Fuels Projects

(Simply Blue Group) New sustainable fuels projects in Canada, Europe and Australia have potential to deliver over 300,000 tonnes of SAF annually  -- Simply Blue Group, a leading global offshore wind project developer, is developing onshore renewable energy parks to power

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Nu:ionic Hydrogen-Producing Microwave Reactor Achieves Commercial Threshold

(Nu:ionic/Globe Newswire)  Nu:ionic Technologies (Canada), Inc. (“Nu:ionic”) has achieved a significant product development milestone with the completion of a continuous 48-hour demonstration run of its proprietary Microwave Catalytic Reformer(TM) (MCR). This commercial scale, 100kW electrified reactor can be used in many applications

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Green Plains Begins Commissioning of the Demonstration Facility Combining Fluid Quip Technologies’ MSC ™ with Shell Fiber Conversion Technology

(Green Plains) Green Plains Inc. (NASDAQ:GPRE) today announced that it has begun commissioning of the York, Nebraska, demonstration facility combining Fluid Quip Technologies’ precision separation and processing technology (MSC™) with Shell Fiber Conversion Technology (SFCT). The new facility combines fermentation, mechanical

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Blue Biofuels Makes First Cellulosic Ethanol

(Blue Biofuels) Blue Biofuels Inc. (“BIOF”) continues to make substantial strides in advancing its Cellulose-to-Sugar (CTS) technology towards commercial scale. The company has achieved a significant milestone by successfully producing its first batch of cellulosic ethanol, utilizing the cellulosic sugars created

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Exploring the Potential of Pyrolysis Oil in Sustainable Chemical Production

by Kathy Hall (Global Petrochemicals/OPIS) 10 Questions with 245 Recycle featuring Peter Fasullo, Co-Founder and CCO, and Robert Sawchuk, Co-Founder and CEO -- In our ongoing exploration of innovative solutions for sustainable chemical production, we dive into the world of pyrolysis oil, also

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Renovare Raising $7.5 Million to Turn Landfill Waste into Renewable Biofuels

by Susan Lahey (ESG Today)  Sustainable fuels startup Renovare Fuels announced today the launch of a £6 million (USD$7.6 million) equity raise, with proceeds aimed at supporting projects to produce advanced renewable biofuels from waste. Founded in 2015, UK-based Renovare provides a technology

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Feedstock Supply Chain Analysis

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  To meet its defossilization goals, the US needs cost-effective solutions to provide conversion-ready feedstocks. A team of researchers at Idaho National Laboratory have undertaken a project to look at advanced supply system designs that utilize active

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Infinium’s Project Pathfinder Is World’s First Fully Operational eFuels Facility

(Infinium) Ultra-low carbon electrofuels now in production in North America --  Electrofuels leader Infinium is now successfully operating the world’s first commercial scale facility making drop-in ready electrofuels (eFuels) in Corpus Christi, Texas. The project, known as Project Pathfinder, is a continuously

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Net Zero Transportation, Charting a Course for Low Carbon Fuels | Knowledge Exchange Division

(CoBank)  CoBank’s Jacqui Fatka and Teri Viswanath kick off their Energy in Transition series with a video podcast, Net Transportation, Charting a Course for Low Carbon Fuels. This four-part dialogue looks at how, from farm to fuel, decarbonization demands requires radical

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Production of Hydrogen at Industrial Scale – State of the Art and Future Prospects

by Qi Chen (Lee Enterprises Consulting/Biofuels Digest)  ... Hydrogen has been produced at the industrial scale for many decades in diverse applications, see Figure 1. Traditional applications are mainly in chemical manufacturing and oil refining, with some lower volumes in

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Feedstock Preprocessing

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  A team of researchers is working to develop science-based design and operation principles informed by TEA/LCA that result in predictable, reliable, and scalable performance of preprocessing unit operations. The comminution and fractionation manuals that industry needs

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New Energy Blue Forms New Energy Chemicals to Sustainably Produce Bio-Sourced Ethylene for Carbon-Zero Jet Fuel and Dow's Renewable Plastics

(New Energy Blue/PR Newswire)  New Energy Blue, the clean-energy developer of lowest-carbon biofuel and biochemicals from crop residues, today advances its Decarbonizing America agenda by forming New Energy Chemicals. In phase one, the new biochemical subsidiary will produce American-sourced and American-made bio-based

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RYAM and Verso Energy Execute Memorandum of Understanding to Explore eSAF

(RYAM/Verso Energy/Business Wire) Rayonier Advanced Materials Inc. (NYSE:RYAM) and VERSO ENERGY have entered into a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to explore e-fuels and specifically e-SAF or Sustainable Aviation Fuel from renewable resources. As part of the MoU, the companies will explore

