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Advanced Biofuels USA: promoting the understanding, development and use of advanced biofuels around the world.

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Biofuels Industry Tackles COVID-19, War Challenges

by Susan Reidy (WorldGrain.com) Just as the global biofuels industry was regaining ground from a severe drop in production caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, it is now facing new struggles with

April 21, 2022 Read Full Article

From Ethanol Producers with Love

by Iris Gonzales (The Philippine Star) Everyone is now talking about rising oil prices, renewable energy, and the need to have our own sources of fuel. I almost forgot about ethanol. Thanks

March 22, 2022 Read Full Article

Some Mills Resume Sugarcane Crushing in Brazil to Make Ethanol

by Roberto Samora and Marcelo Teixeira (Reuters/NASDAQ)  A handful of mills resumed sugarcane crushing in Brazil’s centre-south (CS) region after several weeks off,seeking to produce ethanol and profit from sky-high prices for

March 15, 2022 Read Full Article

Grassley and Ernst Call on Biden to Unleash Iowa Biofuel Immediately as Gas Prices Hit Record High, U.S. Bans Russian Oil

(Office of Senator Chuck Grassley (R-IA))  Iowa senators introduce bipartisan legislation to open up the use of clean, American-made renewable fuels that are available right now to replace banned Russian

March 9, 2022 Read Full Article

Report Shows Impact of COVID-19 on Canadian Ethanol Industry

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) A report recently filed with the USDA Foreign Agricultural Service’s Global Agricultural Information Network illustrates the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Canada’s ethanol industry

January 19, 2022 Read Full Article

Report: Japan’s Ethanol Blend Level Averages 1.8% in 2021

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) Fuel ethanol consumption in Japan is expected to reach 823 million liters (217.41 million gallons) in 2021, down from 850 million liters in 2020, according

January 6, 2022 Read Full Article

Column: Grain Traders Eye U.S. Crops, China and Biofuels to Headline 2022 -Braun

by Karen Braun (Reuters) Grain and oilseed markets in 2021 proved just as exciting as in 2020 with prices hitting multiyear highs on shrinking stockpiles. Whether those prices sustain or relax

December 15, 2021 Read Full Article

FTC: US Ethanol Industry Remains Unconcentrated

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) The Federal Trade Commission on Dec. 1 released its annual report on ethanol market concentration. As in previous reports, the agency determined that “the low

December 2, 2021 Read Full Article

As American Gasoline Prices Soar, Some Blame Ethanol

by Christopher M. Matthews (Wall Street Journal)  Prices for the biofuel have surged, rekindling a debate about whether it’s contributing to pain at the pump — … Now, lobbyists for the

November 29, 2021 Read Full Article

Archer Daniels Midland Sued over Ethanol Derivative Contracts Market

(Law Street)  On Tuesday, Green Plains Inc. and its subsidiaries filed a complaint in the District of Nebraska against Archer Daniels Midland Company alleging it had manipulated the derivative contracts market

October 30, 2021 Read Full Article

Spotlight: Brazil Sugarcane Harvest Failure Hampers Biofuels Growth, Raises Refinery Runs

(S&P Global)  Weather disruptions reduce sugarcane harvest in CS Brazil to 10-year low, ethanol output to 4-year low S&P Global Platts ethanol price assessment reaches new record high despite peak

August 19, 2021 Read Full Article

25 % Subsidy for Investors for Ethanol Production

(The Pioneer) In a bid to attract investors for ethanol production in the State, Department of Industries organised a Stakeholders’ Meet on the draft Jharkhand Ethanol Production and Promotion Policy 2021

July 28, 2021 Read Full Article

United States, Brazil Expected to Constrain Ethanol Output in Coming Months

(GrainNet/Reuters) The United States and Brazil, the world’s top two ethanol producers, are expected to hold down production in coming months because of the surging cost of corn and sugar. Tight

June 22, 2021 Read Full Article

Ag Groups Make Kearney Part of Statewide Trip to Encourage Use of Ethanol-Blended Fuels

by Grace McDonald (Kearney Hub) To highlight the importance of renewable fuels, Cooperative Producers Inc. Premier Stop in Kearney hit the gas on ethanol-blended fuels by offering customers discounts recently

May 27, 2021 Read Full Article

Update 1-Brazil Fuel Retailers Ask Govt to Cut Ethanol Blending in Gasoline

by Marcelo Teixeira (Reuters) Fuel retailers in Brazil have asked the government to reduce the amount of ethanol required to be blended into gasoline, saying a smaller production in the current season

May 17, 2021 Read Full Article

American Drivers Are Saving the Corn Ethanol Industry–for Now

by Tim McDonnell  (Quartz)  … A year later, American drivers are back at the gas pump, and ethanol plants are back online. ADM re-opened its plants in early April; POET’s plants re-opened in August

May 6, 2021 Read Full Article

At 7.2%, India Blends Record Ethanol with Petrol in First 4 Months

by Sanjeeb Mukherjee (Business Standard)  So far, the best ever ethanol blend with petrol has been around 5.2 per cent at all-India level. — Ethanol blending in India has reached more

April 5, 2021 Read Full Article

U.S. Energy Information Administration to Release New Monthly Biofuels Data

(U.S. Department of Energy)  The U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) announced today that it will release expanded monthly biofuels data through a new report—the Monthly Biofuels Capacity and Feedstocks Update. On March

March 26, 2021 Read Full Article

Colombia Raises Biofuel Admixture

(BN Americas) Colombia’s mines and energy ministry has established guidelines stipulating higher biofuel admixtures in fuel. The required percentage of ethanol in gasoline will rise to 10% from 5% in

March 9, 2021 Read Full Article

Ethanol as Essential Energy: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to RFA’s 2021 Ethanol Outlook

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) The hot-off-the-press Renewable Fuels Association’s 2021 Ethanol Industry Outlook focuses on ethanol as an ‘essential energy’ to address the challenges of climate change, food and

February 22, 2021 Read Full Article

RFA Ethanol Industry Outlook Focuses on Essential Energy for Tomorrow’s Challenges

