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Biofuels Coalition Files Brief Challenging 31 Small Refinery Exemptions in 2018

(Renewable Fuels Association) The Renewable Fuels Association, Growth Energy, National Corn Growers Association, National Biodiesel Board, American Coalition for Ethanol, and National Farmers Union today filed a brief challenging EPA’s August 2019 decision to exempt 31 small refineries from their obligations to comply

December 09, 2020 Read Full Article

New Study Links Texas Oil Refineries To Elevated Cancer Risk

by Tsvetana Paraskova (Oilprice.com) People who live close to oil refineries are at increased risk of cancer, a new study from the University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB) has found. Proximity to an oil refinery was associated with an increased risk of multiple cancer

December 07, 2020 Read Full Article

Oil Refineries See Profit in Turning Kitchen Grease into Diesel

by Clifford Krauss (New York Times)  Used cooking oil is one of the ingredients in renewable diesel, which generates far less emissions than conventional diesel and allows refineries to take advantage of federal and state incentives. --  ... Companies that

December 04, 2020 Read Full Article

Brazil Nears Key Downstream Sector Approvals in Drive for Cleaner Fuels

by Gareth Chetwynd (Upstream Online)  Mines & Energy Ministry expected to sign off next week on raft of new regulations to free up sector  -- Brazil’s Mines & Energy Ministry is expected to approve a batch of new regulations next week intended

December 02, 2020 Read Full Article

S&P Global Platts Launches Renewable Diesel Values in United States

(S&P Global Platts/Markets Insider)  S&P Global Platts ("Platts"), the leading independent provider of information and benchmark prices for the commodities and energy markets, today announced the launch of renewable diesel values for the Americas. These daily assessments bring transparency to

December 02, 2020 Read Full Article

Renewable Diesel Set to Grow outside California

by Jessica Dell (Argus Media)  New state-level low-carbon fuel standard (LCFS) programs and Canada's proposed Clean Fuel Standard will grow the market for renewable diesel and create demand centers out of California, biofuel producers said during Argus Biofuels Live virtual

December 02, 2020 Read Full Article

An Open Letter to the Ethanol Community from Ethanol Producers

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) ... (T)he overriding objective should be to increase demand, which increases ethanol volume and corn grind.  With that in mind, do we continue to fight for what is almost certain to be a reduced

November 30, 2020 Read Full Article

Refineries Are Fighting over Used Cooking Oil and Animal Fat

by Haley Zaremba  (OilPrice.com)  ... In the absence of gasoline demand, refineries have been casting around for alternate solutions to keep their plants up and running, and it looks like they may have found the answer: biofuels. Early on in

November 30, 2020 Read Full Article

West Coast Company Supports B.C.’s Green Targets by Turning Waste into Biofuel

(BIV.com) West Coast Reduction Ltd. was recycling long before environmental sustainability was a consideration. The company is now instrumental in helping B.C. achieve its greenhouse gas reduction targets by supporting next-generation biofuel production. West Coast Reduction is the largest supplier of liquid renewable

November 27, 2020 Read Full Article

Humber's Renewable Ambitions Make Grand Entrance

(Biobased Diesel Daily) The Phillips 66 Humber Refinery in the U.K. recently welcomed the latest addition to its growing renewable fuels infrastructure―a massive processing unit that will convert used cooking oil (UCO) into low-carbon fuel. "We are pleased to take delivery of

November 24, 2020 Read Full Article

The US Oil Industry Is Flailing Despite a $10 Billion Pandemic Lifeline

by Michael J. Coren  (Quartz)  The US oil and gas industry has received more than $10 billion from the federal government to cushion losses during the pandemic, according to a recent report analyzing federal financial data. That has offered a temporary reprieve even

November 24, 2020 Read Full Article

EPA: 6 More SRE Petitions Filed, 58 Now Pending

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) The U.S. EPA released updated small refinery exemption (SRE) data on Nov. 19, reporting that six additional SRE petitions have been filed with the agency, including one for Renewable Fuel Standard compliance year 2019 and

November 20, 2020 Read Full Article

OMV Petrom: Investments of EUR ~21 mn at Petrobrazi to Increase the Bio-Blending Capacity

(OMV Petrom)  OMV Petrom increased the annual bio-blending capacity at Petrobrazi from 200 kilotons to approximately 350 kilotons in order to supply fuels with increased quantities of bio-components into finished products;  The use of fuels with increased bio-content contributes to

November 20, 2020 Read Full Article

UK Refiners Push Back over 2030 Ban on New Fossil Fuel Cars

by Robert Perkins  (S&P Global Platts) Refiners call for more biofuels support; Move seen displacing 60,000 b/d of oil demand; Hybrids get reprieve until 2035, EV sales booming -- The UK's refining sector has voiced its opposition to the UK plans to bring

November 19, 2020 Read Full Article

Continental Refining Company Unveils Transformational “AgriTech” Plan for Refinery Plant in Somerset

(Continental Refining Company)  New Soybean Crushing Plant and Biodiesel Production Facility would be on the Cutting Edge of Food and Energy Production  -- Hemisphere Limited, the parent company of Continental Refining Company (CRC), announced that it is exploring plans to invest

November 19, 2020 Read Full Article

Small Refinery Gets Second Win in Battle for Renewable-Fuel Hardship Exemption

by Sebastien Malo  (Reuters/WestLaw) A federal appeals court vacated for the second time on Tuesday a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency denial of small oil refinery Ergon West Virginia Inc's (EWVI) request for an exemption from the country's biofuel regulations after finding

November 18, 2020 Read Full Article

CountryMark, Ceres Solutions and USDA Bring E15 to Rensselaer

(95.3 MNC) Jasper County, Indiana will soon have its first E15 fueling station thanks to efforts from two farmer-owned cooperatives and the U.S. Department of Agriculture. ... Ceres Solutions owns the CountryMark-branded station on North McKinley Avenue in Rensselaer, Indiana,

November 16, 2020 Read Full Article

Canola Seen Gaining Ground as Biofuel during COVID-19

by Sean Pratt (Western Producer) A drop in used cooking oil supplies because of the pandemic’s effect on restaurants has opened a door for the oilseed  --  COVID-19 is boosting the use of canola oil in the biofuel sector, says

November 13, 2020 Read Full Article

Petrom Wants to Build a Bioethanol Plant, Investment of 1.2 Billion Lei, Partly with European Money - Sources

by Mihai Nicut (Economica.net (Google Translation) OMV Petrom, the largest energy company in Romania, intends to build a bioethanol plant, partially using European money, according to sources close to the situation. Petrom submitted a project worth 1.2 billion lei to the Ministry

November 13, 2020 Read Full Article

Renewable Fuel Production Begins at Preem's Refinery in Lysekil

(Lysekil) For the first time, renewable raw materials are being converted to Swedish Environmental Class 1 diesel at Preem's refinery in Lysekil. The aim is to annually produce up to 950,000 cubic meters of renewable fuel by 2024. This is part of

November 12, 2020 Read Full Article

Petronas Looks to Achieve Net Zero Carbon Emissions Status by 2050

by Sambit Mohanty (S&P Global Platts)  Malaysia's state-run Petronas has set a target to achieve net zero carbon emissions status by 2050 as it steps up efforts to embrace cleaner forms of energy, joining a growing list of global oil

November 06, 2020 Read Full Article

CVR Energy Plans Potential Renewable Diesel Project at Coffeyville

by Laura Sanicola  (Reuters) CVR Energy Inc CVI.N plans to pursue a renewable diesel project at its 132,000 barrel per day (bpd) Coffeyville, Kansas, refinery if succeeds in producing the fuel at its Wynnewood, Oklahoma, plant, the refiner said Tuesday. CVR said it

November 06, 2020 Read Full Article

Maire Tecnimont Group's NextChem and Indian Oil Corporation Sign India's First Circular Economy MoU

