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Minnesota Automobile Dealers Association Files Lawsuit over Emission Standards

(KROXAM) On Wednesday, January 6, the Minnesota Automobile Dealers Association (MADA) filed a lawsuit in Federal District Court alleging Minnesota lacks the authority under the Federal Clean Air Act to regulate

January 8, 2021 Read Full Article

Five Reasons Why Internal Combustion Engines Are Here to Stay

by Robert Bryce (RealClearEnergy)  Oil prices are down and bans on automobiles powered by internal combustion engines (ICE) are up – way up. But don’t be fooled; there is plenty

December 3, 2020 Read Full Article

Renewable Fuels Association on Gas-Generated Electricity

(Southeast AgNet Radio Network)  …Corn ethanol to electricity may be the ‘ticket,’ according to Renewable Fuels Association chief Geoff Cooper. …  “Ethanol is a great low-carbon molecule, and you can

November 30, 2020 Read Full Article

How Can Ethanol Fit into Lofty 2050 Emissions Goals?

by Dustin Hoffmann (Iowa Agribusiness Radio Network)  … The incoming Biden Administration is committed to a plan to have us get to a net-zero carbon emission status by the year

November 19, 2020 Read Full Article

How to Build a Green Hydrogen Economy for the US West

by Jeff St. John (GreenTechMedia)  The Intermountain and ACES projects may be the start of a regionwide green hydrogen generation and transmission network.  — Out in Utah, a coal-fired power plant

November 19, 2020 Read Full Article

Commentary: Electrify A Lot … But Not Everything — Decarbonization Will Require a Judicious Mix of Electrification, RNG, Hydrogen, and Other Emerging Solutions if We Want to Get to a Truly Sustainable Future.

by Matt Tomich and Joanna Underwood (BioCycle Magazine/Energy Vision) … Some environmental advocates are looking to “electrify everything” to generate power and fuel our transportation systems, because electric motors are

November 18, 2020 Read Full Article

It’s Electric

by Kelsey Tamborrino (Politico’s Morning Energy)  IT’S ELECTRIC: A coalition of utilities, electric vehicle makers and mineral producers have formed a new association to push for 100 percent electric vehicle sales by

November 17, 2020 Read Full Article

Promise and Peril: California’s EV-Only Policy

by Leticia Phillips (Brazilian Sugarcane Industry Association, UNICA /Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Any EV solution should consider a combined approach of the available alternatives and technologies. It is important to remember

October 30, 2020 Read Full Article

Biden Win Could Be Net Positive for Metals and Mining, Observers Say

by Jacob Holzman and Gaurang Dholakia (S&P Global Platts)  … As a result, observers have predicted that producers of battery and base metals such as lithium and nickel could benefit

October 20, 2020 Read Full Article

Where’s Your Lithium from? EU’s New Green Deal to Track Critical Materials

by David Thorpe (Future Fuel Stratgies/The Fifth Estate)  Renewable electricity generation and storage requires huge quantities of mined raw materials. In Europe, most of these elements are currently imported and

October 15, 2020 Read Full Article

Tomorrow Arriving Today: 5 Technology Platforms to Watch for the 2020s that Are Materially Advancing Now, Despite COVID-19

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) … New research shows sustainability has moved from a fringe preference into a core imperative across American life. According to a new survey from clean manufacturing

August 11, 2020 Read Full Article

Lithium Ion Battery Waste Used in Biodiesel Production from Discarded Vegetable Oil

(Tech Xplore/American Institute of Physics)  …  Brazilian researchers demonstrated a new chemical approach for producing biodiesel from domestic cooking oil waste by using hydroxide lithium mixed with either sodium hydroxides or potassium hydroxides

July 22, 2020 Read Full Article

The United States Mineral Supply Insecurity and Dependence on Rare Earth Elements

by Jamil Hijazi (The Payne Institute for Public Policy)  Despite the trade war with China and the outbreak of the Coronavirus, the United States of America (U.S) faces the continuous problem

April 14, 2020 Read Full Article

The Lithium Triangle Initiative: South America’s Lithium Triangle and the Future of the Green Economy — January 23, 2020 — Washington, DC

