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Ag Groups Ask Congress to Address GHG Emissions from Annual Crops

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) The Biogenic CO2 Coalition sent a letter to Capitol Hill on May 11 asking lawmakers to direct the U.S. EPA to promptly publish a rule

May 12, 2020 Read Full Article

European Bioeconomy Alliance Position on the EU Green Deal

(The European Bioeconomy Alliance (EUBA)/Biofuels Digest) The ambitious European Commission strategy to drastically reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the EU and achieve climate neutrality by 2050 has recently been set in

May 12, 2020 Read Full Article

How Much Clean Air Could $100 Million Buy?

by Todd Campbell (California Natural Gas Vehicle Partnership/Advanced Clean Tech News)  … (L)et’s look at what a hypothetical $100 million government investment could achieve when using one of California’s most

May 8, 2020 Read Full Article

Jet Fuel, Isooctane Gasoline, Ethanol and Isobutanol: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to Gevo’s Low Carbon Drop-In Transportation Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Gevo’s business strategy is to secure off take agreements for jet fuel and isooctane striking a price that gives attractive returns for project financing for

May 8, 2020 Read Full Article

Don’t Look to Mature Forests to Soak Up Carbon Dioxide Emissions: Results of Australian Study May Have Impact on New York State Carbon Neutrality Goals

(Suny College of Environmental Science and Forestry) Research published today in Nature suggests mature forests are limited in their ability to absorb “extra” carbon as atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations increase. These

April 23, 2020 Read Full Article

Researchers Model Spatial and Temporal Consequences of Increased Woody Biomass Use on the Global Forest Ecosystem

(University of Maine) Incentivizing both sequestration and avoidance of emissions— using a carbon rental or carbon tax and subsidy approach — versus only a carbon tax encourages protection of natural forests

April 17, 2020 Read Full Article

Aerospace Company Boom Supersonic to Use Sustainable Aviation Fuels in Test Programme

(Biofuels International)  The company building the world’s fastest supersonic airliner, Boom Supersonic, has announced that is XB-1 test programme will be carbon neutral through the use of sustainable aviation fuels

February 27, 2020 Read Full Article

LLNL Report Lays out Technology Pathways for California to Become Carbon-Neutral and Then -Negative by 2045; 3 Pillars of Negative Emissions

(Green Car Congress) Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) scientists have identified a suite of technologies to help California to become carbon-neutral—and ultimately carbon-negative —by 2045. To achieve the goal of carbon-neutrality, California will

February 3, 2020 Read Full Article

What’s Looming in 2020?

by Kelsey Tamborrino (Politico’s Morning Energy)  …  Another looming fight: EPA’s proposals to weaken rules on greenhouse gas emissions from cars. The Trump administration has revoked California’s waiver authority, but

January 6, 2020 Read Full Article

Cellulosic Biofuel Technology: The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to Mercurius Biorefining

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Reaching high is something Mercurius is familiar with, esp. with their REACH technology. Standing for renewable, acid-hydrolysis, condensation, hydrotreating, their REACH technology works at low temperature,

January 2, 2020 Read Full Article

RNG Opportunities and Takeaways: The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to Renewable Natural Gas

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  What are the current opportunities in renewable natural gas? Mike McCurdy, Managing Director at ICF set out to answer that question at ABLC NEXT in

December 26, 2019 Read Full Article

Finnair Participates in a Feasibility Study on Power-to-X Pilot to Advance the Development of Carbon Neutral Synthetic Fuels

(Finnair) Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology LUT in Finland and a group of companies, including Finnair, have started a feasibility study for a synthetic fuels pilot production plant. The intended industrial scale

December 23, 2019 Read Full Article

When Negative Is Good – Carbon Negative: The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to Gevo’s Biojet Fuel

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Noone wants to be negative…unless they are talking about carbon negative of course. The aviation industry has been all abuzz about lowering their carbon footprints for

December 14, 2019 Read Full Article

Biofuels Production and Consumption in Denmark: Status, Advances and Challenges

by Sune Tjalfe Thomsen and Henning Jørgensen (IEA Bioenergy Task 39 Newsletter)  1. Status of transportation biofuel industry in Denmark In Denmark, a considerable part of the total energy demand is

