Trump Expected to Significantly Weaken Fuel Economy Rules

by Lisa Friedman and Maxine Joselow (New York Times/The Spokesman-Review) The Trump administration is expected Wednesday to propose weakening automobile fuel efficiency standards that were set under President Joe Biden to spur the sale of electric vehicles, according to three people familiar with the plan.

Executives from major automakers including Ford Motor, General Motors and Stellantis were invited to attend the announcement at the White House, according to the three people, who asked not to be identified because they were not authorized to discuss the event.

Details of the proposed plan, first reported by Reuters, were not immediately available. But President Donald Trump teased the announcement during a Cabinet meeting Tuesday (December 2, 20225), saying that his administration was taking steps to lower the price of gasoline-powered cars and dismantle policies that promote electric vehicles.

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Congress established the Corporate Average Fuel Economy, or CAFE, standards in 1975 as a way to curb the country’s dependence on foreign oil. Since then, the efficiency rules have been regularly tightened, compelling automakers to improve the distance their vehicles travel on a gallon of gas. The standards have also helped to introduce innovations such as hybrid and electric vehicles.

The rules have significantly reduced the greenhouse gas emissions that spew from automobile tailpipes and are dangerously warming the planet. Transportation is the single largest source of greenhouse gases in the United States.

Under a rule finalized in June 2024, the Biden administration required automakers to achieve an average fuel efficiency of about 50 miles per gallon for new vehicles by model year 2031. To comply, federal officials expected that manufacturers would increase the sales of electric vehicles, which use no gasoline and would help boost the average fuel efficiency across their product lines.

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When Trump took office, he immediately sought to eliminate federal support for electric vehicles, pledging to end what he called Biden’s “EV mandate.”

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Congress has already eased up on automakers. Trump’s domestic policy law, enacted in July, eliminated fines for automakers that fail to comply with federal fuel economy standards.

After announcing the proposal Wednesday, the Transportation Department is expected to solicit public comments before finalizing the rule sometime next year. The EPA is also expected to weaken limits on greenhouse gas emissions from cars and trucks in the coming months.    READ MORE

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Excerpt from Reuters:  The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration is expected to propose significantly reducing the fuel economy requirements for 2022-2031 model-year vehicles. President Donald Trump is set to announce the plan at a White House event on Wednesday that is expected to include executives from the three largest U.S. automakers, the sources added. Earlier this year, Trump signed legislation that ended fuel economy penalties for automakers, and NHTSA said they faced no fines dating back to the 2022 model year.

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In June, NHTSA paved the way for looser U.S fuel economy standards by declaring that Biden's administration its authority by assuming high uptake of electric vehicles in calculating rules.

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In June 2024, during the Biden administration, NHTSA said it would hike Corporate Average Fuel Economy requirements to about 50.4 miles per gallon (21.4 km per liter) by 2031, from the current 39.1 mpg, for light-duty vehicles. That rule did not increase requirements light trucks for 2027 and 2028 and required 2% increases from 2029 to 2031.

The agency last year said the rule for passenger cars and trucks would reduce gasoline consumption by 64 billion gallons and cut emissions by 659 million metric tons, reducing fuel costs with net benefits estimated at $35.2 billion for drivers.

Last year, Chrysler-parent Stellantis (STLAM.MI), opens new tab paid $190.7 million in civil penalties for failing to meet U.S. fuel economy requirements for 2019 and 2020 after paying nearly $400 million for penalties from 2016 through 2019. GM (GM.N), opens new tab paid $128.2 million in such penalties for 2016 and 2017.  READ MORE

 

Excerpt from Ethanol Producer MagazineBut in 2016, new Corporate Average Fuel Economy standards de-incentivized FFVs in favor of electric vehicles. In addition to CAFE standard changes, automakers became frustrated with the slow pace of E85 infrastructure implementation, ....  READ MORE

 

Excerpt from Wall Street JournalUnder the changes, the federal government would require an average of 34½ miles a gallon for vehicles by model year 2031, down from the 50.4 miles a gallon standard set by the Biden administration.

It also does away with a system in which automakers can buy credits from competitors to offset fines, a setup that proved to be a boon for electric-vehicle maker Tesla. READ MORE

 

Excerpt from Associated Press/2 News Nevada: Trump announced the plan at a White House event that included top executives from the three largest U.S. automakers, who have praised the planned changes. The auto industry has complained that the Biden-era rules were difficult to meet.

Since taking office in January, Trump has relaxed auto tailpipe emissions rules, repealed fines for automakers that do not meet federal mileage standards and terminated consumer credits of up to $7,500 for EV purchases.

Ford CEO Jim Farley said in a statement that the planned rollback was “a win for customers and common sense.”

“As America’s largest auto producer, we appreciate President Trump’s leadership in aligning fuel economy standards with market realities. We can make real progress on carbon emissions and energy efficiency while still giving customers choice and affordability,” Farley said.

Stellantis CEO Antonio Filosa said the automaker appreciates the administration’s actions to “realign” the standards “with real world market conditions.”

Environmentalists decried the decision.

“In one stroke Trump is worsening three of our nation’s most vexing problems: the thirst for oil, high gas pump costs and global warming,” said Dan Becker, director of the Safe Climate Transport Campaign for the Center for Biological Diversity.

“Gutting the (gas-mileage) program will make cars burn more gas and American families burn more cash,'' said Katherine García, director of the Sierra Club's Clean Transportation for All program.

“This rollback would move the auto industry backwards, keeping polluting cars on our roads for years to come and threatening the health of millions of Americans, particularly children and the elderly,” she said.

Trump has repeatedly pledged to end what he falsely calls an EV “mandate,” referring incorrectly to Democratic President Joe Biden’s target that half of all new vehicle sales be electric by 2030. EVs accounted for about 8% of new vehicle sales in the United States in 2024, according to Cox Automotive.

No federal policy has required auto companies to sell EVs, although California and other states have imposed rules requiring that all new passenger vehicles sold in the state be zero-emission by 2035. Trump and congressional Republicans blocked the California law earlier this year.

Transportation Secretary Sean Duffy urged his agency to reverse existing fuel economy requirements, known as Corporate Average Fuel Economy, soon after taking office. In June, he said that standards set under Biden were illegal because they included use of electric vehicles in their calculation. EVs do not run on gasoline. After the June rule revision, the traffic safety agency was empowered to update the requirements.

Under Biden, automakers were required to average about 50 miles (81 kilometers) per gallon of gas for passenger cars by 2031, compared with about 39 miles (63 kilometers) per gallon today. The Biden administration also increased fuel-economy requirements by 2% each year for light-duty vehicles in every model year from 2027 to 2031, and 2% per year for SUVs and other light trucks from 2029 to 2031. At the same time, it called for stringent tailpipe rules meant to encourage EV adoption.

The 2024 standards would have saved 14 billion gallons of gasoline from being burned by 2050, according to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration’s 2024 calculations. Abandoning them means that in 2035, cars could produce 22,111 more tons of carbon dioxide per year than under the Biden-era rules. It also means an extra 90 tons a year of deadly soot particles and more 4,870 tons a year of smog components nitrogen oxide volatile organic carbons going into the air in coming years.

Mileage rules have been implemented since the 1970s energy crisis, and over time, automakers have gradually increased their vehicles’ average efficiency.  READ MORE

 

Excerpt from Detroit NewsDespite that affordability aim, however, it is unclear how strong an impact the new rules will have on the nation's largest retail sector after the Trump administration already worked to roll back other vehicle emission regulations throughout the year.

The auto industry is also facing cost pressures from the president's tariff policies, which will likely raise prices in the short term even if they succeed at reshoring American manufacturing in the long term.

Automakers nevertheless cheered the Wednesday announcement as one that brings forward-looking regulations in line with the "market realities" of a slower-than-hoped-for transition to EVs, continued cost and supply chain issues with electrified powertrains, and Americans' longstanding love for large, gas-powered trucks.

