by Natasha Lasky (Our Daily Planet) A new report, published Wednesday found that the world’s largest commercial and investment banks have altogether put $3.8 trillion into fossil fuels from 2016 to 2020. This report — a collaboration between the Rainforest Action Network, Bank Track, Indigenous Environmental Network, Oil Change International, Reclaim Finance, and Sierra Club —found that fossil fuel financing has increased precipitously in the years since the Paris Agreement was signed.
Why This Matters: As the Guardian explained, 17 of the 60 banks assessed for this study had made net-zero by 2050 commitments, yet the report describes the pledges as “dangerously weak, half-baked, or vague”, arguing that action is needed today. And while some of the banks have policies against financing coal, almost two-thirds of funding is for oil and gas companies.
Banks are enabling fossil fuel companies to keep expanding their operations, despite the lip service of a “green recovery” from the pandemic.
...
But this report suggests that banks are the lifeline of fossil fuel companies and their capital ensures that fossil fuels won’t be left in the ground. Lorne Stockman, a Senior Research Analyst at Oil Change International, one of the organizations authoring the report, said: “This report serves as a reality check for banks that think that vague ‘net-zero’ goals are enough to stop the climate crisis. Our future goes where the money flows, and in 2020 these banks have ploughed billions into locking us into further climate chaos.” READ MORE
New Report: World’s 60 Largest Banks Have Poured $3.8 Trillion Into Fossil Fuels Since Paris Agreement; Climate Groups Sound Alarm as Financing for Fossil Fuel Expansion Continues to Rise (Rainforest Action Network)
Banking on Climate Chaos 2021 (Rainforest Action Network)
DEVELOPMENT BANKS SHIFT GREENWARD: (Politico's Morning Energy)
Accountant Shell: impact of climate risk and energy transition is 'key audit matter' (Accountant (Google translation))
G-7 environment ministers target fossil fuel funding (E&E News)
State Treasurers Threaten to Pull Assets Out of Banks that Divest from Fossil Fuels (Our Daily Planet)
BANKING ON GREEN: (Politico's Morning Energy)
U.S. Treasury's Yellen to push development banks to step up climate financing effort (Reuters)
JPMorgan Joins Net-Zero Bank Alliance With Emissions Pledge (Bloomberg)
JPMorgan Pledges to Cut Carbon Emissions in Lending Portfolios (Bloomberg)
Wall Street Is Close to Triggering a Climate Financial Crisis (Bloomberg Quint)
Wall Street's Carbon Bubble: New Report Sheds Light on Global Emissions of the US Financial Sector (Center for American Progress)
Wall Street's Carbon Bubble (Sierra Club)
New Report: US banks and investors responsible for roughly the emissions of Russia (Sierra Club)
SWISS RE DROPS POLLUTER INSURANCE: (Politico's Morning Energy)
Banks undermine their 'net zero' pledges through lobbying - report (Reuters)
New Report: Despite ‘Net Zero’ Rhetoric, World’s Biggest Banks Continued to Pour Billions into Fossil Fuel Expansion in 2021 (PriceOfOil.org)
The World Bank Is Still Pumping Billions into Fossil Fuels (World War Zero; includes VIDEOs)
Excerpt from Politico's Morning Energy: DEVELOPMENT BANKS SHIFT GREENWARD: The nine major multilateral development banks appear to be switching away from financing fossil fuel projects, with at least $12 billion directed toward clean energy and only $3 billion to fossil fuels, according to Energy Policy Tracker analysis released today.
Overall, project finance spending on fossil fuels in 2018-2020 fell by 40 percent compared to in 2015 to 2017. But not all banks are switching at the same pace: The European Investment Bank spent almost nine times as much on clean energy funding as on fossil fuels, while the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development increased its funding for fossil fuel projects. Read the full analysis here. READ MORE
Excerpt from Our Daily Planet: Fifteen Republican state treasurers are now threatening to pull hundreds of billions of dollars worth of assets from large financial institutions if they move forward decarbonizing their portfolios per a letter they wrote to Climate Envoy John Kerry. Supporters of the move say that cutting off the fossil fuel industry will cripple the economy, but financial leaders say that climate change is a more significant threat to the economy than divestment.