December 6, 2019 Read Full Article

From Waste Woody Biomass to Carbon Negative Transportation Fuels via CCUS

by Philipp Stratmann (Velocys/Biofuels Digest) At this year’s ABLC Next Conference in San Francisco Velocys presented on the opportunity to produce negative emission fuels at our planned Bayou Fuels facility in

December 3, 2019 Read Full Article

Cemvita Factory Rockin’ It: The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to Cemvita’s CO2 Utilization

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Earlier this week we talked about making protein and meat out of air, so taking CO2 and utilizing it seems right in line. C+C Music Factory’s

November 29, 2019 Read Full Article

BECCS to the Future: The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to ARPA’s Methane Fuel

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) If you missed ABLC NEXT in San Francisco, let’s go back to the future and look at BECCS – Bio-Energy with Carbon Capture and Storage –

November 29, 2019 Read Full Article

Formula 1 Announces Plan to Be Net Zero Carbon by 2030

(Formula 1)  … Being at the forefront of automotive innovation gives Formula 1 a global platform to accelerate progress and develop technologies that reduce and eliminate carbon emissions from the current

November 13, 2019 Read Full Article

Heard on the Floor at ABLC Next

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) USDA releases Report on the Bioeconomy:  The USDA released its Report on the Bioeconomy Imiplementation Framework. The Bioeconomy Initiative: Implementation Framework will serve as a guiding document

November 1, 2019 Read Full Article

Catch & Kill: The Velocys, Oxy, Cemvita, Carbon Engineering, BHP, Ginkgo Chase to Catch Waste, Kill Emissions, Armed with New Organisms to Liberate Value

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Mississippi, Velocys’ Bayou Fuels project has signed with Oxy Low Carbon Ventures to capture carbon dioxide from Velocys’ planned Bayou Fuels biomass-to-fuels project in

October 11, 2019 Read Full Article

French Study Says Biogas Is the Best Vehicle Fuel to Improve Air Quality

(EBA/NGV Journal) The decarbonization of transport is a major concern to limit the environmental and climate impact of the sector. The European Environmental Agency (EEA) has warned against the increase of

October 2, 2019 Read Full Article

Governors Ask EPA to Clarify Biogenic CO2 Not Regulated under CCA

by Erin Voegele (Biomass Magazine) Governors representing Iowa, Indiana, Kentucky, Nebraska and North Dakota recently sent a letter to U.S. EPA Administrator Andrew Wheeler urging the agency to clarify biogenic CO2

August 21, 2019 Read Full Article

Solar Energy Becomes Biofuel without Solar Cells

(Uppsala University/Science Codex)  Soon we will be able to replace fossil fuels with a carbon-neutral product created from solar energy, carbon dioxide and water. Researchers at Uppsala University have successfully produced

August 1, 2019 Read Full Article

Biofuels and Carbon Offsets Power Delta’s First Carbon-Neutral Flights

(Delta)  Delta to take 20 carbon-neutral new aircraft deliveries from the Airbus final assembly line in Mobile, Ala.; Using biofuels and carbon offsets in coordination with Air BP, this move is Delta’s latest

July 16, 2019 Read Full Article

Carbon-Negative Fuels Come Clearer, Closer with Oberon’s Leap to Demo Scale

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  From California comes news that Oberon Fuels has been officially awarded a grant for $2,876,139 from the California Energy Commission (CEC) for a first-of-its-kind, multi-phase project

July 16, 2019 Read Full Article

Maersk to Offer Customers Carbon-Neutral Transport

(Maersk)  A new carbon neutral product – the first of its kind in the industry – is being piloted with select Maersk customers who are highly engaged in sustainable solutions for

June 21, 2019 Read Full Article

Biofuel Offers a Solution to the World’s Renewable Energy Crisis

by Barclay Ballard (The New Economy)  Solar cells and wind farms are commonly referenced in the fight against climate change, but there is another, often overlooked, form of energy production that is

May 21, 2019 Read Full Article

Earth Day 2019 – A Look at Carbon Negative and Carbon Capture Technologies, Advancements, and Possibilities

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest)  … What was a nationwide celebration and peaceful demonstrations for environmental reform in the U.S. by some estimated 20 million Americans, Earth Day events have now expanded

April 23, 2019 Read Full Article

NATA and Industry Aviation Coalition Support Extension of Biodiesel Tax Incentive

