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DOE Announces $1.2 Million to Accelerate America's Carbon Dioxide Removal Industry

(U.S. Department of Energy) Twenty-four Semifinalists Selected for DOE Historic Carbon Dioxide Removal Purchase Prize Will Create a Just and Sustainable Framework for Scalable Carbon Management and Help Develop a Carbon Dioxide Purchasing Market to Encourage Technology Innovation -- As part of

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Ground-Breaking Hydrogen and Bio-Methanol Collaboration Ready for Global Giant Markets

(Norwegian Hydrogen) Ålesund-based Glocal Green and Norwegian Hydrogen have entered into a collaboration agreement on large-scale production of what is also known as bio-e-methanol. -- While Glocal Green is focusing on the possibilities within bio-methanol as its contribution to the green shift,

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Fulcrum BioEnergy Abandons Trash-to-Fuel Plant in Nevada

by Craig Bettenhausen (Chemical & Engineering News) The waste gasification start-up abruptly laid off most staff in mid-May --In a blow to the idea of turning municipal waste into fuels and chemicals, the start-up Fulcrum BioEnergy laid off most of its

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Blue Hydrogen

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) If designed cars are a thing, why can’t designer hydrogen be a thing? So asks Terry Mazanec of LEC Partners in this ABLC 2024 presentation. He notes that clean hydrogen represents just 0.7 percent of global

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Commission Kick-Starts Work on a New Pilot Mechanism to Boost the Hydrogen Market

(European Commission) Today (June 3, 2024), the Commission is taking further steps to support the development of the European hydrogen market by launching work on a pilot mechanism. The new mechanism was created under the recently-adopted decarbonised gases and hydrogen package, and aims to accelerate investments by

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ACWA Power and Tunisian Government Sign MOU for Major Green Hydrogen Project

(ACWA Power)  - ACWA Power to explore the development of major green hydrogen project with a first phase of a capacity of 200,000 tonnes per year powered by 4GW of renewable energy.   - Tunisia is envisioned as a central node for green hydrogen

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Aether Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) In this presentation from ABLC 2024, Aether Fuels CEO COnor Madigan outlined a goal to develop the lowest cost, highest yield, and most feedstock flexible platform for sustainable hydrocarbons, incubated by Xora Innovation is an early-stage

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Vast Receives Planning Consent for CSP-powered Solar Methanol Project in Port Augusta

(Vast)  Vast (Vast Renewables Limited) (Nasdaq: VSTE), a renewable energy company specialising in concentrated solar thermal power (CSP) energy systems that generate zero-carbon, utility-scale electricity and industrial process heat, has received planning consent for Solar Methanol 1 (SM1), a CSP-powered reference

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Delays in California's LCFS Revisions Are an Opportunity to Improve

by Nikita Pavelnko (International Council on Clean Transportation)  Earlier this year, the California Air Resources Board (CARB) postponed a hearing and vote to finalize revisions to its Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) until the Friday after the 2024 U.S. elections in November. The vote had

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Waste-to-Fuel Company that Raised $1 Billion Verges on Collapse

by Ben Elgin (Bloomberg)  Fulcrum BioEnergy, which aimed to turn household waste into clean fuel for planes and trucks, laid off scores of employees in mid-May. Fulcrum BioEnergy, a clean-fuels pioneer that raised more than $1 billion to turn household waste into lower-emitting fuels for planes and trucks,

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Sohar Port Receives First Shipment of Biofuel for Use in Marine Tug Operations

(Times of Oman)  Sohar Port received the first shipment of biofuel to begin the experimental phase of using this fuel in tug and barge operations in cooperation with “Svitzer” Company, “Woqod” Company, and “Hormuz Marine” Company. Through these operations, the Port of

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Consortium Signs MoU for the Development of a Green Methanol Facility in Egypt

(AD Ports Group) AD Ports Group (ADX: ADPORTS), a facilitator of global trade, logistics and industry, Transmar, a leading container shipping line and terminal operator in the MENA region, and Orascom Construction, a leading global engineering and construction contractor with a

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IRS Gives 45Z Registration Guidance: New IRS Guidance Urges Biofuel Producers to Register for 45Z Tax Credit by July

by Todd Neeley (DTN Progressive Farmer) The IRS released guidance on Friday (May 31, 2024) on how to register for the 45Z Clean Fuel Production Credit, including a list of feedstocks that could qualify for the $1-per-gallon credit. The 45Z credit takes

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Argus Launches Global Biofuels and Feedstocks Freight Assessments

(Argus Media/PR Newswire) Growing liquidity fosters greater price transparency -- Global energy and commodity price reporting agency Argus is launching today freight rates for biofuels and biofuels feedstocks in response to growing demand for price transparency in the energy transition fuel supply chain. Regulatory

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Homes Heated by Human Sewage Could Be a Reality Thanks to Aston University

(Aston University/EurekAlert!) Project to transform sewage sludge into clean water and energy awarded a share of £4.5 million by Ofwat; Involves extracting energy from the waste produced during sewage and water treatment; Gases obtained can be used to power engines or heat people’s

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ONGC and EverEnviro form JV to Set up Biogas Plants across India

(greentechlead)  ONGC and EverEnviro Resource Management, a developer of compressed biogas (RNG) in India, have formed a 50-50 joint venture (JV) to set up 10 Compressed Biogas (CBG) plants across India. These plants are expected to reduce India’s reliance on imported gas

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TerraX srl and SWEN CAPITAL PARTNERS Invest More than 100M€ in Biomethane Projects in Italy

(European Biogas Association)  TerraX srl, the leading Italian developer of renewable gas projects, and the SWEN Impact Fund for Transition managed by SWEN Capital Partners, announce the creation of a joint entity to invest in Italy in the biomethane sector. TerraX is led

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Gas Networks Ireland to Connect New €63m Bia Energy Biomethane Plant Directly to Its Network

(Gas Networks) Partnership with Bia Energy will be the first direct entry point for renewable biomethane in the greater Dublin area -- Gas Networks Ireland and Bia Energy have agreed a significant partnership to enable renewable biomethane gas from the Bia Energy

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Japan's Kakuyasu to Collect Used Cooking Oil for SAF

by Fayaz Hussain (Avfoil) Japanese firm Kakuyasu, operating in the alcohol, beverages and food segment, announced initiative to recycle waste cooking oil from households and restaurants for sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) production. The initiative will collect waste cooking oil at Kakuyasu sites

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Yes, Biofuels Have a Role in Decarbonizing CT

by  Jamie Densmore and Stephen Dodge (CT Mirror/ Densmore Oil/Clean Fuels Alliance America)  Recent CT Viewpoints in favor of widespread heat pump deployment needlessly paint an inaccurate picture of renewable biofuels and their potential to decarbonize hundreds of thousands of Connecticut homes alongside other strategies,

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Renewable Diesel Production Surpasses Biodiesel

(U.S. Department of Agriculture) The U.S. Renewable Fuel Standard, a program that originated in the mid-2000s, mandates that a specific volume of certain biofuels be used each year in transportation fuel. One category of biofuels included in this mandate is biomass-based

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Avfuel Expands SAF Supply to France

(Avfuel) Avfuel Corporation—one of business aviation’s leading suppliers of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF)—marks a new milestone in its SAF supply journey, expanding its supply globally to three French airports. With SAF supply agreements at Paris Le Bourget Airport (LBG), Bordeaux-Mérignac Airport

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Veolia, Waga Energy and ENGIE Join Forces to Contribute to the Development of the Renewewable Natural Gas Industry in France

(ENGIE) With the growing need to develop local, low-carbon energies, Veolia, a leader in bioenergies, and Waga Energy, a global expert in the production of Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) from landfills, and ENGIE, a world leader in low-carbon energy and services,

