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Energy Ministry Accentuates Importance of Expediting SAF Development

(Antara)   The Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources highlighted the need to accelerate the development of sustainable aviation fuels (SAF) in the country, given their potential. "The roadmap for SAF for aircraft has been issued by the Coordinating Ministry of Maritime Affairs

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Analysis of the Potential for Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) Production from Colombian Agro-Industrial Residues

by Mauricio López, Sergio Leonb, Sergio Rocha, Johan Saenz, Santiago Rincon, Vladimir Silva, John Posada, Oscar Alvarez (Chemical Engineering Transactions) This study assesses the economic and environmental implications of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) production using Alcohol-to-Jet (ATJ) and Gasification Fischer-Tropsch (GFT) technologies,

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US to Fund Lower-Emission Fertilizer with Eye to Greener Ethanol

by Leah Douglas (Reuters) The U.S. Department of Energy plans to spend $36 million on technologies to lower emissions from applying synthetic nitrogen fertilizer to corn and sorghum used in ethanol production, the agency said Thursday. The money would support projects that reduce

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U.S. Renewable Diesel Production Growth Drastically Impacts Global Feedstock Trade

(U.S. Department of Agriculture) During the past few years, the landscape for U.S. renewable diesel production has drastically changed, akin to the growth of ethanol and biodiesel during the past two decades. Driven by federal and state policies aimed at reducing

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Decarbonizing the Aviation Sector: Global Bioenergies Extends Its Technological Process to the Production of e-SAF

(Global Bioenergies) a unique e-SAF with a record selectivity rate of 95% compared to existing technologies; a complementary approach to ASTM-certified SAF technology, substituting a plant-based resource for a synthetic resource  --  Global Bioenergies announced today that it has adapted its process for

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Bolivia’s First Biodiesel Plant in Operation

(Biofuels International) Bolivia’s first biodiesel production plant has started operating in Santa Cruz de la Sierra. The Government said that the new undertaking will generate up to $100 million (€92 million) in savings on fossil fuel imports. “This plant will produce ecological diesel

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Clean Fuels Applauds Senate Letter Urging Higher RFS Volumes

(Clean Fuels America Alliance)  Today, a bipartisan group of 18 Senators, led by Sens. Amy Klobuchar (D-MN) and Chuck Grassley (R-IA), sent a letter to EPA Administrator Michael Regan encouraging the agency to complete 2026 RFS rules and raise volumes for

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EU Action Proves Urgent as Biofuel Producers Furlough Workers

(European Biodiesel Board)  While biodiesel from China continues to flood into the European markets, policy makers in the European Commission deliberate their response. The European Biodiesel Board (EBB), which brought a trade case before the institutions, remains confident anti-dumping measures will

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X-Press Feeders Starts Europe’s First Feeder Network Powered by Green Methanol, Ushering in New Era of Sustainable Shipping

(X-Press Feeders) New Green Network Starts with Rotterdam and Antwerp Bruges to Finland and the Baltics -- X-Press Feeders, the world’s largest independent common carrier, has started Europe’s first scheduled feeder network in which the vessels are powered by green methanol, a

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BP to Invest $48.54 Million in China Biofuels Producer as Market Anticipates SAF Mandates Soon

Chau kit Boey (S&P Global) BP to buy 15% stake in Lianyungang Jiaao New Energy; Parent Jiaao Enprotech has 100,000 mt/year SAF capacity -- BP will invest Yuan 353 million ($48.54 million) to acquire a 15% stake in Lianyungang Jiaao New Energy,

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China Plans Trading Platform for Green Hydrogen-Derived Fuels to Decarbonise Shipping

by Yujie Xue (South China Morning Post) Hydrogen, methanol and ammonia are ‘inevitable choices’ for green shipping, says official of the Shanghai Environment and Energy Exchange -- China will set up a platform to support the trading of net-zero hydrogen and its derivatives

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RNG Coalition Celebrates 13 Years Of Leadership

(RNG Coalition/Biomass Magazine) This week, the Coalition for Renewable Natural Gas (RNG Coalition) celebrates 13 years of leadership in the renewable natural gas (RNG) industry.  Founded on July 7, 2011, with just six member companies, RNG Coalition has provided advocacy and education

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Commentary: Airline Industry Faces Carbon Credit Shortage in Net-Zero Push

by Tatiana Feuerhahn ( Valitera/GreenAir)  A lack of direction from governments worldwide, specifically in relation to the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA), has left potential buyers in the Voluntary Carbon Market (VCM) in the dark, with many choosing

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ICAO’s 5% Emissions Reduction by 2030 Target Impossible to Achieve, Says IATA Chief

by Christopher Surgenor (GreenAir) The collective aspirational global goal agreed by governments six months ago to reduce CO2 emissions in international aviation by 2030 through the use of sustainable aviation fuels and lower carbon fuels is impossible to achieve or at

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Why Taking Biofuel Investors for Granted Is Very Bad for Climate Change

by DickonPosnett (Argent Energy/Open Access Government)  Dickon Posnett, Argent Energy’s Director of Corporate Affairs, explains why taking biofuel investors for granted is very bad for climate change, beginning with a discussion about this peculiar market created and nourished entirely by legislation There

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Developing Markets: Vietnamese Government Delegation Visits U.S. Ethanol Value Chain

(U.S. Grains Council)  The U.S. Grains Council (USGC), in partnership with Iowa Corn, escorted a group of Vietnamese government officials and fuel industry professionals on a tour of the U.S. ethanol value chain last week to support the country’s growing demand

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U.S. Department of Energy Releases Request for Information on Renewable Propane and Other Gaseous Intermediates DEADLINE August 5, 2024

(U.S. Department of Energy) The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) has released a Request for Information (RFI) on Renewable Propane Production Technologies and Uses to better understand the supply chains for production and uses of renewable propane and other renewable gaseous

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British Airways Owner: Sustainable Aviation Fuels to Raise Fares, Lower Demand

by Charles Kennedy (OilPrice.com) The airline industry in Europe will have to raise fares to offset the more expensive clean fuels as the sector looks to slash emissions, Luis Gallego, chief executive officer of British Airways’ owner, IAG, told the Financial Times in

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American Airlines Looks to SAF First for CORSIA Compliance, British Airways to Raise Prices to Cover CO2 Costs

(Carbon Pulse)  READ MORE Related articles American Airlines Discusses SAF Potential In 2023 Sustainability Report (Ethanol Producer Magazine)   Excerpt from Ethanol Producer Magazine: American Airlines consumed 2.7 million gallons of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) in 2023, according to its 2023 Sustainability Report, released July

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Stellantis to Expand Hybrid Vehicle Line to Meet Growing Demand

(Reuters)  Stellantis (STLAM.MI) said on Tuesday it would expand its line of affordable hybrid vehicles to 36 models in Europe by 2026, to meet growing demand for this engine type, an alternative to petrol-fuelled cars and electric vehicles. The American-French-Italian automaker, created from

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'Climate Smart' Label Spells Trouble for Farm Bill

by Marc Heller (E&E News) Lawmakers are at odds over how to define climate-friendly farming. --  Lawmakers looking to use the 2024 farm bill to fight climate change are running into another complication: Not everyone agrees on what makes agriculture "climate smart." Shifting

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OMB Regulatory Agenda Outlines Upcoming RFS, HBIIP And CO2 Pipeline Rulemakings

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) The White House Office of Management and Budget on July 5 published its 2024 Unified Agenda and Regulatory Plan, which outlines rulemakings and other actions under development by various federal agencies related to the Renewable

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South Africa Has Vast Potential in Sustainable Aviation Fuel Production

(International Air Transport Association (IATA))  The International Air Transport Association (IATA) called on South Africa to mobilize its experience, resources, and infrastructure to accelerate the development of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) production. The call came as government and industry officials gathered