(National Air Transportation Association /Aviation Pros)  The letters were jointly issued by the Air Line Pilots Association, Airlines for America, the Cargo Airline Association, the General Aviation Manufacturers Association, the NATA,

April 17, 2019 Read Full Article

EPA to Propose Rule on Biomass Carbon Neutrality This Summer

by Erin Voegele (Biomass Magazine)  U.S. EPA Administrator Andrew Wheeler recently informed federal lawmakers that the agency is working on a rulemaking that will define biomass as carbon neutral. A proposed

April 17, 2019 Read Full Article

Danish Firm Claims First Biofuel Commercial Sea Voyage

by Tom Burridge (BBC News)  As things stand, the vast majority of ocean-going vessels that transport goods across the globe run on what is known as “heavy fuel oil”.  It is thick,

December 2, 2018 Read Full Article

2018 Midterm Elections—Implications for the Bioeconomy

by Jesse Stolark (Environmental and Energy Study Institute)  And while the bioeconomy – biofuels, biobased products, chemicals, and more – enjoy bipartisan support, the new political landscape means that the

November 10, 2018 Read Full Article

Biofuel from a Container

(Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft/TechExplore)  … Even then, gasoline would still be required to power combustion engines, which will be operating for decades to come. The only sustainable way to keep us mobile is to

November 7, 2018 Read Full Article

EPA Acting Administrator Wheeler, USDA Secretary Perdue, and DOE Secretary Perry Send Letter to Congress on Biomass Carbon Neutrality — Managed Forests Can Bolster Domestic Energy Production

(U.S. Environmental Protection Agency)  Today, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Acting Administrator Andrew Wheeler, along with U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Secretary Sonny Perdue and U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Secretary

November 2, 2018 Read Full Article

Climate Researchers: More Green Space, Less Biofuel

(Iran Daily)  … According to UPI, John M. DeCicco, a research professor at the University of Michigan Energy Institute, and William H. Schlesinger, president emeritus of the Cary Institute of Ecosystem

October 1, 2018 Read Full Article

EPA’s SAB to Address Biogenic CO2 Framework at Sept. 26 Meeting

by Erin Voegele (Biomass Magazine)  The U.S. EPA has announced its Chartered Science Advisory Board will hold a teleconference Sept. 26 to address several issues, including a new draft SAB review

September 18, 2018 Read Full Article

One Day at the World’s Leading Biomass Technology Conference, EUBCE 2018

by Steve Bi* (Advanced Biofuels USA)  Renaissance-era facades capped with green copper patina and orange clay shingles harmonize seamlessly with imaginative, hallmark-of-Scandinavia, hyper-modern structures in downtown Copenhagen. The city provided the

July 17, 2018 Read Full Article

EPA Announces Biomass from Managed Forests Will Be Considered Carbon Neutral

by Meghan Sapp (Biofuels Digest)  In Georgia, in a meeting with members of the forestry community, the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency announced the Agency issued a statement of policy making clear,

April 24, 2018 Read Full Article

Is Energy from Woody Biomass Positive for the Climate?

(International Energy Agency)  IEA Bioenergy has produced a brief on the question ‘Is energy from woody biomass positive for the climate?’ The brief provides background and a number of concise arguments

February 27, 2018 Read Full Article

Pruitt Commits to Creating Regulatory Certainty for Biomass

by Erin Voegele (Biomass Magazine)  On Feb. 13, U.S. EPA Administrator Scott Pruitt met with members of the  forest products industry and New Hampshire Gov. Chris Sununu to discuss a range

February 14, 2018 Read Full Article

EPA Posts Materials for SAB Review of Biogenic CO2 Framework

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  The U.S. EPA has posted new materials related to a quality review scheduled to be conducted by the Scientific Advisory Board on the agency’s

August 25, 2017 Read Full Article

EPA SAB to Review Biogenic Carbon Framework at August Meeting

(Biomass Magazine)  The U.S. EPA has announced the Scientific Advisory Board will conduct a quality review of the agency’s draft framework for assessing biogenic carbon dioxide emissions from stationary sources

August 2, 2017 Read Full Article

BPA: Study Demonstrates Emissions Benefits of Forest Residue Use

by Erin Voegele (Biomass Magazine)  The Biomass Power Association has released the results of a study demonstrating dramatic carbon benefits can be achieved by using forest residue-based biomass instead of