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GPS Renewables Partners with Dubai-Based SAF One to Develop Sustainable Aviation Fuel Projects in India

(SAF One) GPS Renewables, India’s premier Full Stack Technology & Engineering company dedicated to clean fuels, has partnered with Dubai-based SAF One, a platform focused on the development of global sustainable aviation fuel solutions,  for the construction and development of

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GTT Strategic Ventures Invests in Energo, the Technological Expert in the Production of Synthetic Molecules Using Plasma Catalysis

(GTT Group) GTT Strategic Ventures, the investment fund of the GTT Group, announces that it has participated in a €16.5 million financing round to support the development of Energo, the French technology expert in the production of synthetic molecules using plasma

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U.S. Department of Energy Announces Four Additional Projects to Help Industry Address Bioenergy and Bioproduct Challenges

(U.S. Department of Energy)  The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) awarded $2.18 million in funding to four additional projects as part of the Feedstock-Conversion Interface Consortium (FCIC) 2023 Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) call. Funded and led by BETO, the

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Conversion of Organic Waste to Sustainable Aviation Fuel via Carboxylic Acids

(ChemCatBio)  This study demonstrates conversion of organic waste to sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) using microbial conversion followed by catalytic upgrading. Carboxylic acids produced by microbes are upgraded to SAF over commercially available catalysts. This research reports a catalytic process to convert waste

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Focus: Chinese Firms Invest in 'Green' Jet Fuel, Anticipating Blending Rule

by Chen Aizhu (Reuters) First SAF plants able to produce over 1 mln t/y by end-2025; Industry awaits SAF mandate for 2030, likely 2%-5% of fuel mix; Plants process used cooking oil; to cut into China UCO exports; Plants eye exports initially, in talks

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Green Methanol and Ammonia Fuel Supply Dynamics

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) A new report by the Global Maritime Forum and RMI (founded as the Rocky Mountain Institute), under Mission Innovation’s umbrella, outlines strategies for ports to become first movers in providing green methanol and ammonia bunkering.  Part

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India Elections: Policy Incentives in Spotlight to Drive Biofuels Transition

by Sampad Nandy, Samyak Pandey, and Aditya Kondalamahanty (S&P Global)  Focused policy needed to boost biodiesel production; Compressed biogas competes for feedstocks with other biofuels; SAF demand limited from cost-sensitive domestic airlines -- India has been actively exploring various forms of biofuels to accelerate

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Arnhem to Host First e-Methanol System in Benelux

by Alan Sherrard  (Bioenergy International) In the Netherlands, a consortium with Bright Renewables and HyGear, both part of the HoSt Group, and the University of Twente are set to construct Benelux's first electro-methanol (e-methanol) system. The joint project, "Towards Acceleration and Demonstration of

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Collaboration between Port of Rotterdam Authority and Rotterdam The Hague Airport for More Sustainable Aviation Fuel

(Port of Rotterdam)  On the first day of the World Hydrogen Summit in Ahoy Rotterdam, Rotterdam The Hague Airport and the Port of Rotterdam Authority signed a letter of intent for the further development of supply chains for sustainable fuels, such

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How Cow Manure Is Fueling a Biogas Revolution

byMax Perez (Impakter)  Pioneering a circular bioeconomy, Mexican startup Sistema.bio empowers farmers worldwide to transform manure into clean energy, biofertilizers, and a sustainable future -- The world’s overflowing landfills and mounting piles of organic waste pose a severe environmental threat. As food

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What You Need to Know with Biofuels

(Lloyd's List/ClassNK)  Biofuels are attracting attention as ‘drop-in’ replacements during shipping’s lengthy transition from fossil to clean fuels -- While a wide availability of alternatives such as hydrogen and ammonia are still some way off, biofuels do not require major modifications to

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Focus: Chinese Firms Invest in 'Green' Jet Fuel, Anticipating Blending Rule

by Chen Aizhu (Reuters) First SAF plants able to produce over 1 mln t/y by end-2025; Industry awaits SAF mandate for 2030, likely 2%-5% of fuel mix; Plants process used cooking oil; to cut into China UCO exports; Plants eye exports initially, in talks

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Plant Fuels Could One Day Power Airlines and Cars while Lowering Carbon Emissions

by Joe Tarr (Wisconsin Public Radio) Head of the Wisconsin Energy Institute, Mary Blanchard, details biofuels innovations -- ... However, Blanchard (Mary Blanchard, associate director of the Wisconsin Energy Institute) told WPR’s “The Morning Show,” new biofuels have the potential to totally replace

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Syzygy Plasmonics Demonstrates Groundbreaking CO2-to-Fuel Solution with RTI International

(Syzygy Plasmonics) Joint project delivers drop-in fuel that can be used in today's engines -- Syzygy Plasmonics announced today that it along with the nonprofit research institute RTI International have successfully demonstrated an all-electric CO2-to-Fuel production pathway at RTI's facility in Research Triangle

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Urban Biorefineries in the EU: From Blueprint to Implementation

(World Bio Market Insights) Cities are overflowing with valuable biomass if you look in the right places: namely, in their sewage systems. The organic materials in urban wastewater can provide cheap, local, and abundant raw materials for biobased and circular fuels,

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Regarding the Operation of "Sunny Orion" Using Marine Biofuel (B24)

(Asahi Tanker (Google Translation)) Asahi Tanker Co., Ltd. (Headquarters: Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo; President and CEO: Shigekazu Haruyama) has successfully operated the tanker ship "Sunny Orion" using biofuel, which is made by mixing waste cooking oil with heavy oil. The biofuel (B24) used this

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New Technique by NUS Scientists to Transform Waste Carbon Dioxide into High-Value Chemicals Achieves Cost Reduction of about 30%

(National University of Singapore) An energy-efficient, cost-effective way to convert the greenhouse gas into a wide range of chemical feedstocks -- Addressing the urgent challenge posed by escalating carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and their impact on climate change, researchers from the National

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Energis Invests 20 Million to Convert Waste into Biofuel

(Curaçao Chronicle)  The company Energis has built a special production facility that converts organic waste into biofuels. The company officially opens its doors in June at the Dok, but recently received a visit from Prime Minister Pisas and Minister Larmonie-Cecilia. In

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Norway Aims to Use Biofuel for Its F-35 Multirole Fighters.

(Global Defense News Army Recognition Group) The Norwegian Armed Forces have announced an ambitious initiative to have their F-35 fighters fly with biofuel by the end of the year, as indicated on the Norwegian Ministry of Defense's X account on May

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SMA Mineral Partners with Infinium to Advance eFuels Project in Norway

(Infinium) Infinium previously announced it will build Norway’s first commercial scale eFuels plant at the Mo Industripark -- eFuels leader Infinium has reached an agreement with SMA Mineral (SMA) that will advance the development of Infinium’s eFuels project at the Mo Industripark

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Capture Opportunities with Biogas

(Municipal Biogas) Canadian municipalities can harness the power of biogas to create new revenue streams. Municipalbiogas.ca is a complete resource for information on opportunities, examples and resources for anyone exploring options to incorporate biogas into municipal waste management systems. Municipalities can close

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Power-to-Liquids Primer: Fuel From Thin Air

by Rose Oates  (BloombergNEF)  E-fuels made from hydrogen and captured carbon dioxide (CO2) via the power-to-liquids (PtL) process can boast extremely low emissions compared to the fossil fuels they replace, depending on the source of carbon. Moreover, e-fuels don’t face the

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Meeting SAF Demand with Ethanol-to-Jet Technology

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  To achieve net zero by 2050, SAF production needs to increase quickly and substantially, says Omar Hamid, Group Manager, Low Carbon Fuels at Worley Consulting in presenting these slides at ABLC 2024 on technology transition. He