(Renewable Fuels Association) The Renewable Fuels Association released its 2021 Ethanol Industry Outlook and Pocket Guide today during the 26th annual National Ethanol Conference. The annual publications and conference all share a common theme: Essential

February 18, 2021 Read Full Article

RFA’s Cooper: Ethanol Provides Essential Energy for Meeting Global Challenges

(Renewable Fuels Association) Just as ethanol has played an essential role in addressing the COVID-19 pandemic, the low-carbon fuel will also serve as essential energy for combatting climate change, Renewable Fuels

February 17, 2021 Read Full Article

Dozens of Ethanol Plants Remain Idle in Early 2021

by Jerry Perkins (Successful Farming)  Weaker demand is the main factor now, the $5 corn market could delay the industry’s recovery.  — Higher corn prices are roiling the U.S. ethanol industry,

January 15, 2021 Read Full Article

Govt’s Ethanol Push Prompts Sugar Mills to Raise Production

(Economic Times) “The mills this year have decided to produce certain quantity of ethanol to be sold in the domestic market. It means that there will not be any glut of

December 4, 2020 Read Full Article

20th Datagro Conference on Sugar and Ethanol: COVID 19 Impacts and Renovabio Set the Agenda

by Isabela Rodrigues* (Advanced Biofuels USA) In October, The 20th Datagro Conference on Sugar and Ethanol 2020 took place over a virtual platform with more than 4000 attendees. This year, Brazilian

November 27, 2020 Read Full Article

Ethanol Recovery Threatened by Rising Restrictions

(NAFB/Nebraska Rural Radio Association/KTIC Radio) … In recent weeks, Reuters says output has chipped away at its deficit versus prior years. However, the resurgence of COVID and increasing restrictions, especially

November 24, 2020 Read Full Article

Listen: COVID-19: Fueling the Grains Market

by Robert Beaman, Alexandre Bobylov and Karim Elafany (S&P Global Platts) The coronavirus pandemic has had opposing effects on the grains and ethanol markets, despite the strong interlinkages between them. While

November 19, 2020 Read Full Article

Bharat Petroleum Confident of Meeting 10pc Ethanol Blending Target by 2022

(PTI/Outlook India)  Bharat Petroleum, which is the national coordinator for ethanol blending by state-owned refiners, is confident of meeting the new government target of blending 10 per cent biofuel with

November 18, 2020 Read Full Article

Policymakers Urged to Support Biofuels to Meet Transport’s Green Goals

by Sarantis Michalopoulos (EURACTIV.com) Governments around the world need to urgently address this year’s 11.6% drop in biofuel output, caused by the pandemic, in order to meet transport’s decarbonisation goals, the

November 17, 2020 Read Full Article

Call for Action as Pandemic ‘Sets Back’ Biofuel Industry Growth

(Biofuels International) The Biofuture Platform is leading calls for urgent collaboration from policymakers following a 12% drop in biofuel output this year announced in the International Energy Agency.  The multi-stakeholder

November 17, 2020 Read Full Article

IEA Cuts Global Biofuels Forecast as Pandemic Hits Transport Fuel Demand

by Robert Perkins (S&P Global Platts) Pandemic to shrink biofuel output for first time in two decades; Global transport biofuels to reach 3.21 million b/d in 2025; Biofuels seen recovering from pandemic by

November 13, 2020 Read Full Article

Ethanol Industry Continues Recovery: Rising Ethanol, DDGs Prices Fuel Industry’s Recovery from COVID Shutdown

by Todd Neeley (DTN Progressive Farmer) Falling demand for gasoline earlier this year from the COVID-19 economic shutdown sent ethanol producers into a tailspin. Plants closed down and cut production, as

November 12, 2020 Read Full Article

China’s Ethanol Blending Plans Face further Hurdles

by Lauren Moffitt (Argus Media) Faltering 10pc ethanol blending (E10) because of tight and high-priced corn feedstock is fuelling doubts about China’s transport decarbonisation strategy. State-controlled Sinopec’s Jiangsu subsidiary will halt

November 2, 2020 Read Full Article

Expanded E15 Sales Have Helped, but Ethanol Backers Say Roadblocks Still Remain

by Chris Dunker (Lincoln Journal Star)  In lifting a restriction on the sale of E15 during summer months, corn growers and ethanol producers praised President Donald Trump for removing a

November 2, 2020 Read Full Article

Sweden Targets World’s Highest Biofuel Blending

Tomas Ekbom and Cecilia Higa (Swedish Bioenergy Association/IEA Bioenergy Task 39 Newsletter) …  In the beginning there was ethanol In 1907, there were only 662 vehicles registered in Sweden. The

October 26, 2020 Read Full Article

Biofuels Annual Report: Brazil

(U.S. Department of Agriculture Foreign Agriculture Service) Brazil’s commitment to ethanol and biodiesel despite this year’s market uncertainties is one focus of the “Brazil: Biofuels Annual” report released earlier this month

September 10, 2020 Read Full Article

Proactively Leveraging Ethanol’s Low-Carbon Value

by Brian Jennings (American Coalition for Ethanol/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Merely playing defense on the RFS does not constitute a plan to expand ethanol demand. We need to go on offense

September 7, 2020 Read Full Article

Narrower Access Into Brazil

by Matt Thompson (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  On top of the slowdown, the world’s No. 2 ethanol nation is holding strong on policies that check robust U.S. imports. In addition to

August 28, 2020 Read Full Article

Can Iowa Farmers Survive without Ethanol? Can Trump Survive without Iowa Farmers?

by Donnelle Eller (Des Moines Register/Ames Tribune)  … “I’ve sat in front of the president, and he does look you in the eye, and he does listen to you,” (Bill) Couser

August 28, 2020 Read Full Article

Centre Sets Target of 362 Crore Litres of Ethanol for Sugar Mills in 2020-21

by Nanda Kasabe (MSN/Financial Express) The ministry of consumer affairs, food & public distribution has directed all sugar-producing states to ensure that 85% of the installed ethanol production capacity is used