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Efficient Process for Green Methanol Demonstrated in Container Plant

(INERATEC) The E4MeWi research association is currently demonstrating how effectively green methanol can be produced in the future in a container plant at the Bitterfeld-Wolfen Chemical Park. Methanol is regarded as a key technology for defossilizing shipping and aviation and also

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French Tech: Sublime Energie Wants to Facilitate Agricultural Methanization

by Camille Wong (Les Echos) This mission-driven company specializes in the liquefaction of biogas from organic agricultural waste. It has just raised 11.5 million euros to manufacture fuel for mobility. -- The start-up Sublime Energie, a spin-off from Mines ParisTech, has developed

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Omani Extracts Biofuel from Mushrooms

(Oman Daily Observer)  Muscat: Zumurrud al Siyabi's project to extract biofuel from mushrooms has won the first prize in the engineering forum held at Sultan Qaboos University in Muscat recently. Her project was among 48 entries from various Arab countries. Al

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Researcher Works to Lower Cost of Hydrogen Production

(Invent Penn State) Hydrogen gas, while a potentially greener alternative to fossil fuels, is currently expensive to produce. Penn State doctoral candidate in chemical engineering Arash Emdadi and his lab mates are working to improve the hydrogen production method to make

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to an Efficient, Cost-Effective Anaerobic Digester

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) A high production cost of renewable natural gas results from slow disintegration and hydrolysis of recalcitrant feedstocks in conventional AD leads to low productivity; low methane content of biogas produced from AD requires downstream purification; and

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Advanced Pretreatment Anaerobic Digestion technology

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Energy production from sewage sludge especially at small-scale using Anaerobic Digestion typically does not produce significant value with the current available AD technology due to low Carbon Conversion Efficiency (generally less than 50%). Here a team

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Levidian Deploys Its 'LOOP' Technology to Produce Sustainable Green Hydrogen in UK

(ETN News) British technology firm Levidian is demonstrating its one-of-its kind, advanced hydrogen project that can generate truly-sustainable hydrogen energy from bio-waste in the United Kingdom. The innovative project has been conceived for the country's largest listed water company United Utilities.  Levidian and United Utilities are working to decarbonize wastewater

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Research Says Biomass Pretreatment Makes Biofuel Practical

(New Energy and Fuel) A new University of California – Riverside (UCR) study found that introducing a simple, renewable chemical to the pretreatment step can finally make next-generation biofuel production both cost-effective and carbon neutral. The first step, breaking down the plant

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TUHH Study Compares F-T and Methanol Pathways for SAF Production

(Green Car Congress)  A team at Hamburg University of Technology (TUHH) has compared the Fischer-Tropsch (FT) and methanol pathways for the production of Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) derived from renewable energy sources. The results, published in an open-access paper in the

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to the State of Advanced Biorefineries

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) In this presentation, we explored the challenges faced by advanced biorefinery developers in shifting energy towards low carbon alternatives — new processes, structuring multiple feedstocks and products within one vision, new feedstocks, the role of low

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Researchers Seek to Expand Supplies of Clean Aviation Fuels by Producing More from Agricultural Sources

by Tereza Pultarova (Horizon/Tech Xplore)  Professor David Chiaramonti is looking down at the ground to help resolve a problem up in the sky: airplanes' emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other pollutants. An expert in energy systems and power generation at the Polytechnic University of Turin

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Infinium and Amogy Team Up to Spearhead Green Ammonia and eFuels Solutions

(Infinium) Leading eFuels provider Infinium and Amogy Inc. (Amogy), a pioneer of carbon-free, energy-dense power solutions, have entered into a memorandum of understanding (MOU) to explore opportunities to integrate their technologies and develop commercial applications across the eFuels and green ammonia

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Meeting the Demand for Clean Energy

by Andre Ditsch and Ivonne G. Ruggles  (Oleo-X/Biofuels International) ... The preparation of feedstock for refineries demands a much more rigorous removal of contaminants compared to conventional food-grade processing. In 2021, Oleo-X was founded to meet the increasing demands and quality requirements of

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LanzaJet Announces $30 Million Investment from Southwest Airlines to Accelerate Company's Growth and Advance U.S. Sustainable Aviation Fuel Production

(LanzaJet/PR Newswire)  LanzaJet Plans to Support Southwest Airlines with U.S. SAF Production and with Development of Ethanol from Agriculture Residue with SAFFiRE Renewables -- LanzaJet, Inc. (LanzaJet) a leading sustainable fuels technology company and sustainable fuels producer, today announced a $30 million investment by

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Pathways to eFuels: CO2 Capture and Conversion to Liquid Products