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Bright Renewables, Tekniska Verken Partner up for Sweden’s First Biogas CCU Project

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) From Sweden comes  news that Bright Renewables has won the technical tender from Tekniska verken, a major Swedish multi-utility energy company, for the supply of CO2 liquefaction technology. The system will be installed at Tekniska verken’s

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British Truck Racing Championship Makes Cmmitment to Using Sustainable Fuel

(BARC) The British Truck Racing Championship has announced its commitment to using a more sustainable fuel from the 2023 season onwards. In the first major step on its road to greater sustainability, the championship has partnered with the UK’s leading provider of

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Gevo

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Gevo addresses the market need of reducing greenhouse gas emissions with sustainable alternatives, and is commercializing the next generation of advanced, bio-based renewable fuels with sustainable aviation fuel, renewable premium gasoline, and renewable natural gas that

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Antwerp-Bruges and Namport to Invest in Hydrogen and Ammonia Export Hub

(World Cargo News)  Port of Antwerp-Bruges partners with Namport to develop a EUR 250M hydrogen export hub in Walvis Bay, leveraging Namibia’s solar energy advantage. -- The Port of Antwerp-Bruges collaborates with Namport, a state-owned Namibian port operator, to establish a hydrogen

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NYK, GCMD Address Continuous Biofuel Use

by Dom Magli (Port Technology International) The Global Centre for Maritime Decarbonisation (GCMD) has partnered with NYK Line to begin Project LOTUS (long-term impact of continuous biofuel usage on vessel operations). This six-month study will test the continuous usage of a biofuels

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to NEXT Renewables

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Linde is a leading global industrial gases and engineering company with 2021 sales of $31 billion (€26 billion). The company serves a variety of end markets including chemicals & energy, food & beverage, electronics, healthcare, manufacturing,

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Carbon to Value Initiative Says 4th Cohort Is Open for Apps: Cohort I-III Companies Raised $410M in Follow-on Funding DEADLINE June 21, 2024

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) From Massachusetts, New York and Texas, we received news that the Carbon to Value Initiative, a partnership of the Urban Future Lab at NYU Tandon School of Engineering (UFL), Greentown Labs, and Fraunhofer USA has opened the

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Modeling GHG Emissions from Source Separated Organics

by Romy Carpenter and Andrew Carpenter (BioCycle Magazine) New study assesses greenhouse gas emissions from five management options for SSO collected from residential, commercial, and institutional sources in New York City. -- The New York City Department of Environmental Protection (NYC DEP) worked

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Premiere for the Porsche Mobil 1 Supercup with eFuels

(Porsche) The Porsche Mobil 1 Supercup will start the new season with eFuels that are potentially near-carbon-neutral. The feedstock comes from the Haru Oni pilot plant. The up to 32 racing cars in the Supercup will be fuelled exclusively with eFuels

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P6 Technologies Launches Life Cycle Assessment Software for Biogas

(P6 Technologies/Biomass Magazine) P6 Technologies Inc., the leader in life cycle analysis (LCA) software for renewable fuels, biogas, and chemical companies, on May 2 announced the launch of its LCA for biogas cloud-based software solution. This marks a significant milestone for P6 as

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Australian Researchers Eye Sustainable Aviation Fuel from Landfill Gases

by James Redmayne (Reuters)  Australian researchers have developed a chemical process that could produce sustainable aviation fuel from landfill gases as a way of cutting carbon emissions, they said on Wednesday. ... The Sydney University scientists used non-thermal plasma technology that fires high-energy

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Suspicions of Fake China Cooking Oil Alarm US Biofuel Industry

by Kim Chipman, Tarso Veloso, and Michael Hirtzer (Bloomberg) ... One of the biggest concerns is that China shippers are adding UCO to fresh palm oil. Palm, the world’s most widely used vegetable oil, is a bane to environmentalists and many countries

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From Liability to Asset: How to Turn FOG from a Crisis into an Opportunity

(Greasezilla/EIN Newswire) Revolutionary new technology converts fats, oil and grease from sewer-clogging mess costing cities billions into saleable, renewable biofuel -- People love to dine out, but there’s a dark side to restaurant cooking. Along with refuse from animal product cooking and

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U.S. Energy, Ohio Transit System Sign Long-Term RNG Supply Agreement

by Jay Miller (NGT News)  U.S. Energy, a provider of refined products, alternative fuels and environmental credits, signed a long-term renewable natural gas (RNG) supply agreement with the Canton, Ohio-based Stark Area Regional Transit Authority (SARTA), a low/no-emission public transit system. Under

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Carbon Clean Achieves Fabrication Milestone on FlagshipONE with the Project’s First Carbon Capture Unit Module

(Carbon Clean)  Carbon Clean, a leader in revolutionising carbon capture solutions, has achieved a fabrication milestone on Ørsted’s FlagshipONE project, Europe’s largest commercial-scale eMethanol facility under construction. The first equipment has been mounted on the structural steel of the first module,

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The Case for E-fuels Use in Aviation

by Pete Rocha (LEC Partners/Biofuels Digest) The aviation industry produces 2-3% of all CO2 emissions globally. This percentage will likely grow over time as the developing world becomes richer and the demand for air transportation increases. In the graphic below, we

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bp's Archaea Energy Brings Online Its Largest Modular RNG Plant to Date in Kansas

(bp) The plant can convert 9,600 standard cubic feet of landfill gas per minute into lower-carbon renewable natural gas (RNG). Plant is expected to produce enough renewable natural gas to heat up to 38,000 homes annually, according to the EPA Landfill

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Are Cleaner Hydrocarbons Possible?

(Climate Now) Just over 70% of humanity’s energy consumption comes from hydrocarbons like coal, oil, and natural gas. The world is dependent on hydrocarbons, not just for energy but also for plastics, contact lenses, and computers, and so many other things. Using hydrocarbons like fossil fuels

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Cleaner Burning Aviation Fuels Poised for Takeoff

by Amena H. Saiyid  (Cipher)  ... Clean jet fuel production is expected to surge in the United States in the next 10 years aided by rapid advances in technology, generous federal incentives and growing demand from airlines, according to new projections from Oslo-based consultancy

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European Hydrogen Bank Pilot Auction Results

(European Commission)The first EU-wide auction (IF23 Auction) for the production of RFNBO (renewable fuel of non-biological origin) hydrogen was launched on 23 November 2023 and closed on 8 February 2024. The auction attracted 132 projects bids from 17 European countries You

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GIDARA Energy Collaborates with Aker Solutions in Equinor's Waste-to-SAF Study

(GIDARA) We are pleased to announce that GIDARA Energy's HTW® (High Temperature Winkler) technology for Gasification of solid waste to syngas has been selected by Aker Solutions (AKSO), as one of several suppliers, to contribute to a feasibility study for the Equinor Mongstad Industrial Transformation (MIT) project. The

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Promising SA-First Solution to Convert Paper Sludge, Food and Textile Waste into Bioethanol

(The Paper Story)  A pioneering solution has been developed to convert cellulose fibre-rich waste from pulp and paper mill operations into ethanol using a specialised fermentation process. Ethanol is a versatile starting material that finds diverse application in the production of

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The Turin Joint Statement on Sustainable Biofuels – The Background

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) The Turin Joint Statement on Sustainable Biofuels has now been released, and is here. WHAT THE TURIN JOINT STATEMENT (TJS) IS The Turin Joint Statement seeks to focus attention on G7 Ministers (and by extension heads of state) regarding

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Pacific Biodiesel Welcomes Community Leaders & Local Students for Blessing of the Company’s First Sunflower Field on Kauaʻi