(NextChem) Maire Tecnimont S.p.A. announces that NextChem, the Group’s subsidiary dedicated to green chemistry and technologies for the energy transition, and Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. (IndianOil), today have signed a Memorandum of Understanding for the development of industrial projects using NextChem technologies to foster the industrialization of

November 06, 2020 Read Full Article

Evolve or Die: US Refiners Grasp Renewables Lifeline to Stay Viable

by Janet McGurty (S&P Global Platts) Government incentives drive renewable diesel projects growth; Demand up as regional low carbon regulations increase -- Once the scourge of the US refining industry, some refiners are now looking to renewable fuels to help their bottom

November 05, 2020 Read Full Article

Manta Biofuels Launches Crowd Investment Campaign

by Joanne Ivancic* (Advanced Biofuels USA)   This week, Manta Biofuels has launched a crowd investment campaign on Republic and began reaching out to colleagues, business associates, mentors and friends, offering them a chance to invest in this growing business. Dedicated to

November 05, 2020 Read Full Article

Marathon Petroleum Corp. Reports Third-Quarter 2020 Results...Starting up Dickinson, N.D. Renewable Fuels Facility

(Marathon Petroleum Corp.)  ... "As we navigate these challenges, we remain focused on the aspects of our business within our control. First, we strengthened the competitive position of our assets by advancing our investments in renewables. Our Dickinson renewable fuels

November 04, 2020 Read Full Article

Neste to Acquire Bunge's Refinery Plant in Rotterdam to Increase Raw Material Pretreatment Capacity for the Production of Renewable Products

(Neste) Neste, the world's leading producer of renewable diesel and sustainable aviation fuel produced from waste and residue raw materials, has agreed to acquire Bunge Loders Croklaan's refinery plant located in Rotterdam, the Netherlands for a purchase price of 258 million

November 04, 2020 Read Full Article

The Energy 202: The Oil Industry Thinks It Can Work with Biden, Despite Call for 'Transition' Away from It

by Dino Grandoni with Alexandra Ellerbeck  (Washington Post)  Joe Biden said he wanted a “transition” away from the oil industry. But the oil industry itself thinks it can still work with the Democratic nominee should he win the White House

November 03, 2020 Read Full Article

BP to Halt Production at Kwinana Refinery

by Amanda Doyle (The Chemical Engineer)  ... BP is also exploring additional options for the site, such as a clean energy hub that could produce and store low carbon fuels. This could include sustainable aviation fuels and renewable diesel.  READ

November 03, 2020 Read Full Article

Ethanol Looks beyond Trump-Biden Bluster to Biofuel Reset

by Kim Chipman and Jennifer A Dlouhy  (Bloomberg Green)  Presidential, Iowa Senate races put biofuel in spotlight; Renewable Fuel Standard uncertainty clouds ethanol outlook  --  ... The winner will oversee a “reset” of the congressional mandate to blend biofuels with gasoline. This

November 02, 2020 Read Full Article

Pandemic Slashes Biofuels Usage across the Board in the UK

(Biofuels International)  Transportation biofuels’ usage in the UK fell steeply during the second half of this year mainly due to the COVID-19 global pandemic and its repercussions. The pandemic resulted in global lockdown measures, disrupted economic growth, led to serious job

October 29, 2020 Read Full Article

Joint Statement from Growth Energy and the Renewable Fuels Association on Motion for Partial Summary Judgment in FOIA Lawsuit Regarding Small Refinery Exemption Transparency

(Growth Energy/Renewable Fuels Association) Upon the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) failure to adequately respond to several Freedom of Information Act requests filed by the biofuels industry regarding the small refinery exemption (SRE) program and EPA’s radical escalation in granting SREs in

October 28, 2020 Read Full Article

“Flim Flam” Biofuels Company Wants to Buy the Largest East Coast Oil Refinery

by Steve Horn (The Real News)  ... The little-known company has pitched its proposal to convert the site into a biofuels refinery. It is run by a man one mayor has dubbed the “Flim Flam Man,” and the company has never actually opened

October 26, 2020 Read Full Article

RFA: Oil-State Senators Ask EPA to Violate the Law, Ignore the Courts

(Renewable Fuels Association) The Renewable Fuels Association today blasted the latest attempt by oil refiners and their supporters in the Senate to undermine the Renewable Fuel Standard. On Wednesday, a small group of oil-state Senators submitted a short letter to EPA Administrator Andrew

October 22, 2020 Read Full Article

Column: There's a Burning Mandate for Change, Green Jobs

by George Miller (Columbus Dispatch)  ... From geothermal steam in Nevada to the low-carbon biofuel feedstocks harvested across Ohio, carbon savings are available through the labor and ingenuity of green energy workers in every community. We’ve seen this strategy work in

October 21, 2020 Read Full Article

Alfa Laval Wins SEK 130 Million Renewable Energy Order in the US

(Alfa Laval/PR Newswire) Alfa Laval - a world leader in heat transfer, centrifugal separation and fluid handling - has won an order to supply a processing line to HollyFrontier Corporation to support the production of renewable diesel in the US. The

October 21, 2020 Read Full Article

Renewable Jet Fuel Tech: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to UOP

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) You’ve probably heard of Honeywell UOP, but did you know they are working on making commercial renewable aviation biofuels a reality? At ABLC Digital, they shared this illuminating slide guide on their latest projects, including ones with

October 21, 2020 Read Full Article

Facing Wave of Closures, Oil Refiners Turn to Biofuels

by Ron Bousso and Laura Sanicola (Reuters)  European and U.S. oil refineries face a wave of closures due to plateauing fuel demand, tightening environmental rules and overseas competition, prompting some owners to opt for an easier alternative - converting plants to

October 20, 2020 Read Full Article

Neste Sets Ambitious Target for Carbon Neutral Production by 2035

(Biofuels International) Neste has reiterated it is committed to reaching carbon-neutral production by 2035. The commitment complements Neste’s other strategic climate commitment of reducing customers’ greenhouse gas emissions by at least 20 million tonnes annually by 2030. “Neste’s purpose is to

October 16, 2020 Read Full Article

The End Of Oil? Battle Lines Drawn As Industry Grapples With Energy's Future

by Camila Domonoske (National Public Radio) Oil is facing an existential crisis.  There has never been so much uncertainty about the future of a commodity that keeps the global economic engine running. And it's not just environmental activists calling for the end of

October 16, 2020 Read Full Article

EPA: 2 Additional SRE Petitions Filed for Compliance Year 2019

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  The U.S. EPA released updated small refinery exemption (SRE) data on Oct. 15, reporting two additional SRE petitions have been filed for Renewable Fuel Standard compliance year 2019. No other changes were made to the

October 16, 2020 Read Full Article

EPA Drags Feet on Remaining Small Refinery Exemption Requests

by Mark Dorenkamp (Brownfield Ag News) The EPA recently denied 54 so-called “gap year” small refinery exemption requests, but Renewable Fuels Association CEO Geoff Cooper tells Brownfield the agency is still considering 31 petitions for 2019 and a couple for 2020. “We

October 14, 2020 Read Full Article

Community Voices at the Center of Environmental Justice Now Tour

by Joseph Glandorf  (Environmental and Energy Study Institute)  In a project called the “Environmental Justice Now Tour,” Democrats on the House Natural Resources Committee are holding a series of discussions with community leaders and activists on environmental justice. The tour is

October 14, 2020 Read Full Article

Exclusive: Italian Refiner Saras Plans Cost Cuts, Biofuel Expansion

(Reuters/Today)  Italian oil refiner Saras is targeting cost savings of 120 million euro ($141 million) to weather a slow recovery in fuel demand due to coronavirus and plans to boost biofuel output to meet tightening environmental regulations, its CEO

