ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change)

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EU Publishes ILUC Risk Additions to RED in Official Journal Following Scrutiny Period

by Meghan Sapp (Biofuels Digest)  In Belgium, in the absence of objections by European Parliament and Council on the proposed text within the given two-month scrutiny period, the European Commission has published in the Official Journal the Delegated Act on the determination

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When Will the EU ‘Get Real’ on Biofuels? European Union Must Embrace Biofuels to Achieve Climate Goals.

by Emmanuel Desplechin (Ethanol Producer Magazine/ePURE)  ... And the EU consistently downplays one of the best tools it has already for an energy transition: low-carbon liquid fuels like renewable EU ethanol. ... The simple fact is the EU will need sustainable, low-carbon fuels

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Where Will All the Feedstock Come From?

by Ron Kotrba (Biodiesel Magazine)  As a new wave of large-scale biomass-based diesel projects develops, experts suggest market forces are ready to deliver the necessary fats, oils and greases.  --  ...Many of these new biomass-based diesel projects intend to produce renewable diesel

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Eastern Europe Backs Locally Produced Biofuels to Save Climate and Farmers

by Sarantis Michalopoulos (EURACTIV.com)  Slovakia, Poland and the Czech Republic have signed a joint declaration saying that Europe will be able to de-carbonise transport through the use of locally produced clean biofuels, which will also boost rural areas and farmers. “We believe

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Ethanol Industry Gets Welcome News: USDA Study Shows It’s More Environmentally Friendly than Gasoline

(The Messenger)  ... The United States Department of Agriculture has just released the findings of a USDA study about the environmental impact of the corn-ethanol industry. The conclusions are superb news — ethanol has significant greenhouse gas benefits when compared to

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EU Committed to Ensuring Sustainability of Bioenergy: Ambassador

by Azis Kurmala (Antara News)  ... Biofuels are an important element of the EU’s renewable energy policy. However, rules are needed to ensure the production of feedstock for biofuels is sustainable and does not cause deforestation through indirect land use

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The Cost of Supporting Alternative Jet Fuels in the European Union

by Nikita Pavlenko, Stephanie Searle, and Adam Christensen (International Council on Clean Transportation) Alternative jet fuels (AJFs) are among the few available in-sector approaches to reduce aviation sector emissions. Although the aviation sector has not played a prominent role in fuels

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EU Sets Limits on Palm Oil in Biofuels as Trade War Looms

by Ewa Krukowska (Bloomberg Quint)  The European Union set new criteria for the use of palm oil in biofuels in a balancing act to try to avert a trade war with producers in Asia while appeasing climate protagonists at home. The measure

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Malaysia's Participation in the Stakeholder Meeting on High and Low Indirect Land Use Change (ILUC) Risk Biofuels under the Recast of the Renewable Energy Directive (EU RED II)

(Malaysia Ministry of Primary Industries)  1. The Ministry of Primary Industries led by the Secretary General, YBhg. Dato’ Dr. Tan Yew Chong is currently in Brussels, Belgium to participate in the Stakeholder Meeting On High And Low Indirect Land Use Change

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The Next Money Crop for Farmers: Solar Panels

by Genevieve Bookwalter (Washington Post)  ... Across the flatlands of Illinois, a new crop is rising among the traditional waves of grain as farmers increasingly make the same calculation as (Randy) DeBaillie. Hundreds have applied to host acres of solar panels

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Biofuels: Commission Blacklists Palm Oil, Throws Soybeans Lifeline

by Gerardo Fortuna (EurActiv)  In an eagerly-awaited decision, the European Commission last week categorised palm oil as a high-emitting biofuel crop but provided some controversial exemptions for smallholders and spared soybeans from the delegated act’s provisions. The Commission act defining the sustainability criteria

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Fermentable Sugar as a Raw Material for the Chemical Industry: First Generation as Sustainable as the Second – Significant Reduction in Greenhouse Gases for Both

(Bio-based News)  New study conducts quantitative and qualitative sustainability assessment of bio-based raw materials for the chemical industry An extensive sustainability study carried out by nova-Institute shows that first-generation fermentable sugar is just as advantageous for a sustainable raw materials strategy of

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UFOP: EU Oilseed Producers Lose in Argentina Imports Settlement

(Union for the Promotion of Oil and Protein Plants (UFOP)/Biodiesel Magazine)  According to Germany’s Union for the Promotion of Oil and Protein Plants (UFOP), European oilseed producers are the losers in the Jan. 30 decision of the representatives of the EU

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QUOTE OF THE WEEK

"The GHG emissions of petroleum are higher than the baseline estimates originally projected by EPA"  That's one finding in a new study by Life Cycle Associates. It's also one reason biofuels entering the marketplace thanks to the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) exceed

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New Study: RFS2 Has Reduced GHG Emissions by 600 Million Metric Tons, Beating EPA Expectations

(Renewable Fuels Association)  A new study released today finds that the expanded Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS2) has been a tremendous success in reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, with nearly 600 million metric tons of GHG reduction since 2007. Actual GHG reductions under the

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Biofuel Sustainability Criteria ‘Blocked’ in EU Commission

by Sarantis Michalopoulos (EurActiv)  A delegated act determining the sustainability criteria of biofuels under the new renewable energy directive (RED II) has been blocked in the European Commission as some Commissioners found the criteria “too light”, EURACTIV has learnt. Speaking on condition of

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Empirical Evidence Suggests Negligible Indirect Land Use Effect of Corn Ethanol in the U.S.