(Pacific Biodiesel) Expansion of Agriculture Operations to Kauaʻi will Increase Local Food Production, Develop Model for Regenerative Agriculture-based Biofuel and Support Hawaiʻi’s Circular Economy --  In commemoration of Earth Day, Pacific Biodiesel Founders Bob and Kelly King welcomed community leaders and local

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UK Researchers Lead a National Team, Transforming Solid Waste into Aviation Fuel

by Jordan Strickler (University of Kentucky) In a move towards sustainable energy and waste management, the University of Kentucky has launched a pioneering research initiative that seeks to turn everyday trash into high-quality sustainable aviation fuels (SAF). Titled "Surface Enhanced Smart Preprocessing

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Shell Introduces 100% Renewable Diesel at Filling Stations in Germany

(Shell/Biobased Diesel Daily) Shell in Germany announced April 5 that it is expanding its offering for business customers in the mobility sector with its new Shell Renewable Diesel. Through the use of waste and residual materials such as used cooking oil, the

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TotalEnergies and Vanguard Renewables, a Portfolio Company of BlackRock’s Diversified Infrastructure Business, Join Forces to Develop Renewable Natural Gas in the United States

(Total Energies) TotalEnergies, a global integrated energy company, and Vanguard Renewables, a U.S. leader in farm-based organics-to-renewable natural gas production and a portfolio company of a fund managed by BlackRock’s Diversified Infrastructure business, have signed an agreement to create an equally

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STX Group and Norsk e-Fuel Partner to Boost Biogenic CO2 Delivery in the Nordics for Sustainable e-Fuel Production

(STX Group)  STX Group, a global leader in environmental commodities trading and climate solutions, and Norsk e-Fuel, a pioneer in the European e-fuel market, today announce their partnership  to promote biogenic CO2 deliveries to future Norsk e-Fuel production sites for fossil

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Iogen

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) You may know Iogen as the cellulosic ethanol tech and biofuel company, but did you know they are now deploying low-carbon BECCS hydrogen? Check out this slide guide from ABLC 2024 in San Francisco from CEO Brian

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Just Released: 2023 Project Peer Review Report

(U.S. Department of Energy)  Highlighting Expert Feedback on BETO's Portfolio -- The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) released its 2023 Project Peer Review Report, a comprehensive summary of stakeholder and subject-matter expert feedback on BETO’s latest research, development, and

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Honeywell Technology Helping to Produce Sustainable Aviation Fuel with Lower Cost and Waste

(Honeywell)  Latest technology expands Honeywell’s portfolio of offerings to help meet growing demand for renewable jet fuel; DG Fuels to deploy new Honeywell technology in its SAF production plant --  Honeywell (Nasdaq: HON) today announced its hydrocracking technology can be used to produce

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Garamendi, King Introduce Biomass for Transportation Fuel Act

(Office of Congressman John Garamendi (D-CA 8th))  Supports renewable electricity from forest byproducts to charge electric vehicles -- Congressman John Garamendi (D-CA) and Senator Angus S. King, Jr. (I-ME) introduced the "Biomass for Transportation Fuel Act” (H.R.7609), with U.S. Senator Jeanne Shaheen (D-NH)

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Neste Successfully Concludes Its 1st Processing Run with Pyrolysis Oil from Discarded Tires

(Neste) Currently, car and truck tires mostly end up in landfills or incineration after they have been discarded; Pyrolysis oil derived from discarded tires was processed into high-quality raw material for chemicals and plastics at Neste’s refinery in Porvoo, Finland; Pyrolysis oil was

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Groundbreaking H2@Scale Project Unveils Hydrogen Proto-Hub

(GTI Energy)  First-of-its-kind facility will foster innovation in the production and deployment of low-carbon hydrogen --  Frontier Energy, Inc., GTI Energy, and the Center for Electromechanics at The University of Texas at Austin, today hosted the grand opening of a hydrogen research

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Enhancing School Transportation with Biodiesel: One Company’s Green Journey

by Ron Kotrba (School Bus Fleet) For more than six decades, Cook-Illinois Corporation has been entrusted with the crucial task of transporting children to and from school. And for more than 15 years, this family-owned and operated school-bus contractor, among the largest in the

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Europe Could Produce 111 bcm of RNG by 2040, Report Finds

(Bioenergy International) A new report by Guidehouse on behalf of the European Biogas Association (EBA) reveals that Europe (EU-27 + UK, Norway, and Switzerland) could produce 111 billion cubic metres (bcm) of biomethane by 2040. This amount represents over 30 percent

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Biofuels Refiner Ecoceres Expects Malaysia Unit to Start up in Second Half 2025

(Reuters/Hydrocarbon Processing)  Biofuels refiner Ecoceres is aiming to start up its Malaysia-based biofuels production unit in the second half of 2025, a company executive said on Monday. The unit will have a total capacity of 350,000 metric tons per year of biofuels,

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Bio-CRUDE – A 5-Letter Word for EARTH MONTH

Bio-CRUDE  can be refined similarly to petroleum.  It can be made using processes like HTL( hydrothermal liquefaction) or pyrolysis.  It can be used by oil refineries for co-processing. IEA Bioenergy Newsletter https://www.ieabioenergy.com/wp-content/uploads/ 2024/01/IEA-Bioenergy-newsletter-December-2023.pdf Pyrolisis involves heating biomass in the absence of oxygen to BREAK

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FOG And Fatbergs: Food for a Growing Army of Green Monsters

(Greasezilla)  At last, a sustainable way to address the never-ending stream threatening the health of communities and the wastewater treatment plants that serve them. --  Back in 1972 at the movies, a never-ending supply of pollution fed a malevolent, fictional Smog Monster,

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Earth Day Spotlight: BETO Technology Manager Focuses Work on Agricultural Sustainability, Environmental, and Equity Justice Impacts

(U.S. Department of Energy)  ... BETO Technology Manager for Renewable Carbon Resources (RCR), Dr. Chenlin Li, is a DOE innovator supercharging the clean energy revolution with a commitment to stewardship of the planet’s natural resources. BETO’s RCR Program focuses on facilitating availability, reducing

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The EBA Factsheet «Sustainability» on the SAF (Sustainable Agribusiness Platform)

(UABIO) How will biogas and biomethane help decarbonize industry? We are sharing the EBA factsheet “Sustainability”. -- This factsheet is the final part of the information campaign of the European Biogas Association “Biogases: beyond energy”, which focuses on the research of different biogas

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Jet2.com to Use Sustainable Aviation Fuel at London Stansted Airport

(Jet2) Jet2.com has today (April 16, 2024) announced that it will use a blend of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) at London Stansted Airport in 2024, meaning the leading leisure airline will use SAF on departing flights from two UK airports in 2024,

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Peninsula Facilitates B30 Biofuel Supply Deal in Zeebrugge

(Peninsula 360) Peninsula, the leading independent global marine energy supplier, announces the successful conclusion of the first B30 biofuel supply deal in Zeebrugge, Belgium, in collaboration with the Japanese shipping company, Nippon Yusen Kabushiki Kaisha (NYK). The deal, which marks a

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Decarbonizing the Shipping Industry

by Wily Salim (LEC Partners/Biofuels Digest) ... Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO), a more dense and more viscous liquid than diesel, is the current dominant fuel used in the marine shipping industry. This is because HFO is relatively affordable, has high energy density,

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Free FATTY ACIDS – Two 5-Letter Words for EARTH MONTH

Free FATTY ACIDS (FFAs) are a significant component in the production of biodiesel, a renewable alternative to conventional diesel fuel. FFAs are present in various feedstocks used for biodiesel production, such as vegetable oils like soybean oil, animal fats, and