October 13, 2020 Read Full Article

Is There Money for Renewable Fuels? Latest Perspectives on Financing Renewable Fuel Projects

by Mike Newman (Parhelion Underwriting Inc./Biofuels Digest) Connecting people from renewable fuels companies with projects they want to finance to the people who can finance them was a key goal for Parhelion Underwriting’s recent virtual roundtable. The finance panel included Justin Goldstein

October 13, 2020 Read Full Article

PKN ORLEN Aims to Be Emissions-Neutral by 2050

(Biofuels International)  PKN ORLEN is the first oil company in central Europe to declare an aspiration towards achieving emission neutrality by 2050. In order to reach this goal by 2030 the company will reduce CO2 emissions from its current refining and petrochemical

October 12, 2020 Read Full Article

U.S. Oil Refiners Press on Renewable Diesel for Canadian Market: Few Such Projects Seen Moving forward within Canada

by Laura Sanicola, Rod Nickel (AgCanada/Glacier Farm Media/Reuters) U.S. oil refineries are moving aggressively to produce renewable diesel, partly to cash in on Canada’s greener fuel standard before Canadian refiners modify their own plants. Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau’s government intends to

October 06, 2020 Read Full Article

Commercial Status of Direct Thermochemical Liquefaction Technologies

(EIA Bioenergy) Direct thermochemical liquefaction (DTL) of biomass is an important pathway to bioenergy and biochemical production in the circular economy. The aim of this report is to highlight how DTL technologies currently have a role to play in mobilising

October 05, 2020 Read Full Article

Total Eyes further HVO Expansion

by Adam Porter (Argus Media) Total said today that it plans to add an additional 300,000 t/yr of hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) production capacity in Europe. It is also considering introducing HVO capacity at refineries in Texas and South Korea to

October 01, 2020 Read Full Article

A Rare Bit of Good News for Oil Refiners: ‘Renewable Diesel’

by Tim Treadgold (Forbes)  ... Until recently renewable diesel was very much a niche product which failed to attract mainstream investor interest. That could change after a leading investment bank, Morgan Stanley MS -2.4%, took a close look at the opportunities opening up

September 29, 2020 Read Full Article

Preem Withdraws Expansion Plans for Lysekil Refinery

by Nicholas Woodroof  (Hydrocarbon Engineering) Preem’s Board has announced that, in the light of new economic circumstances, the Residue Oil Conversion Complex (ROCC) project will be cancelled and the 2016 Environmental Permit Application at Lysekil Refinery, Sweden, will be withdrawn in favour

September 29, 2020 Read Full Article

Pertamina to Use Honeywell UOP Technologies to Produce Advanced Biofuels in Indonesia

(Honeywell UOP) National Oil Company of Indonesia to open green fuels refinery in Plaju and revamp Cilacap refinery for renewable diesel production  -- Honeywell today announced PT Pertamina (Persero) will use Honeywell UOP technologies to produce advanced biofuels at its Plaju

September 29, 2020 Read Full Article

Energy Transition: Total Is Investing More than €500 Million to Convert Its Grandpuits Refinery into a Zero-Crude Platform for Biofuels and Bioplastics

(Total) Within the framework of its net zero strategy, Total will convert its Grandpuits refinery (Seine-et-Marne) into a zero-crude platform. By 2024, following an investment totaling more than €500 million, the platform will focus on four new industrial activities:  Production of

September 25, 2020 Read Full Article

Trump, Eyeing Farm Country, Starts Working on Ethanol Industry's Year-Old Wishlist

by Stephanie Kelly and Jarrett Renshaw (Reuters) President Donald Trump, looking to shore up support in the U.S. Farm Belt during a tight race for re-election, is taking steps to help producers of corn-based ethanol using a list of policy goals

September 24, 2020 Read Full Article

California to Ban Sales of Gas Cars by 2035

(Our Daily Planet) Yesterday, California Governor Gavin Newsom announced that the state will phase out sales of all gasoline-powered vehicles by 2035. As Governor Newsom said in a separate event with Democratic governors yesterday, people have climate “goal fatigue” and are ready

September 24, 2020 Read Full Article

Our View: Ethanol: Trump, Hagedorn, EPA Leave Farmers behind

(Mankato Free Press) President Donald Trump and his Environmental Protection Agency have about six weeks to keep their promises to farmers on ethanol, which have been broken for the past three years. While farmers have backed Trump in varying degrees since he

September 23, 2020 Read Full Article

Exclusive: Shell Launches Major Cost-Cutting Drive to Prepare for Energy Transition

by Ron Bousso  (Reuters)  Royal Dutch Shell is looking to slash up to 40% off the cost of producing oil and gas in a major drive to save cash so it can overhaul its business and focus more on renewable energy

September 22, 2020 Read Full Article

Better Catalysts for a Sustainable Bioeconomy

by Brigitte Osterath (The Federal Council Swiss Government/Paul Scherrer Institute)  Researchers at the Paul Scherrer Institute PSI and from ETH Zurich want to make so-called zeolites more efficient. Today, these compounds are already indispensable additives in the chemical industry and have been

September 22, 2020 Read Full Article

House Ag Plans Detailed to NFU Pelosi: House Will Bring Up Biofuels Integrity Bill

by Jerry Hagstrom (DTN Progressive Farmer) House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif., said Tuesday that the House will take up the Renewable Fuel Standard Integrity Act sponsored by House Agriculture Committee Chairman Collin Peterson, D-Minn., just as the House Energy and Commerce

September 17, 2020 Read Full Article

BASF Partner with New Energy for Uptake of Pyrolysis Oil Derived from Waste Tires.

by Luke Upton (BioMarket Insights) BASF has signed an uptake supply agreement with the Hungary based New Energy, a technology company specialized in the pyrolysis of waste tires. According to the agreement, New Energy will supply BASF with up to 4,000

September 17, 2020 Read Full Article

Trump Decision Bolstering Ethanol Becomes Campaign Flashpoint

(The Gazette) President Donald Trump has been receiving praise from farm state Republicans for his decision to deny the “gap year” waivers and increase access to E15 corn-based ethanol. But it also was panned by Democrats Wednesday as nothing more than

September 17, 2020 Read Full Article

Trump Administration Eyes at Least $300 Million Aid to Refiners Denied Biofuel Waivers: Sources

by Stephanie Kelly, Jarrett Renshaw  (Reuters)  The Trump administration is considering at least $300 million in cash aid to U.S. oil refiners that are denied exemptions to U.S. biofuel blending laws for the 2019 compliance year, two sources familiar with

September 17, 2020 Read Full Article

EPA Denies Gap Year RFS Waiver Requests

by John Herath (Farm Journal Ag/Web) Applications for oil refiners to be exempted from the Renewable Fuels Standard (RFS) have been a contentious election for President Donald Trump in Iowa. His administration took a step to alleviate those political pressures Monday

September 14, 2020 Read Full Article

Trump Considers Cash Aid for Refineries Denied Biofuel Waivers

by Jennifer A Dlouhy (Bloomberg) Trump administration officials are developing a plan to offset the potential economic damage of denying dozens of refineries waivers from biofuel-usage mandates: giving them financial aid. The approach is actively being discussed by top Environmental Protection Agency officials

September 12, 2020 Read Full Article

PKN ORLEN to Be Emission-Neutral by 2050

(Orlen) PKN ORLEN is the first oil company in Central Europe to declare aspiration to achieve emission neutrality by 2050. In order to reach this goal, by 2030 the company will reduce CO2 emissions from its current refining and petrochemical assets by

September 11, 2020 Read Full Article

Canada Touts Plan to Cut Fuel Carbon Intensity; Refiners Fret about Costs

by Rod Nickel, Steve Scherer, Jeff Lewis  (Reuters)  The Canadian government says its plan to require reductions in carbon intensity of fuels will boost the economy as it recovers from the coronavirus pandemic, but oil and chemical companies say they are

