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Not Energy Independent, Yet

by Rick Uldricks and Hudson Councilman Casey Weinstein (Twinsburg Patch) In truth, when it comes to energy security, there is good news to be found, but not at the bottom of a well.  --  Fossil fuel boosters love to say that energy

November 15, 2016 Read Full Article

Canada's "Chemical Valley" Lobbying to Lure New Biofuel Plant

(AgriMarketing/Reuters)  Sarnia, Ontario, home to dozens of Canada's refineries and chemical plants, is lobbying hard to lure a biotech plant to the city as the local petrochemical-powered economy braces for the impact of a provincial carbon-pricing scheme. BioAmber Inc - which

November 15, 2016 Read Full Article

Norwegian Consumers Transitioning to Biodiesel Heating Oil

by Meghan Sapp (Biofuels Digest)  In Norway, consumers have begun transitioning to biodiesel for heating as fossil fuel-based heating oil will likely be banned by 2020. Some municipalities require the underground oil tanks to be removed while others just want

November 15, 2016 Read Full Article

New Survey: Vast Majority of Environmentalists Want RFS Corn Ethanol Mandates Reduced

(American Council for Capital Formation)  With Incoming Trump Administration, Reforms to Ethanol Mandates Could Provide Early, Bipartisan Win  --  As the Trump administration readies to take the reins, the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) could serve as one of the first

November 14, 2016 Read Full Article

Bioenergy with CCS Is a Credible Decarbonisation Technology

by Geraldine Newton-Cross and Dennis Gammer  (ETI) To tackle the causes of climate change, the UK has committed to an 80% reduction in its greenhouse gas (GHG ) emissions by 2050, compared to 1990 levels. Meeting these targets will require a massive transformation in the way

November 09, 2016 Read Full Article

US Elections: Who Wins, Who Loses - What Trump's Victory Means for the Bioeconomy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digests)  In Washington, Donald Trump captured the US Presidency in an upset victory that confounded pollsters and political pundits even as it delighted supporters of his maverick candidacy based on themes of immigration and trade reform

November 09, 2016 Read Full Article

What is Australia’s Biofuel Future?

(Ecogeneration)  With growing interest in Australia in the production of liquid biofuels, bio-refining experts Geoff Bell, CEO of Australian company Microbiogen, and Ed de Jong, vice-president of development at Dutch renewable chemicals company Avantium, consider the drivers of biofuels production

November 07, 2016 Read Full Article

If the U.S. Is Serious about the Paris Agreement, It Needs to Get Serious about Biofuels

(Renewable Fuels Association)  ... Leading up to the Paris Agreement, countries submitted individual plans — called Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDCs) — on how they planned to meet the greenhouse gas emissions reduction targets. At least 37 countries included biofuels in

November 07, 2016 Read Full Article

Oxfam Report Exposes EU Lobby Firepower of Biofuel Industry behind Destructive Bioenergy Policy

(Oxfam)  The European Union must overhaul its current bioenergy policy, which is based on getting fuel from plants, because the industry is linked to the eviction of thousands of people from their lands, out-competing food crops, and creating more not

November 07, 2016 Read Full Article

Pheasants Choose Farms over Grasslands, Surprising MN Researchers

by Dave Orrick (Twin Cities Pioneer Press)  Female pheasants have surprised researchers by running into corn and soybean fields — but not just for the crops. Female pheasants, Minnesota researchers have found, often abandon natural grasslands — presumably prime habitat —

November 07, 2016 Read Full Article

Ethanol’s Prime Spot in the E&C Chairman’s Race

by Mark Drajem & Ari Natter and James Rowley (Bloomberg)  ... Similar to Hillary Clinton’s dilemma on pipelines, a Trump administration could be caught between competing interests on approval for renewable projects or transmission lines on public lands. Trump has called

November 07, 2016 Read Full Article

New Project Aims to Create Equal Market Access for Bio-Based Products: Start of STAR4BBI - STAndards and Regulations FOR the Bio-Based Industry

(Bio-based News/nova-Institut GmbH)  Project STAR4BBI has been created as a means to develop a practical, effective, sustainable and harmonized regulatory network in order to support Europe’s innovative transition to a bio-based economy by removing legislative barriers to create equal market

November 07, 2016 Read Full Article

Experts on Carbon Capture and Use Launch “Include CCU in RED” Petition in EU

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Germany, a group of experts are petitioning European decision makers involved in the revision of the Renewable Package to include six crucial mechanisms in the legislation. The authors argue that Carbon Capture & Utilization (CCU)

November 06, 2016 Read Full Article

A Trump Presidency Could Mean 3.4 Billion Tons More U.S. Carbon Emissions than a Clinton One

(Lux Research)  The U.S. energy landscape is poised for a transformation under either president, but Trump’s policies would leave emissions 16% higher after two terms than Clinton’s, Lux Research says – U.S. Presidential candidates Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump have very

November 06, 2016 Read Full Article

With Canada and Mexico on Board, Carbon Pricing Could Become a Reality Across North America with Expanded U.S. Action

(Center for American Progress)  Carbon taxes and emissions trading systems, once considered political moonshots in the battle to combat carbon emissions, have found purchase in Canada, Mexico, and parts of the United States, raising the possibility that carbon pricing could

November 04, 2016 Read Full Article

ASB Biodiesel Eyes Opportunities in Pearl River Delta Region

by Jeff Pao (The Hindu)  ASB Biodiesel, the largest used oil refiner in Hong Kong, converts used cooking oil or waste oil from vegetable and animal fat into biodiesel that can be blended with regular diesel and used in conventional

November 04, 2016 Read Full Article

Spotlight: UN Seeks to Mobilize Sustainable Transport Systems, Enterprises See Opportunities

(New China)  ... A report submitted by a high-level advisory group to UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon on Sustainable Transport finds that the transformational change of sustainable transport needs annual investments of 2 trillion U.S. dollars, and related efforts will deliver savings

November 02, 2016 Read Full Article

Letter: Pink out with Ethanol

by Krista Willis Willmar (Hutchinson Leader)  ...  And some consumer choices do significantly impact our exposure to cancer-causing toxins.  Vehicle fuel is an excellent example. That’s why several major chains of gas stations across six states — including Minnoco in

October 24, 2016 Read Full Article

Tapping Landfills to Generate Power Seemed Smart. So Why Is the Industry Threatened?

by Ralph Vartabedian (Los Angeles Times)  ... The problem began after the AQMD issued a complex 39-page rule requiring that by no later than Jan. 1, landfill methane power plant emissions meet the same standard as other types of engines that use geologic natural gas. The

October 24, 2016 Read Full Article

Opinion: Why ICAO’s Emissions Deal Will Not Make A Difference

by Jens Flottau (Aviation Week)  When the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) announced in early October that its general assembly had reached agreement on the Carbon Offset and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (Corsia), the international aviation community was full

October 24, 2016 Read Full Article

Maersk, Cargill and 49 Others from Industry Call on International Maritime Organization to Set Ambitious Emissions Objective

(Hellenic Shipping News/Danish Shipowners’ Association)  The Danish Shipowners’ Association, Royal Belgian Shipowners’ Association, Maersk, Scandlines, J. Lauritzen, Unifeeder, and 45 other businesses and organisations across the shipping and marine industry are calling for the International Maritime Organization (IMO) to act

October 20, 2016 Read Full Article

Carbon Pricing in North America – Leading a New Era of Climate Policy

by Tamaki Stiles * (Advanced Biofuels USA)  Reducing greenhouse emissions is a shared goal in North America.  In fact, presidents of the United States and Mexico and the Prime Minister of Canada met in June this year to establish partnerships

October 19, 2016 Read Full Article

Airlines Race to Buy Renewable Fuels before Factories Are Even Built

by Ken Foxe (Lonely Planet)  Airlines are so keen to cut their carbon footprint, that all the renewable fuel to be produced at three soon-to-be finished factories, has already been purchased before they’ve even opened. The aviation industry has committed to

