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Researchers Prove that Tough, Woody Lignin Can Be Broken Down in an Anaerobic Environment

by Sonia Fernandez (University of California – Santa Barbara/Phys.Org) It’s a tough job, but someone’s got to do it. In this case, the “job” is the breakdown of lignin, the

March 17, 2023 Read Full Article

To Make Valuable Bioproducts, Pick the Right Solvent Pretreatment

(U.S. Department of Energy) Lignin and cellulose are polymers—large molecules made up of repeating modules—that are situated in a tangled braid, along with some other polymers, within the plant cell wall.

December 17, 2022 Read Full Article

Enzymes Discovered in Capybara Gut Can Accelerate Utilization of Agroindustrial Waste

by Karina Ninni  (Agência FAPESP)– Converting agroindustrial waste into molecules of interest to society, such as biofuels and biochemicals, is one of the ways to mitigate dependence on oil and

May 3, 2022 Read Full Article

Composition and Yield of Non-Cellulosic and Cellulosic Sugars in Soluble and Particulate Fractions during Consolidated Bioprocessing of Poplar Biomass by Clostridium thermocellum

by Ajaya K. Biswal, Neal N. Hengge, Ian M. Black, Melani A. Atmodjo, Sushree S. Mohanty, David Ryno, Michael E. Himmel, Parastoo Azadi, Yannick J. Bomble & Debra Mohnen  (Biotechnology

March 2, 2022 Read Full Article

LSU Chemists Unlock the Key to Improving Biofuel and Biomaterial Production

(Louisiana State University Chemistry) As the world searches for and demands more sustainable sources of energy and materials, plant biomass may provide the solution by serving as a renewable resource for

January 31, 2022 Read Full Article

Recent Innovations in Turning Agricultural Waste into Biofuels

by Raj Shah and Amanda Loo (altenergymag.com/Koehler Instrument Company)  Wastes from fields and wastes from processing are the two kinds of agricultural wastes. Field wastes are present after harvesting crops

August 19, 2021 Read Full Article

From Biofuels and Other Chemicals to Methane Production: Study Peers into the Mysteries of a Goat’s Gut

by Sonia Fernandez (University of California – Santa Barbara/Phys.Org) … “This has been the longest single effort in my lab,” said (Michelle) O’Malley, who with her research team way back in

February 2, 2021 Read Full Article

WEBINAR: Unravelling the Plant Cell Wall – Unlocking the Potential of Plant-Based Fuels and Products for a Greener Future — January 13, 2021

WEBINAR: Unravelling the Plant Cell Wall – Unlocking the Potential of Plant-Based Fuels and Products for a Greener Future — January 13, 2021

University of Georgia Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Department and the Complex Carbohydrate Research Center’s GTP Seminar Series  Wednesday, January 13, 2021 at 12:30 pm ET  https://www.ccrc.uga.edu/seminars/index.php www.ccrc.uga.edu

January 11, 2021 Read Full Article

Novel Cellulose Finding May Lead to New Chemicals, Biofuels

by Jamie Oberdick (Pennsylvania State University/Phys.Org) A multi-institutional research group led by two Penn State faculty members has identified, for the first time, how cellulose crystals orient themselves relative to the

November 20, 2020 Read Full Article

Amid Oil Price Crash, a New Hope for Biofuels

by Tina Casey (Triple Pundit)  … (T)there are reasons to be optimistic about the future of biofuels, as the field continues to evolve remarkably from where it was a decade ago. …

May 19, 2020 Read Full Article

Seeing Starch: Novel Technique Enables Gentle Observation of Biofuel Materials

(Oak Ridge National Laboratory) Scientists at the Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory have developed a new method to peer deep into the nanostructure of biomaterials without damaging the

February 27, 2020 Read Full Article

Bigger, Better Crops Combat Climate Change

by Michael Robin (Western Producer)  Carbon from bigger crops and more robust plants like this hybrid canola, and their larger root systems, is being sequestered at higher rates than it

January 28, 2020 Read Full Article

Scientists Develop Efficient Methods to Turn Woody Biomass into Fuels

by Brian Wallheimer (Purdue University) … Lignin, a complex compound in cell walls, blocks access to plant carbohydrates that could be cleaved into sugars and then fermented into biofuels. The