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Global Rapeseed Production Insufficient to Cover Consumption

(UFOP/Biobased Diesel Daily) In view of a decline in production area and anticipated lower yields, the International Grains Council expects world rapeseed production in 2024-’25 to fall short of the previous year’s level. The IGC recently projected production to reach 87.2 million

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Environment, Security and Development: European Union and Brazil

 by Angelica Saraiva Szucko, Tássio Franchi, Vanessa Capistrano Ferreira (Orgs.) (CRV (Google translation)) This book builds a dialogue between the Social Sciences, International Relations and Environmental Sciences, to facilitate a broad and fruitful panorama of debates on current issues. The European Union

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Procedures for Quantification, Reporting, and Verification of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Associated with the Production of Domestic Agricultural Commodities Used as Biofuel Feedstocks DEADLINE July 25, 2024

(U.S. Department of Agriculture)  The U.S. Department of Agriculture is seeking public input on procedures for the quantification, reporting, and verification of the effect of climate-smart farming practices on the greenhouse gas (GHG) net emissions estimates associated with the production of

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Route Simplified Opens the Market for UCO Sellers and Buyers

by Kristof Reiter (Reiter Companies/Biobased Diesel Daily)  Available this July, the all-new, third-party record-sharing portal by Reiter Software will offer a powerful solution for both parties.  --  For years, U.S. EPA has emphasized the need for detailed records that account for

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QUOTE OF THE WEEK -- Allen Schaeffer

The New York Times captured the total (Biden Administration funding) for EVs at $174 billion. You don’t need an accounting degree to see the stark differences between that $174 billion and the mere few-hundred million for renewable fuels.  Allen Schaeffer,

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Fire, Aim, Ready -- There Is Skepticism whether the U.S. Will Be Ready or if Consumers even Want EVs

by Allen Schaeffer (Engine Technology Forum/Biobased Diesel Daily) New “technology-neutral” federal regulations are designed to drive automakers toward electric vehicles, but there is skepticism whether the U.S. will be ready or if consumers even want this. Image: Rich Kassel, AJW Inc. Fire, aim,

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European Logistics Firm Duvenbeck Switches Part of Its Fleet to 100% Renewable Diesel

(Duvenbeck/Biobased Diesel Daily)  The official approval for the sale of 100 percent renewable diesel—also known as hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO)—has been available in Germany since the end of May, and the Duvenbeck Group announced June 24 that it has been one

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Preparing for the Renewable Fuels Marathon: A Targeted Approach

by Paul Nazzaro (Advanced Fuel Solutions/Biobased Diesel Daily)  A four-pillar concept from Chevron REG’s Rajani Modiyani is an intelligent way to establish a framework for adopting low-carbon fuels. ... The introduction of renewable diesel marks a significant milestone, with the petroleum industry embracing

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Where Will the Reductions Come From? High Octane BioEthanol to the Rescue

by Doug Durante (Clean Fuels Development Coalition/Biofuels Digest)  The evidence seems overwhelming that Electric Vehicles are not going to be able to meet the timeline predicted by the Biden Administration and consequently, fail to provide the reductions in pollution the U.S.

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Ethanol Producers, Farmers Sue EPA over Tailpipe Rule

by David Murray (High Plains Journal) The Renewable Fuels Association and National Farmers Union filed a lawsuit June 17 in the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals challenging the Environmental Protection Agency’s recently finalized light- and medium-duty vehicle emissions standards. RFA and NFU

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Leading Scientists Urge Court to Reject Faulty Land Use Change Arguments

(Renewable Fuels Association)  The nation’s leading experts in agricultural economics and biofuels lifecycle analysis urged the D.C. Circuit Court last week to reject erroneous claims made by the Center for Biological Diversity (CBD) in its lawsuit challenging EPA’s 2023-2025 Renewable Fuel Standard volumes. In its

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Different Technologies to Improve Biodiesel Quality

by Bárbara Sánchez González and Dario Altera (Desmet/Biobased Diesel Daily)  Production of high-quality biodiesel with low monoglyceride content is now possible with a new, elegant and economical process that can be easily integrated in existing and new biodiesel plants. --  Biodiesel is

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US Rapeseed/Canola-Oil Imports Surge after EPA Approved Its Use for Hydrotreated Biofuel under RFS Program in December 2022

(UFOP/Biobased Diesel Daily) The December 2022 approval the U.S. EPA granted for rapeseed oil for use as hydrotreated biofuel feedstock has led to a sharp rise in import volumes in the ensuing year and a half.  In December 2022, EPA finalized approval of

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Growth Energy Files Motion to Intervene in AFPM’s Case against EPA on Cellulosic Biofuel

(Growth Energy) Growth Energy, the nation’s largest biofuel trade association, filed a motion yesterday to intervene in a case brought by the American Fuel & Petrochemical Manufacturers (AFPM) against the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The case aims to force EPA

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Climate Now Episode 165, 167 and 169: Sustainable Aviation Fuel (1, 2 and 3 of 4)

(Climate Now) Aviation accounts for 12% of CO2 emissions from transportation and 2% of all CO2 emissions globally. Sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) is fuel made not from petroleum hydrocarbons, but from other sources of carbon and hydrogen. These non-fossil hydrocarbons include waste oils, plant-derived oils,

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Accelerating SAF: Digest / Topsoe Webinar

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) The world wants SAF, needs SAF — with targets like the 3 Billion Gallons by 2030 SAF Grand Challenge, it's time to fast-track production. We know the why and the when. But how, where, with what,

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Medium-term Opportunities, Transition in Ethanol and the Reality of the ‘American Dream’ in Brazil; Inside Jalles Day

by Laura (Global Happenings) The energy transition, biofuels opportunities in the sugar and ethanol market, innovations in cultivation and financial sustainability were at the center of the debates at “Jalles Day” this Thursday (4), an event of the Jalles Machado (JALL3) for its investors. At

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Government Exploring Ethanol-Blended Petrol

(International The News) The government is contemplating blending ethanol into petrol, with the prime minister forming a committee to look into prospects in this regard. The committee will be headed by the minister of petroleum with the minister of finance, minister

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Neste Welcomes the French Government’s Decision to Approve the Sales of Transport Fuels from 100% Renewable Raw Materials in France

(Neste) Neste welcomes the French government's decision to approve the sales of transport fuels from 100% renewable raw materials, such as renewable diesel (also known as “HVO100”), at fuel stations. So far, the sales have been limited to logistics companies with

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to the SAF Grand Challenge

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) 26 Workstreams, 140 Activities and with 2030 & 2030-2050 impact timeframes — The SAF Grand Challenge is ambitious and detailed, with many US Federal agencies and one aggressive goal. In this deck, the deed for policy

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Spanish Government Should Adopt Ecological Commission's Recommendations for SAF Production

(International Air Transport Association) The International Air Transport Association (IATA) welcomed the approval of a non-binding legislative proposal to the Spanish government to promote the production of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) in Spain. The Ecological Transition and Demographic Challenge Commission of Spain’s

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Burgum Set to Decide on Massive Pipeline Project that’s Pitting His Rural Constituents against GOP Megadonors

by Allison Gordon and Casey Tolan (CNN)  As Donald Trump is considering him for his vice-presidential pick, North Dakota Gov. Doug Burgum could play a deciding role in allowing a massive carbon dioxide pipeline project – backed by GOP megadonors who

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Overreliance on EV’s Generate Power Grid Concerns

by Mark Dorenkamp (Brownfield Ag News)  There are concerns a reliance on electric vehicles to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from the transportation sector could compromise the U.S. power grid. Scott Richman with the Renewable Fuels Association says grids are already struggling and

