Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

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JM and bp Chosen by EDL to Support Production of SAF at HyKero Plant in Germany

(Johnson Matthey)  • Johnson Matthey and bp’s co-developed Fischer Tropsch (FT) CANS™ technology selected for the project. The EDL HyKero power-to-liquids SAF plant would be the first of its kind at commercial scale in Germany. The licence is the 7th sustainable technologies project contributing to JM’s milestone of

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Four Reasons the EU Needs to Rethink Its Approach to Biofuels

by David Carpintero (ePURE/Politico) Europe’s newly revised Renewable Energy Directive confirms the sustainability of biofuels such as renewable ethanol, but other EU legislation continues to ignore their strategic importance. It’s time for a new approach. ... Consider the recent declaration by the G7 group

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Chemicals from Thin Air: Gas Fermentation and the Future of Bio-manufacturing

(World Bio Market Insights)  Bacteria can metabolise sugars in milk or wheat into wondrous forms like sourdough bread, sauerkraut, beer and cheese. Modern industrial fermentation uses similar techniques: it cultivates biochemicals in the bodies of microorganisms for drugs, proteins, nutraceuticals, and

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NREL Analysis Shows Midwestern Electrofuels Could Become Energy Superheroes

by Zia Abdullah (National Renewable Energy Laboratory)  More ethanol, fewer emissions, land with multiple purposes—there are several advantages of using renewable electricity to increase the carbon efficiency of biorefineries. --  ...  Made from carbon dioxide (CO2) from industrial waste gases or directly

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The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to Electrocatalytic CO2 Utilization

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Low-temperature CO2 electrolysis is a promising pathway to produce low carbon intensity fuels and chemicals, offering advantages in scalability, process efficiency, and intermittent operation. Significant risks must be overcome for CO2 electrolysis to help meet 2050 decarbonization goals A

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Sustainable Aviation Fuel Needs Sustainable Agriculture, and SusAg Is Accelerating

by y Mike Sticklen (Lee Enterprise Consulting/Biofuels Digest)  ... Corn-ethanol’s current average carbon intensity is 50 gCO2e/MJ ethanol which is one-half of gasoline carbon intensity of  100 gCO2e/MJ gasoline.  The ethanol industry has committed to net-zero carbon intensity by 2040 and a

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Cap­tur­ing CO2 with Elec­tri­city: A Mi­cro­bial En­zyme In­spires Elec­tro­chem­istry

(Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology) Sci­ent­ists isol­ate a mi­cro­bial en­zyme and branch it on an elec­trode to ef­fi­ciently and uni­direc­tion­ally con­vert car­bon di­ox­ide to form­ate Humanity continuously emits greenhouse gases and thereby worsens global warming. Increasing research efforts go into developing

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Using Sustainable Aviation Fuels Could Reduce Emissions by up to 80%, Scientists Find

by Jessica Marsh (University of Manchester) A team of scientists have completed tests to quantify the emissions from the combustion of sustainable aviation fuels, revealing a profound reduction when compared to regular jet fuel. Researchers from the National Centre for Atmospheric Science

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Top Ethanol Maker Says States Should Embrace Carbon Pipelines

by Kim Chipman (Bloomberg/Yahoo! Finance)  The world’s biggest maker of corn ethanol says US states that don’t embrace efforts to capture and store greenhouse gases risk being “left behind.” Poet LLC said in a statement Thursday it remains committed to the technology

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The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to the Economics and Sustainability of CO2 Utilization Technologies with TEA and LCA

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) A recent DOE project aims to perform techno-economic analysis (TEA), life cycle analysis (LCA), and water analysis of CO2 utilization (CO2U) technologies to address their costs and energy/environmental sustainability implications and to present economic and environmental

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The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to CO2 Utilization Markets, Resources, and Environmental and Energy Justice

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) A recent DOE project aims to quantify resource availability and costs for CO2 utilization (CO2U) in sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) production to inform industry, technology communities, and policymakers on location-specific economic and societal impacts. It will provide

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The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to the Feasibility of Utilizing Electricity to Produce Intermediates from CO2 and Biomass

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) A recent DOE project analyzed promising bolt-on compatible CO2 reduction pathways to fuels or products from standalone biorefineries, (2) Published a comprehensive strategic plan for achieving industrial decarbonization goals via CO2 conversion, with inclusion of outyear technical, cost,

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Major Navigator CO2 Pipeline Project Is on Hold while the Company Reevaluates the Route in 5 States

by Josh Funk (Associated Press)  Navigator CO2 Ventures announced Tuesday that it is putting on hold one of the two biggest proposed carbon dioxide pipeline projects in the Midwest so it can reassess the project. The company withdrew its application for a

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Researcher Develops Better Ways to Convert CO2 and Biofuel Byproducts into Valuable Chemicals

by Bev Betkowski (University of Alberta/Phys.Org)  A University of Alberta researcher has developed better ways to convert carbon dioxide, a harmful greenhouse gas, and glycerol, a leftover of biodiesel production, into value-added materials with wide-ranging uses including liquid hydrogen storage. The pair

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36 Characters in Search of an Author: The Quest for a National Energy Solution, Part 1

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) The problem of renewable molecules is not hard to understand. Molecules that are sustainable and affordable are not available.  Those that are sustainable and available are not affordable. If they are available and affordable, they are not

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Democrats in Congress Ask Biden for Moratorium on Carbon Pipeline Permits

by Leah Douglas (Reuters)  The United States should not permit any new carbon dioxide pipelines until updated federal safety regulations are finished, a dozen Democratic members of Congress said in a letter sent to President Joe Biden on Tuesday. Carbon capture and

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Orlen, Yokogawa Partner to Develop eSAF Technology

(Orlen/Biobased Diesel Daily)  Orlen and Yokogawa Europe, the regional headquarters for Japan’s Yokogawa Electric Corp., announced Sept. 22 that they have joined forces to initiate industrial-scale production of carbon-neutral synthetic aviation fuels. In a memorandum of understanding (MOU) signed Sept. 21, the

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Carbon Recycling International (CRI) and Jiangsu Sailboat Start up World’s Most Efficient CO2-to-Methanol Plant

(Carbon Recycling International) • Carbon Recycling International (CRI) and Jiangsu Sailboat have successfully started up one of the world's most efficient CO2-to-methanol plants. The plant will recycle carbon dioxide and hydrogen waste streams from the wider petrochemical complex. These are emissions that would

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Public Perception of CO2 Capture and Storage

by Danny Otto (Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research) Surveys show that public opinion about technologies for capturing and storing CO2 in Germany remains divided. Respondents are concerned that the focus on CCS can weaken climate policy, and they have doubts about

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Aemetis Biogas Closes $53 Million Sale of IRA Tax Credits

(Aemetis) Tax credits generated by investment in negative carbon intensity renewable natural gas production; additional $800 million of IRA investment and production tax credits expected in the next four years from Aemetis renewable fuel projects --  Aemetis, Inc. (NASDAQ: AMTX), a renewable natural

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The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to Upgrading of C1 Building Blocks

A new DOE project aims to develop the centerpiece technology for an integrated biorefinery concept based on the conversion of renewable and waste sources of C1 intermediates (e.g., syngas, CO2, methanol) to produce sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) with improved carbon

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Digging Deeper: Ethanol’s Role In the Carbon Age

by Luke Geiver (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Ethanol production is currently at the epicenter of the carbon capture and sequestration movement. Just ask two of the world’s most well-versed carbon experts. Sarah Forbes, deputy director for Carbon Management Technologies at the Office

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Without Green Hydrogen Policy, Shipping and Aviation Will Never Get to Zero Emissions

(Sasha Coalition) All pathways to truly sustainable fuels for the shipping and aviation sectors require green hydrogen (produced from renewables), with some of them requiring carbon dioxide from sustainable sources like direct air capture (DAC), according to a report released today