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GM said it "supports the goals of NHTSA’s proposed CAFE rule and its intention to better align fuel economy standards with market realities. We have long advocated for one national standard that upholds customer choice and provides the auto industry long-term stability. As we review the proposal, we remain committed to offering the best and broadest portfolio of electric and gas-powered vehicles on the market.”  READ MORE

 

RFA Recommends California Implement FFV Standard

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“CARB’s number one guiding principle for the Drive Forward program, as stated in the staff presentation, ‘is to design stringent but flexible programs that achieve cost-effective emission reductions,’” wrote RFA Chief Economist Scott Richman. “RFA believes that implementing a well-structured combination of requirements and incentives to grow the market for higher-level ethanol blends such as E85 in California would be among the most affordable ways to achieve significant reductions in criteria and greenhouse gas emissions from the state’s light-duty vehicle population.”

Richman noted that emissions testing at the University of California, Riverside indicated statistically significant reductions in NOx, CO2, PM and cumulative BTEX emissions with E85 compared to E10, and that emissions of CO and NMOG-NOx trended lower with E85. Further, over the last few years, E85 has consistently sold at nearly two dollars per gallon less than regular gasoline.   READ MORE

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Trump Expected to Significantly Weaken Fuel Economy Rules

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(Futura) ... That’s exactly what the Franco-Swiss startup WattAnyWhere is doing — harnessing a surprising yet powerful fuel: renewable ethanol. Using a next-generation fuel cell system, the company aims to help the European Union reach its ambitious target of 25 terawatt-hours of fast-charging

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The Coming Slow Fade of America’s Corn Ethanol Industry

by Michael Barnard (Clean Technica) The story of the United States corn ethanol industry is a story about a sector that grew rapidly under a very specific set of policy, technology and market conditions. It filled a gap when gasoline demand

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Market Outlook: What's Next for Agricultural Biofuels Feedstocks? --- December 4, 2025 --- ONLINE various times

Focused on agricultural biofuels feedstocks. We’ll explore: Global feedstock dynamics; Policy shifts under RED III and their market impact; Emerging alternatives Key topics covered: Tariffs and trade: Transatlantic trade implications for feedstock flows; anti-dumping duties on China Supply squeeze: Asia’s tightening supply; Indonesia’s export levies; UCO dependence and

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How FuelEU Maritime Is Changing Commercial Negotiations

(DNV)  The FuelEU Maritime regulation differs from the EU Emissions Trading System in terms of reporting responsibilities and financial liabilities. DNV’s Emissions Connect can function as a trusted single source of truth for all stakeholders that supports fair cost allocation. The reporting

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U.S. Chamber Sustainable Aviation Fuel Policy Whitepaper

(U.S. Chamber of Commerce) The U.S. Chamber of Commerce released the following whitepaper which provides a current landscape of the U.S. sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) market and provides suggestions for potential supportive policies that can help achieve scale. SAF is an alternative

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Renewable Resources and Biorefineries (RRB) Conference --- June 1-3, 2026 --- Leuven, Belgium

SAVE THE DATE

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Australia Set to Overhaul Environment Laws in Deal with Greens

by Renju Jose (Reuters)  Legislation will set up independent National Environment Protection Agency; Penalties for major breaches of environmental law will increase; Deal ends fast-track plan for key oil and gas approvals - Greens; Exemptions for "high-risk land clearing" to be removed Australia will overhaul

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Industry, Environmental Groups Clash Over Role of Biofuels in EU Auto Rescue Plan

by Peter Sigal (Automotive News Europe)  As the EU prepares to present a rescue plan for the auto industry on Dec. 10, a new flashpoint has emerged in the debate over CO2 emissions: biofuels, which are processed from organic materials such

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HES Botlek Tank Terminal to Allocate 65% Capacity to Biofuels by 2026, Surpassing Strategic Targets

(HES International)   HES Botlek Tank Terminal (HBTT) has agreed on a new long-term agreement with one of its key customers, resulting in 65% of its storage capacity being dedicated to biofuels as of 1 January 2026. This achievement surpasses HBTT’s strategic

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'Show Me, Don’t Tell Me': CleanBC Review Calls for More Made-in-B.C. Biofuels

(Advanced Biofuels Canada Association/EIN Presswire) Advanced Biofuels Canada Association (ABFC) congratulates the Province of British Columbia and the independent panel on the release of Rising to the Moment – Renewing CleanBC to improve affordability, strengthen the economy and ensure a cleaner future.

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HAM Boosts BioLNG Production with Its First Liquefaction Plant in South America in Partnership with Lipigas

(HAM Group) The facility will be located in the Ñuble region, Chile -- HAM Group and HAM Chile, in partnership with Empresas Lipigas, they have inaugurated in the Ñuble region their first Bio-LNG (renewable liquefied natural gas) upgrading and production plant in South America. This

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Popping the Cork on New Low-Cost Carbon Capture Method

by Caitlin Clark (Texas A&M Unversity Stories)  The process uses water and pressure to remove carbon dioxide from emissions at half the cost of current methods. -- A new, low-cost method for capturing carbon dioxide emissions from power plants and industrial facilities relies

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Ethanol-rich E85 Fuel Now Available in 4,000 Filling Stations in France

(Bioéthanol France/ePURE) Thanks to the commitment of all E85 fuel distributors in France, the milestone of 4,000 E85 filling stations nationwide has just been reached. Today, nearly 42% of French service stations are equipped with E85, the renewable fuel that favours

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The Challenge of Sourcing Sustainable CO2 for e-Fuels

(European Federation for Transport and Environment  (T&E))  T&E commissioned ERM to carry out a study looking at CO2 transportation for e-fuels production in Europe   T&E commissioned the consultancy ERM to look at the critical role of CO2 sourcing and transport infrastructure for e-fuels production in Europe.  They

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China, India, and Brazil Move on Green Shipping Corridors as Industry Awaits Climate Regulations

(Global Maritime Forum)  • Annual progress report on green shipping corridors finds 25 new zero-emission trade routes launched in 2025, bringing total to 84 worldwide.   China, India, and Brazil look to capture major opportunities in zero-emission shipping amidst regulatory uncertainty.  Report warns against

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The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to Vertimass CADO Technology

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Vertimass’s novel CADO Technology presents a compelling biofuels breakthrough, converting alcohols to gasoline, jet fuel, and chemicals in a single step without requiring hydrogen. This drastically lowers production costs. Ambitious results include the 2024 EPA registration of VertiGas20, a

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Carlsquare Advised SEFE on the Sale of Its Subsidiary SEFE Mobility to biogeen

(Carlsquare) Carlsquare advised SEFE Securing Energy for Europe GmbH on the sale of its subsidiary SEFE Mobility GmbH to biogeen GmbH, a leading German producer of biogas and biomethane. The transaction strengthens biogeen’s downstream footprint and supports SEFE’s strategic focus on

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Interpipe Delivers Pipes for Spain’s Biodiesel Plant

(The Odessa Journal) Ukrainian industrial company Interpipe continues to strengthen its position in the European market for products used in “green” technology facilities. In November, the company completed the supply of line pipes for a promising energy project focused on producing

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Schneider Electric Accelerates Industrial Decarbonization at COP30

(ANESE) ... A new report from the Schneider Electric Sustainability Research Institute and Brazil's Ministry of Development, Industry, Trade and Services (MDIC) highlights the country's potential to lead the global industrial transformation and achieve decisive emissions reductions. The research analyzes Brazil's

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Hecksher Launches Fuel Switch Route with Biofuel Insets on All LCL Shipments from Shanghai to Gothenburg

by Cecilia Jonebäck (Hecksher) Hecksher introduces a Fuel Switch Route for Less-than-Container Load (LCL) imports from Shanghai to Gothenburg, where verified maritime biofuel insets are applied to reduce the fossil emissions associated with these shipments. The initiative, part of the Greencarrier Blue

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Responses to News Report about Sugar Mill Partner Fined for Illegal Planting in Indigenous Area.