September 11, 2020 Read Full Article

Oil Traders Snap Up Tankers in Sign Second-Wave Glut Is Near

by Sheela Tobben and Javier Blas (Bloomberg)  ... Some of the world’s biggest oil traders are getting ready for the possible resurgence of a coronavirus-induced glut of crude and fuels, snapping up giant tankers for months-long charters so that they can

September 11, 2020 Read Full Article

RINs Jump 18% on News Trump Wants All Gap Year Requests Denied

by Meghan Sapp (Biofuels Digest)  In New York state, Reuters reports that RIN prices skyrocketed a two-year high of 55 cents for D6 credits on the back of its exclusive story that President Trump told the EPA to deny all gap-year

September 10, 2020 Read Full Article

Track the Sudden Conversion to Renewable Fuels

(The Jacobsen Publishing / PR Newswire) The Jacobsen Publishing has launched a hub for tracking the rapidly changing landscape of fuel producers adopting renewables, with a focus on renewable diesel, sustainable aviation fuels and co-processing operations. The special coverage includes tracking on:

September 09, 2020 Read Full Article

Massive Refiners Are Turning into Biofuel Plants in the West

by Robert Tuttle (Bloomberg) The latest sign of a worldwide energy transition: Massive oil refineries across the western U.S. are being converted into biofuel plants. Phillips 66 on Wednesday became the latest in a string of U.S. refiners to say it’s converting

September 07, 2020 Read Full Article

Argentine Biodiesel Production Fell to One of the Lowest Levels in the Last 10 Years

by Gabriela Origlia (La Nacion (Google Translation)) The idle capacity of the biodiesel industry is around 60% , the production is the lowest in the last ten years. Meanwhile, in the case of bioethanol, the drop in demand reaches 30%

September 06, 2020 Read Full Article

California Issues 190% More New Oil and Gas Drilling Permits

(Our Daily Planet)  While California Governor Gavin Newsom has called his state “a leader in the fight to transition away from fossil fuels,” watchdog groups have been calling out the fact that California is continuing to issue oil and gas extraction permits.

September 03, 2020 Read Full Article

State Regulators OK Natural Gas, Renewable Diesel Pipeline Projects

by Amy R. Sisk (Bismark Tribune) The North Dakota Public Service Commission approved two pipeline projects Wednesday: one for a new natural gas processing plant in Williams County and another for the Dickinson refinery. ... The PSC has also authorized two pipelines

August 28, 2020 Read Full Article

RFA Urges Immediate EPA Action on ‘Litany’ of Outstanding RFS Issues

(Renewable Fuels Association)  Citing the need for more certainty and stability in uncertain times, as well as the legal requirement to meet statutory deadlines, the Renewable Fuels Association today urged EPA Administrator Andrew Wheeler to immediately address a number of unresolved

August 27, 2020 Read Full Article

NBB Launches Ad Campaign Urging President to Reject “Gap” SRE Petitions

(National Biodiesel Board)  NBB encourages farmers, biodiesel producers to ask President Trump to keep his promise -- The National Biodiesel Board today launched a radio advertising campaign in six Midwestern states, urging President Donald Trump to keep his promise on the

August 27, 2020 Read Full Article

D.C. Circuit Rejects Anonymous Status for Refiner in RFS Waiver Dispute

(Environmental NewsStand) The U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit in a sealed case has rejected a small refiner’s bid for anonymity in an apparent legal fight over EPA’s denial of a renewable fuel standard (RFS) economic

August 21, 2020 Read Full Article

US Fuel-Makers Could Face 'Irreparable' Damage from Demand Collapse and the Move to Green Policy

by Josh Siegel (Washington Examiner)  ... “Thankfully, I am not invested in refineries,” said Tom Kloza, global head of energy analysis at IHS Markit and founder of Oil Price Information Service. “They are having a pretty miserable year. They don't

August 19, 2020 Read Full Article

Lummus Technology Announces Successful Start-up of CDTaee® Bio-ethers Unit

(Lummus Technology/PR Newswire) - CDTaee part of Lummus' clean fuels technology portfolio in the production of bio-ethers. - Technology helps Hellenic Petroleum meet biofuels requirement in Greece. - Process is part of Lummus' etherification technology portfolio, where the company has a leading position.  Lummus

August 19, 2020 Read Full Article

17 Projects with 4 Billion Gallons, 9 Fast Emerging Players: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to California’s Green Rush

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) At DigestConnect this past Thursday, we talked about the latest the California Low Carbon Fuel Standard, how the LCFS relates to the Renewable Fuel Standard and energy values, we compared the value stack for 5 popular

August 19, 2020 Read Full Article

Oil Man’ Reflects on Biofuels

by Larry Sullivan (Lee Enterprises Consulting, Inc./Biofuels Digest)  ...  There is much common ground between Big Oil, Big Soy, and Big Corn. Minnesota Big Iron companies provided computing power to the early days of Big Oil’s seismic surveys, and Iron

August 19, 2020 Read Full Article

Spotlight: Ethanol Plants Part of the Solution for Forthcoming Renewable Diesel Feedstock Problem

by Corey Lavinsky (S&P Global Platts) Distillers corn oil (DCO) is a co-product of corn ethanol production and can be used as renewable diesel feedstock; Greater demand, higher prices seen for DCO from upcoming surge in renewable diesel capacity; RD made from DCO

August 18, 2020 Read Full Article

Oil Refineries Convert into Biofuel

(WOWO Farm Director)  Massive oil refineries in the western United States are making an unexpected transition. They’re being converted into biofuel plants. Phillips 66 recently announced it will convert a California oil refinery into a biofuel plant as gas continues

August 17, 2020 Read Full Article

Trump Seen Putting Biofuels Decisions on Hold

by Kelsey Tamborrino (Politico's Morning Energy)  The Trump administration is likely to wait until after Election Day to weigh in on tough ethanol decisions for fear of triggering backlash among farmers or the oil sector. -- ...  WAKE ME UP WHEN

August 17, 2020 Read Full Article

Phillips 66 to Build World’s Largest Renewable Diesel, Sustainable Aviation Fuel Plant

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) 800 million gallon monster slated for 2024 opening as P66 says it will convert Rodeo Refinery to renewables   -- Phillips 66 will reconfigure its San Francisco Refinery in Rodeo, California, to produce 680 million gallons annually

August 13, 2020 Read Full Article

EPA’s Wheeler Says He Has Questions about SRE Gap Waiver Applications

by Larry Lee (Brownfield Ag News) EPA Administrator Andrew Wheeler said the gap SRE applications have been sent over from the Department of Energy. “They just started sending them to us the week before last, so our guys are just now

August 12, 2020 Read Full Article

Exxon Inks 525 Million Gallon, 5-Year Renewable Diesel Offtake Deal with Global Clean Energy Holdings

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) In Texas, ExxonMobil has signed an agreement with Global Clean Energy Holdings to purchase 105 million gallons of renewable diesel per year for five years from a converted California refinery starting in 2022. The strike price

August 12, 2020 Read Full Article

CVR Energy Evaluates Renewable Diesel Project at Wynnewood Refinery

by Janet McGurty (S&P Global Platts) Project costs to be recouped by blenders tax credit; Renewable diesel project approval expected in September  --   CVR Energy is evaluating a renewable diesel project at its Wynnewood, Oklahoma, refinery -- the latest refiner seeking respite

August 06, 2020 Read Full Article

Pertamina to Scale up Renewable Diesel Production in Indonesia

by Ron Kotrba (Biodiesel Magazine) Following a successful production trial of 100 percent renewable diesel (RD100), Indonesia’s state-owned oil company Pertamina is ready to scale up its investments in renewable diesel, biobased jet fuel and green gasoline. Pertamina concluded a production trial

August 05, 2020 Read Full Article

U.S. Energy Department Recommends Granting Partial Retroactive Waivers to Refiners: Sources

by Stephanie Kelly (Reuters) The U.S. Department of Energy has recommended that some of the oil refiners that applied for retroactive exemptions from the nation’s biofuel blending law be granted partial relief, two sources familiar with the matter said on Tuesday. The