October 25, 2019 Read Full Article

Supercomputing Improves Biomass Fuel Conversion

by Holly Ober (Univesity of California Riverside News)  Researchers combine supercomputing with nano-imaging to reveal how to efficiently break down plant biomass and transform it into transportation fuels  —  … In

August 5, 2019 Read Full Article

Turning the Switch on Biofuels

by Anne M Stark (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory/Phys.Org)  Plant cell walls contain a renewable, nearly limitless supply of sugar that can be used in the production of chemicals and biofuels. However, retrieving

June 20, 2019 Read Full Article

Breakthrough Technique for Studying Gene Expression Takes Root in Plants

(U.S. Department of Energy/Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory/EurekAlert!) Berkeley Lab scientists adapt open-source genetic analysis method for use in plant cells for the first time  —  An open-source RNA analysis platform has been

May 17, 2019 Read Full Article

Removing the Brakes on Plant Oil Production

(Brookhaven National Laboratory/Biodiesel Magazine)  Scientists studying plant biochemistry at the U.S. DOE’s Brookhaven National Laboratory have discovered new details about biomolecules that put the brakes on oil production. The findings suggest

April 18, 2018 0 comment Read Full Article

New Insights into How Cellulose Is Built Could Indicate How to Break It Apart for biofuels

(Phys.Org/Pennsylvania State University)  A comprehensive look at how plants build cellulose, the primary building block of the walls of most plant cells that is used in a wide variety of manmade

April 1, 2018 Read Full Article

Gene Improves Plant Growth and Conversion to Biofuels

(University of Georgia/Biomass Magazine)  A research team led by the University of Georgia has discovered that manipulation of the same gene in poplar trees and switchgrass produced plants that grow better

February 14, 2018 Read Full Article

Less Chewing the Cud, More Greening the Fuel

(Phys.Org/Rothamsted Research)  … But now a multinational team of researchers, from the UK, Brazil and the US, has pinpointed a gene involved in the stiffening of cell walls whose suppression increased

January 12, 2018 Read Full Article

NREL Research Finds a “Sweet Spot” for Engineering Better Biofuel Enzymes

(U.S. Department of Energy)  Added sugar takes on a whole new meaning in the National Renewable Energy Laboratory’s (NREL’s) work to uncover the secrets behind one of nature’s most powerful tools—cellulose-degrading

December 12, 2017 Read Full Article

Loosening of Lignocellulose: Switchgrass and Success in Sugar Release

(U.S. Department of Energy)  Introduced traits remain stable, improving biofuel production in a field setting.  —   …  Near-term fossil fuel alternatives could reduce carbon emissions and ensure U.S. energy

July 24, 2017 Read Full Article

New Approach to Unlock the Genetic Potential of Plant Cell Wall

(Phys.Org/University of York)  Researchers from the University of York and the Quadram Institute have unlocked the genetic secrets of plant cell walls, which could help improve the quality of plant-based

June 23, 2017 Read Full Article

Understanding Why Cellulose Resists Degradation Could Lead to Cost-Effective Biofuels

(Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory/Phys.Org)  A major bottleneck hindering cost-effective production of biofuels and many valuable chemicals is the difficulty of breaking down cellulose—an important structural component of plant cell walls.

June 6, 2017 Read Full Article

Textbook: Biofuels and Bioenergy

edited by John Love and John A.  Bryant (Wiley-Blackwell)  With increased public and scientific attention driven by factors such as oil price spikes, the need for increased energy security, and

April 3, 2017 Read Full Article

Researchers Find New Way to Typify Cellulose, Advance Bioproducts

(Washington State University/Biomass Magazine) Researchers at Washington State University Tri-Cities and Pacific Northwest National Laboratory have found a new way to define the molecular structure of cellulose, which could lead to

March 24, 2017 Read Full Article

Proteins Interactions Hold Key for Maximizing Oil Production in Plants for Biofuels and Biomaterials

(Brookhaven National Laboratory/Lab Manager)  Findings point to new biochemical strategies for increasing oil yield from crops grown to produce biofuels and biomaterials  —  …  By exploring the details of this