(Agriculture & Applied Ecoomics Association/CISION/PR Web) AAEA Members release research that finds corn ethanol production and crop price changes had negligible impact on cropland -- Since 2007 corn ethanol production has doubled and there was also a sharp upturn in corn prices

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Gaining Support: The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to IEA Bioenergy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) IEA Bioenergy’s inter-task proejct has done extensive work on the sustainability of bioenergy systems, including over 50 authors contributing to over 25 deliverables between 2016-2018 alone. Martin Junginger, Göran Berndes, Inge Stupak, and Uwe Fritsche from IEA

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Rapeseed Costs Less than Fuel Oil

by Helena Taveras Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) In Germany, UFOP reports that for years now, dramatically low prices have defined the level of revenues from rapeseed and soft wheat. The drought year 2018 did not do anything to change this. So anyone who is

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Palm Oil’s Loss May Be U.S. Soybean Gain in EU Biofuel Rule (1)

by Stephen Gardner (Bloomberg)  European Union must propose rule on biofuel crops that cause deforestation or other land-use change by Feb. 1; Palm oil would be phased out as biofuel feedstock in EU, U.S. soybean farmers could benefit -- U.S. soybean companies could be

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Malaysia Says Norway Move to Ban Palm-Based Biodiesel Could Hinder EFTA Trade Talks

(Reuters/Investing.com)  Norway's plans to ban biofuels containing palm oil from 2020 are set to provide a major obstacle to long-running trade talks between the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) and Malaysia, a Kuala Lumpur government minister said on Friday. A Norwegian parliament

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ABC: Canada’s Clean Fuel Standard Takes Step Forward

(Advanced Biofuels Canada/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  In a significant development for the clean fuels sector, Environment and Climate Change Canada released today (December 20, 2018) the Regulatory Design Paper reflecting a year of intensive consultation on the national Clean Fuel Standard (CFS).

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Biofuels Production and Consumption in the European Union (EU): Status, Advances and Challenges

by Laura Lonza and Adrian O'Connell (EAI Bioenergy Task 39) 1. Status of the biofuels industry in the EU The EU is the third largest producer of biofuels in the world. In 2017, North America, South & Central America and Europe had world shares

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More Bioplastics Do Not Necessarily Contribute to Climate Change Mitigation

(University of Bonn)  Study from the University of Bonn assesses potential implications of transitioning to plant-based plastics  --  Bioplastics are often promoted as an environmentally and climate-friendly alternative to conventional petroleum-based plastics. However, a recent study from the University of Bonn suggests

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Q&A: RED II Offers Flexibility to EU Member States

(Argus Media)  Angel Alvarez Alberdi is secretary general of the European Waste-to-Advanced Biofuels Association (EWABA). He spoke to Argus about the EU's Renewable Energy Directive (RED) beyond 2020, the role of waste-based biofuels in Europe's future renewable energy mix and legislation on indirect

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More Sustainable: The Digest’s 2018 Multi-Slide ABLC Guide to Intensification Response & Landscape Design in Bioenergy Production

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Many prominent bioenergy critiques are feedstock-focused — for example, iLUC (Searchinger et al. 2008), carbon debt. Marginal land strategies identify areas where energy crops likely have competitive advantage for productivity and/or conservation based on Biophysical characteristics

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Newsletter IEA Bioenergy Task 37: 11/2018

(Netzwerk Biotreibstoffe)  The recent Newsletter of IEA Bioenergy Task 37 has been released in November 2018. News on reports, studies and more were presented: The future role of gas from a regulatory perspective CO2-based synthetic fuels ILUC GHG emissions of biofuels

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Significantly Less GM-Free Rapeseed Meal without Biodiesel Production

(Union zur Förderung von Oel- und Proteinpflanzen) (UFOP)) The feed market is one of the main beneficiaries of biodiesel production, because rapeseed meal is generated as a by-product of rapeseed oil production. Throughout Europe, rapeseed meal is the primary domestic

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Virtual NGO Making Waves with Online Petition against Palm Oil in Europe

by Meghan Sapp (Biofuels Digest)  In the UK, virtual NGO SumOfUs has gathered nearly 75,000 signatures on a digital petition demanding the European Commission to ban palm oil as part of the regulatory process that will see it publish a report on “high

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Analysis of High and Low Indirect Land-Use Change Definitions in European Union Renewable Fuel Policy

by Stephanie Searle & Jacopo Giuntoli (International Council on Clean Transportation)  The European Union (EU) will continue incentivizing the use of biofuels and other renewable fuels through its recast Renewable Energy Directive for 2021-2030 (RED II). This directive includes a provision

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Energy: New Ambitious Targets on Renewables and Energy Efficiency

(European Parliament)  32.5% increase in energy efficiency by 2030; Renewables must make up 32% of energy consumed by 2030; Push for second-generation biofuels  --  Europeans will be entitled to consume, store and sell the renewable energy they produce -- Parliament approves binding 2030

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Forbes Reviving Old Food vs Fuel Debate in Light of E15

by Meghan Sapp (Biofuels Digest)  In Washington, Forbes magazine is reviving the food vs. fuel debate by sourcing a 2015 publication by controversial researcher Timothy Searchinger from the World Resources Institute’s website. The paper is quoted several times identifying the use of

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Sustainable Intensification: The Digest’s 2018 Multi-Slide Guide to More Biomass for Bioenergy without Imposing iLUC

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Sustainable intensification of agricultural systems in combination with biorefinery processing can produce more biomass for bioenergy without imposing iLUC. That’s the topic of this illuminating overview from Poul Erik Laerke and Uffe Jørgensen of Aarhus University

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UFOP Position Paper Says Time Is Now for Biofuels

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest)  In Germany, UFOP published a position paper intended to appeal to decision-makers in politics, business and science on why biofuels can and should play a role in climate protection goals, especially with discussion about food vs. fuel

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Indonesia Halts All New Palm Oil Plantations for 3 Years

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest)  ... The battle continues between the European Union and its anti-palm oil stance due to deforestation and environmental issues, and Indonesia, the leading palm oil producing country whose farmers and businesses rely heavily on palm oil. With

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EPA Hasn’t Told the Whole Story of the Benefits of Biofuels

by Byron Dorgan (Arent Fox LLP/National Biodiesel Board/The Hill)  ... A recent Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) report released to Congress on the environmental and resource conservation impacts of biofuel production deliberately misses the mark because of what it excludes. The EPA authors note that

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One Day at the World’s Leading Biomass Technology Conference, EUBCE 2018

by Steve Bi* (Advanced Biofuels USA)  Renaissance-era facades capped with green copper patina and orange clay shingles harmonize seamlessly with imaginative, hallmark-of-Scandinavia, hyper-modern structures in downtown Copenhagen. [caption id="attachment_99349" align="alignleft" width="212"] Setting of the EUBCE 2018 Copenhagen[/caption] The city provided the perfect backdrop

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Biofuels and the Environment: Second Triennial Report to Congress

(Environmental Protection Agency)  This report is the second of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) triennial reports to Congress required under the 2007 Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA). EISA Section 204 calls for EPA to report to Congress on the environmental

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EU Backs Industrial-Scale Sustainable Aviation Fuel Production Project and Camelina Cultivation Research

(GreenAir Online)  A new EU-backed project has been launched to demonstrate the first industrial-scale production and use of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) in Europe. The four-year BIO4A initiative will also investigate the potential of reclaiming dry marginal land at risk of

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Sustainable Aviation Fuels Incentive under New EU Renewable Energy Directive Not Enough, Says IATA

(GreenAir Online)  The EU Council, European Parliament and European Commission have agreed a new post-2020 regulatory framework that includes an EU-wide binding renewable energy target for 2030 of 32% with a 14% for transport energy. The current Renewable Energy Directive (RED

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EU Recognises Importance of Crop-Based Ethanol to Achieving Climate Goals

(ePURE/EurActiv)  RED II agreement by negotiators is a step in the right direction, allowing Member States to use sustainable biofuels in fighting climate change   --  Negotiators from the European Parliament, Council and Commission agreed early Thursday morning on a new target for

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Top 10 Biodiesel Trends 2018: What’s up with the World’s Favorite Advanced Biofuel?