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3rd Congress of the Brazilian Network for Sustainable Bio-Kerosene and Hydrocarbons for Aviation (RBQAV)

by Jefferson dos Santos Estevo* (Advanced Biofuels USA)The 3rd Congress of the Brazilian Network for Sustainable Bio-kerosene and Hydrocarbons for Aviation (Rede Brasileira de Bioquerosene e Hidrocarbonetos Sustentáveis para Aviação - RBQAV) took place on June 17th, 18th, and 19th

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Fossil Fuel Groups Ask SCOTUS to Overturn California’s Clean Car Waiver

by Lesley Clark (Politico Pro Climatewire) EPA allows California to set tougher emissions standards, which 17 other states have also adopted. -- Fossil fuel interests want the Supreme Court to review California's authority to set stricter emissions standards for cars and trucks

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Shell to Pause Construction on One of Europe's Biggest Biofuels Plants

by Carl Surran (Seeking Alpha) Shell (NYSE:SHEL) said on Tuesday it will stop construction of a major biofuels production facility in the Netherlands, as it seeks to ensure the project's competitiveness in a market that faces an anticipated flood of sustainable fuels from

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Renewable Fuel Standards for 2023-25 Appropriately Set, EPA Says

by Shayna Greene (Bloomberg Law) Supplemental volumes already partially upheld by court; Recordkeeping necessary for food feedstock eligibility -- The Environmental Protection Agency defended its latest standards for renewable fuel from various attacks by both environmental and industry groups. “EPA appropriately set the specific

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Northern Ireland Seeks to Develop “Sustainable Biomethane Sector” Public Comment DEADLINE August 9, 2024

(Bioenergy Insight) ... Encirc’s sustainability director, Fiacre O’Donnell has said that the “only way to achieve a truly Net Zero future is to adopt new sustainable fuel sources at scale”. Fiacre was speaking in the wake of Economy Minister Deirdre Hargey

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State of Sustainable Fleets In 2024

(BioCycle) State of Sustainable Fleets is an annual evaluation of the clean commercial transportation market, conducted by TRC Companies, Inc. Now in its fifth year, the annual Market Brief provides historic data and analysis on leading sustainable technologies for fleets — including electrification, renewable

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KPI Signs Partnership Agreement with Italy’s Fox Petroli to Produce Biofuels

(Arab Times) Kuwait Petroleum International (KPI) announced on Wednesday completing the agreement to acquire a 50 percent stake in Italy’s Eco Fox SRL, a company wholly owned by Fox Petroli, which specializes in the production of biofuels. In a statement to

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Innovation and Collaboration: The Engine behind Sustainable Marine Fuels

by Mallory Hauser (Port of Seattle)  Sustainable marine fuels are the future of maritime transportation, and it's a conversation that demands all hands on deck. Government, ports, industry leaders, innovators, investors, and the community all have a role to play. Without this collective

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International Agencies Issue Joint Statement on the Role of Sustainable Bioenergy

(Bioenergy International)  ... To raise awareness of the significance and highlight the critical role of sustainable bioenergy in the global energy transitions, the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) has issued a joint statement that seeks to address the persistent debates

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Letters to the Editor: Aviation Fuel

by Alison Graab (Sustainable Aviation Fuel Coalition/Boston Herald)  The recent guest oped (“Taxpayers shouldn’t subsidize billionaires’ jet fuel,” June 21) significantly mischaracterizes sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), its benefits and beneficiaries. Nearly 3 million passengers and more than 58,000 tons of cargo

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SAF Roundtable in Vancouver

by Cindy Zimmerman (Energy.AgWired.com)  Representatives of the U.S. biofuels industry, including Renewable Fuels Association Vice President of Government Affairs Ed Hubbard, joined a sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) policy roundtable in Vancouver, Canada recently on the sidelines of a USDA agribusiness trade mission. The U.S.

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to a Year of Opportunity for Sustainable Fuels & Chemicals

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Gerard Ostheimer, Manager of the CEM Biofuture Campaign and chairman of the Bold Goals Action Group, gave these slides at ABLC 2024 outlining the opportunities at the international policy level stemming from India’s G20 presidency last

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Philippine DOE to Release Roadmap for Sustainable Aviation Fuels in July

(Power Philippines News)  The roadmap for the Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) will be developed this July, according to the Department of Energy (DOE). In the recently concluded German-Philippine conference on innovative bioenergy technologies, DOE Undersecretary Rowena Cristina L. Guevara said that the

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Biofuels to Spur Investments of B114bn Public Comments DEADLINE July 12, 2024

by Yuthana Praiwan (Bangkok Post) National oil plan looks at impact of shift to cleaner fuels for transport -- Biofuels, including gasohol and sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), are expected to help generate new investment worth 114 billion baht in the oil business over

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Mahle Bats for Biofuels to Drive Cleaner Vehicular Emissions in India

by Murali Gopalan  (Economic Times Auto)  The German auto parts maker, with a significant presence in India, is pushing for use of biofuels as a clean alternative. It also hopes to set up a Bio-Mobility Tech Centre in Pune on the lines

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EIB and Cepsa Sign €285 Million Loan to Finance the Construction of a Second-Generation Biofuels Plant in Spain

(Cepsa) - Plant in Andalusia region to make biofuels from organic waste like used cooking oil or agricultural waste, supporting the circular economy;  Biofuels to be used in sectors that are difficult to decarbonise, such as air transport, maritime transport

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CARB Floats ICE-Only Fleet Average in Bid to Strengthen Vehicle GHG Rules

(Inside EPA) California air board officials are proposing to tighten light-duty vehicle greenhouse gas standards by creating an internal combustion engine (ICE)-only fleet average starting in model year 2030, an action that would “remove” automakers’ current ability to factor a range

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Enova Grants USD 113m for Hydrogen and Ammonia-Fuelled Vessels Next DEADLINE September 27, 2024

(Renewables Now) Norwegian state-run enterprise Enova SF this week awarded over NOK 1.2 billion (USD 113m/EUR 106m) in funding to more than a dozen projects for the delivery of hydrogen and ammonia-fuelled vessels. The winning applications came from the companies Hoegh Autoliners,

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New Blog from Low Carbon Fuels Coalition

(Low Carbon Fuels Coalition) Today, the Low Carbon Fuels Coalition is introducing a new blog. It's a go-to resource for topics & insights on the progress of clean fuel standard policies—both the results they've already delivered to cut hashtag#GHG emissions,

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US Opens Way for Brazil Used Cooking Oil in Blow for Farmers

by Clarice Couto and Tarso Veloso (BNN Bloomberg)  Brazil said the US has cleared the way for its shipments of used cooking oil in a move that may further erode profits for American soybean producers and crushers as they face increased

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How Water Could Be the Future of Fuel

by Nicolás Rivero and Emily Wright (Washington Post) A new generation of fuels could power planes and ships without warming the planet. -- ... Turning hydrogen into liquid fuel could help slash planet-warming pollution from heavy vehicles, cutting a key source of emissions

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Liquid Fuels, Enviros File First Lawsuits over Fuel Economy Rule

by Alex Guillen (Politico Pro)  Leading oil and biofuel groups and a litany of auto dealers have challenged the Transportation Department’s new fuel economy rule in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 5th Circuit. That sets up a lottery to determine

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Changing Their Minds on “Land Use Change”?

by Geoff Cooper (Renewable Fuels Association)  In early 2022, University of Wisconsin researcher Tyler Lark published a study claiming that U.S. farmers had converted several million acres of pristine grassland and other “seminatural areas” to cropland in response to the Renewable Fuel Standard

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Air New Zealand Receives 500,000-Litre Delivery of Sustainable Aviation Fuel

(Air New Zealand)  Air New Zealand has this week received a shipment of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) into Wellington, its first delivery to the nation's capital city and another small step towards its target of net zero carbon emissions by 2050.