March 23, 2017 Read Full Article

Smart Microalgae at the Danish IP Fair

(Algae Industry Magazine)  On May 9 Yumiko Sakuragi from the Copenhagen Plant Science Centre will participate in the Danish IP fair in Industriens Hus, Copenhagen. Dr. Sakuragi will present her

March 8, 2017 Read Full Article

ORNL: Populus SNP Dataset Holds Promise for Biofuels

(Oak Ridge National Laboratory/Biomass Magazine)  Researchers at the Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory have released the largest-ever single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) dataset of genetic variations in poplar trees,

January 20, 2017 Read Full Article

‘Glue’ That Makes Plant Cell Walls Strong Could Hold the Key to Wooden Skyscrapers

(University of Cambridge)  Molecules 10,000 times narrower than the width of a human hair could hold the key to making possible wooden skyscrapers and more energy-efficient paper production, according to

December 22, 2016 Read Full Article

Ames Laboratory to Receive $3 Million to Develop Instrument to Study Plant Cell Walls

(Ames Laboratory)  A team of scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Ames Laboratory will be developing new instrumentation aimed at determining the chemical and structural makeup of plant cell

October 20, 2016 Read Full Article

UT-ORNL Team Hopes to Ease Path from Vegetation to Biofuel

(University of Tennessee)  A UT-ORNL team led by Governor’s Chair Jeremy Smith is using supercomputing to figure out ways to ease the path of turning vegetation into biofuel. A huge barrier in

September 29, 2016 Read Full Article

Greenwood Resources Licenses ORNL Invention to Boost Biofuel Yield

(Oak Ridge National Laboratory/NewsWise)  GreenWood Resources has licensed an Oak Ridge National Laboratory technology based on the discovery of a gene in poplar (Populus trichocarpa) that makes it easier to

September 29, 2016 Read Full Article

Sandia: Turning Ubiquitous Lignin into High-Value Chemicals

(Sandia National Laboratories/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Abundant, chock full of energy and bound so tightly that the only way to release its energy is through combustion—lignin has frustrated scientists for years.

September 26, 2016 Read Full Article

Breakthrough in Salt-Tolerance in Plants Research

(Univesity of Adelaide)  University of Adelaide researchers have made a breakthrough in investigating salt tolerance in plants which could lead to new salt tolerant varieties of crops, and also answer

September 26, 2016 Read Full Article

Diverse Fungi Secrete Similar Suite of Decomposition Enzymes

(Phys.Org/Department of Energy)  Soil fungi secrete a wide range of enzymes that play an important role in biofuel production and bioremediation of metal-contaminated soils and water. A recent study reveals

August 31, 2016 Read Full Article

Researchers: Generically Improving Sorghum Could Benefit Biofuels

(Genetics Society of America/Biomass Magazine)  The bioenergy crop sorghum holds great promise as a raw material for making environmentally friendly fuels and chemicals that offer alternatives to petroleum-based products. Sorghum

July 17, 2016 Read Full Article

Better Understanding Could Lead to More Cost-Effective Production of Cellulosic Biofuels

(Phys.Org)  Plant cell walls, which constitute the bulk of plant biomass, are diverse, complex, and dynamic in their structural composition and integrity. Cell walls are innately resistant to deconstruction by

July 1, 2016 Read Full Article

Study Shows Trees with Altered Lignin Are Better for Biofuels

(Brookhaven National Laboratory)  Fundamental enzyme study leads to increased access to bioenergy feedstocks and improves ethanol yield by modifying plant cell wall structures. Lignin is a natural component of plant

June 29, 2016 Read Full Article

Cellulose: New Understanding Could Lead to Tailored Biofuels

(University of Cambridge/University of Melbourne)  In the search for low emission plant-based fuels, new research may help avoid having to choose between growing crops for food or fuel. Scientists have

June 9, 2016 Read Full Article

Researchers’ New Advance in Quest for Second Generation Biofuels

(Phys.Org)  … The team, including Professor Paul Walton and Professor Gideon Davies of the Department of Chemistry at York, today presents the first published molecular structure of one of the key

March 2, 2016 Read Full Article

The Future, Unzipped

by Erik Ness (Grow)  Lignin is a tough organic compound that gives plants like this poplar their structure—and it’s one of the biggest obstacles in breaking down plants to produce