August 18, 2020 Read Full Article

Kub’s Den Ethanol Data and the Great American Road Trip

by Elaine Kub (DTN Progressive Farmer) … During the eight weeks through March and April, while everyone in the economy was grappling with how best to limit human contact to slow

July 2, 2020 Read Full Article

Greenhouse-Gas Reduction Performance of EU Ethanol Reaches New High

(ePURE) Renewable ethanol from ePURE members reduced GHG emissions by more than 72% compared to fossil fuels in 2019, according to the latest audited producer data — Production and use of

June 26, 2020 Read Full Article

Goias State in Brazil Approves “When Filling Your Tank, Choose Ethanol” Policy

by André Luiz Cançado Motta* (Federal University of Goiás for Advanced Biofuels USA) The President of the Legislative Assembly of the State of Goiás, Deputy Lissauer Vieira (PSB, the Brazilian Socialist Party), approved,

June 25, 2020 Read Full Article

Biofuel and Oil Seek Federal Help to Deal with Sharp Decline In Production and Prices

(RFD TV)  … Both the oil and ethanol sectors are asking the federal government to step in as each one sees a sharp decline in prices and production. Oil groups

June 18, 2020 Read Full Article

Gasoline, Ethanol Prices Equal Again, Signaling Return To Work Is Imminent

by Sal Gilbertie (Forbes)  The relationship between gasoline and ethanol returns towards normal as huge unemployment decline foretells of a back to work, commuter driven increase in gasoline demand Gasoline

June 9, 2020 Read Full Article

Ethanol Industry Continues to Seek COVID-19 Assistance

(Red River Farm Network)  Renewable Fuels Association CEO Geoff Cooper says the U.S. ethanol industry is still a long way from normal operations. “We are beginning to climb out of

June 9, 2020 Read Full Article

Missouri Biofuel Entities Now Eligible for $200,000 Grant

(Missouri Department of Agriculture) Today (June 4, 2020), the Missouri Agricultural and Small Business Development Authority (MASBDA) announced the creation of the Biofuel Infrastructure Program (BIP) to increase the availability of higher

June 5, 2020 Read Full Article

A Year’s Worth of Growth in E15

by Cindy Zimmerman (Energy.AgWired.com) A year ago, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, at the direction of President Donald Trump, issued a final rule allowing retailers to sell 15% ethanol (E15) gas

June 4, 2020 Read Full Article

Leader Says Ethanol Hurt by Covid-19, but the Industry Will Survive

by Larry Lee (Browfield Ag News)  The Renewable Fuel Association’s President says ethanol production is slowly recovering from the effects of coronavirus.  Geoff Cooper says, “It’s going to take more than

June 2, 2020 Read Full Article

Implementation Agendas: 2018-2019 Update Compare and Contrast Transport Biofuels Policies

by Mahmood Ebadian, James D. McMillan, Jack (John) N. Saddler and Susan van Dyk (University of British Columbia, Canada/National Renewable Energy Laboratory, USA/IEA Bioenergy) Global production and use of transport biofuels

May 29, 2020 Read Full Article

Ethanol for Boating, Fishing, Off Road, Biking and Traveling

(Energy.AgWired.com/Ethanol Report) As America gets moving again, ethanol is ready to fuel summer adventures. Ethanol production is slowly climbing back up after hitting historic lows due to coronavirus restrictions keeping people

May 29, 2020 Read Full Article

The Ethanol Sector Needs Major E15 Growth To Thrive

by Tristan R. Brown (Seeking Alpha) Summary:  -The share prices of U.S. ethanol producers have mostly retraced the major declines that they experienced in March and April as the COVID-19 pandemic

May 26, 2020 Read Full Article

What’s Next for Biofuels? 8 Scenarios for a Post COVID-19 World

by Steve Hartig (ReCon Associates/Biofuels Digest)  … Looking ahead, the main drive for ethanol demand will be light vehicle miles driven however the EIA estimates annual improvements in fuel economy of

May 20, 2020 Read Full Article

CORRECTED-European Ethanol Makers Fear Influx from U.S. and Brazil

by Sybille de La Hamaide (Reuters)  … Ethanol consumption slumped globally due to COVID-19 crisis;  EU makers fear cheap imports when demand resumes;  Called the European Commission for action, possibly tariffs;

May 8, 2020 Read Full Article

Big Oil Overreaches on COVID-19 Bailout

by Jim Talent (The Gazette) … Oil companies have requested special access to a $600 billion lending facility at the Federal Reserve, and the administration seems keen to deliver. The

May 7, 2020 Read Full Article

Valero: Q1 Loss for Ethanol Segment, Profit for Renewable Diesel

by Erin Voegele (Biomass Magazine)  Valero Energy Corp. released first quarter 2020 financial results on April 29. While the company’s operations are being impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, members of

May 6, 2020 Read Full Article

Brazil Agriculture Minister ‘Frustrated’ with Lack of Ethanol Supports

by Jake Spring and Nayara Figueiredo (Reuters) Brazil’s Agriculture Minister Tereza Cristina Dias said on Thursday she was “frustrated” that measures to help the country’s ethanol and sugarcane sector have not

May 1, 2020 Read Full Article

Ethanol Demand: A Long, Hard Road to Recovery

by Rhiannon Branch (Brownfield Ag News)  A University of Illinois ag economist says he does not expect a bounce back from ethanol demand destruction anytime soon. “I think it’s going to be

April 30, 2020 Read Full Article

COVID-19 Crisis Affects Ethanol Industry

by Kelby Wingert (The Messenger) … With fewer cars on the roads, fewer people commuting to work and fewer families traveling for vacations, gasoline prices across the nation began to drop.

