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ICCT’s Vision 2050: “Ambitious Yet Feasible”

by Tammy Klein (Future Fuel Strategies)  … ICCT (International Council on Clean Transportation) has been and, it’s clear in this document will continue to be, a major change agent for

October 1, 2020 Read Full Article

Suburban Propane Partners Acquires Stake in Oberon Fuels

by Michael Bates (NGT News) Suburban Propane Partners LP, a nationwide distributor of propane, fuel oil, and related products and services, says it is purchasing a 39% stake in Oberon Fuels Inc., based

September 23, 2020 Read Full Article

Sustainable Aviation Fuel: Review of Technical Pathways Report

(U.S. Department of Energy)  The Sustainable Aviation Fuel: Review of Technical Pathways report provides an overview of commercial jet aviation fuel and summarizes learnings from three BETO-supported workshops. In addition, the report

September 10, 2020 Read Full Article

Waste Industry Biogas to Diesel Fuel: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to T2C-Energy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) … A new project is focused on optimizing this new TRIFTS technology at a relevant engineering scale capable of utilizing both the CO2 and CH4

August 18, 2020 Read Full Article

Can We Get to Space without Damaging the Earth through Huge Carbon Emissions?

by David Verbeek and Helene Fouquet (Bloomberg/Los Angeles Times)  When a SpaceX Falcon Heavy rocket blasts off on a plume of white smoke, hot gases shoot out of its 27 engines,

August 13, 2020 Read Full Article

New Process Turns Carbon into Cleaner, High-Performance Diesel Biofuel Blendstock

(National Renewable Energy Laboratory/Phys.org) A new single-phase catalyst that enables the conversion of renewable and waste carbon into sustainable diesel fuels has been developed through a unique collaboration between the National

July 17, 2020 Read Full Article

Cities Area Transit Goes Green with Biodiesel

(News Dakota/North Dakota Soybean Council)  This summer Cities Area Transit (CAT) buses are running on a different fuel than normal. CAT recently switched to fueling their fleet with B20, a

July 17, 2020 Read Full Article

Sustainable HVO Fuel for Asphalt Equipment from BAM

(BAM Infra Nederland (Google Translation)) BAM Infra Nederland is the first construction company to switch to the fossil-free Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil (HVO) fuel for all its asphalt equipment. With this

July 14, 2020 Read Full Article

The Benefits of Ethanol

(Nebraska Ethanol Board) In an effort to spread ethanol’s clean air message, the Nebraska Ethanol Board put together this video aimed at students across the state. To help illustrate what is

June 29, 2020 Read Full Article

Advanced Biofuels USA Publishes Updated “What’s the Difference between Biodiesel and Renewable (Green) Diesel?” Adds “What Renewable Fuels Can Be Used in Compression Ignition Engines?”

(Advanced Biofuels USA) Since 2011, one of Advanced Biofuels USA’s most popular publications has been “What’s the Difference between Biodiesel and Renewable (Green) Diesel?”  The update of this paper has

June 8, 2020 Read Full Article

Wheels Keep Turning on Innovations for More Efficient and Clean Vehicles

(Department of Energy)  While approximately 30% of today’s new cars can boast fuel economy of at least 30 miles per gallon, there is still the opportunity for further efficiency gains. Top

June 3, 2020 Read Full Article

Biofuel for Ships: Diesel and Gasoline Sourced from Renewables

by Iris Kumpmann (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft/Tech Xplore)  … Researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Environmental, Safety and Energy Technology UMSICHT in Oberhausen have been looking into alternative climate-friendly fuels. They are now

May 5, 2020 Read Full Article

We Can Clearly See that Reduced Emissions Should Be a California Goal

by Mike Gatto (CalMatters)  … However, experts tell us that it may take decades for electrics to replace the millions of light-duty cars and trucks on our roads — and even

May 1, 2020 Read Full Article

Chicago Suburban Fleets Recognized for B20 Use

(Illinois Soybean Association/Biodiesel Magazine) Two Chicago-area fleets rank among the 100 Best Fleets in the Americas, an annual list of the top public fleets in North and South America. The Forest

April 30, 2020 Read Full Article

Biodiesel vs. Diesel: Everything You Need to Know

(Car and Driver) Are you thinking about switching to a biodiesel-compatible vehicle or running your current diesel car or truck on biodiesel fuel? Continue reading to learn the pros and

April 28, 2020 Read Full Article

Oberon Fuels Combats Covid-19 Economy with New Hires, Renewable DME Facility Upgrades

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest)  … In comes news of public-private investments, rural economic development and employment, and even human health. With two new executive position veteran hires, up

April 27, 2020 Read Full Article

Harvard Study Bolsters Ethanol’s Role In Protecting Public Health, Saving Lives

(Oklahoma Farm Bureau)  … The Harvard team’s recent findings underscore the need to power more of our transportation system with non-petroleum-based fuels, like ethanol. The research team looked specifically at polluted areas

April 21, 2020 Read Full Article

Trump Administration Declines to Stiffen US Clean Air Standards Comment DEADLINE June 29, 2020

by Emily Holden   (The Guardian)  EPA chief Wheeler says current soot regulations are adequate despite research that shows stricter rules could save thousands of lives — Under the current standard, which