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Beacon of the Biomass World

by Katie Schroeder (Biomass Magazine) Industry leaders at the 17th Annual International Biomass Conference and Expo shared highlights from the past year for their respective sectors, discussed policy victories and priorities and cautioned of the potential hurdles ahead. The event was

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HD Hyundai Oilbank Starts Operation of New Biodiesel Plant

by Baek Byung-yeul (The Korea Times)  HD Hyundai Oilbank has started production at its biodiesel plant with an annual capacity of 130,000 tons, as part of the oil refiner's efforts to expand into the eco-friendly energy business, HD Hyundai Group affiliate said

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Current and Future Availability of Sustainable Biomass

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Oak Ridge National Lab, in partnership with the US Department of Energy, aims to collect, review, and distribute the best available and citable global data on current biomass uses, and potential future availability as consistent as

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to the Circular Carbon Economy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Carbon is the foundation of our material world, says LanzaTech CTO Rob Conrado in these slides presented at ABLC 2024. It’s in the products we use, the planes we fly, the clothes we wear. Where our

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The Airline Industry’s Biggest Climate Challenge: A Lack of Clean Fuel

by Ben Elgin (BNN Bloomberg) ... The $200 million plant from LanzaJet Inc. will be the first to turn ethanol into a fuel compatible with jet engines. The facility is one of many efforts around the globe attempting to crack one of

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Full Throttle: The Aviation Industry Has Been Working on Bio-Aviation Fuels Since the Late 2000s.

 by Dhanisha Juleemun, Lucky Nurafiatin, Daria Kochetkova, and Jorge Sierra (SGS INSPIRE/Biofuels International) The first flight using bio-aviation fuel took off in 2008 - it was flown by Virgin Atlantic from London to Amsterdam. Since then, many more airlines have carried out

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Futuria Fuels and DME

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Dimethyl-ether is a single molecule that can be produced from a wide range of renewable feedstocks. It can be blended with LPG and used in existing applications. It is chemically similar to propane and butane, and

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RIL, Tata Motors, IOCL to Be Key Bidders for Green Hydrogen Pilot Project: Report

(Business Today) The pilot project will help identify operational issues and gaps in terms of technology readiness, regulations, implementation, infrastructure and supply chains. -- Reliance Industries (RIL), Tata Motors and Indian Oil Corporation (IOC) are likely to be key bidders for

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What Fits the Process

(BDI Bioenergy/Biofuels International) ... When biodiesel producers shift to waste-based material as feedstock, the first choice is often used cooking oil (UCO). The main reason is that UCO’s feedstock parameters are close enough to that of vegetable oil. The result is

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FuelCell Energy Technology to Be Used in Sacramento Wastewater Biofuel Clean Energy Project

(Fuel Cell Energy) Sewer District will use FCE’s energy delivery and emissions management platform to create clean electricity from onsite biofuel -- FuelCell Energy, Inc. (Nasdaq: FCEL), announced that its carbonate fuel cell technology will be used in a biogeneration project developed by Ameresco

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St1 and SCA’s Joint Venture Commences the Production of Renewable Fuels in Gothenburg, Sweden

(St1) The Gothenburg Biorefinery, a joint venture between St1 and SCA, has officially opened on 10 April. Inaugurated by Minister of Energy and Business Ebba Busch, the plant marks an important milestone in the journey towards more sustainable energy production. Swedish Minister

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Tokyo Metropolitan to Assess Waste-to-SAF Potential

 by Fayaz Hussain (SAF Investor) The Tokyo Metropolitan Government (TMG) said that it is conducting a feasibility study to ascertain the potential of turning municipal waste into sustainable aviation fuel (SAF). “In principal, the target is general waste in Tokyo; however, if

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The Eco-Friendly Fuel of the Future

(Mazda) A carbon-negative crop that can contribute to the mitigation of climate change, algae are also a viable source of biofuel. Working with Hiroshima University, Mazda is making significant inroads into its future use. Seaweed is synonymous with Japanese cuisine and has

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Amber Grid’s New Analysis Shows Potential for Green CO2 Capture from Biomethane and Biofuel

(CE Energy News)  To find effective ways to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, Amber Grid, the Lithuanian gas transmission system operator, commissioned by the Ministry of Energy, has carried out an assessment analysis of green technologies for CO2 (biogenic carbon dioxide) capture

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Nzyme2HC and Renewable H2 Production

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Renewable H2 production that requires ~40% less electricity than state-of-the-art electrolysis> That’s the promise of early-stager Nzyme2HC. As the company puts it, “The amount of electricity required to produce green H2 must be significantly reduced. We

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to OMC Thermochemistry

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Low cost green hydrogen and syngas using heat and domesitically abundant materials.  READ MORE

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17 New Partnerships Receive $6.5 Million in Funding from P4G for Innovative Climate Solutions

(World Resources Institute) WRI’s Partnering for Green Growth and the Global Goals (P4G) initiative will provide grant funding and technical assistance to help these partnerships become investment ready Washington, D.C. (March 28, 2024) — Today, Partnering for Green Growth and the Global Goals 2030

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China Releases List for a Biofuel Pilot Scheme to Boost Domestic Consumption

by  Samyak Pandey and Aditya Kondalamahanty (S&P Global)  Major biodiesel exporter faces weak local demand; Government urges demonstrations to support consumption; Loans and carbon profits fall short in driving demand sufficiently -- The Chinese government unveiled a plan for a biodiesel pilot scheme in

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2023 Billion-Ton Report: An Assessment of U.S. Renewable Carbon Resources Informational Webinar --- April 16, 2024 --- ONLINE

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) and Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) will host a virtual informational webinar from 1:30pm – 2:30pm ET, on April 16, 2024, on the recently released 2023 Billion-Ton Report (BT23), an

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Bangchak and Sumitomo Corporation Forge Alliance to Advance UCO-to-SAF Supply Chain, Championing Environmental Sustainability

(Bangchak) Bangchak Corporation Public Company Limited, a leading transnational energy conglomerate, and Sumitomo Corporation, a Chemical Solution Group, based in Japan, have joined forces in a strategic partnership through a framework agreement for the purchase and sale of used cooking oil

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Technip Energies and LanzaTech Selected by the US Department of Energy to Receive $200M Investment for Breakthrough, Replicable Decarbonized Ethylene Commercial Facility

(LanzaTech) Technip Energies and LanzaTech Global, Inc. (NASDAQ: LNZA) were selected by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Clean Energy Demonstrations to begin award negotiations for up to $200 million in Bipartisan Infrastructure Law and Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) funding as

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Solarig to Develop One of the Most Innovative Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) Plants in the World

(Solarig) • Solarig has reached an agreement with SOMACYL (Sociedad Pública de Infraestructuras y Medio Ambiente de Castilla y León) to acquire 116,000 square metres to the project called ‘NUMANTIA SAF’ in Parque Empresarial del Medio Ambiente (PEMA) located in Soria

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Sequestering CO2 in Plastics

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) There are a number of possible routes to convert emissions into polymers. Plastics contain carbon for the entire duration of their useful life and during the time which they are not degrading in a landfill. Since

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BINGO! Words to Live By from ABLC 2024

by Joanne Ivancic* (Advanced Biofuels USA) Key players in the renewable fuels community gather twice/year at the Advanced Biofuels Leadership Conferences—ABLC 2024 took place in Washington, DC last week; and the ABLC Next gathering will be in San Francisco in

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Biodiesel Producing Plant in Newarthill Set to Close with over 70 Jobs at Risk

by Michael Pringle (Daily Record) Argent Energy has already entered into a period of consultation with staff -- A plant producing biodiesel in Newarthill is set to close its doors with the loss of over 70 jobs. Argent Energy has already entered into