April 24, 2020 Read Full Article

German Ethanol Production and Consumption Fall but E10 Gains Market Share

by Meghan Sapp (Biofuels Digest)  In Germany, Biofuels International reports that German Bioethanol Industry Association (BDBe) data shows that over the past 12 months, ethanol production fell by nearly 13% to

April 23, 2020 Read Full Article

EPA Weighs Lifting Ethanol Requirements for Oil Refiners

by Rebecca Beitsch (The Hill) The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is weighing whether to let oil refineries skip on adding ethanol

April 19, 2020 Read Full Article

USDA Prepares Aid Package: Perdue Says Aid Coming ‘Very Soon’ as Groups Highlight Struggles for Industries Such as Ethanol

by Chris Clayton (DTN Progressive Farmer)  … Regarding ethanol, (Agriculture Secretary Sonny) Perdue talked about helping the export market, but

April 17, 2020 Read Full Article

Farmers Estimated to Lose Billions in 2020

by Nathan Anderson (Columbia Daily Tribune) Already hurting from the upheaval caused by a long-lasting trade war, U.S. farmers are now expected

April 15, 2020 Read Full Article

Biofuel Promotion Put off as Ethanol Needed for Sterilisation Products

(The Nation Thailand) he Energy Ministry has postponed plans to promote the use of biofuels until the Covid-19 outbreak is eased. The

April 15, 2020 Read Full Article

RFA Thanks House Biofuels Caucus for Leadership and Standing up for Renewable Fuels Industry

(Renewable Fuels Association) The Renewable Fuels Association thanked the bipartisan House Biofuels Caucus today for urging Secretary of Agriculture Sonny Perdue

April 13, 2020 Read Full Article

New Market Dynamics Force New Focus on Distillers Grains: Ethanol Plants Are Adjusting to the New Normal in the Economy by Focusing on Livestock Feed.

by Robert Fears (Beef Magazine) Until recently, the primary objective of the bioethanol industry was ethanol production. That was before a little

April 10, 2020 Read Full Article

Farm Bureau Details COVID-19 Impact on Ethanol

by Cindy Zimmerman (Energy.AgWired.com)  Agricultural commodity prices are taking big hits from the COVID-19 emergency, and one of the most

April 9, 2020 Read Full Article

Grassley Urging USDA to Aid Ethanol Industry through CCC

(The Hagstrom Report/The Fence Post)  Senate Finance Committee Chairman Chuck Grassley, R-Iowa, said today that he will send a letter

April 8, 2020 Read Full Article

Brazil’s Ethanol Distributors, Producers in Crisis Management Mode

by Phillip Herring (S&P Global Platts)  Ethanol distributors and producers in Brazil have been adapting to the plunge in domestic

April 6, 2020 Read Full Article

Lower Ethanol Demand Could Impact Planting Decisions

by Cindy Zimmerman (Energy.AgWired.com) USDA’s 2020 Prospective Plantings report released Tuesday estimates planted acres for corn this year at 97.0 million acres, up

April 1, 2020 Read Full Article

UPDATE 1-U.S. Ethanol Plants Cutting Output Due to Crashing Demand -Trade Group

by Stephanie Kelly (Reuters) U.S. ethanol producers are on track to shut about 2 billion gallons of annualized output by the

March 26, 2020 Read Full Article

PODCAST: Europe Industrial Ethanol Demand, Prices Spike as Coronavirus Disrupts Market

by Will Beacham (Independent Commodity Intelligence Services) Spot prices for Europe industrial ethanol are spiking and the market is facing disruption

March 20, 2020 Read Full Article

Ethanol Prices Hit All-Time Low, Unconfirmed Reports of Plant Shutdowns

by Jerry Perkins (Successful Farming)  … The downturn in demand for ethanol, which is blended at a 10% rate in

March 18, 2020 Read Full Article

Oil’s Plunge Is an Existential Threat to a Far Cleaner Biofuel

by Fabiana Batista and Tatiana Freitas (Bloomberg/Yahoo! Finance)  … The spectacular plunge in the crude market is sparking unprecedented reverberations

March 17, 2020 Read Full Article

COVID-19 Lowers Corn Demand, Ethanol Price

by Lisa Gibson (Ethanol Producer Magazine) A report from University of Illinois Extension shows weak demand for corn for ethanol use,

March 17, 2020 Read Full Article

Despite Tough Times, Study Finds Ethanol and Biodiesel Production Continues to Power Iowa’s Economy

(Iowa Renewable Fuels Association)  Economic benefits hampered by RFS exemptions  — Today (March 11, 2020) a new study finds despite challenges,

March 13, 2020 Read Full Article

EIA Projects U.S. Biofuel Production to Slowly Increase through 2050

(U.S. Energy Information Administration) The U.S. Energy Information Administration’s (EIA) Annual Energy Outlook 2020 (AEO2020) projects that U.S. biofuel production will slowly grow

March 10, 2020 Read Full Article

Enyzmes and Microbes Innovation: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to Novozymes’ Biology Business

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) 20 product launches in one year is impressive and Novozymes is a world leader in

February 5, 2020 Read Full Article

The Critical Importance of Higher Ethanol Blends to Ethanol Producers

by Tristan R. Brown (Seeking Alpha) A new dataset illustrates for investors why the U.S. ethanol sector is staking its future

February 4, 2020 Read Full Article

Peru’s Ethanol Consumption, Production Expected to Increase

by Matt Thompson (Ethanol Producer Magazine) According to a USDA Foreign Agricultural Service report, filed with the Global Agricultural Information Network,

January 23, 2020 Read Full Article

Crude Oil: Has the United States Really Achieved Independence?

by Scott Richman (Renewable Fuels Association) The recent conflict with Iran and its proxies in Iraq has served as a reminder

January 13, 2020 Read Full Article

Innovations in Biodiesel Technology

by Ron Kotrba (Biodiesel Magazine)  New biodiesel process technologies continue to emerge, promising optimization of production through greater efficiencies and

January 8, 2020 Read Full Article

Biofuels Production and Consumption in Denmark: Status, Advances and Challenges

by Sune Tjalfe Thomsen and Henning Jørgensen (IEA Bioenergy Task 39 Newsletter)  1. Status of transportation biofuel industry in Denmark

December 6, 2019 Read Full Article

Report: Thailand Could Benefit from Ethanol Imports

by Matt Thompson (Ethanol Producer Magazine) A recently released report from the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Foreign Agricultural Service says that