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ... We’ve organized the state of biodiesel into 10 areas of vital interest ranging from the development of markets to the entry of ancillary products and new feedstocks. #1 Tax & Trade Free trade vs fair trade: Dumping

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One Commercial, Two Commercial, Three Commercial, Four: The Digest’s 2018 Multi-Slide Guide to Clariant’s Sunliquid Cellulosic Ethanol Technology

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Clariant’s sunliquid technology for the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into sugars, followed by fermentation to cellulosic ethanol, is flexible to be used to convert different feedstocks on a regional basis, for example corn stover in North

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This Land Is Your Land, This Land Is My Land: European Biofuels and the Debate over the ‘Agreeable Corridor’

by Michael Eggleston* (Advanced Biofuels USA) As Europe’s revised Renewable Energy Directive (REDII) plans are set into motion, disagreements about how biofuels are treated in the newly proposed legislation have sparked concerns that Paris’ target of holding global warming below

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Biofuels in the Renewable Energy Directive: The Last Call

by Géraldine Kutas (The Parliament Magazine/Brazilian Sugarcane Industry Association (UNICA))  Ahead of this week's RED II negotiations, Géraldine Kutas explains where policymakers are getting it wrong on biofuels - and how they can fix their mistakes before it's too late.  --  ... 

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Lawrence Solomon: Even Environmentalists Tell Trudeau His Ethanol Plan Is Terrible

by Lawrence Solomon (Financial Post)  Henry Waxman, the U.S. congressman who pushed to cut tailpipe emissions in 2007, is among those who now say biofuels like corn ethanol and soy biodiesel are increasing global warming pollution  --  Prime Minister Justin Trudeau’s plan to

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NGOs Tell Commission to Listen to Science and Differentiate Biofuels

by Claire Stam (EurActiv)  A coalition of Czech and Slovak NGOs has called on the European Commission to draw a line in the Renewable Energy Directive revision (RED II) between more sustainable ethanol and the high greenhouse gas emitting tropical oils. They also said that

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Bioenergy (Biofuels/Biomass) Low-Carbon Biofuels, Bioproducts Crucial to Two Degree Scenario

by Jessie Stolark (Environmental and Energy Study Institute)  In April, the European Commission, International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), below50, the Biofuture Platform, and the ART Fuels Forum formally expressed the sense that low-carbon fuels will be required as part of capping

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Is the EU Killing the Magic Plant? The Emerging International Consensus on Low Carbon Fuels Takes Center Stage in (Spite of) Brussels

by Steve Bi* (Advanced Biofuels USA) At one of a series of bioenergy conferences in Brussels, April 10-12, 2018, some combination of hearty guffaws, inward chuckles and solemn nods greeted the predictable but well-delivered punchline from Miguel Ivan Lacerda de

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UPM Biofuels Gains the World's First RSB Low Indirect Land Use Change (ILUC) Risk Certification for Its Feedstocks

(Globe Newswire)  UPM Biofuels' continuous efforts for a more sustainable supply chain and operations has been recognized by the world's first RSB (Roundtable of Sustainable Biomaterials) low ILUC (indirect land use change) risk certification. The certificate was received for crude tall

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Messages from Brussels: More Biofuels for Transport Are Badly Needed and Can Be Produced Sustainably

(BioFuture Platform)  Several international initiatives and organizations met in Brussels to discuss the need and the ways to scale up low carbon fuels in transport. The international conference, titled “The role of low carbon fuels in decarbonising transport: the emerging consensus

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RED II Perpetuates Advanced Biofuel Trade Distortions and Incentivises Fraud

(Ethanol Europe Renewables/EurActiv) The Energy Directive (RED 2) transport decarbonisation ambitions ostensibly promote major capital investment in truly advanced biofuels breakthrough technologies. However, the Directive will not generate meaningful advanced biofuels investment. Instead, it incentivises fake wastes to meet biofuels

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RED II – Europe’s €25 Billion Blunder

by Dick Roche (EURACTIV)  ... Investments worth billions have already been written off as a result of EU U-turns on biofuels. The half-billion Euro Vivergo plant, at one point the largest industrial project in England, is a monument to confused biofuel

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Questions Raised over EU’s Proposed Advanced Biofuels List

by Sarantis Michalopoulos (EurActiv)  Not all second-generation biofuels listed by the European Commission are sustainable, critics warn, urging policymakers to use the indirect land use change (ILUC) factor to “clean up” the list. The Commission’s proposed revision of the Renewable Energy Directive

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Biodiesel Stands Its Ground, Won’t Back Down: New B20 Vehicles, Emissions Cuts, Highlight NBC 2018

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The makers of the world’s favorite advanced biofuel — a/k/a the biodiesel industry — descended upon Texas to mingle, make and renew ties at the 2018 National Biodiesel Conference. And, to champion new ideas and find

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10 Years After: Advanced Biofuels’ Status, Opportunities and Challenges

by Lorenz Bauer (Lee Enterprises Consulting/Biofuels Digest)   In 2007 the US government established a national strategy for the development of advanced biofuels made using non-edible biomass. After 10 years we are still short of achieving the targets of this plan

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Global Grain Production Mainly Used For Food, Not Fuel

(Minnesota Bio-Fuels Association)  There’s no shortage of food in the world because of biofuel production, a new report says. A new report from the Union For The Promotion Of Oil And Protein Plants E.V, a Germany-based trade association for biofuels and grain farmers,