April 15, 2020 Read Full Article

Converting Biomass Plant into RNG – Site Layout, Catalysts Requirements: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to Low-Carbon Renewable Natural Gas from Wood Wastes – Part 1

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest)  California needs facilities that can dramatically reduce GHG emissions and black carbon production by using wood waste, according to GTI. The closing of biomass

April 15, 2020 Read Full Article

New Diesel Engine Powered by Ethanol ClearFlame Engines Can Cut Diesel Emissions Burning Straight Ethanol

by Todd Neeley (DTN Progressive Farmer) When ClearFlame Engines CEO B.J. Johnson told ethanol industry representatives about the potential ethanol market for the company’s all-ethanol diesel engine, those at the recent

March 5, 2020 Read Full Article

Rubis Launches Renewable Diesel

(Rubis)  Rubis, the Channel Islands’ most forward-thinking fuel distributor, is launching an advanced biofuel, as an immediate solution towards Jersey’s objective to reduce carbon emissions. — After Scandinavian and Baltic

February 11, 2020 Read Full Article

Turning Household Waste into Liquefied Biofuel to Save Electricity

by Edgar Brandt (New Era Live)  The founder of Nghishe Biotech, Charles Haluodi, has developed a system to convert organic waste such as food, animal and plant waste, into environmentally

February 7, 2020 Read Full Article

Researchers Work on Project to Develop Cleaner-Burning, Renewable Fuels

(TechXplore/University of Central Florida) Biofuels offer potential benefits as renewable fuels with cleaner emissions, but with thousands of types of biofuels to choose from, it makes it hard for the energy

February 4, 2020 Read Full Article

Research Yields Potential Bioblendstock for Diesel Fuel

(National Renewable Energy Laboratory/Phys.Org)  The NREL scientists, along with colleagues at Yale University, Argonne National Laboratory, and Oak Ridge National Laboratory, are part of the Department of Energy’s Co-Optimization of

December 19, 2019 Read Full Article

Regional Proposal for Clean Transportation Reaches Milestone States and D.C. Invite Feedback on Draft MOU, Share Estimates of Potential Benefits for Health, Environment, Economy DEADLINE February 28, 2020

(Transportation and Climate Initiative/Georgetown Climate Center)  The bipartisan group of Northeast and Mid-Atlantic jurisdictions that make up the Transportation and Climate Initiative (TCI) today invited public input on a new

December 17, 2019 Read Full Article

Fact Sheet: The Growth in Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Commercial Aviation — Part 1 of a Series on Airlines and Climate Change

by Jeff Overton (Environmental and Energy Study Institute) This fact sheet begins a series on commercial aviation, by examining the impact the growth of air travel and freight will have

October 25, 2019 Read Full Article

Climate Change, Short Lived Climate Pollutants, Black Carbon and Clean Diesel

(Diesel Technology Forum)  Thanks to the introduction of ultra-low sulfur diesel fuel, more efficient engines and more effective emissions control technologies, diesel engines, vehicles and equipment are a small and

October 22, 2019 Read Full Article

City Fleets Run on Bio-Based Diesel Fuels, Meeting Sustainability Goals while Delivering Essential Services

(Diesel Technology Forum)  Cities gain substantial emissions performance improvements, greenhouse gas reductions and cost savings by using the latest-generation diesel powertrains combined with bio-based diesel fuels —  More cities and counties

October 22, 2019 Read Full Article

Oh My Neste MY: The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to Neste’s Renewable Diesel

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Neste’s MY renewable diesel is the best part of ‘diesel molecules’ and diesel specs, according to Neste. Check out this presentation by Dirk Vaughn, Head

August 21, 2019 Read Full Article

British Airways and Shell to Build Europe’s First Facility to Convert Rubbish into Jet Fuel

by Oliver Gill (The Telegraph) British Airways and Royal Dutch Shell have submitted plans to build Europe’s first plant that converts household waste into jet fuel. The duo will work with

August 20, 2019 Read Full Article

Braathens Regional Airlines, Air BP, ATR and Neste Collaborate to Achieve the ‘Perfect Flight’

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest)  In Sweden, a “perfect flight” took off. What exactly is a “perfect flight”? For some of you, it might mean wingsuit flying done by daring humans but

May 23, 2019 Read Full Article

Neste MY Renewable Jet Fuel Wins Award for Reduction of Black Carbon Emissions

(Neste)  Neste MY Renewable Jet Fuel has won an award for its role in reducing black carbon emissions in a competition jointly organized by the Climate Leadership Coalition, the Bioenergy Association

May 9, 2019 Read Full Article

A Sweet Approach to Clean Cooking

by Danilo De Oliveira Pereira (United National Industrial Development Organization)  UNIDO is implementing a programme which creates value chains of clean cooking fuels and technologies in several countries. With a “market enabling

April 25, 2019 Read Full Article

Fonterra Making Move to Environmentally Cleaner Fuel Option

by Angie Skerrett (NewsHub)  A new diesel biofuel made from an agricultural by-product is helping power Fonterra’s milk tanker fleet, and it’s hoped more transport operators will follow suit. Z Energy