(Reporter Brazil (Google translation)) Position statement from BNDES, Miguel Vaz Ribeiro and Marino Franz, Funai and the Ministry of the Environment.  --  BNDES informs that FS Indústria de Biocombustíveis underwent a thorough registration analysis and no final and unappealable proceedings resulting from

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Fusion Fuel’s BrightHy Solutions Expands Green Hydrogen Footprint in Southern Europe with Agreement to Deliver New Electrolyzer and Hydrogen Refueling Station Project

(Fusion Fuel/Globe Newswire)  Fusion Fuel Green PLC (NASDAQ: HTOO) (“Fusion Fuel” or the “Company”), a leading provider of full-service energy engineering, advisory, and utility solutions, today announced that its subsidiary, Bright Hydrogen Solutions Ltd (“BrightHy Solutions”), a leading engineering and advisory

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The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to Gevo

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Gevo’s compelling focus is on Alcohol-to-Jet (ATJ) SAF, asserting it has the most competitive cash cost of production compared to HEFA. Their ambitious claim is validated by the Gevo North Dakota site, featuring a wholly-owned, operational proprietary

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"First Order Nationwide" Pilot Program -- Refueling Hong Kong Tugboats with B5 Biodiesel!

(Xiamen Port Haicang Port Area (Google Translation))   This marks the first time in China that B5 biodiesel has been used throughout the entire refueling process on ships in port, signifying a crucial step forward for Xiamen in building a green

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Nuclear-Powered Containerships Could Unlock $68 Million in Annual Savings and Eliminate GHG Emissions

(Lloyd's Register) A new industry report reveals how nuclear propulsion creates competitive advantage for both operators and charterers through superior economics and performance. -- Nuclear-powered containerships have the potential to eliminate bunker costs, cut greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and deliver faster transit

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Turning Wood Residue into Low-Carbon Fuel with $1.1m AFWI-Backed Fibre-to-Fuels Project

(HAMR Energy)  Leading low-carbon liquid fuels (LCLF) company HAMR Energy today announced it has been awarded a $1.1 million grant from the Australian Forest and Wood Innovations (AFWI) Centre for Sustainable Futures (AFWI-CSF) as part of a national initiative to convert

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Hong Kong to Mandate Mass Flow Meters for Methanol Bunkering Operations by Next Year

(Manifold Times) ‘We will commence feasibility studies for ammonia and hydrogen bunkering and mandate mass flow meters for methanol operations by next year,’ says Secretary for Transport and Logistics Mable Chan. -- Hong Kong’s Secretary for Transport and Logistics Ms Mable Chan 

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Jishui, China's first 15,000-Ton Methanol Single-Fuel Bulk Carrier

(International Shipping Network/EWorldShip (Google translation) On the morning of November 25th, Jiangsu Qinfeng Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. held a ceremony to mark the successful launch of the "Innovation 19," China's first 15,000-ton methanol-powered river-sea direct bulk carrier. As a significant milestone in

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Danish Shipping at COP30: The Fight for the Green Transition of Shipping Is Not Over

(Danish Shipping) Danish Shipping is taking part in COP30, with a focus on strengthening cooperation with climate-ambitious actors in the IMO and building communities and alliances with like-minded partners across the world, particularly within the value chain for alternative fuels. Danish Shipping

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Sprague Celebrates 25 Years of Pioneering Ultra-Low Sulfur Diesel in NYC, Setting a Global Standard for Cleaner Air

(Sprague) Sprague Operating Resources LLC, a leading provider of energy solutions across the Northeast, is proud to celebrate the 25th Anniversary of its groundbreaking work with New York City Transit (NYCT) that pioneered the commercialization of Ultra-Low Sulfur Diesel (ULSD) in the United States.

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Platts to Modify CFPC Calculation for BBD, SAF and RIN Multiplier for RD, Jan. 5, 2026

(S&P Global Platts) Platts, part of S&P Global Commodity Insights, will update the Clean Fuel Production Credit (CFPC) calculation, and the Renewable Identification Number (RIN) multiplier used in some biofuels assessments, effective Jan. 5, 2026. The CFP C updates will impact the

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The Next Frontier In Clean Flight? Jet Fuel From City Waste

by Kellie Nault (Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences)  Research explores sustainable aviation fuel from municipal solid waste -- A new study finds that sustainable aviation fuel made from municipal solid waste could reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 80-90% compared with traditional

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Enzymatic Biodiesel Plant in Georgia to Be Sold Dec. 2 at Public Auction

by Ron Kotrba (Biobased Diesel Daily) A 5-million-gallon-per-year (mgy) biodiesel plant in Dublin, Georgia, two-and-a-half hours southeast of Atlanta, is scheduled to be sold at public auction Dec. 2. The SME Dublin LLC plant was built by Smisson-Mathis Energy, a joint venture

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RNG Conference 2025 --- --- December 1-4, 2025 --- Orange County, CA

RNG CONFERENCE is the renewable gas industry's premier annual conference, gathering RNG leaders from across North America and around the world who are interested in renewable natural gas (RNG) for purposes of achieving corporate sustainability objectives, complying with federal, state

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Masdar and Tadweer Group to Develop Abu Dhabi’s First Commercial-Scale Waste-to-Sustainable Aviation Fuel Project

(Masdar) • Signing of agreement follows successful completion of study to demonstrate viability of developing large-scale Waste-to-SAF initiative in Abu Dhabi Project will convert approximately 500,000 tons of biomass and urban solid waste per year into SAF via waste gasification Project will utilize

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Hy2gen Plans Green Hydrogen/E-Fuels Plant in Finland – Oulu Becomes Largest E-Fuel Hub in the Baltic Sea Region

(Fuel Cells Works) The German company Hy2gen has secured a strategic site in Vihreäsaari, at the Port of Oulu in northern Finland, for the development of a new facility to produce renewable hydrogen and synthetic fuels. They are used for

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UF Researchers Develop AI Models to Optimize Biofuel Production

(WCJB) In this week’s Tech Tuesday, UF Innovate and SCAD Media speak with a graduate student from the Sustainable Process Design Laboratory at the University of Florida. University of Florida researchers are developing mathematical optimization frameworks to identify biofuel production pathways that can

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East Kalimantan Develops Sacha Inchi for Nutrition, Biofuel

(Antara) East Kalimantan’s Regional Research and Innovation Agency (BRIDA) is partnering with private companies to develop sacha inchi as a nutritional tool to combat stunting and as a renewable energy source. “We are collaborating with firms like Kideco to explore local potential,

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NYK Vessels Use 251,017 mt of B24 in FY2024, 40 Times More than Previous Year

(Manifold Times) This marked a significant increase over the 6,287 mt used in FY2023, after the company launched long-term trials aimed at full-scale implementation of biofuel usage in FY2024. -- Japanese shipping major NYK on Tuesday (25 November) said its vessel has

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ExxonMobil Marine Expands Range of Bio Bunker Fuel Blends in UK

(Manifold Times) ExxonMobil’s UK offer currently includes 0.10% sulphur bio MGO and 3.50% sulphur bio HSFO. Bio HSFO and bio MGO are available to specific requirements up to B30 in UK South Coast ports. US energy giant ExxonMobil on Tuesday (25 November)

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BIO Investment & Growth Summit --- March 2-3, 2026 --- Miami Beach, FL

BIO, the Biotechnology Innovation Organization, is the premier biotechnology advocacy organization representing biotech companies, industry leaders, and state biotech associations in the United States and more than 35 countries around the globe. Join us in Miami Beach for two impactful days

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Denali and Green Era Partner to Advance Community-Driven Food Recycling in Chicago

(Denali)  Collaboration connects industry leadership with local innovation to turn food waste into community impact -- Denali, the nation’s leading and largest recycler of food and organic materials, today announced a new partnership with Green Era, a community recycler of packaged food

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Bayreuth Researchers Discover New Pathways to Green Hydrogen

(University of Bayreuth) An international research team led by the University of Bayreuth has developed an innovative method for producing green hydrogen directly from seawater – without the use of additional reagents. The researchers report their groundbreaking findings in the prestigious