May 10, 2017 Read Full Article

Addressing Biomass Energy ‘Alternative Facts’

by William Strauss (FutureMetrics/Biomass Magazine)  …  The recently released paper by the Chatham House is a study that contains many inaccurate statements about the use of wood for energy. Those statements

April 5, 2017 Read Full Article

EPA Denies Petition Filed by Biogenic CO2 Coalition

by Erin Voegele (Biomass Magazine)  The U.S. EPA has denied a petition for reconsideration of its finding that greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from aircraft cause or contribute to air pollution

January 6, 2017 Read Full Article

Air BP Achieves Carbon Neutral Status across 250 Airport Operations

(British Petroleum)  Air BP has become the first aviation fuel supplier to achieve carbon neutrality for its into-plane fuelling services across an international network of over 250 Air BP operated

November 2, 2016 Read Full Article

Biofuels Are a Climate Mistake

(Science 2.0)  Ever since the 1973 oil embargo, U.S. energy policy has sought to replace petroleum-based transportation fuels with alternatives. One prominent option is using biofuels, such as ethanol in

October 24, 2016 Read Full Article

Biogenic CO2 Coalition Launches Grassroots Outreach: Urges EPA to Remove its Regulatory Roadblock to Development of the Bioeconomy

(Biogenic CO2 Coalition)  Today (October 6, 2016), a coalition of major agricultural groups launched a grassroots campaign to urge the Environmental Protection Agency to remove its regulatory roadblock to development

October 12, 2016 Read Full Article

BioFuelNet Responds To Study Claiming “ Biofuels Are Worse Than Gasoline”

by Marie-Joe Costantine (BioFuelNet)  Study stating “ biofuels are worse than gasoline” is fundamentally flawed  —  … In the study, when (John) DeCicco and colleagues calculate the CO2 emissions going into the

September 8, 2016 Read Full Article

Biofuels Are Worse than Gasoline? Creative Accounting Leads to Claim

by Robert C. Brown (Des Moines Register)  … The genesis of the latest headlines is frustration among certain biofuels critics that life-cycle analysis no longer supports their criticism of biofuels.

August 31, 2016 Read Full Article

Weird Science: How to Turn Carbon Dioxide Into Renewable Biofuel

by David Dittman (Wall Street Daily) … ClimateWire recently reported that scientists have engineered a bacterium that can turn carbon dioxide (CO2) into fuel in a single, enzyme-catalyzed metabolic step. Summarizing

August 30, 2016 Read Full Article

The Case Against Ethanol Opponents: They Are Simply Incorrect +VIDEO

by  Marc J. Rauch (The Auto Channel) … I can’t say for sure, since I haven’t done a count and compared it to a calendar, but it seems to me that

August 30, 2016 Read Full Article

Do Biofuels Harm the Planet More than Gasoline?

Rowena Lindsay (Christian Science Monitor)  A new study suggests that biofuels can mitigate only 37 percent of the CO2 released by burning the biofuel. —  That’s a flawed premise, argues

August 30, 2016 Read Full Article

MichBio Responds to Flawed University of Michigan Research Study on Biofuels and Greenhouse Gas Emissions

(MichBio/BusinessWire)  MichBio, the biosciences industry association in Michigan, issued the following statement today regarding the release of a University of Michigan research study that claims the rising use of biofuels

August 26, 2016 Read Full Article

CEQ Guidance Addresses Biogenic Emissions from Land Management

by Erin Voegele (Biomass Magazine)  The Council on Environmental Quality, a division of the Executive Office of the President, has issued final guidance on considering greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and

August 16, 2016 Read Full Article

[Exclusive] Bioenergy Industry Consultant Critiques Scientists’ Letter to Congress

by Josh Schlossberg (The Biomass Monitor)  A white paper by a bioenergy industry consulting firm critiques a recent letter sent to Congress by 65 U.S. scientists opposing a carbon neutral “biomass”

August 1, 2016 Read Full Article

A Simple Regulatory Solution for Biogenic Emissions

by Bob Cleaves (Biomass Magazine/Biomass Power Association) …  Also at the top of the list is how the plan will eventually treat biomass.  For us, there is a very simple solution:

July 8, 2016 Read Full Article

The Huge Flaw in How Congress Is Approaching Burning Wood for Energy

by Chelsea Harvey (The Washington Post)  … The controversy centers on a specific provision in theHouse appropriations bill for fiscal year 2017 regarding the burning of biomass (typically wood and other plant material)

June 16, 2016 Read Full Article

Don’t Conflate Science and Scientists

by Brent Erickson (Biotechnology Innovation Organization/The Washington Post) Letter to Editor: Regarding the April 29 editorial “Burning wood is not the answer to climate change”: Biomass is a renewable energy resource.