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) CO2, the final frontier. We have, famously, too much of it, and can do too little with us for too high a cost. Yet, researchers are teasing out exciting new applications, such as a pathway to

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Shell-Backed Ethanol Firm Considers Making Sustainable Jet Fuel in Brazil

by Dayanne Sousa (BNN Bloomberg) The world’s biggest supplier of ethanol made from sugar cane is considering building a sustainable jet fuel plant in its home country of Brazil. “We truly believe that there is a structural advantage to producing in Brazil,”

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International Airlines Group Inks 14-year Twelve eSAF Deal, Jumpstarting Era of Fuels Made from CO2, Water

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) International Airlines Group announced a fourteen-year contract with Twelve to supply IAG with 785,000 tonnes* of e-SAF, made from made from CO2, water and renewable energy, to support five European airlines — British Airways, Iberia, Aer

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EE North America and Montauk Renewables Forge Groundbreaking Agreement for Biogenic Carbon Dioxide Delivery

(Montauk Renewables) Montauk and EE North America Forge Path to a Greener Future through CO2 Solutions, Aiming to Transform Environmental Pledges into Tangible Clean Energy Realities.  – In a pivotal move towards sustainable energy solutions, EE North America (“EENA”) and Montauk Renewables,

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Kore Infrastructure

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Kore’s carbon negative pyrolysis process represents a paradigm shift, offering businesses an environmentally and economically sustainable way to convert organic waste into renewable energy. This means more incentives to decarbonize, fewer landfills and incinerators, permanent carbon sequestration, and measurable

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Nanoscale Research Might Help Convert CO2 Waste into Usable Products

by Wade Hemsworth (Brighter World) Think of it as recycling on the nanoscale: a tantalizing electrochemical process harvests carbon before it becomes air pollution and restructures it into the components of everyday products. The drive to capture airborne carbon dioxide from industrial

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to the State of Renewable Natural Gas and Biogas

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) In this presentation, we explored the challenges faced by global RNG and biogas producers in shifting energy towards low carbon alternatives — new processes, advances in AD yields, new feedstocks, the role of low carbon standards,the

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ATU and Trinity Team up to Boost Hydrogen Production

by Leigh Mc Gowran (Silicone Republic) The Nano2H2 project aims to create new materials that can improve hydrogen production and reduce waste. A new research project aims to support Ireland’s transition to a circular economy by reducing waste and boosting hydrogen production. The

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Kvasir Technologies Secures EUR 3 Million Investment from The Footprint Firm and EIFO

(Kvasir Technologies)  Kvasir Technologies, a Danish pioneer in sustainable biofuel development, announces a significant milestone in its journey toward carbon-neutral energy solutions. The company has successfully closed a seed extension, securing substantial investments from sustainability advisory and impact investor The Footprint

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Praj Industries and Leveraging Bioeconomy for Sustainable Future

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) The eminent danger of climate change, Praj’s Expertise and Readiness for Sustainable Future, opportunities with the Multi-feed and Multi-product Biorefinery Complex, and the Collective Efforts Toward Sustainable Future represented by the new Global Biofuels Alliance. These

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Biomass Feedstock National User Facility Capabilities for MSW to SAF

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The Biomass Feedstock National User Facility (BFNUF) offers technology and expertise to help the U.S. bioenergy industry overcome biomass challenges during scale up and integration of biomass preprocessing facilities. The BFNUF is a congressionally designated, national

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Proposed Louisiana Green Fuels Project Pivots to SAF

(Sumitomo Corporation of Americas/SAF Magazine)  Strategic Biofuels, the leader in developing deeply negative carbon footprint renewable fuel plants, and Sumitomo Corporation of Americas (SCOA), a subsidiary of Sumitomo Corp., a leading Fortune 500 global trading and business investment company dedicated to

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Virent

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In this presentation we looked at how Virent feedstock flexibility allows the use of commercially available sugars today, with the prospect of cellulosic sugars when commercially available and also the scalability of the technology, the opportunities

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The Pamplona Bioeconomy: Watch out, the Bulls Are Running

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) The bioeconomy is on fire, and three tales reveal the extent to which the bulls are running. One in RNG, one in industrial furnaces, one in integrated cellulosic biorefining.  ... Hot RNG From Illinois comes word that Ameresco has

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New Research Pathway Uses Renewable Electricity to Produce Formic Acid from Carbon Dioxide

(U.S. Department of Energy)  This technology was developed in the BETO-funded CO2RUe consortium mission and can be used to produce sustainable aviation fuel.  -- Identifying routes to efficiently convert carbon dioxide (CO2) to an intermediate chemical which can be further upgraded to