December 3, 2019 Read Full Article

IEA Raises Global Biofuels Forecast as China Expands Ethanol Support

by Robert Perkins (S&P Global Platts)  Expanding Chinese ethanol mandates set to boost output; 2023 biofuel forecast raised by 19.5 billion liters; Renewables

October 22, 2019 Read Full Article

Trump’s Billion-Dollar Gambit: An Ethanol Deal to Meet the Demands of Farmers and Big Oil

by Tim Mullaney (CNBC)  President Trump is planning an ethanol deal to please U.S. farmers angry that many oil refiners

September 23, 2019 Read Full Article

India’s Rising Prowess in Bioeconomy: The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to Praj’s Perpective from India

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Product, processes and partnerships are what it’s all about in India right now with the country’s

September 4, 2019 Read Full Article

Wound up over Waivers

by Alex Guillén (Politico’s Morning Energy) EPA’s internal watchdog is being asked to determine how the agency decided to grant

August 21, 2019 Read Full Article

Report: India to Use, Produce a Record Volume of Ethanol in 2019

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) A report recently filed with the USDA Foreign Agricultural Service’s Global Agricultural Information Network shows

August 15, 2019 Read Full Article

How to Fix the Ethanol Industry

by Robert Rapier (Forbes)  …In this model, the entities that control the model are the same as those that benefit

August 15, 2019 Read Full Article

Chinese Demand Heats up Brazil’s Ethanol Industry

by Sarita Reed and Vinicius Fontana (China Dialogue) Adding ethanol to Chinese petrol will decrease emissions but could worsen Brazil’s

August 14, 2019 Read Full Article

Report: EU Ethanol Consumption to Increase in 2019

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) A recent report filed with the USDA Foreign Agricultural Service’s Global Agricultural Information Network discusses

August 6, 2019 Read Full Article

Biofuels Production and Consumption in Brazil: Status, Advances and Challenges

Glaucia Mendes Souza, Rubens Maciel Filho, Luís Cassinelli, Carlos Henrique de Brito Cruz and Renato D. Godinho  (IEA Bioenergy Task 39)  … Brazil

June 3, 2019 Read Full Article

Husker Ag to Produce 1 Billionth Gallon of Ethanol in May

(Husker Ag/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Husker Ag started production in 2003 as a Fagen ICM 20-million-gallon plant located in Plainview, Nebraska. In 2007

May 24, 2019 Read Full Article

Maharashtra Sugar Millers Seek Long-Term Pacts with OMCs for Ethanol

by Nanda Kasabe (Financial Express)  Sugar millers in Maharashtra have sought the intervention of the Niti Aayog to ensure long term purchase

May 15, 2019 Read Full Article

Oregon Rack Gasoline Jumps Nearly 34 Cents in Two Weeks on Ethanol Troubles

by Kenneth Raphael, Jeffrey Bair and Wes Swift (S&P Global Platts)  Portland, Oregon, rack gasoline has jumped more than 33 cents

March 28, 2019 Read Full Article

Floods Threaten to Cause Ethanol Disruptions and Higher Pump Prices

by Mario Parker and Michael Hirtzer  (Bloomberg)  Midwest rail lines have washed out, delaying biofuel shipments; Gasoline futures rise to

March 26, 2019 Read Full Article

EPA Waivers Reduce Incentive to Produce Biofuels

(KCRG)  Between 2017 and 2018, U.S. ethanol consumption dropped for the first time in a decade and the Renewable Fuels Association

March 20, 2019 Read Full Article

U.S. Ethanol Market Sees First Sales Decline in Decades: Lower U.S. Demand, Plunge in Exports Made for Rough 2018.

by Jim Spencer and Mike Hughlett (Star Tribune)  … As production increased and sales to foreign countries rose to record levels,

March 18, 2019 Read Full Article

Dreyfus Expects Faster Switching between Sugar, Ethanol in Brazil

Maha El Dahan and Dahlia Nehme (Reuters)   Commodities trading firm Louis Dreyfus expects faster switching between sugar and ethanol production

February 11, 2019 Read Full Article

RFA Releases 2019 Ethanol Industry Outlook, Pocket Guide

(Renewable Fuels Association) Today at the 24th annual National Ethanol Conference, the Renewable Fuels Association (RFA) released its 2019 Ethanol Industry Outlook and Pocket Guide,

February 11, 2019 Read Full Article

Brazilian Ethanol Looks for Balance between Oil, Sugar Markets

by  Nicolle Monteiro and Castro Beatriz Pupo (S&P Global) Brazilian ethanol prices, production and consumption patterns are more than ever driven

February 6, 2019 Read Full Article

Empirical Evidence Suggests Negligible Indirect Land Use Effect of Corn Ethanol in the U.S.

(Agriculture & Applied Ecoomics Association/CISION/PR Web) AAEA Members release research that finds corn ethanol production and crop price changes had negligible

January 29, 2019 Read Full Article

Midwest AgEnergy Surpasses 1 Billion Gallons Produced

(AgWeek) Midwest AgEnergy, the parent company to ethanol biorefineries, Blue Flint, near Underwood, N.D., and Dakota Spirit, near Spiritwood, N.D.,

December 20, 2018 Read Full Article

U.S. Ethanol Producers Seek Pricing Reform as Markets Plunge, ADM Sells

by Jarrett Renshaw and Michael Hirtzer (Reuters)  U.S. ethanol producers stung by collapsing prices are seeking changes to the way benchmark values

December 18, 2018 Read Full Article

It’s a Bitter End for Sugar as Investors Line Up for 2019 Losses

(Bloomberg) … Millers could make more sugar as oil drop damps ethanol view … The one thing that kept the rout

December 17, 2018 Read Full Article

Biofuels Lead Efforts to Protect the Climate

by Craig Willis (EurActiv/Growth Energy)  With every passing year, the pathway to a stable climate gets narrower and more difficult to

December 13, 2018 Read Full Article

India Set to Double Ethanol Blending into Gasoline to 8% in 2018-19: ISMA

by Ratnajyoti Dutta (S&P Global Platts)  India is set to double its blending in the 2018-19 (October-September) season and achieve an 8%