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Celtic Renewables Appoints Engineering Design Consultancy Allen Associates as It Plans New Large-Scale Biorefinery in Grangemouth

(Celtic Renewables)  Celtic Renewables is moving forward with plans to build a new industrial-scale green chemical production plant in Grangemouth. It has appointed engineering design consultancy Allen Associates, part of the Forsyths Group of companies, to undertake extensive work to finalise the

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Baleària Will Have an Autonomous Electricity Generation System Using Methanol on the Electric Ferry 'Cap de Barbaria'

(Baleària)  The eNomad system, developed by Methanol Reformer, will allow the production of renewable hydrogen from methanol to generate auxiliary electrical power. -- This is a pioneering project in Europe, which will turn the ferry that connects Ibiza and Formentera into a

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Petrobras Is Considering a Return to Ethanol Production and Increased Biodiesel Production, Says CEO.

by Fabrício Julião (CNN Brazil Money) During the Eloos event, organized by Itatiaia in partnership with CNN Brasil, Magda Chambriard stated that it is necessary to increase primary energy consumption by at least 60% by 2050. Petrobras President Magda Chambriard said on Monday (24)

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The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to Linde Industrial Gas Technologies

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Linde offers compelling, fully integrated onsite gas solutions vital for renewable fuels, including hydrogen for HEFA and Alcohol-to-Jet processes. The most ambitious finding is the VITRON-C Advanced Centrifugal Design for oxygen production, covered by nine patents. This novel

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Spirit of the Wood: OroCarbo, Haffner, Maverick and Amspec Aim for Forest Economy Revival in Oroville, CA

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ... I stepped off in Oroville, California. ... People here hadn’t quit. ... The County Planning Office ....  ...  “Recarbonization,” she said. “Not getting rid of carbon. Replacing fossil-based carbon with carbon that already belongs to the cycle. Waste carbon. Forest

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Brazil Sees Issues Related to Import of US Biofuels 'Practically Resolved

by Marcela Ayres (Reuters) Brazilian Vice President Geraldo Alckmin said on Tuesday that unspecified issues related to the country's imports of U.S. biofuels were "practically resolved". He did not provide details, but according to the Development, Industry, Trade and Services Ministry, which is

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RIP ‘Climate-Smart’ Ag. ‘Stewardship’ Is Here

by Philip Brasher (Agri-Pulse) It’s been a rocky year for food companies, agribusiness firms, ag lenders and farmers navigating the seismic shift in policies coming out of Washington when it comes to environmental policy, even as much of the farm economy

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Study Finds Lower Emissions from Higher-Ethanol Gasoline

by David Danelski (University of California, Riverside) The E15 blend tested by UCR will also lower gasoline prices, says Governor’s office -- California residents will soon get some price relief at the pump and reductions in harmful vehicle emissions, thanks in part to

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Latvia Approves Support Scheme for Biomethane Production

(Bioenergy Insight) The Latvian Cabinet of Ministers has approved a new package of amendments aimed at boosting domestic biomethane production and strengthening the country’s energy independence. The support programme, developed by the Ministry of Climate and Energy (KEM), will be open to

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Brazil Launches New Subcommittee in Support of Efforts to Increase Ethanol, Biodiesel Blend Levels

by Erin Krueger (Ethanol Producer Magazine) Brazil’s Ministry of Mines and Energy on Oct. 29 approved the creation of a new subcommittee that will be responsible for coordinating studies and proposing measures aimed at enabling higher blends of biodiesel and ethanol. The

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OCO Chem CEO Todd Brix Joins Digest Connect to Explore Waste CO2 Conversion to Hydrogen Formate.

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest/Digest Connect)  From the Transcript:  ... We are back for this launch episode of our seventh season. We started in the uncertain days of COVID. The wheel continues to turn for the bioeconomy 00:17 and the world, yet

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Ecostrat & New Energy Risk Host Feedstock Supply Insurance Webinar

(Ecostrat) – Turn Biomass Risk into Bond-Grade Reliability – On November 5th, 2025, Ecostrat and New Energy Risk (NER) hosted the Feedstock Supply Insurance Webinar: Turn Biomass Risk into Bond-Grade Reliability. The 60-minute virtual event showcased a breakthrough insurance solution addressing the

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Biodiesel Group Warns Against Short-Sighted Savings

By Jed Macapagal (Malaya Insight) The Philippine Biodiesel Association (TPBA) is urging the government to weigh the broader national benefits of biofuels as lawmakers deliberate on House Bill (HB) 4151, or the Murang Langis Act. The measure seeks to empower the president

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IGL Signs JV with CEID for Compressed Bio Gas & Biofuel Projects

(PSU Connect) Indraprastha Gas Limited enters a 50:50 Joint Venture with CEID Consultants & Engineering Pvt. Ltd. to set up CBG and biofuel plants. Agreement filed under SEBI Regulation 30 on November 25, 2025.  Indraprastha Gas Limited (IGL), a joint venture of

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UK to Impose Anti-Dumping Duties on Chinese Biodiesel Imports

by Sam Tabahriti (Reuters) Britain will apply anti-dumping duties on biodiesel imports from China after finding they were sold at unfairly low prices, the government said on Tuesday (November 25, 2025). Britain's body that investigates unfair trade practices recommended the measures after

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Guidebook on Ethanol Microdistilleries for Clean Cooking

(United Nations Industrial Development Organization) The global search for clean and sustainable energy solutions has never been more urgent, especially in the context of achieving the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy (SDG

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Trade Agreement between Argentina and the United States: One Sector Hopes to Reopen a Market Worth US$1 Billion a Year

(Clarín)  The framework trade agreement between Argentina and the United States , announced a few weeks ago, opened up a range of expectations in the agribusiness sector that goes beyond beef. One of the sectors that welcomes this agreement is the biodiesel industry , which

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Microalgae to Decontaminate Olive Mills: The Research that Drives the Circular Economy of Olive Groves

(RETEMA)  The team from the University of Jaén has managed to reduce up to 94% of the contaminants in olive mill water and obtain biomass rich in carbohydrates, proteins and lipids for biofuels, fertilizers and cosmetics -- A team from the  Department of

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Vale Is Testing a Higher Biodiesel Blend in Trucks and Electric Vehicles

by  Marta Nogueira (Reuters)  Mining company Vale said on Tuesday it has made progress in initiatives aimed at reducing emissions from its off-road trucks, with trials of these vehicles powered by higher blends of biodiesel in diesel, as well as other battery-powered

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Singapore to Award Licences for Methanol Bunkering

(Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore (MPA))   The Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore (MPA) will issue licences to supply methanol as marine fuel in the Port of Singapore from 1 January 2026, following the Call for Applications launched in

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SDCL & CARBONAMS Announce Biomethane Project Investment and Partnership to Support Alexion, Astrazeneca Rare Disease

(Sustainable Development Capital LLC) Sustainable Development Capital LLP (“SDCL”) and Carbon AMS today (November 24, 2025) announces the closing of an investment to finance the construction of a biomethane production facility (the “Project”) in Duleek, County Meath, Ireland. The SDCL managed

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From Farm to Fuel Tank: An Overview of Biodiesel and Renewable Diesel in New York --- December 10, 2025 --- ONLINE

Join us for a webinar on biodiesel and renewable diesel — a cleaner, renewable alternative fuel to conventional diesel fuel.  In this webinar, you’ll learn: How biodiesel is produced and distributed in New York The emissions and performance benefits of biodiesel and renewable diesel Steps

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KLIA to Pilot 1pct Sustainable Aviation Fuel Blend as Johor Plant Ramps up Output

By Jassmine Shadiqe (New Straits Times) Malaysia is advancing its bid to become a regional hub for sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) with plans to introduce a one per cent SAF blending mandate for international flights departing Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA). Plantation and

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Puerto Rico Is Boosting Its Biodiesel Plant and Already Covers 30% of Municipal Consumption