January 28, 2016 Read Full Article

Seeking Better Biofuels

by Melody M. Bomgardner (Chemical & Engineering News)  Researchers at the Joint BioEnergy Institute transform biomass into energy-rich fuel molecules  —   ..  JBEI researchers are zeroing in on concepts that

October 26, 2015 Read Full Article

Unlocking Lignin for Sustainable Biofuel

(Oak Ridge National Laboratory/NewsWise)  Lignin–hemicellulose simulation demonstrates potential for predictive modeling using NAMD  —  Turning trees, grass, and other biomass into fuel for automobiles and airplanes is a costly and

July 8, 2015 Read Full Article

Unlocking Fermentation Secrets Open the Door to New Biofuels

by Rick Kubetz (Phys.Org)  Researchers from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have, for the first time, uncovered the complex interdependence and orchestration of metabolic reactions, gene regulation, and environmental

July 1, 2015 Read Full Article

Unlocking the Biofuel Energy Stored in Plant Cell Walls

by Cherie Winner (Pennsylvania State University)  By virtue of their chloroplasts, plants are superb harvesters of solar energy. They use it to build leaves, flowers, fruits, stems, and roots. We harvest

June 15, 2015 Read Full Article

UMass Amherst Lignin Research Sheds Light on How Plants Adapt to Environmental Stress

by Isabel Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Massachusetts, new research may advance our understanding of “how the relative proportions of biopolymers,” like lignin, “are controlled in plant tissue”. The study, led

January 5, 2015 Read Full Article

Purdue Study Uncovers Details on Plant Building Blocks

by Christopher Doering (Des Moines Register)  Purdue University researchers said Wednesday they have discovered the structure of the enzyme that makes cellulose, a finding that could make it easier to break

September 26, 2014 Read Full Article

JBEI GT Collection: A New Resource for Advanced Biofuels Research

(Joint BioEnergy Institute/Biomass Magazine) Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Joint BioEnergy Institute have unveiled the first glycosyltransferase clone collection specifically targeted for the study of the biosynthesis of plant

August 28, 2014 Read Full Article

Converting Biomass to Fuels

by Aaron Dubrow (National Science Foundation)  Researchers use NSF-supported Stampede supercomputer to improve catalysts for conversion Scientists from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) are using the National Science Foundation-supported Stampede supercomputer

July 2, 2014 Read Full Article

Purdue Researchers Launch Innovative Biomass Renewable Energy Company

by Phillip Fiorini and Cynthia Sequin (Purdue University)   Purdue University researchers are launching a company focusing on an innovative process that could revolutionize how lignocellulosic biomass is used to make biofuels and

March 28, 2014 Read Full Article

Scientists Identify Key Genes to Increase Plant Leaf Oil Content

(Brookhaven National Laboratory/Biodiesel Magazine)  Scientists at the U.S. DOE’s Brookhaven National Laboratory have identified the key genes required for oil production and accumulation in plant leaves and other vegetative plant

October 23, 2013 Read Full Article

New Plant Protein Discoveries Could Ease Global Food and Fuel Demands

by Kim McDonald   (University of California at San Diego)  New discoveries of the way plants transport important substances across their biological membranes to resist toxic metals and pests, increase salt and

May 6, 2013 Read Full Article

Making Do with More: Joint BioEnergy Institute Researchers Engineer Plant Cell Walls to Boost Sugar Yields for Biofuels

by Lynn Yarris (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory)  When blessed with a resource in overwhelming abundance it’s generally a good idea to make valuable use of that resource. Lignocellulosic biomass is

April 2, 2013 Read Full Article

Newly Discovered Plant Structure May Lead to Improved Biofuel Processing

by James Hataway (University of Georgia)  When Li Tan approached his colleagues at the University of Georgia with some unusual data he had collected, they initially seemed convinced that his

February 8, 2013 Read Full Article

Chlamydomonas Shown to Break Down Cellulose

(Algae Industry Magazine)  Douglas Main reports on OurAmazingPlanet that researchers at Germany’s University of Bielefeld have discovered that when the alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtiiis deprived of carbon dioxide, it can cannibalize other

