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Senate Committee Members Question Goffman on RFS, SREs

by Erin Voegele (Biomass Magazine) Joseph Goffman expressed support for the Renewable Fuel Standard and the use of biofuels during a May 25 hearing held by the Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works to consider his nomination to serve as

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Southwest Airlines Invests in Sustainable Aviation Fuel Pilot Project Supported by the Department of Energy

(Southwest Airlines/PR Newswire) Carrier's first-of-its-kind investment supports the development of technology intended to commercialize sustainable aviation fuel --  Southwest Airlines Co. (NYSE: LUV) ("Southwest" or the "Company") today announces an investment into SAFFiRE Renewables, LLC (SAFFiRE), a company formed by D3MAX, LLC

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New Artificial Enzyme Breaks Down Tough, Woody Lignin

(Science Daily/DOE/Pacific Northwest National Laboratory)  Study shows promise for developing a new renewable energy source -- An innovative artificial enzyme has shown it can chew through woody lignin, an abundant carbon-based substance that stores tremendous potential for renewable energy and

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DOE Announces $59 Million to Expand Biofuels Production and Decarbonize Transportation Sector DEADLINE: July 8, 2022

(U.S. Department of Energy) Funding Will Reduce Emissions from Marine, Aviation, and other Hard-to-Decarbonize Sectors --  The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) today announced $59 million to accelerate the production of biofuels and bioproducts to reduce emissions in hard-to-decarbonize sectors and

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Paving the Way to Increased Waste-to-Energy Production

(Lehigh University) ... While recycling and composting have increased, the majority of the waste produced goes into landfills, the most inexpensive option. About 12 percent of MSW was converted into energy by waste-to-energy plants in 2018, according to the Energy Information

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New Method Could Potentially Produce Hydrogen from Biogas for $2/kg

(Bioenergy Insight) California-based Kore has developed a new way to produce hydrogen from biogas. It claims the new method could potentially provide hydrogen for less than $2 per kg. “We produce biogas and biochar from biogenic feedstocks and the resulting biogas contains

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RFA Calls on EPA to Remove Controversial Studies from Peer Reviewed Congressional Process

by Meghan Sapp (Biofuels Digest) In Washington, a recent, highly publicized report led by Tyler Lark of the University of Wisconsin attacking the Renewable Fuel Standard is “more problematic than what we initially evaluated to be the case,” according to a new review

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Ethanol’s Own SAF Runway

by Luke Geiver (Ethanol Producer Magazine) The world’s major airlines are racing to decarbonize air travel by backing and using sustainable aviation fuel. Much of it is now being produced via plant-based oils in tandem with renewable diesel. Soon, it

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Growth Energy, EPA Reach Settlement on Deadline for Issuing 2023 RVO

(Growth Energy) Following settlement discussions with Growth Energy, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is expected to file a notice in the Federal Register on Monday seeking comment on a proposed judicial consent decree that would require EPA to propose the 2023 Renewable

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Energy Secretary Says Administration Is "All-In" on Renewable Fuels

by Meghan Grebner (Brownfield Ag News)  ... From increasing access to E-15 to releasing oil from the strategic reserve, Energy Secretary Jennifer Granholm says President Biden is accelerating efforts to lower fuel prices.  “Nobody wants to be under the thumb

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Biden Administration Launches $3.5 Billion Program to Capture Carbon Pollution from the Air

(U.S. Department of Energy)  DOE Announces Bipartisan Infrastructure Law Effort to Establish Regional Direct Air Capture Hubs for Large-Scale CO2 Removal  -- The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) today released a Notice of Intent (NOI) to fund the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law’s

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DOE Announces Nearly $25 Million to Study Advanced Clean Hydrogen Technologies for Electricity Generation

(U.S. Department of Energy) Industry-led R&D Projects Will Develop Technologies for More Efficient Hydrogen Turbines and Production with CO2 Capture and Storage  --  The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) today announced $24.9 million in funding for six research and development projects

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Bioenergy Technologies Office State of Technology—2020 Research and Development Status

(U.S. Department of Energy) The U.S. Department of Energy’s Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) funds research and development (R&D) on technologies necessary for the deployment and production of cost- competitive bioenergy, primarily biofuels. Results of experimental efforts are periodically compiled and

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Funding Notice: Foundational Agrivoltaic Research for Megawatt Scale (FARMS) DEADLINE: June 1, 2022

(U.S. Department of Energy)  On May 5, 2022, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Solar Energy Technologies Office (SETO) announced the Foundational Agrivoltaic Research for Megawatt Scale (FARMS) funding opportunity, which will award $8 million in funding for projects that examine

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Startups Ask Congress to Fund (more) Carbon Removal R&D

(Carbon 180) Carbon removal startups working across tech and agriculture have penned two letters calling for the Senate and House Appropriations Committees to increase support for both geologic storage (the final resting place for carbon collected via direct air capture and BECCS)

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DOE Releases Notice of Intent for 2022 Advanced Vehicle Technologies Funding

(Green Car Congress)  The US Department of Energy’s (DOE) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy announced a notice of intent to issue a Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) entitled “Fiscal Year 2022 Vehicle Technologies Office Program Wide FOA.” (DE-FOA-0002718) The potential FOA

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A Fuel Switch for Future Farms

by John Blum (Marquette University) A new combustion system for engines allows heavy-duty farm equipment normally powered by diesel fuel to run on gasoline and ethanol, without sacrificing performance. -- Having grown up working on his uncle’s farm and in

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Accelerating Bioenergy: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to Department of Energy’s EERE

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Michael Berube, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Sustainable Transportation at the Department of Energy shared this illuminating slide guide at ABLC on what the Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy (EERE)’s goal is with bioenergy, biomass

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Oil Refineries Continue Attacks on the RFS While Enjoying Record Profit Margins

by Scott Richman (Renewable Fuels Association) If you watched the Sunday morning talk shows last weekend, you might have noticed a new advertisement (paid for by oil refiners) that attacks the Renewable Fuel Standard. The ad notes that consumers are paying record-high

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NREL Senior Research Fellow Honored for International Leadership and Innovation in Energy Chemistry

by Cassandra Sulmeisters (National Renewable Energy Laboratory) National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Senior Research Fellow Bob McCormick was recently recognized with one of the highest honors by the American Chemical Society (ACS): the Henry H. Storch Award in Energy Chemistry for

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News Release: NREL Scientists Advance Renewable Hydrogen Production Method

(National Renewable Energy Laboratory)  Perovskite materials may hold the potential to play an important role in a process to produce hydrogen in a renewable manner, according to an analysis from scientists at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). Hydrogen has emerged as

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Ethanol's Biggest Problem Is PR

(News Press Now) Normally, any move to increase the supply of renewable fuel should draw widespread praise. Even more so if this measure saves the average consumer $9 a month and reduces dependency on oil exports that finance Russia’s war

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CO2 Pipelines Are Coming. A Pipeline Safety Expert Says We’re Not Ready.

by Emily Pontecorvo (Grist) Companies want to build pipelines to capture and store carbon, but a new report warns that regulators aren’t prepared. -- ... But as the number of pipeline proposals multiplies, a new report commissioned by the Pipeline Safety Trust,

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Carbon Negative Shot Summit --- July 20-21, 2022 --- TBD

To advance the development of the emerging and necessary carbon dioxide removal (CDR) industry, DOE launched Carbon Negative Shot at COP26, the third target within the Energy Earthshots Initiative.  Carbon Negative Shot is the U.S. government’s first major effort in CDR and