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Biofuels Vs Synthetic Fuels: The Five Points that Favor Waste Biomass to Fuels

by Michael Barnard (CleanTechnica)  I am betting on collective sanity, rational behavior of governments, and funding getting into the right hands as opposed to into the hands of people working on useless frippery. Recently a post-doctoral researcher at Ghent University in Belgium

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The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to Accelerating the Catalyst and Process Development Cycle for Bioenergy Applications

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) ChemCatBio accelerates the development of catalytic technologies for converting biomass and waste resources into fuels and chemicals with a lower carbon footprint. From sustainable aviation fuel to bio-based marine fuel to renewable monomers for material manufacturing, the Chemical

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Universiti Teknologi Petronas and Malaysian Kuwaiti Investment Embark on Pioneer Project in Sabah to Optimise Plantation’s Biomass

( Bernama/Malay Mail)  Universiti Teknologi Petronas (UTP) and Malaysian Kuwaiti Investment Co Sdn Bhd (MKIC) will embark on a pioneering project to optimise the use of palm oil plantation biomass and other wastes in Sabah following an agreement that was inked between

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The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to Carbon Dioxide Utilization Markets, Resources, and Environmental and Energy Justice

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  A new DOE project is quantifying resource availability and costs for CO2 utilization (CO2U) in sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) production to inform industry, technology communities, and policymakers on location-specific economic and societal impacts. It will provide insights

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The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to Utilizing Electricity to Produce Intermediates from CO2 and Biomass

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) A recent DOE project analyzed promising bolt-on compatible CO2 reduction pathways to fuels or products from standalone biorefineries; Published a comprehensive strategic plan for achieving industrial decarbonization goals via CO2 conversion, with inclusion of outyear technical, cost, and carbon intensity targets, and

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The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to CO2 Reduction and Upgrading for e-Fuels Consortium

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Commercial shipping and transportation expected to be difficult to electrify/decarbonize. Projected supply of traditional biomass feedstocks may be insufficient to fully meet global demand. CO2 as a feedstock could help meet SAF Grand Challenge. The CO2RUE

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CO2 Pipelines: The New Populist Republican Target

by Mike Soraghan (E&E News Energywire)  Far-right leaders are often fans of pipelines crossing the country, but when it comes to ones carrying carbon dioxide — forget it. Big pipeline and carbon sequestration projects in the Midwest, which would involve thousands of

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Climate Needs and Market Demand Drive Future for Durable CDR

by Karan Mistry, Bahar Carroll, Thomas Baker, Paulina Ponce de León Baridó, Alex Dewar, and Amy Sims (Boston Consulting Group) If the world is to circumvent an irreversible climate crisis, reducing or avoiding emissions will not be enough. Carbon Dioxide Removal

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DOE Announces $27 Million for Carbon Dioxide Transport Networks to Manage Carbon Emissions DEADLINE November 16, 2023

(U.S. Department of Energy) Funding From President Biden’s Investing in America Agenda Will Help Connect Sources of Carbon Dioxide to Locations for Geologic Storage and Conversion Through Multiple Transport Modes -- The U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon

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A Local Struggle over Carbon Pipelines in Iowa Is Becoming a 2024 Presidential Flashpoint

by Jillian Frankel and Alex Tabet (NBC News)  GOP presidential candidates are trying to strike a balance between supporting Iowa’s ethanol industry and maintaining landowners’ rights. -- ... The questions stem from efforts by three companies — Summit Carbon Solutions, Navigator CO₂

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Opinion: Illinois Economy, Safety Reach New Heights with Carbon Capture

by Joe Heinrich and Rick Terven Jr. (Agri-Pulse/Smart Carbon Network/Illinois Pipe Trades Association) ... Thanks to carbon capture technology, we can increase demand for Illinois corn and ethanol while spurring job creation, investment, and value-added agriculture. Carbon capture is a method of

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United Signs Agreement to Buy up to One Billion Gallons of Sustainable Aviation Fuel from Cemvita

(Cemvita/Business Wire) Cemvita designs synthetic microbes that have the potential to convert CO2 into sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) -- Cemvita Corporation announced an offtake arrangement with United Airlines for up to 1 billion gallons of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) from Cemvita’s first full-scale SAF

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Carbon Pipeline Company Has Not ‘Taken Any State off the Map’ after SD Permit Rejection

by Joshua Haiar and Jared Strong (South Dakota Searchlight) But Navigator CO2 pulls back on some operations while awaiting written decision -- A recently failed permit application is not necessarily the end of a carbon capture pipeline company’s goal of building in

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WVU Engineers Study How to Pull Carbon out of Building Air to Make Methanol

(WVU Today) Researchers at West Virginia University have taken the first steps toward developing technology that can capture carbon dioxide in the air and use it for eco-friendly manufacturing of methanol. The process they have begun modeling — which involves pulling air from

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Biohydrogen: Affordable, Green and Yet Overlooked

(European Biogas Association)  The European Biogas Association, in collaboration with biogas experts, is launching a white paper on the sustainability, affordability and accessibility of biohydrogen to support its production and use in Europe. Alongside biogas and biomethane, biohydrogen will be key

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HIF Global, Porsche and Volkswagen Group Unveil New DAC Unit

(HIF Global/PR Newswire) DAC unit, "the future of CO2 recycling," to be installed at the HIF Haru Oni Demonstration facility in Chile in 2024 --  HIF Global, the world's leading eFuels company, together with Porsche AG and Volkswagen Group Innovation, announced today (September

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Rastetter Testimony Sought for Evidence of Summit’s ‘Anticompetitive’ Agreements

by Jared Strong (Iowa Capital Dispatch)  Bruce Rastetter, the influential co-founder of Summit Carbon Solutions, should be subpoenaed to testify to state regulators in support of his company’s carbon dioxide pipeline proposal, according to the daughter of a landowner who is

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EU Renewable Ethanol Sector Produced More Food than Fuel in 2022

by Charles O'Donnell (Agriland) The EU renewable ethanol sector produced more food and animal feed than fuel in 2022, according to the European Renewable Ethanol Association (ePURE). According to ePURE’s audited data, its members produced 5.9 million tonnes of food and feed

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CARBONCO to Join Jeju Island Green Methanol Production Project

(CARBONCO/Business Wire)  Signs an agreement with Jeju Energy Corporation, Gaoncell, and ThyssenKrupp; Leverages P2X technology which stores and utilizes renewable energy in the form of methanol CARBONCO, a company specializing in decarbonization solutions established by DL E&C Co., Ltd (DL ENGINEERING & CONSTRUCTION) (KRX: 375500),

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The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to Carbon Dioxide Utilization

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) The DOE Bioenergy Technologies Office seeks to decarbonize the U.S. economy by developing efficient and economical biological and chemical technologies to convert renewable carbon resources into bioenergy and renewable chemicals and materials. Good news? CO2 represents

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As EPA Drowns in CCS Applications, Oil States Want to Take Control

by Jean Chemnick (Politico Pro Climatewire) The agency has seen a large increase in the number of companies that want to bury carbon dioxide. But it has only approved two permits.  --  EPA is buried under a mountain of permit applications from

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Lydian Raises $12M for Energy-Efficient E-fuels

(Lydian Labs/PR Newswire)  Funding Accelerates Buildout of Pilot Plant Capable of Producing More Than 5,000 Gallons of SAF Annually --  Lydian, a startup aiming to produce sustainable, CO2-derived fuels and chemicals, has announced $12M in new seed funding co-led by Congruent Ventures and Galvanize

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Sustainable Aviation Fuel from CO2 and Renewable Electricity - Topsoe REceives Funding fromn EUDP for FrontFuel-Project

(Topsoe) Topsoe announces it will lead the FrontFuel project, pioneering highly efficient Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) production from CO2, water, and renewable electricity; Topsoe will receive a 26.9 million DKK grant from the EUDP to fund the project. Topsoe, a global leader in

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Inauguration Ceremony at Germany's Largest Integrated Bio-LNG Plant