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Municipalities Adopt Cleaner Solutions Inking Agreements with Clean Energy

(Clean Energy Fuels)  Clean Energy Fuels Corp. (NASDAQ: CLNE), the largest provider of the cleanest fuel for the transportation market, announced a series of new deals with several municipalities across the country. These agreements represent a collective growing demand within city agencies

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HD Hyundai Oilbank to Pioneer Korea's First Export of Sustainable Aviation Fuel

by  Michael Herh (Business Korea) HD Hyundai Oilbank announced on June 16 that it will be the first in Korea to export Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF). The SAF produced by HD Hyundai Oilbank will be supplied to the Japanese trading company Marubeni

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SAF Boost: BPCL May Invest Rs 1,400 crore to Set up Sustainable Aviation Fuel Units

(BioEnergy Times) State-run Bharat Petroleum Corp (BPCL) is planning to establish sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) units at its three refineries, as per media report. This initiative is aimed at supporting the government’s target of achieving 1% blending of SAF. BPCL is

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Summit Carbon Solutions Granted Approval by IUB for CO2 Pipeline

(Summit Carbon Solutions) Approval paves the way for new opportunities and support for Iowa’s farmers and ethanol producers.  --  Today, the Iowa Utilities Board (IUB) announced the approval of Summit Carbon Solutions base pipeline project (HLP-2021-0001). This approval represents a significant milestone not

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New Studies: Low Carbon Fuels, FFVs More Effective at Reducing GHG Emissions than De Facto EV Mandates

(Renewable Fuels Association) Increased use of lower-carbon liquid fuels in light-duty vehicles would lead to larger and faster reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions than EPA’s recently finalized EV-forcing tailpipe emissions standards, according to a new study commissioned by the RFA and executed

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Lufthansa Group Introduces Environmental Cost Surcharge

(Lufthansa Group)  Environmental Cost Surcharge applies to departures from the 27 EU countries as well as the UK, Norway and Switzerland; Charge applies to all tickets issued from June 26, 2024 with departure from January 1, 2025; Lufthansa Group invests billions

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Private Group Announces Brazil's Two Longest 'Green Fuel' Pipelines

by Ana Mano (Reuters)  Brazil's privately owned Grupo Potencial will invest 200 million reais ($37 million) to build two "green fuel" pipelines in the south of the farm powerhouse, the company's Vice-President Carlos Hammerschmidt said on Monday. The biofuel pipelines, which will

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Parliament Endorses Law on Mandatory Share of Biofuels in Transport Sector

(UkrInform)  The Verkhovna Rada, Ukraine’s parliament, has approved law No. 3356-d in its entirety on the mandatory share of liquid biofuels (biocomponents) in the transport sector. Yaroslav Zhelezniak, an MP from the Holos Party, announced this on Telegram, Ukrinform reports. According to him, 235

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to the State of Renewable Diesel and DME

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This week on ABLC CONNECT, we networked and exchanged information about the world of Renewable Diesel and rDME, and as part of the proceedings, we had the State of Renewable Diesel and rDME presentation. The slides

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EU Renewable Ethanol Sets New Record for Greenhouse-Gas Reduction, Confirming Its Importance for Transport De-Fossilisation

(ePURE)  Renewable EU ethanol reduced GHG emissions by more than 79% compared to fossil fuel in 2023, according to the latest certified producer data; EU ethanol biorefineries produce more food and feed than fuel  --  Production and use of renewable ethanol from ePURE

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USDA: Growth In US Renewable Diesel Production Impacts Global Feedstock Trade

by Erin Voegele (Biomass Magazine)  The USDA Foreign Agricultural Service on June 11 published a report discussing how the recent boom in U.S. renewable diesel production has caused market-altering shifts to both foreign and domestic feedstock trade.  U.S. renewable diesel consumption has

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Rio Tinto Puts Biofuels before Batteries in Carbon Credit Push

by Peter Ker (Financial Review) Rio Tinto has urged the federal government to make crops grown for the production of biofuels eligible for Australian carbon credit units as Canberra appeals to the private sector to propose its own eligibility criteria to earn these

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Israel Announces Ambitious Plan to 'Phase Out' Fossil Fuels by 2050

(MENAFN- IANS) Jerusalem, June 17 (IANS) The Israeli Ministry of energy and Infrastructure has announced a strategic plan for the country's energy transition from traditional fossil fuels to biological, synthetic, and hydrogen fuels by 2050. The plan's purpose is to adapt the country's economic growth

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California Plans First-of-Its-Kind Financial Penalty on Aviation Fuel

by Anne C. Mulkern (Politico Pro Energywire) Companies that supply aviation fuel would have to offset the carbon emissions by funding cleaner transportation fuel projects.  --  Every day, nearly 600 airline flights carry passengers between airports within California. It’s the nation’s largest

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The U.S. and Europe Can’t Agree on What Counts as Sustainable Aviation Fuel. That’s Leaving Investors in a Bind.

by H. Claire Brown and Yusuf Khan (Wall Street Journal) ... But as the industry matures, fuel producers and airlines are scratching their heads over how best to invest their cash because of one major problem: No one agrees on what counts

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New Foes Emerge in Carbon Bill Fight: Oil Refiners

by Kelsey Brugger and Emma Dumain (E&E Daily)  Three prominent oil refiners have been raising concerns with Republicans over legislation that would study the carbon intensity of domestic products. Some of the nation’s largest oil companies have been raising concerns with congressional

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Net Zero Carbon Emissions by 2050, the Airlines for America Perspective

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Sean Newsum, now with Airlines for America after long service at Boeing, returns to the ABLC stage for a perspective on the path to 20250, including closing the affordability gap for SAF buyers, increasing SAF production

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EU Quota for Sustainable Jet Fuel Cannot Be Met, Fraport CEO Says

by Ilona Wissenbach and Thomas Seythal (Reuters) Producers of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) in the European Union cannot increase output fast enough to meet quotas, the CEO of Frankfurt airport operator Fraport (FRAG.DE) said, adding the new European Commission would have to address

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Have Your Say on a Future Made in Australia: Unlocking Australia's Low Carbon Liquid Fuel Opportunity Public Comment DEADLINE July 18, 2024

(Office of  The Hon Catherine King MP, Minister for Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development and Local Government) The Albanese Government is seeking views on ways to help kickstart Australia’s low carbon liquid fuels (LCLF) industry, from farm and feedstock to bowser.  We are seeking

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Supported by NEXTCHEM, KT Awarded a USD 400 Million Project for an HVO Complex to Produce High Quality Renewable Diesel and Sustainable Aviation Fuels in Germany

(Maire) The complex, located inside the HOLBORN refinery in Hamburg, is expected to be operational in early 2027 and will produce 220,000 tons per year of high-quality renewable diesel and sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) from waste and residues; The project will leverage both KT's execution and NEXTCHEM's

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FOZ Do Iguacu Receives the First Synthetic Oil P{roduction Plant from Biogas in Brazil

(CI Biogas (Google Translation)) The International Center for Renewable Energy ( CIBiogás ) and the Brazil-Germany Cooperation for Sustainable Development, through the H2Brasil project, inaugurated, on June 17th, the first pilot plant in Brazil for the production of synthetic oil from biogas, focusing

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to EVs…How Much of a Threat to Biofuels?