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Biden-Harris Administration Announces Over $2.3 Billion Investment to Cut U.S. Carbon Pollution

(U.S. Department of Energy) DOE Launches $2.25B Bipartisan Infrastructure Law Effort to Increase CO2 Storage Sites, Provides Additional $91M to Advance Carbon Management Approaches, Building Next Generation Industries -- The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) today (May 5, 2022) announced

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Monetizing Net-Zero and Net-Negative GHG Ethanol

by Brian Jennings (American Coalition for Ethanol)  Climate-smart farming practices, efficiencies at ethanol plants, and the capture and sequestration of biogenic CO2 from facilities puts ethanol on a trajectory to reach both net-zero and net-negative emissions, a trajectory that is

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Plug Supplies Walmart with Green Hydrogen to Power Lift Fleet

by David Worford (Environment + Energy Leader) Walmart will get up to 20 tons of liquid green hydrogen a day as part of an agreement with Plug Power to help power the retailer’s lift trucks at its distribution centers across the

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Opinion: Ethanol Helps Cut Toxic Emissions

by Geoff Cooper (Renewable Fuels Association/Washington Post)  Americans should be thanking President Biden for allowing the continued sale of lower-cost, lower-carbon E15 this summer (letters, “No more ethanol in gas,” April 22). E15 is saving drivers as much as 30

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The “Green Crude” SAF Alternative: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to Alder Fuels

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) Alder Fuels’ Chief Technology Officer, Derek Vardon, shared this illuminating slide guide at ABLC highlighting how they are seeing a future of gathering energy instead of drilling for it and how the solution for

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DOE Unveils $500M Loan for Massive ‘Clean Hydrogen’ Project

by David Iaconangelo (E&E News) The Energy Department’s loan office announced yesterday that it intends to issue a half-billion-dollar guarantee to what it called a “first-of-its-kind” hydrogen project. The $504 million for a Utah project is the third loan guarantee from the

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Growth Energy Holds EPA to RVO Deadline of June 3rd

(Growth Energy) The U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia today (April 25, 2022) approved a consent decree agreement between Growth Energy and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) that requires EPA to finalize its 2020-2022 Renewable Volume Obligations (RVOs)

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15 AlgaePrize Teams Advance as Finalists

(U.S. Department of Energy) 15 teams are advancing as finalists in the U.S. Department of Energy Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) 2022–2023 AlgaePrize competition. Finalist teams were selected based on their 10-page research synopsis which described each team’s research plan for their proposed project

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Rural Partners Network Launched: Empowering Rural Communities to Access Federal Resources

(U.S. Department of Energy) The Rural Partners Network is a new collaboration to strengthen the link between federal agencies and rural communities. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) is proud to join this effort to help create jobs, build

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Sweet Sugarcane Solution: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to California Ethanol + Power

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Here’s a short but sweet look at California Ethanol + Power and their Sugar Valley Energy site of sugarcane feedstock for ethanol production. In today’s Digest, from their sugarcane yields, carbon intensity, acreage, infrastructure, market, jobs,

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Co-Processing Cooperation: National Labs Working Together to Create Clean Energy Fuels

(U.S. Department of Energy)  Since 2018, a multi-laboratory consortium, funded by the U.S. Department of Energy Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) and guided by an industrial advisory board, has focused on adding co-processing of bio-oils into existing refinery units with petroleum feedstocks to produce

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Illinois Tech Researchers Awarded Grant to Scale Up Innovative Carbon Capture and Conversion Process at the Source

(Illinois Institute of Technology)  A team of Illinois Institute of Technology researchers received a grant from ARPA-E to scale up an innovative process of carbon capture and conversion directly from exhaust gas sources such as power plants and industrial sites

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U.S. Biomethane Vehicle Projects Grow 85% in Two Years, Says Argonne

(Argonne National Laboratory)  Made from organic waste, renewable natural gas is rapidly gaining ground as an alternative fuel source with the potential to significantly reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Public and private interest in this low-carbon fuel has grown dramatically in

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Ethanol under Attack and Creating Strange Bedfellows

by Damian Mason (The Business of Agriculture) In February of 2022 a “study” caught wide media attention (as it was designed by its sponsors to specifically do). The study, commissioned by National Wildlife Fund, found that corn ethanol is worse

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JetBlue among Airlines Giving New Life to Sustainable Biofuel

by Tina Casey (Triple Pundit)  The global economy will need liquid fuel for many years to come. That is especially true of the airline industry, which continues to face significant challenges along the road to electrification. What’s wrong with electric airplanes? Electric mobility

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Global Food Crisis Coming and Changes to GHG Modeling for Biofuels

(KIT) ...Two Senate Ag Committee members recently urged the EPA to update its greenhouse gas modeling for biofuels.  Senators John Thune, of South Dakota, and Amy Klobuchar, of Minnesota, asked the EPA to adopt the Argonne National Lab's Greenhouse Gases, Regulated

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Workshop: Bioenergy’s Role in Soil Carbon Storage

(U.S. Department of Energy) What is the role of bioenergy in soil carbon storage? Bioenergy provides a powerful way to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, increase carbon storage in soils, and produce sustainable biomass feedstocks. On March 28–29, 2022, the U.S. Department

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Gen-1 Ethanol Opportunities: Improving Life Cycle GHG Benefits of Existing Biofuel Production Workshop

(U.S. Department of Energy) On February 1, 2022, the U.S. Department of Energy Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) hosted the Gen-1 Ethanol Opportunities: Improving Life Cycle GHG Benefits of Existing Biofuel Production Virtual Workshop. The workshop was designed to gather stakeholder input to assess

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Calculating the Costs of Multiple Switchgrass Gene Copies

(Department of Energy/Joint Genome Institute) A collaborative team led by researchers at the University of Texas (UT) at Austin, the HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology (HudsonAlpha), and the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Joint Genome Institute (JGI), a DOE Office of Science

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Kickstarting aGlobal Advanced Bioeconomy: The Digest’s Multi-Slide Guide to the BioFuture Campaign of the Clean Energy Minsterial

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Biofuture’s Gerard Ostheimer gave this presentation at ABLC 2022 in Washington, DC examining government-owned initiatives and campaigns to exchange knowledge and insights, build networks and partnerships and facilitate coordinated actions in the bioeconomy. In today’s Digest, the

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2022 Clean Energy Ministerial (CEM) and the Ministerial for Mission Innovation (MI) --- September 22-23, 2022 --- Pittsburgh, PA

(U. S. Department of Energy)  Ministerials Will Focus on Implementation Efforts to Achieve COP26 Commitments — The U.S. Department of Energy ... announced Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania as the host city for the 2022 Clean Energy Ministerial (CEM) and the ministerial for Mission

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The Case for Federal Procurement of Carbon Removal

by Erin Burns (Carbon 180)  Our vision for legacy emissions involves the world’s largest customer  --There is unprecedented action on carbon removal in the US today. The bipartisan infrastructure deal of 2021 included billions of dollars for direct air capture (DAC) and

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Catalyst Design to Direct High-Octane Gasoline Fuel Properties for Improved Engine Efficiency

Connor P.Nash, Daniel P.Dupuis, AnuragKumar, Carrie A.Farberow, Anh T.To, CeYang, Evan C.Wegener, Jeffrey T.Miller, Kinga A.Unocic, EarlChristensen, Jesse E.Hensley, Joshua A.Schaidle, Susan E.Habas, Daniel A.Ruddy (Applied Catalysis B: Environmental) Paraffin-to-olefin ratio (P/O) affects the principal gasoline fuel properties. Cu-Zn/BEA catalyst yielded