(EnviTec) EnviTec Bioenergie Güstrow GmbH leads the way towards a greener transport sector -- After a two-year conversion phase, three wide-ranging approval applications and capital investment of more than EUR 50 million, BioEnergie Park Güstrow has now entered the trial operation phase. With today’s

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The Future of Sustainable Aviation Fuels

by Owen Wagner (Rabobank) With aviation as a major source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, governments around the world have begun to design incentives for decarbonizing the sector – something the industry, to its credit, has been pursuing for years. Although sustainable

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E-fuels: Axens, Paul Wurth (SMS group) and IFPEN Sign an Agreement for the Co-Development of the Reverse Water Gas Shift Technology

(Axens) Axens, SMS group subsidiary Paul Wurth and IFP Energies nouvelles signed a co-development agreement for the optimization of the Reverse Water Gas Shift technology (RWGS) and its integration into e-fuel projects. The RWGS technology is indeed an essential part of the

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CU Boulder’s Weimer Lab Unveils Economical Method for Producing Clean Fuel

by Susan Glairon  (University of Colorado Boulder)  The University of Colorado Boulder’s Weimer Lab has introduced an efficient and economical method to use renewable energy to produce fuel, opening doors to clean and sustainable energy sources for a wide array of industries,

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Decision Looms by Sept. 6 on Navigator Pipeline Permit, Overruling South Dakota Counties

by John Hult (South Dakota Searchlight/Argus Leader) The Public Utilities Commission will decide at a later date whether it will overrule county zoning officials on behalf of a carbon pipeline company. Friday marked the second day of a two-day hearing in

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Methanol-to-Jet: Taking Off

by Anna Simet (SAF Magazine) Methanol as an alternative fuel continues to make headlines, and leading companies are evaluating the possibilities—not just in aviation, but marine and other sectors as well. A July 25 webinar hosted by the Commercial Aviation Alternative

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Start for the "Leuna100" Project: Use of the Green Fuel Saves Gigatons of CO2

(Fraunhofer Institute for Environmental, Safety and Energy Technology UMSICHT) Green methanol for shipping and industry -- The Berlin-based climate tech start-up C1, together with its partners – the Fraunhofer Institute for Wind Energy Systems IWES, the Fraunhofer Institute for Environmental, Safety and

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Equatic’s Transformative Technology Allows Seawater to Capture & Store Carbon

(Equatic/Business Wire) Equatic White Paper Outlines Rigorous MRV Framework to Validate Process -- Carbon removal company Equatic has developed a revolutionary process that relies on seawater electrolysis to capture and store carbon dioxide (CO2), while simultaneously producing clean hydrogen. A new white paper written

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The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to Infinium

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Infinium is a Commercial Scale decarbonization Platform for heavy transport, utilizing existing infrastructure for lower emissions today. Infinium’s production process uses renewable power, waste CO2 and water and, unlike most of today’s SAF and Renewable Diesel,

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Verde Clean Fuels Announces Carbon Capture Agreement for Renewable Gasoline Plant in California

(Verde Clean Fuels/Business Wire) Project aims to produce approximately 7MM gallons of renewable gasoline and sequester over 100,000 metric tons of CO2 per annum by 2027 -- Verde Clean Fuels (“Verde”) (Nasdaq: VGAS), a company focused on becoming the leading supplier of

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The Digest's 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to the State of Carbon Capture and eFuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Here’s the State of Carbon Capture and eFuels presentation from the ABLC CONNECT series episode. Current and expected demand, technologies, supply chain, projects of note, current news, key players — a comprehensive but compact look at

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On IRA Anniversary, RFA Members Demonstrate Progress toward Net-Zero Emissions Goal

(Renewable Fuels Association) On the first anniversary of the Inflation Reduction Act becoming law, the Renewable Fuels Association released a new inventory of announcements, press releases, and news articles regarding investments RFA members are making to reduce the carbon intensity of the

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Carbon Capture Magazine's Podcast: Adding Value to CO2 Markets with Infrastructure

(Carbon Capture Magazine) This week's Carbon Capture Magazine's podcast features Cody Johnson at CEO at SCS Technologies. Interviewed by Danielle Piekarski of Carbon Capture Magazine.  LISTEN

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Clariant's MegaMax® Catalyst Chosen by European Energy for World's Largest e-Methanol Plant

(Clariant) European Energy is building the world’s largest CO2-to-green methanol plant, with an annual capacity of 32,000 tons; End-customers include maritime giant Maersk, the Lego Group and Novo Nordisk; MegaMax catalyst optimally suited for green methanol production due to its high activity and

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CO2-based Fuels and Chemicals Conference 2024 --- April 17-18, 2024 --- Cologne, Germany

The CO2-based Fuels and Chemicals Conference is one of internationally established and has developed into a unique meeting and networking place for the entire Carbon Capture and Utilisation (CCU) and Power-to-X industry and its customers. The upcoming 12th edition of this

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PCC Hydrogen Secured Crucial Funding from USDA and KSTC

(PCC Hydrogen/Business Wire) PCC Hydrogen Inc. (PCCH2) is pleased to announce that the company has been awarded a highly competitive Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) Phase I Award of $175,000 from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Institute of

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Launch of Demonstration Experiment for CO2 Capture from Waste-to-Energy Plant Flue Gas for Use in Methanation

(Mitsubishi Heavy Industries) Joint Project by the City of Yokohama, Tokyo Gas, and MHI Group to Establish a CCU Chain Based on Regional Cooperation -- The City of Yokohama and Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd. (Tokyo Gas), together with Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.

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Montauk Renewables, Inc. Signs Letter of Intent with European Energy to Provide CO2 for e-Methanol Production

(Montauk Renewables/Globe Newswire) Montauk Renewables, Inc. (NASDAQ: MNTK) (“Montauk” or the “Company”) and its subsidiary, Montauk Energy Holdings, LLC, announced the Company signed a Letter of Intent (“LOI”) with EE North America, LLC (“EE North America”), a North American subsidiary of

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ASTM Decision Brings 100% SAF Certification within Reach

(Swedish Biofuels) Swedish Biofuels AB announced today that the ASTM International Committee has accepted the use of C2 to C5 alcohols as feedstock for the alcohol-to-jet (ATJ) pathway as well as a new specification for fully formulated aviation fuel with aromatics. The

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Aemetis Reports Progress with RNG, SAF and Ethanol Projects

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) Aemetis Inc. released second quarter financial results on Aug. 3, reporting progress with the development of its dairy renewable natural gas (RNG) project and its proposed renewable diesel and sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) biorefinery. The

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Germany’s Largest Integrated Bio-LNG Plant Will Produce Fuel for over 50 Million Truck Kilometers

(EnviTec/AltFuels)  The conversion and assembly work at Germany’s largest integrated bio-LNG plant with bio-CO2 liquefaction – BioEnergie Park Güstrow in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania – has just been completed. The EnviTec Biogas team is now ready to start placing the plant into operation.