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Safran Invests in Avnos, at the Forefront of Innovation in CO2 Capture

(Safran)  Safran, through Safran Corporate Ventures, has invested in Avnos Inc., a California-based startup specializing in CO2 capture from ambient air in a process called Direct Air Capture (DAC). The other investors in this funding round are NextEra Energy Resources, LLC, Shell

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Japan Firm to Turn Construction Waste into Green Jet Fuel Material

by Hirofumi Hasebe (Nikkei Asia) Cardboard maker Rengo plans $133m investment in ethanol production for SAF  --  Japanese cardboard maker Rengo will start producing a raw material for sustainable aviation fuels (SAF), using construction waste in 2027, Nikkei has learned. Rengo plans to invest approximately

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to the State of Renewable Chemicals and Materials

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) In this presentation, we explored the challenges faced by global renewable chemical and materials producers in shifting towards low carbon alternatives — new processes, novel molecules with enhanced properties  for green hydrogen, Methanol, plant-based meats

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India in Talks with Germany for Technology Collaborations in Biofuel Sector, Says IBA’s Gaurav Kedia

 by Shubhangi Mathur (Moneycontrol/The Election Budget) The government is looking at technologies from Germany to process feedstock such as paddy straw and municipal solid waste, said Gaurav Kedia, Chairman of Indian Biogas Association (IBA).  India is working to accelerate collaborations with Germany for

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Green Methanol: A Carbon Dioxide Pipeline Alternative?

by Jared Strong (Iowa Capital Dispatch) ... CapCO2 Solutions is nearing completion of its first “green methanol” project at an ethanol plant in Illinois. The company hopes that a successful launch there this summer will lead ethanol producers in Iowa to

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Singapore Start-up Green COP Poised to Establish Pilot Biofuels Plant with Funding

(Manifold Times) Firm garnered substantial funding from a curated group of angel investors including corporate investor Ken Energy; to establish a sustainable biofuels pilot plant with a daily production capacity of 1 tonne. ... In a noteworthy development soon to be announced, Green

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Virent

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Marathon Petroleum subsidiary Virent developed its BioForming technology to create fuels and chemicals from a wide range of naturally occurring, renewable resources. And now they’ve teamed up with Johnson Matthey to bring to market Virent’s proprietary

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Wisconsin Researchers Investigate Role of Biofuels in Renewable Energy Future

by Annalise Sommer (Badger Herald) Biofuels offer sustainable, economical energy option for Wisconsin communities, farmers -- The Wisconsin Energy Institute is researching methods to convert biological matter into fuel and plastics, with intentions to replace fossil fuels. Biofuels are created using biological material to

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to LanzaTech

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Since 2005, LanzaTech has been working to create this closed-loop system using waste carbon to make the things we use in our daily lives. LanzaTech is changing how people think about carbon, creating value and new

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WGS 2024: Dubai Inks MoU with Global Companies to Produce SAF

(Gulf Business)  Dubai Municipality, which leads the project, has partnered with ENOC, BESIX Middle East, and Marubeni Middle East and Africa Power -- In a landmark move, Dubai Municipality has partnered with leading global companies to create a project that transforms waste

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Cementos Argos to Use Microalgae for Carbon Capture

(Global Cement) Cementos Argos has partnered with Ecopetrol, EAFIT and the University of Antioquia to develop a method of carbon capture using microalgae that also produces useable biomass. The partners will process this biomass into biocrude, with similar properties to fuel

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GH2 Project Converts Ethanol Into Green Hydrogen and Valuable Acetal

(Hydrogen Central)  GH2 Project Converts Ethanol Into Green Hydrogen and Valuable Acetal. -- The Horizon Europe-funded GH2 Project estimated that the generation of one kilogram of green hydrogen from 87 litres of ethanol can also yield 72 litres of acetal. Researchers working on the project

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Cielo Provides Update on Continued Progress and Milestones Achieved to Advance Carseland Bio-SynDiesel® Project

(Cielo)  Cielo Waste Solutions Corp. (TSXV: CMC; OTC: CWSFF) (“Cielo” or the “Company”), a renewable fuel company leveraging environmental technology to produce renewable fuel from wood by-products, is pleased to share an update on its Carseland, Alberta Bio-SynDiesel® Project (the “Carseland

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Velocys Secures US$40MM of Growth Capital and Begins New Chapter as a Private Sustainable Aviation Fuel Technology Company

(Velocys) Velocys, a leading sustainable aviation fuel (“SAF”) technology company, announces that it has begun a new chapter following the completion of its take-private on 18 January 2024. As part of the transaction, a new consortium of growth investors, including Carbon