May 4, 2016 Read Full Article

FutureMetrics Publishes Paper on Woody Biomass for Energy

FutureMetrics has a new whitepaper. A recent Washington Post editorial about using wood for energy was poorly informed. It was based on a letter sent to Congress by 65 “experts”.

May 3, 2016 Read Full Article

Biomass Provision in Bipartisan Energy Bill Touches Environmental Flash Point

(Environmental and Energy Study Institute)  …  In the sweeping measure that was overall non-controversial, one provision in particular has some

April 29, 2016 Read Full Article

Congress Tells EPA Biomass Is Carbon Neutral. Now What?

by Brittany Patterson (E&E/Climatewire)  Two amendments tucked inside the bipartisan energy bill that passed the Senate yesterday are elevating the question

April 22, 2016 Read Full Article

EPA: Chartered SAB to Review Biogenic Framework

by Erin Voegele (Biomass Magazine)  The U.S. EPA has scheduled a public meeting of the chartered Science Advisory Board March

March 4, 2016 Read Full Article

Letter Urges Recognition of the Carbon Neutrality of Bioenergy

by Erin Voegele (Biomass Magazine)  On July 31, 154 members of the U.S. House of Representatives issued a letter to

August 18, 2015 Read Full Article

Role of Biomass Not Yet Finalized in EPA’s Clean Power Plan – But Signs Are Promising

(Environmental and Energy Study Institute)  … The Framework for Assessing Biogenic CO2 Emissions from Stationary Sources, which will codify how power

August 10, 2015 Read Full Article

EPA Releases Clean Power Plan, Uncertainty for Biomass Remains

by Anna Simet (Biomass Magazine)  The U.S. EPA has released the final Clean Power Plan rules, which contain some key

August 4, 2015 Read Full Article

Oregon Declares Biomass Carbon Neutral

by Anna Simet (Biomass Magazine)  After a House vote of 44-9, Oregon Gov. Kate Brown has signed a bill that

July 7, 2015 Read Full Article

OMB Weighs in on Biomass Language Included in Appropriations Bill

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  The White House Office of Management and Budget has published a statement of administration

July 6, 2015 Read Full Article

Nearly Half of Senate Writes Urging for Streamlined Support for Forest Bioenergy

by Megan Sapp (Biofuels Digest) In Washington, nearly half of the US Senate has written to the Secretary of Agriculture, the

July 2, 2015 Read Full Article

Oregon Declares Biomass Carbon Neutral

by Anna Simet (Biomass Magazine)  After a House vote of 44-9, Oregon Gov. Kate Brown has signed a bill that

June 30, 2015 Read Full Article

How Europe’s Climate Policies Led to More U.S. Trees Being Cut Down

by Joby Warrick (The Washington Post)  … Soaring demand for this woody fuel has led to the construction of more than

June 2, 2015 Read Full Article

Industry Provides Input to SAB Biogenic Carbon Emissions Panel

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  In late March, the U.S. EPA’s Science Advisory Board Biogenic Carbon Emissions Panel held

April 6, 2015 Read Full Article

Biomass Industry Triumphs in EPA's Biogenic Emissions Framework

by Anne Simet (Biomass Magazine) The U.S. EPA has never before made such a clear and emphatic endorsement of biomass,

November 21, 2014 Read Full Article

EPA Releases Updated Biogenic Emissions Framework

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  On Nov. 19, the U.S. EPA released a revised framework for assessing biogenic carbon

November 20, 2014 Read Full Article

A Carbon Accounting System for the Future

(25 x ’25)  Making sure the federal accounting system for biogenic carbon emissions—ensuring that it is an accurate system, and