October 19, 2016 Read Full Article

It Could Be the Nation’s First Carbon Tax. And Environmentalists Are Fighting over It

by Chelsea Harvey (The Washington Post)  A new initiative slated for the ballot in Washington state next month would create the first-ever carbon tax to be implemented in the United States. But while the initiative promises to fight climate change by making it

October 19, 2016 Read Full Article

U.S. Signs On to Global Agreement Capping Aviation Emissions

(OurEnergyPolicy.org)  The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) finalized an agreement to cap the aviation industry’s CO2 emissions at 2020 levels. Due to the cross-border nature of aviation, this sector, which is responsible for 2 percent of all GHG emissions globally,

October 18, 2016 Read Full Article

For the Welfare of His People

(Bangkok Post)  Benefits to the nation bestowed by His Majesty's Sufficiency Economy Philosophy  --  ... Throughout his 70 years on the throne, King Bhumibol Adulyadej initiated more than 4,500 royal development projects, all of which were derived from his determination to

October 18, 2016 Read Full Article

Clinton Camp Worried Carbon Tax Would Be ‘Lethal’

by Timothy Cama (The Hill)  Hillary Clinton’s campaign manager feared that endorsing a carbon tax would be “lethal” to her campaign.  Hacked emails released Thursday by WikiLeaks belonging to John Podesta showed her top aides trying to to walk a

October 14, 2016 Read Full Article

European Farmers Stress Biodiesel Role in Agriculture and Transport Decarbonisation Post-2020

(Biofuels International)  The European Oilseed Alliance (EOA), the European Biodiesel Board (EBB), and the Vegetable Oil and Protein Meal Industry stress the importance of sustainable energy sources in the low-carbon economy post-2020. The organisation held on Wednesday a dinner debate in

October 14, 2016 Read Full Article

Airlines to Test Alternative Fuel

by Anum Yoon (Triple Pundit)  As the world turns its attention to addressing global warming, the airline industry, too, is researching ways to do its part and lower greenhouse gas emissions. One option is investing more into the development and integration of

October 14, 2016 Read Full Article

We’re Placing Far Too Much Hope in Pulling Carbon Dioxide out of the Air, Scientists Warn

by Chelsea Harvey (The Washington Post)  ... This is largely a market problem, according to Howard Herzog, a senior research engineer and carbon capture expert at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. “There’s no doubt you can do it,” he said. “We have coal

October 13, 2016 Read Full Article

Biogenic CO2 Coalition Launches Grassroots Outreach: Urges EPA to Remove its Regulatory Roadblock to Development of the Bioeconomy

(Biogenic CO2 Coalition)  Today (October 6, 2016), a coalition of major agricultural groups launched a grassroots campaign to urge the Environmental Protection Agency to remove its regulatory roadblock to development of the emerging bioeconomy. The Biogenic CO2 Coalition is a working

October 12, 2016 Read Full Article

An EU Biofuels Proposal Worth Getting Behind

by James Cogan (Biofuels Digest)  Europe’s bioethanol association ePure just released a renewables policy paper that’s something to get excited about. It’s a show of confidence and ambition on the part of Europe’s ethanol CEOs.  Their product delivers climate and bioeconomy

October 07, 2016 Read Full Article

FACT SHEET: 191 Countries Reach a Global Climate Deal for International Aviation

(The White House)  Today, in Montreal, Canada, 191 countries decided to adopt a global market-based measure to reduce carbon emissions from international aviation at the 39th Assembly meeting of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).  Today’s action builds on last

October 07, 2016 Read Full Article

NEW PBS Documentary: The Ethanol Effect

by Joanna Schroeder (Energy.AgWired.com)  Detroit Public Television (DPTV) is debuting a new ethanol documentary this Sunday, October 9, 2016 at 9:00 pm ET called, “The Ethanol Effect“. The film, produced by DPTV, takes a look at the controversy surrounding the

October 06, 2016 Read Full Article

Historic Aviation Climate Agreement Reached at ICAO

( International Air Transport Association ) The worldwide aviation industry has applauded a crucial climate agreement reached by governments meeting at the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) today. The negotiations, to put in place the world’s first carbon offsetting scheme

October 06, 2016 Read Full Article

The Road to High Octane Fuels

by Jeremy Martin (Union of Concerned Scientists)  ... 9 things you need to know about high octane fuel, and my perspective on a path forward. High octane fuel enables more powerful or more efficient engines ... But in the context of engines, octane is a

October 06, 2016 Read Full Article

AOG Transfers Ownership of Addax Bioenergy Sierra Leone

(AOG)  AOG has transferred 75.1% ownership of Addax Bioenergy (SL) Limited (‘Addax Bioenergy’), its sugarcane bioethanol and renewable electricity operation in Makeni, Sierra Leone, to a group of investors led by Sunbird Bioenergy Africa Limited (‘Sunbird Bioenergy group’). AOG is

October 05, 2016 Read Full Article

Ecofiscal Commission's Biofuel Report Is Deeply Flawed, a Step Backward for Climate Action

(Advanced Biofuels Canada/Newswire)  A controversial report was released today (October 4, 2016) by Canada's Ecofiscal commission that misses the mark on practical guidance for reducing climate change emissions in transportation. If the recommendations in Course Correction: Why it's time to

October 05, 2016 Read Full Article

What a Donald Trump EPA Will Look Like with Climate Change Skeptic Myron Ebell at the Helm

by Paul Raeburn (Newsweek)  ... (Myron) Ebell, the director of the Center for Energy and Environment at the Competitive Enterprise Institute and a prominent climate-change skeptic, was chosen at the end of September to head the Environmental Protection Agency’s transition team

October 04, 2016 Read Full Article

Christopher Ragan: Stop Subsidizing Biofuels

by Christoper Ragan (National Post)  Carbon pricing is becoming a mainstream part of Canadian policy. Four provinces have or will soon have carbon prices, one more has made a commitment to do so, and the federal government is now promising

October 04, 2016 Read Full Article

Clinton's Plan to Reduce US Oil Consumption Likely Won't Work

by Tom DiChristopher (CNBC)  ... Clinton says she would extend standards for vehicle fuel efficiency, methane emissions, building codes and appliance standards that President Barack Obama implemented or supported, according to a campaign spokesperson. Clinton supports Obama initiatives like the Clean

October 04, 2016 Read Full Article

Advanced Biofuels Canada Supports Federal Carbon Pricing

(Advanced Biofuels Canada/Yahoo! Finance)  The federal government announced today its intention to place a national price on carbon emissions of $10 per tonne in 2018, rising by $10 per tonne each year to $50 per tonne by 2022. The federal

October 03, 2016 Read Full Article

European Biodiesel Supply Chain Organizes Sustainability Debate at European Parliament

by Meghan Sapp (Biofuels Digest)  In Belgium, the European Biodiesel Board along with FEDIOL and the European Oilseed Alliance is organizing a dinner event in the European Parliament on October 12 discussing the future of sustainable biodiesel. Speakers include Prof.

