Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

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IPCC Report Says Biofuel Necessary to Keep Climate Change under Control

by Meghan Sapp (Biofuels Digest) In South Korea, AFP reports the Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change has launched a new report saying time is running out to stop climate change but that significant investment in biofuels and associated carbon capture and storage could

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Company Hopes to Convert Ethanol Plant to Methane

(Quay County Sun)  If all goes according to plan, a long-closed ethanol plant in Tucumcari may be converted into a methane plant and become fully operational by mid-2020. Tucumcari Bio-Energy Co. is hunting for investors and may begin converting the plant to

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From Waste to Fuel: Researchers to Develop Next-Generation Biofuels and Bioproducts

by Julianne Beck (Northwestern University Campus News)  A new collaboration led by Michael Jewett, professor of chemical and biological engineering at Northwestern University, will combine recent technological advancements in bioengineering to develop a transformative production system for next-generation biofuels and bioproducts. The

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Canadian University and Xebec Embark on Power-to-Renewable Gas Project

(Xebec/McGill University/NGV Journal)  Xebec Adsorption Inc. will co-develop a prototype reactor to produce renewable natural gas using a power-to-gas (P2G) process with McGill University. This process combines electricity generated from renewable sources with CO2 generated from waste. The project is being

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Everything You Need to Know about Wednesday’s Cars CO2 Vote

by Greg Archer (Transport & Environment/EurActiv)  While most of the political attention is – rightly – focused on the headline target for CO2 reduction, the discussion on car emissions has also much more to it, writes Greg Archer. ... The main fight is over

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Chemists Demonstrate Sustainable Approach to Carbon Dioxide Capture from Air

(Oak Ridge National Laboratory)  Chemists at the Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory have demonstrated a practical, energy-efficient method of capturing carbon dioxide (CO2) directly from air. They report their findings in Nature Energy. If deployed at large scale and coupled to geologic

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On the Origin of the Elusive First Intermediate of CO2 Electroreduction

by Irina V. Chernyshova, Ponisseril Somasundaran and Sathish Ponnurangam (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)  The understanding of a catalytic reaction starts with understanding its first elementary step. Surprisingly, despite the large number of studies, it is unclear whether one

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Shell-backed Startup Creates Fuel from Carbon Dioxide and Fake Sunlight

by Cole Latimer (Sydney Morning Herald)   startup company backed by energy giant Shell has developed a method to turn carbon dioxide into fuel by adding fake sunlight. US company Dimensional Energy has developed an “artificial photosynthesis” process with a photoreactor that converts carbon

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EPA’s SAB to Address Biogenic CO2 Framework at Sept. 26 Meeting

by Erin Voegele (Biomass Magazine)  The U.S. EPA has announced its Chartered Science Advisory Board will hold a teleconference Sept. 26 to address several issues, including a new draft SAB review of EPA’s Framework for Assessing Biogenic CO2 Emissions from Stationary

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Department of Energy Announces 36 Projects for Bioenergy Research and Development

(U.S. Department of Energy)  Today, the U.S. Department of Energy announced the selection of 36 projects totaling $80 million to support early-stage bioenergy research and development (R&D). This R&D will enable cost-competitive, drop-in renewable hydrocarbon fuels, bio-based products, and power from

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The Silent Fuel: Methanol for Power, Fuels and Chemistry in a Low-Carbon Economy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) From Switzerland comes word of a technology for methanol synthesis plants which capture CO2 from the environment to create renewable methanol fuel. If you haven’t heard of it before, it’s appropriately named Silent-Power. The company produces both

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Transforming Carbon Dioxide

(University of Delaware/Phys.Org)  A team of researchers at the University of Delaware's Center for Catalytic Science and Technology (CCST) has discovered a novel two-step process to increase the efficiency of carbon dioxide (CO2) electrolysis, a chemical reaction driven by electrical currents