August 05, 2020 Read Full Article

BP Commits To Slashing Its Oil and Gas Operations, A Necessary Step for Climate Action

(Our Daily Planet) As Greentech Media reported, oil and gas giant BP announced yesterday that it will cut its oil and gas output by 40% by 2030 and increase its low-carbon investment tenfold by then as it begins to detail its 2050 net-zero strategy. This

August 05, 2020 Read Full Article

Marathon Petroleum to Close Its Martinez Refinery and Convert it to an oil-storage facility 800 job cuts planned with shutdown plan that also includes a Texas refinery

by Edwin Seba (Retuers/Mercury News) Marathon Petroleum plans to permanently close its oil refineries in Martinez and Gallup, New Mexico, the company said, eliminating 800 jobs in response to lower fuels demand. Marathon said it plans to use the Martinez facility as an

August 03, 2020 Read Full Article

Italy's Saras Eyes HVO, Ethanol Expansion at Sarroch

by Adam Porter (Argus Media) Italian refiner Saras is looking to boost production of biofuels, including hydro-treated vegetable oil (HVO), at its 300,000 b/d Sarroch unit on Sardinia. -- Chief executive Dario Scaffardi said the refiner wants to increase co-processed HVO

August 03, 2020 Read Full Article

Why Trump Is Quickly Losing Rural Support

by Patty Judge (The Gazette) Rural voters are growing tired of Donald Trump. Recently, the Iowa Poll put Vice President Biden one point ahead of President Trump and Iowa moved from “Likely Republican” to “Lean Republican” on the Cook Political Report.

July 30, 2020 Read Full Article

Biofuels Vision 2020 Announces Ad Blitz on EPA Threat to Biofuels

(Biofuels Vision 2020/Ethanol Producer Magazine) In the run up to the November election, Biofuels Vision 2020 is launching a new ad campaign raising the alarm over a major regulatory threat to the economic recovery in Iowa. The new sizable, five-figure digital ad

July 28, 2020 Read Full Article

Trump Tailors Exaggerations and False Claims to Election Battlegrounds

by Linda Qiu (New York Times)  ... Likewise, Mr. Trump has sought to curry favor with corn farmers in Iowa and the Midwest by claiming to have “kept our promise on ethanol” and falsely charging Democrats with wanting to “wipe out,

July 27, 2020 Read Full Article

Top Renewable Diesel Projects and Pathways: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to Renewable Diesel Now

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) If you missed last week’s DigestConnect webinar, have no fear, the full deck is here! From 11 pathways on who’s doing what, how and with what, 21 projects and who’s running them and where, 13

July 27, 2020 Read Full Article

Q&A: A Model for Low-Carbon Fuels in the Global Energy Transition

by Alan P. Mammoser (Biodiesel Magazine) Biofuels will likely play an important role in a hoped-for transformation to a low-carbon economy. According to the International Renewable Energy Agency, they will need to play a large role in the direct application of

July 24, 2020 Read Full Article

Indonesia to Test Palm Oil in 'Green' Jet Fuel by Year-End

by Bernadette Christian Munthe and Fathin Ungku (Reuters)  ... The new jet fuel will be made in Pertamina’s existing facilities in Cilacap by “co-processing” crude oil with 3% refined, bleached and deodorised palm oil (RBDO), she said. Like Pertamina’s D100, Indonesia plans

July 24, 2020 Read Full Article

EPA Now Considering 58 Gap-Year SRE Requests

(DTN's Washington Insider) At least 58 retroactive small refinery exemption (SRE) requests have been received by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), according to the latest update from the agency. The push by refiners for the retroactive “gap-year” exemptions stems from a 10th

July 17, 2020 Read Full Article

Reliance to Replace Auto Fuels with Electricity, Hydrogen; Targets Carbon-Zero co by 2035

(India Times/Economic Times) The oil-telecom-to-retail conglomerate, which has pivoted away from energy to the new economy in recent years, will use technology to convert carbon dioxide into valuable chemicals and other material building blocks. -- Reliance Industries, operator of the world's

July 17, 2020 Read Full Article

World Biggest Oil Majors Set Collective Goal to Cut Carbon Emissions

by Charles Kennedy (OilPrice.com) Some of the biggest oil companies in the world set their first joint target to cut their collective carbon emissions from upstream operations in a move that saw Saudi Aramco and ExxonMobil joining European majors in pledging

July 17, 2020 Read Full Article

Indonesia Produces Maiden Batch of Biodiesel Made of 100% Palm

by Wilda Asmarini and Fathin Ungku (Reuters) Indonesia’s state oil company PT Pertamina produced its first successful batch of biodiesel made up of 100% palm oil (D100) in its Dumai refinery last week and is set to produce 1,000 barrels per

July 16, 2020 Read Full Article

Brazil's Petrobras Develops a Greener Diesel than Biodiesel

(La Opinion de Murcia) Company claims it emits less gas and improves engine performance  -- Brazilian oil company Petrobras announced on Tuesday that it has successfully completed the tests of the results of a diesel that it developed from vegetable

July 16, 2020 Read Full Article

Energy Companies Begin Turning to Renewables to Power Oil and Gas Operations, New IHS Markit Research Shows

(IHS Markit)  “Striking pace of growth” in renewable projects powering oil and gas field operations -- Oil and gas field operations are beginning to be fueled by a surprising source—renewable energy, according to new research by IHS Markit (NYSE: INFO), a

July 13, 2020 Read Full Article

5 Ways to Reduce Costs in Integrated Biorefineries: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to Enabling Lower-Cost Biofuels

The U.S. Department of Energy’s Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) just released a new report that outlines five specific, yet broadly applicable, areas of focus to reduce costs in an integrated biorefinery. This analysis builds upon ongoing R&D strategies to lower

July 13, 2020 Read Full Article

Takeaways: 10 Big Bioeconomy Trendlines at ABLC for Fuels, Chemicals, Materials, Food and Feed

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Here are the Top 10 Trendlines we saw and heard from the 8000+ delegates and viewers at ABLC 2020. 1. The thundering herd. One informed firm that does extensive amounts of technology scouting, due diligence and market price

July 13, 2020 Read Full Article

Top 10 ESG Trends in Energy

by Brandon Johnson & Uday Turaga (ADI Analytics)  Investors and consumers are pressuring companies to seriously incorporate Environment, Social, and Governance (ESG) practices into their culture and operations. ESG has gone from a nice-to-have feature to a must-have pre-requisite as

July 10, 2020 Read Full Article

Swedish Industry Representatives Outline Key Credibility Principles for New Sector Sustainability Standard

(Sekab)  ISO developing a global mass balance standard for the industry; New standard to help drive shift towards recycled and renewable materials; Call to include traceability and transparency for credibility  -- The International Organization for Standardization (ISO), has started work to

July 09, 2020 Read Full Article

Sen. Cruz to EPA: No Relief for Refinery Workers, No Consent for EPA Nominee

(Office of Senator Ted Cruz (R-TX)) U.S. Sen. Ted Cruz (R-Texas) today issued the following statement on the nomination of Doug Benevento to be Deputy Administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): "The price of RINs has more than quadrupled since

July 02, 2020 Read Full Article

Petrobras Set for New Gasoline Specs, Will Test Renewable Diesel Production at REPAR

by Robert Brelsford (Oil & Gas Journal) ... Lara (Anelise Lara, Petrobras’s director of refining and natural gas) also said that, starting in July, Petrobras will begin carrying out production tests for renewable diesel at its 208,000-b/d Presidente Getúlio Vargas (REPAR)

June 26, 2020 Read Full Article

Clean Fuels for All: A Potential Pathway to Climate Neutrality by 2050

(FuelsEurope) The ambition of the European Union is to be climate neutral by 2050. The European refining industry supports the same ambition. Our industry is transforming, and we have developed a comprehensive potential pathway of how we, together with our partners, can

June 25, 2020 Read Full Article

Refiners Start to Add Renewable Diesel Capacity, Seen as Cost-Cutting Move

by Laura Sanicola and Stephanie Kelly  (Reuters) Refiners such as HollyFrontier Corp and CVR Energy are exploring opportunities to produce renewable diesel to save money on less profitable refineries and offset compliance costs associated with U.S. blending laws. The product, however, currently only

June 25, 2020 Read Full Article

Aegion Corporation Awarded Groundbreaking Renewable Diesel Project at a California Refinery

(Wall Street Online/Globe Newswire)  Aegion Corporation (NASDAQ: AEGN) today announced that a subsidiary of the Energy Services segment, Schultz Industrial Services (“Schultz”), has been awarded the mechanical construction services contract for a groundbreaking renewable diesel project at a California refinery.