September 30, 2016 Read Full Article

Can the Aviation Industry Finally Clean up Its Emissions?

by John Vidal (The Guardian)  With biofuel potential limited and emissions rising, the need for industry to act is urgent. Hopes rest on a global UN carbon offset scheme to be negotiated at the ICAO summit this week - but

September 30, 2016 Read Full Article

World Needs Transport Biofuels

by Bliss Baker (Ethanol Producer Magazine/Global Renewable Fuels Alliance)  ... The transport sector is one of the largest contributors of greenhouse gases (GHGs), estimated to be approximately 25 to 30 percent of global emissions, but has the lowest renewable energy share

September 29, 2016 Read Full Article

Pakistan-Based Trade Organisation Calls for Worldwide Ban on Biofuels Production

(Biofuels International)  The Islamabad Chamber of Small Traders (ICST) has called for a worldwide ban on biofuels production, claiming that it contributes to world food shortages. Using crops to produce fuel in a bid to reduce dependence on fossil fuel is

September 29, 2016 Read Full Article

Biofuels International 2016: Industry Experts Outline 2030 EU Biofuels Vision

by Liz Gyekye (Biofuels International)  Industry experts have outlined their 2030 biofuels vision at the 9th Biofuels International Conference.  By 2020, the EU aims to have 10% of the transport fuel of every EU country come from renewable sources such as

September 29, 2016 Read Full Article

Strategic Intent: The Digest’s 2016 Multi-Slide Guide to Unilever, UPM

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  This season, The Digest is hosting the Strategic Intent webinar series, looking at the plans, progress and future milestones of strategic stakeholders in the Advanced Bioeconomy. In this slide deck, we looked at Unilever and UPM and their direct investments, partnerships

September 29, 2016 Read Full Article

Henrik Erämetsä from Neste to Co-Chair EU Initiative for Advanced Biofuels in Aviation

(Neste)  Henrik Erämetsä, Head of Aviation Regulation at Neste has been appointed Co-Chair of the EU initiative 'the European Advanced Biofuels Flightpath' as a representative of the biofuels industry. Mr. Erämetsä will co-chair together with Ruben Alblas from KLM Royal

September 29, 2016 Read Full Article

Congress Should Not Be Allowed to Gut Fuel Efficiency Standards

by Rep. Scott Peters (D-Calif.) ...  Automakers have adapted innovations more quickly than anticipated. They implemented technology that wasn’t even anticipated just four years ago and exceeded regulatory targets. As of last year, vehicles sold under these new standards saved consumers $12.3

September 28, 2016 Read Full Article

The Car-Emissions Sleuth Who’s Costing Chrysler $5 Billion

by John Lippert and Jeff Plungis (Bloomberg)  ... As head of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s air-quality and transportation office, (Chris) Grundler holds as much sway as any single human over how global automakers allocate more than $100 billion in R&D money

September 26, 2016 Read Full Article

Biofuels International 2016: Industry Experts Outline 2030 EU Biofuels Vision

by Liz Gyekye (Biofuels International)  Industry experts have outlined their 2030 biofuels vision at the 9th Biofuels International Conference.  By 2020, the EU aims to have 10% of the transport fuel of every EU country come from renewable sources such

September 26, 2016 Read Full Article

Aviation Industry Urges Governments to Show Climate Leadership

(Air Transport Action Group)  Negotiations to complete the first global agreement on capping a single sector’s climate impact are due to resume in Montreal on Tuesday as the world’s governments meet for the International Civil Aviation Organization’s (ICAO) 39th Assembly.

September 26, 2016 Read Full Article

The Fight Must Go on to Protect the EU's Right to Continue with Its Own Aviation Emissions Scheme

by Jeff Gazzard (European GreenSkies Alliance/GreenAir Online)  Over the next couple of weeks, the United Nations’ International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) will be holding its 39th Assembly in Montreal. One of the key items up for discussion/agreement/stonewalling (take your pick!)

September 23, 2016 Read Full Article

KLM and Lufthansa Sign Long-Term Agreements with US Sustainable Biofuel Producers AltAir and Gevo

(GreenAir Online) European airlines KLM and Lufthansa have each signed agreements with US biofuel companies for supplies of locally-produced sustainable fuels. KLM has agreed to purchase through a three-year offtake agreement an undisclosed quantity of used cooking oil based fuel produced by

September 23, 2016 Read Full Article

Environmental NGOs Fear Voluntary Participation in Global Aviation Scheme Will Undermine Carbon Neutrality Goal

(GreenAir Online)  Environmental NGOs have expressed strong reservations with elements of the proposed global market-based carbon scheme that will shortly be presented for approval by ICAO’s Member States at their upcoming Assembly that starts on September 27 in Montreal. They

September 23, 2016 Read Full Article

Paris High Ambition Countries Call for Urgent Action on Aviation Emissions and a Robust Global Carbon Scheme

(GreenAir Online)  Members of the High Ambition Coalition, which played a pivotal role in the successful outcome of the global climate negotiations last December that resulted in the Paris Agreement, have joined forces to call for urgent action to curb

September 23, 2016 Read Full Article

Design Features of the EU’s Aviation ETS Should Be Strengthened to Deliver Real Emissions Reductions, Finds T&E Report

(GreenAir Online)  Despite imperfections, the inclusion of aviation into the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) has functioned well and enjoys a high degree of compliance, finds a new report by Transport and Environment (T&E) that analyses performance over the

September 23, 2016 Read Full Article

Trump Backs off Plan to Eliminate EPA

by Kyle Feldscher (The Washington Examiner)  Donald Trump appeared to back off his proposal to eliminate the Environmental Protection Agency as president, instead promising to "refocus" the agency on a less regulatory-heavy mission. ... He promised to open up more drilling off

September 23, 2016 Read Full Article

Answers to Your Questions about Renewables and the Advanced Bioeconomy

by Jim Lane and Ron Cascone (Biofuels Digest/NEXANT)  Recently, we held a popular webinar on Renewables and the Advanced Bioeconomy with NEXANT principal Ron Cascone, for which you can see the slides here. During the webinar, we received a number of excellent questions,

September 22, 2016 Read Full Article

Report Helps Retain Access to EU Market

by Megan Cechner (Farm Weekly)  A co-funded report by Australian Export Grains Innovation Centre (AEGIC) and Australian Oilseeds Federation (AOF) members has mapped greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions for the entire canola lifecycle to ensure Australian canola growers retain access to the valuable

September 21, 2016 Read Full Article

Water-Energy Dependence around Pacific Rim Mapped in New Sandia Study

(Sandia National Laboratories)  A wide-ranging analysis of water vulnerability across the Pacific — including the U.S., China, Russia and Japan — has identified hundreds of locations where energy production depends upon scarce water supplies. The Sandia National Laboratories study, “Mapping Water

September 20, 2016 Read Full Article

Sell Last Gasoline Car by 2035 to Meet Climate Goals, Study Says

by Alister Doyle (Reuters)  The last gasoline-powered car will have to be sold by about 2035 to put the world on track to limit global warming to the most stringent goal set by world leaders last year, a study said on

September 19, 2016 Read Full Article

Alternative Jet Fuels Tackle Rising Aviation Emissions

by Rebecca Chillrud (Environmental and Energy Study Institute)  ... The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency recently issued an endangerment finding for aircraft, indicating that greenhouse gas emissions from aircraft are hazardous to public health. This finding requires the EPA to begin crafting

September 19, 2016 Read Full Article

RSB EU RED Re-Recognized by the European Commission

(Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  The Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials is pleased to announce its re-recognition by the European Commission. The decision was published by the commission on Aug. 9 in the Official Journal of the European Union and

September 19, 2016 Read Full Article

Ethanol Blog: Science Improves on Land-Use Change, Biodiesel

by Todd Neeley (DTN-The Progressive Farmer)  Purdue University agriculture economics professor Wally Tyner isn’t exactly ready to discount the theory of indirect land use change, or ILUC, that has been the bane of biofuels’ existence since the creation of the

September 19, 2016 Read Full Article

Now Boarding: Commercial Planes Take Flight with Biobased Jet Fuel

by Melissae Fellet (C&EN)  Aviation industry hopes to cut emissions with renewable fuels  --  This year, renewable jet fuel took off, graduating from demonstration and test flights to some regular commercial use. In January, some flights left the airport in

September 19, 2016 Read Full Article

Ottawa to Impose a National Carbon Price on the Provinces

by Shawn McCarthy (Globe and Mail)  The Liberal government will move this fall to impose a minimum, national carbon price on provinces that fail to adopt their own pricing system for reducing greenhouse-gas emissions, a plan that is adamantly opposed by

September 19, 2016 Read Full Article

Survey Shows Suppliers Support for Existing 2025 Federal Light-duty Vehicle Fuel Economy Regulation