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) In this presentation, Raymond James Sr VP Pavel robin returns to the ABLC stage to share his perspective on the threat to biofuels posed by electrification of the fleet — or is the threat that big

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SkyNRG Releases Sustainable Aviation Fuel Market Outlook 2024

(SkyNRG) - A decisive year for announced projects targeting operations before 2030, as most in progress facilities still face the challenges of raising capital, construction, and commissioning.  - Regulatory developments are driving Sustainable Aviation fuel (SAF) demand, with mandates and aspirational

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Now Available! U.S. Department of Energy Clean Fuels & Products Shot™ Summit Questions & Answers

(U.S. Department of Energy)  The U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Clean Fuels & Products Shot™ Summit Questions & Answers (Q&A) are now available. Stakeholders across government, industry, academia, and non-profit organizations attended the two-day virtual event to learn about the Shot’s objectives, progress, priorities,

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Texas Water Fight Shows Pushback on ‘Clean’ Hydrogen

by Christian Robles (E&E News Energywire) A Texas hydrogen project is facing criticism over whether it will have adequate water supplies, illustrating how local disputes on everything from pipelines to air pollution threaten the industry’s build-out. Near Corpus Christi, environmentalists and some

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Refinery Owner Pushes to Start up Plant on Rosedale

by John Cox (Bakersfield Californian/Yahoo!) A yearslong headache of a project south of Rosedale Highway is coming to a head as the owner of the former Big West oil refinery pushes to finish converting the plant to produce renewable diesel. Long Beach-based

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State Ozone Group Urges EPA To Tighten Scrutiny Of Biodiesel Emissions

(Inside EPA)  The Ozone Transport Commission (OTC) of 12 Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern States is warning EPA that air emissions from biodiesel used in trucks are substantially higher than the agency currently believes and is urging officials to review recent findings on

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API, Truckers and Agriculture Organizations File Lawsuit to Stop EPA’s Emissions Rule for New Heavy-Duty Vehicles

(Aamerican Petroleum Institute)  The American Petroleum Institute (API) today filed a lawsuit in the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals challenging the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) heavy-duty (HD) vehicle emissions standards for model years (MY) 2027-2032. “Today, we are standing up for consumers who

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Federal Funding for Your Commercial Scale Bioeconomy Project

by y Bill Hagy (LEC Partners/Biofuels Digest)   There are numerous federal funding resources available to support commercial-scale bioeconomy projects. The following items should be considered when identifying federal funding resource(s) available for potential project funding: Some programs are restricted to small businesses. Some

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Best of Both Worlds: Would Hybrid Flex-Fuel Vehicles Have More of an Advantage than Fully Electric Cars?

(RFD TV) As we continue to see a push for electric vehicles, a new study is underscoring the economic and environmental benefits of hybrid flex-fuel vehicles and their distinct advantages over full EVs Robert White with the Renewable Fuels Association spoke with

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US Farmers Shun Buyers, Cling to Unsold Corn as Prices Slump

by P.j. Huffstutter and Karl Plume (Reuters)  South Dakota farmer Eric Kroupa received a flurry of calls from grain dealers and ethanol plants asking to buy the corn locked away in his bins when prices neared 4-1/2-month peaks last month. He sold

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Electric Vehicles Emerge as Flashpoint in 2024 Election

by Liz Goodwin (Washington Post)  But now, facing a tough reelection climate in November, some Senate Democrats who are fighting for their political lives in red states are distancing themselves from aspects of President Biden’s EV policies as Republicans go on

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Electric Vehicles Emerge as Flashpoint in 2024 Election

by Liz Goodwin (Washington Post)  But now, facing a tough reelection climate in November, some Senate Democrats who are fighting for their political lives in red states are distancing themselves from aspects of President Biden’s EV policies as Republicans go on

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US Farmers Edged Out by Brazilian Beef Fat Destined for Biofuels

by Gerson Freitas Jr, Tarso Veloso, and Kim Chipman (Bloomberg/Farm Progress) Brazil accounted for 40% of tallow imports into US this year; Good news for fuelmakers poses threat to US soyoil suppliers -- Brazil is reaping the benefits from a US biofuels boom,

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Biden’s Ill-Conceived EV Mandate Will Harm Drivers, Cause Blackouts

by Congressman Dan Musser (R-PA 9th) (The Hill) ... Unfortunately, the Biden Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) recent announcement of an effective ban on new gas cars for half the driving population does not strike the appropriate balance of both protecting our environment and

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E15 Fuel Can Be an Important Tool to Tackle Climate Change : Commentary

by Bill DeMora (Democratic Ohio State Senator/The Well) ... The world is investing in technologies like carbon capture, electric vehicles, and wind and solar energy. However, these technologies will remain underdeveloped and cost prohibitive for at least the next few years. We

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Farm Waste May Help Power Australia's Biofuel Future

by Jennifer Dudley-Nicholson (St George & Sutherland Shire Leader/Australian Associated Press) Airlines and transport companies may be forced to use more biofuel, with tax breaks for companies that produce it, under proposals the federal government is considering. Transport Minister Catherine King launched

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The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to SAF, the ICF Perspective

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Mike McCurdy, Managing Director of Fuels & Power at ICF presented these slides at ABLC Next on how sustainable aviation fuels are taking off in the near term with the latest projected figures for the 2020s,

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Ammonia Cuts Shipping GHG Emissions by up-to 61% SGMF Study Is the First to Confirm Significant Well-To-Wake Reduction

by Krishna Ruparelia (SGMF) Peer-reviewed study declares definitive figures for GHG reduction potential with the use of ammonia as a marine fuel -- An independent study has confirmed that greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions of up to 61% are now achievable from using

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Report Slams Biofuels Industry Impact on Air Quality

by Sean Reilly (Politico Pro E&E News PM) As the number of biofuel plants rise, a watchdog group called for a stronger permitting and enforcement regime. -- Biofuels plants are often large sources of hazardous air pollution, presenting a major concern as

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Largest US Oil Trade Group Sues to Block Biden's EV Push

by Jarrett Renshaw (Reuters) The nation's largest oil trade group, which includes Exxon Mobil (XOM.N) and Chevron (CVX.N), filed a federal lawsuit on Thursday seeking to block the Biden administration's efforts to reduce planet-warming emissions from cars and light trucks and encourage electric vehicle manufacturing,

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New Markets Provide Sunnier Outlook For Clean Fuels

by Jonathan Martin (Clean Fuels Alliance America) Tremendous growth in the biomass-based diesel industry should be celebrated by producers and farmers, as well as those who enjoy breathing cleaner air and lower greenhouse gas emissions. However, that growth coupled with disappointing Renewable Fuel Standard volumes

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Clean Fuels Applauds Senate Letter Urging Higher RFS Volumes

(Clean Fuels Alliance America)  Today, a bipartisan group of 18 Senators, led by Sens. Amy Klobuchar (D-MN) and Chuck Grassley (R-IA), sent a letter to EPA Administrator Michael Regan encouraging the agency to complete 2026 RFS rules and raise volumes for

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Mozambique Signs Biofuels MoU with Brazil under PAE’s New Blending Rule

(Club of Mozambique) During the Biodiesel Forum in São Paulo, Brazil and Mozambique signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) for the joint development of biofuels. The MOU was signed by Ubrabio (União dos Produtores de Biodiesel e Bioquerosene do Brasil) and by

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Maximizing the Climate Benefits of Agriculture: RCPP Expansion to 10-state Region, Multi-Grainshed RCPP Expansion

(American Coalition for Ethanol) The United States Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS) recently approved a $25 million investment in the American Coalition for Ethanol (ACE)-led Regional Conservation Partnership Program (RCPP) expansion that builds on the successful South

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Aviation Industry Calls for More Funding for Synthetic Green Fuels

by Joanna Plucinska (Reuters) Europe will need to invest more into synthetic aviation fuels if it hopes to meet its net zero targets and decarbonise aviation by 2050 as it can't only rely on biofuel, according to industry leaders, with many

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Did Gasoline Win the European Election?

by Arianna Skibell (Politico's Power Switch)  The stunning results from the European election hammered home one reality for leaders on both sides of the Atlantic: People don’t like you messing with their cars. The EU’s plan to ban the sale of internal-combustion-engine vehicles by

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Why the World Is Using More Ethanol

by Elizabeth Hui and Paul Wightman (CME Group/Seeking Alpha)  • Higher decarbonization targets have seen biofuels regaining interest from governments as they seek to further reduce carbon emissions from traditional fossil fuels. In 2023, fuel ethanol accounted for 78% of total U.S.

