The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Methanol a Versatile Chemical and Fuel

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) The most recent Digest webinar looked into the promise and progress with renewable methanol as a chemical intermediate and as a renewable fuel. Muhammed Islam of S&B Engineers and Constructors took us through this presentation, which

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Biomethanation to Upgrade Biogas to Pipeline Grade Methane

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Renewable natural gas (RNG) is typically produced from biogas using gas separation technology – keeping the CH4 – venting the CO2. Upgrading CO2 present in biogas using naturally-occurring organisms can  increase production 60 – 70%. In

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50 Hottest Companies in the Bioeconomy, 2024-25, Nominations Open DEADLINE October 4, 2024

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) In Florida, The Digest announced the official opening of nominations for the 50 Hottest Companies in the Bioeconomy for 2024-25. Voting Rules Voting will be open to all registered voters, and you can register here. As a courtesy, ABLC delegates

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NORDEN Enters into Biofuel Arrangement with BHP

(NORDEN) NORDEN and leading global resources company BHP have entered into a lower CO2 emission biofuel arrangement for approximately 1,000 tonnes of 100% biofuel (B100) to be used on a voyage from Hay Point, Australia to Rotterdam, Netherlands on the Capesize

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Why Is It Taking So Long to Get the Necessary Guidance on the 45Z Tax Credit Program?

•by Jim Wiesemeyer (AgWeb)  ... There are a few key reasons why guidance on the 45Z clean fuel production tax credit program is taking a long time to be issued: • Complexity of the program: The 45Z credit is a new, technology-neutral credit based

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HVO Biofuel to Be Used for Towing in British Columbia Port

(Biofuels Central)  According to Ocean Group, this fuel, derived from renewable sources like vegetable oils and animal residues, reduces CO2 emissions by up to 80% compared to traditional fossil fuels. After successful tests in 2023 and gaining approval from Transport Canada, Ocean

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California Can Reduce Gasoline Prices by Adopting E-15 Ethanol Blend

(Aemetis) Aemetis, Inc. (Nasdaq: AMTX), a California renewable fuels producer, today called for the California Air Resources Board (CARB) to immediately implement a 15% ethanol blend in gasoline to reduce gas prices for California consumers and reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHG)

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Gevo, Inc. Announces Sale of Approximately $20 Million of Investment Tax Credits Generated by the Gevo NW Iowa RNG Facility Under Inflation Reduction Act, Helping to Drive Further Investment in Clean Energy

(Gevo) Gevo, Inc. (NASDAQ: GEVO) is pleased to announce the sale of approximately $20 million in Investment Tax Credits to an undisclosed corporate buyer. This transaction monetizes Inflation Reduction Act (“IRA”) Investment Tax Credits generated from the commercialization of a renewable

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QUOTE OF THE WEEK -- Ernest J. Moniz

Electric vehicles will probably continue to get market share, but the reality is the transportation sector, whether it's light-duty vehicles or large airplanes, long-distance airplanes, liquid fuels with their very high energy densities will be essential. Liquid hydrogen is often

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Study: Ethanol Can Move to Net-Zero Moniz: Ethanol's Zero-Carbon Future Starts With Currently Available Paths

by Todd Neeley (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Preliminary results of a new study released by the Energy Futures Initiative Foundation on Friday show corn ethanol has the potential to achieve near-net-zero carbon emissions by 2035 and net-zero by 2050, outlining the pathways

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Ethanol Blog: Biodiesel Producers Expect Industry Shutdown Without 45Z Guidance From Treasury

by Todd Neeley (DTN Progressive Farmer)   Biodiesel producers need to know the rules for the 45Z clean fuel production tax credit now or there will be risk of industry shutdown, biodiesel industry members of the Iowa Renewable Fuels Association told the

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Ag Policy Blog: Reforming Climate Models: Leveling the Playing Field for American Agriculture

by Chris Clayton (DTN Progressive Farmer)  Seth Meyer, USDA's chief economist, explained Monday at an agricultural outlook conference in Kansas City, Missouri, that he didn't want to get too deep into the weeds, but he told the audience of agribusiness leaders

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Deutsche ReGas Completes FEED for Lubmin Hydrogen Hub

(Riviera News) German LNG terminal operator Deutsche ReGas has completed the front-end engineering and design phase for its planned hydrogen hub in Lubmin -- This project, known as H2-Hub Lubmin, started in September 2023. Deutsche ReGas has signed an agreement in principle

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Virgin Australia Starts Using Pertamina's Sustainable Aviation Fuel

(Antara)  Virgin Australia has become the first international airline to use the sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) produced by Indonesia's state-owned energy giant Pertamina. “The first SAF delivery at Ngurah Rai Airport signifies that Indonesia can adapt to the energy mix demands in

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Strategic Biofuels Publishes “A Practical Guide to Forestry Feedstock Under the Renewable Fuel Standard” Following USDA Forest Service Grant

(Strategic Biofuels/Business Wire)  First-of-its-kind, free resource helps identify woody biomass feedstock requirements to enable environmental credits generation and further the commercialization of forestry waste-derived renewable fuels  --  Strategic Biofuels, a renewable fuels project development company, announced the publication of its free resource,

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to SAF from Wet Wastes via Hydrothermal Liquefaction

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Wet wastes could provide up to 6 billion gallons of SAF and saves on expensive alternative disposal processes that can reach as high as $4 per gallon of fuel. In this project, researchers propose a method

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The Principles of Low-Carbon Tectonics: As Lygos, Pyran Accelerate, We Look at the Why, the Where, and the When

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ... Lygos and CJ BIO have signed an MOU to develop a commercial-scale biorefinery complex in Fort Dodge, Iowa, Meanwhile, Pyran raised a new financing round aimed at completing the front-end engineering design for their first

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Neste, ITOCHU and GS Caltex Collaborate to Make the First Batch of CORSIA-Certified Sustainable Aviation Fuel Available for Purchase in Japan

(Neste) Neste, ITOCHU and GS Caltex have collaborated to make the first batch of CORSIA-eligible ISCC-certified sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) available for purchase at Narita International Airport in Japan. This is the first time that CORSIA-certified SAF was made available for

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Fiji Airways, The Fiji Sugar Corporation Limited, Lee Enterprises Consulting, and Asian Development Bank to Explore Sustainable Aviation Fuel Production in the Pacific

(Fiji Airways)  Fiji Airways is proud to announce an innovative collaboration with The Fiji Sugar Corporation Limited (FSC) and Lee Enterprises Consulting (LEC) to evaluate the feasibility of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) production in Fiji. This initiative has the potential to

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An NFL First: 49ers and United Airlines Launch SAF Pilot Project to Reduce Carbon Emissions from Air Travel

(United Airlines) In joining United's Eco-Skies Alliance, the 49ers are the first NFL team to purchase sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) in an effort to reduce emissions --  United and the San Francisco 49ers announced today that the team has become the first in the

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Catalytic Upgrading of Carbohydrates in Waste Streams to Hydrocarbons

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Paper sludge typically taken to landfills (50%), incinerated (20%) or spread on land as soil enhancement (10%). In total, there’s 8 million wet tonnes (4MT dry) of paper sludge that costs $240 million each year to

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HD Hyundai’s OCCS Retrofit Design Receives DNV’s Nod

by Fatima Bahtić (Offshore Energy) South Korean companies HD Hyundai Marine Solution, HD Hyundai Engineering & Technology, HD Korea Shipbuilding & Offshore Engineering (HD KSOE), and Hyundai Heavy Industries Power Systems have obtained approval in principle (AiP) from classification society DNV

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Queen Máxima Opens Innovative Bio-LNG Plant in Wilp

(Atterno)  On Thursday September,11th, 2024, Her Majesty Queen Máxima officially opened Attero and Nordsol's bio-LNG plant in Wilp. The plant produces sustainable bio-LNG from biogas from the fermentation of vegetable, fruit and garden waste (VGF). This brings the sustainability of maritime

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Svitzer Makes Battery-Methanol Newbuild Debut

(Splash 247.com)  Danish towage operator Svitzer has placed an order for what it says is the world’s first battery-methanol tug. The Copenhagen-based group with more than 450 vessels has contracted the Turkish shipyard Uzmar to build the unit, which will feature a

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Us First Approval in Principle for Ammonia Bunkering Vessel - Targeting Commercial Operations by 2030 to Decarbonize the Maritime Industry -

(Sumitomo Corporation) American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), Fleet Management Limited, Sumitomo Corporation and TOTE Services (collectively the “Parties”) announced today the United States’ First Approval in Principle ("AiP") for the initial design of ammonia bunkering articulated tug-barge (*1) /AB-ATB) from ABS.