December 11, 2018 Read Full Article

Higher Ethanol Blend Can Keep Fuel Prices Low – Imee Marcos

by Christia Marie Ramos (Inquirer.net)  Increasing the ethanol blend in gasoline products can keep fuel prices in the country low, Ilocos Norte

December 11, 2018 Read Full Article

China Set to Triple Its Ethanol Production Capacity: Government Researcher

by Hallie Gu and Dominique Patton (Reuters)  China is set to more than triple its ethanol production capacity by 2020, a

December 11, 2018 Read Full Article

Delays in Biofuel Framework Hinder Industry

by Paige Müller (Creamer’s Engineering News)  Despite the local sugar industry championing a bioethanol fuel subsidy as a potential method

December 7, 2018 Read Full Article

Harvestone Welcomes First Four Ethanol Plants onto its Marketing Platform

(Harvestone Group/MarketWatch/PR Newswire)  Harvestone Group LLC is pleased to announce the commencement of its first four ethanol production facilities making the

December 6, 2018 Read Full Article

Demand Destruction from Small Refinery Exemptions is Clear and Continuing

(Renewable Fuels Association)  There has been a media blitz lately by the oil industry saying that ethanol demand has been unaffected

December 6, 2018 Read Full Article

Government to Raise Target for Ethanol Blending of Petrol

(Economic Times)  The government intends to further increase the target level for the Ethanol Blended Petrol (EBP) programme that aims to

December 5, 2018 Read Full Article

Betting on Ethanol, Brazilian Mills Turn Sour on Sugar

by Ana Ionova and Marcelo Teixeira (Reuters) Brazilian sugar companies are increasing their capacity to produce ethanol in the face of depressed

December 3, 2018 Read Full Article

U.S. Ethanol Producers Feeling the Pinch from Trump Trade War

by Jarrett Renshaw, Michael Hirtzer  (Reuters)  U.S. ethanol producers drew a bleak picture of their industry in quarterly filings and analyst calls this

November 12, 2018 Read Full Article

Ethiopia: Private Sector Promise for Biofuel

by Behailu Ayele (AllAfrica/Addis Fortune)  … A new bill is in the works to allow the involvement of the private sector

November 1, 2018 Read Full Article

Analyst: Ethanol Industry Has Room to Grow: Exports on Pace to Shatter Last Year’s Record.

by Daniel Grant (FarmWeekNow) The rate of growth for the U.S. ethanol industry may have slowed in recent years, but it’s far

October 26, 2018 Read Full Article

Biofuels Production and Consumption in Canada: Status, Advances and Challenges

by Mahmood Ebadian and Jack Saddler (IEA Bioenergy Task 39 Newsletter) … Currently, over 96% of the transportation sector in Canada is

October 12, 2018 Read Full Article

Development, Deployment of Integrated Biorefineries: The Digest’s Multi-Slide Guide to Biorefining in Italy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  IEA Bioenergy Task 42’s goal is to contribute to the development and deployment of integrated biorefineries as

October 6, 2018 Read Full Article

EU’s Biofuel Transport Consumption on the Increase

(Biofuels International)  Biofuel consumption for transport in the European Union increased by 9.2% between 2016 and 2017, according to new data

October 5, 2018 Read Full Article

Green Plains Mothballs 20% of Production Capacity Due to Trump’s Trade War

by Meghan Sapp (Biofuels Digest)  In Minnesota, Reuters reports that Green Plains is mothballing its ethanol production plants in Superior, Iowa and

September 18, 2018 Read Full Article

Why Donald Trump Is Feeling the Heat From Midwestern Farmers

by Justin Worland (Time Magazine) On the campaign trail, Donald Trump made two big promises: renegotiating free trade agreements and helping

September 14, 2018 Read Full Article

New Analysis Shows RFS Waiver Price

by Kelly Tamborrino (Politico’s Morning Energy)  EPA’s small refinery waivers under the Renewable Fuel Standard could cost the ethanol industry

September 7, 2018 Read Full Article

Special Issue: Using an Ecosystem Services Perspective to Assess Biofuel Sustainability

(SEI.org)  This special issue of the journal Biomass and Bioenergy attempts to fill research gaps on the sustainability implications of liquid

September 5, 2018 Read Full Article

Red Trail President Speaks up for Ethanol Production

by Mikkel Pates (Forum News Service/Bismark Tribune)  Now more than ever, farmers who believe in the future of ethanol need

September 3, 2018 Read Full Article

Six States Account for More than 70% of U.S. Fuel Ethanol Production

(U.S. Energy Information Administration)  Six states accounted for 72% of U.S. fuel ethanol production in 2016, according to the most recent

September 1, 2018 Read Full Article

Brazil Mills Put Premium on Ethanol Output, Idle Some Sugar Units

Marcelo Teixeira  (Reuters)  Brazilian cane mills will continue to prioritize ethanol production over sugar output well into the next crop season

August 6, 2018 Read Full Article

House Subcommittee Holds Hearing on RINs

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  On July 25, the U.S. House Committee on Energy and Commerce’s Subcommittee on Environment held

August 1, 2018 0 comment Read Full Article

Teachers Learn about Renewable Energy Production

(Minnesota Bio-Fuels Association)  Teachers from a Minnesota Department of Agriculture program that toured Guardian Energy today are looking at incorporating renewable

July 31, 2018 Read Full Article

Annual Canadian Biofuels Report Highlights Provincial Data

by Tim Albrecht (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Advanced Biofuels Canada announced the release of the Biofuels in Canada 2018 report, which updates

July 24, 2018 Read Full Article

Brazil Ethanol Output Could Double by 2030 -Gov’t Study

by Rodrigo Viga Gaier (Reuters)  Brazil’s ethanol production could double by 2030, boosted by growing investments in the sector due to

July 12, 2018 Read Full Article

On Energy Independence Day, India, China Surge as Leaders in Clean Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) … Because if you want it, here it is, come and get it, biofuels that