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ChemCatBio Director Presents at ABLC 2022

(U.S. Department of Energy) Director Josh Schaidle gave a presentation on ChemCatBio during the “Catalyst and Catalytic Upgrading” panel of the Advanced Bioeconomy Leadership Conference (ABLC) 2022 summit, which was held March 16–18 in Washington, D.C. View Director Schaidle’s presentation

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BETO Accepting Applications for Funding Opportunity on “Robust Catalytic Processes” DEADLINE: April 18, 2022

(U.S. Department of Energy)  Catalytic processes for the conversion of biomass and waste resources to sustainable aviation fuel, renewable diesel, and marine fuel is a primary topic area in BETO’s 2022 Waste Feedstocks and Conversion R&D funding opportunity announcement. BETO

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Webinar: Agile BioFoundry Bioproduct Project Overview --- April 29, 2022 --- ONLINE

The U.S. Department of Energy’s Agile BioFoundry (ABF) consortium and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory’s Advanced Biofuels and Bioproducts Process Development Unit (ABPDU) will host a webinar on biomanufacturing research utilizing host organisms. The webinar, titled “Agile Biofoundry Bioproduct Project Overview”

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Senators Introduce Bipartisan Bill to Boost Production, Use of Renewable Diesel, Sustainable Aviation Fuel

(Green Car Congress) Senators Dianne Feinstein (D-CA) and John Barrasso (R-WY) led their colleagues in introducing the Renewable Diesel and Sustainable Aviation Fuel Parity Act of 2022. The legislation is cosponsored by Senators Bill Cassidy (R-LA), Ben Ray Luján (D-NM), and Steve Daines (R-MO). The

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House Committee Holds Hearing on Bioenergy RD&D for the Fuels and Chemicals of Tomorrow

(Bergeson & Campbell) On March 16, 2022, the House Science, Space, and Technology Subcommittee on Energy held a hearing on “Bioenergy Research and Development for the Fuels and Chemicals of Tomorrow.” According to the hearing charter, the purpose of the hearing was

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It’s Time to Harness Full Range of Economic, National and Energy Security, Public Health and Environmental Solutions Renewable Fuels Can Provide

(Solutions from the Land) ... Unfortunately, he has ignored a widely available, less expensive source of clean transportation fuel – biofuels, like ethanol – that could help ease those prices and supply concerns. Russian oil represents only 2 percent of all U.S.

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Thune, Klobuchar Urge EPA to Update Biofuel Emissions Modeling

(KLGR) Two Senate Ag Committee members recently urged the Environmental Protection Agency to update its greenhouse gas modeling for biofuels.  Senators John Thune, a South Dakota Republican, and Amy Klobuchar, a Minnesota Democrat, asked the EPA to adopt the Argonne National Lab’s

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A Word about Diesel Fuel Prices: HIGH -- Reducing the Impact of Higher Diesel Fuel Prices Is Possible

(Diesel Technology Forum) ... Also using more biodiesel fuels can help offset the higher costs of petroleum diesel. Biodiesel fuels (B20) were running about 20 cents less per  gallon than petroleum diesel, according to the latest information from the U.S.

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Not Your Average SOS: Research Methods to Respond to and Prevent Algae Crop Collapse

by Daniel B. Fishman and Anne Otwell (U.S. Department of Energy) National laboratories discover the telltale signs of algae distress to target effective treatments and mitigate crop collapse.  --  Algae are an exciting renewable feedstock for the future of sustainable

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Bioconversion of Algae Proteins & Carbs: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to Sandia National Lab’s Algae Work

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) If you want to know what is being done to overcome current limitations for conversion of algae biomass to fuels and bioproducts by efficient utilization of proteins and carbohydrates, which are the dominant components of

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New Perspective Highlights Promise of Hybrid Approach for Cellulosic Biofuel Production

by S. Heather Duncan (Oak Ridge National Laboratory)  Scientists with the Center for Bioenergy Innovation at ORNL highlighted a hybrid approach that uses microbes and catalysis to convert cellulosic biomass into fuels suitable for aviation and other difficult-to-electrify sectors. -- The

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Separation Innovations & Tech: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to Bioprocessing Separations Consortium

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  50-70% of bioprocessing costs are associated with separations, so there is a need to raise technical maturity of separations for biomass-derived intermediate and product streams while reducing costs and addressing the major separation challenges. So

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Artificial Photosynthesis: The Ultimate Renewable Tech

(Bio Market Insights) Around 3.5 billion years ago, plants became able to turn sunlight and carbon dioxide into energy. Researchers in the field of artificial photosynthesis are figuring out how humans could do the same. Plant photosynthesis consists of three steps. First,

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Argonne Researcher Tests New Approach to Lighten the Carbon Footprint of Locomotives

by Kristen Mally Dean (Argonne National Laboratory) Using hydrous ethanol as a dual fuel in internal combustion engines may help reduce greenhouse gases in the rail industry. -- ... Essam El-Hannouny, a principal mechanical engineer at the Department of Energy’s (DOE)

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AECOM Enters Strategic Partnership with Genifuel to Transform Algae and Wastewater Biosolids into Sustainable Aviation Fuel

(AECOM)  AECOM, the world’s trusted infrastructure consulting firm, today announced it has signed a strategic agreement with Genifuel Corporation to scale production of carbon neutral sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) and biogas from wild algae and biosolids. The partnership employs a patent-pending

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New Bioprocesses for Lignin Valorization: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to NREL’s Biological Lignin Work

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  NREL is focusing on commodity productswith sufficient market sizes to aid biofuels production (e.g., adipic acid), working with Lignin Util. & SepConfor lignin substrates, and developing innovative biocatalysts and bioprocesses for lignin valorization. Get all

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DOE BETO FY22 Waste Feedstock and Conversion Funding Opportunity Informational Webinar --- March 31, 2022 --- ONLINE

On March 22, 2022, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) announced a new $34.5 million funding opportunity to improve the current science and infrastructure for converting waste streams, often disproportionately located in underserved communities, into valuable

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Greener Biofuel Production Beckons

(Chemical Processing) Novel electrocatalyst-based system operates at mild conditions and produces hydrogen -- A research team at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, Wash., has developed a patent-pending system that uses a flow cell bioreactor to turn carbon previously

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EIA Projects U.S. Renewable Diesel Supply to Surpass Biodiesel in AEO2022

by Estella Shi, Will Sommer, Andrew Smiddy (U.S. Energy Information Administration) In our Annual Energy Outlook 2022 (AEO2022) Reference case, which reflects current laws and regulations, we project that renewable diesel supply (domestic production and net imports) will exceed biodiesel supply in the near

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Department of Energy Announces $34.5 Million for Improved Bioenergy Resource Recovery and Conversion Systems DEADLINE April 18, 2022

(U.S. Department of Energy)  New funding opportunity helps underserved communities turn waste into a resource for a clean and equitable energy economy --  Today, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) announced a new $34.5 million funding opportunity to improve the current

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Comments on “Environmental Outcomes of the US Renewable Fuel Standard”

by F. Taheripour, S. Mueller, H. Kwon, M. Khanna, I. Emery, K. Copenhaver, M. Wang (Argonne National Laboratory)  The Systems Assessment Center and its collaborators provide a detailed technical review of a recently published article “Environmental Outcomes of the US

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The Comment that Silenced the Crowd: Heard on the Floor at ABLC 2022