June 25, 2020 Read Full Article

52 Petitions Filed by Refineries Seeking RFS Exemptions

(Renewable Fuels Association/National Biodiesel Board/Farm Progress)  Renewable Fuels Association, National Biodiesel Board critical of these petitions, say refiners are trying to circumvent court ruling.  --  The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency today disclosed that 52 new petitions have been received from small

June 19, 2020 Read Full Article

Biofuel and Oil Seek Federal Help to Deal with Sharp Decline In Production and Prices

(RFD TV)  ... Both the oil and ethanol sectors are asking the federal government to step in as each one sees a sharp decline in prices and production. Oil groups say that the pandemic pushed the industry over the edge,

June 18, 2020 Read Full Article

Date Set for Oral Arguments in Small Refinery Exemption RFS Case

by Kelsey Tamborrino (Politico's Morning Energy)  The D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals will hear oral arguments on Sept. 25 in a case that could determine whether EPA must deeply curtail its program of exemptions from the RFS. The case mirrors

June 18, 2020 Read Full Article

Court Backs Refinery Expansion in Challenge to Sweden's Emissions Aims

by Johan Ahlander (Reuters)  ... Preem has said the extra capacity at the plant, on Sweden’s west coast, would be used to make biodiesel and would not mean more crude oil being processed at the plant.  READ MORE

June 16, 2020 Read Full Article

Post-Coronavirus: What’s Next in the Environmental Commodity Markets – 23 Key Takeaways

by Mike Newman (Parhelion Underwriting Inc./Biofuels Digest) ... The focus was on renewable fuels in the Renewable Fuel Standard (RINs) and California’s Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS credits). Stakeholders came from all corners of the market, from the refining industry,

June 16, 2020 Read Full Article

Small Refiners Have Petitioned EPA to Grant Them Economic Hardship Status Dating Back to 2013

by Kelsey Tamborrino (Politico's Morning Energy) REFINERS LATEST ETHANOL BLENDING BID: Small oil refiners — still reeling from the pandemic-driven collapse in fuel demand — have petitioned EPA to grant them economic hardship status dating back to 2013 in an apparent

June 15, 2020 Read Full Article

Renewable Diesel Expanding with Petroleum-to-Renewable Refinery Conversions

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) But there is a huge transformation happening with growth in the conversion of petroleum refineries to renewable diesel. Just look at how renewable diesel went from 78MMGY in 2010 to 397MMGY in 2018 and Fuels

June 15, 2020 Read Full Article

U.S. Biofuel Group in Talks with Biden, Trump Campaigns to Boost Industry

by Stephanie Kelly (Reuters) A leading U.S. biofuel trade group said on Thursday it had started conversations with the campaigns of both Democratic presidential candidate Joe Biden and incumbent Donald Trump to discuss potential policy fixes for the ailing industry. The discussions

June 12, 2020 Read Full Article

15 Hot Tech Case Studies: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to The Digest’s #BetterWithBiology Top 15

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Everything’s better with biology, so here’s The Digest’s newly released Top 15 case studies of today’s hottest technology and new markets for traditional oil and gas refiners. What are our top picks? Spoiler Alert: The top 15

June 10, 2020 Read Full Article

Farm, Biofuel Groups Press EPA on Exemptions

(Agri-Pulse/Governors' Biofuels Coalition)   Biofuel advocates are asking EPA today to provide more information on requests for retroactive exemptions from the Renewable Fuel Standard. Citing an appeals court ruling, the Renewable Fuels Association and several other organizations argue in a letter that

June 09, 2020 Read Full Article

The Bankrupt Philly Refinery Is off the Hook for Millions Owed in Renewable Fuel Obligations

by Andrew Maykuth  (Philadelphia Inquirer) The U.S. Bankruptcy Court on Wednesday approved a settlement allowing Philadelphia Energy Solutions to pay a small portion of the millions of dollars it owes in unpaid renewable energy obligations, clearing a major obstacle facing

June 04, 2020 Read Full Article

Orion Energy, GCM Grosvenor and Voya Close a $365 Million Strategic Capital Partnership with Bakersfield Renewable Fuels, a Global Clean Energy Holdings Subsidiary

(Orion Energy, GCM Grosvenor, Voya/Global Clean Energy/CISION/PR Newswire) Orion Energy Partners, L.P. ("Orion Energy"), GCM Grosvenor and Voya Investment Management ("Voya") are pleased to announce a capital partnership with Bakersfield Renewable Fuels ("BKRF"). BKRF is a special purpose vehicle wholly

June 04, 2020 Read Full Article

Senate Hearing Addresses Wood Stoves, RFS and Biomass Neutrality

by Erin Voegele (Biomass Magazine) The U.S. EPA’s proposed rule to extend the sales deadline for Step 1 wood heaters, rulemaking to classify biomass as carbon neutral and issues associated with the Renewable Fuel Standard and small refinery exemptions (SREs) were

June 02, 2020 Read Full Article

Old U.S. Oil Refinery to Pursue New Green Life After Crude Crash

by Jennifer A Dlouhy and Jeffrey Bair (Bloomberg Green)  HollyFrontier’s Cheyenne refinery will no longer use crude oil; Company expects to lose EPA exemption for small refiners -- In a sign of changing times, a U.S. oil refining company is converting

June 02, 2020 Read Full Article

FEATURE: Surging RVO Cost Negligible for US Fuel Producers, Importers Amid Pandemic

by Joshua Brown, Margaret Rogers, Ellie Valencia, Maha Cristina Husseini (S&P Global/Platts) RVO cost highest since March 2018; USGC WTI MEH margin down $6.45/b on year; US fuel exports fall to two-year low  --  Fallout from the coronavirus has so disrupted normal refined

June 01, 2020 Read Full Article

Oral Comments for Fuels Regulatory Streamlining Rule Public Hearing

by Trevor Hinz (Urban Air Initiative) Good morning, my name is Trevor Hinz, and I am the Director of Urban Air Initiative, Inc., a non-profit focused on developing cleaner fuels to reduce harmful gasoline-related air pollution. I would like to start by

May 28, 2020 Read Full Article

Q&A on Cellulosic Ethanol with Clariant

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) DigestConnect hosted a wildly popular webinar in late April with Clariant’s Head of Business Line, Biofuels & Derivatives at Clariant but there were so many fantastic audience questions we didn’t to, that we decided to follow

May 28, 2020 Read Full Article

RFA Calls on EPA to Deny Secretive “Gap Year” Refinery Waiver Requests

(Renewable Fuels Association) The Renewable Fuels Association on Friday urged the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to deny new petitions submitted by refiners for past-year waivers from their renewable volume obligations. In a letter to EPA Administrator Andrew Wheeler, RFA President and

May 26, 2020 Read Full Article

Oil Exec: It Would Be a Mistake for the US Government to Bail Us out

by Dan K. Eberhart (CNN Business Perspectives)  ... President Trump indicated that some sort of financial bailout for the US oil industry -- and the millions of jobs it supports -- could be in the works. ... "We will never let the