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OceanScore’s ESG Solution and Sustainability Data Platform Score Highly with New Investors

(Ocean Score/Maritime Executive)  OceanScore has brought onboard a group of high-profile investors to fund development of new data-driven tools intended to assist shipping players in navigating regulatory complexity towards compliance. The Hamburg-based technology developer and data provider for the maritime industry,

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Biofuel and Specialty Chemical Production from Waste By-products Using Genetically-Engineered Bacteria

(Columbia University)  This technology is a genetically modified sulfur oxidizing and iron-reducing bacterial strain that can produce biofuels and specialty chemicals from waste by-products. Unmet Need: Method for managing waste while producing biofuels and chemicals Natural gas, a finite resource, must be replaced

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Presidential Candidate Doug Burgum Defends Eminent Domain to Build Carbon Capture Pipelines

by Donnelle Eller (Des Moines Register)  North Dakota Gov. Doug Burgum said Sunday he wants to see carbon capture pipeline projects succeed to boost the value of Midwest corn and soybeans — and help revitalize struggling rural towns. “The whole point of

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CO2 Utilization: Biofuel from the Stack

by Katie Schroeder (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Utilization technologies are stimulating interest in ethanol producers’ constant coproduct, carbon dioxide. An initiative from the U.S. Department of Energy has formed the CO2 Reduction and Upgrading for E-fuels Consortium—or CO2RUe—made up of labs across the

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ENGIE Joins Forces with CMA CGM and Air France-KLM to Accelerate the Decarbonization of Sea and Air Transport by Launching the First Industrial-Scale Renewable and Low-Carbon Fuel Platform in Le Havre

(ENGIE) • ENGIE awarded the Grand Canal project launched by HAROPA PORT on the Gran Canal du Havre for the development of the Salamandre and France KerEAUzen project Development of the Salamandre renewable and low-carbon gas production plant in Le Havre, with

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BioEnergie Park Güstrow Ready to Be Placed into Operation

(EnviTec Biogas) LCO2 tank successfully connected -- The conversion and assembly work at Germany's largest integrated bio-LNG plant with bio-CO2 liquefaction – BioEnergie Park Güstrow in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania – has just been completed. The EnviTec Biogas team is now ready to start placing

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Proposed Low-Carbon Fertilizer Project Could Benefit Ethanol Producers Public Comment DEADLINE August 11, 2023

(Ethanol Producer Magazine)  The U.S. EPA on July 7 opened a public comment period on its intent to issue Class VI permits for a carbon capture and storage (CCS) project that would sequester CO2 produced at a proposed fertilizer production facility.

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Carbon Sink LLC, Rose Cay Maritime Forge Strategic Alliance for Advanced Low-Carbon Maritime Fuel Logistics

(Carbon Sink/Rose Cay Maritime)  Carbon Sink’s green methanol fuel provides low-emissions alternative to traditional shipping fuels;  Agreement with Rose Cay Maritime will increase green methanol availability to shippers, cutting sector’s CO2 emissions within four years — Carbon Sink LLC, a pioneering green

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Aviation Sector Buys into Cutting-Edge Ways to Reduce CO2 Footprint

by Ken Silverstein (Forbes) ... To that end, a new plant is breaking ground today in Washington State to transform CO2 into jet fuel — a technology that could clean up air travel. The U.S. Air Force has tested the product, affirming that

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Willis Lease Finance Corporation Undertakes New, Innovative “Power-to-Liquid” (PtL) Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) Project

(Willis Lease Finance Corp./Globe Newswire/Yahoo!) -- Willis Lease Finance Corporation (NASDAQ: WLFC) (“WLFC”), a leading lessor of commercial aircraft engines and provider of global aviation service operations for more than 45 years, today announced an innovative project to develop and

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HYCO1 and Kansas Ethanol Collaborate on World's Largest Biogenic CO2 Utilization Facility

(HYCO1/PR Newswire) HYCO1, Inc.  announces that it has entered into a 20-year carbon dioxide supply agreement with Kansas Ethanol, located in Lyons, Kansas for the planned construction of the world's largest biogenic carbon dioxide utilization facility, Green Carbon Synthetics Kansas, LLC.  HYCO1 is

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Major New AD Plant on the Way to Kildare

by Stephan Robb (Irish Farmers Journal) Kildare County Council has given the green light to Ireland's biggest non-waste AD plant, which will use 165,000 tonnes of spent brewers' and distillers' grain and crops to produce biomethane.  READ MORE

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The Carbon Dioxide Industry: A Merchant & Sequestration Perspective Today

by Sam A. Rushing (Advanced Cryogenics, Ltd/Biofuels Digest) ... The ethanol industry accounts for the highest percentage of merchant CO2 supply to adjacent refining plants, than any other sectors; approximately 45% of the approximate 110 merchant CO2 sources which have CO2

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Tax Credits Jump Start Midwest Carbon Capture Projects — but the Cost Will Be in the Billions

by Erin Jordan (The Gazette) and  Juanpablo Ramirez-Franco (Harvest Public Media) (NPR)... Carbon tax credits are a “challenge to industry that says ‘if you can do this thing that makes sense for the climate, the U.S. government will pay you potentially tens,

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UK to Tighten Emissions Trading Scheme from 2024

by Nora Buli (Reuters) The UK emissions trading scheme (ETS) will be reformed next year to tighten limits on carbon dioxide pollution and expanded in 2026 to include new sectors, the relevant authority said on Monday. Introduced in 2021 for an initial

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Microbial Electrosynthesis – Scientists Discover That Bacteria Can Produce More Chemical Substances Than Thought

(SciTechDaily/Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (Leibniz-HKI)) How bacteria use carbon dioxide and electricity to produce useful chemical -- In the field of microbial electrosynthesis, microbes utilize CO2 and electricity to generate substances like alcohol. The precise biological mechanisms

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A New Hydrogen: from Methane, via Pyrolysis, without the CO2 Release

by Chingis Idrissov (IDTechEx/Biofuels Digest) Digest note. This column from Chingis Idrissov focuses on production of hydrogen from methane, with an underlying assumption that the methane will come from fossil gas reserves. But, not necessarily so. There’s renewable methane, which

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SEA-LNG Coalition Calls on IMO to Regulate All GHG Emissions on a Full Lifecycle Basis

(SEA-LNG)  Clear and consistent regulation is key to driving maritime decarbonisation. With this in mind, and ahead the International Maritime Organization’s (IMO) 80th Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC 80), industry association SEA-LNG calls on the IMO to regulate all greenhouse

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Clean, Sustainable Fuels Made ‘From Thin Air’ and Plastic Waste

(Cambridge University) Researchers have demonstrated how carbon dioxide can be captured from industrial processes – or even directly from the air – and transformed into clean, sustainable fuels using just the energy from the sun. -- The researchers, from the University

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Nordic Electrofuel, P2X-Europe Sign Term Sheet for Production, Commercialization of eSAF

(P2X-Europe/Biobased Diesel Daily)  Following extensive negotiations and cooperation that started last year, Norwegian Nordic Electrofuel (NEF) and German P2X-Europe, a joint venture of Mabanaft GmbH & Co. KG (Mabanaft) and H&R Group, signed a term sheet June 23 that formally lays

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CPGC and BASF Accelerate Onboard CO2 Capture System Development

(BASF)  CPGC is developing an advanced onboard CO2 capture system based on BASF’s OASE® blue gas treatment technology; BASF’s technology contributing to sustainability and cost savings for CO2 capture in maritime exhaust gas application; Cooperation to address challenges of energy efficiency

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Gasum Will Supply LNG and Synthetic e-LNG to MSC Cruises’ Eco-Friendly Ships

(Gasum/AltFuels)  Gasum and MSC Cruises, the Cruise Division of MSC Group, have signed a long-term agreement for the supply of LNG to the new MSC Euribia, as well as a Letter of Intent (LOI) with the goal of cooperating on the

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EPM's Podcast Series: Optimizing Carbon Management Opportunities: A Conversation with Navigator CO2

(Ethanol Producer Magazine) This week's Ethanol Producer Magazine podcast features, Elizabeth Burns-Thompson, Vice President, Government and Public Affairs of Navigator CO2. Interviewed by Katie Schroeder of Ethanol Producer Magazine. (12.36 min) LISTEN South Dakota Ethanol Industry Considers Ramifications of Carbon Dioxide

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EDF, Holcim, IFPEN and Axens Join Forces to Participate Together in the Creation of the French E-Fuels Air Transport Industry, with the "Take Kair" Project, Supported by Air France-KLM

(Axens) The objective of this cooperation is to take advantage of the complementary expertise of the signatories in order to contribute to the decarbonization of air transport and to support the emergence of the French e-SAF (Sustainable Aviation Fuel) industry,