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ...  Topsoe’s Mikala Grubb stepped in. “What we have is a solids to liquids conversion problem.” The room went quiet, quiet like a church. “750 delegates negotiating in a small hotel but you can hear a watch

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In Search of a Later Biomass Expiration Date

by Nichole Fitzgerald (U.S. Department of Energy) How Idaho National Laboratory's Dr. Lynn Wendt has come to understand and mitigate the detrimental impacts of biomass decay after harvest.  --  Renewable biomass is one of the key clean energy resources that will

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ETHANOL Outlook Sunny; Try Again

by Geogg Cooper (Renewable Fuels Association/Minneapolis Star Tribune) Contrary to the assertions of the March 13 article "Ethanol's emissions clouding its benefits," ethanol's environmental benefits are as clear as the blue sky on a cloudless, sunny day. While the article correctly mentions that

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Bioenergy Research and Development for the Fuels and Chemicals of Tomorrow

(Bergeson & Campbell)  On March 16, 2022, the House Science, Space, and Technology Subcommittee on Energy held a hearing on “Bioenergy Research and Development for the Fuels and Chemicals of Tomorrow.” According to the hearing charter, the purpose of the hearing

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Biofuels Leaders Agree Robust, Consistent Policy Needs to Support Decarbonization Goals

by Nicole Heslip (Brownfield Ag News) Leaders from the biofuels industry say the dialog between biofuels and refining communities is changing as efforts increase to decarbonize the economy.  Growth Energy CEO Emily Skor says the U.S. simply cannot achieve its climate goals

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Argonne Pioneers New Processes to Create Materials for Batteries, Biofuels

(Newswise/Argonne National Laboratory) New chemical separations enable battery recycling, biodiesel  --  When recycling cans and bottles, at some point it becomes necessary to separate out plastic from metal. When recycling car batteries, getting out the most valuable metals also requires a separation,

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ABLC 2022 – State of the Industry

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest)  ABLC’s theme of “Dawn of Net Zero” and hundreds of delegates from organizations all over the world grappling with the immense opportunities and supply chain challenges posed by the world’s rapid turn towards charting

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Growth Energy Calls on DOE to Set the Record Straight on Anti-Ethanol Study

(Growth Energy) Growth Energy CEO Emily Skor sent a letter to U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Secretary Jennifer Granholm calling on the department to address the most recent inaccurate and misleading study by Tyler Lark and others that claims to have been partially

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Beyond Corn: Panel Mulls Future of Bio-Based Fuels, Chemicals

by Mark Heller (E&E Daily) The House Science, Space and Technology Committee will hold a hearing this week on bioenergy.  -- The House Science, Space and Technology Committee this week will peek into the future of biofuels — a future that's

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U.S. Ethanol Industry Banks on Carbon Capture to Solve Emissions Problem

by Leah Douglas (Reuters/Investing.com)  U.S. ethanol producers are betting heavily on carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology to lower their greenhouse gas emissions and secure a place for the corn-based fuel in a climate-friendly future, according to industry groups and executives. But the

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UNT BioDiscovery Institute Is One Step Closer to Sustainable Plant-Based Fuel

by Amy Brundeen (University of North Texas)  ... Helping plants produce C-lignin could lead to crops that are useful for creating an economically feasible plant-based jet fuel, among other applications. The latest findings from (Richrd) Dixon’s lab at UNT’s BioDiscovery

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Hydrogen Trucks Get a Boost

by Matthew Choi (Politico's Morning Energy) Lawmakers in both parties and chambers hope to reduce heavy trucking emissions, and they view hydrogen as just the ticket to make that happen. Sens. Chris Coons (D-Del.) and John Cornyn (R-Texas), as well as Reps. Katie Porter (D-Calif.) and Gus Bilirakis (R-Fla.),

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Disclosure of Information Claimed as, or Determined by EPA To Be, Confidential Business Information (CBI) in Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) Small Refinery Exemption Petitions and Certain RFS Compliance Reports

( Environmental Protection Agency/Federal Register) The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is providing notice of disclosure to all obligated parties under the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) program that have petitioned for a small refinery exemption (SRE) or that have submitted any

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Ethanol Can Help Reduce Toxic Gasoline Aromatics

by Savannah Bertrand (Environmental and Energy Study Institute) Every gallon of gasoline sold in the United States contains toxic chemicals called aromatic hydrocarbons—mainly mixtures of BTEX chemicals, which stands for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene—that increase octane. Higher octane levels prevent engines from prematurely

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DOE Publishes Report on CCS Supply Chain Risk

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) A report released by the U.S. Department of Energy in February found that the development of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology poses no significant supply chain risk and will support the U.S. government in

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Outstanding Faculty in Discovery: Kilaz Aims for Sustainably Fueled Future

by John O'Malley (Purdue University) Gozdem Kilaz, associate professor of engineering technology, has been recognized for her contributions to the research mission in Purdue University’s Polytechnic Institute. In May 2021, Kilaz received the college’s Outstanding Faculty in Discovery Award. Kilaz holds bachelor’s

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To the (Climate) Rescue: From First Blip in Chromatogram to Deployment at Industrial Pilot Scale

 by Fungmin Eric Liew (Lanza Tech/Nature Bioengineering Community)  Industrial waste gas can serve as feedstock to manufacture fuels and chemicals through gas fermentation. Our work describes a collaborative and multidisciplinary team effort to engineer gas-utilizing microbe to produce acetone and

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Growth Energy Submits RVO Comments to Debunk Anti-ethanol Study

(Growth Energy/Ethanol Producer Magazine) Yesterday, Growth Energy submitted supplemental comments to the U.S. EPA responding to erroneous comments from others on the environmental, economic, and compliance impacts of EPA’s proposed 2020, 2021, and 2022 renewable volume obligations (RVOs) under the Renewable Fuel Standard

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Now on Broadway: LanzaTech’s $2.2B SPAC Merger Takes the Advanced Bioeconomy’s Biggest Hit to an Even Bigger Stage

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) In Illinois, news arrived that LanzaTech will go public in a merger with the NASDAQ-traded blank check firm AMCI Acquisition Corp II. The deal is reported to value the company at $2.2 billion. The transaction is expected

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Artificial Intelligence Predicts Algae Potential as Alternative Energy Source

by Blair Fannin  (Texas A&M University/AgriLife Today) Jet fuel, animal feed among potential products from algae -- Texas A&M AgriLife Research scientists are using artificial intelligence to set a new world record for producing algae as a reliable, economic source for

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Energy Vision/Argonne Analysis Shows Growth in US Renewable Natural Gas Industry

(Energy Vision) Expanding RNG Could Be a Key Strategy for Cutting Methane Emissions and Tackling Climate Change -- The sustainable energy NGO Energy Vision today released its latest assessment of the US renewable natural gas (RNG) industry, performed on behalf

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Nova Pangaea, Aemetis, World Energy, Gevo, USA BioEnergy, Sherdar Australia Bio Refinery, DG Fuels, and Sweetwater Commercialization

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) Nova Pangaea Technologies, the UK cleantech company at the heart of the drive to Net Zero, started the Front-End Engineering Design (FEED) study for its first commercial plant in the UK. Aemetis, Gevo, USA BioEnergy,

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Delegations From Latin America, Mexico Visit U.S., Attend Ethanol Events

(U.S. Grains Council/GrainNet) As part of ongoing market development efforts in Chile, Guatemala, and Mexico, and to increase ethanol use in Colombia, the U.S. Grains Council (USGC)hosted a delegation comprised of key government and industry representatives last week. The group attended the National Ethanol Conference (NEC) in New Orleans before visiting the Denver area