May 22, 2020 Read Full Article

Oil Firms See Relief from Stimulus Tax Provision

by James Osborne (Houston Chronicle)  Oil and gas companies that have struggled for years under low crude prices are reaping hundreds of millions of dollars in tax refunds under a provision of the $2 trillion stimulus package passed by Congress

May 22, 2020 Read Full Article

Biofuel Bolsters Economy and Environment - Humber LEP Responds to E10 Consultation

by David Laister (Business Live)  Department for Transport gets response from home of UK's largest bioethanol plant  --  ... Biofuels are being explored as Net Zero commitments loom large, with the Humber  home to the UK’s largest bioethanol plant, mothballed

May 19, 2020 Read Full Article

This Is Not the Green Stimulus You're Looking for

by Kelsey Tamborrino (Politico's Morning Energy)  House Democrats unveiled a $3 trillion package on Tuesday to respond to the coronavirus crisis that they're planning to vote on at the end of the week. The 1,815-page measure is largely a messaging bill with

May 13, 2020 Read Full Article

Alon Bakersfield Refinery Converting to Renewable Diesel Production

by Matthew Mercure (NGT News)... Alon Bakersfield Refinery is an existing oil refinery located in Bakersfield, Calif. Historically, the refinery has produced diesel from crude oil. GCEH will immediately commence retooling the refinery to produce renewable diesel from organic feedstocks such

May 12, 2020 Read Full Article

Ethanol and Biodiesel Industry Groups Commend 24 Senators’ RFS Letter to President

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) In Washington, D.C., two biofuels groups, Iowa Biodiesel Board and Renewable Fuels Assocation, both released notes of thanks to 24 Senators that signed the bipartisan letter to President Trump urging him to uphold the

May 11, 2020 Read Full Article

U.S. Offers Bankrupt Refiner $10 Million Cap on Biofuel Obligation: Filing

by Stephanie Kelly (Reuters)  The Trump administration has offered to place a $10 million cap on Philadelphia Energy Solutions’ biofuel blending obligations, effectively slashing the bankrupt refiner’s regulatory liability by more than 70%, according to a proposed settlement between the

May 11, 2020 Read Full Article

CVR Energy to Explore Converting Refining Units for Renewable Diesel Production

by Laura Sanicola  (Reuters) CVR Energy Inc is looking to convert certain units in its refineries to renewable diesel production to reduce its exposure to the cost of renewable fuel credits (RINs), the company said on Thursday. The project, which would involve using

May 08, 2020 Read Full Article

Big Oil Overreaches on COVID-19 Bailout

by Jim Talent (The Gazette) ... Oil companies have requested special access to a $600 billion lending facility at the Federal Reserve, and the administration seems keen to deliver. The president just announced that the Secretary of Energy and Secretary

May 07, 2020 Read Full Article

Coalition Opposes API Petition on 2020 RFS Obligations

(Renewable Fuels Association) A coalition of ethanol and farm groups today sent a letter to the Environmental Protection Agency opposing the American Petroleum Institute’s recent petition requesting reconsideration of the 2020 Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) final rule. API claims reconsideration of the

May 01, 2020 Read Full Article

With Oil Reeling under Pandemic, Clean Energy Looks to Capitalize

by James Osborne (Houston Chronicle)  As a sudden drop in demand decimates the oil industry, international efforts are underway to ride the lull in fossil fuel consumption to expedite the clean up of the world’s energy sector. Even as the coronavirus

May 01, 2020 Read Full Article

Vilsack Warns Administration Continues to Ignore Biofuels

by Jacqui Fatka (Feedstuffs) ...  (Former Agriculture Secretary Tom) Vilsack said the biofuel industry hasn’t been invited to the White House like the airline or oil industries have to discuss ways to help cover their losses. A number of conservative

April 30, 2020 Read Full Article

Tax Groups, Think Tanks Want RFS Waiver: Letter Cites Diversion of Hand Sanitizer Production as Reason for Request

by Todd Neeley (DTN Progressive Farmer) Pressure is mounting on President Donald Trump to change the Renewable Fuel Standard in light of the economic downturn brought on by COVID-19. A number of tax, environmental and political think tanks sent a letter

April 29, 2020 Read Full Article

The Great Texas Oil Shutdown Has Begun

by James Osborne, Sergio Chapa and Erin Douglas  (Houston Chronicle) ...  The mass shutdown of Texas oil fields has begun after an unprecedented crash that last week drove crude prices into negative territory for the first time in history. From

April 27, 2020 Read Full Article

Oil Prices Have Fallen below $0 a Barrel. What Does It Mean for the Climate? This Could Be an Opportunity to Reshape Our Energy System. But It Could Also Simply Lead to a Bailout of Oil Companies.

by Adele Peters (Fast Company)  ... Fracking companies have lost billions over the past decade. Some investors may be even more reluctant to invest in the sector now. “I think on the financial side, I would think twice as a

April 24, 2020 Read Full Article

An Economic Rebound Will Need Ethanol

by Doug Durante (Clean Fuels Development Coalition/Biofuels Digest) ... I want build on the theme that now, when we’ve been knocked down and are on the mat is when we  need support, but from an additional angle—to preserve some sense of energy

April 23, 2020 Read Full Article

Economist Expects "Battle Royal" over RFS in Washington

by Larry Lee (Brownfield Ag News) An ag economist expects Washington lawmakers will be revisiting the Renewable Fuel Standard. Scott Irwin with the University of Illinois says, “I think we’re going to see the mother of all political battles over the RFS

April 22, 2020 Read Full Article

As Price of Oil Drops, Trump Orders Plan to Help U.S. Energy Companies: Energy Secretary Says Funds from Fed’s Main Street Loan Program Might Be Needed to Help Oil Companies

by Will Englund (Washington Post) President Trump said Tuesday he has ordered his administration to come up with a plan to provide federal assistance to the oil and gas industry in the United States, which has been staggered by the

April 22, 2020 Read Full Article

New RFA Analysis: Ethanol Industry Could See $10 Billion in Losses Due to COVID-19

(Renewable Fuels Association) As the COVID-19 pandemic and crude oil glut continue to ravage world fuel markets, U.S. ethanol sales in 2020 could fall by more than $10 billion and the industry’s contribution to gross domestic product (GDP) could drop by