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Europe’s Polarized Transport Future: A Shift in Biofuel Quality

by Michael Eggleston* (Advanced Biofuels USA) On January 22, 2018, the 15th International Conference on Renewable Mobility titled “Fuels of the Future” was opened up by a discussion with Members of the European Parliament, as well as representatives from the

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Despite EU Palm Oil Ban, Biofuel Problems Will Continue

(Deutsche Welle) Members of the European Parliament have rejected an attempt to phase out support for crop-based biofuels. So what's next in the food versus fuel debate? -- ... The legislative shift, set to take effect in 2020, won't actually change much

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Legal GHG Reduction Requirement for Biofuels Rises to 50 Percent

(Union zur Förderung von Oel- und Proteinpflanzen (Union for the Promotion of Oil and Protein Plants, UFOP) (google translation))  The Union for the Promotion of Oil and Protein Plants (UFOP) recalls that from 1 January 2018, the increased greenhouse gas (GHG)

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Updated UFOP Report on Global Market Supply Published

(Union zur Förderung von Oel- und Proteinpflanzen (Union for the Promotion of Oil and Protein Plants, UFOP))  Strong global harvest yields mean that supply on international markets is more than sufficient. The figures indicate that there is enough to meet worldwide

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US Government Report Strengthens Consensus on Biodiesel Benefits

(National Biodiesel Board)  Argonne National Laboratory, US Dept. of Agriculture, and Purdue University affirm impressive emissions reductions  --  A new study on biodiesel’s lifecycle energy and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission effects updates and reaffirms the long-understood benefits of using the renewable fuel.

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Commission Tells Malaysia Proposed Biofuel Policy Respects WTO Rules

by Sarantis Michalopoulos (EurActiv)  The European Commission’s proposal for the recast of the Renewable Energy Directive is in compliance with the EU’s commitments under the World Trade Organisation (WTO) rules, Commission sources told EURACTIV.com, replying to threats from Malaysia to refer

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Regulating Indirect Land Use Carbon Emissions Carries Cost to Consumers

by Deborah Gertz Husar (Herald-Whig) ... University of Illinois agricultural economist Madhu Khanna said the low-carbon fuel standard creates incentives to switch to low-carbon advanced biofuels, but including the indirect effect makes compliance more costly and fuel more expensive for consumers. "What

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EU Energy Council Agreement Sends Mixed Messages on Renewables

(The EU Biodiesel Chain)  On Dec. 18, the EU Energy Ministers agreed on the Council General Approach for the post-2020 EU Renewable Energy Directive (RED II). The EU Biodiesel Chain welcomes the council decision to increase the minimum share of renewable

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Limited Progress in Calculation of ILUC Effects from Biofuel Production, Study Finds

(Biofuels International)  Researchers have carried out systematic analysis of the latest scientific evidence on indirect land use change (ILUC) greenhouse gas emissions associated with the production of biofuels and bioliquids. Experts from the Biomass Department of CENER (National Renewable Energy Centre of

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Commission’s Biofuels Proposal May Kill Future Investment, Industry Warns

by Samuel White (EurActiv)  The biofuels industry has hit out at the European Commission’s proposal to reduce the cap on crop-based biofuels in the EU’s transport fuel mix, saying it would undermine the EU executive’s renewable energy policy and slash investment in

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Technology Key to Ensuring Sustainable Bioenergy and Biofuel Production

(EU Science Hub)  Bioenergy is the most common renewable energy source in Europe - and it's expected to continue to make up a significant part of the energy mix in the future. However, its climate performance can vary significantly depending on the

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Does Regulating Indirect Land Use Change Work? The Digest’s 2017 Multi-Slide Guide to ILUC Reform

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  University of Illinois Champaign-Urbana professor Madhu Khanna has been raising issues with including an indirect land use change factor for compliance with  low carbon fuel standards. Why, since ILUC is a required calculation for the Renewable Fuel

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Divided on Biofuel Phase-Out, Parliament Looks for Compromise

by Paola Tamma (EurActiv)  The lawmaker in charge of steering the EU’s biofuels reform in the European Parliament is looking for compromise after MEPs last week rejected his proposal to phase out crop-based biofuels entirely by 2030 and ban palm oil in

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EP Committee on Environment Denies Prospects for Domestic Biofuels

(Union for the Promotion of Oil and Protein Plants)  The Union for the Promotion of Oil and Protein Plants (UFOP) expresses its disappointment in the result of the vote in the European Parliament's Committee on Environment on Monday this week concerning

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Opinion: Biofuels Sustainable, Essential To Aviation’s Future

by Adam Klauber, Isaac Toussie, Steve Csonka and Barbara Bramble (Aviation Week & Space Technology)  To some, biofuels conjure negative images of industrial-scale agriculture with cornstalks as far as the eye can see, or worse, displaced orangutans squatting dejectedly beside burning

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Four Swedish NGOs Write MEPs Demanding a Shift in Biofuels Policy

by Meghan Sapp (Biofuels Digest)  In Sweden, a group of four NGOs have written an open letter to members of European Parliament urging them to rethink the proposals for the second version of the Renewable Energy Directive, claiming that Swedish

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Shift to Sustainable Food System in Europe Is Possible, but Faces Challenges

(European Environment Agency)  Making Europe’s production, consumption and trade in food environmentally sustainable is possible, but it will require a major shift in public attitudes, policies and knowledge and seizing current opportunities for change, according to a European Environment Agency (EEA)

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More than Half of EU Biodiesel Made from Imported Crops, Study Finds

by  Samuel White  (EurActiv)  Some 53% of EU biodiesel is made with imported feedstock, according to a recent analysis of European Commission data by NGO Transport and Environment, and almost half of imported palm oil is burned in car engines. “EU car

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Biofuels International 2017 Conference in Edinburgh - A Peek into EU’s Biofuel Industry and Policy Outlook

by Aino Siirala* (Advanced Biofuels USA)  The 10th Biofuels International Conference and Expo took place in Edinburgh this year. The conference was co-located with Bioenergy Insight 2017 conference which gave the participants an opportunity to attend both events at the

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Parliament Debate Debunks Misconceptions on #Biodiesel Carbon Savings and Benefits

(EU Reporter)  Ahead of key votes on the post-2020 EU Renewable Energy Directive (RED II) in the ITRE, ENVI and TRAN Committees of the European Parliament (EP), EU Biodiesel Chain held a debate in Strasbourg aimed at countering misperceptions on biofuels