(El Territorio (Google Translation)) The municipality is making progress in consolidating its biodiesel plant through agreements with neighboring towns and environmental awareness campaigns. Local production allows it to cover a third of the fuel demand for its road fleet, reducing costs

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Exclusive: European Commission Touts Increase of Biofuels to Clean up Heavy Transport

by Marta Pacheco (Euro News)  Exclusive: The EU wants to increase the uptake of biofuels for the aviation and maritime sectors to cut pollution from heavy transport. Ukraine could play a key role. The European Commission is planning to boost the use

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Rewriting the RFS Playbook: Revised RVOs Backload Projected Biomass-Based Diesel Production and Feedstock Use into 2027

by Todd Hubbs and Scott Irwin (farmdoc daily)  The EPA’s recent trilogy of RFS decisions represents one of the most consequential regulatory developments of the last decade for biomass-based diesel markets.  Higher RVOs, more restrictive small refinery exemptions, and mandatory reallocation

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How Kansas, Missouri Can Wean US Off Gasoline — without More Electric Cars | Opinion

By Don Siefkes (E100 Ethanol Group/The Kansas City Star)  ... So what to do? We simply have to stop putting net new carbon dioxide or CO2 into the atmosphere. The CO2 level on Nov. 23 was 426.96 parts per million

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Congress Must Let America’s Farmers Fuel our Future

by Deanna Kovar (John Deere/Agri-Pulse) It’s been said before that farmers are the backbone of America. At John Deere, we see this daily in our customers, whose tireless work provides for a healthy, safe, and affordable supply of food. But their work

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Chairmen Guthrie, Joyce, and Palmer Investigate California Air Resources Board

(House Committee on Energy and Commerce)  Today, Congressman Brett Guthrie (KY-02), Chairman of the House Committee on Energy and Commerce, Congressman John Joyce, M.D. (PA-13), Chairman of the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations, and Congressman Gary Palmer (AL-06), Chairman of the

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Ethanol Is Making Travel More Affordable This Thanksgiving

by Scott Richman (Renewable Fuels Association)  News stories and social media posts about the affordability crisis are everywhere these days. A recent Google search for the term returned 2.5 million results, and concern over the cost of living is at the

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The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to Cascadia SAF Accelerator

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Cascadia aims to lead global aviation decarbonization by achieving an ambitious goal of 1 billion gallons of locally produced SAF by 2035. This compelling regional public-private effort targets scaling production and cost parity by transforming infrastructure, policy,

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No Metropolis without Smallville: BioMADE Turns 5 as Its Scale-up Revolution Unfolds

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) ... A conference room near Gate C-17, George Bush Intercontinental Airport, Houston. No corn. No tractors. But the same kind of revelation. BioMADE CEO Doug Friedman remembers it clearly—it was 2019, before BioMADE was even official,

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Investigating a New, More Efficient Path from Corn-to-Energy

(Minnesota Corn Growers Association) With support from Minnesota Corn, Professor Paul Dauenhauer is exploring the corn-to-methanol pathway for biofuels. -- Modern corn ethanol is a marvel of clean fuel production, harnessing the energy of the sun to make a single seed into

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BurCell(R) Technologies and eFACTOR3 Partner to Advance Waste-to-Fuel Solutions

(BurCell Technologies/Access Newswire) Strategic Alliance Combines Innovative Material Processing with Renewable Energy Technology to Transform Municipal Solid Waste into Valuable Resources -- BurCell® Technologies, a leader in sustainable waste management and renewable energy solutions, today announced a strategic partnership with eFACTOR3, a premier

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ENOC And MENA Biofuels Sign Strategic Mou at Dubai Airshow to Accelerate UAE Sustainable Aviation Fuel Ecosystem

(MENAFN)  Partnership to unlock offtake and distribution of UAE-produced SAF, supporting national decarbonisation goals -- HE Saeed Mohammed Al Tayer, Chairman of ENOC Group, a leading integrated global energy player, witnessed the signing of a strategic Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between ENOC

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Emirates, ENOC Sign MoU to Develop Large-Scale SAF Supply Chain in Dubai

(Bio Energy Times) Emirates and ENOC Group have signed a Memorandum of Understanding to explore supplying Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) at scale to Emirates at its Dubai hub. The agreement, signed during the Dubai Airshow, brings together the UAE’s largest airline

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U.S. Ethanol Imports Force out Canadian Producers, Domestic Industry at Risk: Expert

by Matthew Frank (The Carillon) Manitoba ethanol producers and experts are raising alarms that U.S. subsidized biofuel imports could push domestic biofuel production to the brink of collapse. The province’s only ethanol plant, located in Minnedosa, 240 kilometres west of Steinbach, will

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Cop: Cop 30 Leaves Fossil Fuels out of Final Deal

by Caroline Varin, Georgia Gratton and Lucas Parolin (Argus Media)  The UN Cop 30 climate summit concluded today (November 22, 2025) without a deal on a plan to shift away from fossil fuels, but with a promise from the Brazilian Cop

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RFA Recommends California Implement FFV Standard

(Renewable Fuels Association)  In comments submitted to the California Air Resources Board, the Renewable Fuels Association recommended the agency require flex fuel vehicle capability in all new vehicles with internal combustion engines sold in California, at the earliest practical model year. The

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Converting Your Vehicle to CNG

(Tulsa Gas Technologies)  Thinking of converting vehicles to be able to use bio compressed natural gas or renewable natural gas?  Here's some useful information.  READ MORE Related articles Introducing the only natural gas solutions provider with a green fleet of its own

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The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to Iogen’s Industry Horizons

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Iogen provides compelling reflections on achieving commercial success in biofuels, noting that market opportunities, not just technology, drive breakthroughs. The most ambitious vision is the integration of 2G biofuel processes with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS). This

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UNL Researchers Awarded $1.6M Grant for Microexon Study in Sorghum

by Morgan Ahlstrom (Nebraska TV) Three professors at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln have received a $1.6 million grant from the U.S. Department of Energy to research microexons in sorghum, the fifth most globally produced cereal grain. Professor Chi Zhang explained that

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Allied Biofuels and Praj Industries Signs MoU to Establish Central Asia’s Largest Ethanol Refinery in Uzbekistan, Fueling Allied Biofuels SAF and e-SAF plans

(Allied Biofuels/Globe Newswire/Yahoo!)  Allied Biofuels FE LLC and Praj Industries Ltd have signed a Memorandum of Understanding to develop Central Asia’s largest ethanol production facility in the Khorezm region of Uzbekistan. Praj’s Technology for Ethanol Refinery will generate 890 tonnes per

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A Future with SAF and eSAF

(Biofuels International) ... However, with SAF supply still in its early stages and the window to meet these targets narrowing, there is growing pressure on the industry to accelerate SAF adoption now. New investment While investment and interest are growing, the global

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New Tide for Marine Propulsion

(Biofuels International) Biofuels are emerging as one of the most promising green alternatives to conventional marine fuels. Their production from renewable feedstocks significantly reduces lifecycle greenhouse-gas emissions compared with fossil fuel alternatives, and many biofuels are “drop-in” compatible. Stringent regulations like the

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Abra and Sumitomo Partner to Unlock Industry Solutions to Airline Decarbonisation in Brazil

(Biofuels International) Abra Group and Sumitomo Corporation do Brasil have signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) to accelerate the identification of industry solutions for decarbonisation in the air transport sector. The MoU will then pave the way for a long-term offtake agreement