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MOL, GCMD and Yara Clean Ammonia Succeeds Ammonia STS (Ship-To-Ship) Trial in Australia Port - Contribution for the Ammonia Bunkering Infrastructure Installation -

(Mitsui O.S.K. Lines) Mitsui O.S.K. Lines, Ltd. (MOL; President & CEO: Takeshi Hashimoto, Headquarters: Minato-ku, Tokyo) has joined the Ammonia STS trial which was led and successfully completed by the Global Centre for Maritime Decarbonisation (GCMD). -- In the absence of ammonia

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Argus Biomass Conference --- April 1-3, 2025 --- London, UK

The 2025 Argus Biomass Conference returns to the Queen Elizabeth II Centre in the heart of London on 1-3 April 2025 for the largest global gathering of biomass leaders.  Join 450+ international peers to explore new innovations in the pellet market,

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Assessing the Environmental Impacts of Brazil's Biofuel Sector

(Springer)  Mathematical analysis reveals that within Brazil’s agriculture and livestock industry, the biofuels sector is most heavily reliant on other sectors with high greenhouse gas emissions. -- Brazil is a world leader in biofuel production, but the environmental sustainability of the

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The World’s First Biodiesel-Powered Pickup Truck Has a Story to Tell

by Caleb Jacobs (The Drive) The 1991 Dodge Ram 250 with a Cummins is still going strong more than 30 years after a university experiment turned it into a pioneer. -- ... “In 1991, when the farmers paid the university to do

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Navigating Carbon Dioxide Removal: The Role of Policy, Regulation, and Value Chains

(International Biochar Initiative) This session explored the rapidly evolving landscape of Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) with a focus on biochar, providing you with the insights needed to navigate the complex intersections of policy, compliance, and value chains. Our expert speakers, Jason Dodier

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Proposed $1.35 Billion Investment in Southeast Louisiana Would Establish Large-Scale Renewable Natural Gas Plant and Green Hydrogen Facility

(Louisiana Economic Development) - Woodland Biofuels expects to create 110 direct new jobs in St. John the Baptist Parish.  -The new facility would be located at the Globalplex multimodal facility at the Port of South Louisiana.  - Commercial operations of the new

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U.S. Grants Gevo a Patent for Breakthrough Ethanol-to-Olefin Process

(Gevo) Next Generation Process with Potential to Lower Capital and Operating Costs for Producing Chemicals, SAF and Other Fuels -- Gevo, Inc. (NASDAQ: GEVO) is proud to announce the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office has granted to Gevo, a patent for its

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RIO to Test Biofuel Crop for Renewable Diesel Production in Australia

by Zacks (Benzinga)  Rio Tinto RIO announced that it would invest in Pongamia seed farms in Australia to explore the possibility of using its seed oil as a feedstock for renewable diesel. RIO sees biofuels as an avenue to reduce the dependence on

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India and Brazil Review Existing Collaboration in Energy Sector, Cooperation in Sustainable Fuels, Particularly Biofuels

(Statesman News Service)  India and Brazil have reaffirmed their desire to strengthen cooperation between them to usher in various advantages, which include economic growth, by creating jobs in the rural sector and fostering innovation in renewable energy technologies and energy security,

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Report: Low Corn Prices Support Expansion of Chinese Ethanol Production

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) Ethanol production and demand in China are expected to increase 17% this year, according to a report filed with the USDA Foreign Agricultural Service’s Global Agricultural Information Network. Domestic ethanol production capacity in China is

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Growing Ohio’s Ethanol Industry

by Erin Anderson (Brownfield Ag News)  ... Brad Moffit with Ohio Corn and Wheat says work continues to increase access to ethanol. “It’s a better fuel,” he says. “It’s higher octane. For the retail customer in Ohio, it runs anywhere from $0.05 to

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Summit Next Gen Closes on Site Acquisition and Provides Key Updates on its Project to Develop the World's Largest Ethanol to Jet Sustainable Aviation Fuel Facility

(Summit Next Gen) Strategic site location on the Houston Ship Channel with close proximity to significant existing infrastructure provides unmatched connectivity to both feedstock supply and SAF demand markets; Robert T. Halpin selected to serve as Chief Executive Officer; Successfully completed substantial development

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Minnesota SAF Hub Building Blend Plant: Minnesota Eyes 2025 for Completion of Sustainable Aviation Fuel Blending Plant

by Todd Neeley (DTN Progressive Farmer)   It has been just one year since the formation of a partnership to create what is the nation's first large-scale sustainable aviation fuel value chain in Minnesota, and a Delta Airlines representative said on Monday

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Leveling the Playing Field for U.S. Producers

by Carah Hart (Brownfield Ag News) The Deputy Secretary at USDA says U.S. farmers must be treated fairly as the Sustainable Aviation Fuel market is developed. Xochitl Torres Small tells Brownfield Brazil has an unfair advantage accessing the new SAF market in

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RFA Seeks Update on EPA Feedstock Audits, Urges Tighter Regulations on Imported UCO, Tallow

(Renewable Fuels Association) In a letter sent today (September 17, 2024) to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Administrator Michael Regan, the Renewable Fuels Association asked for an update on the agency’s investigation of certain biofuel feedstock imports and urged the adoption of more

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Allison, Cummins Partner to Integrate Hybrid System for Transit Market

by Michael Bates (NGT News)  Allison Transmission is collaborating with global power technology provider Cummins Inc. to integrate and certify a Cummins B-Series engine with the Allison eGen Flex electric hybrid propulsion system for the transit market. The integration will meet the EPA’s Greenhouse

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Clean Fuel Tax Credit, Carbon Capture Set Farms up to Prosper

by Thomas C. Dorr (U.S. Grains Council/Des Moines Register)  ... Traditionally, U.S. agriculture was focused on the production of food, feed, and fiber. It was during the period of the early 2000s when several realizations became readily apparent. First, U.S. agriculture could

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Policies and Incentives Support Sustainable Aviation Fuels

by Pamela Wu (Reuters) ... Supply chains continue to mature and existing industrial infrastructure is being leveraged for SAF production. Investments in SAF have increased due to federal and state tax credits incentivizing production. Although SAF production has increased significantly, the 2024

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AIDA Cruises Pressing on with Biofuel Trials on a Quest to Find Fuel Mix of Future

by Ajsa Habibic  (Offshore Energy) German cruise line AIDA Cruises, part of Carnival Corporation, has refueled its Hyperion-class cruise ship AIDAprima with 100% renewable Bio Marine Fuel (BMF100) as part of a pilot project to evaluate the fuel performance in regular

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Origin Materials, the investment perspective

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) A handful of industrial biotechnology companies have the strength and purpose to make it as a public company — others remain private, are acquired, or wind down. What makes companies able to succeed with public investors?