January 3, 2013 Read Full Article

Research Targets Cells to Reduce Lignin, Boost Fermentable Sugar

by Susanne Retka Schill (Ethanol Producer Magazine)    Researchers at the Joint BioEnergy Institute are exploring new ways to meet the challenge of recalcitrant cellulosic feedstocks and lower the cost of biomass-based

December 31, 2012 Read Full Article

Boosting Galactan Sugars Could Boost Biofuel Production

(EScienceNews.com)  Galactan is a polymer of galactose, a six-carbon sugar that can be readily fermented by yeast into ethanol and is a target of interest for researchers in advanced biofuels

December 26, 2012 Read Full Article

Researchers Work to Unlock Secrets of Cellulose Production

by Holly Jessen (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  …University of Virginia researchers Jochen Zimmer, Jacob Morgan and Joanna Strumillo  wrote a paper entitled “Crystallographic snapshot of cellulose synthesis and membrane translocation.” It

December 26, 2012 Read Full Article

Discovery May Pave Way to Genetically Enhanced Biofuel Crops

(ScienceCodex.com)  …Pectic compounds decorated with β-1,4-galactan (a chain of six-carbon sugars) are of considerable interest to the biofuels industry, because six-carbon sugars are readily converted into ethanol (biofuel) by fermenting

December 21, 2012 Read Full Article

NREL Researchers Use Imaging Technologies to Solve Puzzle of Plant Architecture

(US Department of Energy/National Renewable Energy Laboratory)  Breakthrough could help optimize capture of sugars for biofuels Scientists at the U.S.

November 30, 2012 Read Full Article

How Does Plant Cell Wall Nanoscale Architecture Correlate with Enzymatic Digestibility?

Shi-You Ding, Yu-San Liu, Yining Zeng, Michael E. Himmel, John O. Baker, Edward A. Bayer (Science Magazine)  Greater understanding of the

November 27, 2012 Read Full Article

A Better Route to Xylan

by Lynn Yarris (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory)  Joint BioEnergy Institute Researchers Find New Access to Abundant Biomass for Advanced Biofuels

November 17, 2012 Read Full Article

Reflections on Developments in the Biorefinery Industry: 4th Nordic Wood Biorefinery Conference

by Stefaniya Becking* (Advanced Biofuels USA)  The 4th Nordic Wood Biorefinery conference held in Helsinki, Finland (October 23-25, 2012) brought

October 29, 2012 0 comment Read Full Article

Functional Characterization of the Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) R2R3-MYB Transcription Factor PvMYB4 for Improvement of Lignocellulosic Feedstocks

Hui Shen, Xianzhi He, Charleson R. Poovaiah, Wegi A. Wuddineh, Junying Ma, David G. J. Mann, Huanzhong Wang,  Lisa Jackson, Yuhong Tang, C. Neal Stewart Jr, Fang Chen, Richard A.

August 30, 2012 Read Full Article

Mutation of WRKY Transcription Factors Initiates Pith Secondary Wall Formation and Increases Stem Biomass in Dicotyledonous Plants

Huanzhong Wang,  Utku Avci,  Jin Nakashima,  Michael G. Hahn, Fang Chen, and Richard A. Dixon (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)

August 30, 2012 Read Full Article

New Technique Yields Information Critical to Biofuels Research

(R&D Magazine)  Pioneering mass spectrometry methods developed at the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Ames Laboratory are helping plant biologists

August 13, 2012 Read Full Article

Scientists Create Low-Lignin Plants with Improved Potential for Biofuel Production

(ECNMag.com)  Engineered enzyme alters cell wall composition in ways that could make it easier to convert plant biomass into biofuels

August 8, 2012 Read Full Article

Biofuels Patent Marks Milestone for Madison Research Hub

Thomas Content (Journal Sentinel)  C5-6 Technologies of Middleton and the Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center in Madison are celebrating a

July 17, 2012 Read Full Article

Heat-Loving Bacteria Could Lead to Next-Generation Microbe

by Holly Jessen (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Key proteins have been identified in a family of bacteria that help the microbes

July 5, 2012 Read Full Article

Iowa State, Ames Lab Chemists Aid Study of Mutated Plants that May Be Better for Biofuels

(EurekAlert/Iowa State University)   Genetic mutations to cellulose in plants could improve the conversion of cellulosic biomass into biofuels, according

February 29, 2012 Read Full Article

Plant toughness: Key to Cracking Biofuels?