(CALSTART)  First-ever fuel economy survey of auto suppliers:  70 percent don’t want policymakers to change standards  --  Tier 1 suppliers want long-term goals, support 2025 targets Major automotive suppliers see national fuel economy standards as important for long-term planning and investment and

September 15, 2016 Read Full Article

How Low Can #Ethanol’s Carbon Intensity Go?

by Joanna Schroeder (Energy.AgWired.com)  ...  “Carbon Intensity: Field-to-Wheel How Low Can You Go?” was one of the break-out sessions during the 29th annual Ethanol Conference. During the discussion, panelists walked attendees through the nuts and bolts of low carbon fuel

September 14, 2016 Read Full Article

When It Comes to Science, Trump and Clinton Have Common Ground — But Not Much

by Brady Dennis (The Washington Post) Earlier this summer, the folks behind ScienceDebate.org sent the presidential candidates a list of 20 questions that likely won't garner much airtime in the televised debates this fall. They asked about climate change, mental health, space exploration, vaccinations, antibiotic-resistant

September 14, 2016 Read Full Article

Reconciling Food Security and Bioenergy: Priorities for Action

by Keith L. Kline, Siwa Msangi, Virginia H. Dale, Jeremy Woods, Glaucia M. Souza, Patricia Osseweijer, Joy S. Clancy, Jorge A. Hilbert, Francis X. Johnson, Patrick C. McDonnell, Harriet K. Mugera (Global Change Biology Bioenergy)  Understanding the complex interactions among food security, bioenergy sustainability, and resource management requires a focus

September 12, 2016 Read Full Article

Don’t Fall For Ethanol Spin

by Bill Delahunt (Coastal Angler)  ... There is a lot to like about ethanol. It displaces cancer-causing chemicals in gasoline like benzene. It replaced MTBE, which polluted drinking water throughout the 1990s. Just this year, ExxonMobil was required to pay millions for the

September 12, 2016 Read Full Article

Debating the Value of Ethanol as a Viable Fuel (3 Letters)

by Geoff Cooper (Renewable Fuels Association/Denver Post)  Re: “EPA dodges responsibility on ethanol,” Sept. 3 editorial.  The ethanol industry agrees with The Denver Post that the Environmental Protection Agency should conduct updated scientific assessments on the impacts of biofuels. In

September 12, 2016 Read Full Article

Obama Eyes Big Finish on Climate

by Timothy Cama (The Hill)  President Obama is hoping to complete two more international agreements to fight global warming in the coming months, shoring up his climate change legacy. His landmark Paris agreement is certain to go down as one of

September 12, 2016 Read Full Article

The High-Flown Fantasy of Aviation Biofuels

by Almuth Ernsting (Biofuelwatch/The Biomass Monitor)  ...  As far as Branson and his airline, Virgin Atlantic, were concerned, the flight was indeed no more than a stunt: The “biofuel test flight” burned 95% ordinary kerosene and just 5% biofuels, made from

September 12, 2016 Read Full Article

Seeking Low Costs, Painless Logistics: The Digest’s 2016 8-Slide Guide to Advances to Know in Biomass Feedstocks

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Amidst the discussion this week of the future of first-gen and advanced biofuels in the EU —   we were intrigued by this slide deck on advances in biomass production for the bioeconomy. In the end, it’s

September 12, 2016 Read Full Article

The EU Aims for Bioeconomy Perfect, by Tossing out the Good

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ... (T)he EU has put itself on a fast-track to limit, if not abandon, first-generation biofuels and focus almost exclusively for its carbon future on advanced biofuels. ... Europe has a lot of fog, and nowhere can

September 12, 2016 Read Full Article

With More People Hitting the Road, It’s Time for a Carbon Tax

(The Washington Post)  ... Even with current conditions factored in, government experts project that fuel-efficiency standards will put much more downward pressure on gasoline use in coming years, helping to bring consumption well below historical highs over the coming decades, even

September 12, 2016 Read Full Article

Review of John DeCicco et al. Article Titled “Carbon Balance Effects of U.S. Biofuel Production and Use”

by Steffen Mueller (University of Illinois at Chicago Energy Resources Center)  ... The authors essentially challenge the accuracy of traditional life cycle analysis with their new model. ... The authors argue that “for a biofuel to provide a net reduction in CO2 emissions, the production

September 09, 2016 Read Full Article

CAFE Standards: What’s Biomass Got to Do with It?

by Rebecca Chillrud  (Environmental and Energy Study Institute)  On July 18, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and the California Air Resources Board (CARB) released their Draft Technical Assessment Report (TAR), providing a midterm evaluation

September 09, 2016 Read Full Article

The Companies of the Biobased Economy: The Multi-Slide Guide

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The Biotechnology Innovation Organization has released its new report “Advancing the Biobased Economy: Renewable Chemical Biorefinery Commercialization, Progress, and Market Opportunities, 2016 and Beyond,” documenting substantial, ongoing growth in the renewable chemical industry and outlining federal

September 09, 2016 Read Full Article

India Will Soon Be Zero Petroleum Import Country: Gadkari

(CNBC MoneyControl)  Despite low prices globally, India at present is incurring a massive Rs 4.5 lakh crore on crude imports which was earlier Rs 7.5 lakh crore, Gadkari said addressing a conference on methanol economy organised by Niti Aayog today.

September 08, 2016 Read Full Article

The EU Commission Has Lost the Plot on Biofuels

by Dick Roche (Biofuels Digest/Pannonia Ethanol)  Just as the EU institutions were shutting up shop for the long summer break the EU Commission issued its strategy to reduce transport emissions in the post 2020 period, ‘European Strategy for low Emission Mobility’.

September 08, 2016 Read Full Article

Tesoro to Acquire Virent

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Wisconsin, Tesoro reached an agreement for Tesoro to acquire Virent. The acquisition, the partners said, will support the scale up and commercialization of Virent’s BioForming technology for the production of low carbon bio-based fuels

September 08, 2016 Read Full Article

Crown Point Tops off Tank with New E-85 Fuel Grant

by Carrie Napoleon (Chicago Tribune/Post-Tribune)  The Indiana Department of Transportation and Northwest Regional Planning Commission will continue to pay for E-85 fuel used by the Crown Point Police Department. Police Chief Pete Land said the department has secured another $96,000 in

September 08, 2016 Read Full Article

Advanced Biofuels USA Receives USDA Rural Business Development Grant for Feasibility Study of Eastern Shore Energy Beet-to-Jetfuel Project

For Immediate Release, September 7, 2016:  Frederick, Maryland -- The U.S. Department of Agriculture has provided $16,893 to Advanced Biofuels USA, a Maryland based  501(c) 3 nonprofit educational organization, for a feasibility study of producing bio-jetfuel from energy beets grown

September 07, 2016 Read Full Article

Europe's Big 4 Ethanol CEOs (Tereos, Cristal Union, Alco Group, Crop Energies) Are in a Curious Situation.

by James Cogan (Biofuels Digest/Pannonia Ethanol)  ... Together with their smaller peers they produce about 6 million tonnes of the fuel commodity annually, with combined revenues of around 4 billion euro. The product gets blended into petrol accounting for 4% of

September 06, 2016 Read Full Article

McGill University’s Occasional Paper Series on the Environmental Sustainability of International Civil Aviation

(GreenAir Online)  The Centre for Research in Air and Space Law at McGill University in Canada has published an Occasional Paper Series on the environmental sustainability of international civil aviation. The 13 research papers address various policy, legal and technical means

September 05, 2016 Read Full Article

ICAO Carbon Offsetting Scheme Moves a Step Closer to Agreement as Council Releases Final Draft Resolution Text

(GreenAir Online)  ICAO’s 36-State governing Council has released final draft text of a Resolution to be put before the UN agency’s triennial Assembly later this month on a global market-based measure (GMBM) aimed at keeping global net CO2 emissions from