March 14, 2019 Read Full Article

Biofuel Use Reduces Aviation Emissions and Contrail Cirrus Climate Effects

by S. Himmelstein  (Engineering 360) Aviation makes a significant contribution to anthropogenic climate forcing in the form of soot, aerosol and greenhouse gas emissions. Soot emissions are responsible for the formation of

February 27, 2019 Read Full Article

ICAO’s Technical Committee Agrees Increase in Stringency Level on Particulates and CORSIA Sustainable Aviation Fuel Methodologies

(GreenAir Online)  ICAO’s Committee on Aviation Environmental Protection (CAEP) has agreed to increase the stringency level of a standard limiting emissions of non-volatile Particulate Matter (nvPM) from aircraft engines. The technical committee’s 11th

February 22, 2019 Read Full Article

Heavy Duty Diesels: The Digest’s Multi-Slide Guide to Cummins

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Cummins is conducting diesel research on mixing controlled compression ignition and advanced compression ignition with low reactivity fuels. John Deur from Cummins gave this illuminating overview

January 9, 2019 Read Full Article

UC Riverside Team Examines Influence of Mid-and High-Level Ethanol Blends on Pollution from GDI Flex Fuel Vehicle

(Green Car Congress)  A team from the University of California Riverside has investigated the influence of low-, mid-, and high-ethanol fueling—as well as the influence of the aromatic hydrocarbons in the

January 2, 2019 Read Full Article

Investors Turn Kenya’s Troublesome Invasive Water Hyacinth into Cheap Fuel

by Benson Rioba (Inter Press Service) Water hyacinth is a weed and if not controlled on Lake Victoria, experts are concerned that the lake’s water levels might drop by 60 percent.

December 21, 2018 Read Full Article

Biodiesel By-Product Helps Fuel Come Clean

(King Abdullah University of Science and Technology/Phys.org)  … This work on glycerol carbonate also supports Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 initiative, which aims to diversify the Kingdom’s economy from its current

December 5, 2018 Read Full Article

Dairy Industry Sustainability Summit Dairy Industry Inaugural Summit Highlights Methane Emission Solutions

by Cliff Gladstein (ACT News)  … One of the best, easiest and most cost-effective ways to reduce methane emissions from dairies is to divert manure to lagoon anaerobic digesters, clean the biogas

September 1, 2018 Read Full Article

To Kill Climate Rule, EPA Wants to Redefine Danger of Soot

by Niina Heikkinen (E&E News)   Whether it’s in haze-shrouded cities, plumes of car exhaust or even clear skies, fine particle pollution can be found just about everywhere in the United States.

August 7, 2018 Read Full Article

New Research Shows the Health Benefits of Ethanol-Fueled Cookstoves

by Jieyi Lu (Environmental and Energy Study Institute)  Today, about three billion people still cook and heat their homes with traditional stoves and solid fuels worldwide. These fuels and stoves are

May 7, 2018 0 comment Read Full Article

SF Tour Boat Company Switches Entire Fleet to Renewable Diesel

by Betsy Lillian (NGT News)  Red and White Fleet, a San Francisco tour boat company, has switched its entire fleet of vessels from petroleum diesel to Neste MY Renewable Diesel. Neste

April 17, 2018 Read Full Article

Weak Governance at UN Shipping Agency Delaying Action on Climate Change

(Transparency International Secretariat)  The International Maritime Organisation (IMO) is at risk of unresolved conflicts of interest due to shortcomings in its governance, according to preliminary key findings of a new study by Transparency

April 9, 2018 Read Full Article

Impact of Biofuels on Contrail Warming

by Fabio Caiazzo, Akshat Agarwal, Raymond L Speth and Steven R H Barrett (Environmental Research Letters)  Contrails and contrail-cirrus may be the largest source of radiative forcing (RF) attributable to aviation. Biomass-derived

January 25, 2018 Read Full Article

NASA and DLR Investigate the Impact of Aviation on the Climate – Joint Flight Tests on Alternative Fuel Emissions

(German Aerospace Center (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, DLR)) Three weeks of research flights from Ramstein Air Base; NASA DC-8 and DLR A320 ATRA fly together; The focus is on particle emissions

January 15, 2018 Read Full Article

Tri Delta Transit Goes All-In with Neste MY Renewable Diesel

by Joseph Bebon (NGT News) Tri Delta Transit, which provides public transportation in Eastern Contra Costa County, Calif., has switched its entire fleet of transit buses from operating on petroleum diesel

December 7, 2017 Read Full Article

Carbon Negative, Compression Ignition: The Digest’s 2017 Multi-Slide Guide to Oberon Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Oberon Fuels is facilitating the growth of the DME transportation industry by converting biogas and other hydrocarbon rich waste streams to higher valued commodities such as

October 26, 2017 Read Full Article

Scania Will Provide Clean Buses to 20 Major Cities

(Scania) Scania today joins the Global Industry Partnership on Soot-Free Clean Bus Fleets with a commitment to, by 2018, provide modern soot-free buses to 20 major cities in Africa, Asia, Latin