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Ingenza Embarks on Collaborative Project to Recycle CO2

(Ingenza)  Ingenza is pleased to announce a collaboration with the University of Dundee and Drochaid Research Services on a highly innovative project that aims to reduce the waste carbon dioxide generated by industrial biotech manufacturing applications. Funded by Zero Waste Scotland,

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New Approach Derives Hydrogen from Algae

by Elizabeth Montalbano (Design News)  Researchers at the University of Turku in Finland have discovered a novel way to develop biofuel from green algae.  --  ...One of the most promising alternatives has been molecular hydrogen, which provides carbon-free power in one of the

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Federally Funded Project Uses Microbes to Convert CO2 to RNG

by Betsy Lillian (NGT News)  Southern California Gas Co. (SoCalGas) has announced new grant funding for Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LNNL) and Stanford School of Engineering’s Spormann Laboratory to conduct new power-to-gas research. The two entities will also receive $800,000 from the

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Renewable Carbon is Key to a Sustainable and Future-Oriented Chemical Industry

(nova-Institute)  The equivalent to decarbonisation in the energy sector is a transition to carbon from renewable sources in the chemical and plastics industries. The nova-Institute published a position paper on the future of chemistry.  The chemical industry may only develop into

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Carbon Capture, Solar Fuels, Fossil Bubble

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Spain, BIOCON-CO2, a new €7 million EU Horizon 2020-funded research project, has recently kicked-off with intentions of supporting EU leadership in carbon dioxide (CO2) re-use technologies. BIOCON-CO2 aims to re-use excess CO2 produced from the iron, steel,

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This Start-Up Turns Pollution from Factories into Fuel That Powers Cars — and One Day Planes

by Catherine Clifford (CNBC)  A bacteria found in the gut of a rabbit can now help cars run in a more eco-friendly way.  The bacteria, identified by biotech start-up LanzaTech, helps turn factory carbon emissions, a.k.a. pollution, into ethanol .... ... "While there are many sustainable

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Osaka City University Develops CO2 Consuming Biofuel Cell Utilizing Microalgae Spirulina

(Japan for Sustainability)  Osaka City University announced on April 25, 2018, that it succeeded in developing a new biofuel cell system with the functions of a solar cell and the ability of carbon dioxide conversion. Utilizing the photosynthesis function of spirulina,

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NPPD Part of DOE Study to Develop Integrated CO2 Collection, Transportation, and Storage Infrastructure

(Nebraska Public Power District) Nebraska Public Power District is taking another step forward in the carbon world with a second Department of Energy (DOE) study. This most recent initiative has a goal of developing an integrated carbon dioxide (CO2) collection,

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The Digest’s Top 10 Innovations for the Week of July 18th

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ...In today’s Digest, wool without the sheep, fuels from water and C)2, bacteria-powered solar cells, spectral imagery in the sky, artificial intelligence in the crop field, sugar-based straws and more, ready for you now at The

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Climate Pollutants Fall Below 1990 Levels for First Time

(California Air Resources Board)  Emissions down 13% since their 2004 peak while economy grew 26%  --  ... The transportation sector, the state’s largest source of greenhouse gases, saw a 2 percent increase in emissions in 2016 because of increased fuel consumption. But

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Royal Netherlands Air Force First to Operate F-16 Fighting Falcon on SAF

(Bioenergy International)  Over the next fortnight, one F-16 Fighting Falcon of the Royal Netherlands Air Force will operate from Leeuwarden Air Base on a 5 percent blend of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), supplied by SkyNRG, a Netherlands-headed sustainable aviation fuel (SAF)

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An FAQ on 45Q: What Federal Carbon Storage Tax Credit Means for Midwest

by Frank Jossi (Energy News)  A federal tax credit passed earlier this year could increase the amount of carbon being stored underground. The revamped “45Q” tax credit boosts the amount of money available to companies willing to capture and store carbon