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Catalyst Selection Holds the Key to Flexible, Efficient SAF and Renewables Production

by Milica Folić and  Maria Jesus Lorences Perez (Topsoe/Biofuels Digest) ...  Ideally, solutions for processing renewable feedstocks into SAF should offer some feedstock flexibility, enabling refineries to produce clean fuels from a diverse range of inputs including vegetable oils, animal fat,

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Biofuel Technologies: An Overview? This Data-File Provides an Overview of the 3.5Mbpd Global Biofuels Industry

(Thunder Said Energy)  This data-file provides an overview of the 3.5Mbpd global biofuels industry, across its main components: corn ethanol, sugarcane ethanol, vegetable oils, palm oil, waste oils (renewable diesel), cellulosic biomass, algal biofuels, biogas and landfill gas. For each biofuel technology,

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GWRCCC Fleet Lunch & Learn ---- September 19, 2024 --- ONLINE

Join leaders from the Greater Washington Region Clean Cities Coalition and DC Department of Public Works for lunch and for a robust discussion on the use of EV's and Biodiesel in their fleets.  READ MORE

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Essay: To Fix Climate Anxiety (and Also Climate Change), We First Have to Fix Individualism

by Rosanna Xia (Los Angeles Times)  ... They tried to bury us, but they didn’t know we were seeds.   (Proverb quoted by Kevin J. Patel) ... “One huge reason why climate anxiety feels so awful is this feeling of not being able to

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EcoTech Biofuels Pulls out of Trinidad (Colorado), Plans to Move Industrial Site to Walsenburg

by T’Naus Nieto (The Chronicle-News)  On Sept. 9, Linda-Rose Myers, president of EcoTech Biofuels, informed The Chronicle-News that the company would no longer be able to bring its industrial site to Trinidad because BNSF is unable to offer rail services to the

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EIL Accelerates Green Energy Plans with Offshore Wind and Biofuels Initiatives

(Chemical Industry Digest) Engineers India Ltd (EIL) is actively exploring opportunities in the renewable energy sector and is currently in discussions with green energy developers to design and build offshore wind infrastructure in India. Chairperson and Managing Director Vartika Shukla announced that

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Being Green and Sustainable: Alfa Chemistry Provides Biobased Pharmaceutical Chemicals, Plasticizers, and Biofuels

(Alfa Chemistry/EIN Newswire) In an era where environmental consciousness rises, Alfa Chemistry emerges as a provider of biobased pharmaceutical chemicals, plasticizers, and biofuels. --  In an era where environmental consciousness and sustainability are at the forefront of societal concerns, Alfa Chemistry emerges

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USGC Explores Renewed Ethanol Collaboration during China Mission

(WATT Poultry)  The mission aimed to foster collaboration that could unlock significant market opportunities. -- Representatives from the U.S. Grains Council (USGC) and the U.S. ethanol industry embarked on an exploratory mission to China aimed at gaining critical insights into the country's ethanol market

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Senator Grassley Recognized for Biofuel Leadership

(KAAL TV)  Senator Chuck Grassley is receiving recognition for his work to support biofuel producers. The senator accepted Growth Energy’s 2024 “Fueling Growth Award” and said in part, “homegrown fuels are good for America’s pocketbooks, the environment, and our national security.”

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Funding Notice: U.S. Department of Energy Announces $12 Million to Advance Biorefinery Technologies for Biofuels and Biochemicals DEADLINE November 7, 2024

(U.S. Department of Energy)  The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) announced $12 million in funding to support the advancement of integrated biorefinery technologies to decarbonize the transportation and industrial sector. This funding opportunity announcement (FOA), FY24 Scale-Up of Integrated Biorefineries, will

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Just Announced: Federal Interagency Sustainable Aviation Fuel Progress Metrics and $12 Million in Funding to Support the Advancement of Integrated Biorefinery Technologies

(U.S. Department of Energy)  Today (September 11, 2024), an interagency team led by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), and U.S. Department of Transportation's (DOT’s) Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) released the Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) Grand Challenge: Metrics Dashboard Fact Sheet. USDA Secretary Thomas Vilsack made

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Proposals to Build California’s First Carbon Storage Facilities Face a Key Test

by Emma Foehringer Merchant and Joshua Yeager (Inside Climate News and KVPR)  Experts say extensive monitoring of the sites will be required to ensure safety.  --  ... Proposals to build California’s first carbon storage facilities are facing key tests in the coming

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European Algae Industry Summit 2025 --- April 2-3, 2025 --- Antwerp, Belgium

The application of algae has been extensively applied throughout numerous industries including food, cosmetics, biofuels, pharma and nutraceutical. As research and technology continue to advance, the uses of algae are likely to expand further offering sustainable solutions to various global

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In-person Tour, Biodigester Demo and Presentation, and Benefits Coming from the Inflation Reduction Act --- September 24, 2024 --- Schnecksville, PA

Join Mid-Atlantic Renewable Energy Association in-person for a hands-on tour, demonstration and presentations at the Sustainable Energy Fund (SEF) headquarters at 4250 Independence Drive, Schnecksville (Route 309 North of Route 22 near Allentown). You must preregister to attend this event.  Following the groundwork

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Plug Signs Technical Evaluation Phase Contract for 25 MW of PEM Electrolyzers with Dourogás and CapWatt for 80,000 Ton Per Year Methanol Project

(Plug Power) Plug will collaborate to provide support during the Front End Engineering Design (FEED) phase -- Plug Power Inc. (NASDAQ: PLUG), a global leader in comprehensive hydrogen solutions for the green hydrogen economy, has secured a contract with H2DRIVEN, a project

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Michigan Biodiesel Usage Growing in Detroit Area

by Nicole Heslip (Brownfield Ag News) New federal grants will increase biodiesel usage along the Detroit River. -- Pete Probst with the Michigan Advanced Biofuels Coalition tells Brownfield most traffic on the Great Lakes St. Lawerence Seaway has to pass through the

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Biodiesel Offers Best Decarbonisation Bang for the Buck - ABS

by Gary Howard (Seatrade Maritime News) Biodiesel has the lowest cost per tonne of well-to-wake GHG emissions savings among alternative fuels today and across two of three future scenarios, according to an ABS report. --  Under a new ABS index, biodiesel showed up to 24 times

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Indian Sugar Manufacturers Partner with TERI, PRAJ for Sustainable Biofuels

(The Hindu Business Line)  ISMA’s initiative will support India’s target of achieving a 1% SAF blend with Aviation Turbine Fuel by 2027 and 5% by 2030 under ICAO’s CORSIA mandates  --  The Indian Sugar & Bio Energy Manufacturers Association (ISMA) on Thursday announced that

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CRISPR/Cas9 Modifies Euglena to Create Potential Biofuel Source

(Osaka Metropolitan University)  Mutant microalgae produce wax esters for biofuel feedstock with improved cold flow  -- Modifying euglena for biofuel-ready wax esters: Genome editing of Euglena gracilis led to stable mutants that produced wax esters with shorter carbon chains, giving the esters

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From Popping to Biofuels: Discover the Versatile Uses of Sorghum

by Ricardo Hernandez (Nebraska TV)  ... "We had an 18% increase across Nebraska for sorghum," explainedKristine Dvoracek-Jameson Executive Director at Nebraska Grain Sorghum Board and Nebraska Sorghum Producers Association. Sorghum is growing throughout the state, with about 400,000 acres being grown this

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Thermax Partners with Ceres for Green Hydrogen Production with Large-Scale Solid Oxide Electrolysis (SOEC) Manufacturing in India

(Ceres)  Thermax, a leading energy and environment solutions provider and a trusted partner in energy transition, has announced a strategic collaboration with Ceres Power Holdings plc (CWR.L), a leading developer of clean energy technology. The two companies have entered a non-exclusive,

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Ohmium to Collaborate with Ten08 Energy for 500MW Clean Ammonia Project

(Ohmium)  Ohmium PEM Electrolyzers will generate Green Hydrogen for Ten08 Energy's pioneering 500MW Clean Ammonia Project in Texas.—Ohmium International (“Ohmium”), a leading green hydrogen company that designs, manufactures and deploys advanced Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM)electrolyzers, has announced a strategic partnership with Ten08