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Fish Farm Waste Can Be Used to Produce Biogas, Study Shows

by Victor Lobanov (University of Gothenburg/Phys.Org) Digesting fish waste can allow circular fish and vegetable farms (aquaponics) to produce biogas that can be fed back into the energy system of these farms. This also generates excellent nutrition for plants, according

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Nuclear Diesel: A Game Changer -- Synfuels, Energized by Fission, Can Transform US Competition with China.

by Robert Hargraves  (Real Clean Energy) ... We can change the competition from vehicle electrification to producing zero-emission diesel fuel made from CO2, water, and nuclear energy. The US can leverage its expertise in petroleum refining and chemical engineering. For example,

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Comparative Economics of Carbon Sequestration for Iowa Ethanol Plants

(Iowa Renewable Fuels Association/Decision Innovation Solutions) Iowa currently has 42 ethanol plants with listed annual capacity of 4.669 billion gallons per year. Iowa’s ethanol plants produced an estimated 4.5 billion gallons of ethanol in 2022. There are several wet mill

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A Brighter Horizon for Sustainable Aviation Fuel: Sasol and Topsoe to Form a Future Business to Accelerate Global SAF Production

(Sasol)  Sasol, the global chemicals and energy company, and Topsoe, a global leader in carbon emission reduction technologies, have signed a landmark agreement to establish a 50/50 joint venture (subject to approval by relevant authorities), solidifying their commitment to produce sustainable

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The Aviation Industry’s Quest for Zero Emissions: Challenges and Opportunities

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) ... However, this challenge can be met by innovation, policy support, and collaboration across the aviation value chain, as found in a new expert-led, industry-wide report Voices from the Sky, says Milica Folić, Product Line Director at

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Using Policy to Accelerate BECCS Deployment in the United States --- June 27, 2023 --- Washington, DC

The International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) says that we will need carbon dioxide removal (CDR) to meet climate goals. Bionenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) is a promising form of CDR that can help us reduce emissions by

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US$ 4 bn Investment on Green Hydrogen Launched in Uruguay

(Merco Press)  Uruguayan President Luis Lacalle Pou Thursday announced that US$ 2 billion will be invested in the construction of a green hydrogen plant in Paysandú. The work to begin this year will employ between 1,500 and 3,200 jobs and the

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OMB Regulatory Agenda Outlines Upcoming CCS-Related Rulemakings

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  The White House Office of Management and Budget on June 13 published its Spring 2023 Unified Agenda and Regulatory Plan, which shows several rulemakings related to carbon capture and storage (CCS) are underway by federal

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Amadeus Invests in Sustainable Aviation Fuel Innovator CAPHENIA

by Lauren Hyde (Amadeus) First investment from travel technology leader outside of the software space; German company seeks to produce synthesis gas - the feedstock for sustainable, affordable, and scalable aviation fuel  Amadeus has acquired a minority stake in  CAPHENIA, a future

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Electrifying the Production of Sustainable Aviation Fuel: the Risks, Economics, and Environmental Benefits of Emerging Pathways Including CO2

by R. Gary Grim,  Dwarak Ravikumar, Eric C. D. Tan,  Zhe Huang, Jack R. Ferrell, III,  Michael Resch,  Zhenglong Li,b Chirag Mevawala, Steven D. Phillips, Lesley Snowden-Swan, Ling Tao  and Joshua A. Schaidle (Energy & Environmental Science/National Renewable Energy Laboratory/Pacific

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Alliance for Clean Trade: A Framework Proposal for a New Climate and Trade Alliance between the U.S., EU, and Allies

by Paul Beldsoe and Ed Gresser (Progressive Policy Institute) ... A low-emissions trade deal to help the United States, the European Union, and their allies harmonize approaches to the clean energy transition and incentivize China and other nations to reduce

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Feedstocks of the Future for a Circular U.S. Bioeconomy: A Summary from a Stakeholder Convening

(Foundation for Food & Agriculture Research) The Foundation for Food & Agriculture Research (FFAR) and Schmidt Futures partnered for a convening to identify strategic research opportunities to advance the circular bioeconomy—an economy that uses waste as inputs and is enabled by

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The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to Infinium

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Nearly 25% of global CO2 emissions are generated by planes, ships and trucking fleets. A new class of synthetic fuel, eFuels are ultra-low carbon fuels that can be dropped into existing engines that use jet

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Unlocking the Deployment of Advanced Bioethanol Refineries

by Melich Seefeldt (Praj Industries/Biofuels Digest)  Advanced bioethanol (also named 2G or cellulosic bioethanol from inedible biomass) and its co-products lignin, stillage, and biogenic CO2 are sustainable key tools to decarbonize the difficult-to-abate transport sector. In addition, they can be

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PCC H2 Granted Patent on Ethanol to H2 Conversion

(PCC Hydrogen/PR Newswire)  PCC Hydrogen (“PCC H2”) is pleased to announce the issuance of its patented hydrogen production technology (US Patent 11,649,549) for coupling an electrolyzer system with a catalytic adiabatic reactor to convert ethanol into hydrogen. By leveraging ethanol’s biogenic

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BETO Launches New Renewable Carbon Resources Web Page

by Lynn L. Bergeson and Carla N. Hutton (B&C Biobased and Sustainable Chemicals Blog) The U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) has launched a new, comprehensive web page dedicated to one of its priority subprograms, Renewable Carbon Resources (RCR), which

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Adkins Energy LLC and CapCO2 Solutions Inc Converting Ethanol Plant Waste CO2 to Green Methanol

(Adkins Energy) Adkins Energy and CapCO2 Solutions are building the first facility to convert ethanol plant waste CO2 to Green Methanol. This will add a significant new revenue source and a significant step forward in decarbonizing the ethanol industry. Green methanol

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OXCCU Raises $22 Million to Transform Carbon Dioxide into Sustainable Aviation Fuel

(OXCCU TECH LTD) Developed by Oxford University scientists, OXCCU converts captured carbon dioxide into sustainable aviation fuel to cost-effectively decarbonize air transport;  Led by Clean Energy Ventures, the Series A round is composed of new investors including United Airlines and

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Opinion: IMO Must Take the Bull by the Horns

(Tradewinds at Nor-Shipping) To supercharge the green shift, we need a clear zero-emissions target by 2050, a market-based levy on CO2 emissions and an improved set of efficiency measures, and as our industry’s global regulator the IMO is the body

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Transforming Plants into Allies in the Fight against Climate Change

(U.S. Department of Energy/Oak Ridge National Laboratory/EurekAlert!)  ... At the Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory, scientists are leading research to transform plants into key drivers of decarbonization, from creating biomass crops for new fuels to enhancing the ability

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BASF’s Gas Treatment Technology to Be Used by Linde and Heidelberg Materials’ Large-Scale CO2-Capture Plant

(BASF) Milestone paves the way for a more sustainable cement production; Third industrial-scale OASE® blue carbon capture facility globally  --  A CO2 capture process, jointly developed by Linde, Heidelberg Materials, and BASF, and based on BASF’s advanced OASE® blue technology, will be used

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E-fuels: Do They Work on the Numbers?

by Ashish Gupta, Muhammad Islam and Clint Johnson (S&B and Saber Equity/Biofuels Digest)  ... E-fuels, also known as synthetic fuels, are produced using renewable energy to power electrolysis of water into “green” hydrogen, which is then combined with carbon dioxide (CO2)

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I Love Electric Vehicles – and Was an Early Adopter. But Increasingly I Feel Duped

by Rowan Atkinson (The Guardian) ... Electric vehicles may be a bit soulless, but they’re wonderful mechanisms: fast, quiet and, until recently, very cheap to run. But increasingly, I feel a little duped. When you start to drill into the

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Available Now! BETO 2023 Project Peer Review Presentations

(U.S. Department of Energy)  The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) hosted the 2023 Project Peer Review on April 3-7, 2023, in Denver, CO.  During this in-person event, more than 280 projects in BETO’s research, development, and demonstration portfolios presented their progress