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Advanced Clean Fleets Rule 100 octane 100% SAF (Sustainable Aviation Fuel) 103 octane 105 octane 108 octane 109 octane 110 octane 113 octane 119 octane 2016 US House and Senate Campaigns 2016 US Presidential Campaign 2018 US Senate and House Campaigns Other Election Activities 2020 Election 2022 Election 2022 US Senate and House Campaign 2024 Election 2025 Elections 2nd generation biofuels 3-D 30C alternative fuel vehicle refueling property credit 3D printing 3rd generation biofuels 4-H 40A Biodiesel and Renewable Diesel Tax Incentive 40B Sustainable Aviation Fuel Tax Credit 45Q Carbon Oxide Sequestration Tax Credit 45V Hydrogen Production Tax Credit 45X Advanced Manufacturing Production Tax Credit 45Z Clean Fuel Production Tax Credit 48C Advanced Energy Project Tax Credit 48E Clean Electricity Investment Tax Credit 4th generation fuels 7% solution 81 Octane 84 octane 85 octane 87 octane 88 octane 89 octane 90 octane 91 octane 92 octane 93 octane 94 octane 95 octane 96 octane 98 octane A20 (20% methanol/bioethanol) abatement abu Abu Dhabi acacia acai seeds acetate acetic acid acetone acid acid hydrolysis adaptive evolution additional carbon additionality adequate/inadequate domestic supply Administrative Procedure Act adsorption Advanced Biofuel Payment Program advanced biofuel prices Advanced biofuels advanced biofuels production Advanced Clean Cars II Rule (ACC and ACCII) Advanced Clean Trucks Rule advanced ethanol advanced ethanol tax credit advertising campaign aerobic digestion aerosols Affordable Clean Energy Program (ACE) afforestation Afghanistan Africa AGARDA (Agriculture Advanced Research and Development Authority) agave aggregation Agricultural Conservation Easement Program (ACEP) agricultural economics Agricultural Policy Agricultural waste/residue Agriculture agrivoltaic/agrovoltaic agroforestry agrofuels agronomy Air Force air pollution control Air Pollution Policy air quality Aircraft engine emissions airports Alabama Alaska Albania albedo Alberta albizia alcohol fuel cells alcohol fuels alcohol-to-diesel alcohol-to-gasoline alcohol-to-jet (ATJ)/ethanol-to-jet (ETJ) alfalfa algae algae contamination algae cultivation algae extraction algae harvesting algae parity algae separation algal biofuels Algeria Algiers alkaline exchange membrane (AEM) alkanes alkenes alkylate alligator fat almond almond hulls shells alternative energy vehicles alternative fuels Alternative Fuels Credit alternative fuels excise tax credit Alternative Fuels Tax Credit (AFTC) aluminum Amazon American Le Mans Series (ALMS) ammonia ammonia fiber explosion (AFEX) ammonia fuel cell ammonia price ammonia terminal ammonia-fueled aircraft amylose anaerobic digestate anaerobic digester/digestion and Energy Use in Transportation Model Angola anhydrous ethanol animal bedding animal fat animal feed animal waste Antactica Antarctica antibiotics antitrust apple Appropriations APR (Aqueous Phase Reforming) aquaculture aquatic organisms Arabidopsis arabinose ARCA Archaea Architecture Arctic Argentian Argentiina Argentina Arizona Arkansas Armenia Army Corps of Engineers aromatics aromatics price ARPA-C ARPA-E ARPA-Terra arrandi artificial intelligence Aruba Asia Asia Pacific asphalt/bitumen ASTM ASTM 6866 ASTM D1655 ASTM D2880 ASTM D396 ASTM D4054 ASTM D4806 Denatured fuel ethanol ASTM D4814 ASTM D5798 ASTM D6751 ASTM D7467 (B6-B20) ASTM D7544 ASTM D7566 (Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuel Containing Synthesized Hydrocarbons) ASTM D7862 ASTM D7875 ASTM D7901 (DME-Dimethyl Ether for Fuel Purposes) ASTM D8076 ASTM D8181 ASTM D975 ASTM E3050 Denatured Ethanol for Cooking ASTM E3146 ASTM standards ASTM WK55232 (D02) ASTM WK63392 ATJ-SPK (Alcohol to Jet Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene) Atlantic Canada atmosphere Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) Australia Australian pine Austria Auto manufacturer automotive aviation aviation fuel (SAF) benefits aviation fuel (SAF) mandates aviation fuel (SAF) price aviation fuel (SAF) production aviation fuel (SAF) pumps/delivery aviation fuel (SAF) tax credit aviation fuel (SAF) terminal Aviation Fuel/Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) Aviation Gasoline/AvGas avocado award awards/recognition Azerbaijan. b B0 B10 B100 B100 pumps B11 B12 B12.5 B13 B14 B15 B16 B17 B19 B2 B20 B24 B25 B3 B30 B30RD10 B33 B35 B4 B40 B45 B49 B5 B50 B50RD50 B6 B60 B7 B70 B75 B8 B80 B98 B99 Babados nut tree babassu bacteria bagasse Bahamas Bahrain bamboo banana banana stems Bangladesh bankruptcy Barbados barge barley barley fiber barley protein barley straw Basque batteries Battery Electric Vehicles (BEV) bauxite beauty leaf tree beaver beer bees Belarus Belgium Belize Benin benzene Bermuda Bhutan big bluestem big data Big Food Big Oil/Oil Majors BIGoil billion ton study bio Bio LPG (Bio Liquid Petroleum Gas) bio-based diesel benefits bio-based economy Bio-CNG price Bio-CNG pumps Bio-CNG/RNG terminal bio-LNG (Liquified Natural Gas) Bio-LNG Pumps (Liquified Natural Gas) Bio-LNG terminal bio-natural gas bio-NGV (natural gas for vehicles) bio-oil/pyrolysis oil bio-SPK (bio derived synthetic paraffinic kerosene) biobased Biobased Market Access and Development Grants Biobased Markets Program biobased materials Biobased Product Manufacturing Assistance Program biochar biochemical conversion BioChemicals/Renewable Chemicals biociiesel bioconversion Biocrude/Green Crude/SynCrude biodegradable biodiesel biodiesel blend wall biodiesel EN 14214 Biodiesel Fuel Education Program biodiesel pipeline biodiesel prices biodiesel production biodiesel pumps biodiesel quality biodiesel standards biodiesel tax credit biodiesel technologies biodiesel terminal biodiversity bioeconomy bioelectricity bioelectrochemical conversion bioenergy Bioenergy Program for Advanced Biofuels Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS) biofoundry Biofuel biofuel cells biofuel consumption Biofuel Crops biofuel distribution Biofuel Infrastructure Partnership (BIP) biofuel producer tax credit biofuel production biofuel tax credit biofuel terminal Biofuels Directive biofuels education Biogas Biogas pipeline Biogasoline/Renewable Gasoline Biogasoline/Renewable Gasoline pumps biogenic carbon biogenic emissions Bioheat biohydrocarbons biohydrogen BioIsoprene BioMADE biomanufacturing biomass Biomass Carbon Removal and Storage (BiCRS) Biomass Crop Assistance Program (BCAP) biomass hydrolysis biomass oil biomass recalcitrance Biomass Research and Development initiative (BRDI) biomass sorghum Biomass to Liquid (BTL) biomass transportation biomaterials bioplastics biopower BioPreferred bioproducts biopropene bioprospecting BioRefineries/Renewable Fuel Production Biorefinery Assistance Program (BAP) old 9003 Biorefinery Renewable Chemical Biobased Product Mfgr Assistance 9003 Program BioRenewable-1 (BR-1) BioSNG Biotechnology birch bitter orange black carbon black grease black liquor black locust black soldier fly Blend wall blender blender pumps Blenders Credit blending blendstock blockchain blue carbon boat fuel boiler/furnace fuel Bolivia bolt-on Bonaire bonds book-and-claim border tax Borneo Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana BQ-9000 Brachiaria bracken brackish water brash Brassica Brazil breadfruit/ulu breweries brine British Columbia broker brown grease brownfields Brunei Btu's BTX (Benzene Toluene Xylene) Bu12.5 Bu16 Budget building block chemicals Bulgaria bunker bunker oil Bureau of Land Management (BLM) Burkina Faso Burma Burundi buses Business and Industry Program (B&I) business law business resources Business/General Aviation butadiene butandeiol (bio-BDO) Butane butanediol butanol emissions butanol/biobutanol butyl acetate butylene butyric acid by c C1 C2 C21 C3 sugar C4 grasses C5 sugar C6 sugar Cabo Verde cactus cactus pear cagaita calibration California California Air Resources Board (CARB) Calophyllum hawthorn Cambodia Camelina camels Cameroon Canad Canada Canary Islands canary reed grass canarygrass candle nut cannabis canola straw Canola/Rapeseed cap-and-invest cap-and-trade capybara capybras carbohydrates carbon carbon capture and storage (CCS) carbon capture and utilization (CCU) carbon capture/Class VI wells carbon cost carbon credit carbon credit markets carbon cycle carbon debt Carbon Dioxide (CO2) carbon efficiency carbon emissions carbon fiber carbon insets Carbon Intensity (CI)/Carbon Footprint carbon life cycle carbon markets Carbon Monoxide (CO) carbon negative carbon neutrality carbon offsets carbon pipeline carbon price carbon recycling carbon removal carbon sink carbon standard carbon tax Carbon tax border adjustments carbon tax-and-dividend carbon terminal carbon user fee Carbon Utilization and Biogas Education Program carbon-14 testing carbon-efficient fuels carbon/CO2 sequestration carcinogens cardoon Caribbean carinata carinata/brassica carinata carob CAS Registry cashew cashew apple Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) CASI Cassava cassava price cassava pulp cassava stalk castor bean castor stalk catalysis catalysts catalytic decarboxylation catalytic hydrothermal conversion catalytic hydrothermal conversion-to-jet (CHCJ) catalytic hydrothermal gasification catalytic hydrothermolysis jet CHJ pathway cattails cattle cavitation CBD (cannabidiol) CBG (compressed biogas) cell culturing cellulase enzymes cellulose cellulosic biofuel Cellulosic biomass cellulosic diesel Cellulosic ethanol cellulosic ethanol price cellulosic feedstock cellulosic production tax credit cellulosic sugars Cellulosic Tax Credit cellulosic waiver credit cement Central African Republic Central America Certificate Program Certificates of Origin (COs) certification certification fuels cesium cetane Chad change in soil condition charging stations CHCJ-5 chemical-looping hydrogen method Chesapeake Bay chicken feathers chickens