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Last week, President Biden issued an executive order urging the Treasury Department and other agencies to evaluate the threat of climate change to the U.S. financial system. Climate envoy John Kerry is urging banks to make significant investment changes and many are taking the new role seriously. In January, BlackRock CEO Larry Fink called on the world’s investment banks to adapt to climate change or die. But these Treasurers’ efforts could delay crucial divestment and emissions cuts.
Hostage Situation
The U.S. has not yet placed any restrictions on financiers’ investments in fossil fuel investments. The State Department says that the banks themselves purely decide any moves to divest. “At no point has Secretary Kerry pressured financial institutions into making commitments; on the contrary, many financial institutions have reached out to (Kerry) to initiate conversations regarding the financial risks and potential opportunities related to climate change,” said one department spokesperson. But many state Treasurers feel that the Biden administration is strong-arming the banks, writing, “we intend to put banks and financial institutions on notice of our position, as we urge them not to give in to pressure from the Biden administration.”
“We intend to put banks and financial institutions on notice of our position, as we urge them not to give in to pressure from the Biden administration to refuse to lend to or invest in coal, oil, and natural gas companies,” wrote the state treasurers. The state officials who signed the letter manage more than $600 billion in state treasuries, pension funds, and other government accounts. This funding is significant and can contribute to some banks’ biggest accounts. West Virginia State Treasurer Riley Moore called the movement to decarbonize financial portfolios “a matter of life and death for my people” and said that losing financial investments would leave WV’s economy stranded with no plan for recovery.
But that isn’t written in stone. Some states have already begun to make significant efforts to transition to green energy. In Pennsylvania, officials have pushed for mine land cleanup and reclamation. In Colorado, fossil fuel companies and renewable energy companies are working together to transition former coal and oil communities to a new green economy. The same banks divesting from fossil fuels are also investing more and more into green energy. Still, if Republican officials in states like West Virginia don’t take advantage of banks’ clean energy investment opportunities, it could be a self-fulfilling prophecy. READ MORE
Excerpt from Poltico's Morning Energy: BANKING ON GREEN: Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen plans to push multinational development banks away from financing fossil fuel projects and “increase their climate ambition,” she said at a news conference Sunday. "As leading sources of official finance, the MDBs need to maximize the catalytic impact of their support for countries seeking to confront a changing climate, and to harness the economic opportunities embedded in the transition to a low-carbon economy."
Yellen urged MDBs to focus more on mobilizing private investments in sustainable and climate-focused projects in the developing world. She plans to gather the heads of MDBs to make her case to get their portfolios in line with the Paris climate agreement. Reuters has more.
Related: The European Central Bank announced last week that it's implementing a plan to incorporate climate change considerations more in its decision making. Our colleagues in Europe have more. READ MORE
Excerpt from Bloomberg Quint: “Wall Street’s toxic fossil-fuel investments threaten the future of our planet and the stability of our financial system and put all of us, especially our most vulnerable communities, at risk,” said Ben Cushing, manager of the Sierra Club’s Fossil-Free Finance campaign. “Regulators can no longer ignore Wall Street’s staggering contribution to the climate crisis.”
...
According to authors of the new report, entitled “Wall Street’s Carbon Bubble,” Biden has to go after banks and investment firms, too. “Disclosure is an essential and foundational step in mitigating market risk,” the 24-page report states. “However, disclosure alone isn’t enough and must be paired with prudential regulation.” To mitigate climate-related financial risks posed by Wall Street’s exposure to high carbon-emitting industries, the report states that regulators including the Securities and Exchange Commission and Labor Department should at least take the following steps:
- Require all financial institutions disclose all emissions embedded in their portfolios and attributable to businesses for whom they provide services.
- Ensure that investment fiduciaries keep their commitments to clients and the public, including those related to how they invest and vote their shares.
- Incorporate climate risk into the supervisory ratings they assign to banks.
- Administer climate-related stress tests to identify the banks’ potential losses from climate change (Moody’s Investors Service estimates that banks globally have $22 trillion of exposure to carbon-intensive industries).
- Require that banks fund riskier investments with more equity capital and less debt.