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A Sticky Matter: Sugar Molasses Dent EU’s Ambitions on Advanced Biofuels

by Paola Tamma (EurActiv)  Sugar molasses, which the European Commission sees as “advanced” biofuel, present many of the same problems as conventional biofuels – including a potential increase in food prices and land competition for food production. But their definition as biofuels

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UK Department for Transport Announces Biofuel Reforms

(NNFCC Ltd./Biodiesel Magazine)  Following years of policy uncertainty and market stagnation, the U.K.’s Department for Transport has announced its intention to raise the target under the Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation, paving the way for future growth of the U.K. biofuels

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The People’s Fuel

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Biodiesel is the people’s advanced biofuel, but it is not always the Establishment’s darling.  Whether it is cleaner air, more lubricity, more advanced domestic manufacturing and jobs, higher property values driving higher revenues for states

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Academic Study: Biodiesel Benefits Under-Valued for Years

(National Biodiesel Board)  A new academic paper published in Biotechnology for Biofuels shows biodiesel’s benefits are even better than previous models suggest. Updated modeling from Purdue University suggests the advantage of using biodiesel has been underestimated by 10 percent. “This latest research verifies

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Waste Not Want Not: Understanding the Greenhouse Gas Implications of Diverting Waste and Residual Materials to Biofuel Production

(International Council on Clean Transportation) ... Indirect emissions can also result from the use of waste and residual materials for biofuel production. For example, fatty acid distillates from palm oil refining are currently utilized in applications including oleochemicals, soaps, and animal

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Solar Plants Take Root on Farms

by Jeremy Deaton (Nexus Media) ... Many are leasing their fields to solar developers in need of flat land clear of trees and other obstructions. This practice has become so popular that the Solar Energy Industries Association published a guide for landowners. Recently, former president

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EU’s Biofuels U-Turn Is Final Nail in Coffin of Irish Sugar

by Dick Roche (Irish Examiner)  When it was enacted in 2009, the EU’s Renewable Energy Directive was seen as a progressive step towards meeting Europe’s climate change targets ....  --  The directive — which provided that by 2020 at least

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House Committee Debates Future Federal Support of Biofuels

by Sara Taginawa (Environmental and Energy Study Institute)  On Tuesday, July 25, the House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology held a hearing examining the future of biofuels and the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS). According to Emily Skor, chief executive officer

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EU Renewable Energy Policy Undermined by Lack of Transparency and Unsubstantiated Assumptions

(Impact Assessment Institute)  The Impact Assessment Institute (IAI) has scrutinised in detail the Impact Assessments accompanying the European Commission legislative proposal for a directive on the use of energy from renewable sources.  The lack of availability for scrutiny of the

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MEPs Ask Commission to Distinguish ‘Good and Bad’ Crop-Based Biofuels

by Sarantis Michalopoulos  (EurActiv)  The European Parliament’s Environment, Public Health and Food Safety (ENVI) Committee endorsed on Thursday (29 June) its opinion on the European Strategy for Low Emission Mobility, calling on the Commission to keep the sustainable biofuels in

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Biomass and Biofuels in the EU: Emotion-Based Policymaking?

by Francis X. Johnson (Stockholm Environment Institute/Euractiv)  The European Commission’s tinkering on biomass policy effectively promotes oil over economically viable and sustainable biofuels ...  --  ... In its proposed legislative changes, the European Commission abandoned the position it adopted in the 2009

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Regulating the Indirect Land Use Carbon Emissions from Biofuels Imposes High Hidden Costs on Fuel Consumers

(Phys.Org/ University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)  ... To penalize the carbon emissions from this so-called indirect land use change, the USEPA and California Air Resources Board include an indirect land use change factor when considering the carbon savings with biofuels for

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Ecofys Study on Crude Tall Oil Markets and Availability: Sufficient Supply for Advanced Biofuels, Biomaterials and Energy Usage

(UPM)  UPM Biofuels commissioned a study from leading international energy and climate consultancy Ecofys - A Navigant Company, entitled "Crude tall oil low ILUC risk assessment: comparing global supply and demand". The study looked into crude tall oil (CTO) availability,

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RFS Has Been ‘Tremendous Success’ Since Adoption, According to RFA Analysis

by Emily Druckman (Renewable Fuels Association)  More than a decade after the original renewable fuel standard (RFS) was signed into law, tremendous progress has been made toward its goals of energy security, clean air and boosting local economies, according to

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Industry and Farmers See Biofuels as a Crucial Market ‘Outside CAP’

by Sarantis Michalopoulos (ERUACTIV)  Farmers see biofuels as a crucial source of income but investors clashed with NGOs at an event organised by EURACTIV last week (12 May), over the European Commission’s post-2020 biofuels proposal and the realities of its

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Driving GHG Down, Bringing Capacity Up

by Susanne Retka Schill (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Increasing efficiency is the ethanol industry’s top goal, and proving it to the U.S. EPA opens the way for expanded ethanol production.  --  The number to beat to be named an efficient ethanol

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The Digest’s 2017 Multi-Slide Guide to Agrisoma

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The production of Agrisoma’s Resonance Carinata is being expanded to multiple locations globally to provide a supply of sustainable, non-food oils for meeting the demand for sustainable biofuels. Resonance Carinata is certified sustainable by the

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Fighting Misinformation One Fact at a Time

by Bob Dinneen (Renewable Fuels Association/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  RFA's president and CEO highlights key facts from the organization's annual industry outlook handbook in the View from the Hill column  --  ...  The handbook dives into specifics, providing hard-hitting facts to

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Oh, the Irony! 'Eco-Friendly' Biodiesel Found Environmentally Destructive

(Sputnik News)  Whereas biofuel is often touted as the "greenest" solution to the Earth's climate woes, such as global warming, many experts find it at least as damaging to the environment as ordinary fuel. Another characteristic worth considering is the

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USDA Releases New Report on Lifecycle Greenhouse Gas Balance of Ethanol

(U.S. Department of Agriculture)  Analysis finds that U.S. corn-based ethanol reduces greenhouse gas emissions by 43 percent compared to gasoline, with additional benefits projected through 2022  --  Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack today announced the release of a report studying the

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Commission ‘Dangerously’ Out of Touch with Reality on Biofuels

by Dick Roche (EurActiv/Pannonia Ethanol)   A response delivered by Commissioner Miguel Arias Cañete in the European Parliament last week demonstrates just how dangerously out of touch with reality the executive is on a policy that impacts on the lives of