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Frederick's February Climate Summit Debrief

by Justin McPherson* (Advanced Biofuels USA) Perfectly aligned with the tradition of First Saturday in Frederick Maryland, this month Mobilize Frederick hosted its 2nd Annual Climate Summit on the beautifully manicured campus of Hood College. Justin McPherson explains renewable fuels to  visitors

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Omani Innovator Receives Gold Medal at International Exhibition for Groundbreaking Biofuel Project

(The Arabian Stories) Hajar bint Khamis bin Khalaf Al-Azriya has secured the gold medal with honours at the 14th International Exhibition of Inventions held in Kuwait. ...  Hajar’s project revolves around the innovative idea of converting wasted animal healthcare materials into biofuel, specifically

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Tecnimont (MAIRE) Awarded a Front-End-Engineering Design for an Integrated Green Hydrogen and Ammonia Plant in Portugal

(Tecnimont (MAIRE)) Tecnimont will carry out FEED and will submit an EPC proposal for a large-scale plant that will produce green hydrogen and green ammonia from dedicated renewable energy; The scope of work includes electrolyzers’ integration, air separation unit for nitrogen production,

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HNO International Spearheads Scalable Hydrogen Energy Platform (SHEP™) to Pioneer Green Hydrogen Production in 2024

(HNO International/PR Newswire) In a historic collaboration, HNO International, Inc. (OTC: HNOI) is leading a groundbreaking initiative alongside Element One Energy and Pneumatic and Hydraulic Company (PHC). Together, they are set to develop the world's first 500 kg per day green hydrogen production facility in Houston, Texas. The

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CSIR-NIIST Transfers Process to Make Key Enzyme for Biofuel for Commercial Use

(Hans India) The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) has transferred, for commercial use, the process for production of beta glucosidase enzyme, used to manufacture biofuels, a statement said.  READ MORE Related articles CSIR-NIIST transfers process to make key enzyme for biofuel

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BASF and Envision Energy Enter a Collaboration to Drive Sustainable Energy Solutions

(BASF)  Collaboration to accelerate conversion of green hydrogen and CO2 to e-methanol; BASF’s new SYNSPIRETM catalyst technology to be combined with Envision Energy’s process package; E-methanol holds significant potential as sustainable energy carrier replacing fossil fuels in various industries BASF process catalysts,

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MagLab Collaborates on Sustainable Jet Fuel Research

(National High Magnetic Field Laboratory)  Fuel made from corn harvest waste would reduce greenhouse emissions by 70%. -- Agricultural leftovers could someday help power your air travel. Scientists at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory are helping to study the feasibility of turning

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Aether Fuels and GTI Energy Announce Partnership and Exclusive Licensing Deal to Accelerate Commercialization of Sustainable Fuels for Aviation and Ocean Shipping

(Aether Fuels/GTI Energy/Globe Newswire) Aether Fuels (Aether) and GTI Energy today announced a partnership and global exclusive licensing agreement to commercialize a scalable and economical solution to produce sustainable fuels from low-value and abundant waste streams. The fuels will help aviation and ocean shipping

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Microbial Division of Labor Produces Higher Biofuel Yields

by Diana Yates (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign/Phys.Org) Scientists have found a way to boost ethanol production via yeast fermentation, a standard method for converting plant sugars into biofuels. Their approach, detailed in the journal Nature Communications, relies on careful timing and a tight

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BASF and Envision Energy Enter a Collaboration to Drive Sustainable Energy Solutions

(BASF and Envision Energy)  Collaboration to accelerate conversion of green hydrogen and CO2 to e-methanol; BASF’s new SYNSPIRETM catalyst technology to be combined with Envision Energy’s process package; E-methanol holds significant potential as sustainable energy carrier replacing fossil fuels in various industries BASF process catalysts, a leading

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Uniper and Jämtkraft to Develop NorthStarH2

by Alan Sherrard  (Bioenergy International) In Sweden, municipal energy company Jämtkraft AB and Uniper Sweden, part of Germany-headed international energy major Uniper SE have signed an agreement to develop NorthStarH2, a carbon capture and utilization (CCU) electro-fuel (eFuel) project in

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Lhyfe and SAF+ International Group Ink MoU

(Bioenergy International) France-headed Lhyfe, a pioneer in the production of green and renewable hydrogen, and Canada-headed SAF+ International Group (SAF+), a world leader in the production and marketing of electro-sustainable aviation fuel (eSAF), have signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to

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Circular Economy, Energy and the Environment

by Jerry Murphy (MaREAI/Science in Society)  MaREI Director Professor Jerry Murphy presented a lecture in the Science in Society Public Lecture Series entitled “Circular Economy, Energy and the Environment” on Thursday 1st February. In this lecture, Prof Murphy explained a series of