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Boeing Bets on Startup Equatic with Massive CO2 Removal, Hydrogen Deal

by Alan Ohnsman  (Forbes)  Boeing is partnering with Equatic, a Los Angeles-based startup that removes carbon from the ocean, in a first-of-its-kind deal to buy a massive amount of carbon credits and green hydrogen that’s likely worth at least $50

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First Experimental Confirmation that Some Microbes Are Powered by Electricity

(Leibniz-Institut für Naturstoff-Forschung und Infektionsbiologie - Hans-Knöll-Institut (Leibniz-HKI)/Phys.Org)  In microbial electrosynthesis, microorganisms use CO2 and electricity to produce alcohol, for example. How this process works biologically, however, has only been speculated about, until now. Researchers at the Leibniz Institute for Natural

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United States: TotalEnergies and TES Join Forces to Develop a Large-Scale e-NG Production Unit

(TotalEnergies) TotalEnergies is joining forces with Tree Energy Solutions (TES) to study and develop a large-scale production unit in the United States for e-natural gas (e-NG), a synthetic gas produced from renewable hydrogen and CO2. The project, which is expected to

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Feds: Carbon Dioxide Pipelines Are Necessary to Reduce Emissions

by Jared Strong (Iowa Capital Dispatch) Up to 60,000 miles of carbon dioxide pipeline must be installed in the United States to help eliminate the greenhouse gas emissions by 2050, according to a federal engineer. ... “Right now we’re kind of in

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The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide Axens Technologies

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Axens offers today the largest portfolio to do so; providing efficient, reliable and flexible technologies to convert biomass into high quality and low-carbon alternative products for the transportation sector as well as the chemical industry.. Axens

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Blue Hydrogen Market Size Worth $6.0 Billion by 2032

(The Brainy Insights/Globe Newswire) The rising environmental issues are driving the blue hydrogen market's growth. The increased usage of hydrogen in fuel cell vehicles is projected to drive the market demand soon.  --  The Brainy Insights estimates that the USD

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U.N. Slams Carbon Removal as Unproven and Risky

by Corbin Hiar (E&E News Climatewire)  A United Nations panel is casting doubt on the promise of using machines to remove vast amounts of carbon dioxide from the air and sea in order to fight climate change. The skepticism from the high-profile

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DOE Launches New Energy Earthshot to Decarbonize Transportation and Industrial Sectors

(U.S. Department of Energy) The Clean Fuels & Products ShotTM Will Reduce Emissions and Develop Cost-Effective Fuels and Products for Aviation, Marine, and Other Hard-to-Decarbonize Sector -- The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) today announced the launch of the Clean Fuels & Products

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The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to Mote, and the New Hydrogen

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Mote makes uniquely integrated gasification plants to produce hydrogen and CO2 from wood waste, in an environment of underway huge demand for fossil-free, cost-competitive hydrogen, rapid development of CCUS, the emergence of voluntary Carbon Markets,

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Biden-Harris Administration Invests $251 Million to Expand Infrastructure to Support CO2 Transport and Storage DEADLINE July 6, 2023

(U.S. Department of Energy)  President Biden’s Investing in America Agenda Supports Projects Across Seven States That Will Slash CO2 Emissions, Build High-Quality Jobs, and Deliver Cleaner Air -- As part of President Biden’s Investing in America agenda, the U.S. Department of Energy

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DOE Selects Four National Laboratory-led Teams to Accelerate Commercialization of Carbon Dioxide Removal Technologies with $15 Million in Funding

(U.S. Department of Energy) The Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Office of Technology Transitions (OTT), in partnership with the Offices of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management (FECM) and Clean Energy Demonstrations (OCED), today (May 17, 2023)  announced the selection of four projects at our National

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Eight European Countries Block Ambitious Euro 7 Emissions Plan

by Peter Holderith (The Drive) ... The extremely stringent Euro 7 emissions regulations could be blocked in the European Union after it was announced Monday that eight countries signed a letter objecting to the legislation's passage. These countries constitute a large

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Tipping the Scale on CO2 Levels: Fast-Tracking Bioeconomy Decarbonization

by Mauricio Villegas (Koch Modular Process Systems/Biofuels Digest) ... When we consider the decarbonization of industrial processes, various methods exist to achieve this goal, including substituting non-petroleum feedstocks, recycling petroleum-based feedstocks, and CO2 capture. Below, we will explore three approaches applied today

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Iowa Regulators Propose Using Mediators to Settle Summit Carbon Capture Pipeline Disputes

by Donnelle Eller (Des Moines Register)  Iowa regulators propose hiring mediators to settle easement disputes between an Ames company and landowners in the path of its nearly 800-mile carbon-capture pipeline who could be targeted for eminent domain. The Iowa Utilities Board floated

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Driving on Sunshine: Clean, Usable Liquid Fuels Made from Solar Power

(University of Cambridge)  Researchers have developed a solar-powered technology that converts carbon dioxide and water into liquid fuels that can be added directly to a car’s engine as drop-in fuel.   The researchers, from the University of Cambridge, harnessed the power of

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Infinium and Navigator CO2 Collaborate on eFuels Project in US Midwest

(Infinium/PR Newswire) Navigator to provide approximately 600k TPA of CO2 as a feedstock for ultra-low carbon Infinium eFuels  --  Electrofuels provider Infinium and comprehensive carbon management company Navigator CO2 ("Navigator") announced today that they have entered into a Memorandum of Understanding and

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DOE Awards $251 Million to 12 CO2 Infrastructure Projects

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) The U.S. Department of Energy on May 17 awarded $251 million to 12 projects that will support infrastructure development for carbon dioxide (CO2) transport and storage. One of those projects specifically targets CO2 sourced from

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Twelve and Etihad Airways Partner to Advance Sustainable Aviation Fuel Made from CO2 and Renewable Energy

(Twelve/Business Wire) The companies will work toward a demonstration flight and to provide E-Jet® fuel, Twelve's low carbon aviation fuel, to support Etihad’s sustainability strategy  -- Carbon transformation company Twelve and Etihad Airways, the national carrier of the United Arab Emirates,

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Aviation Climate Task Force Issues First Research Grant to Drive More Sustainable Aviation Fuel using Direct Air Capture Technology

(Aviation Climate Taskforce (ACT)/PR Newswire)   The Aviation Climate Taskforce announces today the funding of its first research grant to pioneer an innovative Direct Air Capture (DAC)-to-Jet approach—transforming conventional DAC to aviation-aligned reactive DAC by combining CO2 capture with CO2 conversion. The $400,000 grant to Susteon will be

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The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to LanzaTech

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) With proven technology at the nexus of two mandated markets, industrial and consumer — LanzaTech has been on fire in recent months. Here’s more on their commercial operating plants, plants scheduled to complete construction in

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US House Republicans Blast EPA Refusal to Appear at EV Hearing

by David Shepardson (Reuters)  The Republican majority on a U.S. House of Representatives panel criticized two Environmental Protection Agency officials who declined to appear at a hearing Wednesday on a proposal by President Joe Biden's administration's to cut vehicle emissions and

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ADNOC, LanzaTech Enter Strategic Partnership to Explore Biotechnology Solutions for Decarbonization of Fuels and Chemicals

(LanzaTech) LanzaTech Global, Inc. (Nasdaq: LNZA)—an innovative carbon capture and transformation (“CCT”) company that converts waste carbon into materials such as sustainable fuels, fabrics, packaging, and other products that people use in their daily lives—and ADNOC have entered a partnership to

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Vopak Opens New Infrastructure to Support Sustainable Energy Production in the Port of Rotterdam

(Voppak/Yahoo! Finance) Vopak celebrates the opening of 16 new tanks with a combined capacity of 64,000 cubic meters at its Vlaardingen terminal in the port of Rotterdam. The new tanks are designed to store waste-based feedstocks for the production of

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Honeywell Introduces UOP eFining™ Technology for New Class of Sustainable Aviation Fuel