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Senate Committee Hearing Focuses on GAO’s RFS Reports

by Erin Voegele (Biomass Magazine)  On Dec. 1, the Senate Subcommittee on Regulatory Affairs and Federal Management held a hearing to discuss the U.S. EPA’s management of the renewable fuel standard (RFS) and two Government Accountability Office reports released on

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Commission’s Flip-Flop on Biofuels Puts at Risk Tens of Thousands of Jobs

by Patrick Kent (Irish Cattle & Sheep Farmers’ Association/Euractiv)  The key element of this renewable energy plan is that the ceiling for the crop biofuel component of EU transport fuels will be slashed from 7% to 3.8% by 2030. The

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EC Releases RED II, Proposes First-Generation Biofuels Phase-out and New Sustainability Criterion for Forest Biomass

(Biofuels International) The European Commission has released its long-awaited revised Renewable Energy Directive (RED) and proposed the phase-out of food crop-based biofuels from 2021. The EC also wants to simultaneously introduce a sub-mandate for advanced biofuels. It also proposes to introduce a

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EU Considering Halving Crop-Based Biofuels by 2030: Draft

by Robert-Jan Bartunek, Sybille de La Hamaide and Alissa de Carbonnel (Reuters)  The European Commission is considering halving the maximum amount of crop-based biofuels used in transport after 2020 over concerns they increase rather than reduce carbon emissions, according to

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Q&A: Alcogroup Says Ethanol Is Key to GHG Targets

(Argus Media)  Belgium-based ethanol producer Alcogroup's chief executive Charles-Albert Peers spoke to Argus about near-term prospects for the European ethanol market following the introduction of gasoline with a maximum blended volume of 10pc ethanol (E10) in Belgium in 2017, and

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What is Australia’s Biofuel Future?

(Ecogeneration)  With growing interest in Australia in the production of liquid biofuels, bio-refining experts Geoff Bell, CEO of Australian company Microbiogen, and Ed de Jong, vice-president of development at Dutch renewable chemicals company Avantium, consider the drivers of biofuels production

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European Farmers Stress Biodiesel Role in Agriculture and Transport Decarbonisation Post-2020

(Biofuels International)  The European Oilseed Alliance (EOA), the European Biodiesel Board (EBB), and the Vegetable Oil and Protein Meal Industry stress the importance of sustainable energy sources in the low-carbon economy post-2020. The organisation held on Wednesday a dinner debate in

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An EU Biofuels Proposal Worth Getting Behind

by James Cogan (Biofuels Digest)  Europe’s bioethanol association ePure just released a renewables policy paper that’s something to get excited about. It’s a show of confidence and ambition on the part of Europe’s ethanol CEOs.  Their product delivers climate and bioeconomy

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Europe’s 2030 Renewables Policy Needs a Strong Approach on Biofuels

(ePURE) The European Commission should apply its own latest available science on biofuels if the EU renewable energy policy is to be a success, says the European renewable ethanol association (ePURE). In its July Communication on Low Emission Mobility, the Commission indicated

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Ethanol Blog: Science Improves on Land-Use Change, Biodiesel

by Todd Neeley (DTN-The Progressive Farmer)  Purdue University agriculture economics professor Wally Tyner isn’t exactly ready to discount the theory of indirect land use change, or ILUC, that has been the bane of biofuels’ existence since the creation of the

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New Data Reaffirms Carbon Benefits of Biodiesel

(National Biodiesel Board)  Economic modeling by Purdue University continues to reduce predicted emissions of ‘indirect land use change’  --  Biomass-based fuels present a tremendous opportunity to transition toward a more sustainable mix of renewable energy. This was a key theme

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The EU Commission Has Lost the Plot on Biofuels

by Dick Roche (Biofuels Digest/Pannonia Ethanol)  Just as the EU institutions were shutting up shop for the long summer break the EU Commission issued its strategy to reduce transport emissions in the post 2020 period, ‘European Strategy for low Emission Mobility’.

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BioFuelNet Responds To Study Claiming “ Biofuels Are Worse Than Gasoline”

by Marie-Joe Costantine (BioFuelNet)  Study stating “ biofuels are worse than gasoline” is fundamentally flawed  --  ... In the study, when (John) DeCicco and colleagues calculate the CO2 emissions going into the atmosphere, they consider all parts of the plant: leaves, stalks,

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Biofuels Are Worse than Gasoline? Creative Accounting Leads to Claim

by Robert C. Brown (Des Moines Register)  ... The genesis of the latest headlines is frustration among certain biofuels critics that life-cycle analysis no longer supports their criticism of biofuels. The solution, of course, is to throw out life-cycle analysis

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The Case Against Ethanol Opponents: They Are Simply Incorrect +VIDEO

by  Marc J. Rauch (The Auto Channel) ... I can't say for sure, since I haven't done a count and compared it to a calendar, but it seems to me that the American oil industry has been ramping up its attacks

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Do Biofuels Harm the Planet More than Gasoline?

Rowena Lindsay (Christian Science Monitor)  A new study suggests that biofuels can mitigate only 37 percent of the CO2 released by burning the biofuel. --  That's a flawed premise, argues Daniel Schrag, a geology professor at Harvard who advises the

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MichBio Responds to Flawed University of Michigan Research Study on Biofuels and Greenhouse Gas Emissions

(MichBio/BusinessWire)  MichBio, the biosciences industry association in Michigan, issued the following statement today regarding the release of a University of Michigan research study that claims the rising use of biofuels in the U.S. has led to a net increase in

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Biofuels Worse for Climate Change than Gasoline, U-M Study Says

by Keith Matheny (Detroit Free Press)  The multi-billion-dollar U.S. biofuels industry — promoted and expanded for over a decade by the federal government — may be built on a false assumption, according to a new University of Michigan study published today

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Europe’s Broken Biofuels Policy

by Dick Roche (EurActiv)  Public policy should be built on firm foundations. Objective analysis, verifiable facts and solid science are good starting points, but that was absent in biofuels policy-making, writes Dick Roche. The foundations on which Europe’s biofuel policy has

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Bloomberg Gets Duped by Anti-RFS Crowd

by Geoff Cooper (Renewable Fuels Association)  Here we go again. We didn’t think it could get much worse than the Associated Press hit piece on ethanol in late 2013. But an ethanol hatchet job by Bloomberg published this week actually

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Higher Ethanol Use Can Lead to 14% GHG Reduction in European Transport by 2030 - New Study

(ePURE)  A new study by renowned global consultancy Ricardo Energy & Environment has found that the higher use of ethanol in Europe would contribute to a 14.1% GHG emission reduction in European transport, even after possible land use change (ILUC)

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Can Brexit Open the Way for Talks with the European Commission on CO2 Tax?