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Barrasso, Senate Republicans Introduce Bill to Remedy DOE’s Flawed Efficiency Calculations for Electric Cars

(U.S. Senate Committee on Energy & Natural Resources)  U.S. Senator John Barrasso, ranking member of the Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources (ENR), and U.S. Senators Cynthia Lummis (R-WY), Mike Lee (R-UT), John Hoeven (R-ND), Jim Risch (R-ID), and Bill

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SAF Still an Open Issue for Agriculture

(NAFB News Service/Matt Kaye/Berns Bureau/American Ag Network)  Sustainable Aviation Fuel tax treatment remains in limbo despite months of regulatory efforts and, most recently, a push to include the treatment of SAF crops in the House farm bill. Biofuel producers and feedstock

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Groups Urge ‘Flexible’ Tax Credit on Low-Emission Fuels

by Marc Heller (Politico Pro Greenwire) Biofuel groups say they expect the USDA to seek guidance on how climate-smart farming should play into the clean fuel production tax credit in 2025. -- Stung by criticism that a tax credit for sustainable aviation

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Future Trucking: Headlines and View from the Bridge

by Allen Schaeffer (Engine Technology Forum)  By all accounts, the 2024 Advanced Clean Truck Expo in Las Vegas last month laid it all on the line; peering into the fuels and technologies that promise to be the future of the trucking

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to the State of SAF

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) As presented in the weekly online series ABLC Connect, this presentation looks at headwinds and tailwinds impacting the development and deployment of sustainable aviation fuels, including commodity and carbon prices, mandates, incentives, technology trends, policy and

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Tens of Millions of Acres of Cropland Lie Abandoned, Study Shows

by Erin Blakemore (Washington Post) The biggest changes took place around the Ogallala Aquifer, whose groundwater irrigates parts of numerous states, including Colorado, Texas and Wyoming. -- About 30 million acres of U.S. cropland have been abandoned since the 1980s, a new

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Growth Energy Calls New CAFE Standards A Missed Opportunity

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  The U.S. Department of Transportation’s National Highway Traffic Safety Administration on June 7 issued a final rule setting new corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) standards. Growth Energy said the agency has again missed the opportunity

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Davids, Johnson Create Bipartisan Sustainable Aviation Caucus to Reduce Environmental Impace, Boost Financial Security

(Office of U.S. Representative Sharice Davids (D-KS-03))  Representatives Sharice Davids (D-KS-03) and Dusty Johnson (R-SD-AL) announced the creation of the Congressional Sustainable Aviation Caucus (CSAC). Co-chaired by Davids and Johnson, the caucus will work to reduce the aviation industry’s environmental impact and maximize

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New Study Shows Plug-in Hybrid Flex Fuel Vehicle Has Major Economic, Climate Advantages Over Battery EVs

(Renewable Fuels Association)  The Renewable Fuels Association today released a study documenting the economic and environmental benefits of the world’s first plug-in electric hybrid flex fuel vehicle (PHEFFV). After rigorous emissions testing, lifecycle greenhouse gas analysis, and nearly 34,000 miles of real-world driving,

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MEMAN: Ethanol Industry Could Save Nigeria $7.4bn Annually — Expert

by Dayo Ayeyemi (Nigerian Tribune) According to Mr. Agwu Ojowu, a senior consultant at Africa Practice, developing the ethanol industry could save the nation about $7.4 billion annually. He explained that this could be achieved because cassava, one of the sources

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A Look at 40B and 45Z Credits for Soy-Based Biofuels

(Pro Farmer/AgWeb) American Soybean Association (ASA) Chief Economist Scott Gerlt provided the following highlights: The 40B credit is available for 2023 and 2024. The program offers up to $1.75 per gallon for sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) with a carbon intensity (CI) reduction

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China to Exceed ‘Green’ Hydrogen Target ahead of Schedule, Beating Rest of World Combined

by Yujie Xue (South China Morning Post) Output of hydrogen made using renewable energy on track to beat a 2025 target of 200,000 tonnes, Rystad Energy report says.  --  China is set to surpass its national hydrogen production targets, solidifying its leading

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Bioeconomy Policy, the ABFA Perspective

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) In this presentation by Advanced Biofuels Association president Mike McAdams, we learn about matching policy with real-world reality using the basic tool box of tax credits, grants, loans, mandates and the RFS. We see policy issues

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Transition to Net-Zero Will Bring End of Affordable Air Travel, Aviation Official Warns

by Hillary Andrews  (Fox Weather) Get ready to pay more for airline tickets, warns an aviation trade group. The net-zero goal by 2050 for the industry, lack of technology and jet manufacturer slowdowns are creating the perfect storm for price turbulence. "I'm sorry to say, but the transition

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Commission Kick-Starts Work on a New Pilot Mechanism to Boost the Hydrogen Market

(European Commission) Today (June 3, 2024), the Commission is taking further steps to support the development of the European hydrogen market by launching work on a pilot mechanism. The new mechanism was created under the recently-adopted decarbonised gases and hydrogen package, and aims to accelerate investments by

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Incumbent Republican Legislators Suffer Losses as Pipelines and Property Rights Surge to the Fore

by John Hult, Joshua Haiar and Seth Tupper (South Dakota Searchlight)  At least 14 Republican legislators lost their races against fellow Republicans on Tuesday in the 2024 primary election, with a controversial carbon dioxide pipeline among the top wedge issues to

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Grassley to EPA: Increase RVO Levels

by Brent Barnett (Brownfield Ag News) U.S. Senator Chuck Grassley has asked the U.S. EPA to increase renewable volume obligations (RVOs) for biomass-based diesel and advanced biofuels. “Higher RVO levels allow the biofuel industry to meet the really fast growing demand for homegrown

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Two-Thirds of European Green Shipping Fuel Projects at Risk - Analysis

(Transport & Environment) 4% of European shipping could run on e-fuels by 2030, according to mapping done by T&E. But just a third of these projects are guaranteed as fuel suppliers fear a lack of demand -- Two-thirds of European green shipping

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Vast Receives Planning Consent for CSP-powered Solar Methanol Project in Port Augusta

(Vast)  Vast (Vast Renewables Limited) (Nasdaq: VSTE), a renewable energy company specialising in concentrated solar thermal power (CSP) energy systems that generate zero-carbon, utility-scale electricity and industrial process heat, has received planning consent for Solar Methanol 1 (SM1), a CSP-powered reference

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MAN Cryo to Design Hydrogen Supply for Net-Zero Norwegian Ferries

(MAN Energy Solutions)  Torghatten to employ company’s expertise within detail design for bunkering systems, hydrogen piping and vent masts for newbuild vessels -- MAN Cryo has been contracted by Torghatten Nord A/S, the Norwegian ferry company, to work on a project encompassing

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SkyNRG, Microsoft Launch Project Runway SAF Book-and-Claim System

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) From the Netherlands comes news that SkyNRG is launching Project Runway. an initiative brings together airlines and corporates to navigate the complexities of SAF procurement. Microsoft is joining as a founding member. Under the Book & Claim

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Mandatory Use of at Least 5% Biofuel in Motor Gasoline Will Bring More than $1 bln to Budget Annually - MHP Eco Energy president

(Interfax-Ukraine) The adoption of the bill on the mandatory use of bioethanol in liquid motor fuels is an extremely important event for Ukraine, since its implementation will annually ensure the receipt of more than $1 billion in the budget and significantly

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Delays in California's LCFS Revisions Are an Opportunity to Improve

by Nikita Pavelnko (International Council on Clean Transportation)  Earlier this year, the California Air Resources Board (CARB) postponed a hearing and vote to finalize revisions to its Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) until the Friday after the 2024 U.S. elections in November. The vote had

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Bangchak to Stabilize Palm Oil Prices with B100