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Envision Energy to Build US$1 Billion Green Hydrogen Industrial Park in Spain

by Yujie Xue (South China Morning Post)  Project partners will include the Spanish government and local industrial and financial bodies, the Shanghai-based firm said. -- Chinese renewable energy developer Envision Energy is planning to build a US$1 billion green hydrogen industrial park

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MAN Energy Solutions and H-TEC SYSTEMS in Cooperation with Helen Oy to Execute Helsinki Hydrogen Plant

(Helen Oy) With its first hydrogen project of three PEM electrolysers Helen Oy will increase its expertise to meet the needs of large-scale hydrogen production. -- Helen Oy, one of Finland's largest energy companies, is joining forces with MAN Energy Solutions and

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AtoB@C, EFO Turn to Renewable Fuels in New Initiative

by Naida Hakirevic Prevljak (Offshore Energy) AtoB@C Shipping, a Swedish subsidiary of shipping company ESL Shipping, and EFO, a joint venture of compatriot energy companies, have committed to a set of measures to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from their sea transports. As

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The City of St. Cloud buys Nel Electrolyser for Wastewater Treatment Facility

(Nel Hydrogen)  Nel has received a purchase order for an MC250 containerized PEM electrolyser to produce renewable hydrogen at an innovative wastewater treatment facility in St. Cloud, Minnesota, US.  “In the future, the whole community of St. Cloud will use renewable hydrogen

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Novonesis, the Investment Perspective

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  A handful of industrial biotechnology companies have the strength and purpose to make it as a public company — others remain private, are acquired, or wind down. What makes companies able to succeed with public investors?

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Department of Energy Announced Notice of Intent Fiscal Year 2025 Core Laboratory Infrastructure for Market Readiness (CLIMR) Lab Cal

(U.S. Department of Energy) The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Technology Transitions (OTT) announced their Notice of Intent (NOI) to issue a call for proposals from DOE National Laboratories, plants, and sites for the Fiscal Year (FY) 2025 Core Laboratory Infrastructure for Market

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Renewable Jet Fuel Conference Opens in St. Paul with Big Goals, Challenges Minnesota’s First Blending Facility of Jet Fuel and Sustainable Aviation Fuel to Open at Pine Bend Refinery.

by Christopher Vondracek (Minnesota Star Tribune)  The day a farmer might look up from a field and see an airplane powered by corn ethanol is coming.  At least, that’s what the attendees of the North American SAF Conference and Expo hope. The three-day,

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Calif. Republican Proposes Freezing Low-Carbon Fuel Standard to Keep Gas Prices Down

by Wes Venteicher (Politico Pro Climatewire)  Assemblymember Joe Patterson’s bill would prevent the state from approving an update to its emissions trading program for transportation fuels. --  Republican Assemblymember Joe Patterson introduced a bill Wednesday to delay an update to California’s low-carbon

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Candidates Reveal Biofuel Stands in FB Survey

by Cindy Zimmerman (Energy.AgWired.com) The American Farm Bureau Federation asked Vice President Kamala Harris and former President Donald Trump about their priorities for American agriculture in a questionnaire that included their opinions on renewable fuels. Farm Bureau asked the question, “As president, would you support

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Algenie Emerges from Stealth with Next-Gen Bioreactor It Claims Can Unlock Algae’s Potential in Feed, Bioplastics, and Fuel

by Elaine Watson (Ag Funder News)  ... So what makes Algenie—an Australian startup now emerging from stealth—think it can crack the code? It’s early days, but novel thin layer photobioreactors enabling dramatic improvements in efficiency and scalability could change the game, claims cofounder

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Guest Article: The EUDR Is an Opportunity to Progress Data Standards in Agriculture

by Davide Ceper (Varda/Ag Funder News)  ... As the European Union (EU) continues to advance its legislative framework, businesses operating within its borders must stay agile and prepared for new regulatory demands. One of the most significant developments on the horizon

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Knowledge-Guided Machine Learning Can Improve Carbon Cycle Quantification in Agroecosystems

by Licheng Liu, Wang Zhou, Kaiyu Guan, et al. (Nature Communications)  Accurate and cost-effective quantification of the carbon cycle for agroecosystems at decision-relevant scales is critical to mitigating climate change and ensuring sustainable food production. However, conventional process-based or data-driven modeling

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Analytical Solutions for Biofuels at the 3 Stages of Production: Feedstocks - Processing - Finished Fuel Blends --- September 17, 2024 --- ONLINE

This webinar will explore multiple analytical solutions for biofuels testing at the three stages of production - from feedstocks, to processing to finished fuel blend quality tests.  Instruments involved in this webinar: Avio 550 Max, HS 2400 & GC 2400, Spectrum Two

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Synergies of Renewable Hydrogen and Biobased Value Chains: Case Studies --- September 26, 2024 --- ONLINE

Producing biobased hydrogen could be an alternative option for renewable hydrogen provision. Moreover, there are many biobased processes either high in demand for renewable hydrogen (e.g. synthetic renewable fuels, biorefining) or that could benefit from renewable hydrogen integration. This webinar

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CFE, Pemex Partner to Explore Green Hydrogen Plan

by Jim Kendrick (Biofuels Digest) In Mexico, Bloomberg Linea reports Mexico’s Federal Electricity Commission, CFE, is exploring a partnership with Pemex to produce green hydrogen at the Salina Cruz refinery, aiming to decarbonize energy production by replacing traditional hydrogen made from natural

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We Want to Make India a Global Hub for Green Hydrogen Production: PM Modi

(Hindustan Times)  Green Hydrogen is emerging as a promising addition to the world’s energy landscape as it can help in decarbonising industries that are difficult to electrify -- Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Wednesday said that India is looking to become a

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Gensol Engineering to Set up India’s First Green Hydrogen Valley Project

(Money Control) The project will set up green hydrogen plant on Build Own and Operate (BOO) basis, supplying to specialty chemical sector for 20 years. Both Gensol and Matrix have common promoters, and they will collaborate in the Green Hydrogen and derivates

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Korea's SK Energy to Start Commercial Operations of SAF Production Line

by Hyung-Kyu Kim (Korea Economic Daily) The refiner of SK Innovation is considering establishing a full SAF-dedicated production facility if demand rises fast enough  --  SK Energy Co., South Korea’s largest oil refiner, is set to start commercial operations of a production line

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Norwegian Prime Minister Attends Naming Ceremony of World’s Largest and Most Environmentally Friendly Car Carrier

(Höegh Autoliners)  Höegh Autoliners’ second Aurora Class vessel, the Höegh Borealis, was delivered today at a grand naming ceremony in China. The groundbreaking new build program from Höegh Autoliners is a remarkable example of global collaboration and a testament to what

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Yield10 Biosciences, the Investment Perspective

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) A handful of industrial biotechnology companies have the strength and purpose to make it as a public company — others remain private, are acquired, or wind down. What makes companies able to succeed with public investors?