(EurekAlert/Stanford University)  Along with photosynthesis, the plant cell wall is one of the features that most set plants apart from

February 23, 2012 Read Full Article

Extreme Biofuels and Those Heat-Seeking X Bugs

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)   …Some of the first American visitors to Yellowstone, who began to record their journeys

February 16, 2012 Read Full Article

The 7 Paths of the New Agriculture

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  …But the New Agriculture has arisen in recent years, with new solutions to the old

January 6, 2012 Read Full Article

Discovery On How Sugars Are Moved Throughout a Plant

(Science Daily)  …But how the sucrose produced in the leaves via photosynthesis is delivered to the transporters that move it

December 27, 2011 Read Full Article

Transcriptional Changes Related to Secondary Wall Formation in Xylem of Transgenic Lines of Tobacco Altered for Lignin or Xylan Content which Show Improved Saccharification

by Charis M. Cook, Arsalan Daudi, David J. Millar, Laurence V. Bindschedler, Safina Khan, G. Paul Bolwell, Alessandra Devoto (Science Direct)  In this study, an EST library

December 9, 2011 Read Full Article

Tailoring Biomass to Fit the Biofuels Pipeline

by Dr. Maureen McCann (Professor, Purdue University) Dr. McCann begins by describing the different plant cell wall architectures belonging to

January 23, 2011 Read Full Article

Rediscovering Genes Related to Biomass Recalcitrance Using a Combination of High Throughput and High Resolution Plant Cell Wall Characterization Methods

by Dr. Mark Davis (BioEnergy Science Center, National Bioenergy Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory) Dr. Davis discusses a multidisciplinary approach

January 23, 2011 Read Full Article

Unraveling Plant Cell-Wall Construction for Biofuels Research

by Karen McNulty Walsh  (Brookhaven National Laboratory/RenewableEnergyWorld)   Understanding how lignin building blocks are transported could break down barriers to biofuel

December 17, 2010 Read Full Article

Drilling Down to the Nanometer Depths of Leaves for Biofuels

(Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory)  By imaging the cell walls of a zinnia leaf down to the nanometer scale, energy researchers

July 23, 2010 Read Full Article

National Renewable Energy Laboratory Breaks Down Walls for Biofuels

by Heather Lammers, NREL (Renewable Energy World)  Researchers at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and ethanol producers are racing

December 11, 2009 Read Full Article

US DOE Funds Lignocellulose Research

by Lisa Gibson (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  The newly funded Center for Lignocellulose Structure and Formation at Pennsylvania State University will

May 30, 2009 Read Full Article

Biologist Finds Cell Wall Construction Pathway

Wood with altered properties and cheaper ethanol through more efficient production are two possibilities as a result of a find

October 30, 2006 Read Full Article

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acid hydrolysis pretreatment DIN 51605 DIN EN 15376 (Ethanol blending component) direct-to-fuel direct air capture directed evolution direct injection Direct Sugar to Hydrocarbon Conversion (DSHC) dispense distillates distillation distilled biodiesel distilleries distributed/centralized distribution distribution capacity distribution waiver diversification divestment DME/rDME (dimethyl ether)/renewable DME Dominican Republic double cropping Drones/Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) drop-in biofuels/hydrocarbons drought drought-resistant drought tolerant dry ice dual cropping Dubai duckweed e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E5 price E6 E7 E8 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E40 E50 E55 E75 E78 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized 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energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy prices energy reserves Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine/Fuel Co-optimization Engine Development engineering engine problems England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment environmental impact study (EIS) Environmentalists environmental justice/socially inclusive environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling enzymes Enzyme solicitation EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) ethane ethanol ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol benefits ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol blend wall ethanol emissions ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol tolerance Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethylbenzene ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order externalities extremophiles f F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farmers farming farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices Feedstocks feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation fermentation ferry fertilizer F Factor fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch/FT Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax Fleets fleet turnover fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) Flightpath flight tests flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs 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