(Bangkok Post) Bangchak Corporation, in collaboration with BBGI, commits to buying B100 at standardized prices to support farmers and promote biofuels. -- Chaiwat Kovavisarach, Group Chief Executive Officer and President of Bangchak Corporation Public Company Limited, announced that in response to proposed

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IATA SAF Registry

(International Air Transport Association) The International Air Transport Association (IATA) announced that it will establish the SAF Registry (Registry) to accelerate the uptake of Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) by authoritatively accounting and reporting emissions reductions from SAF. Seventeen airlines, one airline group,

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Indonesian Govt Targets Rp12 Trillion Profit from SAF Sales, Exports

(Antara) Indonesia's Coordinating Minister for Maritime Affairs and Investment Luhut Binsar Pandjaitan is eyeing profit of Rp12 trillion (US$742 million) from the sales and exports of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF). "The domestic and export sales of SAF are estimated to reach a

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Court Ruling Sets Important Precedents for Future of RFS

by Geoff Cooper (Renewable Fuels Association/Ethanol Producer Magazine) ... In May, yet another high-stakes legal challenge to the RFS was rebuffed, establishing some important precedents and putting the program on solid footing for the future.  A decision from the D.C. Circuit Court

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Commission Approves up to €1.4 Billion of State Aid by Seven Member States for the Fourth Important Project of Common European Interest in the Hydrogen Value Chain

(European Commission) The European Commission has approved, under EU State aid rules, a fourth Important Project of Common European Interest (‘IPCEI') to support research, innovation and the first industrial deployment in the hydrogen value chain. The project contributes to the EU's

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Sohar Port Receives First Shipment of Biofuel for Use in Marine Tug Operations

(Times of Oman)  Sohar Port received the first shipment of biofuel to begin the experimental phase of using this fuel in tug and barge operations in cooperation with “Svitzer” Company, “Woqod” Company, and “Hormuz Marine” Company. Through these operations, the Port of

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SAF Production to Triple in 2024, says IATA

(Biofuels International) The International Air Transport Association (IATA) said its projections for a tripling of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) production in 2024 to 1.9 billion litres (1.5 million tonnes) are on track. This would account for 0.53% of aviation’s fuel need this

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Building New Markets a Marathon, Not a Sprint

by Carah Hart (Brownfield Ag News) University of Illinois Ag Economics Professor Scott Irwin says building the Sustainable Aviation Fuel market for biofuels is a marathon, not a sprint. “It is a large, potential market in the long run, but don’t get

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Oil and Gas Companies Are Trying to Rig the Marketplace

by Andrew Dessler (Texas Center for Climate Studies at Texas A&M University/New York Times) ... But as renewables have become a more formidable competitor, we are now seeing something different: a large-scale effort to deceive the public into thinking that the