    The Lithium Triangle Initiative: South America’s Lithium Triangle and the Future of the Green Economy — January 23, 2020 — Washington, DC

As the global community pursues sustainable economic development, lithium is playing an increasingly critical role. The metal is used for rechargeable batteries in electric vehicles and for the energy storage

January 13, 2020 Read Full Article

U.S. Department of Energy Launches Energy Storage Grand Challenge

(U.S. Department of Energy) Today, U.S. Energy Secretary Dan Brouillette announced the launch of the Energy Storage Grand Challenge, a comprehensive program to accelerate the development, commercialization, and utilization of next-generation

January 10, 2020 Read Full Article

California Has Big Clean Energy Ambitions, and Is Looking for Better Energy Storage to Realize Them DEADLINE February 4, 2020

by Kavya Balaraman (Utility Dive) The California Energy Commission (CEC) is putting up to $11 million on the table for developers of energy storage technologies other than lithium-ion batteries, according

January 9, 2020 Read Full Article

Australia, U.S., to Cooperate on Critical Minerals, Rare Earths

(U.S. News and World Report/Reuters) Australia and the United States will support projects to develop critical minerals and rare earths, an Australian government minister said on Wednesday (November 20, 2019),

December 9, 2019 Read Full Article

3-year Study Raises Doubts about EVs’ Future

by David Iaconangelo (E&E News/Governors’ Biofuels Coalition) … The future of transportation may be less electric and less shared than some think, and millennials won’t change that, according to a study

November 21, 2019 Read Full Article

IJER Editorial: The Future of the Internal Combustion Engine

by R D Reitz, H Ogawa, R Payri, T Fansler, S Kokjohn, Y Moriyoshi, AK Agarwal, D Arcoumanis, D Assanis, C Bae, K Boulouchos, M Canakci, S Curran, I Denbratt,

November 1, 2019 Read Full Article

How Lithium Could Be Calif.’s Next ‘Gold Rush’

by David Ferris and David Iaconangelo (E&E News)  …  EnergySource, based in San Diego, is making an expensive gamble that it can be the first to tap a vast reserve

October 31, 2019 Read Full Article

Who Willed the Electric Car? China, and Here’s Why

by Lauren Silva Laughlin (Wall Street Journal) Electric vehicles that derive their power from dirty energy aren’t necessarily better for the environment, but they are better for Beijing — Exxon

October 11, 2019 Read Full Article

Full Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources Hearing on Minerals and Clean Energy Technologies

(Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources)  Opening Statement Hearing to Examine the Minerals Needed for Clean Energy Senator Lisa Murkowski —  …  Minerals are the fundamental building blocks for

September 17, 2019 Read Full Article

DOE Announces $59 Million and 43 Projects to Accelerate Advanced Vehicle Technologies Research

(U.S. Department of Energy) U.S. Department of Energy Under Secretary of Energy Mark W. Menezes announced $59 million for 43 projects for new and innovative advanced vehicle technologies research. Funded through

August 21, 2019 Read Full Article

Marco Rubio Introduces Bill to Combat China’s Rare Earth Monopoly

by Megan Henney  (Fox Business)  Sen. Marco Rubio introduced legislation  on Thursday intended to boost American competitiveness in processing critical rare-earth minerals after China signaled it could weaponize its dominance in the sector in the midst of the

July 12, 2019 Read Full Article

Arizona Fire Highlights Challenges for Energy Storage

by Jonathan J. Cooper (Associated Press)  Arizona’s largest electric company installed massive batteries near neighborhoods with a large number of solar panels, hoping to capture some of the energy from the

June 24, 2019 Read Full Article

Mining Lithium for Electric Cars Is Hurting This Desert’s Local Environment

(Bloomberg/Washington Post)  The Atacama Desert in northern Chile allowed humans and animals to survive for thousands of years in the world’s driest climate. That was before the mining started. Atacama has

June 14, 2019 Read Full Article

Exclusive: Tesla Expects Global Shortage of Electric Vehicle Battery Minerals – Sources

by Ernest Scheyder  (Reuters)  Tesla Inc expects global shortages of nickel, copper and other electric-vehicle battery minerals down the road due to underinvestment in the mining sector, the company’s global supply manager