July 11, 2018 0 comment Read Full Article

Brazilian Presidential Hopefuls Favor Free Market for Sugar, Ethanol

by Nicolle Castro (Platts)  Brazilian presidential pre-candidates spoke in favor of free fuel markets Monday at a sugarcane industry association UNICA forum

June 19, 2018 Read Full Article

Commentary: A Success Story Worth Repeating

by Gary Truitt (Hoosier Ag Today)  … The ethanol industry could provide a home-grown, energy source that lessened our dependence on

June 4, 2018 Read Full Article

BK Birla Group to Set up Distillery for Rs80 Crore to Revive Its Sugar Business

by  Soumonty Kanungo  (Live Mint)  Jay Shree Tea MD D.P. Maheshwari says the BK Birla Group is looking to process molasses,

May 30, 2018 Read Full Article

Farm Bill Delays, Ethanol Waivers Worry SD Sen. Rounds

by Barry Amundson (Grand Forks Herald)  U.S. Sen. Mike Rounds, R-S.D, is concerned about two major issues that can affect farmers and

April 23, 2018 Read Full Article

Ethanol Industry Expected to Meet Growing E15 Demand

by Terry Anderson (Midwest Messenger News) … One day after President Trump told a group of governors and lawmakers invited to

April 20, 2018 Read Full Article

China’s Independent Oil Refiners Gear up for Ethanol Push in Cars

by Meng Meng, Josephine Mason (Reuters) China’s top independent oil refiner is buying ethanol and two others are seeking government approval to

March 20, 2018 Read Full Article

Cellulosic Ethanol Falling Far Short Of The Hype

by Robert Rapier (Forbes) … This year begins the ninth year of cellulosic ethanol mandates in the U.S. Today I want

February 27, 2018 Read Full Article

Mahle’s MBE2 Could Increase Ethanol Production without Planting New Sugarcane

(Autocar Pro News Desk)  A new product launched by Mahle has the potential to revolutionise the ethanol industry at a global

February 27, 2018 Read Full Article

A Sit Down with Conrad Rautenbach from Green Fuel

(The Herald)  Fuel prices shot up recently before Government intervened by reducing import duty on fuel to stem the price madness

February 19, 2018 Read Full Article

Ambitious Policies Position Canadian Biofuels for Growth

by Jim Grey (Ethanol Producer Magazine/Renewable Fuels Canada)  The story of the Canadian biofuels sector is remarkable. From its infancy, the

February 19, 2018 Read Full Article

Analysis Finds U.S. Ethanol Industry Making ‘Significant Contribution to the Economy’

(Renewable Fuels Association)  The U.S. ethanol industry added nearly $44.4 billion to the nation’s gross domestic product and supported 358,779 jobs

February 15, 2018 Read Full Article

Corn Overtakes Sugar Cane as Ethanol Feedstock in Brazil

by Mike Verdin (Agrimoney)  Brazil’s low season for cane crushing is proving particularly downbeat, with processing volumes reaching their lowest in

January 26, 2018 Read Full Article

Sweet Sorghum as an Ethanol Feedstock in Western Nebraska – Could It Happen?

by Richard Perrin, Lilyan Fulginiti, Subir Bairagi, Ismail Dweikat (KRVN)  It has been proposed that non-irrigated sweet sorghum might be grown

January 20, 2018 Read Full Article

USDA: Ethanol Plants Are Operating near Full Capacity but Constraints Limit Growth

(AgriMarketing)  The number of U.S. ethanol plants more than quadrupled since 1999, as demand for ethanol has increased. This growth in the

January 12, 2018 Read Full Article

Inside Insight

by Lisa Gibson (Ethanol Producer Magazine) To kick off the new year, we rounded up a few experts to discuss five

December 27, 2017 Read Full Article

Letter from Washington: The Grand Alliance Flashes V for Victory in Renewable Fuels Fight

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  It’s been a very busy week in Washington DC, the high point being a letter to

October 25, 2017 Read Full Article

AEBIOM 2017 Statistical Report Is Out!

(AEBIOM)  Rewarded by the European Association Awards as the “Best Provision of Industry Information and Intelligence”, AEBIOM Statistical Report has been