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From Water to Hydrogen Biofuel – ASU Uses Light-Driven Energy Extraction

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest)  In Arizona, Arizona State University researcher Kevin Redding is working on biological, light-driven energy extraction. Redding, a biochemist who leads the Center for Bioenergy and Photosynthesis at ASU, is producing hydrogen biofuel from water instead of

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From LanzaTech to Sierra Energy and the Latest Research, Syngas Is on Fire

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest)  Syngas, or synthesis gas, is on fire lately, with new technologies making the most of waste products like CO2 or low-grade biomass and converting them into useful hot stuff like syngas that can then be

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In a Q&A with The Washington Post on Friday, Wheeler Showed He Differs from Pruitt

by Kelsey Tamborrino (Politico's Morning Energy)  In a Q&A with The Washington Post on Friday, (EPA Acting Administrator Scott) Wheeler showed he differs from Pruitt in at least one major way. He said he considers an endangerment finding that is the agency's

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Boss of Teesside Plant at Centre of Beer CO2 Shortage Explains How to Stop Future Problems

by Kelly Price (Teeside Live)  Ensus says a change in the law on PETROL could secure its future - and keep the CO2 flowing to the food and drink industry  --  Bosses of a Teesside ethanol plant at the centre of the

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ICAO Council Reaches Landmark Decision on Aviation Emissions Offsetting

(International Civil Aviation Organization) The ICAO Council made important headway today on the key international standards supporting the UN aviation agency’s Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation, or ‘CORSIA’.   Its adoption of the First Edition of Annex 16, Volume IV,

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AAPCA Releases 2018 Edition of The Greatest Story Seldom Told

(Association of Air Pollution Control Agencies)  Today, the Association of Air Pollution Control Agencies (AAPCA) released the 2018 edition of The Greatest Story Seldom Told: Profiles and Success Stories in Air Pollution Control. State and local air agencies have been at the

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The Yosemite Sam of the Microbial World, Hot Rodded Lichen, BYO Nitrogen, The Microbial Marx Brother, Sexy Hexy and More: The DOE Delves into New Orgamsism for Fuels & Chems

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The meanest, nastiest, ornierest, heat-seeking organism ever found that munches biomass and other microbes that got a booster via the DOE’s $40M grants for advanced microbes R&D. And aromatics without the mess, a sky-vacumming organism and

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New Catalyst Upgrades Carbon Dioxide to Fuels Found by USTC

(EurekAlert!/University of Science and Technology of China)  Liquid multi-carbon alcohols such as ethanol and n-propanol are desired as renewable transportation fuels. They offer high energy densities, ease of long-range transport, and direct drop-in usage in existing internal combustion engines. Engineering catalysts

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How Induced Innovation Lowers the Cost of a Carbon Tax

by Joe Kennedy (Information Technology and Innovation Foundation)  Evidence shows a carbon tax will induce innovation that will lower the cost of reducing CO2 emissions. If the revenues are recycled to expand tax incentives for research and capital investment, a modest

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High-Performance: The Digest’s 2018 Multi-Slide Guide to Avantium

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The company is now safely emerged from its celebrated IPO, and is embarked on the development of the first commercial plant project with its JV partner BASF — so, its been a big period and even

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Can Climate Change Be Stopped by Turning Air into Gasoline?

by David Fridley and Richard Heinberg  (Renewable Energy World)  The headline of this article was composed simply by rephrasing the title of a popular recent piece in The Atlantic — “Climate Change Can Be Stopped by Turning Air into Gasoline” — as a question.