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New Research Centre for Sustainable Shipping

(Oldendorff Carriers)  Oldendorff Carriers and the University of Strathclyde (UoS) are setting up a research centre for sustainable shipping at the university in the centre of Glasgow.  ... The MoU will create a partnership where we will work together on sustainable

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Republican Lawmakers Call Summit Pipeline Approval an ‘Attack on the Constitution’: Lawsuits Challenge Permit Approval in State and Federal Courts

by Cami Koons (Iowa Capital Dispatch) Republican lawmakers opposing the Summit Carbon Solutions pipeline said the Iowa Utilities Commission’s approval of the project was an attack on “God-given” Fifth Amendment rights. The remarks came from a group of nearly 40 lawmakers who

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NewEnergyBlue Acquires Inbicon Biomass Conversion Technology and International Patent Portfolio

(NewEnergyBlue) NewEnergyBlue, the clean-technology designer of biomass refineries that turn agricultural waste into highly decarbonized biofuels and biochemicals, has finalized its purchase of Inbicon biomass-conversion technology from Ørsted, a renewable energy company based in Denmark. NewEnergyBlue’s acquisition extends its scope of

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Gevo to Acquire Red Trail Energy Assets in North Dakota, Including Operating Low-Carbon Ethanol Production and Carbon Sequestration Facilities, Expanding Platform for Sustainable Aviation Fuel, Hydrocarbons, and Chemicals

(Gevo)   Gevo, Inc. (NASDAQ: GEVO), a leading developer of net-zero hydrocarbon fuels and chemicals, is pleased to announce that it has entered into a definitive agreement to acquire the ethanol production plant and carbon capture and sequestration (“CCS”) assets of Red

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Maersk and Hapag-Lloyd to Deploy up to 340 Vessels in New Gemini Cooperation

by Sara Kosmajac (Offshore Energy)  Denmark’s shipping heavyweight A.P. Moller Maersk and Germany’s container shippping major Hapag-Lloyd have unveiled details of their upcoming operational collaboration Gemini Cooperation, slated for launch in February 2025. -- The cooperation comprises a fleet of around 300

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Business Aviation Groups Seek European Leaders' Support

by Charles Alcock (AIN Online)  EBAA and GAMA publish joint manifesto on European business aviation policy  --  The European Business Aviation Association (EBAA) and the General Aviation Manufacturers Association (GAMA) are demanding action from governments and regulators to help the industry achieve

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Flex Fuel Vehicles Here to Stay, RFA Says

by Brent Barnett (Brownfield Ag News)  A leader with the Renewable Fuels Association says he has an optimistic outlook for flex fuel vehicles. Robert White, senior vice president of industry relations and market development, says California has helped lead that charge. “There’s

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Asahi Kasei Enters Collaboration with De Nora for Development and Sale of Small-Scale Containerized Electrolyzers for Hydrogen Production

(Asahi Kasei)  The Japanese technology company Asahi Kasei has signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) with De Nora, an Italian multinational company, leader in sustainable technologies, and a manufacturer of electrolyzer cells, small scale electrolyzers, and other components for the production

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House Eyes Vote to Undo EPA Tailpipe Emissions Rule

by Andres Picon, Nico Portuondo (Politico Pro E&E Daily)   The Congressional Review Act resolution attacks what Republicans often refer to as the administration's "EV mandate."  --  House Republicans are looking to continue their assault on the Biden administration’s climate rules next

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RFA, Other Petitioners File Initial Brief in Lawsuit Over EPA’s Tailpipe Standards

(Renewable Fuels Association)  In a detailed brief submitted late Friday to the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals, the Renewable Fuels Association and 55 other parties argued that the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency unlawfully exceeded its statutory authority and acted arbitrarily and capriciously by

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TopSoil Webinar: Carbon Intensity Tax Credits: From Corn to Credits to Cash --- October 3, 2024 --- ONLINE

(Continuum Ag) Join Mitchell Hora and Faith Larson for an in-depth exploration of Carbon Intensity tax credits, focusing on the 45Z program and its impact on agriculture. This webinar will provide an overview of the current landscape of tax credit brokering,

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Hycamite Opens Europe’s Largest Methane-Splitting Plant for Low-Carbon Hydrogen Production

(Hycamite)  Hycamite TCD Technologies, a leader in emissions-free methane-splitting technology, opens Europe’s largest methane-splitting plant in Kokkola, Finland. Once fully operational, the nominal capacity of Hycamite’s Customer Sample Facility (CSF) will reach 2,000 tonnes of low-carbon hydrogen and 6,000 tonnes of

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The Green Jobs Landscape: What It Holds and How to Get Involved --- September 25, 2024 --- ONLINE

Green skills and jobs are essential for fostering a sustainable and resource-efficient society. This event will examine the green jobs landscape and in-demand green skills. Our speakers include a labor economist and a green jobs recruiter.  Following our panel discussion,

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Could Switchgrass Be Used for Aviation Fuel? Study to Find Out

by Tom Venesky (Lancaster Farming) A new study is examining the use of switchgrass sugars in aviation fuel, similar to corn used for ethanol.  -- A federal grant could help researchers clear the final hurdle to make switchgrass a viable source for

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Exclusive: India to Extend Sugar Export Ban to Boost Local Supplies, Ethanol Output, Sources Say

by Rajendra Jadhav and Mayank Bhardwaj (Reuters)  India plans to extend a ban on sugar exports for the second straight year as the world's biggest consumer of the sweetener grapples with the prospects of lower cane output, government sources said. New Delhi also plans to

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This Unassuming Bus Is an EREV That Runs on Ethanol–The World’s First

by Iulian Dnistran (Inside EVs) It has a tiny combustion engine, a generator and an LFP battery pack. -- The Volare Attack 9 Hibrido is the world's first extended-range electric bus that also runs on bioethanol. The powertrain was provided by Renault and

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U.S. Grains Council and IICA Highlight the Importance of the Bioeconomy and Biofuels

(50 States Today)  President Ryan LeGrand Director General Manuel Otero address economic development in the Americas  --  The bioeconomy is a key driver of sustainable development and the burgeoning production and use of biofuels in the Americas, especially due to the current

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Fluid Quip Technologies Delivering Strong Results with Low Energy, High-Quality Alcohol System at Three Rivers Energy

(Fluid Quip Technologies) Fluid Quip Technologies (FQT), a global leader in advanced technologies for the biofuels, beverage alcohol and biochemical industries, announced strong results from their cutting-edge Low Energy Distillation™ (LED) and Grain Neutral Spirits (GNS) technologies after 12 months in

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CFTC Cracks Down: Escalating Enforcement and Raising the Stakes in the Voluntary Carbon Market

by Deanna R. Reitman , Julian E. Harrell , and( Tamara Criss (Faegre Drinker) - The U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Illinois recently granted the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) summary judgment in its first enforcement action

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Blue Biofuels Receives $1.15 Million Department of Energy Phase 2 Grant

(Blue Biofuels)   Blue Biofuels, Inc. (OTCQB: BIOF). Blue Biofuels is thrilled to announce that it has been awarded a Phase 2 Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) grant from the U.S. Department of Energy amounting to $1.15 million. This significant funding will

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Bank of America Bets on Carbon Capture With Big Tax-Credit Deal

by Amrith Ramkumar and Ed Ballard (Wall Street Journal) First-of-its-kind investment gives ethanol producer in North Dakota $205 million for stashing emissions underground  --  A climate technology that has struggled to get off the ground is getting a boost from a landmark

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Hintco and Fertiglobe Sign Landmark Renewable Ammonia Supply Contract

(Hintco)  Hintco GmbH announces that it has formally signed a contract with Fertiglobe, the successful bidder in the first H2Global pilot auction for renewable ammonia. This landmark agreement marks a significant advancement in Europe’s renewable energy future, setting a precedent for

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EU to Tighten Hydrogen Subsidy Rules after China Concerns

by Kate Abnett (Reuters)  The European Commission is working on tighter rules to ensure EU funding for hydrogen projects benefits European companies, after local industries raised concerns over cheap Chinese imports, the EU's head of climate change policy said on Monday. The

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Anaergia Selected to Design and Build Biogas Facility in Jeju Island, South Korea

(Anaergia)  Letter of Award received for Anaergia’s first project in South Korea -- Anaergia Inc.’s (“Anaergia”, the “Company”, “us”, or “our”) (TSX: ANRG), subsidiary, Anaergia Singapore Pte. Ltd., has received a Letter of Award from New Jeju Bio Co. Ltd. (“New Jeju

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Olam Agri to Invest around $60 Million in Multi-Input Bio-ethanol Unit at Rajgoli in Maharashtra

(ChiniMandi) Global commodity leader Olam Agri is investing around $60 million in a multi-input bio-ethanol plant in Rajgoli, Maharashtra. Olam already operates a sugar factory there with a crushing capacity of 4,000 tonnes per day. “Given the recent government policies on mixed

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Navigator Gas CEO Calls for Implementation of Carbon Levy

by John Snyder (Riviera)  Navigator Gas chief executive Mads Peter Zacho wants to see shipping move faster to address climate change and sees a carbon tax as a means to support the marine industry’s transition to low- and zero-carbon fuels --  Navigator

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Bio-LNG to Replace Fossil LNG – Groundbreaking Finnish Production Begins First in the Baltic Sea Region

(Rohe Solutions) Rohe Solutions started the production of Bio-LNG i.e. liquefied biomethane last Thursday, August 29, 2024, at the Hamina LNG terminal. Bio-LNG is produced using biomethane from the gas grid in a process called liquefaction from the grid. Since last autumn,

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Neste, the Investment Perspective

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) A handful of industrial biotechnology companies have the strength and purpose to make it as a public company — others remain private, are acquired, or wind down. What makes companies able to succeed with public investors?