- Implement climate-risk surcharges on “global systemically important banks.”
- Adjust deposit insurance premiums to reflect climate-related risks.
- Proactively address racial and economic justice issues that intersect with such climate-risk related reforms.
Who is behind all that CO2 in the sky, and perhaps the next financial crisis?
JPMorgan Chase & Co., Citigroup Inc., Wells Fargo & Co. and Bank of America Corp. have been the largest providers of funding to the fossil-fuel industry. Together, the eight banks in the report financed an estimated 668 million metric tons of C02 equivalent (equal to 145 million passenger vehicles driven for one year) through the $5.3 trillion of credit exposure assessed by the researchers.
The 10 asset managers’ activities led to 1.3 billion tons of CO2-equivalent, or 287 million passenger vehicles.
Continued unfettered emissions supported by the financial industry mean deadly wildfires, droughts, heat waves, hurricanes, floods and other extreme weather events will only become worse, and “efforts to mitigate emissions will only become more challenging and costly,” according to the report.
Ironically, the financial sector is just as much at risk from the very emissions that it’s funding, since the ripple effects of a warming planet could lead to catastrophic losses for the global capital markets. READ MORE
Excerpt from Reuters: Thirty of the world's largest financial institutions are undermining their commitment to cutting carbon emissions by lobbying against climate regulation and by funding new fossil fuel projects, according to a report published on Friday.
The report, from London-based energy and climate think-tank InfluenceMap, found that all 30 institutions are members of industry associations "that have consistently lobbied to weaken key sustainable finance policies" in the European Union, Britain and the United States.
These policies are designed to boost transparency around financing environmentally harmful activities including fossil fuels.
One well-known activist investor and climate campaigner said the behaviour amounted to "greenwashing".
...
Those that are members of the United Nations-convened Net Zero Banking Alliance, which includes global banks such as JPMorgan (JPM.N), Deutsche Bank (DBKGn.DE) and HSBC (HSBA.L), have also begun to announce specific targets for lowering their financed emissions in industries such as oil and gas by 2030.
...
InfluenceMap said that though many banks have committed to substantial decarbonisation targets, few have adopted "meaningful fossil fuel exclusion policies". READ MORE
Excerpt from Grist: To cut through the confusion, InfluenceMap used two methods for its analysis. It evaluated whether financial institutions’ governance, strategies, risk management, and targets were in line with guidelines from the Task Force for Financial Disclosures, an organization formed to develop a consistent disclosure system for the industry. It also used an established method called PACTA to evaluate financial disclosures and generate scores for how well each bank’s financing activities align with the Paris Agreement. Every bank assessed received negative scores indicating misalignment with the treaty’s aim of limiting warming to well below 2 degrees Celsius.
...
One possible explanation for the disconnect between pledges and action is that most banks’ pledges are still relatively new, and the industry is still figuring out what aligning their portfolios with climate goals actually entails. While 29 of the 30 companies have committed to align their lending and investment portfolios with a transition to a net-zero economy by 2050, many of those pledges were made as recently as November 2021 during the United Nations climate summit in Glasgow.
But Eden Coates, the lead author of the report and a senior analyst at InfluenceMap, told Grist that several of these financial institutions announced net zero ambitions in 2020, like Barclays and J.P. Morgan. Others, like French bank BNP Paribas, pledged to align their portfolios with the Paris Agreement years earlier.
...
“If they are serious about net zero, you’d also expect them to lobby in favor of sustainable finance policies designed to help the sector make that transition,” said Coates. “And yet, these institutions continue to be members of industry groups which have a long history of blocking climate action.” READ MORE
Excerpt from PriceOfOil.org: Annual Banking on Climate Chaos report follows the money and details massive bank support for the world’s worst climate-destroying corporations -- Released today (March 30, 2022), the 13th annual Banking on Climate Chaos report, the most comprehensive global analysis on fossil fuel banking to date, underscores the stark disparity between public climate commitments being made by the world’s largest banks, versus the reality of their largely business-as-usual financing to the fossil fuel industry.