(Honeywell UOP) Honeywell UOP eFiningTM can reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 88% compared to conventional jet fuel1  ; HIF Global to deploy Honeywell technology at its second U.S. eFuels facility with potential capacity to decarbonize over 12 billion air passenger

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Ineratec, Zenith Energy Terminals to Develop Commercial-Scale eFuels Plant in Port of Amsterdam

(Ineratec/Biobased Diesel Daily) Ineratec announced May 4 that it has signed a memorandum of understanding with Zenith Energy Terminals to build a power-to-liquid (PtL) plant in the Port of Amsterdam. The signing took place during a delegation trip to the Netherlands with

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Methanol Reactor Delivered in the Sailboat CO2 to Methanol Project

(Carbon Recycling International) CRI has successfully delivered the methanol reactor for its second commercial scale project in China. The ETL reactor is the core equipment needed for the the conversion of carbon dioxide and hydrogen gas streams - sourced from other

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Ferrari CEO Says E-Fuel Cars Do Not Compromise Carbon Goals

by Giulio Piovaccari (Reuters) Ferrari's plans to continue building internal combustion engine cars powered by so called e-fuels does not conflict with its target to become carbon neutral by 2030, its chief executive said on Tuesday. "The two (targets) are very much

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Twelve and Emerging Fuels Technology Sign Master License Agreement to Scale Sustainable Aviation Fuel Production

(Emerging Fuels Technology/PR Newswire)  Twelve and EFT are collaborating to scale production of Twelve’s E-Jet® fuel from CO2 to meet growing demand from the aviation industry -- Carbon transformation company Twelve and fuel technology partner Emerging Fuels Technology (EFT) announced today they have signed a Master

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What Is the Long-Term Demand for Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels and Feedstocks?

by Charles Forsberg (Applied Energy) Liquid hydrocarbons made from crude oil serve many functions: (1) a dense, easy-to-store, easy-to-transport energy source, (2) a method for daily-to-seasonal energy storage, (3) a chemical feedstock, (4) a chemical reducing agent and (5) a

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The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to Legislation and Regulations about SAF, the Topsoe Perspective

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Case 1, Is Jet Fuel Produced From Soybean Oil? Case 2, Is E-Jet Produced From Fossil CO2 And Green H2 SAF? These are just a couple of the topics tucked into this panoramic survey of

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Valero Reports Strong Q1 for Biofuel Segments

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) Valero Energy Corp.’s renewable diesel segment set a new sales volume record during the first quarter while its ethanol segment reported a profitable three-month period with higher production volumes. The company is also progressing with

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Groundbreaking for e-Fuel Production Plant in Frankfurt

(INERATEC) INERATEC sets standards for global deployment of power-to-liquid technology with pioneering plant -- INERATEC held the groundbreaking ceremony for its pioneering power-to-liquid (PtL) plant in the industrial park Frankfurt Höchst together with Hesse's Economics Minister Tarek Al-Wazir. Starting in

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HMM Works with SHI and PANASIA to Conduct Field Tests of Onboard Carbon Capture System

(Container News)  HMM plans to conduct field tests of an onboard carbon capture system (OCCS) for container ships along with SHI (Samsung Heavy Industries) and PANASIA in the second half of 2023. In particular, OCCS is an advanced technology to capture CO2

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Banning Gas-Powered Cars Won't Save the Environment | Opinion

by Jon Miltimore (Foundation for Economic Education) In March, Maryland Governor Wes Moore unveiled a plan to ban the sale of gas-powered vehicles. He called the move "a major step in the state's acceleration to improve air quality and combat the

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The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to Currently Used and Future Potential of Biomass Resources in the US

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) The Billion Ton 23 update is coming. BETO needs a comprehensive biomass resource assessment that is end-use agnostic — for example, MSW and microalgae numbers in BT16 do not represent current BETO Analysis. There is