October 10, 2017 Read Full Article

DLR and Lufthansa Technik Investigate Biofuels in New Study

(DLR) In a large-scale test, DLR combustion researchers investigated the use of biofuels as well as blends of biofuels and kerosene in a real engine. Biofuels have the potential to

June 12, 2017 Read Full Article

Clariant Cellulosic Ethanol Donation Lets 1,000 Malagasy Families Cook Safer and Cleaner

(Project Gaia)  Clariant, a world leader in specialty chemicals and one of the leading providers globally of cellulosic ethanol production technology, and Project Gaia, a non-profit promoting the use of

May 31, 2017 Read Full Article

International Competitiveness and the Auto Industry: What’s the Role of Motor Vehicle Emission Standards? — May 22, 2017 — Washington, DC

  International Competitiveness and the Auto Industry: What’s the Role of Motor Vehicle Emission Standards? — May 22, 2017 — Washington, DC

Please join the Bipartisan Policy Center and the International Council on Clean Transportation for a panel discussion on how motor vehicle emission standards influence the international competitiveness of auto manufacturers

May 22, 2017 Read Full Article

Climate Change: Biofuels ‘Could Limit Jet Contrails’

by Jonathan Amos (BBC)  Some close-quarter flying has provided new insights into aircraft pollution.  —  US space agency-led scientists flew small, instrumented, chase planes directly in the exhaust plume of a

March 28, 2017 Read Full Article

Yale, Penn State Team Receives $1.2M Co-Optima Award to Investigate Sooting Behavior of Biofuels

(MoveEnergy)  Penn State Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering Yuan Xuan and researchers at Yale University will work together to identify clean-burning biofuels for next-generation internal combustion engines under to a

March 6, 2017 Read Full Article

Scripps Research Vessel, ‘Sproul,’ Realizes Biofuel Milestone

by Judith Garfield (San Diego Community Newspaper Group) … In my first article “Scripps research on biofuels hits close to home Part 1,”readers traveled with me on Scripps Institution of

February 27, 2017 Read Full Article

Phasing out Cookstoves a ‘Win-Win’ for Climate and Health, Study Shows

by Roz Pidcock (Carbon Brief)  Replacing traditional wood and coal-burning cookstoves with cleaner technology could trim nearly a tenth of a degree from global temperature and save more than 10

February 6, 2017 0 comment Read Full Article

Port of Seattle, Boeing and Alaska Airlines Release Aviation Biofuel Infrastructure Findings

(Port of Seattle) Existing pipeline, transportation resources, zoning and land use laws could accommodate new aviation biofuel blending, storage and delivery infrastructure  —  ​The Port of Seattle, Boeing and Alaska Airlines

January 17, 2017 Read Full Article

Walk This Way: NYC Agrees to Run D.M.E. in New Fuels Trial

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  …  This week, a company known as Oberon Fuels running a DME technology is coming Straight Outta New York City with the idea that you

January 16, 2017 Read Full Article

Replacing Diesel: The Digest’s 2017 Multi-Slide Guide to Oberon Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Oberon Fuels is facilitating the growth of the DME transportation industry by converting biogas and other hydrocarbon rich waste streams to higher valued commodities such

January 2, 2017 Read Full Article

Energy Department Announces Up to $7 Million for the Co-Optimization of Fuels and Engines

(U.S. Department of Energy)  Today, the Energy Department (DOE) announced up to $7 million for eight universities to accelerate the introduction

December 29, 2016 Read Full Article

Renewable Diesel Powers Hamburg Airport’s Heavy-Duty Ground fleet

by Ron Kotrba (Biomass Magazine)  Neste Corp. announced that Hamburg airport in Germany has started using its renewable diesel to reduce

November 25, 2016 Read Full Article

The High-Flown Fantasy of Aviation Biofuels

by Almuth Ernsting (Biofuelwatch/The Biomass Monitor)  …  As far as Branson and his airline, Virgin Atlantic, were concerned, the flight was

September 12, 2016 Read Full Article

Biodiesel a Fuel Option for Army Workboats

by John Simpson (Engineering 360) A three-year study to evaluate the feasibility of using biodiesel fuel in U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

September 11, 2016 Read Full Article

Biodiesel from the Right Sources Can Burn More Cleanly than Regular Diesel: Report

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In California, the Mineta National Transit Research Consortium at San José State University released a study

August 30, 2016 Read Full Article

How Different Is Diesel from Biodiesel, Really?

by Laurie Winkless (Materials Today)  Australian researchers have found that particulate emissions from a diesel exhaust are heavily influenced by

May 19, 2016 Read Full Article

Climate and Health Impacts of US Emissions Reductions Consistent with 2 °C

by Drew T. Shindell, Yunha Lee & Greg Faluvegi (Nature Climate Change)  An emissions trajectory for the US consistent with 2 °C

February 23, 2016 0 comment Read Full Article

From February 2016: Approval for Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil (HVO): Mercedes-Benz Truck Models Approved for Alternative Fuel HVO

(Daimler)  Approval for trucks with heavy-duty OM 470, OM 471 engines as well as medium-duty OM 936 and OM 934

February 23, 2016 Read Full Article

Biodiesel Taking a Bite out of Emissions in the Big Apple

by Tom Slunecka (Biodiesel Magazine/Minnesota Soybean Research & Promotion Council) … For those of us old enough to remember the 1970s (I

February 10, 2016 Read Full Article

What Do the Super Bowl, UPS, the City of San Francisco and the Local Water Untility in Eugene, Oregon All Have in Common?