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Indian Researchers Create an Artificial Leaf Which Consumes Sunlight and Carbon Dioxide to Produce Energy

by Amit Jha (Crazy Engineers)  Researchers at the Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore have found a novel approach to produce energy by using sunlight and carbon dioxide. By using a collection of quantum dots made up of Copper Aluminium Sulphate and Zinc

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EPA to Change How It Considers Costs, Benefits of Regulations COMMENTS DEADLINE: July 13, 2018

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  On June 7, the U.S. EPA issued an advanced notice of proposed rulemaking, announcing the agency is soliciting public input on whether and how to change the way it considers costs and benefits in making

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The Carbon Rescuers: 20 Top Waste Projects and Breakthroughs that Capture Used Carbon from the Waste Pile for New Uses

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In these top 20 projects, we usually say that we are using waste, but really we are converting something from a state of waste to a state of value — and that’s not just good for

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ABO Secures Unprecedented $136 Million For Algae and Related Projects — Deadlines Approaching

(Algae Biomass Organization)  ABO’s ongoing work in Washington, DC, to educate Congress and federal agencies on the importance of robust algae research, development and demonstration has resulted in the release of an unprecedented series of funding opportunities for algae. Deadlines for

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Alberta Carbon Conversion Technology Centre Officially Opens

(InnoTech Alberta) InnoTech Alberta, an applied research subsidiary of Alberta Innovates, today announced the official opening of the Alberta Carbon Conversion Technology Centre (ACCTC). InnoTech Alberta is the owner and operator of this pioneering clean technology centre. Users of the ACCTC will

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Waiver Wire: Why Is the Biofuels Industry up in Arms about Oil Refinery Waivers?

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ... But they’re part of the Washington dialogue this month, waivers and easy outs, since reports surfaced in media that the US Environmental Protection Agency granted a Renewable Fuel Standard hardship waiver for CVR Energy’s Wynnewood, Oklahoma

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The Interaction of the Clean Air Act, California's CAA Waiver, Corporate Average Fuel Economy Standards, Renewable Fuel Standards and California's Low Carbon Fuel Standard

by Joanne Ivancic* (Advanced Biofuels USA)  The Trump Administration is taking a new look at Obama Administration era Co2 regulations.  On the transportation side, these include reviewing Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards; threatening to take away California’s authority to set

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Congressman Veasey Introduces Bipartisan Energy Research Legislation

(Office of Congressman Marc Veasey)  The Fossil Energy Research and Development Act would set the course for the next generation of climate change mitigation  --  Today, Congressman Marc Veasey (D-TX), Ranking Member of the Science Committee’s Energy Subcommittee, along with Congressman David

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QUOTE OF THE WEEK -- Manhattan Institute

The Manhattan Institute looked at "zero emission vehicles" and found: Broad-based adoption of ZEVs will increase overall emissions of sulfur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen, and particulates, compared with the same number of new internal combustion engines. The simple fact is

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Short Circuit: The High Cost of Electric Vehicle Subsidies

(Manhattan Institute)  Many claim that “zero-emissions vehicles” (ZEVs), especially battery-powered electric vehicles, should replace most, if not all, cars and trucks powered by gasoline-burning internal combustion engines. The primary rationale is to reduce air pollution and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. To effect

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Electricity-Based Fuels: As Much as Needed for the Sake of the Climate, as Little as Possible for the Sake of Efficiency

(Agora Verkehrswende and Agora Energiewende)  ... The production of power-based synthetic fuels is a multi-stage process. First, clean energy from wind or PV electrolyzes water into hydrogen and oxygen. Then, the hydrogen is combined with carbon dioxide to create gaseous or

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New Research Shows the Health Benefits of Ethanol-Fueled Cookstoves

by Jieyi Lu (Environmental and Energy Study Institute)  Today, about three billion people still cook and heat their homes with traditional stoves and solid fuels worldwide. These fuels and stoves are major contributors to household air pollution in the developing world.