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enzymes cellulose cellulosic biofuel Cellulosic biomass cellulosic diesel Cellulosic ethanol cellulosic ethanol price cellulosic feedstock cellulosic production tax credit cellulosic sugars Cellulosic Tax Credit cellulosic waiver credit cement Central African Republic Central America Certificate Program Certificates of Origin (COs) certification certification fuels cesium cetane Chad change in soil condition charging stations CHCJ-5 chemical-looping hydrogen method Chesapeake Bay chicken feathers chickens Chile Chili China chitin chp chromium chufa/cyperus esculents/nutsedge CIA circular economy citrus citrus greening disease Citrus Peel clean air Clean Air Act (CAA) clean diesel Clean Fuel Standard/Policy (CFS) Clean Heat Standards Clean Power Plan (CPP) Clean Trucks Plan Clean Water Act climate change Climate Change Adaptation climate change effects climate change mitigation climate legislation climate smart/conservation agriculture closed-loop system Clostridium thermocellum cloud point clover cmelina CNG Conversion kit co co-generation co-location Co-op Extension co-operative co-processing co-products CO2 Electrolysis CO2 neutral fuels CO2Removal Certificates (CORCs) coal Coal and Biomass to Liquid (CBTL) Coast Guard coastal habitat conservation coastal hay cobalt cock's foot coco coco methyl ester (CME) cocoa Coconut coffee coffee cherries coffee grounds coffee pulp cold flow cold-tolerance college/university Colombia Colorado combined heat and power (CHP) Comment Request commercial flights commercialization commissioning commo Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) commodity trading common reed Community activity community college Community involvement/engagement community scale Community Wood Energy Program competition compliance compliance credits compost Compressed Natural Gas (CNG/R-CNG/bioCNG) compression ratios compression-ignition engine computer simulation concrete condensate Congo Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Connecticut Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP) construction and demolition waste/debris consumer education contamination contest contrails conversion technology Cook Islands cook stoves cooking fuel cooperatives COP21 COP22 COP23 COP24 COP25 COP26 COP27 COP28 COP29 COP30 copper coppice cordgrass corn bran Corn cobs corn ethanol corn fiber corn growers corn harvest corn kernel corn meal corn oil corn oil/distillers corn oil (DCO) corn prices corn stalks corn stover corn supply corn surplus corn syrup corn-based products corn/maize Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards corporate social responsibility corrosion corruption CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) cosmetics Costa Rica cotton cotton seed hulls cotton seed oil cotton stalk cottonwood Council on Environmental Quality county cover crops cow rumen cracking Crambe crassulacean acid metabolism plants (CAM) crimes criteria pollutants Croatia crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude oil Cuba cup plant cuphea currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cusi cutworm caterpillars cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) cylindro Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs d-5 D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D20 (20%DME) D5 (5%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA date kernel oil date palm date palm pits date palm waste Dates DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act deficit definitions deforestation defossilization Dehydration Delaware DeltaWing demonstration demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify density Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security Department of Justice Department of Labor Department of the Interior Department of Transportation (DOT) depolymerization depots dextrose dfdsffsfdfsf diatoms diesel Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) diesel fuel blendstock diesel prices Diesel R5 diesel with renewables diesel-range hydrocarbons diesel-to-biodiesel conversion diethyl ether digital Digital Biology diisobutylene (DIB) dilute acid hydrolysis pretreatment DIN 51605 DIN EN 15376 (Ethanol blending component) direct air capture direct injection direct ocean capture Direct Sugar to Hydrocarbon Conversion (DSHC) direct-to-fuel directed evolution dispense distillates distillation distilled biodiesel distilled palm methyl ester (DPME) distilleries distributed/centralized distribution distribution capacity distribution waiver diversification divestment DME/rDME (dimethyl ether)/renewable DME DMF (2.5-dimethylfuran) Dominican Republic double cropping drawdown Drones/Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) drop-in biofuels/hydrocarbons drought drought tolerant drought-resistant dry ice dual cropping Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E100 E100 conversion kit E11 E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E2 E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E3 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E70 diesel E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency egg shell Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric Vehicle (EV) Prices electric grid electricity electricity price electricity/power generation electricity/power transmission electrocatalysis electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels (e-fuels) electrofuels (e-fuels) prices electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) electrons Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants embargo eminent domain emissions emissions standards EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 EN 228 EN 590 EN228 (standard pump gasoline) end user end-of-life Endangered Species Act (ESA) Energy Bill energy cane energy consumption energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy prices energy reserves Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine Development engine problems Engine/Fuel Co-optimization engineering England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment environmental impact study (EIS) environmental justice/socially inclusive environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Environmentalists Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic depolymerization enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling Enzyme solicitation enzymes EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) Equatorial Guinea equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) etha ethane ethanol ethanol benefits ethanol blend wall ethanol blended diesel ED ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol emissions ethanol ether diesel fuel ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol to gas ethanol tolerance ethanol-fueled aircraft Ethanol-to-Gasoline (ETG) ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/diesel ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethyl levulinate (EL) ethylbenzene ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order executive order--state Extended Range Electric Vehicle (EREV) externalities extremophiles f F Factor F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farmers farming farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation Feedstocks fermentation ferry fertilizer fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) Fischer-Tropsch/FT fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources Forest Service forestry forklifts Formate formic acid fossil carbon fossil fuel Frace fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud free fatty acids (FFA) Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon gallium Gambia games gas prices gas tax/highway user fee gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gasoline-range hydrocarbons Gemany General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Gerrmany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) Intensity giant cane giant kelp Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect Global South global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grain sorghum/milo grain speculators grains GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery green/black economy Greenland GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Guinea Bissau Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP gypsum h Haiti Halophytes harvest site processing harvesting Hawai'i hay hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ HDO-SAK (hydro deoxygenated synthetic aromatic kerosene) health health benefits health effects heat of combustion heat of vaporization heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) high octane low carbon (HOLC) fuel High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 HVO20 HVO30 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrid ships hybrids hydrocarbon fuels Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydroformylation hydrogen aircraft hydrogen carrier hydrogen combustion engines hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen leaks hydrogen pipeline hydrogen price hydrogen pumps/fueling stations hydrogen tax credit hydrogen terminal Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Price hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogenolysis hydropower Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal gasification hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois Illiois illuppai ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indian beech tree Indian grass Indiana indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial burners industrial ethanol industrial gases industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated biorefineries integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine (ICE) internal combustion engine (ICE)/gasoline engine ban International international balance of payments International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Sustainability and Carbon Certification model(ISCC) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit Invvesting ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron iron oxide IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isobutylene isomerisation isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica jamelão Japan jatobá Jatropha Jersey Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 jet B Jetfuel (Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs Joint Office of Energy and Transportation jojoba Jordan JP-10 JP-4 JP-5/NATO F-44 JP-8/NATO F-34 juniper Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kalanchoe kamani Kans grass Kansas Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati knotweed Knowledge Discovery Framework Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kulpa kusum Kuwait Kygryzstan labels labor policy Labrador lactic acid lactose Lake County lamp oil land ownership land prices land rights land subsidence land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy landfill methane Landfills landscape Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead Leadtree leaf ant Lebanon lecithin legislation Legislation-Federal Legislation-State lemna lend-lease Lesotho lesquerella leucaena levulinic acid Liberia Libya licensing lichens life cycle analysis (LCA) light rail lignin Lignin Ethanol Oil (LEO) Lignocellulosic Biofuel lignocellulosic sugars lime Lipid liquefaction liquid liquid petroleum gas (LPG) liquid transportation fuels liquidation Liquified Biogas (LBG) Liquified Biogas (LBG) pumps liquified biomethane (LBM) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logistics long-term contracts Louis Louisiana low c low carbon emissions low carbon octane standard (LCOS) Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel low sulfur fuel low sulfur marine fuel lubricants lumber mill Luxembourg lysis M100 M15 M3 M50 ma macadamia macauba Macedonia machine learning machinery macororo Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona management changes mandates mangaba manganese mango mangrove Manitoba mannose manure maple maps marginal land marine algae Marine Corps Marine Diesel Oil (MDO) Marine Fuel Oil Marine Gas Oil (MGO) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) price Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel Terminal Marine/maritime renewable fuel terminal/bunkering market forces market share marketing markets/sales Mars Marshall Islands Maryland Masdar Institute mass balance standard Massachusetts Master Limited Partnership (MLP) Mauritania Mauritius Mazda meat mechanics training medical waste MEEC membranes mergers and acquisitions mesquite methanation methane leaks methane/biomethane methanization methanol benefits methanol fuel cells methanol price Methanol-to-Jet (MTJ-SPK) Methanol/Biomethanol/Renewable Methanol methylbutenol Mexico Michelin GreenX Challenge Michigan micro-crop microalgae microbial electrosynthesis microbiology microorganisms/microbes microwave Mid-Atlantic Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military reserves military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels milk permeate millennium fruit millet millettia pinnata milo stover mineralization minerals mining Minn Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold molinia molybdenum MON (Motor Octane Number) Monaco Mongolia mongongo monitoring/measuring reporting verifiction (MRV) Montana Montenegro moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles motors MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES2014 MOVES3 (MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator model) Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed mvr Myanmar n-butanol n-butene nahar Namibia nano nano particles nanocatalysts 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Nevada New Brunswick new fuel approval New Guinea New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New South Wales New York New Zealand Newfoundland Newfoundland and Labrador next generation biofuels next generation vehicles NHRA drag racing Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrogen starvation nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota North Korea Northeast northern catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory Northwest Territories Norwary Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds nuclear Nunavut nut shells nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition oak oat hulls oat straw oats Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) Office of Science Technology and Policy (OSTP) Offices of Inspector Generals offtake agreements Ohio oil oil embargo oil exploration oil monopoly oil p oil price parity oil prices oil production oil refineries oil replacement oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil speculators oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes oil/gas terminals Oils Oklahoma olefins oligomerization olive cake olive oil olive pits olive pomace olive water olives Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm ammonia production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing on-site hydrogen production one p one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontaio Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) open fuel standard open pond opportunity zones optimized flex fuel vehicles orange peel orchard grass orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) osage orange OSHA Overseas Private Investment Corporation overview overview/survey course owa oxygen oxygenate ozone Pakistan Palau palm palm biomass palm fatty acid distillate palm fiber palm fronds palm kernel palm kernel oil palm kernel shell palm oil Palm Oil Methyl Ester (PME) palm oil mill effluent (POME) palm oil prices palm trunk sap palm waste Paludiculture/peatland cultivation Panama pandas panic grass papaya paper Papua Indonesia Papua New Guinea paraffins Paraguay Paris Agreement parity partial waiver particulates pasture land Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) patents pathways Paulownia paulownia tree payments peach shell peaches peak oil peak oil demand peanuts/groundnuts peas pectin peela kaner pellet pellets Pennsylvania pennycress/stinkweed pentane pentanol pentose pequi perennial grains perennial grasses Performance permitting Peru pest-tolerance pesticide-tolerance pests pet food petition petroleum pharmaceuticals phase separation Philippines phosphorus photobioreactor photoelectrocatalysis 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RNG tax credit roadmap rocket fuel Romania RON (Research Octane Number) rosin rotation crops Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials (RSB) royalties RP-1 RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber rubber seeds rumen ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Rural Renewable Energy Pilot Program rushes Russia Russian olive rutabaga Rwanda ry rye Rye grass rye straw s saccharification SAF pipeline SAF10 SAF30 SAF40 SAFc (Sustainable Aviation Fuel certificates) Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower sago pond weed SAIC sal tree Salicornia salt water salt-tolerant saltbush saltcedar Samoa Sanctions Santa Monica sardine oil Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Advisory Board (SAB) Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) Science Policy scooters Scotland scum sea level rise seaports seashore mallow seawater seaweed cultivation Seaweed/Macroalgae 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