(Diesel Technology Forum) They are all committed to using renewable diesel fuel.  Interest in renewable diesel fuel is growing quickly

January 28, 2016 Read Full Article

Hyacinths and Sawdust Used to Combat Africa’s Cooking Pollution

by Anna Hirtenstein (Bloomberg/The Washington Post)  A brew made from sawdust and water hyacinth flowers may help reduce the millions of

November 17, 2015 Read Full Article

EPA Says Volkswagen Cheated a 2nd Time on Pollution Tests

by Matthew Daly and Tom Krisher (Associated Press/Washington Post)  … The Environmental Protection Agency, along with the California Air Resources Board, said

November 3, 2015 Read Full Article

How Could Volkswagen’s Top Engineers Not Have Known?

by DuneLawrence, Benjamin Elgin, Vernon Silver (Bloomberg Business)  … From February through April 2013, they (researchers from West Virginia University’s Center for Alternative

October 23, 2015 Read Full Article

UPM BioVerno Diesel Found to Reduce Tailpipe Emissions

(Biofuels International)  Wood-based BioVerno diesel by Finland’s UPM has been found to significantly reduce harmful tailpipe emissions, the company reports.

October 1, 2015 Read Full Article

Oberon Fuels, Ford and FVV Partner to Build, Fuel, and Test the World’s First Production Passenger Car Powered by DME

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In California, Oberon Fuels, Ford Motor Company, and FVV have partnered on a 3-year, €3.5M

September 16, 2015 Read Full Article

Fuel Emissions – Gas, Ethanol, E85, Kerosene

(McHenry County Farm Bureau)  Larry, Ag in the Classroom Coordinator for McHenry County Farm Bureau shows us differences in fuel

September 2, 2015 Read Full Article

NASA Begins Flight Research Campaign Using Alternate Jet Fuel

(National Aeronautics and Space Administration)   NASA researchers have begun a series of flights using the agency’s DC-8 flying laboratory to

March 4, 2013 Read Full Article

Black Carbon Ranks as Second-Biggest Human Cause of Global Warming

by Juliet Eilperin (The Washington Post)  Soot ranks as the second-largest human contributor to climate change, exerting twice as much

January 16, 2013 Read Full Article

Analysis of 100 Percent Biofuel Tested in Flight by NRC Reveals Reduction in Emissions

(National Research Council Canada/Aviation.ca)  Results from the world’s first civil flight powered by 100 percent biofuel released by the National

January 11, 2013 Read Full Article

Biomass Burning Really Heats Things Up: New Study Shows Significance of Fire's Brown Carbon for Global Warming

(Institute for Governance & Sustainable Development / Environmental News Network)  Emissions from forest fires and other biomass burning has a

July 6, 2012 Read Full Article

Members of the European Parliament Call for Cuts in Non-CO2 Greenhouse Emissions

(European Parliament)   Great efforts have been made to reduce CO2 emissions in Europe and internationally, but a number of