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Secretary Perry Announces Up to $78 Million for Bioenergy Research Funding Opportunities LOI due May 30, 2018

Today, U.S. Secretary of Energy Rick Perry announced four funding opportunities totaling up to $78 million to support early-stage bioenergy research and development under the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy’s Bioenergy Technologies Office. “The Department of Energy is focused

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What’s the Latest in Bioenergy R&D, DOE? The Digest’s 2018 Multi-Slide Guide to US DOE’s Bioenergy Technologies Office

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) The U.S. Department of Energy’s Bioenergy Technologies Office establishes partnerships with key public and private stakeholders to develop technologies for producing cost-competitive advanced biofuels from non-food biomass resources, including cellulosic biomass, algae, and wet waste (e.g.,

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To Meet Emission Reductions Objectives in Transport, Sustainable Renewable Fuels Are an Important Part of the Solution

(Methanol Institute/EIN Presswire)   The Methanol Institute (MI), the trade association representing the global methanol industry this week released a paper providing input for the Renewable Energy Directive (RED II) trilogue procedure currently underway between the European Council, Parliament and Commission. The Methanol

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Syngenta: Cellerate Technology Can Benefit Ethanol Producers

(Syngenta/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  As ethanol plants seek new ways to be more competitive, advances in corn kernel fiber to ethanol processes have shown significant promise in adding value through the diversification of product streams. “Over the last decade, existing dry grind ethanol

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Ace Ethanol to Install D3MAX Technology at Its Stanley, Wisconsin Facility

(BBI International/PR Newswire)  Adoption of both D3MAX and Whitefox Technologies will result in making the Stanley ethanol plant one of the most efficient ethanol facilities in the world.  --  D3MAX, LLC and Ace Ethanol, LLC announced today that Ace Ethanol will be the first ethanol

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Carbon Capture Could Be a Financial Opportunity for US Biofuels

(Stanford University/Phys.Org)  Although considered critical to avoiding catastrophic global warming, the feasibility of removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and storing it underground - known as negative emissions - has been in question. But researchers at Stanford and other institutions have found

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Tapping Biogas for the Renewable Hydrogen That We Really, Really Need

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) ... For those newer to the field, one of the problems of using biomass to make a fuel is that a carbohydrate contains around 53% oxygen by weight and needs about 16% more hydrogen that it

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Chemicals, a Second Life for Carbon: The Digest’s 2018 Multi-Slide Guide to LanzaTech

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  LanzaTech has developed a fully sustainable integrative gas to fuels and chemicals platform that has no impact on food, water security or high biodiversity land use. LanzaTech’s gas fermentation platform disrupts the current highly centralized global energy

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The $20 Million Carbon XPRIZE: The 10 Finalists, Revealed

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In New York, XPRIZE announced the 10 teams advancing to the final round in the $20M NRG COSIA Carbon XPRIZE.  The 10 finalists, each taking home an equal share of a $5 million milestone prize, were revealed

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Algae with Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage

(Algae Industry Magazine)  The University of Hawaii at Hilo announced that in affiliation with Duke and Cornell Universities, researchers have authored a study that suggests making croplands more efficient through algae production could unlock an important negative emission technology to combat

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CO2 Use Is Slowly Picking up Speed

(Bio-based News/nova-Institut) First semi-commercial facilities, technical advances, but political support still unclear  --  6th Conference on Carbon Dioxides as Feedstock for Fuels, Chemistry and Polymers in Cologne, 15-16 March, showed state of the art technologies, current levels of investment as well as

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What’s Next in Cellulosic Biofuels and Biogas?: The Digest’s 2018 Multi-Slide Guide to Iogen

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Iogen says it has “one of the world’s largest and most experienced teams in developing, designing, de-bugging, scaling-up and deploying cellulosic biofuel technology. We’re using innovative thinking and disciplined engineering to transform cellulosic biofuels into real, reliable

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New Federal Budget Puts Price on Carbon

by Joshua D. Rhodes (University of Texas at Austin Energy Institute)  Expanded Carbon Credit Could Spur New Coal Power Investment  --  The Furthering carbon capture, Utilization, Technology, Underground storage, and Reduced Emissions (FUTURE) Act, part of the recently enacted Bipartisan Budget Act of