May 3, 2019 Read Full Article

New Study Underscores the Need to Make Rare Earth Metal Use More Sustainable

(Our Daily Planet)  We don’t recycle these metals and their extraction is rife with human rights abuses. As Phys reported, a new study, commissioned and funded by the non-profit EarthWorks, “shows that as demand for minerals such

April 19, 2019 Read Full Article

Energy Department Announces Opening of Battery Recycling Center at Argonne National Lab

(U.S. Department of Energy)  In celebration of National Battery Day on February 18th, Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Daniel Simmons announced the opening of a Battery Recycling

February 20, 2019 Read Full Article

Bank Of America: Oil Demand Growth To Hit Zero Within A Decade

by Nick Cunningham (OilPrice.com)  By 2030, oil demand could hit a peak and then enter decline, according to a new report. For the next decade or so, oil demand should continue

February 6, 2019 Read Full Article

With Rise of Electric Vehicles, a New Foreign Energy Dependence Looms

by James Osborne (Houston Chronicle) Forecasts say that electric vehicle sales are about to take off worldwide and increase demand for the raw materials that go into batteries. — Energy Secretary Rick

January 28, 2019 Read Full Article

Why Investors Ditched Sh2tr Biofuels Projects

by Ludger Kasumuni (The Citizen)  Several investors have abandoned their $1 billion (Sh2.3 trillion) biofuels projects in Tanzania, according to a survey by BusinessWeek. Mtamba Biofuel Farm in Kisarawe, Coast Region.

January 11, 2019 Read Full Article

How Renewable Energy Could Fuel Future Conflicts

by Madison Freeman and Morgan Bazilian  (Georgetown Journal of International Affairs)  Renewable energy technologies promise to help our world avert some of the worst impacts of climate change. However, some of

October 12, 2018 Read Full Article

Move Aside Lithium – Vanadium Is The New Super-Metal

by James Burgess (OilPrice.com)  … That’s vanadium—Element 23. The answer to our issue of scale. “It’s no longer a technological maybe,” says Matt Rhoades, president and CEO of United Battery Metals, a Colorado

October 11, 2018 Read Full Article

The Future of Electric Vehicles Lie in the Sourcing of Lithium and Cobalt for Batteries

by Vishnu Rajamanickam  (Freight Waves)  … But unless the manufacturing process and the raw material sourcing is regulated and stabilized, it would be hard to sell EVs to the larger middle-class populace.

August 6, 2018 Read Full Article

Ryan Zinke Moves to Protect Critical Minerals from Foreign Threats

by John Siciliano (Washington Examiner)  Interior Secretary Ryan Zinke is listing 35 minerals used in aircraft, cellphones, and other important technologies as “vital” to national security in a move to wean

May 18, 2018 Read Full Article

Metals Shortfall to Crimp Electric-Car Battery Supply, Moody’s Says

by Claudia Assis (Market Watch)  A shortfall in supplies of metals such as cobalt, copper, lithium and nickel is likely to slow down the production of batteries for electric vehicles, Moody’s

May 3, 2018 Read Full Article

A New Lithium War Is About To Begin

by James Stafford (OilPrice.com)  It’s the modern gold rush. Around the world, the most sought-after mineral isn’t a precious metal, nor is it oil and gas…it’s lithium. Lithium, or “white petroleum” as some call

April 25, 2018 0 comment Read Full Article

Tariff Talk

by Kelsey Tamborrino  (Politico’s Morning Energy)  The Trump administration escalated trade-war tensions with China on Tuesday, publishing a proposed list of 1,300 Chinese imports that it will hit with retaliatory tariffs

April 4, 2018 Read Full Article

Geothermal Could Profit from U.S. Executive Order to Support Lithium Mining

by Alexander Richter (Think GeoEnergy)  An executive order by U.S. President Donald Trump to support mining activities for critical minerals, could present a boost to lithium mining activities in the U.S.