September 19, 2011 Read Full Article

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canarygrass Canary Islands canary reed grass candle nut cannabis canola/rapeseed canola straw cap-and-invest cap-and-trade carbohydrates carbon carbon-efficient fuels carbon capture and storage (CCS) carbon capture and utilization (CCU) carbon cost carbon credit carbon credit markets carbon cycle carbon debt Carbon Dioxide (CO2) carbon efficiency carbon emissions carbon fiber Carbon Intensity (CI) carbon life cycle carbon markets Carbon Monoxide (CO) carbon negative carbon neutrality carbon offsets carbon price carbon recycling carbon sequestration carbon sink carbon tax carbon tax-and-dividend Carbon tax border adjustments carbon user fee Carbon Utilization and Biogas Education Program carcinogens cardoon Caribbean carinata/brassica carinata carob cashew cashew apple CASI CAS Registry Cassava cassava price cassava pulp cassava stalk castor bean castor stalk catalysis catalysts catalytic decarboxylation catalytic hydrothermal conversion-to-jet (CHCJ) catalytic hydrothermal gasification catalytic hydrothermolysis jet CHJ pathway cattle cavitation CBD (cannabidiol) cell culturing cellulase enzymes cellulose cellulosic biofuel Cellulosic biomass cellulosic diesel Cellulosic ethanol cellulosic ethanol price cellulosic feedstock cellulosic production tax credit cellulosic sugars Cellulosic Tax Credit cellulosic waiver credit cement Central African Republic Central America Certificate Program certification certification fuels cesium cetane Chad change in soil condition charging stations CHCJ-5 Chesapeake Bay chicken feathers chickens Chile China chitin chufa/cyperus esculents/nutsedge CIA circular economy citrus citrus greening disease Citrus Peel clean air Clean Air Act (CAA) clean diesel Clean Power Plan (CPP) Clean Water Act climate change Climate Change Adaptation climate change effects climate change mitigation climate legislation climate smart agriculture closed-loop system Clostridium thermocellum cloud point clover CNG Conversion kit co co-generation co-location co-operative Co-op Extension co-processing co-products CO2 Sequestration coal Coal and Biomass to Liquid (CBTL) coastal habitat conservation coastal hay Coast Guard cobalt cock's foot cocoa Coconut coffee coffee cherries coffee grounds coffee pulp cold-tolerance cold flow college/university Colombia Colorado combined heat and power (CHP) Comment Request commercial flights commercialization commissioning Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) commodity trading common reed Community activity community college Community involvement community scale Community Wood Energy Program competition compliance compliance credits compost Compressed Natural Gas (CNG / R-CNG) compression-ignition engine compression ratios computer simulation concrete condensate Congo Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Connecticut Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) construction and demolition waste/debris consumer education contamination contest contrails conversion technology cooking fuel cook stoves cooperatives COP21 COP22 COP23 COP24 COP25 copper coppice cordgrass corn-based products corn/maize corn bran Corn cobs corn ethanol corn fiber corn growers corn harvest corn kernel corn meal corn oil corn oil/distillers corn oil (DCO) corn prices corn stalks corn stover corn supply corn surplus corn syrup Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards corporate social responsibility corrosion corruption CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) cosmetics Costa Rica cotton cotton seed hulls cotton seed oil cotton stalk cottonwood Council on Environmental Quality cover crops cow rumen cracking Crambe crimes Croatia crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude oil Cuba cuphea cup plant currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cutworm caterpillars cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) cylindro Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D5 (5%DME) D20 (20%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA date palm date palm pits Dates DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act deficit definitions deforestation defossilization Delaware DeltaWing demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify density Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security Department of Justice Department of Labor Department of the Interior Department of Transportation (DOT) depolymerization depots dextrose diatoms diesel diesel-range hydrocarbons diesel-to-biodiesel conversion Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) diesel fuel blendstock diesel prices diethyl ether digital Digital Biology dilute acid hydrolysis pretreatment DIN 51605 DIN EN 15376 (Ethanol blending component) direct-to-fuel direct air capture directed evolution direct injection Direct Sugar to Hydrocarbon Conversion (DSHC) dispense distillates distillation distilled biodiesel distilleries distributed/centralized distribution distribution capacity distribution waiver diversification divestment DME/rDME (dimethyl ether)/renewable DME Dominican Republic double cropping Drones/Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) drop-in biofuels/hydrocarbons drought drought-resistant drought tolerant dual cropping Dubai duckweed e-diesel e-LNG e-methanol E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E2 E3 E5 E5 price E6 E7 E8 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E40 E50 E55 E78 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 E100 E100 conversion kit earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED95 educatio education educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency Egypt Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric grid electricity electricity/power generation electricity price electrocatalysis electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants El Salvador embargo emissions emissions standards EN 228 EN 590 EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 end-of-life Endangered Species Act (ESA) end user Energy Bill energy cane energy consumption energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy reserves Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine/Fuel Co-optimization Engine Development engineering engine problems England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment Environmentalists environmental justice environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling enzymes Enzyme solicitation EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) ethane ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol benefits ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol blend wall ethanol emissions ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol tolerance Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication externalities extremophiles f F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farmers farming farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices Feedstocks feedstock storage feedstock transportation fermentation ferry fertilizer F Factor fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch/FT Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose flameleaf sumac flavors flax Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) Flightpath flight tests flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources forestry Forest Service fossil carbon fossil fuel fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) free fatty acids (FFA) French fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon Gambia gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline-range hydrocarbons gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gas prices gas tax/highway user fee General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) giant cane Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government subsidies grains grain sorghum/milo grain speculators GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green/black economy green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery GREET model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala guayule Guinea Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP h Haiti Halophytes harvesting harvest site processing Hawaii hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ health health benefits health effects heat-tolerance heating oil/fuel heat of combustion heat of vaporization Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) HFS-SIP hibiscus High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Honge tree nuts Hong Kong hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 Hybrid aircraft hybrids hydrocarbon fuels hydrodeoxygenation hydrofaction hydrogen Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogen fuel cells hydrogenolysis hydrogen price hydrogen pumps hydropower hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois illuppai ILUC (Indirect Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indiana Indian beech tree Indian grass indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial ethanol industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insects insurance integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine International international balance of payments International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica jamelão Japan jatobá Jatropha Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 Jetfuel (Sustainable Alternative Jetfuel (SAJF)/Renewable Jetfuel (RJF) Jimmy Carter Jobs jojoba Jordan JP-4 JP-5 JP-8 JP-10 juniper Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kamani Kansas Kans grass Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kero kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati Knowledge Discovery Framework Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kulpa kusum Kuwait Kygryzstan labels Labrador lactose Lake County lamp oil landfill methane Landfills land ownership land prices land rights landscape land subsidence land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead Leadtree leaf ant Lebanon legislation Legislation-Federal Legislation-State lemna lend-lease Lesotho lesquerella leucaena Liberia Libya licensing lichens life cycle analysis (LCA) lignin Lignin Ethanol Oil (LEO) Lignocellulosic Biofuel lignocellulosic sugars Lipid liquefaction liquid liquidation liquid petroleum gas (LPG) liquid transportation fuels Liquified Biogas (LBG) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logistics long-term contracts Louisiana low carbon emissions low carbon octane standard (LCOS) Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel low sulfur fuel low sulfur marine fuel lubricants lumber mill Luxembourg lysis M3 M15 M50 M100 ma macadamia macauba Macedonia machine learning Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona management changes mandates mangaba manganese mango mangrove Manitoba mannose manure maple maps marginal land Marine/Maritime Biofuel marine algae Marine Corps Marine Diesel Oil (MDO) Marine Gas Oil (MGO) market forces marketing markets/sales market share Mars Marshall Islands Maryland Masdar Institute Massachusetts mass balance standard Master Limited Partnership (MLP) Mauritius Mazda meat mechanics training medical waste MEEC membranes mergers and acquisitions mesquite methan methanation methane/biomethane methane leaks methanization Methanol/Biomethanol/Renewable Methanol methanol price Mexico Michelin GreenX Challenge Michigan micro-crop microalgae microbiology microorganisms/microbes microwave Mid-Atlantic Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military reserves military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels millennium fruit millet millettia pinnata milo stover minerals mining Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold molybdenum Monaco Mongolia mongongo Montana Montenegro moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES2014 Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed Myanmar n-butanol nahar Namibia nano nanocatalysts nanocellulose nanomaterials nano particles naphtha/bionaphtha NASCAR National Academies of Science National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) National Guard National Highway Traffic Safety Administration National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Laboratory National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Oilheat Research Alliance National Park Service National Research Council National Science Foundation (NSF) national security National Transportation Safety Board Native American tribes natural gas Natural Gas Act natural gas input natural gasoline natural gas prices natural gas vehicles Navy Nebraska neem negative carbon emissions neodymium Nepal net energy balance Netherlands Nevada New Brunswick Newfoundland new fuel approval New Guinea New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New South Wales New York New Zealand next generation biofuels next generation vehicles NHRA drag racing Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrogen starvation nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota northern catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory North Korea Northwest Territories Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds NTSB nuclear Nunavut nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition nut shells oak oat hulls oats oat straw Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) offtake agreements Ohio oil oil embargo oil exploration oil monopoly oil price parity oil prices oil production oil refineries oil replacement Oils oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil speculators oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes Oklahoma olefins olive cake olive oil olive pits olives olive water Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) open fuel standard open pond opportunity zones optimized flex fuel vehicles orange peel orchard grass orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells OSHA Overseas Private Investment Corporation overview overview/survey course oxygen oxygenate ozone Pakistan Palau palm palm biomass palm fatty acid distillate palm fiber palm fronds palm kernel palm kernel oil palm kernel shell palm oil palm oil mill effluent (POME) palm oil prices palm waste Paludiculture/peatland cultivation Panama pandas panic grass papaya paper Papua Indonesia Papua New Guinea paraffins Paraguay parity partial waiver particulates pasture land Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) patents pathways Paulownia paulownia tree payments peaches peak oil peak oil demand peanuts/groundnuts peas pectin peela kaner pellets Pennsylvania pennycress/stinkweed pentane pentanol pentose pequi perennial grains perennial grasses Performance permitting Peru pest-tolerance pesticide-tolerance pests petition petroleum pharmaceuticals phase separation Philippines phosphorus photobioreactor