The report documents that in the six years since the Paris Agreement was adopted, the world’s 60 largest private banks financed fossil fuels with USD $4.6 trillion, with $742 billion in 2021 alone. 2021 fossil fuel financing numbers remained above 2016 levels, when the Paris Agreement was signed. Of particular significance is the revelation that the 60 banks profiled in the report funneled $185.5 billion just last year into the 100 companies doing the most to expand the fossil fuel sector.
Banking on Climate Chaos was authored by Oil Change International, BankTrack, Indigenous Environmental Network, Rainforest Action Network, Reclaim Finance, Sierra Club, and Urgewald, and is endorsed by over 500 organizations from more than 50 countries around the world.
The report shows that overall fossil fuel financing remains dominated by four U.S. banks, with JPMorgan Chase, Citi, Wells Fargo, and Bank of America together accounting for one quarter of all fossil fuel financing identified over the last six years. JPMorgan Chase remains the world’s worst funder of climate chaos, while JPMorgan Chase, Wells Fargo, Mizuho, MUFG, and all five Canadian banks were among those that increased their fossil financing from 2020 to 2021. As global oil and gas markets are rocked by Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, the data reveal JPMorgan Chase to be the biggest banker covered in this report for Russian state energy giant Gazprom, both in terms of 2016-2021 totals and when looking only at last year. JPMorgan Chase provided Gazprom with $1.1 billion in fossil fuel financing in 2021.
The report includes a timeline that lays out how banks that joined the Net-Zero Banking Alliance (NZBA, part of the Glasgow Financial Alliance for Net Zero) last year simultaneously financed some of the most egregious oil and gas expansion companies, potentially helping to lock the planet into decades of climate-warming emissions. Immediately following the April 2021 launch of the NZBA, many signatory and soon-to-be-signatory banks engaged in huge transactions completely counter to achieving “net zero,” including: May 2021: $10B to Saudi Aramco (Citi, JPMorgan Chase), $1.5B to Abu Dhabi National Oil Co. (Citi); June 2021: $12.5B to QatarEnergy (Citi, JPMorgan Chase, Bank of America, Goldman Sachs); August 2021: $10B to ExxonMobil (Citi, JPMorgan Chase, Bank of America, Morgan Stanley). Out of the 44 banks in this report currently committed to net-zero financed emissions by 2050, 28 still don’t have a meaningful no-expansion policy for any part of the fossil fuel industry.
The world’s leading climate scientists have concluded that existing reserves of fossil fuels contain more than enough carbon pollution to break our remaining ‘carbon budget’ and thrust the world past 2 degrees Celsius of warming — let alone the 1.5 degree aspirations of the Paris Agreement — and the climate catastrophe that entails.
The new Global Oil and Gas Exit List exposes the fact that upstream oil and gas expansion is remarkably concentrated: the top 20 companies are responsible for more than half of fossil fuel development and exploration. Today’s report shows that bank support for those companies is also remarkably concentrated: the top 10 bankers of those top 20 companies are responsible for 63% of the companies’ big-bank financing since Paris. Each of those top ten bankers is formally committed to net zero by 2050: JPMorgan Chase, Citi, Bank of America, BNP Paribas, HSBC, Barclays, Morgan Stanley, Goldman Sachs, Crédit Agricole, Société Générale.
Fossil Fuel Sector Trends:
Alarmingly, tar sands saw a 51% increase in financing from 2020-2021 to $23.3 billion, with the biggest jump coming from Canadian banks RBC and TD, with JPMorgan Chase still a major player. Fracking saw $62.1 billion in financing last year, dominated by North American banks with Wells Fargo at the top. JPMorgan Chase, SMBC Group, and Intesa Sanpaolo were the top bankers of Arctic oil and gas last year, with $8.2 billion in funding to the sector in 2021. Morgan Stanley, RBC, and Goldman Sachs were 2021’s worst bankers of LNG, a sector that is looking to banks to help push through a slate of enormous infrastructure projects. Big banks funneled $52.9 billion into offshore oil and gas last year, with U.S. banks Citi and JPMorgan Chase providing the most in 2021. Coal mining financing is led by the Chinese banks, with China Everbright Bank and China CITIC Bank as the worst in 2021. Big banks overall provided $17.4 billion to the sector last year.