(Svebio (Google Translation))  One of the consequences of the outcome of the British referendum and upcoming Brexit can be a rethink of the EU's way of working, not least to meet similar EU-hostile public opinion in other EU countries. The

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Reconciling Food Security and Bioenergy: Priorities for Action

by Keith L. Kline, Siwa Msangi, Virginia H. Dale, Jeremy Woods, Glaucia M. Souza, Patricia Osseweijer, Joy S. Clancy, Jorge A. Hilbert, Francis X. Johnson, Patrick C. McDonnell, Harriet K. Mugera (Global Change Biology: Bioenergy) ...  Understanding the nexus of food security, bioenergy sustainability, and resource management facilitates achievement of the 2030

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Boeing in Europe: Supporting Development and Commercialisation of Sustainable Aviation Biofuels

(Boeing/EurActiv)   Boeing is encouraging regulators to create a strong policy framework to advance sustainable aviation biofuels. 2016 is Boeing’s centennial year: in the past century we have united the world through more efficient air travel and pioneered the outer reaches of

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It Depends: Heard on the Floor at ABLC Feedstocks

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ...  The headline from the event is that projects and feedstock providers are more engaged than we have seen previously — a wave of technology development that once took place with a “we’ll work out

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Guest Opinion: Misinformation Hurts Ethanol's Place at Pump

by Mike Lefever (Post Independent/Citizen Telegram)  ... In the end, though, I hope your take away is the same as mine; there’s a place at the pump for ethanol, petroleum and other fuels. We just don’t want ethanol to lose its place

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Scientists Agree, Biodiesel A Key to Global Carbon Reduction

(National Biodiesel Board/PR NewsWire)  World's experts advance the science of quantifying transportation emissions  --  Scientific experts agree that America's Advanced Biofuel, biodiesel, holds significant promise in the effort to reduce carbon emissions. Last year, biodiesel use in the U.S. cut

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Feature: Ethanol Producers Say California 'Carbon Intensity' Scores Still Too High

by Josh Pedrick  (Platts)  Most "legacy" ethanol producers who sell their product in California are unhappy with updated "carbon intensity" scores, saying the application process was inconsistent and left scores too high to meet the state's Low Carbon Fuel Standard. Legacy

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Now Is Not the Time to Kiss the Biofuels Goodbye

by Dick Roche (EurActiv)  The European Commission’s proposal to scrap the mandate for the use of biofuels and, in effect, to ‘kiss biofuels goodbye,’ is a catastrophic policy based largely on arguments that have no solid foundation, writes Dick Roche. ... Initially, biofuels

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Europe Continues to Get Biodiesel Wrong

by Ron Kotrba (Biodiesel Magazine)  A provocative opinion piece on Europe's reliance on unsound indirect land use change theory  --  It is clear there is a politicized agenda in Europe to undermine sustainable, liquid biofuels such as biodiesel and forge

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Biodiesel Worse for the Environment than Fossil fuels, Warn Green Campaigners

by James Crisp (EurActiv)  Instead of reducing them, using biodiesel in transport will increase polluting emissions by 4%, the same as putting an extra 12 million cars on the road in 2020, green campaigners have said. Biodiesel is touted as one way

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Time for Full Carbon Accounting

by Zoltán Szabó (Biofuels Digest)  The sustainability aspects of transport fuels are in the spotlight this year in Brussels as a number of key files make their way through the process, namely the Energy Union package, the new Renewable Energy

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What Do We Do about Palm Oil?

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ... In the world of fuels, Neste Oil has backed away from palm oil in order to expand in the US market on more favorable terms, with palm’s lowly status after indirect land use change modeling

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Crops of the Biofrontier: In Search of Opportunities for Sustainable Energy Cropping

by Stephanie Searle, Chelsea Petrenko, Ella Baz, and Chris Malins  (International Council on Clean Transportation)  Describes case studies of energy cropping in Europe in the context of advanced biofuel and bioproducts sustainability. -- European biofuel policy has been dominated by discussions

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EU Must Increase Ethanol Use to Meet Targets

by Robert Wright (Ethanol Producer Magazine/ePURE)  Renewable energy use in transport in all 28 EU members has been much less than projected in their National Renewable Energy Action Plans, with the gap widening. Actual ethanol consumption has remained relatively flat,

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Urban Air Initiative, Energy Future Coalition Challenge EPA Data on Ethanol’s Lifecycle Emissions

(Urban Air Initiative)  Urban Air Initiative joined the Energy Future Coalition and the Governors’ Biofuels Coalition (GBC) in calling on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to recognize an overwhelming body of new evidence showing fuel ethanol can reduce carbon

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Make Haste with Waste

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ... (W)hen you compare them to homogenized, uniform, high-yield, purpose-grown energy crops. residues may be queer, but they are here. Not only available, but reliable, you can count on the fact that they will not

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The Yield Dividend: 5-10X Increase in Sorghum Opening New Options for Africa?

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ... In South Africa,, Chromatin and Zaad Holdings have entered into an alliance to produce and distribute planting seed for grain and forage sorghum throughout the African continent. In Africa, sorghum is used in the food and

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EU’s 2030 Climate and Energy Objectives Will Be Missed without Biofuels

by Peder Holk Nielsen (Novozymes/EurActiv)  If Europe is serious about its climate commitments, and if Europe wants to reduce its dependence on imported oil, then we need to increase the amount of low-carbon biofuels in the energy mix, writes Peder

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Report Quantifies Land Use Change Impact of Biofuels Consumed in the EU

(Ecofys) Land Use Change effects differ significantly for various types of biofuels consumed in the EU. Today, the European Commission has published a report by Ecofys, IIASA and E4tech that quantifies the ILUC emissions from EU biofuel consumption. ILUC, or

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Building a Bioethanol Coalition in the Fight Against Climate Change

by Jan Koninckx (DuPont/Biofuels Digest) ... (O)ur call is clear: we must act with the utmost urgency as we work toward solutions to help slow man-made climate change. Transportation contributes a quarter of all man-made CO2 emissions, and it needs