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GM to Launch Its First Ethanol-Capable Hybrid-Flex Vehicles in Brazil

by Alberto Alerigi Jr. and by Andre Romani (Reuters) General Motors (GM.N) said on Wednesday that it would begin producing its first-ever hybrid-flex vehicles that can run on 100% ethanol or gasoline alongside their batteries in Brazil. Rival automakers Stellantis (STLAM.MI) and Honda (7267.T) have also announced plans this year

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Push for Year-round E15 Ramping up as 2025 Nears

by Brent Barnett (Brownfield Ag News)  Biofuel groups are still pursuing a federal fix for year-round E15.  Robert White, senior vice president of industry relations and market development for the Renewable Fuels Association, says yearly summer waivers are not a long-term solution. “Next

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LanzaTech Signs Master License Agreement with SEKISUI to Develop Multiple Commercial Scale Waste-to-Ethanol Plants Across Japan

(LanzaTech)  LanzaTech progresses partnership with SEKISUI by formalizing commercial framework to construct facilities which significantly advance how municipalities convert solid waste into valuable sustainable feedstocks  --   LanzaTech Global, Inc. (NASDAQ: LNZA) (LanzaTech), the carbon recycling company transforming waste carbon into sustainable fuels,

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More Green Downstream: Farmers Using a New Microbial Nitrogen Fertilizer

by Lisa Gibson (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Farmers using a new microbial nitrogen fertilizer from Pivot Bio have reduced carbon dioxide equivalent emissions by more than 932,500 metric tons since 2022. With feedstock accounting for half of the carbon intensity of a

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Vice President Geraldo Alckmin Performs the First 100% Ethanol Refueling of Flex-Fuel Vehicles during a Visit to the Stellantis Hub in Goiana

(Stellantis (Google Translation))  Stellantis is a pioneer in Brazil in fueling flex-fuel cars that come off the assembly line with 100% ethanol; Vice President of the Republic participated in the launch of the initiative that reduces around 87% of CO2 emissions when

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Gevo, the Investment Perspective

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) A handful of industrial biotechnology companies have the strength and purpose to make it as a public company — others remain private, are acquired, or wind down. What makes companies able to succeed with public investors?

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RSB Launches Study with Boeing on Sustainable Feedstock Potential in Southeast Asia

(Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials)  New research highlights the region’s capability to supply around 12% of global SAF demand by 2050, supporting commercial aviation’s net-zero goal. Rice husks and straw are identified as the region’s most promising SAF feedstocks when considering both availability

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Avfuel & Avflight Mesa Bring SAF to Falcon Field

(Business Airport International)  Avflight Mesa, in partnership with aviation fuel supplier, Avfuel Corporation, has announced it now offers sustainable aviation fuel (SAF).  The first truckload of SAF arrived on August 28. Located at Arizona’s Falcon Field, Avflight Mesa is the first of Avflight’s

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One in Five of Victor's Charter Flight Clients Buy SAF

by Charles Adcock (AIN Online) Direct-to-consumer option is offered in partnership with SAF manufacturer Neste  --  Around one in five customers of Victor's private jet charter booking platform pay extra to reduce carbon emissions through its sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) direct-to-consumer option.

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S-Oil Supplies Sustainable Aviation Fuel to Korean Air

(Korea Times/Yonhap) S-Oil, Korea's third-largest refiner by sales, said Sunday (September 1, 2024) it has begun to supply sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) for Korean Air's regular route to Japan.  It is the first time for a local refiner to supply domestically produced

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Haffner Energy and IðunnH2 Sign a Key Agreement to Reduce Costs and Secure Carbon Supply for Iceland’s Largest e-SAF Project

(Haffner Energy) Haffner Energy, a leading biomass-to-clean fuels solutions provider, and IðunnH2, a green hydrogen developer, have signed an agreement aimed at integrating Haffner Energy’s unique technology in the 65,000 tonnes/year e-SAF facility under development by IðunnH2. The project is located

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Training: Introduction to Alternative Fuels and Technologies --- various dates --- various locations and ONLINE

(Lloyd's Register) Course summary: The IMO Decarbonisation program focusing on Zero Emissions as well as the European Green Deal have many options. Making a sustainable choice is dependent on many factors in novel technologies without the advantage of previous experience and /

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Fuel for Thought: Biofuel Report

(Lloyd's Register)  In this report in our Fuel for thought series, we evaluate Biofuel. We will explore the current status of biofuel as a clean fuel, including any safety considerations, drivers for adoption, production and supply chain, and technology readiness. We will

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A National Biofuels Feedstock Strategy to Give Flight to Aviation’s Net-Zero Ambitions

(GrainGrowers) Representatives from across Australia's agriculture and fuel supply chain have urged the Federal Government to immediately initiate a national low-carbon liquid fuel feedstock strategy to give effect to the ambitious agenda outlined in the Federal Government Aviation White Paper released

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ICIG Purchases Bioethanol Plant from Clariant in Romania, Strengthening Its Biotechnology Business

(International Chemical Investors Group)  International Chemical Investors Group (ICIG) has signed an agreement with Clariant to purchase the decommissioned bioethanol plant in Podari, Romania. In the future, the site will be operated by ICIG’s biotechnology subsidiary Corden BioChem. As a biotechnology CDMO,

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Iberia Maintenance Begins to Use Sustainable Aviation Fuel in Its Engine Test Benches

(Cepsa)  - Cepsa will market sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), produced in its Huelva Energy Park from organic waste and used cooking oils.  - This milestone, which will save 115 tonnes of CO2 per year, reinforces the objectives of both companies for the

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to LanzaTech, the Investment Perspective

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  A handful of industrial biotechnology companies have the strength and purpose to make it as a public company — others remain private, are acquired, or wind down. What makes companies able to succeed with public investors?