October 18, 2017 Read Full Article
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mileage military military policy military reserves military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels millennium fruit millet millettia pinnata milo stover mineralization minerals mining Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold molybdenum MON (Motor Octane Number) Monaco Mongolia mongongo Montana Montenegro moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles motors MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES3 (MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator model) MOVES2014 Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed Myanmar n-butanol n-butene nahar Namibia nano nanocatalysts nanocellulose nanomaterials nano particles naphtha/bionaphtha/renewable naphtha NASCAR National Academies of Science National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) National 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nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrogen starvation nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota Northeast northern catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory North Korea Northwest Territories Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds nuclear Nunavut nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition nut shells oak oat hulls oats oat straw Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) Offices of Inspector Generals offtake agreements Ohio oil oil/gas terminals oil embargo oil exploration oil monopoly oil p oil price parity oil prices oil production oil refineries oil replacement Oils oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil speculators oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes Oklahoma olefins oligomerization olive cake olive oil olive pits olives olive water Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) open fuel standard open pond opportunity zones optimized flex fuel vehicles orange peel orchard grass orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) osage orange OSHA Overseas Private Investment Corporation overview overview/survey course oxygen oxygenate ozone Pakistan Palau palm palm biomass palm fatty acid distillate palm fiber palm fronds palm kernel palm kernel oil palm kernel shell palm oil palm oil mill effluent (POME) palm oil prices palm waste Paludiculture/peatland cultivation Panama pandas panic grass papaya paper Papua Indonesia Papua New Guinea paraffins Paraguay Paris Agreement parity partial waiver particulates pasture land Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) patents pathways Paulownia paulownia tree payments peaches peak oil peak oil demand peanuts/groundnuts peas pectin peela kaner pellets Pennsylvania pennycress/stinkweed pentane pentanol pentose pequi perennial grains perennial grasses Performance permitting Peru pest-tolerance pesticide-tolerance pests petition petroleum pharmaceuticals phase separation Philippines phosphorus photobioreactor photoelectrocatalysis photoelectrochemical photolysis photosynthesis phragmites pigeon pea pilot scale pine pineapple pine beetle pine needles pine nut pinion pipelines Pistacia chinensis PLA plant cell research plant cell walls plant oil plastic plastic-to-jet Plug-in Flex Fuel Hybrid Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) plume grass podcasts Poland poli Policy politics pollinators pollution pollution control polyethylene polyfuel polymer polymerization polysaccharides pomace pomegranates pongamia pongamia pinnata poplar poppy population control Portable refinery Portugal poster sessions potamogeton potassium potato poultry litter/waste power-to-x/gas/liquid prairie grasses pre-processing precision farming/agriculture precursors/biointermediates premium gasoline Pretreatment pretreatment equipment price price of water prickly pear Prince Edward Island process flow diagram producer tax credit Production tax credit productivity project insurance propagating Propane/Biopropane/Renewable Propane propanol property insurance propylene protectionism protein protests proton exchange membrane (PEM) public comments public health policy Puerto Rico pulp Pulp/Paper Mill pump retrofit kit pumps/fueling station pungam Punnai tree pyrolysis Q-RIN QAP Qatar quality assurance Quality Assurance Plans (QAPs) quality improvement quantum dots Quebec Queensland quote of the week r R5 R33 rabbits race radiata pine Rahal Letterman Lanigan Racing railroad rainforest rain tree RAND rare earth metal RD10 RD20 RD30 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Fuel Standard (RFS2) revisions/repeal Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS and RFS2) renewable gasoline blendstock renewable marine diesel Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) price Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) pumps Renewable Portfolio Standards Renewable Power Standard Renewable Synthesized Iso-Paraffinic Fuels (SIP) Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation (RTFO) renewable volume obligation (RVO) RenovaBio replacement molecules Repowering Assistance Program repurpose research and development research facility resiliency resource depletion resurrection grass retail retrofit return on investment R Factor RFI (Request for Information) RFS "reset" RHD100 Rhizosphere Observations Optimizing Terrestrial Sequestration (ROOTS) Rhode Island Ricardo rice rice bran oil rice hulls rice husks rice price rice straw/paddy straw RICO (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act) RIMPAC RINs (Renewable Identification Numbers) RINs markets RINs price risk management RJ-4 RJ-6 RME (rape methyl ester) RME180 RNA (Ribonucleic acid) roadmap rocket fuel Romania RON (Research Octane Number) rotation crops royalties RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber rumen ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Rural Renewable Energy Pilot Program Russia Russian olive rutabaga Rwanda ry rye Rye grass s saccharification Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower sago pond weed SAIC SAK Salicornia salt-tolerant saltbush saltcedar sal tree salt water Sanctions Santa Monica sardine oil Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Advisory Board (SAB) Science Policy scooters Scotland scum sea level rise seaports seashore mallow seawater Seaweed/Macroalgae seaweed cultivation Section 526 Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) seed-to-wheel seed husks Senegal Serbia sesame sewage Seychelles shale shale gas shale oil shark oil sheep shipping shipping containers shipworm Sierra Leone silica Silphie/cup plant/Indian cup silver silver maple simarouba Singapore sisal SK slash Slovakia Slovakia/Slovak Republic Slovenia sludge Small Business Administration small engines small refinery exemption (SRE) smog smokestack soap Social social benefit investing social cost social value social venture Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) soi soil soil amendments soil carbon soil health soil microbial biomass solar energy solar energy-to-chemical conversion solaris solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) Solomon Islands Solutions solvent liquefaction Somalia soot sorghum sorghum oil sorghum stover South Africa South America South Australia South Carolina South Dakota Southeast Asia Southern Africa South Korea South Pacific South Sudan Soviet Union SOx (Sulfur oxides) soybean prices soybeans soy meal Spain spartina specifications Spent Bleaching Earth Oil (SBEO) sprawl spruce Sri Lanka Stakeholders standards start-up State Department Statistics steam explosion steam methane reformation steam reformation steel stevia stillage storage tanks Straight (pure) Vegetable Oil (SVO or PVO) stranded assets Strategic Bioenergy Reserve STrategiv Petroleum Reserve straw students su sub-Saharan Africa sub-sim (substantially similar) subsid succinic acid sucrose Sudan sugar sugar-to-biodiesel sugar-to-farnesane sugar-to-jetfuel Sugar Beets/Energy Beets sugarcane sugarcane prices sugarcane straw Sugar kelp sugar palm sugar platform sugar prices sugars sugars-to-fats sugar standards sulfur Sumatra sunflower sunflower stalks supercritical fluid supercritical hydrolysis supply agreements supply chain Supreme Court surahart Suriname Sustainability Swaziland Sweden sweetgum sweet potatoes Sweet sorghum swine waste Switchgrass Switzerland sycamore syngas syngas/gas fermentation synthetic biology synthetic diesel synthetic gasoline synthetic kerosene synthetic liquified gas (SLG) synthetic methane/e-methane synthetic natural gas Syria Tailoring Rule Taiwan Tajikistan tall fescue tall oil tallow tallow tree tamanu/nyamplung Tamarix tank-to-wheel tank cars tankers tanker trucks Tanzania tariffs taro tar sands Tasmania tax benefit tax credit taxes tax incentives tax parity tax policy tea teach-the-teacher teacher teacher resources teacher training technical course Technical Readiness Levels techno-economic analysis technology transfer tech transfer telephone utility poles Tennessee termites terpenes terrestrial carbon testing Texas textbook Thailand theft therapeutics Thermal catalytic depolymerization (TCD) thermal deoxygenation thermocatalytic conversion thermochemical conversion thermochemical liquefaction Tibet Tier 3 Tier 4 tilapia tillage Timor-Leste tires tobacco tobacco tree Togo Tokyo toluene Tonga tool Toronto torrefaction totai Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) trade trade dispute/discrimination trade group trade organization Trade Policy trade secrets training trains transesterification transgenics transition 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