August 15, 2014 Read Full Article

Take a Closer Look: Biofuels Can Support Environmental, Economic and Social Goals

by Bruce E. Dale,  James E. Anderson, Robert C. Brown, Steven Csonka⊥ Virginia H. Dale, Gary Herwick, Randall D. Jackson,  Nicholas Jordan,

July 1, 2014 Read Full Article

Accounting for Bioenergy Emissions, Benefits Must be Done Right

(25 x ’25)  With the White House shining a very bright spotlight on its plans for addressing climate change –

June 13, 2014 Read Full Article

Top 10 Biofuels Predictions for 2012

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  …10. Advanced biofuels capacity surges to 1 billion gallons, globally. We see 570 million gallons

January 2, 2012 Read Full Article

Large Differences in the Climate Impact of Biofuels

(PhysOrg.com)  When biomass is combusted the carbon that once was bound in the growing tree is released into the atmosphere.

November 17, 2011 Read Full Article

Sustainability and the Environment I: Bioenergy & Climate: the Long, Medium, and Short of It

by Nathanael Greene (Natural Resources Defense Council Representative)   Greene begins by making the point that “long-term environmental imperatives” need to be

March 16, 2011 Read Full Article

The Impact Of A Renewable Electricity Standard & A Carbon Payment Program

By Don Hofstrand (Iowa State University Extension/JoplinStockyards.com)   U.S. energy policy has recently moved into the background due to concerns about

December 30, 2010 Read Full Article

State Aid: Commission Approves Aid for Waste CO2 Pipeline in The Netherlands

(Europa)  The European Commission has authorised, under EU state aid rules, a €5 million investment aid for a pipeline infrastructure to

December 17, 2010 Read Full Article

One Potato, Two Potato: the Counting of Biomass Emissions

by Jim Lane (Biomass Digest)  Following the all-but-certain defeat of a renewal of the ethanol tax credit, left-wing environmental activists, confederated