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QUOTE OF THE WEEK --- Mark Niederschulte

... we have people that have dedicated their life’s work life to seeing this technology be successful. It’s more than a job, it’s kind of a calling. ... here are the parameters we like to operate in. And if you go

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They Might Be Giants, the Story of Syngas Fermentation

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ...  They called it “the technology that dare not speak its name” because it was too crazy risky, when they did not call it “the technology that could not scale” between the guffaws in many board

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Federal bp Grant Enables Biomass-to-SAF Production in Washington

(Bioenergy Insight)  bp America's Cherry Point Refinery in Blaine in Washington State will receive a federal grant of $26,763,504 to build infrastructure and buy equipment to allow it to produce sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) for the first time, using renewable

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Albania Targets 7% Renewable Fuels in Transportation by 2030 Public Comments DEADLINE September 23, 2024

by Genta Hodo (See News)  Albania’s energy ministry said on Monday it has launched a public consultation for a new EU-aligned regulation aiming to boost the share of biofuels and other renewable fuels in the country's transportation sector to 1% by

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Toyota, BMW to Expand Fuel Cell Vehicle Tie-up in Hydrogen Push

(Kyodo News) Toyota Motor Corp. and BMW AG will expand their tie-up in operations of fuel cell vehicles, sources familiar with the matter said Tuesday, in a bid to increase the competitiveness of their hydrogen-powered cars. Under the deeper partnership due to

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EBRD Supports First Renewable Hydrogen Project in Central Asia

by Anton Usov (European Bank for Reconstruction and Development) EBRD to finance the first renewable hydrogen facility in Central Asia; Financing to help decarbonise Uzbekistan’s fertiliser production and power generation sectors; Support by Canada and Japan  --  The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) is helping

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to the BOTTLE Consortium

Why should DOE work on plastics circularity? For one, ~2-3% of total energy consumption in the US is used to manufacture plastics, resins, and synthetic rubber. Also, plastic production generates ~3.8% of global GHGs. Finally, plastic production uses ~6% of

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Bridging the Gap: Overcoming the ‘Failure to Launch’ in Technology Ventures

by Cynthia Thyfault (QuantaVision/Biofuels Digest)  Many promising ventures face a daunting challenge: translating groundbreaking technology into market success. This challenge isn’t merely a matter of technical prowess but often a strategic one. Much like the generals of today who mastered the

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Professor Sarah Davis Advances Biofuels Research

(Ohio University)  In the race to find alternatives to oil and gas, the adoption of biofuels has been more deliberate than other renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind, that are less suited for liquid fuel substitutes. But now,

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Zimbabwe Enforces Ethanol Blending, Bans Unleaded Petrol

by Costa Nkomo (The Zimbabwean) ... Mazambani noted that private players, aside from NOIC, had exploited legal loopholes to import unleaded petrol by road, bypassing the pipeline and undermining the ethanol blending initiative. “People began importing petrol by road and blending it

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GAFT Secures $S1 Million Funding from Temasek Foundation by Winning the Liveability Challenge 2024

(GAFT)  GAFT has emerged as the grand prize winner of The Liveability Challenge 2024, triumphing in the Climate Change track. This remarkable achievement secures us a phenomenal S$1 million in funding!   This funding allows us to showcase our process to produce fatty acids

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ZeroAvia Attracts further Support from American and New Investment from Japan’s ITOCHU

by Tony Harrington (GreenAir News) Hydrogen propulsion developer ZeroAvia has secured additional investment funding from American Airlines and new backing from Japanese industrialist ITOCHU Corporation, as it progresses plans to certificate its entry-level hydrogen-electric powertrains in 2025. American upped its stake

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South Africa Could Produce up to 4.5bn Litres of SAF Annually as IATA Urges Development Priority

by Tony Harrington (GreenAir News)  The International Air Transport Association (IATA) has urged South Africa’s new government to prioritise the development of sustainable aviation fuel to help meet surging global demand from airlines, while also creating a significant new economic driver

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New Investment Funds Clear Sky and SAFFA Target Sustainable Aviation Financing

by Tony Harrington (GreenAir)  Two new global investment funds focused on sustainable aviation – one backed by Airbus, the other by Boeing – have announced their first projects as concerns deepen across the air transport sector about a lack of capital

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Renewable Feedstock Pretreatment: The Key to Refinery Flexibility --- September 19, 2024 --- ONLINE

Renewable energy—including biofuels such as renewable diesel (RD) and sustainable aviation fuel (SAF)—is at the center of the conversation around reducing emissions worldwide. Global production of biofuels is expected to grow 43 billion liters by 2028, largely driven by regulations

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China’s EcoCeres Signs European SAF Storage Deal with Evos, While Holborn Selects Topsoe for German SAF

by Tony Harrington (GreenAir)  EcoCeres has partnered with Evos, a major liquids and chemical storage group, to increase supplies of sustainable aviation fuel in Europe. Hong Kong-based renewable fuels producer EcoCeres has just shipped from China 10 million litres of sustainable

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Aircraft Lessor SMBC Says Next Generation Jets at Least a Decade Away, Stressing Importance of SAF

by Tony Harrington (Green Air)  Global commercial aircraft lessor SMBC Aviation Capital predicts it will be at least a decade before the next generation of all-new airliners enter commercial service. The company says new concepts will need to be at least

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Minnesota Provides Funds to Expand Biofuel Availability Application DEADLINE October 30, 2024

by Bill Dubensky (KNOX)  Minnesota has new funding to expand biofuel availability across Minnesota. The Minnesota Department of Agriculture (MDA) is currently seeking grant applications from gas stations looking to expand their selection of motor fuel blends containing at least 15%