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Saudi Arabia’s Only Biofuel Producer Is Tripling Refining Capacity by 2025

by Sowmya Sundar (Zawya Projects)  The Biofuel Company, which operates the GCC’s largest biofuel refinery, prioritises domestic needs in capacity expansion -- The Biofuel Company, Saudi Arabia’s first and only biofuel producer, is on course to triple its refining capacity by 2025, the

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2023 Billion-Ton Report

(U.S. Department of Energy Bioenergy KDF) The U.S. Department of Energy Bioenergy Technology Office's (BETO's) 2023 Billion-Ton Report (BT23) is an assessment of renewable carbon resources potentially available in the United States. BT23 explores these resources in terms of quantity, price,

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Village Farms International Announces Start Up of Renewable Natural Gas Facility

(Village Farms International) Delta RNG Project Will Immediately Contribute Incremental Cash Flow and Profitability to Village Farms -- Village Farms International, Inc. (“Village Farms” or the “Company”) (NASDAQ: VFF) today (April 3, 2024) announced that operations have started at the Delta (British

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Norsk e-Fuel and Carbon Centric Sign Supply and Distribution Agreement for Biogenic and Liquid CO2

(Norsk e-Fuel) Norsk e-Fuel and Carbon Centric have entered into a landmark agreement for CO2 Supply and Distribution, where Carbon Centric will be responsible for the production and delivery of CO2 to Norsk e-Fuel's Alpha plant in Mosjøen in Northern Norway.

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Agreement Signed by 6 Companies to Collaborate on Biofuels, Feedstocks between Japan, South Korea

(Eneos/Biobased Diesel Daily) DS Dansuk Co. Ltd., Eneos Corp., HMLP Co. Ltd., Nomura Jimusho Inc., Yoshikawa Yushi Co. Ltd. and Sapporo Yushi Co. Ltd. announced March 22 that they have entered into a memorandum of understanding (MOU) earlier this year designed

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Phillips 66 Announces Major Milestone in Production of Renewable Diesel

(Phillips 66/Business Wire)  Phillips 66 (NYSE: PSX) today announced a major milestone in its conversion of the San Francisco refinery into the Rodeo Renewable Energy Complex, expanding commercial scale production of renewable diesel. The Rodeo Renewed project has progressed, with the facility

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World Fuel Services Provides Sustainable Aviation Fuel to the United Kingdom Ministry of Defence

(World Fuel Services) • World Fuel Services (World Fuel) confirms a follow-on agreement with the United Kingdom Ministry of Defence (UK MOD) through the Operational Energy Authority (OEA) to supply the Royal Air Force (RAF) with aviation fuel blended with Sustainable

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Neste Supplying Sustainable Aviation Fuel to Emirates for Flights from Amsterdam Airport Schiphol

(Neste) Neste has started supplying sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) to Emirates at Amsterdam Airport Schiphol, expanding the partnership the two companies announced in October last year. Over 6,000 tons (2 million gallons) of blended SAF will be supplied into the fueling

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Restaurant Technologies Hits New Biodiesel Sustainability Record

(Verdict Food Service) The company recycled and converted 314 million pounds of used cooking oil into renewable diesel or biodiesel last year. -- Restaurant Technologies has announced a significant milestone in sustainability by recycling and converting more than 314 million pounds

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PTT Studying Production of Green Methanol

(Bangkok Post/MSN)  National oil and gas conglomerate PTT Plc is considering building a green methanol production facility at an estimated cost of 3.1 billion baht to support its plan to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and produce methanol-derived fuels. Methanol is traditionally produced

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The Electrifying End to Life on Earth

by Peter Brown (Biofuels Digest) In pursuit of our salvation from climate change we are now engaged in a deliberate effort that will dramatically increase the very polluting toxins that are causing that change. Even more ironically, we will use our

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CO2 Transformed to Methanol with Sunlight on Copper Atoms

(New Energy and Fuel)  University of Nottingham researchers have successfully transformed CO2 into methanol by shining sunlight on single atoms of copper deposited on a light-activated material, a discovery that paves the way for creating new green fuels. The international team of

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Nu:ionic Hydrogen-Producing Microwave Reactor Achieves Commercial Threshold

(Nu:ionic/Globe Newswire)  Nu:ionic Technologies (Canada), Inc. (“Nu:ionic”) has achieved a significant product development milestone with the completion of a continuous 48-hour demonstration run of its proprietary Microwave Catalytic Reformer(TM) (MCR). This commercial scale, 100kW electrified reactor can be used in many applications

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Repsol and Bunge Create a Partnership in Spain to Boost Supply of Renewable Fuels

(Repsol) - Through this strategic agreement, Repsol increases its access to the feedstock needed to reach its goal of producing up to 1.7 million tons of renewable fuels by 2027.  - The collaboration is another step forward in Bunge’s long-term

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Exploring the Potential of Pyrolysis Oil in Sustainable Chemical Production

by Kathy Hall (Global Petrochemicals/OPIS) 10 Questions with 245 Recycle featuring Peter Fasullo, Co-Founder and CCO, and Robert Sawchuk, Co-Founder and CEO -- In our ongoing exploration of innovative solutions for sustainable chemical production, we dive into the world of pyrolysis oil, also

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Zensho Holdings and ENEOS Set up UCO Supply Chain for SAF in Japan

by Meghan Sapp (Biofuels Digest) In Japan, Zensho Holdings and ENEOS have teamed up to collect waste cooking oil as raw materials for sustainable aviation fuel. In this initiative, the beef bowl chain “Sukiya” under the umbrella of Zensho Holdings and

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Rapid Expansion of U.S. Soybean Processing Capacity Risks Industry Overbuild

by Brian Earnest , Tanner Ehmke and Jacqui Fatka (CoBank)  • The push for renewable diesel is boosting demand for soybean oil as a feedstock. Soybean crush capacity in the U.S. is expected to expand 23% over next three years

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Ag-Grid Energy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) AgGrid Energy is one of our most admired biogas project developers, and is on a rapid expansion curve as many of the best biogas companies are right now.  Rashi Akki gave this overview of the company’s

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Renovare Raising $7.5 Million to Turn Landfill Waste into Renewable Biofuels

by Susan Lahey (ESG Today)  Sustainable fuels startup Renovare Fuels announced today the launch of a £6 million (USD$7.6 million) equity raise, with proceeds aimed at supporting projects to produce advanced renewable biofuels from waste. Founded in 2015, UK-based Renovare provides a technology

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Feedstock Supply Chain Analysis

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  To meet its defossilization goals, the US needs cost-effective solutions to provide conversion-ready feedstocks. A team of researchers at Idaho National Laboratory have undertaken a project to look at advanced supply system designs that utilize active

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Triple Bottom Line Sustainability Indicators for Waste-to-Energy Supply Chains

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Development of a triple-bottom line sustainability (social, environment, economic) assessment tool for local government to evaluate trade-offs of different organic waste streams and energy conversion strategies can help achieve local/regional policy objectives over the current and

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BioReCer’s Policy Brief Advocates for Valorisation and Use of Organic Residues to Drive European Bioeconomy

(Renewable Carbon News) BioReCer's recommendations urge policymakers to prioritise the utilisation of sustainable organic residues to reduce reliance on fossil feedstocks and mitigate associated greenhouse gas emissions -- The Horizon Europe project Biological Resources Certifications Schemes (BioReCer) has unveiled a comprehensive policy brief titled

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AFYREN Is Ramping up Its Efforts to Create a New Path for Organic Waste Recovery

(AFYREN) Collaboration with SUEZ, a leading player in circular waste solutions, aims to create value from organic waste; Project is in line with AFYREN’s core strategy of transforming organic waste streams into resources with real value; The work is part of the European

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Suma Capital Acquires 80% of ATH Bioenergy to Transform the Canary Islands’ Energy Future