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Bioenergy’s Role in Soil Carbon Storage --- March 28-29, 2022 --- ONLINE

On March 28-29th, 2022, the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy’s Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) will host a public virtual workshop to discuss soil carbon storage with a focus on the role of bioenergy. The

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Clear Evidence of How Higher Ethanol Blends Lower Gasoline Prices

by Joanne Ivancic (Advanced Biofuels USA)  Pictures worth 1000 words show the prices on March 1 at a Sheetz in Virginia. Compare the E10 Regular to E15 Unleaded 88 and E85 FlexFuel.  Compare those to the price of E0 --

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Think Gas Prices Are High Now? If Ethanol Didn’t Exist, You’d Pay Even More

by Andrew Wulfeck (FOX Weather)  U.S. Department of Energy reports more than 98 percent of gasoline contains some ethanol -- ... Because of continuous fluctuating prices, studies have had difficulty capturing the exact monetary benefit of ethanol usage but have

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Beyond Fossil Carbon? Green Electricity Is Opening Doors to Low-Emission Alternatives for Making Fuels and Chemicals

by Erik F. Ringle (National Renewable Energy Laboratory)  With Extensive Data, Broad Analyses, and Detailed Models, NREL Scientists and Collaborators Stake the Boundaries of Producing Chemicals and Fuels From Carbon Dioxide, Biomass, and Renewable Electricity -- ... In fact, growing supplies of

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New Initiative Launched to Better Define Carbon Intensity for Hydrogen

(GTI Energy) GTI Energy, S&P Global Commodity Insights and the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) today launched the Open Hydrogen Initiative (OHI), a new collaboration to further transparency into the environmental impact of hydrogen production and help unlock its full

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De-Risking Biorefinery Scale-up and Startup: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to FCIC

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The Feedstock-Conversion Interface Consortium is led by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) and coordinates efforts among 9 labs – big ones like NREL, ORNL, Sandia, INL and others. Check out the

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Impact of Ethanol-Blended Fuel in Vehicles: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to NREL’s Ethanol Study

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) National Renewable Energy Laboratory’sstudy looks at the impact of ethanol-blended fuel at various blending levels (10%, 15%, and 20% vol.) on “in-operation” vehicles built to differing emissions and manufacturing standards around the world – focusing

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Bioenergy Sorghum’s Roots Can Replenish Carbon in Soil

by  Olga Kuchment (Agri-Life Today) Texas A&M AgriLife study shows the annual crop can sequester atmospheric carbon dioxide  -- The study, “Bioenergy sorghum’s deep roots: A key to sustainable biomass production on annual cropland,” was recently published in GCB Bioenergy. According to the

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DOE Issues 2 RFIs on Biomass Conversion, Organic Waste

(U.S. Department of Energy/Biomass Magazine)   The U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Bioenergy Technologies Office has released two new requests for information (RFIs) related to biomass conversion research and development and community organic waste programs. The

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Court Ruling on Social Cost of Carbon Upends Biden’s Climate Plans

by Maxine Joselow  (Washington Post) A recent court ruling that bars the Biden administration from accounting for the real-world costs of climate change has created temporary chaos at federal agencies, upending everything from planned oil and gas lease sales to infrastructure

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Carbon-Negative Production of Acetone and Isopropanol by Gas Fermentation at Industrial Pilot Scale

by Fungmin Eric Liew, Robert Nogle, Tanus Abdalla, et al. (Nature Biotechnology) Many industrial chemicals that are produced from fossil resources could be manufactured more sustainably through fermentation. Here we describe the development of a carbon-negative fermentation route to producing

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Climate Friendly Jet Fuel: 3 Strategies for Accelerating Its Production

(U.S. Department of Energy) Supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Bioenergy Technologies Office, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory is striving to bring more low- and zero-net-carbon sustainable aviation fuel to the market. The equivalent of 30,000 Olympic-sized swimming pools—that’s how

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Setting the Record Straight on the Environmental Outcomes of the Renewable Fuel Standard

by Geoff Cooper (Renewable Fuels Association) A new report published today (February 14, 2022) in the Proceedings of the National Academy of the Sciences, funded in part by the National Wildlife Federation, purports to examine the “environmental outcomes” of the Renewable

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Sustainable Aviation Fuel on the Global Climate Agenda -- Part 4 of a Series, "Sustainable Aviation Fuels: A Critical Emissions Mitigation Strategy Gaining Momentum"

by Jeff Overton (Environmental and Energy Study Institute)  During transportation day at COPO26, the focus for the aviation sector was setting targets and commitments for aviation emissions reduction, as well as the announcement of plans and strategies for lowering aviation’s climate impact.

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Grand Challenge and Federal Legislation Seek to Advance Sustainable Aviation Fuels -- Part 2 in a Series, "Sustainable Aviation Fuels: A Critical Emissions Mitigation Strategy Gaining Momentum"

by Jeff Overton (Environmental and Energy Study Institute)  ... The Biden-Harris Administration and Congress are focusing on expanding the use of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) through multi-agency coordination to reduce climate emissions from aviation.... ... On September 9, 2021, the Biden-Harris Administration

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From the Lab to the Sky: Five Things to Know about Biofuel-Powered Flights

(U.S. Department of Energy ) On December 1, 2021, a United 737 Max 8 carried more than 100 passengers from Chicago to Washington, D.C.—just one of roughly 87,000 flights over the United States that day. Reporters and TV crews gathered to

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EERE Teams with the National Science Foundation and the U.S. Dept. of Homeland Security on the Civic Innovation Challenge 2022

(U.S. Department of Energy) The U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) has teamed with the National Science Foundation (NSF) and the U.S. Department of Homeland Security on NSF’s Civic Innovation Challenge 2022 (CIVIC), a national

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U.S. Department of Energy Announces $19 Million for Carbon Utilization Funding Opportunity DEADLINE: March 18, 2022

(U.S. Department of Energy) The U.S. Department of Energy’s Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) in the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) and the Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management’s (FECM's) Carbon Utilization Program announced up to $19 million

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LanzaJet and Marquis Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) Partner to Build an Integrated Sustainable Fuels Plant in Illinois

(LanzaJet) This partnership will utilize carbon capture and sequestration, renewable energy, and other innovative practices to bring lower-cost, low carbon-intensity sustainable aviation fuel, renewable diesel, and other sustainable hydrocarbons to the global market and help accelerate the decarbonization of various

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Garbage Changing the Game? How Municipal Waste Is Becoming a Bioenergy Champion

by Michelle Goff (Idaho National Laboratory) As our global need for sustainable fuel grows, bioenergy is one resource that holds the key to unlocking a cleaner, more renewable energy future. Idaho National Laboratory (INL) bioenergy researcher Rebecca Brown is leading new research that supports

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Alder Fuels CEO Bryan Sherbacow Wins the 2022 Global Bioeconomy Leadership Award for 2022

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) In Florida, The Daily Digest announced that Alder Fuels CEO Bryan Sherbacow will receive the 2022 Global Bioeconomy Leadership Award and will give the Global Leadership Address at ABLC 2022, the Advanced Bioeconomy Leadership Conference, on

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Accelerating Innovations in Biomanufacturing Approaches through Collaboration between NSF and the DOE BETO Funded Agile BioFoundry (NSF-DOE/ABF Collaboration) DEADLINE: April 4, 2022

(U.S. Department of Energy)  The Agile BioFoundry (ABF), a biomanufacturing consortium funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO), is partnering with the National Science Foundation (NSF) to fund new research. This new funding opportunity is