March 15, 2018 Read Full Article

Swedish Study Calls for Smaller EV Batteries, Finds Tesla More Polluting than an 8-Year-Old Car

(AutoVista Group)  Swedish researchers have argued that electric vehicle (EV) batteries should not be as large as possible, but as large as necessary. This is the conclusion of their study

August 22, 2017 Read Full Article

Why Gasoline and Diesel Will Be Around for a Long Time to Come

by Norris McDonald (MSN.com/Wheels.ca)  … So, I’ve been reading about how Big Oil will react when everybody starts running out to buy electric cars. And how the end of internal-combustion will be

August 22, 2017 Read Full Article

It’s Hard to Keep Up With All That Lithium Demand

by Laura Millan Lombrana and Jonathan Gilbert (Bloomberg)  As established players expand, some newcomers seen struggling; New mine teething problems tightening credit for projects  —  … Producers everywhere have struggled to

August 22, 2017 Read Full Article

‘We’ll Have to Become Electricity Traders’ – Biofuels Market Reacts to UK Petrol Ban

by Vicky Ellis (ICIS)  European biofuels market participants are wondering what their role will be in the future after the UK became the latest country to announce on Wednesday a ban

August 2, 2017 Read Full Article

Could Clean Energy Spark A Mineral Boom?

(Energy Today/Oilprice.com) A new World Bank report released today (July 18, 2017) highlights the potential impacts that the expected continuing boom in low-carbon energy technologies will have on demand for many

July 31, 2017 Read Full Article

Cost of Elon Musk’s Dream Much Higher Than He and Others Imagine

by Brian Rogers (America Rising Squared/Real Clear Energy)   …  It’s what Greenpeace International co-founder Rex Weyler calls “The Tesla dream,” the false idea that Mr. Musk’s electric vehicles (EVs)

June 9, 2017 Read Full Article

Tossed Aside in the ‘White Gold’ Rush: Indigenous People Are Left Poor as Tech World Takes Lithium from under Their Feet

Story by Todd C. Frankel and Peter Whoriskey; Photos and videos by Michael Robinson Chavez; Video editing by Jorge Ribas (The Washington Post)  In the thin air of the salt flats here,

December 19, 2016 Read Full Article

The Cobalt Pipeline: Tracing the Path from Deadly Hand-Dug Mines in Congo to Consumers’ Phones and Laptops

by Todd C. Frankel  (The Washington Post)   …  This remote landscape in southern Africa lies at the heart of the world’s mad scramble for cheap cobalt, a mineral essential to

September 30, 2016 Read Full Article

Could A Lithium Shortage De-Rail The Electric Car Boom?

by James Stafford (OilPrice.com)  … Lithium is our new fuel, but like fossil fuels, the reserves we’re currently tapping into are finite—and that’s what investors can take to the bank. … And

August 25, 2016 Read Full Article

Tesla And Other Tech Giants Scramble For Lithium As Prices Double

by James Stafford (OilPrice.com)  Demand for lithium—the hottest commodity on the planet and the only commodity to show positive price movement in 2015—is poised to continue on its upward trajectory,