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CO2 Reuse Summit --- May 16-17, 2018 --- Zurich, Switzerland

The world is constantly looking for pathways to sustainable future. One of the biggest issues are increasing CO2 emissions, which are causing the global warming. Scientists from around the globe developed several technologies enabling us to turn carbon dioxide into

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Airgas to Build Two Production Facilities in California

(Airgas/Business Wire)  Airgas USA, LLC, an Air Liquide company, today announced plans to increase its presence in California with the construction of a new liquid carbon dioxide (CO2) production facility in Stockton, CA and the expansion of an air separation unit

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Engineering Clostridia: The Digest’s 2018 Multi-Slide Guide to n-Butanol Production from Biomass and CO2

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The DOE is supporting a project to develop engineered clostridia strains and fermentation process that can directly utilize cellulose and fix CO2 for n-butanol production from lignocellulosic biomass. The engineered strains can be used in fermentation to

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BETO Publishes Engineered Carbon Reduction Listening Day Summary Report, Announces Rewiring Initiative

(U.S. Department of Energy)  The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Bioenergy Technologies Office’s (BETO’s) Rewiring the Carbon Economy: Engineered Carbon Reduction Listening Day Summary Report is now online! Read this new workshop summary for an overview of advanced strategies to use carbon dioxide

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Bio-CCS and Bio-CCUS in Climate Change Mitigation--Market and Regulatory Issues Related to Bio-CCUS

(International Energy Agency Bioenergy Task 41)  The fourth IEA Bioenergy Task 41 workshop on Bio-CC(U)S was organized in Brussels 16 January 2018. The topic of the workshop was Market and regulatory issues related to Bio-CCUS. The workshop was a full day event divided

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Carbon-Negative Fuels in the Spotlight as Ohio State, Argonne National Labs, Energy Vision Make Material Progress

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ... The biggest news along that front represents early-stage technology, but we read here that engineers at Ohio State announced that they’ve devised a process that under certain circumstances can convert coal, shale gas and biomass into electricity or syngas,

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Catalysts, Cleaning and Cook

by Tom Bryan (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  It’s not every day that scientists stumble upon novel ways to make biofuel, but that’s exactly what Oak Ridge National Laboratory researchers have done by discovering that a simple catalyst based on carbon, nitrogen and

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QUOTE OF THE WEEK

In his article suggesting scrapping Corporate Average Fuel Economy standards in favor of a Clean Air Act life cycle analysis-based methodology for CO2 transportation emission reduction, Bob Kozak advised, "(I)f anyone asks what will be the economic incentive for a

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Let’s Regulate CO2 Emissions, and Forget the 55.4 MPG 2025 Corporate Annual Fuel Economy Standard: The Inexpensive Way to Quickly Reduce Green House Gases

by Robert Kozak* (Advanced Biofuels USA)  The 2025 Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standard of 54.5 miles/gallon has become a significant issue since the election of Donald Trump as president of the United States. Besides the Administration’s near religious fervor against

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Air Liquide Opens a Unique CO2 Recovery Plant in Johnstown, ON

(Air Liquide)  Air Liquide invested over $30 million these past two years to build this new facility and enhance its bulk distribution fleet in Ontario and Quebec. Air Liquide Canada, a subsidiary of the Air Liquide Group, world leader in gases, technologies

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Emergent Research Could Forge New Paths to Biodiesel's Future

by Ron Kotrba (Biodiesel Magazine)  Young scientists presented their ongoing biodiesel research projects during a panel at the National Biodiesel Conference & Expo last week in Fort Worth, Texas. The students are part of the Next Generation Scientists for Biodiesel, a

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Ethanol's Next Breakthrough? Turning Greenhouse Gas into Fuel.