September 05, 2016 Read Full Article

China, US Set to Release Review of Each Other’s Fossil Fuel Subsidies in Historic Move at G20 Summit

by Li Jing (South China Morning Post)  The cross-checking system between world’s two worst carbon polluters will be the first time Beijing has allowed another nation to review its domestic energy subsidies  --  ... he peer-review mechanism between Beijing and Washington,

September 05, 2016 Read Full Article

Biofuels versus Gasoline: The Emissions Gap Is Widening

(Environmental and Energy Study Institute)  ... Many respected laboratories, agencies, and researchers have used a lifecycle analysis to show that biofuels, particularly advanced biofuels, provide significant carbon benefits compared to gasoline. These benefits have increased in recent years, as biofuels have

September 03, 2016 Read Full Article

SuperBIO Project to Support EU Bioeconomy Innovation

(Bio Base Europe/Biomass Magazine)  SuperBIO is an innovation project supported through the EU Horizon2020 funding program. The € 3.8 million ($4.24 million) project supports the development of promising industrial value chains in the bioeconomy. It therefore engages with the EU

September 03, 2016 Read Full Article

Blog: Competing with Sub $50 Oil - a Strategy for Biofuels

by Irshad Ahmed  (Lee Enterprises Consulting/Biofuels International)  If bioenergy represents a sustainable energy future for the planet, then why must it compete with oil prices to be deemed a feasible energy alternative for the society? The answer is simple: It is because

September 03, 2016 Read Full Article

Burning Paradise: Korindo Accused of Destroying Indonesia's Last Forests

by Vaidehi Shah (Eco-Business)  An investigative report by green groups from around the world has uncovered the role of Korean-Indonesian conglomerate Korindo in destroying precious, untouched ecosystems in Papua province. One of Indonesia’s few remaining expanses of pristine rainforest is at imminent

September 02, 2016 Read Full Article

Does Minnesota Have What It Takes to Seize Biofuel Opportunities?

by Timothy J. Rudnick (Minnesota Bio-Fuels Association)  Seldom do the puzzle pieces align so perfectly as they now have to give Minnesota motorists greater access to E15 and higher blends of Minnesota grown, renewable ethanol. Some of those puzzle pieces include

August 31, 2016 Read Full Article

Welcome to Aviation Biofuels Math Class with Mr. Mercutio

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  If you were reading BBC’s coverage of the aviation biofuels space yesterday, you would have seen the provocative headline: Wood fuel plan to cut plane CO2 branded as ‘pipe dream’ Then would have looked in vain for

August 31, 2016 Read Full Article

Strategic Intent: The Digest’s 2016 Multi-Slide Guide to United Airlines and Sustainable Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  This season, The Digest is hosting the Strategic Intent webinar series, looking at the plans, progress and future milestones of strategic stakeholders in the Advanced Bioeconmy. In this slide deck, we looked at United Airlines, which recently invested

August 30, 2016 Read Full Article

Investors Urge G20 Nations to Ratify Paris Climate Deal This Year

by Alister Doyle (Reuters)  Investors managing more than $13 trillion of assets urged leaders of the Group of 20 on Wednesday to ratify a global climate deal by the end of 2016 and to step up efforts to shift from

August 30, 2016 Read Full Article

Who Needs Biofuels? Cost-Competitive Renewable Fuels are in Demand

by Jonathan Male  (U.S. Department of Energy)   A large part of the solution to reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the transportation sector could be uniquely filled by biofuels and bioproducts. The Energy Department’s Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO), in partnership with

August 30, 2016 Read Full Article

U.N. Aviation Emissions Pact to Let States Opt out in First Phase: Sources

by  Allison Lampert and Julia Fioretti (Reuters)  A new global deal on curbing aviation emissions will likely give states the right to opt out of its initial voluntary phases, according to sources familiar with the matter, in a concession to

August 26, 2016 Read Full Article

Early-Stage, Breakthrough Technologies: Biofuels, 10 of the Best

by Lorenz Bauer and Gerald Kutney (Lee Enterprises Consulting/Biofuels Digest)  ...  In this report, we are focused on bioenergy and biofuels (and not bioproducts) that are moving from the lab to initial commercial demonstrations and that potentially solve significant barriers

August 26, 2016 Read Full Article

Biorenewables Megatrends: The Digest’s 2016 Multi-Slide Guide to the Advanced Bioeconomy’s Progress

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  This week, we conducted a webinar on Biorenewables Megatrends with NEXANT principal Ron Cascone, who gave these incisive slides on the state of commercialization in fuels, chemicals, biomaterials and nutrition. READ MORE and MORE (Singularity Hub)

August 26, 2016 Read Full Article

Boom in Oil Production Causes Bust in Prairie Sod

by Geoff Cooper (Renewable Fuels Association)  ... Mr. (Mark) Perry suggests (without any scientific support or a single citation) that ethanol expansion has somehow led to “destruction” of prairie in the Great Plains, but says not a word about the land

August 25, 2016 Read Full Article

Jill Stein Calls for ‘Green New Deal’ to Address Climate Change

by Devin Henry (The Hill)  ... Climate change, she (Green Party presidential nominee Jill Stein) said during a National Press Club event on Tuesday, is an “emergency expounded by racial disparities. … We call for a joint solution that solves these two

August 25, 2016 Read Full Article

API-Funded Study Obscures Lifecycle Emission Benefits of Biofuels

(Renewable Fuels Association)  Today, University of Michigan Energy Institute researchers, led by longtime biofuels critic Professor John DeCicco, released a study funded by the American Petroleum Institute (API) claiming biofuels do not reduce carbon emissions compared to petroleum. Below is

August 25, 2016 Read Full Article

Got octane?

by Brian Jennings (American Coalition for Ethanol/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  It’s the Holy Grail for many in the ethanol industry to increase demand for our fuel based on its octane value proposition. The American Coalition for Ethanol has been working on octane

August 25, 2016 Read Full Article

Big Oil's Glass House

by Bob Dinneen (Renewable Fuels Association/U.S. News and World Report)  ... Indeed, it's fairly obvious that (Mark) Perry's yarn is simply intended to shift attention away from the real culprit behind destruction of prairie in the Great Plains – oil and natural

August 25, 2016 Read Full Article

California Assembly Approves Climate Change Law

by Anshu Siripurapu (Sacramento Bee)  After an intense floor debate, a bill extending California’s greenhouse gas emission targets squeaked by in the Assembly on Tuesday. Senate Bill 32 was seen as a crucial step for reauthorizing the state’s cap-and-trade program. Gov. Jerry

August 25, 2016 Read Full Article

Iowa Teen Promotes Ethanol at DNC, RNC

by Kathie Obradovich (Des Moines Register)  It’s hard to beat this as a summer job for a Des Moines teenager: Two weeks at the Republican and Democratic national conventions as part of an Iowa team promoting ethanol. Otto Gunderson, 16, traveled to Cleveland

August 23, 2016 Read Full Article

Libertarian Gary Johnson on 2016: 'This is the demise of the Republican Party'

by John Harwood (CNBC)  ...  JOHNSON: I do think that climate change is occurring, that it is man-caused. One of the proposals that I think is a very libertarian proposal, and I'm just open to this, is taxing carbon emission that

August 23, 2016 Read Full Article

Will New Biofuels Help Decarbonize Aviation and Shipping?

by Kent Harrington (Chenected)  ...  For example, which country should own the emissions from a Mexico City flight to New York, or a ship moving goods between Shanghai and Los Angeles? The country of departure, or arrival? Don't even try to

August 23, 2016 Read Full Article

Court Upholds Obama's Social Cost of Carbon Accounting for Federal Regulations

by Robert Walton (Utility Dive) The Obama Administration has won a significant victory for its use of a social cost metric to determine the impacts of new environmental and efficiency rules, in a unanimous circuit court decision that appeared to leave opponents with little

August 23, 2016 Read Full Article

Charting A Path for Sustainable Jet Fuels

by Zia Haq (U.S. Department of Energy)  Renewable biofuel alternatives can help replace conventional petroleum-based jet fuel. -- New White House reportoutlines the federal government’s plans to lower the cost of alternative jet fuels.  --  Bioenergy Technologies Office supports R&D of