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Biofuels Are Back on the EU Agenda

by Sonja van Renssen (Energy Post)  Biofuels are returning to the political agenda in Europe as EU policymakers start to shape a strategy for reducing greenhouse gas emissions from transport after 2020. Biofuels producers continue to argue that they are

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Putting Corn in Your Car Isn’t as Crazy as It Sounds

by Nathanael Johnson (Grist)  When I first looked at the environmental impact of corn ethanol I thought it was simple: Grow an acre of corn for fuel and it means you have to grow another acre elsewhere for food, which

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Let’s Not Leave the Discussion in Iowa

by Dave VanderGriend (Ethanol Producer Magazine/ICM/Urban Air Initiative)  ... Regardless of where candidates stood on ethanol, having this first step on the road to the White House begin in Iowa provides an opportunity to talk about an issue that affects everyone

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Meeting the California Low Carbon Challenge

by Susanna Retka Schill (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Eighty-nine ethanol producers west of the Mississippi River prepare for the revised LCFS.  ... After a couple of years in limbo due to challenges to the Low Carbon Fuel Standard, the California carbon credit

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California Launches New Fuel Policies in 2016

by Graham Noyes (Biodiesel Magazine/ Keyes, Fox & Wiedman LLP)  California will be the biodiesel market to watch in 2016 as the state implements a diverse portfolio of policies that will directly impact the industry. The state’s landmark greenhouse gas

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UK Government Prepares for RTFO Consultation

(Biofuels International) The UK Government is preparing to consult on legislative changes to the Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation (RTFO) this year. In correspondence published this week, Patrick McLoughlin, the UK's Transport Secretary, set out plans to decarbonise the UK's transport sector in

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New Biofuels Could Cut Emissions and Preserve Land Used to Grow Food

by Nathan Collins (Pacific Standard)  Researchers combine ecological and economic models to examine the benefits of growing grass as fuel.  ---  ... Fortunately, corn isn't the only source of ethanol—in particular, there are perennial grasses like switchgrass and miscanthus. Those options

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California Sugarcane Ethanol Pathway Certified by CARB

(California Ethanol & Power LLC/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  California Ethanol & Power LLC (CE+P) recently announced the certification of the carbon intensity (CI) pathway for its anticipated sugarcane and sweet sorghum ethanol by the California’s Air Resources Board. CE+P’s sugarcane ethanol will

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Study: Second-Generation Biofuels Can Reduce Emissions

(EurekAlert!/University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)  Second-generation biofuel crops like the perennial grasses Miscanthus and switchgrass can efficiently meet emission reduction goals without significantly displacing cropland used for food production, according to a new study. Researchers from the University of Illinois

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14 More Answers for your Burning Questions about Biofuels, Renewable Chemicals, the New Agriculture, and Biobased Products

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ... Q. How have the US elections and the regulatory situation in the US impacted development of biofuels for other countries, particularly Latin America? ...  Not much impact from the 2014 US elections, so far —

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Re-Thinking the Carbon Reduction Value of Corn Ethanol Fuel

by Ron Alverson (Ethanol Across America)  It has been seven years since Argonne National Labs (ANL), as part of the Energy Security and Independence Act requirements, first determined the Life Cycle Carbon Intensity of mid-west corn ethanol fuel. ANL, using

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criteria pollutants Croatia crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude oil Cuba cup plant cuphea currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cusi cutworm caterpillars cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) cylindro Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs d-5 D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D20 (20%DME) D5 (5%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA date kernel oil date palm date palm pits date palm waste Dates DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act deficit definitions deforestation defossilization Dehydration Delaware DeltaWing demonstration demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify density Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Health and Human Services 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drop-in biofuels/hydrocarbons drought drought tolerant drought-resistant dry ice dual cropping Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E100 E100 conversion kit E11 E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E2 E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E3 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E70 diesel E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency egg shell Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric Vehicle (EV) Prices electric grid electricity electricity price electricity/power generation electricity/power transmission electrocatalysis electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels (e-fuels) electrofuels (e-fuels) prices electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) electrons Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants embargo eminent domain emissions emissions standards EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 EN 228 EN 590 EN228 (standard pump gasoline) end user end-of-life Endangered Species Act (ESA) Energy Bill energy cane energy consumption energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy prices energy reserves Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine Development engine problems Engine/Fuel Co-optimization engineering England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment environmental impact study (EIS) environmental justice/socially inclusive environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Environmentalists Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic depolymerization enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling Enzyme solicitation enzymes EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) Equatorial Guinea equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) etha ethane ethanol ethanol benefits ethanol blend wall ethanol blended diesel ED ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol emissions ethanol ether diesel fuel ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol to gas ethanol tolerance ethanol-fueled aircraft Ethanol-to-Gasoline (ETG) ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/diesel ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethyl levulinate (EL) ethylbenzene ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order executive order--state Extended Range Electric Vehicle (EREV) externalities extremophiles f F Factor F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farmers farming farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation Feedstocks fermentation ferry fertilizer fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) Fischer-Tropsch/FT fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources Forest Service forestry forklifts Formate formic acid fossil carbon fossil fuel Frace fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud free fatty acids (FFA) Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon gallium Gambia games gas prices gas tax/highway user fee gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gasoline-range hydrocarbons Gemany General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Gerrmany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) Intensity giant cane giant kelp Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect Global South global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grain sorghum/milo grain speculators grains GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery green/black economy Greenland GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Guinea Bissau Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP gypsum h Haiti Halophytes harvest site processing harvesting Hawai'i hay hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ HDO-SAK (hydro deoxygenated synthetic aromatic kerosene) health health benefits health effects heat of combustion heat of vaporization heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic 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pumps/fueling stations hydrogen tax credit hydrogen terminal Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Price hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogenolysis hydropower Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal gasification hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois Illiois illuppai ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indian beech tree Indian grass Indiana indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial burners industrial ethanol industrial gases industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated biorefineries integrated 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Nevada New Brunswick new fuel approval New Guinea New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New South Wales New York New Zealand Newfoundland Newfoundland and Labrador next generation biofuels next generation vehicles NHRA drag racing Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrogen starvation nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota North Korea Northeast northern catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory Northwest Territories Norwary Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds nuclear Nunavut nut shells nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition oak oat hulls oat straw oats Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy Office of Science and 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