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Some Highlights - "Monthly Energy Review" with data through October 31, 2021

(U.S. Energy Information Administration ) The production of fuel ethanol rebounded a bit (up by 7.45%) during the first ten months of 2021 compared to the same period in 2020 but still 6.06% below 2019's level. Consumption was also up in

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Process Removes Biofuel Contaminants from Wastewater and Generates Hydrogen to Fuel Its Own Operation

by Karyn Hede (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory/Phys.Org)  ... "The currently used methods of treating biocrude requires high-pressure hydrogen, which is usually generated from natural gas," said Juan A. Lopez-Ruiz, a PNNL chemical engineer and project lead. "Our system can generate

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New DOE Request for Information Released on Biomass Conversion Research, Development, and Analysis Programs DEADLINE March 11, 2022

(U.S. Department of Energy)  The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) has released a new request for information (RFI) on several priority areas relating to activities in the Conversion Research and Development (R&D)

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New Request for Information on Scaling and Energy Strategies for Organic Waste Streams DEADLINE March 11, 2022

(U.S. Department of Energy) The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) has released a new request for information (RFI) for feedback related to community-scale resource and energy strategies from organic waste streams. The RFI,

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Algae Biomaterials Research Gets $6.4 Million Funding Boost from the US Department of Energy

(The Fish Site) Researchers with Montana State University have been awarded a series of grants totalling $6.4 million to identify ways algae can be used for biofuels and other products as it removes carbon dioxide from the air. -- Building

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AlgaePrize Competition DEADLINE: March 2, 2022

(U.S. Department of Energy)Launched in January 2022, the AlgaePrize is a new competition from the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) that encourages students to pursue innovative ideas for the development, design,

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Microalgal Crops: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to MicroBio

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) From algal-based wastewater treatment plants and purification ponds with biofuels/co-products in California to aviation fuels and algae strain improvements, MicroBio is leading R&D and innovation of microalgae cultivation for bio products. Get all the

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Biofuel Plant in Greenfield Gearing up to Start Operation

by Mary Byrne (The Reporter) Nearly six years after its anticipated opening, Northeast Biodiesel LLC — a biofuel manufacturing plant located in the Industrial Park — is once again gearing up to start operation. The new general manager, Rick Durepo, who was

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White House Will Recruit Rural Land for New Clean Energy Projects, Could It Create Too Much Competition for Land?

by Tyne Morgan (Farm Journal AgWeb) The Biden Administration is ramping up its efforts to deploy clean energy infrastructure across the country. The White House announced this week plans to utilize public lands and rural America for wind, solar and other clean energy

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Drivers, Get Ready for $4 Gas

by Tom Kloza  (CNN Business Perspectives/Oil Price Information Service)  ... And if Omicron doesn't result in another round of widespread lockdowns or crackdowns on social gatherings, we can expect to see record-high gas prices nearing $4 a gallon in dozens

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LanzaJet Secures Industry-Leading, Innovative Financing with Microsoft Climate Innovation Fund to Construct the World’s First Commercial Alcohol-to-Jet Sustainable Fuel Plant

(LanzaJet)  LanzaJet partners with Microsoft Climate Innovation Fund to enable the transition towards net-zero sustainable fuels --   Today, LanzaJet, a sustainable fuels technology company and renewable fuels producer, announced it has secured financing for its Freedom Pines Fuels plant in Soperton,

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3 Ways the Catalyst Property Database Can Accelerate Biofuels Research

by Zia Abdullah (U.S. Department of Energy) National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) researchers have developed a public, online library of catalyst data. It could be fertile ground for breakthroughs in catalytic technologies needed to turn renewable biomass or waste materials

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The Bioeconomy Jump to Light Speed: 10 Storylines Shaking the World: Exxon, J-M, KLM, UGI, Amyris, Tesla, Origin, More

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) In recent days, we’ve had 10 stories that shook the world. The players are so big, the technologies so ambitious, the scale so huge and the risks in some cases so high — we’ve grouped them

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Department Of Energy Announces $13.4 Million Investment to Combat Plastic Waste and Reduce Emissions Across The Plastics Industry

(U.S. Department of Energy) The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) has awarded $13.4 million to seven projects for research and development of novel recycling processes and technologies that that will cut plastic waste and reduce the energy consumption and carbon emissions of single-use plastics at every stage of their lifecycle.   Single-use plastics – plastic bags,

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Which Is More Important To Biofuels – The Soil Or The Crop?

by James Conca (Forbes) ... Plants take carbon from the air, build cells, then release some of the carbon into the soil through roots and root exudates. Some have suggested that growing biofuel crops in marginal soils, which generally have low carbon content,

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Explainer-What Is at Stake for the U.S. Biofuel Blending Law in 2022 and Beyond

by Stephanie Kelly (Reuters/Investing.com) The U.S. biofuel blending program known as the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) could see its most transformative year yet in 2022, as the Biden Administration must make decisions to reset statutes that mandate U.S. renewable fuel

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See How E15-Compatible Your Station Is Right Now

(FlexFuelForward.com/National Renewable Energy Laboratory) You don’t need x-ray vision to see if your fueling infrastructure is compatible with E15. Just use Flex Check to search components by manufacturer, model number, or component category (such as: above ground equipment, above ground tank,

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Carbon Negative Biofuels Can Build Soil and Rural Prosperity

by Chuck Hassebrook, David Laird and Jill Euken (The Gazette)  ... That pathway is the Pyrolysis-Biochar-Bioenergy Platform, which produces biofuel and biochar by heating crop residue, grass, wood or other forms of biomass in the absence of oxygen. Biochar is a

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Barriers to Scale for Algae: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to BETO’s Algae Crop Protection

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest)  How can algae crop protection facilitate scaling of the algae industry? That’s what a BETO workshop focused on when it gathered experts in algal research and production, regulatory bodies and agriculture/aquaculture experts, to discuss

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Charting a Course toward Cleaner Shipping

by Christina Nunez  (Industry Today) Research suggests that swapping heavy fuel with fuel made from wood waste, waste fats, oils and greases could cut planet-warming emissions. ... Using batteries instead of heavy fuel oil to propel gigantic cargo ships, which annually

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OPINION: Take the Opportunity to Save on Capital Improvements

by Robert White (Renewable Fuels Association/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  ... While the Alternative Fuel Infrastructure Tax Credit expired at the end of 2021, it still provides fuel marketers the ability to claim a tax credit for 30 percent of the cost, up

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Gen-1 Ethanol Opportunities: Improving Lifecycle GHG Benefits of Existing Biofuel Production --- February 1, 2022 --- ONLINE

On February 1st, 2022, the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy’s Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) will host the Gen-1 Ethanol Opportunities: Improving Lifecycle GHG Benefits of Existing Biofuel Production Virtual Workshop. The workshop is

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JBEI’s Aviation Program: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to Joint BioEnergy Institute

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest)  6 DOE National Labs and 6 Universities are partners with the Joint BioEnergy Institute to help transform the maximum amount of carbon available in bioenergy crops into biofuels and bioproducts. From the importance of jet

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Top 10 Predictions for the Advanced Bioeconomy in 2022

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) A mere “The Year in Rewind” as we sail into 2022? Not the good ship Digest! Instead, we dust off our crystal ball and offer our predictions for the year ahead. As the sunset of 2021 gives