April 14, 2016 Read Full Article

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giant cane Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government subsidies grains grain sorghum/milo grain speculators GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green/black economy green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery GREET model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP h Haiti Halophytes harvesting harvest site processing Hawaii hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ health health benefits health effects heat-tolerance heating oil/fuel heat of combustion heat of vaporization Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) HFS-SIP hibiscus High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Honge tree nuts Hong Kong hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 Hybrid aircraft hybrids hydrocarbon fuels hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydrogen Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogen fuel cells hydrogenolysis hydrogen price hydrogen pumps hydropower hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois illuppai ILUC (Indirect Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indiana Indian beech tree Indian grass indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial ethanol industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insects insurance integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine International international balance of payments International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica jamelão Japan jatobá Jatropha Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 Jetfuel (Sustainable Alternative Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs jojoba Jordan JP-4 JP-5 JP-8 JP-10 juniper Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kamani Kansas Kans grass Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kero kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati Knowledge Discovery Framework Korea Kosovo 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Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel low sulfur fuel low sulfur marine fuel lubricants lumber mill Luxembourg lysis M3 M15 M50 M100 ma macadamia macauba Macedonia machine learning Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona management changes mandates mangaba manganese mango mangrove Manitoba mannose manure maple maps marginal land Marine/Maritime Biofuel marine algae Marine Corps Marine Diesel Oil (MDO) Marine Gas Oil (MGO) market forces marketing markets/sales market share Mars Marshall Islands Maryland Masdar Institute Massachusetts mass balance standard Master Limited Partnership (MLP) Mauritius Mazda meat mechanics training medical waste MEEC membranes mergers and acquisitions mesquite methan methanation methane/biomethane methane leaks methanization Methanol/Biomethanol/Renewable Methanol methanol price Mexico Michelin GreenX Challenge Michigan micro-crop microalgae microbial electrosynthesis microbiology microorganisms/microbes microwave Mid-Atlantic Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military reserves military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels millennium fruit millet millettia pinnata milo stover minerals mining Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold molybdenum MON (Motor Octane Number) Monaco Mongolia mongongo Montana Montenegro moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES3 (MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator model) MOVES2014 Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed Myanmar n-butanol nahar Namibia nano nanocatalysts nanocellulose nanomaterials nano particles naphtha/bionaphtha NASCAR National Academies of Science National Aeronautics and Space Administration 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NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota Northeast northern catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory North Korea Northwest Territories Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds NTSB nuclear Nunavut nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition nut shells oak oat hulls oats oat straw Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) offtake agreements Ohio oil oil embargo oil exploration oil monopoly oil p oil price parity oil prices oil production oil refineries oil replacement Oils oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil speculators oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes Oklahoma olefins olive cake olive oil olive pits olives olive water Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) open fuel standard open pond opportunity zones optimized flex fuel vehicles orange peel orchard grass orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells osage orange OSHA Overseas Private Investment Corporation overview overview/survey course oxygen oxygenate ozone Pakistan Palau palm palm biomass palm fatty acid distillate palm fiber palm fronds palm kernel palm kernel oil palm kernel shell palm oil palm oil mill effluent (POME) palm oil prices palm waste Paludiculture/peatland cultivation Panama pandas panic grass papaya paper Papua Indonesia Papua New Guinea paraffins Paraguay parity partial waiver particulates pasture land Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) patents pathways Paulownia paulownia tree payments peaches peak oil peak oil demand peanuts/groundnuts peas pectin peela kaner pellets Pennsylvania pennycress/stinkweed pentane pentanol pentose pequi perennial grains perennial grasses Performance permitting Peru pest-tolerance pesticide-tolerance pests petition petroleum pharmaceuticals phase separation Philippines phosphorus photobioreactor photosynthesis phragmites pigeon pea pilot scale pine pineapple pine beetle pine nut pinion pipelines Pistacia chinensis PLA plant cell research plant cell walls plant oil plastic plastic-to-jet Plug-in Flex Fuel Hybrid Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) plume grass Poland poli Policy politics pollinators pollution pollution control polyfuel polymer polymerization polysaccharides pomace pomegranates pongamia pongamia pinnata poplar poppy population control Portable refinery Portugal poster sessions potamogeton potassium potato poultry litter/waste