photosynthesis phragmites pigeon pea pilot scale pine pineapple pine beetle pine nut pinion pipelines Pistacia chinensis PLA plant cell research plant cell walls plant oil plastic plastic-to-jet Plug-in Flex Fuel Hybrid Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) plume grass Poland poli Policy politics pollinators pollution pollution control polyfuel polymer polymerization polysaccharides pomace pomegranates pongamia pongamia pinnata poplar poppy population control Portable refinery Portugal poster sessions potamogeton potassium potato poultry litter power-to-x/gas/liquid prairie grasses pre-processing precision farming/agriculture precursors/biointermediates premium gasoline Pretreatment pretreatment equipment price price of water prickly pear Prince Edward Island process flow diagram producer tax credit Production tax credit productivity project insurance propagating Propane/Biopropane/Renewable Propane propanol property insurance propylene protectionism protein protests public comments public health policy Puerto Rico pulp Pulp/Paper Mill pump retrofit kit pumps pungam Punnai tree pyrolysis Q-RIN QAP Qatar quality assurance Quality Assurance Plans (QAPs) quality improvement quantum dots Quebec Queensland quote of the week r R33 rabbits race radiata pine Rahal Letterman Lanigan Racing railroad rainforest rain tree RAND rare earth metal RD20 RD30 RD99 RD100 reclaimed mine lands recycled oil recycled plastics recycling red algae redcedar Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation refineries reforestation Reformate regenerative braking regenerative farming regulation regulations Regulations-Federal Regulations-State Regulatory Enhancement Growth Support (REGS) Reid vapor pressure (RVP) remediation remediation rice straw Renewable Chemical renewable chemical producer tax incentive renewable chemical production tax credit renewable d Renewable Diesel/Green Diesel/Paraffinic Diesel Renewable Diesel/Green Diesel price Renewable Diesel Production renewable diesel pumps renewable diesel tax credit renewable diesel terminal Renewable Energy Renewable Energy Directive (RED and RED II) Renewable Energy Standard Renewable Energy to Fuels through Utilization of Energy-Dense Liquids (REFUEL) renewable fuel renewable fuel oil (RFO) Renewable Fuels Directive (EU) Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS2) revisions/repeal Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS and RFS2) renewable gasoline blendstock renewable marine diesel Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) price Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) pumps Renewable Portfolio Standards Renewable Power Standard Renewable Synthesized Iso-Paraffinic Fuels (SIP) Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation (RTFO) renewable volume obligation (RVO) RenovaBio replacement molecules Repowering Assistance Program repurpose research and development research facility resiliency resource depletion retail retrofit return on investment R Factor RFI (Request for Information) RFS "reset" RHD100 Rhizosphere Observations Optimizing Terrestrial Sequestration (ROOTS) Rhode Island Ricardo rice rice bran oil rice hulls rice husks rice price rice straw RICO (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act) RIMPAC RINs (Renewable Identification Numbers) RINs markets RINs price risk management RJ-4 RJ-6 RME (rape methyl ester) RME180 RNA (Ribonucleic acid) roadmap rocket fuel Romania RON (Research Octane Number) rotation crops royalties RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber rumen ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Russia Russian olive rutabaga Rwanda ry rye Rye grass s saccharification Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower sago pond weed SAIC SAK Salicornia salt-tolerant saltbush saltcedar sal tree salt water Sanctions Santa Monica sardine oil Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Advisory Board (SAB) Science Policy Scotland scum sea level rise seashore mallow seawater Seaweed/Macroalgae seaweed cultivation Section 526 Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) seed-to-wheel seed husks Senegal Serbia sesame sewage Seychelles shale shale gas shale oil shark oil sheep shipping shipping containers shipworm Sierra Leone silica Silphie/cup plant/Indian cup silver silver maple simarouba Singapore sisal SK slash Slovakia Slovakia/Slovak Republic Slovenia sludge Small Business Administration small engines small refinery exemption (SRE) smog smokestack soap Social social cost social value social venture Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) soi soil soil amendments soil carbon soil health soil microbial biomass solar-to-fuels solar biofuels solar energy solar energy-to-chemical conversion solaris solid oxide fuel cell Solutions solvent liquefaction Somalia soot sorghum sorghum oil sorghum stover South Africa South America South Australia South Carolina South Dakota Southeast Asia Southern Africa South Korea South Pacific South Sudan Soviet Union SOx (Sulfur oxides) soybean prices soybeans soy meal Spain spartina specifications sprawl spruce Sri Lanka Stakeholders standards start-up State Department Statistics steam explosion steam reformation steel stevia stillage storage tanks Straight (pure) Vegetable Oil (SVO or PVO) stranded assets Strategic Bioenergy Reserve STrategiv Petroleum Reserve straw students su sub-Saharan Africa sub-sim (substantially similar) succinic acid sucrose Sudan sugar sugar-to-biodiesel sugar-to-farnesane sugar-to-jetfuel Sugar Beets/Energy Beets sugarcane sugarcane prices sugarcane straw Sugar kelp sugar palm sugar platform sugar prices sugars sugars-to-fats sugar standards sulfur Sumatra sunflower supercritical fluid supercritical hydrolysis supply agreements supply chain Supreme Court surahart Suriname sustai Sustainability Swaziland Sweden sweetgum sweet potatoes Sweet sorghum swine waste Switchgrass Switzerland sycamore syngas syngas fermentation synthetic biology synthetic diesel synthetic gasoline synthetic liquified gas (SLG) synthetic methane Syria Tailoring Rule Taiwan Tajikistan tall fescue tall oil tallow tallow tree Tamarix tank-to-wheel tank cars tankers tanker trucks Tanzania tariffs taro tar sands Tasmania tax benefit tax credit taxes tax incentives tax parity tax policy tea teach-the-teacher teacher teacher resources teacher training technical course Technical Readiness Levels techno-economic analysis technology transfer tech transfer telephone utility poles Tennessee termites terpenes terrestrial carbon testing Texas textbook Thailand theft therapeutics thermal deoxygenation thermocatalytic conversion thermochemical conversion thermochemical liquefaction Tier 3 Tier 4 tilapia tillage Timor-Leste tires tobacco tobacco tree Togo Tokyo toluene Tonga tool Toronto torrefaction Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) trade trade dispute/discrimination trade group trade organization Trade Policy trade secrets training trains transesterification transgenics transition Transportation Fuels Policy Transportation Fuels Policy--Municipal Transportation Fuels Policy--State Transportation Policy Treasury Department trees Trinidad and Tobago triticale trucks tubers tung tunicate Tunisia Turkey UCOME (Used Cooking Oil Methyl Ester) Uganda UK (United Kingdom) Ukraine UL (Underwriters Laboratory) ULSD (ultra low sulfur diesel) Ultra Low Sulfur Fuel Oil (ULSFO) underground 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