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USDA Secretary Vilsack Meets with GE Aviation on Sustainable Aviation Fuel to Reduce CO2

by Jay Stowe (GE Aviation/Biobased Diesel Daily) After leading USDA Secretary Tom Vilsack on a tour of the engine development assembly facility at GE Aviation’s headquarters in Evendale, Ohio, in early December, chief engineer Chris Lorence posed a rhetorical question to

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Industrial Innovation: Bioenergy Expands the Possible Fact Sheet

(U.S. Department of Energy) The U.S. Department of Energy Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) is driving research and development on a wide range of technologies and manufacturing improvements that make biofuels and bioproducts cost competitive and effective at meeting the needs of

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Bioproducts: A Clean Energy Solution Fact Sheet

(U.S. Department of Energy) In an effort to build a 100% clean energy economy, the United States is investing in research to develop innovative products made from biological material. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions to meet these goals will require more than

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Algae: A Single Cell for Multiple Solutions Fact Sheet

(U.S. Department of Energy) The U.S. Department of Energy Bioenergy Technologies Off­ice supports public and private partners that work to improve and increase the use of algae for production of biofuels and bioproducts. This fact sheet provides an overview of this

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DOE Establishes New Office of Clean Energy Demonstrations under the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law

(U.S. Department of Energy) DOE Will Oversee $20 Billion Federal Investment to Stand Up Clean Energy Projects Across the U.S. to Reach President Biden’s Net-Zero Goals --  The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) today announced the establishment of the Office of Clean Energy

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Biofuels Are Having a Government-Funding Moment

by Angely Mercado (Popular Science) ...  Just this month, the Department of Energy (DOE) announced a plan to provide more than $100 million for basic research and tech development to produce biofuels, biomaterials, and bioproducts. Biofuels are liquid fuels produced from renewable sources,

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Workshop on Biofuel Greenhouse Gas Modeling --- February 28-March 1, 2022 --- ONLINE Public Comments DEADLINE: April 1, 2022

EPA is hosting a virtual public workshop on biofuel greenhouse gas (GHG) modeling February 28 - March 1, 2022. This is a virtual meeting and open to the public. The purpose of this workshop is to solicit information on the current

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New Energy Vision Report Analyzes Non-Petroleum Fuel Options for Waste & Recycling Fleets

(Waste Advantage Magazine)  The sustainable energy NGO Energy Vision published a new report on waste and recycling collection truck fleets, entitled The Refuse Revolution. It assesses various alternative fuels and new vehicle technologies for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and other

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DOE Risks Wasting ‘Significant Funds’ on CCS — Audit

by Carlos Anchondo and Jeremy Dillon (E&E News) The Department of Energy is at risk of wasting a significant amount of money on carbon capture and storage demonstration projects without greater oversight, according to a new Government Accountability Office report. The report, released

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NREL Seeks Applications for 2022 Executive Energy Leadership Program DEADLINE: January 14, 2022

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) In Colorado, the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) is seeking applicants for its 2022 Executive Energy Leadership Program—otherwise known as Energy Execs. Energy Execs provides industry and community leaders an opportunity to

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New Request for Information on Renewable Fuel Scale-Up and Demonstration Released by DOE DEADLINE: January 31, 2022

(U.S. Department of Energy) The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) has released a new Request for Information (RFI) on the scale-up and demonstration of renewable fuels. The RFI, titled “Overcoming Barriers to Renewable Fuel Scale-Up and Demonstration,” seeks input from biofuels

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American-Made Challenges: Inclusive Energy Innovation Prize DEADLINE: February 25, 2022

(U.S. Department of Energy) Pathways to an Inclusive Energy Future  --  Disadvantaged communities have experienced—and still experience—the negative impacts of climate change, global warming, and pollution at higher rates than the general population. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Energy

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Do We Want All of These Electric Car Mines? If EVs Are Supposed to Be a Social Good, How Do We Deal with Them Needing Mines Nobody Wants?

by Raphael Orlove (Jalopnik) ... 1st Gear: Here’s Another Fun ‘Wait Do We Actually Want These Lithium Mines’ Article -- Every day I feel like there’s a new article about lithium mining coming home. Just the other day, Bloomberg was wringing its