April 21, 2020 Read Full Article
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Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Connecticut Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP) construction and demolition waste/debris consumer education contamination contest contrails conversion technology Cook Islands cook stoves cooking fuel cooperatives COP21 COP22 COP23 COP24 COP25 COP26 COP27 COP28 COP29 COP30 copper coppice cordgrass corn bran Corn cobs corn ethanol corn fiber corn growers corn harvest corn kernel corn meal corn oil corn oil/distillers corn oil (DCO) corn prices corn stalks corn stover corn supply corn surplus corn syrup corn-based products corn/maize Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards corporate social responsibility corrosion corruption CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) cosmetics Costa Rica cotton cotton seed hulls cotton seed oil cotton stalk cottonwood Council on Environmental Quality county cover crops cow rumen cracking Crambe crassulacean acid metabolism plants (CAM) crimes criteria pollutants Croatia crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude oil Cuba cup plant cuphea currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cusi cutworm caterpillars cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) cylindro Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs d-5 D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D20 (20%DME) D5 (5%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA date kernel oil date palm date palm pits date palm waste Dates DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act deficit definitions deforestation defossilization Dehydration Delaware DeltaWing demonstration demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify density Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security Department of Justice Department of Labor Department of the Interior Department of Transportation (DOT) depolymerization depots dextrose dfdsffsfdfsf diatoms diesel Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) diesel fuel blendstock diesel prices Diesel R5 diesel with renewables diesel-range hydrocarbons diesel-to-biodiesel conversion diethyl ether digital Digital Biology diisobutylene (DIB) dilute acid hydrolysis pretreatment DIN 51605 DIN EN 15376 (Ethanol blending component) direct air capture direct injection direct ocean capture Direct Sugar to Hydrocarbon Conversion (DSHC) direct-to-fuel directed evolution dispense distillates distillation distilled biodiesel distilled palm methyl ester (DPME) distilleries distributed/centralized distribution distribution capacity distribution waiver diversification divestment DME/rDME (dimethyl ether)/renewable DME DMF (2.5-dimethylfuran) Dominican Republic double cropping drawdown Drones/Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) drop-in biofuels/hydrocarbons drought drought tolerant drought-resistant dry ice dual cropping Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E100 E100 conversion kit E11 E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E2 E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E3 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E70 diesel E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency egg shell Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric Vehicle (EV) Prices electric grid electricity electricity price electricity/power generation electricity/power transmission electrocatalysis electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels (e-fuels) electrofuels (e-fuels) prices electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) electrons Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants embargo eminent domain emissions emissions standards EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 EN 228 EN 590 EN228 (standard pump gasoline) end user end-of-life Endangered Species Act (ESA) Energy Bill energy cane energy consumption energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy prices energy reserves Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine Development engine problems Engine/Fuel Co-optimization engineering England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment environmental impact study (EIS) environmental justice/socially inclusive environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Environmentalists Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic depolymerization enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling Enzyme solicitation enzymes EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) Equatorial Guinea equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) etha ethane ethanol ethanol benefits ethanol blend wall ethanol blended diesel ED ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol emissions ethanol ether diesel fuel ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol to gas ethanol tolerance ethanol-fueled aircraft Ethanol-to-Gasoline (ETG) ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/diesel ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethyl levulinate (EL) ethylbenzene ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order executive order--state Extended Range Electric Vehicle (EREV) externalities extremophiles f F Factor F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farmers farming farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation Feedstocks fermentation ferry fertilizer fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) Fischer-Tropsch/FT fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources Forest Service forestry forklifts Formate formic acid fossil carbon fossil fuel Frace fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud free fatty acids (FFA) Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon gallium Gambia games gas prices gas tax/highway user fee gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gasoline-range hydrocarbons Gemany General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Gerrmany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) Intensity giant cane giant kelp Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect Global South global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grain sorghum/milo grain speculators grains GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery green/black economy Greenland GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Guinea Bissau Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP gypsum h Haiti Halophytes harvest site processing harvesting Hawai'i hay hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ HDO-SAK (hydro deoxygenated synthetic aromatic kerosene) health health benefits health effects heat of combustion heat of vaporization heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) high octane low carbon (HOLC) fuel High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 HVO20 HVO30 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrid ships hybrids hydrocarbon fuels Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydroformylation hydrogen aircraft hydrogen carrier hydrogen combustion engines hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen leaks hydrogen pipeline hydrogen pumps/fueling stations hydrogen tax credit hydrogen terminal Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Price hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogenolysis hydropower Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal gasification hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois Illiois illuppai ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indian beech tree Indian grass Indiana indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial burners industrial ethanol industrial gases industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated biorefineries integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine (ICE) internal combustion engine (ICE)/gasoline engine ban International international balance of payments International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Sustainability and Carbon Certification model(ISCC) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit Invvesting ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron iron oxide IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isobutylene isomerisation isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica jamelão Japan jatobá Jatropha Jersey Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 jet B Jetfuel (Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs Joint Office of Energy and Transportation jojoba Jordan JP-10 JP-4 JP-5/NATO F-44 JP-8/NATO F-34 juniper Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kalanchoe kamani Kans grass Kansas Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati knotweed Knowledge Discovery Framework Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kulpa kusum Kuwait Kygryzstan labels labor policy Labrador lactic acid lactose Lake County lamp oil land ownership land prices land rights land subsidence land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy landfill methane Landfills landscape Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead Leadtree leaf ant Lebanon lecithin legislation Legislation-Federal Legislation-State lemna lend-lease Lesotho lesquerella leucaena levulinic acid Liberia Libya licensing lichens life cycle analysis (LCA) light rail lignin Lignin Ethanol Oil (LEO) Lignocellulosic Biofuel lignocellulosic sugars lime Lipid liquefaction liquid liquid petroleum gas (LPG) liquid transportation fuels liquidation Liquified Biogas (LBG) Liquified Biogas (LBG) pumps liquified biomethane (LBM) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logistics long-term contracts Louis Louisiana low c low carbon emissions low carbon octane standard (LCOS) Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel low sulfur fuel low sulfur marine fuel lubricants lumber mill Luxembourg lysis M100 M15 M3 M50 ma macadamia macauba Macedonia machine learning machinery macororo Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona 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microbiology microorganisms/microbes microwave Mid-Atlantic Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military reserves military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels milk permeate millennium fruit millet millettia pinnata milo stover mineralization minerals mining Minn Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold molinia molybdenum MON (Motor Octane Number) Monaco Mongolia mongongo monitoring/measuring reporting verifiction (MRV) Montana Montenegro moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles motors MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES2014 MOVES3 (MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator model) Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed mvr Myanmar n-butanol n-butene nahar Namibia nano nano particles nanocatalysts 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Nevada New Brunswick new fuel approval New Guinea New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New South Wales New York New Zealand Newfoundland Newfoundland and Labrador next generation biofuels next generation vehicles NHRA drag racing Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrogen starvation nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota North Korea Northeast northern catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory Northwest Territories Norwary Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds nuclear Nunavut nut shells nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition oak oat hulls oat straw oats Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) Office of Science Technology and Policy (OSTP) Offices of Inspector Generals offtake agreements Ohio oil oil embargo oil exploration oil monopoly oil p oil price parity oil prices oil production oil refineries oil replacement oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil speculators oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes oil/gas terminals Oils Oklahoma olefins oligomerization olive cake olive oil olive pits olive pomace olive water olives Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm ammonia production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing on-site hydrogen production one p one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontaio Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) open fuel standard open pond opportunity zones optimized flex fuel vehicles orange peel orchard grass orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) osage orange OSHA Overseas Private Investment Corporation overview overview/survey course owa oxygen oxygenate ozone Pakistan Palau palm palm biomass palm fatty acid distillate palm fiber palm fronds palm kernel palm kernel oil palm kernel shell palm oil Palm Oil Methyl Ester (PME) palm oil mill effluent (POME) palm oil prices palm trunk sap palm waste Paludiculture/peatland cultivation Panama pandas panic grass papaya paper Papua Indonesia Papua New Guinea paraffins Paraguay Paris Agreement parity partial waiver particulates pasture land Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) patents pathways Paulownia paulownia tree payments peach shell peaches peak oil peak oil demand peanuts/groundnuts peas pectin peela kaner pellet pellets Pennsylvania pennycress/stinkweed pentane pentanol pentose pequi perennial grains perennial grasses Performance permitting Peru pest-tolerance pesticide-tolerance pests pet food petition petroleum pharmaceuticals phase separation Philippines phosphorus photobioreactor photoelectrocatalysis 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RNG tax credit roadmap rocket fuel Romania RON (Research Octane Number) rosin rotation crops Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials (RSB) royalties RP-1 RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber rubber seeds rumen ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Rural Renewable Energy Pilot Program rushes Russia Russian olive rutabaga Rwanda ry rye Rye grass rye straw s saccharification SAF pipeline SAF10 SAF30 SAF40 SAFc (Sustainable Aviation Fuel certificates) Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower sago pond weed SAIC sal tree Salicornia salt water salt-tolerant saltbush saltcedar Samoa Sanctions Santa Monica sardine oil Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Advisory Board (SAB) Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) Science Policy scooters Scotland scum sea level rise seaports seashore mallow seawater seaweed cultivation Seaweed/Macroalgae 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