August 22, 2016 Read Full Article

Big Corn Finds Unlikely Allies in US Biofuels Push: Carmakers and Drivers

by Chris Prentice (Reuters)  ... Reuters' analysis of vehicle sales and government data shows that almost a fifth of the vehicles on US roads can safely handle E-15 fuel, a gasoline with 15% ethanol content, or 50% more than the typical US

August 17, 2016 Read Full Article

Ministry of Economic Affairs of Republic of China : Turn Microalgae Biofuel into Gold Mine, Create Circular Economy of Green Energy

(4-Traders)  The Bureau of Energy, Ministry of Economic Affairs (BOE, MOEA), has promoted the research and development of green energy for decades. On 19th July, 2016, BOE commissioned Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI) to sign a contract with Taiwan Cement

August 17, 2016 Read Full Article

Hillary Clinton Picks TPP and Fracking Advocate To Set Up Her White House

by Zaid Jilani and Naomi LaChance (The Intercept)  Two big issues dogged Hillary Clinton during the Democratic primary: the Trans-Pacific Partnership trade agreement (TPP) and fracking. She had a long history of supporting both. Under fire from Bernie Sanders, she came out against

August 17, 2016 Read Full Article

CEQ Guidance Addresses Biogenic Emissions from Land Management

by Erin Voegele (Biomass Magazine)  The Council on Environmental Quality, a division of the Executive Office of the President, has issued final guidance on considering greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and climate change in National Environmental Policy Act reviews that addresses

August 16, 2016 Read Full Article

EPA and DOT Finalize Greenhouse Gas and Fuel Efficiency Standards for Medium- and Heavy-Duty Engines and Vehicles

(Environmental Protection Agency)  Standards address second-largest segment of U.S. transportation in terms of emissions and energy use -- The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the Department of Transportation’s National Highway Traffic Safety Administration jointly finalized standards for medium- and heavy-duty

August 16, 2016 Read Full Article

Weltec to Develop AD Plant for Colombian Egg Producer

(Bioenergy Insight)  German bioenergy developer Weltec Biopower will shortly start building an anaerobic digestion (AD) plant for Colombia‘s largest egg producer. The 800kW biogas plant is to go live in early 2017. In terms of the feedstock input, the operator Incubadora

August 16, 2016 Read Full Article

[Exclusive] Where Do Environmental Groups Stand on Bioenergy?

by Josh Schlossberg (The Biomass Monitor)  ... The Biomass Monitor contacted representatives for the following organizations (listed alphabetically) to determine their stances on biomass power and heating, liquid biofuels for transportation, and trash incineration: 350*, Center for Biological Diversity, Environmental Working Group,

August 15, 2016 Read Full Article

The Renewable Fuel Standard: Working as Intended?

(Environmental and Energy Study Institute)  ... With a potential omnibus spending package on the table this fall, the oil industry and some environmental groups have raised again the proposition of RFS reform.  Two major claims made by RFS-reformers are that biofuels,

August 12, 2016 Read Full Article

In Pitting Biofuels against the Environment, Only Clear Winner Is Oil

by Jessie Stolark (The Hill/Environmental and Energy Study Institute)  ... The total amount of U.S. land under production by American farmers is down-- not just over the last 50 or 100 years, but also over the last decade according to the U.S. Department of

August 11, 2016 Read Full Article

Out Now: CASCADES – Study on the Optimised Cascading Use of Wood

(Bio-based News)  The most comprehensive study on cascading use of wood including material flows, barriers and potential measures  --  Efficient and environmentally responsible biomass use is central to sustainable development and key to delivering an effective circular economy, an efficient

August 11, 2016 Read Full Article

To Lead Abroad on Climate, Repeal Oil and Gas Tax Breaks at Home

by Gilbert E. Metcalf (The Hill/Tufts University)  ... Proponents of reform argue that eliminating tax preferences for producers of oil and gas would save $4 billion taxpayer dollars each year and strengthen American leadership on climate change. ... In a recent study published by

August 11, 2016 Read Full Article

California Urgently Needs Action on Climate Change; Legislature and Governor Should Pass SB 32 This Year

(Union of Concerned Scientists)  In recent days, legislative leadership and Gov. Jerry Brown have been sending mixed signals on whether they will consider SB 32 (Pavley), a bill to require lowering climate pollution to 40 percent below 1990 levels by

August 08, 2016 Read Full Article

Governments of Canada and Quebec Support Innovative Renewable Fuel Oil Project

(Ensyn)  Support for clean technology innovation is vital to growing Canada’s economy and addressing climate change. With its abundance of renewable biomass, Canada has the potential to develop a strong and globally competitive bioenergy sector. The Governments of Canada and Quebec will provide

August 08, 2016 Read Full Article

August Is the Time to Reach Out and Meet Your Member of Congress

by Brent Erickson (Biotechnology Innovation Organization/Biofuels Digest)  Members of Congress just returned to their home states and districts for the August recess to meet with constituents and campaign for the upcoming elections. You can be sure the oil producers will

August 08, 2016 Read Full Article

Does the U.S. EPA Not Want Biofuels?

by Nathan Vander Griend (ERI Solutions, Inc./Lee Enterprises Consulting/Biofuels Digest)  The United States Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) mission is to protect human health and the environment. They are charged with delivering on that mission by using the best scientific information

August 05, 2016 Read Full Article

ePure: Europe’s Green Transport Strategy Cannot Afford to Ignore Ethanol’s High GHG Savings

(Biofuels International)  The European Commission has published its Communication on a European Strategy for Low-Emission Mobility report that explores policy options to decarbonise transport beyond 2020. The European renewable ethanol association (ePURE), representing conventional and advanced ethanol producers, welcomes the Commission’s

August 03, 2016 Read Full Article

Sustainable Alternative Aviation Fuels – The Way Forward

(CORE-Jetfuel)  The Core-JetFuel Final International Conference titled Sustainable Alternative Aviation Fuels – The Way Forward took place on the occasion of the EU Sustainable Energy Week (EUSEW) on 16-17 June 2016 in Brussels, and followed up on a series of

August 03, 2016 Read Full Article

Commission Biofuel Plan Puts EU Protein Production at Risk: FEFAC

by Jane Byrne (Feed Navigator)  EU feed industry representatives urge the EU Commission to evaluate the impact of the proposed phase-out of crop-based biofuels after 2020, warning such a move will have a detrimental impact on the sector’s capacity to

August 03, 2016 Read Full Article

Our View: Ethanol: Politics May Change, but Realities Don’t

(Mankato Free Press)  Why It Matters: Ethanol as a clean energy has come under criticism but the pollution caused by fossil fuels remains the reality.  --  The politics of green energy have evolved over the last two decades in a

August 03, 2016 Read Full Article

EPA Releases Endangerment Finding for Aircraft, Good News for Biofuels

by Rebecca Chillrud  (Energy and Environmental Study Institute)  ... On July 25, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) released its endangerment finding for aircraft, indicating that greenhouse gas emissions from aircraft are hazardous to public health. This finding requires the EPA

August 02, 2016 Read Full Article

EPA Sets Stage for Regulating Airplane Emissions

by Devin Henry (The Hill)  Regulators have formally concluded greenhouse gas emissions from airplanes pose a threat the environment, the first step toward new federal rules. The moved, called an “endangerment finding,” from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) requires officials to

August 02, 2016 Read Full Article

Commission to Study Maine’s Biomass Industry to Meet in August

by Katie Fletcher (Biomass Magazine)  ... This past April, Maine enacted a resolve establishing the 13-member commission. Members include two from the Senate and three from the House of Representatives. Four members are appointed by the president of the Senate, including a

August 02, 2016 Read Full Article

It’s Time to Rethink Methane

(GNA Journal)  GNA hosted its second-annual Rethink Methane Symposium on June 29-30 in Sacramento, California, which gathered more than 250 attendees to look at impediments and obstacles to harnessing the state’s substantial renewable methane feedstocks – such as dairy manure,

August 01, 2016 Read Full Article

Biofuel Blunder? Renewable Fuel Mandate Is Having a Negative Effect on Home Run Totals

by Marc J. Rauch  (The Auto Channel)  Biofuel mandate was supposed to fix everything, but no one has hit over 60 home runs in the past 15 years -- I just finished reading an anti-ethanol Bloomberg editorial written by Jennifer A. Dlouhy.