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thermocellum cloud point clover cmelina CNG Conversion kit co co-generation co-location Co-op Extension co-operative co-processing co-products CO2 Electrolysis CO2 neutral fuels CO2Removal Certificates (CORCs) coal Coal and Biomass to Liquid (CBTL) Coast Guard coastal habitat conservation coastal hay cobalt cock's foot coco coco methyl ester (CME) cocoa Coconut coffee coffee cherries coffee grounds coffee pulp cold flow cold-tolerance college/university Colombia Colorado combined heat and power (CHP) Comment Request commercial flights commercialization commissioning commo Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) commodity trading common reed Community activity community college Community involvement/engagement community scale Community Wood Energy Program competition compliance compliance credits compost Compressed Natural Gas (CNG/R-CNG/bioCNG) compression ratios compression-ignition engine computer simulation concrete condensate Congo Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Connecticut Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP) construction and demolition waste/debris consumer education contamination contest contrails conversion technology Cook Islands cook stoves cooking fuel cooperatives COP21 COP22 COP23 COP24 COP25 COP26 COP27 COP28 COP29 COP30 copper coppice cordgrass corn bran Corn cobs corn ethanol corn fiber corn growers corn harvest corn kernel corn meal corn oil corn oil/distillers corn oil (DCO) corn prices corn stalks corn stover corn supply corn surplus corn syrup corn-based products corn/maize Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards corporate social responsibility corrosion corruption CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) cosmetics Costa Rica cotton cotton seed hulls cotton seed oil cotton stalk cottonwood Council on Environmental Quality county cover crops cow rumen cracking Crambe crassulacean acid metabolism plants (CAM) crimes criteria pollutants Croatia crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude oil Cuba cup plant cuphea currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cusi cutworm caterpillars cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) cylindro Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs d-5 D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D20 (20%DME) D5 (5%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA date kernel oil date palm date palm pits date palm waste Dates DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act deficit definitions deforestation defossilization Dehydration Delaware DeltaWing demonstration demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify density Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security Department of Justice Department of Labor Department of the Interior Department of Transportation (DOT) depolymerization depots dextrose dfdsffsfdfsf diatoms diesel Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) diesel fuel blendstock diesel prices Diesel R5 diesel with renewables diesel-range hydrocarbons diesel-to-biodiesel conversion diethyl ether digital Digital Biology diisobutylene (DIB) dilute acid hydrolysis pretreatment DIN 51605 DIN EN 15376 (Ethanol blending component) direct air capture direct injection direct ocean capture Direct Sugar to Hydrocarbon Conversion (DSHC) direct-to-fuel directed evolution dispense distillates distillation distilled biodiesel distilled palm methyl ester (DPME) distilleries distributed/centralized distribution distribution capacity distribution waiver diversification divestment DME/rDME (dimethyl ether)/renewable DME DMF (2.5-dimethylfuran) Dominican Republic double cropping drawdown Drones/Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) drop-in biofuels/hydrocarbons drought drought tolerant drought-resistant dry ice dual cropping Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E100 E100 conversion kit E11 E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E2 E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E3 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E70 diesel E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency egg shell Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric Vehicle (EV) Prices electric grid electricity electricity price electricity/power generation electricity/power transmission electrocatalysis electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels (e-fuels) electrofuels (e-fuels) prices electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) electrons Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants embargo eminent domain emissions emissions standards EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 EN 228 EN 590 EN228 (standard pump gasoline) end user end-of-life Endangered Species Act (ESA) Energy Bill energy cane energy consumption energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy prices energy reserves Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine Development engine problems Engine/Fuel Co-optimization engineering England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment environmental impact study (EIS) environmental justice/socially inclusive environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Environmentalists Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic depolymerization enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling Enzyme solicitation enzymes EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) Equatorial Guinea equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) etha ethane ethanol ethanol benefits ethanol blend wall ethanol blended diesel ED ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol emissions ethanol ether diesel fuel ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol to gas ethanol tolerance ethanol-fueled aircraft Ethanol-to-Gasoline (ETG) ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/diesel ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethyl levulinate (EL) ethylbenzene ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order executive order--state Extended Range Electric Vehicle (EREV) externalities extremophiles f F Factor F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farmers farming farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation Feedstocks fermentation ferry fertilizer fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) Fischer-Tropsch/FT fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources Forest Service forestry forklifts Formate formic acid fossil carbon fossil fuel Frace fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud free fatty acids (FFA) Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon gallium Gambia games gas prices gas tax/highway user fee gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gasoline-range hydrocarbons Gemany General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Gerrmany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) Intensity giant cane giant kelp Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect Global South global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grain sorghum/milo grain speculators grains GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery green/black economy Greenland GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Guinea Bissau Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP gypsum h Haiti Halophytes harvest site processing harvesting Hawai'i hay hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ HDO-SAK (hydro deoxygenated synthetic aromatic kerosene) health health benefits health effects heat of combustion heat of vaporization heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) high octane low carbon (HOLC) fuel High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 HVO20 HVO30 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrid ships hybrids hydrocarbon fuels Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydroformylation hydrogen aircraft hydrogen carrier hydrogen combustion engines hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen leaks hydrogen pipeline hydrogen pumps/fueling stations hydrogen tax credit hydrogen terminal Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Price hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogenolysis hydropower Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal gasification hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois Illiois illuppai ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indian beech tree Indian grass Indiana indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial burners industrial ethanol industrial gases industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated biorefineries integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine (ICE) internal combustion engine (ICE)/gasoline engine ban International international balance of payments International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Sustainability and Carbon Certification model(ISCC) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit Invvesting ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron iron oxide IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isobutylene isomerisation isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica jamelão Japan jatobá Jatropha Jersey Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 jet B Jetfuel (Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs Joint Office of Energy and Transportation jojoba Jordan JP-10 JP-4 JP-5/NATO F-44 JP-8/NATO F-34 juniper Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kalanchoe kamani Kans grass Kansas Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati knotweed Knowledge Discovery Framework Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kulpa kusum Kuwait Kygryzstan labels labor policy Labrador lactic acid lactose Lake County lamp oil land ownership land prices land rights land subsidence land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy landfill methane Landfills landscape Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead Leadtree leaf ant Lebanon lecithin legislation Legislation-Federal Legislation-State lemna lend-lease Lesotho lesquerella leucaena levulinic acid Liberia Libya licensing lichens life cycle analysis (LCA) light rail lignin Lignin Ethanol Oil (LEO) Lignocellulosic Biofuel lignocellulosic sugars lime Lipid liquefaction liquid liquid petroleum gas (LPG) liquid transportation fuels liquidation Liquified Biogas (LBG) Liquified Biogas (LBG) pumps liquified biomethane (LBM) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logistics long-term contracts Louis Louisiana low c low carbon emissions low carbon octane standard (LCOS) Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel low sulfur fuel low sulfur marine fuel lubricants lumber mill Luxembourg lysis M100 M15 M3 M50 ma macadamia macauba Macedonia machine learning machinery macororo Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona management changes mandates mangaba manganese mango mangrove Manitoba mannose manure maple maps marginal land marine algae Marine Corps Marine Diesel Oil (MDO) Marine Fuel Oil Marine Gas Oil (MGO) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) price Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel Terminal Marine/maritime renewable fuel terminal/bunkering market forces market share marketing markets/sales Mars Marshall Islands Maryland Masdar Institute mass balance standard Massachusetts Master Limited Partnership (MLP) Mauritania Mauritius Mazda meat mechanics training medical waste MEEC membranes mergers and acquisitions mesquite methanation methane leaks methane/biomethane methanization methanol benefits methanol fuel cells methanol price Methanol-to-Jet (MTJ-SPK) Methanol/Biomethanol/Renewable Methanol methylbutenol Mexico Michelin GreenX Challenge Michigan micro-crop microalgae microbial electrosynthesis microbiology microorganisms/microbes microwave Mid-Atlantic Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military reserves military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels milk permeate millennium fruit millet millettia pinnata milo stover mineralization minerals mining Minn Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold molinia molybdenum MON (Motor Octane Number) Monaco Mongolia mongongo monitoring/measuring reporting verifiction (MRV) Montana Montenegro moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles motors MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES2014 MOVES3 (MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator model) Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed mvr Myanmar n-butanol n-butene nahar Namibia nano nano particles nanocatalysts 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Nevada New Brunswick new fuel approval New Guinea New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New South Wales New York New Zealand Newfoundland Newfoundland and Labrador next generation biofuels next generation vehicles NHRA drag racing Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrogen starvation nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota North Korea Northeast northern catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory Northwest Territories Norwary Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds nuclear Nunavut nut shells nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition oak oat hulls oat straw oats Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) Office of Science Technology and Policy (OSTP) Offices of Inspector Generals offtake agreements Ohio oil oil embargo oil exploration oil monopoly oil p oil price parity oil prices oil production oil refineries oil replacement oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil speculators oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes oil/gas terminals Oils Oklahoma olefins oligomerization olive cake olive oil olive pits olive pomace olive water olives Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm ammonia production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing on-site hydrogen production one p one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontaio Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) open fuel standard open pond opportunity zones optimized flex fuel vehicles orange peel orchard grass orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) osage orange OSHA Overseas Private Investment Corporation overview overview/survey course owa oxygen oxygenate ozone Pakistan Palau palm palm biomass palm fatty acid distillate palm fiber palm fronds palm kernel palm kernel oil palm kernel shell palm oil Palm Oil Methyl Ester (PME) palm oil mill effluent (POME) palm oil prices palm trunk sap palm waste Paludiculture/peatland cultivation Panama pandas panic grass papaya paper Papua Indonesia Papua New Guinea paraffins Paraguay Paris Agreement parity partial waiver particulates pasture land Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) patents pathways Paulownia paulownia tree payments peach shell peaches peak oil peak oil demand peanuts/groundnuts peas pectin peela kaner pellet pellets Pennsylvania pennycress/stinkweed pentane pentanol pentose pequi perennial grains perennial grasses Performance permitting Peru pest-tolerance pesticide-tolerance pests pet food petition petroleum pharmaceuticals phase separation Philippines phosphorus photobioreactor photoelectrocatalysis 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RNG tax credit roadmap rocket fuel Romania RON (Research Octane Number) rosin rotation crops Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials (RSB) royalties RP-1 RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber rubber seeds rumen ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Rural Renewable Energy Pilot Program rushes Russia Russian olive rutabaga Rwanda ry rye Rye grass rye straw s saccharification SAF pipeline SAF10 SAF30 SAF40 SAFc (Sustainable Aviation Fuel certificates) Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower sago pond weed SAIC sal tree Salicornia salt water salt-tolerant saltbush saltcedar Samoa Sanctions Santa Monica sardine oil Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Advisory Board (SAB) Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) Science Policy scooters Scotland scum sea level rise seaports seashore mallow seawater seaweed cultivation Seaweed/Macroalgae 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