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Enerkem

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Enerkem is the first company in the world to produce renewable methanol and ethanol from non-recyclable, non-compostable municipal solid waste at full commercial scale. The company’s solution replaces the use of fossil sources like petroleum and

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China Achieves Mass Production of Sustainable Aviation Fuel

(CGTN)  A Chinese company has developed a sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) which will soon enter the commercial market, according to Science and Technology Daily. SAF is a new type of aviation fuel that blends bio-manufactured green jet fuel with traditional fuel. It

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Understanding Nutrient Cycling between Algae and Bacteria Could Lead to Increased Biofuel Production

(Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory/Phys.Org)  The interactions between algae and bacteria are essential to the primary productivity of Earth's oceans and surface waters. Bacteria can increase the productivity of algae by producing key factors, such as vitamins, iron-chelating molecules, and growth hormones.

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New EU-funded FUELGAE Project Aims to Resurrect Algae as a Promising Source for Aviation Biofuels

by Christopher Surgenor (GreenAir Online) Over a decade ago, algae was seen as a very promising biomass for producing jet biofuel and a number of high-profile startups attracted big-name investors. In 2009, Continental Airlines flew the United States’ first-ever commercial jet

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University of Sheffield a Key Partner in Two New Direct Air Capture SAF Programmes

by Tony Harrington (GreenAir Online) The University of Sheffield in the UK has become a key partner in two new programmes supporting the production of sustainable aviation fuel from air-captured carbon dioxide. A mobile Direct Air Capture (DAC) plant developed by

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BioAdvance Invests 22 Million in Biofuels Factory in Figueira da Foz

by Antonio Larguesa (Eco Sapo (Google Translation)) Company led by Paulo Gaspar builds one of the largest European advanced biofuel units in the Port of Figueira da Foz. It has already reserved land and 50 million for second generation ethanol. -- n industrial investment

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S-OIL to Produce Bio-Based, Low-Carbon, Eco-friendly Products

(S-Oil) ● S-OIL has begun to introduce bio-based feedstocks, including used cooking oil and the byproducts of the palm oil, to produce low-carbon fuels such as sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), a first for a refiner in Korea. ● It will produce eco-friendly

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Enerkem to Retire Its Edmonton Biofuels Facility

(Enerkem)  After reaching its objectives, the Enerkem Alberta Biofuels plant will begin to wind down operations as of today (January 30, 2024).  --  Enerkem announced today that it will be retiring its Enerkem Alberta Biofuels (EAB) plant in Edmonton. The EAB facility achieved

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Mercurius

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Reaching high is something Mercurius is familiar with, especially with their REACH technology. Standing for renewable, acid-hydrolysis, condensation, hydrotreating, their REACH technology works at low temperature, low pressure and enzyme free. Drop-in hydrocarbon jet fuel and