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cellulosic diesel Cellulosic ethanol cellulosic ethanol price cellulosic feedstock cellulosic production tax credit cellulosic sugars Cellulosic Tax Credit cellulosic waiver credit cement Central African Republic Central America Certificate Program Certificates of Origin (COs) certification certification fuels cesium cetane Chad change in soil condition charging stations CHCJ-5 chemical-looping hydrogen method Chesapeake Bay chicken feathers chickens Chile Chili China chitin chp chromium chufa/cyperus esculents/nutsedge CIA circular economy citrus citrus greening disease Citrus Peel clean air Clean Air Act (CAA) clean diesel Clean Fuel Standard/Policy (CFS) Clean Heat Standards Clean Power Plan (CPP) Clean Trucks Plan Clean Water Act climate change Climate Change Adaptation climate change effects climate change mitigation climate legislation climate smart/conservation agriculture closed-loop system Clostridium thermocellum cloud point clover cmelina CNG Conversion kit co co-generation co-location Co-op Extension co-operative co-processing co-products CO2 Electrolysis CO2 neutral fuels CO2Removal Certificates (CORCs) coal Coal and Biomass to Liquid (CBTL) Coast Guard coastal habitat conservation coastal hay cobalt cock's foot coco coco methyl ester (CME) cocoa Coconut coffee coffee cherries coffee grounds coffee pulp cold flow cold-tolerance college/university Colombia Colorado combined heat and power (CHP) Comment Request commercial flights commercialization commissioning commo Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) commodity trading common reed Community activity community college Community involvement/engagement community scale Community Wood Energy Program competition compliance compliance credits compost Compressed Natural Gas (CNG/R-CNG/bioCNG) compression ratios compression-ignition engine computer simulation concrete condensate Congo Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Connecticut Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP) construction and demolition waste/debris consumer education contamination contest contrails conversion technology Cook Islands cook stoves cooking fuel cooperatives COP21 COP22 COP23 COP24 COP25 COP26 COP27 COP28 COP29 COP30 copper coppice cordgrass corn bran Corn cobs corn ethanol corn fiber corn growers corn harvest corn kernel corn meal corn oil corn oil/distillers corn oil (DCO) corn prices corn stalks corn stover corn supply corn surplus corn syrup corn-based products corn/maize Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards corporate social responsibility corrosion corruption CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) cosmetics Costa Rica cotton cotton seed hulls cotton seed oil cotton stalk cottonwood Council on Environmental Quality county cover crops cow rumen cracking Crambe crassulacean acid metabolism plants (CAM) crimes criteria pollutants Croatia crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude oil Cuba cup plant cuphea currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cusi cutworm caterpillars cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) cylindro Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs d-5 D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D20 (20%DME) D5 (5%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA date kernel oil date palm date palm pits date palm waste Dates DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act deficit definitions deforestation defossilization Dehydration Delaware DeltaWing demonstration demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify density Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security Department of Justice Department of Labor Department of the Interior Department of Transportation (DOT) depolymerization depots dextrose dfdsffsfdfsf diatoms diesel Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) diesel fuel blendstock diesel prices Diesel R5 diesel with renewables diesel-range hydrocarbons diesel-to-biodiesel conversion diethyl ether digital Digital Biology diisobutylene (DIB) dilute acid hydrolysis pretreatment DIN 51605 DIN EN 15376 (Ethanol blending component) direct air capture direct injection direct ocean capture Direct Sugar to Hydrocarbon Conversion (DSHC) direct-to-fuel directed evolution dispense distillates distillation distilled biodiesel distilled palm methyl ester (DPME) distilleries distributed/centralized distribution distribution capacity distribution waiver diversification divestment DME/rDME (dimethyl ether)/renewable DME DMF (2.5-dimethylfuran) Dominican Republic double cropping drawdown Drones/Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) drop-in biofuels/hydrocarbons drought drought tolerant drought-resistant dry ice dual cropping Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E100 E100 conversion kit E11 E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E2 E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E3 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E70 diesel E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency egg shell Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric Vehicle (EV) Prices electric grid electricity electricity price electricity/power generation electricity/power transmission electrocatalysis electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels (e-fuels) electrofuels (e-fuels) prices electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) electrons Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants embargo eminent domain emissions emissions standards EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 EN 228 EN 590 EN228 (standard pump gasoline) end user end-of-life Endangered Species Act (ESA) Energy Bill energy cane energy consumption energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy prices energy reserves Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine Development engine problems Engine/Fuel Co-optimization engineering England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment environmental impact study (EIS) environmental justice/socially inclusive environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Environmentalists Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic depolymerization enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling Enzyme solicitation enzymes EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) Equatorial Guinea equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) etha ethane ethanol ethanol benefits ethanol blend wall ethanol blended diesel ED ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol emissions ethanol ether diesel fuel ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol to gas ethanol tolerance ethanol-fueled aircraft Ethanol-to-Gasoline (ETG) ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/diesel ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethyl levulinate (EL) ethylbenzene ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order executive order--state Extended Range Electric Vehicle (EREV) externalities extremophiles f F Factor F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farmers farming farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation Feedstocks fermentation ferry fertilizer fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) Fischer-Tropsch/FT fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources Forest Service forestry forklifts Formate formic acid fossil carbon fossil fuel Frace fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud free fatty acids (FFA) Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon gallium Gambia games gas prices gas tax/highway user fee gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gasoline-range hydrocarbons Gemany General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Gerrmany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) Intensity giant cane giant kelp Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect Global South global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grain sorghum/milo grain speculators grains GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery green/black economy Greenland GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Guinea Bissau Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP gypsum h Haiti Halophytes harvest site processing harvesting Hawai'i hay hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ HDO-SAK (hydro deoxygenated synthetic aromatic kerosene) health health benefits health effects heat of combustion heat of vaporization heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) high octane low carbon (HOLC) fuel High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 HVO20 HVO30 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrid ships hybrids hydrocarbon fuels Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydroformylation hydrogen aircraft hydrogen carrier hydrogen combustion engines hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen leaks hydrogen pipeline hydrogen price hydrogen pumps/fueling stations hydrogen tax credit hydrogen terminal Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Price hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogenolysis hydropower Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal gasification hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois Illiois illuppai ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indian beech tree Indian grass Indiana indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial burners industrial ethanol industrial gases industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated biorefineries integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine (ICE) internal combustion engine (ICE)/gasoline engine ban International international balance of payments International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Sustainability and Carbon Certification model(ISCC) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit Invvesting ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron iron oxide IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isobutylene isomerisation isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica jamelão Japan jatobá Jatropha Jersey Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 jet B Jetfuel (Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs Joint Office of Energy and Transportation jojoba Jordan JP-10 JP-4 JP-5/NATO F-44 JP-8/NATO F-34 juniper Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kalanchoe kamani Kans grass Kansas Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati knotweed Knowledge Discovery Framework Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kulpa kusum Kuwait Kygryzstan labels labor policy Labrador lactic acid lactose Lake County lamp oil land ownership land prices land rights land subsidence land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy landfill methane Landfills landscape Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead Leadtree leaf ant Lebanon lecithin legislation Legislation-Federal Legislation-State lemna lend-lease Lesotho lesquerella leucaena levulinic acid Liberia Libya licensing lichens life cycle analysis (LCA) light rail lignin Lignin Ethanol Oil (LEO) Lignocellulosic Biofuel lignocellulosic sugars lime Lipid liquefaction liquid liquid petroleum gas (LPG) liquid transportation fuels liquidation Liquified Biogas (LBG) Liquified Biogas (LBG) pumps liquified biomethane (LBM) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logistics long-term contracts Louis Louisiana low c low carbon emissions low carbon octane standard (LCOS) Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel low sulfur fuel low sulfur marine fuel lubricants lumber mill Luxembourg lysis M100 M15 M3 M50 ma macadamia macauba Macedonia machine learning machinery macororo Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona management changes mandates mangaba 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microwave Mid-Atlantic Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military reserves military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels milk permeate millennium fruit millet millettia pinnata milo stover mineralization minerals mining Minn Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold molinia molybdenum MON (Motor Octane Number) Monaco Mongolia mongongo monitoring/measuring reporting verifiction (MRV) Montana Montenegro moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles motors MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES2014 MOVES3 (MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator model) Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed mvr Myanmar n-butanol n-butene nahar Namibia nano nano particles nanocatalysts nanocellulose nanomaterials 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Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New South Wales New York New Zealand Newfoundland Newfoundland and Labrador next generation biofuels next generation vehicles NHRA drag racing Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrogen starvation nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota North Korea Northeast northern catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory Northwest Territories Norwary Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds nuclear Nunavut nut shells nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition oak oat hulls oat straw oats Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) Office of Science Technology and Policy (OSTP) Offices of Inspector Generals offtake agreements Ohio oil oil embargo oil exploration oil monopoly oil p oil price parity oil prices oil production oil refineries oil replacement oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil speculators oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes oil/gas terminals Oils Oklahoma olefins oligomerization olive cake olive oil olive pits olive pomace olive water olives Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm ammonia production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing on-site hydrogen production one p one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontaio Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) open fuel standard open pond opportunity zones optimized flex fuel vehicles orange peel orchard grass orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) osage orange OSHA Overseas Private Investment Corporation overview overview/survey course owa oxygen oxygenate ozone Pakistan Palau palm palm biomass palm fatty acid distillate palm fiber palm fronds palm kernel palm kernel oil palm kernel shell palm oil Palm Oil Methyl Ester (PME) palm oil mill effluent (POME) palm oil prices palm trunk sap palm waste Paludiculture/peatland cultivation Panama pandas panic grass papaya paper Papua Indonesia Papua New Guinea paraffins Paraguay Paris Agreement parity partial waiver particulates pasture land Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) patents pathways Paulownia paulownia tree payments peach shell peaches peak oil peak oil demand peanuts/groundnuts peas pectin peela kaner pellet pellets Pennsylvania pennycress/stinkweed pentane pentanol pentose pequi perennial grains perennial grasses Performance permitting Peru pest-tolerance pesticide-tolerance pests pet food petition petroleum pharmaceuticals phase separation Philippines phosphorus photobioreactor photoelectrocatalysis photoelectrochemical photolysis photosynthesis phragmites 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(Research Octane Number) rosin rotation crops Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials (RSB) royalties RP-1 RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber rubber seeds rumen ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Rural Renewable Energy Pilot Program rushes Russia Russian olive rutabaga Rwanda ry rye Rye grass rye straw s saccharification SAF pipeline SAF10 SAF30 SAF40 Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower sago pond weed SAIC sal tree Salicornia salt water salt-tolerant saltbush saltcedar Samoa Sanctions Santa Monica sardine oil Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Advisory Board (SAB) Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) Science Policy scooters Scotland scum sea level rise seaports seashore mallow seawater seaweed cultivation Seaweed/Macroalgae second-generation biofuel income tax credit Section 526 Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) seed 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