Chile Chili China chitin chp chromium chufa/cyperus esculents/nutsedge CIA circular economy citrus citrus greening disease Citrus Peel clean air Clean Air Act (CAA) clean diesel Clean Fuel Standard/Policy (CFS) Clean Heat Standards Clean Power Plan (CPP) Clean Trucks Plan Clean Water Act climate change Climate Change Adaptation climate change effects climate change mitigation climate legislation climate smart/modern/conservation agriculture closed-loop system Clostridium thermocellum cloud point clover cmelina CNG Conversion kit co co-generation co-location Co-op Extension co-operative co-processing co-products CO2 Electrolysis CO2 neutral fuels CO2Removal Certificates (CORCs) coal Coal and Biomass to Liquid (CBTL) Coast Guard coastal habitat conservation coastal hay cobalt cock's foot coco coco methyl ester (CME) cocoa cocoa husks Coconut coffee coffee cherries coffee grounds coffee pulp cold flow cold-tolerance college/university Colombia Colorado combined heat and power (CHP) Comment Request commercial flights commercialization commissioning commo Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) commodity trading common reed Community activity community college Community involvement/engagement community scale Community Wood Energy Program competition compliance compliance credits compost Compressed Natural Gas (CNG/R-CNG/bioCNG) compression ratios compression-ignition engine computer simulation concrete condensate Congo Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Congressional Review Act Connecticut Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP) construction and demolition waste/debris consumer education contamination contest contrails conversion technology Cook Islands cook stoves cooking fuel cooperatives COP21 COP22 COP23 COP24 COP25 COP26 COP27 COP28 COP29 COP30 copper coppice CORCs (CO2 Removal Certificates) cordgrass corn bran Corn cobs corn ethanol corn fiber corn growers corn harvest corn kernel corn meal corn oil corn oil/distillers corn oil (DCO) corn prices corn stalks corn stover corn supply corn surplus corn syrup corn-based products corn/maize Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards corporate social responsibility corrosion corruption CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) cosmetics Costa Rica cotton cotton seed hulls cotton seed oil cotton stalk cottonwood Council on Environmental Quality county cover crops cow rumen cracking Crambe crassulacean acid metabolism plants (CAM) crimes criteria pollutants Croatia crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude lignin oil (CLO) crude oil Cruise Ships Cuba cup plant cuphea currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cusi Customs and Border Protection cutworm caterpillars cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) cylindro Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs d-5 D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D20 (20%DME) D5 (5%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA date kernel oil date palm date palm pits date palm waste Dates DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act deficit definitions deforestation defossilization Dehydration Delaware DeltaWing demonstration demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify density Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security Department of Justice Department of Labor Department of the Interior Department of Transportation (DOT) depolymerization depots dextrose dfdsffsfdfsf diatoms diesel Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) diesel fuel blendstock diesel prices Diesel R5 diesel with renewables diesel-range hydrocarbons diesel-to-biodiesel conversion diethyl ether digital Digital Biology diisobutylene (DIB) dilute acid hydrolysis pretreatment DIN 51605 DIN EN 15376 (Ethanol blending component) direct air capture direct injection direct ocean capture Direct Sugar to Hydrocarbon Conversion (DSHC) direct-to-fuel directed evolution dispense distillates distillation distilled biodiesel distilled palm methyl ester (DPME) distilleries distributed/centralized distribution distribution capacity distribution waiver diversification divestment DME/rDME (dimethyl ether)/renewable DME DMF (2.5-dimethylfuran) Dominican Republic double cropping drawdown Drones/Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) drop-in biofuels/hydrocarbons drought drought tolerant drought-resistant dry ice dual cropping dual-fuel/flex fuel ships Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E100 E100 conversion kit E10M90 ethanol/methanol E11 E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E2 E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E3 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E70 diesel E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency egg shell Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric Vehicle (EV) Prices electric grid electricity electricity price electricity/power generation electricity/power transmission electrocatalysis electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels (e-fuels) electrofuels (e-fuels) prices electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) electrons Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants embargo eminent domain emissions emissions standards EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 EN 228 EN 590 EN228 (standard pump gasoline) end user end-of-life Endangered Species Act (ESA) Energy Bill energy cane energy consumption energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy prices energy reserves Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine Development engine problems Engine/Fuel Co-optimization engineering England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment environmental attributes environmental impact study (EIS) environmental justice/socially inclusive environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Environmentalists Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic depolymerization enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling Enzyme solicitation enzymes EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) Equatorial Guinea equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia Eswatini/Swaziland ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) etha ethane ethanol ethanol benefits ethanol blend wall ethanol blended diesel ED ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol emissions ethanol ether diesel fuel ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol to gas ethanol tolerance ethanol-fueled aircraft Ethanol-to-Gasoline (ETG) ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/diesel ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethyl levulinate (EL) ethylbenzene ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order executive order--state Extended Range Electric Vehicle (EREV) externalities extremophiles f F Factor F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farmers farming farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation Feedstocks fermentation ferry fertilizer fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) Fischer-Tropsch/FT fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources Forest Service forestry forklifts Formate formic acid fossil carbon fossil fuel Frace fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud free fatty acids (FFA) Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon gallium Gambia games gas prices gas tax/highway user fee gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gasoline-range hydrocarbons Gemany General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Gerrmany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) Intensity giant cane giant kelp Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect Global South global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grain sorghum/milo grain speculators grains GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery green/black economy Greenland GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala Guava Seed guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Guinea Bissau Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP gypsum h hairy vetch Haiti Halophytes harvest site processing harvesting Hawai'i hay hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ HDO-SAK (hydro deoxygenated synthetic aromatic kerosene) health health benefits health effects heat of combustion heat of vaporization heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) high octane low carbon (HOLC) fuel High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 HVO20 HVO30 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrid ships hybrids hydrocarbon fuels Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydroformylation hydrogen aircraft hydrogen carrier hydrogen combustion engines hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen internal combustion engines hydrogen leaks hydrogen pipeline hydrogen pumps/fueling stations hydrogen tax credit hydrogen terminal Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Price hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogenolysis hydropower Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal gasification hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois Illiois illuppai ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indian beech tree Indian grass Indiana indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial burners industrial ethanol industrial gases industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated biorefineries integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine (ICE) internal combustion engine (ICE)/gasoline engine ban International international balance of payments International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Sustainability and Carbon Certification