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thermocellum cloud point clover cmelina CNG Conversion kit co co-generation co-location Co-op Extension co-operative co-processing co-products CO2 Electrolysis CO2 neutral fuels CO2Removal Certificates (CORCs) coal Coal and Biomass to Liquid (CBTL) Coast Guard coastal habitat conservation coastal hay cobalt cock's foot coco coco methyl ester (CME) cocoa Coconut coffee coffee cherries coffee grounds coffee pulp cold flow cold-tolerance college/university Colombia Colorado combined heat and power (CHP) Comment Request commercial flights commercialization commissioning commo Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) commodity trading common reed Community activity community college Community involvement/engagement community scale Community Wood Energy Program competition compliance compliance credits compost Compressed Natural Gas (CNG/R-CNG/bioCNG) compression ratios compression-ignition engine computer simulation concrete condensate Congo Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Connecticut Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP) construction and demolition waste/debris consumer education contamination contest contrails conversion technology Cook Islands cook stoves cooking fuel cooperatives COP21 COP22 COP23 COP24 COP25 COP26 COP27 COP28 COP29 COP30 copper coppice cordgrass corn bran Corn cobs corn ethanol corn fiber corn growers corn harvest corn kernel corn meal corn oil corn oil/distillers corn oil (DCO) corn prices corn stalks corn stover corn supply corn surplus corn syrup corn-based products corn/maize Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards corporate social responsibility corrosion corruption CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) cosmetics Costa Rica cotton cotton seed hulls cotton seed oil cotton stalk cottonwood Council on Environmental Quality county cover crops cow rumen cracking Crambe crassulacean acid metabolism plants (CAM) crimes criteria pollutants Croatia crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude oil Cuba cup plant cuphea currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cusi cutworm caterpillars cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) cylindro Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs d-5 D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D20 (20%DME) D5 (5%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA date kernel oil date palm date palm pits date palm waste Dates DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act deficit definitions deforestation defossilization Dehydration Delaware DeltaWing demonstration demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify density Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security Department of Justice Department of Labor Department of the Interior Department of Transportation (DOT) depolymerization depots dextrose dfdsffsfdfsf diatoms diesel Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) diesel fuel blendstock diesel prices Diesel R5 diesel with renewables diesel-range hydrocarbons diesel-to-biodiesel conversion diethyl ether digital Digital Biology diisobutylene (DIB) dilute acid hydrolysis pretreatment DIN 51605 DIN EN 15376 (Ethanol blending component) direct air capture direct injection direct ocean capture Direct Sugar to Hydrocarbon Conversion (DSHC) direct-to-fuel directed evolution dispense distillates distillation distilled biodiesel distilled palm methyl ester (DPME) distilleries distributed/centralized distribution distribution capacity distribution waiver diversification divestment DME/rDME (dimethyl ether)/renewable DME DMF (2.5-dimethylfuran) Dominican Republic double cropping drawdown Drones/Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) drop-in biofuels/hydrocarbons drought drought tolerant drought-resistant dry ice dual cropping Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E100 E100 conversion kit E11 E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E2 E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E3 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E70 diesel E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency egg shell Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric Vehicle (EV) Prices electric grid electricity electricity price electricity/power generation electricity/power transmission electrocatalysis electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels (e-fuels) electrofuels (e-fuels) prices electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) electrons Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants embargo eminent domain emissions emissions standards EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 EN 228 EN 590 EN228 (standard pump gasoline) end user end-of-life Endangered Species Act (ESA) Energy Bill energy cane energy consumption energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy prices energy reserves Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine Development engine problems Engine/Fuel Co-optimization engineering England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment environmental impact study (EIS) environmental justice/socially inclusive environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Environmentalists Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic depolymerization enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling Enzyme solicitation enzymes EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) Equatorial Guinea equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) etha ethane ethanol ethanol benefits ethanol blend wall ethanol blended diesel ED ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol emissions ethanol ether diesel fuel ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol to gas ethanol tolerance ethanol-fueled aircraft Ethanol-to-Gasoline (ETG) ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/diesel ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethyl levulinate (EL) ethylbenzene ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order executive order--state Extended Range Electric Vehicle (EREV) externalities extremophiles f F Factor F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farmers farming farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation Feedstocks fermentation ferry fertilizer fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) Fischer-Tropsch/FT fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources Forest Service forestry forklifts Formate formic acid fossil carbon fossil fuel Frace fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud free fatty acids (FFA) Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon gallium Gambia games gas prices gas tax/highway user fee gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gasoline-range hydrocarbons Gemany General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Gerrmany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) Intensity giant cane giant kelp Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect Global South global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grain sorghum/milo grain speculators grains GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery green/black economy Greenland GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Guinea Bissau Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP gypsum h Haiti Halophytes harvest site processing harvesting Hawai'i hay hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ HDO-SAK (hydro deoxygenated synthetic aromatic kerosene) health health benefits health effects heat of combustion heat of vaporization heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) high octane low carbon (HOLC) fuel High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 HVO20 HVO30 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrid ships hybrids hydrocarbon fuels Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydroformylation hydrogen aircraft hydrogen carrier hydrogen combustion engines hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen leaks hydrogen pipeline hydrogen pumps/fueling stations hydrogen tax credit hydrogen terminal Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Price hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogenolysis hydropower Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal gasification hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois Illiois illuppai ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indian beech tree Indian grass Indiana indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial burners industrial ethanol industrial gases industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated biorefineries integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine (ICE) internal combustion engine (ICE)/gasoline engine ban International international balance of payments International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Sustainability and Carbon Certification model(ISCC) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit Invvesting ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron iron oxide IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isobutylene isomerisation isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica jamelão Japan jatobá Jatropha Jersey Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 jet B Jetfuel (Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs Joint Office of Energy and Transportation jojoba Jordan JP-10 JP-4 JP-5/NATO F-44 JP-8/NATO F-34 juniper Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kalanchoe kamani Kans grass Kansas Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati knotweed Knowledge Discovery Framework Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kulpa kusum Kuwait Kygryzstan labels labor policy Labrador lactic acid lactose Lake County lamp oil land ownership land prices land rights land subsidence land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy landfill methane Landfills landscape Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead Leadtree leaf ant Lebanon lecithin legislation Legislation-Federal Legislation-State lemna lend-lease Lesotho lesquerella leucaena levulinic acid Liberia Libya licensing lichens life cycle analysis (LCA) light rail lignin Lignin Ethanol Oil (LEO) Lignocellulosic Biofuel lignocellulosic sugars lime Lipid liquefaction liquid liquid petroleum gas (LPG) liquid transportation fuels liquidation Liquified Biogas (LBG) Liquified Biogas (LBG) pumps liquified biomethane (LBM) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logistics long-term contracts Louis Louisiana low c low carbon emissions low carbon octane standard (LCOS) Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel low sulfur fuel low sulfur marine fuel lubricants lumber mill Luxembourg lysis M100 M15 M3 M50 ma macadamia macauba Macedonia machine learning machinery macororo Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona management changes mandates mangaba manganese mango mangrove Manitoba mannose manure maple maps marginal land marine algae Marine Corps Marine Diesel Oil (MDO) Marine Fuel Oil Marine Gas Oil (MGO) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) price Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel Terminal Marine/maritime renewable fuel terminal/bunkering market forces market share marketing markets/sales Mars Marshall Islands Maryland Masdar Institute mass balance standard Massachusetts Master Limited Partnership (MLP) Mauritania Mauritius Mazda meat mechanics training medical waste MEEC membranes mergers and acquisitions mesquite methanation methane leaks methane/biomethane methanization methanol benefits methanol fuel cells methanol price Methanol-to-Jet (MTJ-SPK) Methanol/Biomethanol/Renewable Methanol methylbutenol Mexico Michelin GreenX Challenge Michigan micro-crop microalgae microbial electrosynthesis microbiology microorganisms/microbes microwave Mid-Atlantic Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military reserves military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels milk permeate millennium fruit millet millettia pinnata milo stover mineralization minerals mining Minn Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold molinia molybdenum MON (Motor Octane Number) Monaco Mongolia mongongo monitoring/measuring reporting verifiction (MRV) Montana Montenegro moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles motors MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES2014 MOVES3 (MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator model) Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed mvr Myanmar n-butanol n-butene nahar Namibia nano nano particles nanocatalysts 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Nevada New Brunswick new fuel approval New Guinea New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New South Wales New York New Zealand Newfoundland Newfoundland and Labrador next generation biofuels next generation vehicles NHRA drag racing Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrogen starvation nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota North Korea Northeast northern catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory Northwest Territories Norwary Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds nuclear Nunavut nut shells nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition oak oat hulls oat straw oats Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) Office of Science Technology and Policy (OSTP) Offices of Inspector Generals offtake agreements Ohio oil oil embargo oil exploration oil monopoly oil p oil price parity oil prices oil production oil refineries oil replacement oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil speculators oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes oil/gas terminals Oils Oklahoma olefins oligomerization olive cake olive oil olive pits olive pomace olive water olives Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm ammonia production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing on-site hydrogen production one p one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontaio Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) open fuel standard open pond opportunity zones optimized flex fuel vehicles orange peel orchard grass orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) osage orange OSHA Overseas Private Investment Corporation overview overview/survey course owa oxygen oxygenate ozone Pakistan Palau palm palm biomass palm fatty acid distillate palm fiber palm fronds palm kernel palm kernel oil palm kernel shell palm oil Palm Oil Methyl Ester (PME) palm oil mill effluent (POME) palm oil prices palm trunk sap palm waste Paludiculture/peatland cultivation Panama pandas panic grass papaya paper Papua Indonesia Papua New Guinea paraffins Paraguay Paris Agreement parity partial waiver particulates pasture land Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) patents pathways Paulownia paulownia tree payments peach shell peaches peak oil peak oil demand peanuts/groundnuts peas pectin peela kaner pellet pellets Pennsylvania pennycress/stinkweed pentane pentanol pentose pequi perennial grains perennial grasses Performance permitting Peru pest-tolerance pesticide-tolerance pests pet food petition petroleum pharmaceuticals phase separation Philippines phosphorus photobioreactor photoelectrocatalysis 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RNG tax credit roadmap rocket fuel Romania RON (Research Octane Number) rosin rotation crops Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials (RSB) royalties RP-1 RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber rubber seeds rumen ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Rural Renewable Energy Pilot Program rushes Russia Russian olive rutabaga Rwanda ry rye Rye grass rye straw s saccharification SAF pipeline SAF10 SAF30 SAF40 SAFc (Sustainable Aviation Fuel certificates) Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower sago pond weed SAIC sal tree Salicornia salt water salt-tolerant saltbush saltcedar Samoa Sanctions Santa Monica sardine oil Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Advisory Board (SAB) Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) Science Policy scooters Scotland scum sea level rise seaports seashore mallow seawater seaweed cultivation Seaweed/Macroalgae 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