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demolition waste/debris consumer education contamination contest contrails conversion technology Cook Islands cook stoves cooking fuel cooperatives COP21 COP22 COP23 COP24 COP25 COP26 COP27 COP28 COP29 COP30 copper coppice cordgrass corn bran Corn cobs corn ethanol corn fiber corn growers corn harvest corn kernel corn meal corn oil corn oil/distillers corn oil (DCO) corn prices corn stalks corn stover corn supply corn surplus corn syrup corn-based products corn/maize Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards corporate social responsibility corrosion corruption CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) cosmetics Costa Rica cotton cotton seed hulls cotton seed oil cotton stalk cottonwood Council on Environmental Quality county cover crops cow rumen cracking Crambe crassulacean acid metabolism plants (CAM) crimes criteria pollutants Croatia crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude oil Cuba cup plant cuphea currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cusi cutworm caterpillars cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) cylindro Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs d-5 D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D20 (20%DME) D5 (5%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA date kernel oil date palm date palm pits date palm waste Dates DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act deficit definitions deforestation defossilization Dehydration Delaware DeltaWing demonstration demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify density Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security Department of Justice Department of Labor Department of the Interior Department of Transportation (DOT) depolymerization depots dextrose dfdsffsfdfsf diatoms diesel Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) diesel fuel blendstock diesel prices Diesel R5 diesel with renewables diesel-range hydrocarbons diesel-to-biodiesel conversion diethyl ether digital Digital Biology diisobutylene (DIB) dilute acid hydrolysis pretreatment DIN 51605 DIN EN 15376 (Ethanol blending component) direct air capture direct injection direct ocean capture Direct Sugar to Hydrocarbon Conversion (DSHC) direct-to-fuel directed evolution dispense distillates distillation distilled biodiesel distilled palm methyl ester (DPME) distilleries distributed/centralized distribution distribution capacity distribution waiver diversification divestment DME/rDME (dimethyl ether)/renewable DME DMF (2.5-dimethylfuran) Dominican Republic double cropping drawdown Drones/Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) drop-in biofuels/hydrocarbons drought drought tolerant drought-resistant dry ice dual cropping Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E100 E100 conversion kit E11 E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E2 E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E3 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E70 diesel E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency egg shell Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric Vehicle (EV) Prices electric grid electricity electricity price electricity/power generation electricity/power transmission electrocatalysis electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels (e-fuels) electrofuels (e-fuels) prices electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) electrons Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants embargo eminent domain emissions emissions standards EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 EN 228 EN 590 EN228 (standard pump gasoline) end user end-of-life Endangered Species Act (ESA) Energy Bill energy cane energy consumption energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy prices energy reserves Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine Development engine problems Engine/Fuel Co-optimization engineering England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment environmental impact study (EIS) environmental justice/socially inclusive environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Environmentalists Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic depolymerization enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling Enzyme solicitation enzymes EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) Equatorial Guinea equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) etha ethane ethanol ethanol benefits ethanol blend wall ethanol blended diesel ED ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol emissions ethanol ether diesel fuel ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol to gas ethanol tolerance ethanol-fueled aircraft Ethanol-to-Gasoline (ETG) ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/diesel ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethyl levulinate (EL) ethylbenzene ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order executive order--state Extended Range Electric Vehicle (EREV) externalities extremophiles f F Factor F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farmers farming farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation Feedstocks fermentation ferry fertilizer fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) Fischer-Tropsch/FT fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources Forest Service forestry forklifts Formate formic acid fossil carbon fossil fuel Frace fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud free fatty acids (FFA) Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon gallium Gambia games gas prices gas tax/highway user fee gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gasoline-range hydrocarbons Gemany General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Gerrmany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) Intensity giant cane giant kelp Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect Global South global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grain sorghum/milo grain speculators grains GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery green/black economy Greenland GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Guinea Bissau Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP gypsum h Haiti Halophytes harvest site processing harvesting Hawai'i hay hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ HDO-SAK (hydro deoxygenated synthetic aromatic kerosene) health health benefits health effects heat of combustion heat of vaporization heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) high octane low carbon (HOLC) fuel High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 HVO20 HVO30 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrid ships hybrids hydrocarbon fuels Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydroformylation hydrogen aircraft hydrogen carrier hydrogen combustion engines hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen leaks hydrogen pipeline hydrogen price hydrogen pumps/fueling stations hydrogen tax credit hydrogen terminal Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Price hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogenolysis hydropower Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal gasification hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois Illiois illuppai ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indian beech tree Indian grass Indiana indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial burners industrial ethanol industrial gases industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated biorefineries integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine (ICE) internal combustion engine (ICE)/gasoline engine ban International international balance of payments International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Sustainability and Carbon Certification model(ISCC) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit Invvesting ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron iron oxide IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isobutylene isomerisation isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica jamelão Japan jatobá Jatropha Jersey Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 jet B Jetfuel (Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs Joint Office of Energy and Transportation jojoba Jordan JP-10 JP-4 JP-5/NATO F-44 JP-8/NATO F-34 juniper Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kalanchoe kamani Kans grass Kansas Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati knotweed Knowledge Discovery Framework Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kulpa kusum Kuwait Kygryzstan labels labor policy Labrador lactic acid lactose Lake County lamp oil land ownership land prices land rights land subsidence land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy landfill methane Landfills landscape Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead Leadtree leaf ant Lebanon lecithin legislation Legislation-Federal Legislation-State lemna lend-lease Lesotho lesquerella leucaena levulinic acid Liberia Libya licensing lichens life cycle analysis (LCA) light rail lignin Lignin Ethanol Oil (LEO) Lignocellulosic Biofuel lignocellulosic sugars lime Lipid liquefaction liquid liquid petroleum gas (LPG) liquid transportation fuels liquidation Liquified Biogas (LBG) Liquified Biogas (LBG) pumps liquified biomethane (LBM) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logistics long-term contracts Louis Louisiana low c low carbon emissions low carbon octane standard (LCOS) Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel low sulfur fuel low sulfur marine fuel lubricants lumber mill Luxembourg lysis M100 M15 M3 M50 ma macadamia macauba Macedonia machine learning machinery macororo Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona management changes mandates mangaba manganese mango mangrove Manitoba mannose manure maple maps marginal land marine algae Marine Corps Marine Diesel Oil (MDO) Marine Fuel Oil Marine Gas Oil (MGO) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) price Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel Terminal Marine/maritime renewable fuel terminal/bunkering market forces market share marketing markets/sales Mars Marshall Islands Maryland Masdar Institute mass balance standard Massachusetts Master Limited Partnership (MLP) Mauritania Mauritius Mazda meat mechanics training medical waste MEEC membranes mergers and acquisitions mesquite methanation methane leaks methane/biomethane methanization methanol benefits methanol fuel cells methanol price Methanol-to-Jet (MTJ-SPK) Methanol/Biomethanol/Renewable Methanol methylbutenol Mexico Michelin GreenX Challenge Michigan micro-crop microalgae microbial electrosynthesis microbiology microorganisms/microbes microwave Mid-Atlantic Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military reserves military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels milk permeate millennium fruit millet millettia pinnata milo stover mineralization minerals mining Minn Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold molinia molybdenum MON (Motor Octane Number) Monaco Mongolia mongongo monitoring/measuring reporting verifiction (MRV) Montana Montenegro moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles motors MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES2014 MOVES3 (MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator model) Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed mvr Myanmar n-butanol n-butene nahar Namibia nano nano particles nanocatalysts nanocellulose nanomaterials naphtha/bionaphtha/renewable naphtha naphthene NASCAR National 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Zealand Newfoundland Newfoundland and Labrador next generation biofuels next generation vehicles NHRA drag racing Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrogen starvation nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota North Korea Northeast northern catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory Northwest Territories Norwary Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds nuclear Nunavut nut shells nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition oak oat hulls oat straw oats Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) Office of Science Technology and Policy (OSTP) Offices of Inspector Generals offtake agreements Ohio oil oil embargo oil exploration oil monopoly oil p oil price parity oil prices oil production oil refineries oil replacement oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil speculators oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes oil/gas terminals Oils Oklahoma olefins oligomerization olive cake olive oil olive pits olive pomace olive water olives Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm ammonia production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing on-site hydrogen production one p one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontaio Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) open fuel standard open pond opportunity zones optimized flex fuel vehicles orange peel orchard grass orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) osage orange OSHA Overseas Private Investment Corporation overview overview/survey course owa oxygen oxygenate ozone Pakistan Palau palm palm 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pine nut pineapple Pineapple leaf pinion Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Admin (PHMSA) pipelines Pistacia chinensis PLA plant cell research plant cell walls plant oil plastic plastic-to-jet platinum Plug-in Flex Fuel Hybrid Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) plume grass Poand podcasts Poland poli Policy politics pollinators pollution pollution control polyethylene polyfuel polymer polymerization polysaccharides pomace pomegranates pongamia pongamia pinnata poplar poppy population control Portable refinery Portugal poster sessions potamogeton potassium potato poultry litter/waste power power-to-x/gas/liquid prairie grasses pre-processing precision farming/agriculture precursors/biointermediates premium gasoline Pretreatment pretreatment equipment price price of water prickly pear Prince Edward Island process flow diagram producer tax credit Production tax credit productivity project insurance propagating Propane/Biopropane/Renewable Propane propane/renewable propane pumps propanol property insurance propylene protectionism protein protests proton exchange membrane (PEM) public comments public health policy Puerto Rico pulp Pulp/Paper Mill pump retrofit kit pumps/fueling station pungam Punnai tree pyrolysis pyrolytic liquefaction Q-RIN QAP Qatar quality assurance Quality Assurance Plans (QAPs) quality improvement quantum dots Quebec Queensland quote of the week r R Factor R100/RD100 R33 R5 R95B5/RD95B5 R99/RD99 rabbits race radiata pine radish leaves Rahal Letterman Lanigan Racing railroad rain tree rainforest ranchers RAND rare earth metal/critical minerals RD10 RD100 RD20 RD3 RD30 RD40 RD50 RD55 RD80 RD80B20 RD99 reclaimed mine lands recycled oil recycled plastics recycling red algae redcedar Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation Refined Bleached Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO) refineries reforestation Reformate regenerative braking regenerative farming Regional Conservation Partnership Program (RCPP) Regulated Emissions regulations Regulations-Federal Regulations-State Regulatory Enhancement Growth Support (REGS) Reid vapor pressure (RVP) remediation remediation rice straw Renewable Chemical renewable chemical producer tax incentive renewable chemical production tax credit renewable diesel pipelines Renewable Diesel Production renewable diesel pumps renewable diesel tax credit renewable diesel terminal Renewable Diesel/Green Diesel price Renewable Diesel/Green Diesel/HVO/Paraffinic Diesel Renewable Energy Renewable Energy Directive (RED/RED II/RED III) Renewable Energy Standard Renewable Energy to Fuels through Utilization of Energy-Dense Liquids (REFUEL) renewable fuel renewable fuel oil (RFO) Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS and RFS2) Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS2) revisions/repeal Renewable Fuels Directive (EU) renewable fuels of non-biological origin (RFNBO) renewable gasoline blendstock renewable marine diesel Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) price Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) pumps 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Biomaterials (RSB) royalties RP-1 RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber rubber seeds rumen ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Rural Renewable Energy Pilot Program rushes Russia Russian olive rutabaga Rwanda ry rye Rye grass rye straw s saccharification SAF pipeline SAF10 SAF30 SAF40 Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower sago pond weed SAIC sal tree Salicornia salt water salt-tolerant saltbush saltcedar Samoa Sanctions Santa Monica sardine oil Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Advisory Board (SAB) Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) Science Policy scooters Scotland scum sea level rise seaports seashore mallow seawater seaweed cultivation Seaweed/Macroalgae second-generation biofuel income tax credit Section 526 Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) seed husks seed-to-wheel Senegal Serbia sesame sewage Seychelles shale shale gas shale oil shark oil sheep shellfish shipping shipping containers shipworm siam weed Sierra Leone silage silica Silphie/cup plant/Indian cup silver silver maple simarouba Singapore Singpore sisal SK slash Slovakia Slovakia/Slovak Republic Slovenia sludge Small Business Administration Small Business Innovatin Research (SBIR) small engines small refinery exemption (SRE) smog smokestack soap soapstock Social social benefit investing social cost social value social venture Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) soi soil soil amendments soil carbon soil health soil microbial biomass solar energy solar energy-to-chemical conversion solar fuel solar thermochemical hydrogen (STCH) solaris Solid Oxide Electrolyzer Cell (SOEC) solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) Solomon Islands Solutions solvent liquefaction Somalia soot sorghum sorghum oil sorghum stover South Africa South America South Australia South Carolina South Dakota South Korea South Pacific South Sudan Southeast Asia Southern Africa Soviet 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