(Suma Capital) The company is contemplating an investment of 100 million for the construction of four production plants -- Suma Capital has acquired 80% of the share capital of ATH Bioenergy, a company focused on the production and commercialization of biomethane. This is a

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BioLPG Production at Scale in Sub-Saharan Africa: Key Elements Needed for Its Development and Efficient Use as a Clean Cooking Fuel

(The Global LPG Partnership (GLPGP), Modern Energy Cooking Services (MECS), Loughborough University)  ... The confluence of Global South development needs, inadequate progress on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the rapidly evolving “just transition” debate between Global North and Global South has

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Production of Hydrogen at Industrial Scale – State of the Art and Future Prospects

by Qi Chen (Lee Enterprises Consulting/Biofuels Digest)  ... Hydrogen has been produced at the industrial scale for many decades in diverse applications, see Figure 1. Traditional applications are mainly in chemical manufacturing and oil refining, with some lower volumes in

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to the State of the Advanced Bioeconomy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) In this presentation, we explored the state of the industry — including the renewable diesel, DME, SAF, hydrogen, renewable chemicals, materials, advanced biorefinery, efuels and carbon capture sectors. We looked at   processes, feedstocks, products, finance,

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EU Policy. Commission Backs Use of Farmland for Aviation Fuel Production

by Robert Hodgson (euronews.green) In a bid to cut the climate impact of flying, the European Commission says agricultural land can be used for aviation biofuel production, providng it does not interfere with food and feed production or damage soils. But

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2023 Billion-Ton Report: An Assessment of U.S. Renewable Carbon Resources

(U.S. Department of Energy)  The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Bioenergy Technology Office's (BETO) 2023 Billion-Ton Report (BT23) is the 4th in a series of assessments of potential biomass resources available in the United States. BT23 explores these resources in

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Garamendi, King Introduce Bill to Allow Biomass Power to Participate in the RFS

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) Rep. John Garamendi, D-Calif., and Sen. Angus King, I-Maine, on March 11 each introduced legislation that aims to allow facilities generating renewable electricity from forest biomass, such as woodchips or sawdust, to participate in the

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USDA Releases Plan to Strengthen the Bioeconomy through a More Resilient Biomass Supply Chain

by Lynn Bergeson and Carla N. Hutton (Bergeson & Campbell)  The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) released on March 14, 2024, a report entitled Building a Resilient Biomass Supply: A Plan to Enable the Bioeconomy in America, “a plan that will boost biomass supply chain

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Bold Goals Action Group Releases 40 Bold Actions to Accelerate the Bioeconomy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Washington, the Bold Goals Action Group released the final text of the 40 Bold Actions to Accelerate at ABLC 2024. The release capped a year-long, multi-national effort by bioeconomy stakeholders to define specific actions that

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Heathrow Partners with Heston Blumenthal to Launch Renewable Biofuel Breakfast

by Hannah Brandler (Business Traveler) ... Waste management service Quatra will collect, clean and recycle the used cooking oils from the Fly Up breakfast, with the oils and fats then undergoing treatment and purification to remove organic impurities and water. The processed

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Police in Gloucestershire, England, Urge Business Owners to Be Vigilant Following a Rise in UCO Thefts

(Gloucestershire Constabulary/Biobased Diesel Daily)  Police are warning commercial business owners to be vigilant following an increase in reports of used cooking oil (UCO) thefts across Gloucestershire in South West England. Offenders steal UCO that has been used or is being stored for