August 01, 2016 Read Full Article

Hillary Clinton's Climate and Energy Policies, Explained

by David Roberts (Vox)  ... I'm going to break this down as a series of numbered lists — not one, not two, but five lists of three: The three key facts the campaign took as starting points The three overarching goals of

August 01, 2016 Read Full Article

Climate Change Risk Threatens 18 U.S. Military Sites: Study

by Valerie Volcovici (Reuters)  Rising sea levels due to hurricanes and tidal flooding intensified by climate change will put military bases along the U.S. East Coast and Gulf Coast at risk, according to a report released on Wednesday. Nonprofit group the

August 01, 2016 Read Full Article

[Exclusive] Bioenergy Industry Consultant Critiques Scientists’ Letter to Congress

by Josh Schlossberg (The Biomass Monitor)  A white paper by a bioenergy industry consulting firm critiques a recent letter sent to Congress by 65 U.S. scientists opposing a carbon neutral “biomass” amendment to an energy policy bill, saying the letter includes

August 01, 2016 Read Full Article

Adopting a Circular Economy: The Biorefinery Concept

by Paul Hudman (Renewable Energy World)  ... For many governments, part of this shift involves adopting a circular economy approach, utilising all aspects of ‘waste’ throughout the production chain. The concept of the biorefinery embraces this standard by making use of the entire

July 27, 2016 Read Full Article

Panel Recommends Options to Reduce Aviation Carbon Emissions

by Jasen Lee (KSL.com)  Scientists believe that organically produced bio-fuels could be one of the answers to the environmental challenge posed by greenhouse gases emitted around the globe by the commercial aviation industry. A panel of researchers presented their findings Monday

July 26, 2016 Read Full Article

Don't Weaken Obama's Fuel Economy Standards

by Varun Sivaram (Politico/Council on Foreign Relations)  When the Obama administration released its ambitious fuel economy rules for new vehicles in 2012, the economic rationale behind the standards was obvious. The price of oil hovered near $100 per barrel. With

July 26, 2016 Read Full Article

Democrats Strike ‘All-of-the-Above’ Energy Policy from Platform

by Valerie Richardson (The Washington Times)  Say good-bye to the Democratic Party’s long-standing support for “all-of-the-above” energy, and hello to “some of the above.” The party’s “all-of-the-above” energy commitment was stricken from the Democratic National Committee platform shortly before the convention

July 26, 2016 Read Full Article

White House Takes Aim at a Fast-Growing Source of Emissions: Airplanes

by Brady Dennis (The Washington Post)  ... The EPA issued a scientific assessment known as an “endangerment finding,” which determined that emissions from certain kinds of plane engines contribute to pollution that fuels climate change and creates health risks for Americans. Emissions that

July 26, 2016 Read Full Article

ABC: Bill Signals Building Support for Nutrient Recycling, Biogas

(American Biogas Council/Biomass Magazine)  Last week, Sens. Sherrod Brown, D-Ohio, and Pat Robert, R-Kan., introduced new bipartisan legislation, the Agriculture Environmental Stewardship Act (S 3248). This latest bill is a companion to identical House legislation (HR 5489) introduced on June

July 25, 2016 Read Full Article

Washington State’s Proposed Clean Air Rule Ignores Biofuels’ Climate Benefits

(Renewable Fuels Association)  Washington state’s proposed Clean Air Rule (CAR) fails to recognize the climate benefits associated with biofuels and in fact penalizes their use, the Renewable Fuels Association (RFA) told the Washington Department of Ecology in comments submitted today

July 25, 2016 Read Full Article

A4E Calls on Governments to Support the UN’s Global Scheme to Reduce Airline Carbon Emissions

(AviationBenefits.org)  Coinciding with the presentation of the European Commission’s “European Strategy for Low-Emission Mobility”, A4E sets out its priorities on environmental policy. A4E calls on all governments to support the United Nations’ proposed carbon offset scheme to ensure the airline industry

July 25, 2016 Read Full Article

GOP Platform, Which Calls Coal ‘Clean’, Would Reverse Decades of U.S. Energy and Climate Policy

by Steven Mufson (The Washington Post)  The Republican Party platform adopted Monday night would bring a total about-face on U.S. energy and climate policy, declaring that the priority placed on combating climate change under President Obama “the triumph of extremism