July 30, 2010 Read Full Article

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carbon-efficient fuels carbon capture and storage (CCS) carbon capture and utilization (CCU) carbon cost carbon credit carbon credit markets carbon cycle carbon debt Carbon Dioxide (CO2) carbon efficiency carbon emissions carbon fiber Carbon Intensity (CI) carbon life cycle carbon markets Carbon Monoxide (CO) carbon negative carbon neutrality carbon offsets carbon price carbon recycling carbon sequestration carbon sink carbon tax carbon tax-and-dividend carbon user fee Carbon Utilization and Biogas Education Program carcinogens cardoon Caribbean carinata/brassica carinata carob cashew cashew apple CASI CAS Registry Cassava cassava price cassava pulp cassava stalk castor bean castor stalk catalysis catalysts catalytic decarboxylation catalytic hydrothermal conversion-to-jet (CHCJ) catalytic hydrothermal gasification catalytic hydrothermolysis jet CHJ pathway cattle cavitation cell culturing cellulase enzymes cellulose cellulosic biofuel Cellulosic biomass cellulosic diesel Cellulosic ethanol cellulosic ethanol price cellulosic feedstock cellulosic production tax credit cellulosic sugars Cellulosic Tax Credit cellulosic waiver credit cement Central African Republic Central America Certificate Program certification certification fuels cesium cetane Chad change in soil condition charging stations CHCJ-5 Chesapeake Bay chicken feathers chickens Chile China chitin chufa/cyperus esculents/nutsedge CIA circular economy citrus citrus greening disease Citrus Peel clean air Clean Air Act (CAA) clean diesel Clean Power Plan (CPP) Clean Water Act climate change Climate Change Adaptation climate change effects climate change mitigation climate legislation climate smart agriculture closed-loop system Clostridium thermocellum cloud point clover CNG Conversion kit co co-generation co-location co-operative Co-op Extension co-processing co-products CO2 Sequestration coal Coal and Biomass to Liquid (CBTL) coastal habitat conservation coastal hay Coast Guard cobalt cock's foot cocoa Coconut coffee coffee cherries coffee grounds coffee pulp cold-tolerance cold flow college/university Colombia Colorado combined heat and power (CHP) Comment Request commercial flights commercialization commissioning Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) commodity trading common reed Community activity community college Community involvement community scale Community Wood Energy Program competition compliance compliance credits compost Compressed Natural Gas (CNG / R-CNG) compression-ignition engine compression ratios computer simulation concrete condensate Congo Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Connecticut Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) construction and demolition waste/debris consumer education contamination contest contrails conversion technology cooking fuel cook stoves cooperatives COP21 COP22 COP23 COP24 COP25 copper coppice cordgrass corn-based products corn/maize corn bran Corn cobs corn ethanol corn fiber corn growers corn harvest corn kernel corn meal corn oil corn oil/distillers corn oil (DCO) corn prices corn stalks corn stover corn supply corn surplus corn syrup Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards corporate social responsibility corrosion corruption CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) cosmetics Costa Rica cotton cotton seed hulls cotton seed oil cotton stalk cottonwood Council on Environmental Quality cover crops cow rumen cracking Crambe crimes Croatia crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude oil Cuba cup plant currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cutworm caterpillars cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) cylindro Cyprus Czech Republic D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D5 (5%DME) D20 (20%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA date palm date palm pits Dates DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act deficit definitions deforestation defossilization Delaware DeltaWing demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify density Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security Department of Justice Department of Labor Department of the Interior Department of Transportation (DOT) depolymerization depots dextrose diatoms diesel diesel-range hydrocarbons diesel-to-biodiesel conversion Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) diesel fuel blendstock diesel prices diethyl ether digital Digital Biology dilute acid hydrolysis pretreatment DIN 51605 DIN EN 15376 (Ethanol blending component) direct-to-fuel direct air capture directed evolution direct injection Direct Sugar to Hydrocarbon Conversion (DSHC) dispense distillation distilled biodiesel distilleries distributed/centralized distribution distribution capacity distribution waiver diversification divestment DME/rDME (dimethyl ether)/renewable DME Dominican Republic double cropping Drones/Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) drop-in biofuels/hydrocarbons drought drought-resistant drought tolerant dual cropping Dubai duckweed e-diesel e-LNG e-methanol E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E2 E3 E5 E5 price E6 E7 E8 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E40 E50 E55 E78 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 E100 E100 conversion kit earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED95 educatio education educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency Egypt Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric grid electricity electricity/power generation electricity price electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants El Salvador embargo emissions emissions standards EN 228 EN 590 EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 end-of-life Endangered Species Act (ESA) end user Energy Bill energy cane energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy reserves Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine/Fuel Co-optimization Engine Development engineering engine problems England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment Environmentalists environmental justice environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling enzymes Enzyme solicitation EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) esterification Estonia ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) ethane ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol benefits ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol blend wall ethanol emissions ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol tolerance Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) externalities extremophiles f F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farmers farming farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices Feedstocks feedstock storage feedstock transportation fermentation ferry fertilizer F Factor fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch/FT Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose flameleaf sumac flavors flax Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) Flightpath flight tests flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources forestry Forest Service fossil carbon fossil fuel fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) free fatty acids (FFA) French fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel additives fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon Gambia gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline-range hydrocarbons gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gas prices gas tax/highway user fee General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Ghana ghg GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) giant cane Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government subsidies grains grain sorghum/milo grain speculators GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green/black economy green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery GREET model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala guayule Guinea Gulf states Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP h Haiti Halophytes harvesting harvest site processing Hawaii hazardous waste HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ health health benefits health effects heat-tolerance heating oil/fuel heat of combustion heat of vaporization Heavy Duty Truck Rule hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) HFS-SIP hibiscus High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Honge tree nuts Hong Kong hops horse bedding horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 Hybrid aircraft hybrids hydrocarbon fuels hydrofaction Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogen fuel cells hydrogenolysis hydrogen pumps hydropower hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois illuppai ILUC (Indirect Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indiana Indian beech tree Indian grass indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial ethanol industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insects insurance integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map internal combustion engine International international balance of payments International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isooctane isooctene Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica jamelão Japan jatobá Jatropha Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 Jetfuel (Sustainable Alternative Jetfuel (SAJF)/Renewable Jetfuel (RJF) Jimmy Carter Jobs jojoba Jordan JP-4 JP-5 JP-8 JP-10 juniper jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kamani Kansas Kans grass Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati Knowledge Discovery Framework Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kulpa Kuwait Kygryzstan labels Labrador lactose Lake County lamp oil landfill methane Landfills land ownership land prices land rights landscape land subsidence land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead Leadtree leaf ant Lebanon legislation Legislation-Federal Legislation-State lemna lend-lease Lesotho lesquerella leucaena Liberia Libya licensing lichens life cycle analysis (LCA) lignin Lignin Ethanol Oil (LEO) Lignocellulosic Biofuel lignocellulosic sugars Lipid liquefaction liquid liquidation liquid petroleum gas (LPG) liquid transportation fuels Liquified Biogas (LBG) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logistics long-term contracts Louisiana low carbon emissions low carbon octane standard (LCOS) Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel low sulfur fuel low sulfur marine fuel lubricants lumber mill Luxembourg lysis M3 M15 M50 M100 ma macadamia macauba Macedonia Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona management changes mandates mangaba manganese mango mangrove Manitoba mannose manure maple maps marginal land Marine/Maritime Biofuel marine algae Marine Corps Marine Diesel Oil (MDO) Marine Gas Oil (MGO) market forces marketing markets/sales market share Mars Marshall Islands Maryland Masdar Institute Massachusetts Master Limited Partnership (MLP) Mauritius Mazda meat mechanics training medical waste MEEC membranes mergers and acquisitions mesquite methan methanation methane/biomethane methane leaks Methanol/Biomethanol/Renewable Methanol methanol price Mexico Michelin GreenX Challenge Michigan micro-crop microalgae microbiology microorganisms/microbes microwave Mid-Atlantic Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military reserves military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels millennium fruit millet millettia pinnata milo stover minerals mining Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold molybdenum Monaco mongongo Montana Montenegro moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES2014 Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed Myanmar n-butanol nahar Namibia nano nanocatalysts nanocellulose nanomaterials nano particles naphtha/bionaphtha NASCAR National Academies of Science National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) National Guard National Highway Traffic Safety Administration National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Laboratory National Oceanic 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Nunavut nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition nut shells oak oat hulls oats oat straw Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) offtake agreements Ohio oil oil embargo oil exploration oil monopoly oil price parity oil prices oil production oil refineries oil replacement Oils oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil speculators oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes Oklahoma olefins olive cake olive oil olive pits olives olive water Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) open fuel standard open pond optimized flex fuel vehicles orange peel orchard grass orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells OSHA 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stillage storage tanks Straight (pure) Vegetable Oil (SVO or PVO) stranded assets Strategic Bioenergy Reserve STrategiv Petroleum Reserve straw students su sub-Saharan Africa sub-sim (substantially similar) succinic acid sucrose Sudan sugar sugar-to-biodiesel sugar-to-farnesane sugar-to-jetfuel Sugar Beets/Energy Beets sugar cane sugar cane prices sugar cane straw Sugar kelp sugar palm sugar platform sugar prices sugars sugars-to-fats sugar standards sulfur Sumatra sunflower supercritical fluid supercritical hydrolysis supply agreements supply chain Supreme Court surahart Suriname Sustainability Swaziland Sweden sweetgum sweet potatoes Sweet sorghum swine waste Switchgrass Switzerland sycamore syngas syngas fermentation synthetic biology synthetic diesel synthetic gasoline synthetic methane Syria Tailoring Rule Taiwan Tajikistan tall fescue tall oil tallow tallow tree Tamarix tank-to-wheel tank cars tankers tanker trucks Tanzania tariffs taro tar sands Tasmania tax benefit tax credit taxes tax incentives tax parity tax policy tea teach-the-teacher teacher teacher resources teacher training technical course Technical Readiness Levels technology transfer tech transfer telephone utility poles Tennessee termites terpenes terrestrial carbon testing Texas textbook Thailand theft therapeutics thermal deoxygenation thermocatalytic conversion thermochemical conversion Tier 3 Tier 4 tilapia tillage Timor-Leste tires tobacco tobacco tree Togo Tokyo toluene Tonga tool Toronto torrefaction Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) trade trade dispute/discrimination trade group trade organization Trade Policy trade secrets training trains transesterification transgenics transition Transportation Fuels Policy Transportation Fuels Policy--Municipal Transportation Fuels Policy--State Transportation Policy Treasury Department trees Trinidad and Tobago triticale trucks tubers tung tunicate Tunisia Turkey Uganda UK (United Kingdom) Ukraine UL (Underwriters Laboratory) ULSD (ultra low sulfur 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