model(ISCC) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit Invvesting ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron iron oxide IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISB10 isobutanol ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isobutylene isomerisation isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica jamelão Japan jatobá Jatropha Jersey Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 jet B Jetfuel (Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs Joint Office of Energy and Transportation jojoba Jordan JP-10 JP-4 JP-5/NATO F-44 JP-8/NATO F-34 juniper Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kalanchoe kamani Kans grass Kansas Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati knotweed Knowledge Discovery Framework Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kulpa kusum Kuwait Kygryzstan labels labor policy Labrador lactic acid lactose Lake County lamp oil land ownership land prices land rights land subsidence land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy landfill methane Landfills landscape Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead Leadtree leaf ant Lebanon lecithin legislation Legislation-Federal Legislation-State legumes lemna lend-lease Lesotho lesquerella leucaena levulinic acid Liberia Libya licensing lichens life cycle analysis (LCA) light rail lignin Lignin Ethanol Oil (LEO) Lignocellulosic Biofuel lignocellulosic sugars lime linseed Lipid liquefaction liquid liquid petroleum gas (LPG) liquid transportation fuels liquidation Liquified Biogas (LBG) Liquified Biogas (LBG) pumps liquified biomethane (LBM) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logistics long-term contracts Louis Louisiana low c low carbon emissions low carbon octane standard (LCOS) Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel low sulfur fuel low sulfur marine fuel LSMGO (Low Sulfur Marine Gas Oil) lubricants lumber mill lupin Luxembourg lysis M100 M15 M3 M50 ma macadamia macauba Macedonia machine learning machinery macororo Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona management changes mandates mangaba manganese mango mangrove Manitoba mannose manure maple maps marginal land marine algae Marine Corps Marine Diesel Oil (MDO) Marine Fuel Oil Marine Gas Oil (MGO) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) price Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel Terminal Marine/maritime renewable fuel terminal/bunkering market forces market share marketing markets/sales Mars Marshall Islands Maryland Masdar Institute mass balance standard Massachusetts Master Limited Partnership (MLP) Mauritania Mauritius Mazda meat mechanics training medical waste MEEC membranes mergers and acquisitions mesquite methanation methane leaks methane/biomethane methanization methanol benefits methanol fuel cells methanol hybrid methanol price Methanol-to-Gasoline Methanol-to-Jet (MTJ-SPK) Methanol/Biomethanol/Renewable Methanol methylbutenol Mexico Michelin GreenX Challenge Michigan micro-crop microalgae microbial electrosynthesis microbiology microorganisms/microbes microwave Mid-Atlantic Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military reserves military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels milk permeate millennium fruit millet millettia pinnata milo stover mineralization minerals mining Minn Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold Moldova molinia molybdenum MON (Motor Octane Number) Monaco Mongolia mongongo monitoring/measuring reporting verifiction (MRV) Montana Montenegro moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles motors MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES2014 MOVES3 (MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator model) Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed mvr Myanmar n-butanol n-butene nahar Namibia nano nano particles nanocatalysts nanocellulose nanomaterials naphtha/bionaphtha/renewable naphtha naphthene NASCAR National Academies of Science National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) National Energy Council National Environmental Policy Act National Guard National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Laboratory National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Oilheat Research Alliance National Park Service National Research Council National Science Foundation (NSF) national security National Security Council National Transportation Safety Board National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) Native American/American Indian/First Nation Tribes natural gas Natural Gas Act natural gas input natural gas prices natural gas vehicles natural gasoline Navy Nebraska neem negative carbon emissions NEN 7427-1 neodymium Nepal net energy balance Netherlands Nevada New Brunswick new fuel approval New Guinea New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New South Wales New York New Zealand Newfoundland Newfoundland and Labrador next generation biofuels next generation vehicles NHRA drag racing Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrogen starvation nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota North Korea Northeast Northern Australia northern catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory Northwest Territories Norwary Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds nuclear Nunavut nut shells nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition oak oat hulls oat straw oats Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) Office of Science Technology and Policy (OSTP) Offices of Inspector Generals offtake agreements Ohio oil oil embargo oil exploration oil monopoly oil p oil price parity oil prices oil production oil refineries oil replacement oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil speculators oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes oil/gas terminals Oilcane Oils Oklahoma olefins oligomerization olive cake olive oil olive pits olive pomace olive water olives Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm ammonia production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing on-site hydrogen production one p one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontaio Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) open fuel standard open pond opportunity zones optimized flex fuel vehicles orange peel orchard grass orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) osage orange OSHA Overseas Private Investment Corporation overview overview/survey course owa oxygen oxygenate ozone Pakistan Palau palm palm biomass palm fatty acid distillate palm fiber palm fronds palm kernel palm kernel oil palm kernel shell palm oil Palm Oil Methyl Ester (PME) palm oil mill effluent (POME) palm oil prices palm trunk sap palm waste Paludiculture/peatland cultivation Panama pandas panic grass papaya paper Papua Indonesia Papua New Guinea paraffins Paraguay Paris Agreement parity partial waiver particulates pasture land Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) patents pathways Paulownia paulownia tree payments peach shell peaches peak oil peak oil demand peanuts/groundnuts peas pectin peela kaner pellet pellets Pennsylvania pennycress/stinkweed pentane pentanol pentose pequi perennial grains perennial grasses Performance permitting Peru pest-tolerance pesticide-tolerance pests pet food petition petroleum pharmaceuticals phase separation Philippines phosphorus photobioreactor photocatalysis/photocatalysts photoelectrocatalysis photoelectrochemical photolysis photosynthesis phragmites pigeon pea pilot pilot scale pine pine beetle pine needles pine nut pineapple Pineapple leaf pinion Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Admin (PHMSA) pipelines Pistacia chinensis PLA plant cell research plant cell walls plant oil plastic plastic-to-jet platinum Plug-in Flex Fuel Hybrid Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) plume grass Poand podcasts Poland poli Policy politics pollinators pollution pollution control polyethylene polyfuel polymer polymerization polysaccharides pomace pomegranates pongamia pongamia pinnata poplar poppy population control Portable refinery Portugal poster sessions potamogeton potassium potato poultry litter/waste power power-to-x/gas/liquid prairie grasses pre-processing precision farming/agriculture precursors/biointermediates premium gasoline Pretreatment pretreatment equipment price price of water prickly pear Prince Edward Island process flow diagram producer tax credit Production tax credit productivity project insurance propagating Propane/Biopropane/Renewable Propane propane/renewable propane pumps propanol property insurance propylene protectionism protein protests proton exchange membrane (PEM) public comments public health policy Puerto Rico pulp Pulp/Paper Mill pump retrofit kit pumps/fueling station pungam Punnai tree pyrolysis pyrolytic liquefaction Q-RIN QAP Qatar quality assurance Quality Assurance Plans (QAPs) quality improvement quantum dots Quebec Queensland quote of the week r R Factor R100/RD100 R33 R5 R95B5/RD95B5 R99/RD99 rabbits race radiata pine radish leaves Rahal Letterman Lanigan Racing railroad rain tree rainforest ranchers RAND rare earth metal/critical minerals RD10 RD100 RD15 RD20 RD3 RD30 RD40 RD50 RD55 RD80 RD80B20 RD99 reclaimed mine lands Recycled Carbon Fuel (RCF) recycled oil recycled plastics recycling red algae redcedar Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation Refined Bleached Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO) refineries reforestation Reformate regenerative braking regenerative farming Regional Conservation Partnership Program (RCPP) Regulated Emissions regulations Regulations-Federal Regulations-State Regulatory Enhancement Growth Support (REGS) Reid vapor pressure (RVP) remediation remediation rice straw 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