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enzymes cellulose cellulosic biofuel Cellulosic biomass cellulosic diesel Cellulosic ethanol cellulosic ethanol price cellulosic feedstock cellulosic production tax credit cellulosic sugars Cellulosic Tax Credit cellulosic waiver credit cement Central African Republic Central America Certificate Program Certificates of Origin (COs) certification certification fuels cesium cetane Chad change in soil condition charging stations CHCJ-5 chemical-looping hydrogen method Chesapeake Bay chicken feathers chickens Chile Chili China chitin chp chromium chufa/cyperus esculents/nutsedge CIA circular economy citrus citrus greening disease Citrus Peel clean air Clean Air Act (CAA) clean diesel Clean Fuel Standard/Policy (CFS) Clean Heat Standards Clean Power Plan (CPP) Clean Trucks Plan Clean Water Act climate change Climate Change Adaptation climate change effects climate change mitigation climate legislation climate smart/conservation agriculture closed-loop system Clostridium thermocellum cloud point clover cmelina CNG Conversion kit co co-generation co-location Co-op Extension co-operative co-processing co-products CO2 Electrolysis CO2 neutral fuels CO2Removal Certificates (CORCs) coal Coal and Biomass to Liquid (CBTL) Coast Guard coastal habitat conservation coastal hay cobalt cock's foot coco coco methyl ester (CME) cocoa Coconut coffee coffee cherries coffee grounds coffee pulp cold flow cold-tolerance college/university Colombia Colorado combined heat and power (CHP) Comment Request commercial flights commercialization commissioning commo Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) commodity trading common reed Community activity community college Community involvement/engagement community scale Community Wood Energy Program competition compliance compliance credits compost Compressed Natural Gas (CNG/R-CNG/bioCNG) compression ratios compression-ignition engine computer simulation concrete condensate Congo Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Connecticut Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP) construction and demolition waste/debris consumer education contamination contest contrails conversion technology Cook Islands cook stoves cooking fuel cooperatives COP21 COP22 COP23 COP24 COP25 COP26 COP27 COP28 COP29 COP30 copper coppice cordgrass corn bran Corn cobs corn ethanol corn fiber corn growers corn harvest corn kernel corn meal corn oil corn oil/distillers corn oil (DCO) corn prices corn stalks corn stover corn supply corn surplus corn syrup corn-based products corn/maize Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards corporate social responsibility corrosion corruption CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) cosmetics Costa Rica cotton cotton seed hulls cotton seed oil cotton stalk cottonwood Council on Environmental Quality county cover crops cow rumen cracking Crambe crassulacean acid metabolism plants (CAM) crimes criteria pollutants Croatia crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude oil Cuba cup plant cuphea currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cusi cutworm caterpillars cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) cylindro Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs d-5 D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D20 (20%DME) D5 (5%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA date kernel oil date palm date palm pits date palm waste Dates DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act deficit definitions deforestation defossilization Dehydration Delaware DeltaWing demonstration demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify density Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security Department of Justice Department of Labor Department of the Interior Department of Transportation (DOT) depolymerization depots dextrose dfdsffsfdfsf diatoms diesel Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) diesel fuel blendstock diesel prices Diesel R5 diesel with renewables diesel-range hydrocarbons diesel-to-biodiesel conversion diethyl ether digital Digital Biology diisobutylene (DIB) dilute acid hydrolysis pretreatment DIN 51605 DIN EN 15376 (Ethanol blending component) direct air capture direct injection direct ocean capture Direct Sugar to Hydrocarbon Conversion (DSHC) direct-to-fuel directed evolution dispense distillates distillation distilled biodiesel distilled palm methyl ester (DPME) distilleries distributed/centralized distribution distribution capacity distribution waiver diversification divestment DME/rDME (dimethyl ether)/renewable DME DMF (2.5-dimethylfuran) Dominican Republic double cropping drawdown Drones/Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) drop-in biofuels/hydrocarbons drought drought tolerant drought-resistant dry ice dual cropping Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E100 E100 conversion kit E11 E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E2 E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E3 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E70 diesel E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency egg shell Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric Vehicle (EV) Prices electric grid electricity electricity price electricity/power generation electricity/power transmission electrocatalysis electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels (e-fuels) electrofuels (e-fuels) prices electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) electrons Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants embargo eminent domain emissions emissions standards EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 EN 228 EN 590 EN228 (standard pump gasoline) end user end-of-life Endangered Species Act (ESA) Energy Bill energy cane energy consumption energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy prices energy reserves Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine Development engine problems Engine/Fuel Co-optimization engineering England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment environmental impact study (EIS) environmental justice/socially inclusive environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Environmentalists Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic depolymerization enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling Enzyme solicitation enzymes EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) Equatorial Guinea equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) etha ethane ethanol ethanol benefits ethanol blend wall ethanol blended diesel ED ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol emissions ethanol ether diesel fuel ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol to gas ethanol tolerance ethanol-fueled aircraft Ethanol-to-Gasoline (ETG) ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/diesel ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethyl levulinate (EL) ethylbenzene ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order executive order--state Extended Range Electric Vehicle (EREV) externalities extremophiles f F Factor F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farmers farming farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation Feedstocks fermentation ferry fertilizer fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) Fischer-Tropsch/FT fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources Forest Service forestry forklifts Formate formic acid fossil carbon fossil fuel Frace fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud free fatty acids (FFA) Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon gallium Gambia games gas prices gas tax/highway user fee gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gasoline-range hydrocarbons Gemany General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Gerrmany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) Intensity giant cane giant kelp Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect Global South global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grain sorghum/milo grain speculators grains GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery green/black economy Greenland GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Guinea Bissau Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP gypsum h Haiti Halophytes harvest site processing harvesting Hawai'i hay hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ HDO-SAK (hydro deoxygenated synthetic aromatic kerosene) health health benefits health effects heat of combustion heat of vaporization heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) high octane low carbon (HOLC) fuel High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 HVO20 HVO30 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrid ships hybrids hydrocarbon fuels Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydroformylation hydrogen aircraft hydrogen carrier hydrogen combustion engines hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen leaks hydrogen pipeline hydrogen price hydrogen pumps/fueling stations hydrogen tax credit hydrogen terminal Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Price hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogenolysis hydropower Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal gasification hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois Illiois illuppai ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indian beech tree Indian grass Indiana indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial burners industrial ethanol industrial gases industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated biorefineries integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine (ICE) internal combustion engine (ICE)/gasoline engine ban International international balance of payments International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Sustainability and Carbon Certification model(ISCC) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit Invvesting ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron iron oxide IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isobutylene isomerisation isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica jamelão Japan jatobá Jatropha Jersey Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 jet B Jetfuel (Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs Joint Office of Energy and Transportation jojoba Jordan JP-10 JP-4 JP-5/NATO F-44 JP-8/NATO F-34 juniper Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kalanchoe kamani Kans grass Kansas Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati knotweed Knowledge Discovery Framework Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kulpa kusum Kuwait Kygryzstan labels labor policy Labrador lactic acid lactose Lake County lamp oil land ownership land prices land rights land subsidence land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy landfill methane Landfills landscape Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead Leadtree leaf ant Lebanon lecithin legislation Legislation-Federal Legislation-State lemna lend-lease Lesotho lesquerella leucaena levulinic acid Liberia Libya licensing lichens life cycle analysis (LCA) light rail lignin Lignin Ethanol Oil (LEO) Lignocellulosic Biofuel lignocellulosic sugars lime Lipid liquefaction liquid liquid petroleum gas (LPG) liquid transportation fuels liquidation Liquified Biogas (LBG) Liquified Biogas (LBG) pumps liquified biomethane (LBM) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logistics long-term contracts Louis Louisiana low c low carbon emissions low carbon octane standard (LCOS) Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel low sulfur fuel low sulfur marine fuel lubricants lumber mill Luxembourg lysis M100 M15 M3 M50 ma macadamia macauba Macedonia machine learning machinery macororo Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona management changes mandates mangaba manganese mango mangrove Manitoba mannose manure maple maps marginal land marine algae Marine Corps Marine Diesel Oil (MDO) Marine Fuel Oil Marine Gas Oil (MGO) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) price Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel Terminal Marine/maritime renewable fuel terminal/bunkering market forces market share marketing markets/sales Mars Marshall Islands Maryland Masdar Institute mass balance standard Massachusetts Master Limited Partnership (MLP) Mauritania Mauritius Mazda meat mechanics training medical waste MEEC membranes mergers and acquisitions mesquite methanation methane leaks methane/biomethane methanization methanol benefits methanol fuel cells methanol price Methanol-to-Jet (MTJ-SPK) Methanol/Biomethanol/Renewable Methanol methylbutenol Mexico Michelin GreenX Challenge Michigan micro-crop microalgae microbial electrosynthesis microbiology microorganisms/microbes microwave Mid-Atlantic Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military reserves military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels milk permeate millennium fruit millet millettia pinnata milo stover mineralization minerals mining Minn Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold molinia molybdenum MON (Motor Octane Number) Monaco Mongolia mongongo monitoring/measuring reporting verifiction (MRV) Montana Montenegro moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles motors MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES2014 MOVES3 (MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator model) Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed mvr Myanmar n-butanol n-butene nahar Namibia nano nano particles nanocatalysts 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Nevada New Brunswick new fuel approval New Guinea New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New South Wales New York New Zealand Newfoundland Newfoundland and Labrador next generation biofuels next generation vehicles NHRA drag racing Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrogen starvation nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota North Korea Northeast northern catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory Northwest Territories Norwary Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds nuclear Nunavut nut shells nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition oak oat hulls oat straw oats Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) Office of Science Technology and Policy (OSTP) Offices of Inspector Generals offtake agreements Ohio oil oil embargo oil exploration oil monopoly oil p oil price parity oil prices oil production oil refineries oil replacement oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil speculators oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes oil/gas terminals Oils Oklahoma olefins oligomerization olive cake olive oil olive pits olive pomace olive water olives Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm ammonia production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing on-site hydrogen production one p one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontaio Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) open fuel standard open pond opportunity zones optimized flex fuel vehicles orange peel orchard grass orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) osage orange OSHA Overseas Private Investment Corporation overview overview/survey course owa oxygen oxygenate ozone Pakistan Palau palm palm biomass palm fatty acid distillate palm fiber palm fronds palm kernel palm kernel oil palm kernel shell palm oil Palm Oil Methyl Ester (PME) palm oil mill effluent (POME) palm oil prices palm trunk sap palm waste Paludiculture/peatland cultivation Panama pandas panic grass papaya paper Papua Indonesia Papua New Guinea paraffins Paraguay Paris Agreement parity partial waiver particulates pasture land Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) patents pathways Paulownia paulownia tree payments peach shell peaches peak oil peak oil demand peanuts/groundnuts peas pectin peela kaner pellet pellets Pennsylvania pennycress/stinkweed pentane pentanol pentose pequi perennial grains perennial grasses Performance permitting Peru pest-tolerance pesticide-tolerance pests pet food petition petroleum pharmaceuticals phase separation Philippines phosphorus photobioreactor photoelectrocatalysis 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RNG tax credit roadmap rocket fuel Romania RON (Research Octane Number) rosin rotation crops Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials (RSB) royalties RP-1 RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber rubber seeds rumen ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Rural Renewable Energy Pilot Program rushes Russia Russian olive rutabaga Rwanda ry rye Rye grass rye straw s saccharification SAF pipeline SAF10 SAF30 SAF40 SAFc (Sustainable Aviation Fuel certificates) Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower sago pond weed SAIC sal tree Salicornia salt water salt-tolerant saltbush saltcedar Samoa Sanctions Santa Monica sardine oil Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Advisory Board (SAB) Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) Science Policy scooters Scotland scum sea level rise seaports seashore mallow seawater seaweed cultivation Seaweed/Macroalgae 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