In the next two months, all six Wall Street banks are expected to face shareholder resolutions calling on them to stop financing fossil fuel expansion and otherwise truly align their business practices with limiting global warming to 1.5°C.
David Tong, Global Industry Campaign Manager at Oil Change International, said:
“It is past time to stop financing fossils. Oil, gas, and coal companies will not manage their own decline. The simple reality is that the fundamental arithmetic of 1.5ºC requires oil and gas production to decline by at least 3-4% per year, starting now. But no major oil and gas company has committed to ending expansion, and banks around the world continue to pour billions into fossil fuels. That must stop now. If the banks’ responses to the climate crisis are to be taken seriously, they must commit to ending finance for fossil fuels.”
Maaike Beenes, Campaign lead Banks and Climate at BankTrack, said:
“Climate science has made it inescapably clear that there can be no expansion of fossil fuels if we are to limit global warming to 1.5? C. But banks have continued to fund companies planning to open up new fossil fuel frontiers, including by financing disastrous projects like the East African Crude Oil Pipeline, expansion of fracking in Argentina’s Vaca Muerta and the expansion of the Trans Mountain tar sands pipeline. Any serious ‘Net Zero by 2050’ commitment must also mean excluding all fossil fuel expansion projects and companies from financing.”
Mea Johnson, Divestment Campaign Coordinator, Indigenous Environmental Network, said:
“These banks are funding climate chaos by financing fossil fuel extraction to the tune of $742 billion in 2021 alone. Indigenous peoples have long been leading the fight for the sacredness of the land, water and Earth. Mother Earth has always given us what we need to thrive. We will not back down until our natural balance is restored and anyone helping fund the extractive destruction of our communities will be held accountable.”
Alison Kirsch, Research and Policy Manager at Rainforest Action Network, said:
“Any further expansion of fossil fuels risks locking humanity into generations of climate catastrophe, yet the top fossil clients of the world’s largest banks are still being showered with tens of billions of dollars even as they actively expand drilling, mining, fracking and other fossil fuel development unabated. With Wall Street banks leading the charge, these financial institutions are directly complicit in undermining a climate stable future for us all and must immediately end their support of any further fossil fuel infrastructure expansion.”
Lucie Pinson, Director at Reclaim Finance, said:
“The data is clear: despite their net zero pledges and restrictions on fossil fuel financing, French banks BNP Paribas, Crédit Agricole, Société Générale and Natixis are still massively supporting oil and gas expansion, at odds with what climate science requires. No surprises there: as recently revealed by the Oil and Gas Policy Tracker, the many flaws in their oil and gas policies enable the banks to support major expansionists such as Gazprom, TotalEnergies, Saudi Aramco and BP despite their toxic fossil fuel plans. The war on Ukraine is another stark reminder that oil and gas are at the root of both war and climate change. It’s high time banks close the policy gaps and turn off the taps.”
Adele Shraiman, campaign representative for the Sierra Club‘s Fossil-Free Finance campaign, said:
“Despite their splashy climate pledges, big banks have largely continued with business-as-usual and actually increased their overall fossil fuel financing since the Paris Agreement. This report makes it clear that banks must clean up their act and stop funding the expansion of dirty fossil fuel projects like fracked gas exports, tar sands pipelines, and offshore drilling in order to align with what the science demands and what their own commitments require. As we look ahead to shareholder season, we’ll be keeping up the pressure on the banks and their investors to take these critical reforms seriously and stop bankrolling the fossil fuel industry’s reckless expansion plans.”
Katrin Ganswindt, Head of Finance Research at Urgewald, said:
“On top of unleashing climate chaos around the globe, our continued reliance on fossil fuels is propping up some of the world’s most heinous political regimes. Russia is waging a brutal war on Ukraine where it treats civilians as legitimate military targets. Saudi Arabia still maintains its violent stranglehold on Yemen, and at home, it put 81 men to death by beheading in a single day. Yet the rest of the world turns a blind eye and keeps sending such oppressive regimes bloody fossil fuel checks. We desperately need to direct global financial flows away from destructive fossil fuels and the cruel and corrupt governments that weaponize them against our environment and ourselves.” READ MORE
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