July 21, 2016 Read Full Article
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Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Congressional Review Act Connecticut Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP) construction and demolition waste/debris consumer education contamination contest contrails conversion technology Cook Islands cook stoves cooking fuel cooperatives COP21 COP22 COP23 COP24 COP25 COP26 COP27 COP28 COP29 COP30 copper coppice cordgrass corn bran Corn cobs corn ethanol corn fiber corn growers corn harvest corn kernel corn meal corn oil corn oil/distillers corn oil (DCO) corn prices corn stalks corn stover corn supply corn surplus corn syrup corn-based products corn/maize Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards corporate social responsibility corrosion corruption CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) cosmetics Costa Rica cotton cotton seed hulls cotton seed oil cotton stalk cottonwood Council on Environmental Quality county cover crops cow rumen cracking Crambe crassulacean acid metabolism plants (CAM) crimes criteria pollutants Croatia crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude oil Cuba cup plant cuphea currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cusi Customs and Border Protection cutworm caterpillars cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) cylindro Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs d-5 D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D20 (20%DME) D5 (5%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA date kernel oil date palm date palm pits date palm waste Dates DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act deficit definitions deforestation defossilization Dehydration Delaware DeltaWing demonstration demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify density Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security Department of Justice Department of Labor Department of the Interior Department of Transportation (DOT) depolymerization depots dextrose dfdsffsfdfsf diatoms diesel Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) diesel fuel blendstock diesel prices Diesel R5 diesel with renewables diesel-range hydrocarbons diesel-to-biodiesel conversion diethyl ether digital Digital Biology diisobutylene (DIB) dilute acid hydrolysis pretreatment DIN 51605 DIN EN 15376 (Ethanol blending component) direct air capture direct injection direct ocean capture Direct Sugar to Hydrocarbon Conversion (DSHC) direct-to-fuel directed evolution dispense distillates distillation distilled biodiesel distilled palm methyl ester (DPME) distilleries distributed/centralized distribution distribution capacity distribution waiver diversification divestment DME/rDME (dimethyl ether)/renewable DME DMF (2.5-dimethylfuran) Dominican Republic double cropping drawdown Drones/Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) drop-in biofuels/hydrocarbons drought drought tolerant drought-resistant dry ice dual cropping dual-fuel/flex fuel ships Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E100 E100 conversion kit E11 E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E2 E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E3 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E70 diesel E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency egg shell Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric Vehicle (EV) Prices electric grid electricity electricity price electricity/power generation electricity/power transmission electrocatalysis electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels (e-fuels) electrofuels (e-fuels) prices electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) electrons Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants embargo eminent domain emissions emissions standards EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 EN 228 EN 590 EN228 (standard pump gasoline) end user end-of-life Endangered Species Act (ESA) Energy Bill energy cane energy consumption energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy prices energy reserves Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine Development engine problems Engine/Fuel Co-optimization engineering England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment environmental impact study (EIS) environmental justice/socially inclusive environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Environmentalists Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic depolymerization enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling Enzyme solicitation enzymes EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) Equatorial Guinea equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) etha ethane ethanol ethanol benefits ethanol blend wall ethanol blended diesel ED ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol emissions ethanol ether diesel fuel ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol to gas ethanol tolerance ethanol-fueled aircraft Ethanol-to-Gasoline (ETG) ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/diesel ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethyl levulinate (EL) ethylbenzene ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order executive order--state Extended Range Electric Vehicle (EREV) externalities extremophiles f F Factor F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farmers farming farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation Feedstocks fermentation ferry fertilizer fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) Fischer-Tropsch/FT fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources Forest Service forestry forklifts Formate formic acid fossil carbon fossil fuel Frace fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud free fatty acids (FFA) Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon gallium Gambia games gas prices gas tax/highway user fee gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gasoline-range hydrocarbons Gemany General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Gerrmany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) Intensity giant cane giant kelp Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect Global South global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grain sorghum/milo grain speculators grains GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery green/black economy Greenland GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala Guava Seed guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Guinea Bissau Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP gypsum h Haiti Halophytes harvest site processing harvesting Hawai'i hay hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ HDO-SAK (hydro deoxygenated synthetic aromatic kerosene) health health benefits health effects heat of combustion heat of vaporization heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) high octane low carbon (HOLC) fuel High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 HVO20 HVO30 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrid ships hybrids hydrocarbon fuels Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydroformylation hydrogen aircraft hydrogen carrier hydrogen combustion engines hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen internal combustion engines hydrogen leaks hydrogen pipeline hydrogen pumps/fueling stations hydrogen tax credit hydrogen terminal Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Price hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogenolysis hydropower Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal gasification hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois Illiois illuppai ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indian beech tree Indian grass Indiana indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial burners industrial ethanol industrial gases industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated biorefineries integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine (ICE) internal combustion engine (ICE)/gasoline engine ban International international balance of payments International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Sustainability and Carbon Certification model(ISCC) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit Invvesting ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron iron oxide IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isobutylene isomerisation isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica jamelão Japan jatobá Jatropha Jersey Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 jet B Jetfuel (Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs Joint Office of Energy and Transportation jojoba Jordan JP-10 JP-4 JP-5/NATO F-44 JP-8/NATO F-34 juniper Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kalanchoe kamani Kans grass Kansas Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati knotweed Knowledge Discovery Framework Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kulpa kusum Kuwait Kygryzstan labels labor policy Labrador lactic acid lactose Lake County lamp oil land ownership land prices land rights land subsidence land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy landfill methane Landfills landscape Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead Leadtree leaf ant Lebanon lecithin legislation Legislation-Federal Legislation-State lemna lend-lease Lesotho lesquerella leucaena levulinic acid Liberia Libya licensing lichens life cycle analysis (LCA) light rail lignin Lignin Ethanol Oil (LEO) Lignocellulosic Biofuel lignocellulosic sugars lime Lipid liquefaction liquid liquid petroleum gas (LPG) liquid transportation fuels liquidation Liquified Biogas (LBG) Liquified Biogas (LBG) pumps liquified biomethane (LBM) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logistics long-term contracts Louis Louisiana low c low carbon emissions low carbon octane standard (LCOS) Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel low sulfur fuel low sulfur marine fuel lubricants lumber mill Luxembourg lysis M100 M15 M3 M50 ma macadamia macauba Macedonia machine learning machinery macororo Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona management changes mandates mangaba manganese mango mangrove Manitoba mannose manure maple maps marginal land marine algae Marine Corps Marine Diesel Oil (MDO) Marine Fuel Oil Marine Gas Oil (MGO) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) price Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel Terminal Marine/maritime renewable fuel terminal/bunkering market forces market share marketing markets/sales Mars Marshall Islands Maryland Masdar Institute mass balance standard Massachusetts Master Limited Partnership (MLP) Mauritania Mauritius Mazda meat mechanics training medical waste MEEC membranes mergers and acquisitions mesquite methanation methane leaks methane/biomethane methanization methanol benefits methanol fuel cells methanol hybrid methanol price Methanol-to-Jet (MTJ-SPK) Methanol/Biomethanol/Renewable Methanol methylbutenol Mexico Michelin GreenX Challenge Michigan micro-crop microalgae microbial electrosynthesis microbiology microorganisms/microbes microwave Mid-Atlantic Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military reserves military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels milk permeate millennium fruit millet millettia pinnata milo stover mineralization minerals mining Minn Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold Moldova molinia molybdenum MON (Motor Octane Number) Monaco Mongolia mongongo monitoring/measuring reporting verifiction (MRV) Montana Montenegro moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles motors MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES2014 MOVES3 (MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator model) Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed mvr Myanmar n-butanol n-butene nahar Namibia nano nano particles nanocatalysts nanocellulose nanomaterials naphtha/bionaphtha/renewable naphtha naphthene NASCAR National Academies of Science National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) National Energy Council National Environmental Policy Act National Guard National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Laboratory National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Oilheat Research Alliance National Park Service National Research Council National Science Foundation (NSF) national security National Security Council National Transportation Safety Board National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) Native American/American Indian/First Nation Tribes natural gas Natural Gas Act natural gas input natural gas 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Pretreatment pretreatment equipment price price of water prickly pear Prince Edward Island process flow diagram producer tax credit Production tax credit productivity project insurance propagating Propane/Biopropane/Renewable Propane propane/renewable propane pumps propanol property insurance propylene protectionism protein protests proton exchange membrane (PEM) public comments public health policy Puerto Rico pulp Pulp/Paper Mill pump retrofit kit pumps/fueling station pungam Punnai tree pyrolysis pyrolytic liquefaction Q-RIN QAP Qatar quality assurance Quality Assurance Plans (QAPs) quality improvement quantum dots Quebec Queensland quote of the week r R Factor R100/RD100 R33 R5 R95B5/RD95B5 R99/RD99 rabbits race radiata pine radish leaves Rahal Letterman Lanigan Racing railroad rain tree rainforest ranchers RAND rare earth metal/critical minerals RD10 RD100 RD20 RD3 RD30 RD40 RD50 RD55 RD80 RD80B20 RD99 reclaimed mine lands recycled oil recycled plastics recycling red algae 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RIMPAC RINs (Renewable Identification Numbers) RINs markets RINs price risk management RJ-4 RJ-6 RME (rape methyl ester) RME180 RNA (Ribonucleic acid) RNG tax credit roadmap rocket fuel Romania RON (Research Octane Number) rosin rotation crops Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials (RSB) royalties RP-1 RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber rubber seeds rumen ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Rural Renewable Energy Pilot Program rushes Russia Russian olive rutabaga Rwanda ry rye Rye grass rye straw s saccharification SAF pipeline SAF10 SAF30 SAF40 SAFc (Sustainable Aviation Fuel certificates) Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower sago pond weed SAIC sal tree Salicornia salt water salt-tolerant saltbush saltcedar Samoa Sanctions Santa Monica sardine oil Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Advisory Board (SAB) Science Based Targets 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conversion solar fuel solar thermochemical hydrogen (STCH) solaris Solid Oxide Electrolyzer Cell (SOEC) solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) Solomon Islands Solutions solvent liquefaction Somalia soot sorghum sorghum oil sorghum price sorghum stover South Africa South America South Australia South Carolina South Dakota South Korea South Pacific South Sudan Southeast Asia Southern Africa Soviet Union SOx (Sulfur oxides) soy meal soybean hulls soybean prices soybeans Spain spartina specifications Spekboom Spent Bleaching Earth Oil (SBEO) sprawl spruce Sri Lanka Stakeholders standards start-up State Department Statistics steam explosion steam methane reformation steam reformation steel stevia stillage storage tanks Straight (pure) Vegetable Oil (SVO or PVO) stranded assets Strategic Bioenergy Reserve STrategiv Petroleum Reserve straw students su sub-Saharan Africa sub-sim (substantially similar) succinic acid sucrose Sudan sugar Sugar Beets/Energy Beets Sugar kelp sugar palm sugar platform sugar 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