power-to-x/gas/liquid prairie grasses pre-processing precision farming/agriculture precursors/biointermediates premium gasoline Pretreatment pretreatment equipment price price of water prickly pear Prince Edward Island process flow diagram producer tax credit Production tax credit productivity project insurance propagating Propane/Biopropane/Renewable Propane propanol property insurance propylene protectionism protein protests public comments public health policy Puerto Rico pulp Pulp/Paper Mill pump retrofit kit pumps pungam Punnai tree pyrolysis Q-RIN QAP Qatar quality assurance Quality Assurance Plans (QAPs) quality improvement quantum dots Quebec Queensland quote of the week r R33 rabbits race radiata pine Rahal Letterman Lanigan Racing railroad rainforest rain tree RAND rare earth metal RD20 RD30 RD99 RD100 reclaimed mine lands recycled oil recycled plastics recycling red algae redcedar Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation refineries reforestation Reformate regenerative braking regenerative farming regulations Regulations-Federal Regulations-State Regulatory Enhancement Growth Support (REGS) Reid vapor pressure (RVP) remediation remediation rice straw Renewable Chemical renewable chemical producer tax incentive renewable chemical production tax credit Renewable Diesel/Green Diesel/Paraffinic Diesel Renewable Diesel/Green Diesel price Renewable Diesel Production renewable diesel pumps renewable diesel tax credit renewable diesel terminal Renewable Energy Renewable Energy Directive (RED and RED II) Renewable Energy Standard Renewable Energy to Fuels through Utilization of Energy-Dense Liquids (REFUEL) renewable fuel renewable fuel oil (RFO) Renewable Fuels Directive (EU) Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS2) revisions/repeal Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS and RFS2) renewable gasoline blendstock renewable marine diesel Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) price Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) pumps Renewable Portfolio Standards Renewable Power Standard Renewable Synthesized Iso-Paraffinic Fuels (SIP) Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation (RTFO) renewable volume obligation (RVO) RenovaBio replacement molecules Repowering Assistance Program repurpose research and development research facility resiliency resource depletion retail retrofit return on investment R Factor RFI (Request for Information) RFS "reset" RHD100 Rhizosphere Observations Optimizing Terrestrial Sequestration (ROOTS) Rhode Island Ricardo rice rice bran oil rice hulls rice husks rice price rice straw RICO (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act) RIMPAC RINs (Renewable Identification Numbers) RINs markets RINs price risk management RJ-4 RJ-6 RME (rape methyl ester) RME180 RNA (Ribonucleic acid) roadmap rocket fuel Romania RON (Research Octane Number) rotation crops royalties RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber rumen ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Russia Russian olive rutabaga Rwanda ry rye Rye grass s saccharification Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower sago pond weed SAIC SAK Salicornia salt-tolerant saltbush saltcedar sal tree salt water Sanctions Santa Monica sardine oil Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Advisory Board (SAB) Science Policy Scotland scum sea level rise seaports seashore mallow seawater Seaweed/Macroalgae seaweed cultivation Section 526 Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) seed-to-wheel seed husks Senegal Serbia sesame sewage Seychelles shale shale gas shale oil shark oil sheep shipping shipping containers shipworm Sierra Leone silica Silphie/cup plant/Indian cup silver silver maple simarouba Singapore sisal SK slash Slovakia Slovakia/Slovak Republic Slovenia sludge Small Business Administration small engines small refinery exemption (SRE) smog smokestack soap Social social benefit investing social cost social value social venture Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) soi soil soil amendments soil carbon soil health soil microbial biomass solar-to-fuels solar biofuels solar energy solar energy-to-chemical conversion solaris solid oxide fuel cell 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Supreme Court surahart Suriname Sustainability Swaziland Sweden sweetgum sweet potatoes Sweet sorghum swine waste Switchgrass Switzerland sycamore syngas syngas fermentation synthetic biology synthetic diesel synthetic gasoline synthetic liquified gas (SLG) synthetic methane synthetic natural gas Syria Tailoring Rule Taiwan Tajikistan tall fescue tall oil tallow tallow tree Tamarix tank-to-wheel tank cars tankers tanker trucks Tanzania tariffs taro tar sands Tasmania tax benefit tax credit taxes tax incentives tax parity tax policy tea teach-the-teacher teacher teacher resources teacher training technical course Technical Readiness Levels techno-economic analysis technology transfer tech transfer telephone utility poles Tennessee termites terpenes terrestrial carbon testing Texas textbook Thailand theft therapeutics thermal deoxygenation thermocatalytic conversion thermochemical conversion thermochemical liquefaction Tibet Tier 3 Tier 4 tilapia tillage Timor-Leste tires tobacco tobacco tree Togo Tokyo toluene Tonga tool Toronto torrefaction Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) trade trade dispute/discrimination trade group trade organization Trade Policy trade secrets training trains transesterification transgenics transition Transportation Fuels Policy Transportation Fuels Policy--Municipal Transportation Fuels Policy--State Transportation Policy Treasury Department trees Trinidad and Tobago triticale trucks tubers tung tunicate Tunisia Turkey UCOME (Used Cooking Oil Methyl Ester) Uganda UK (United Kingdom) Ukraine UL (Underwriters Laboratory) ULSD (ultra low sulfur diesel) Ultra Low Sulfur Fuel Oil (ULSFO) underground storage tanks (UST) UNESCO United Arab Emirates (UAE) United Nations' International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) United Nations (UN) United States Auto Club Unleaded 88/E15 uranium urbanization urban sprawl Uruguay USAC US Agency for International Development (USAID) USAID US Army USDA 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