by Kevin Hardy (Des Moines Register)  ... Scientists at Oak Ridge National Laboratory unintentionally uncovered a process that uses tiny bits of carbon and copper to convert the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide into ethanol fuel. While the research remains in its preliminary phase, it could

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European Union to Prioritize Sustainable Aviation Fuel

(Air Transport Action Group)  The aviation industry today welcomed a move by the European Parliament to ensure that sustainable aviation fuel is a key component of the future of air transport. The European Parliament this week adopted its position on

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Illinois Soybean Association : B20 Biodiesel Use Translates To $1.2M Health Cost Savings

(4-Traders) New calculations show an estimated $1.2 million in health cost savings for Illinois communities where B20 biodiesel fuel is used routinely in diesel vehicles. The calculations come from data submitted by 15 members of the B20 Club, a partnership between the Illinois

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Soaring SUV Sales Drive Record-Low Carbon Emissions, EPA Says

by John Siciliano (Washington Examiner) ... "Sport utility vehicles reached record-high market share, while also achieving record-low CO2 emissions and record high fuel economy," according to the Environmental Protection Agency's report on model-year 2016 vehicles' fuel economy trends. Smaller two-wheel drive

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Air Traffic Control the Netherlands Becomes KLM’s Latest Biofuel Partner

(SkyNRG) Air Traffic Control the Netherlands is joining KLM’s Corporate BioFuel Programme. This will enable KLM to increase investment in sustainable biofuel. Air Traffic Control the Netherlands will buy sustainable biofuel for all its business flights. “Sustainable biofuel makes a structural contribution

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Carbon Dioxide to Chemicals and Fuels

by Ron Cascone (Nexant, Inc.)  Shown here is a current version of an iconic cost curve, or “stack chart” generated in an ongoing analysis started by the Scandinavian utility, Vattenfall, and carried on by McKinsey & Co and the US EPA, of

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New Process for Producing Methane Discovered by American Biochemists

by JP Casey (Power Technology)  ... A team of biochemists from Utah State University and the University of Washington has reported a variation in the process of nitrogenase which can “transform carbon dioxide into methane in a single, enzymatic step”. Typically,

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From CO2 to Algae

(Algae Industry Magazine)  How can the construction industry do its share to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases connected to global warming? In the urgent search for answers, Votorantim Cimentos and Pond Technologies are taking part in a cutting edge project

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Boosting Ethanol’s Value via CO2 Use: The Digest’s 2017 Multi-Slide Guide to White Dog Labs

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) US-based White Dog Labs have developed a new process that eliminates the production of CO2, a potent greenhouse gas, during fermentation and instead shifts the carbon to added ethanol production, boosting fermentation yields by around 50

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Biofuel Projects Named as Semi-Finalists in Ontario Competition

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  The Ontario Centres of Excellence have announced 20 semi-finalists for Ontario’s Solutions 2030 Challenge, which calls on innovators to propose solutions to help the province’s industry reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) pollution. Several of the finalists

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As Ships Risk “Unseaworthy” Rating, Warns IMO, Bioenergy Is a Key to Saving Them

by Ron Cascone (Nexant)  Reuters reported on November 16, 2017 an International Maritime Organization (IMO) declaration that ships not meeting stack sulfur emission limits through reductions in the sulfur content of their fuel or by installing scrubbers risk being declared “unseaworthy”. Ship

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Brazilian Ethanol Can Replace 13.7 Percent of World's Crude Oil Consumption

( São Paulo Research Foundation - FAPESP/EurekAlert!)  Expansion of sugarcane cultivation for biofuel in areas not under environmental protection or reserved for food production could also reduce global emissions of carbon dioxide by up to 5.6%, according to a study by

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From Conventional to Advantaged: The Digest’s 2017 Multi-Slide Guide to Aemetis

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Aemetis owns and operates 110 million gallons per year of ethanol and biodiesel facilities in the US and India, and is upgrading the plants using patented technology to produce lower carbon, higher value advanced biofuels and

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Carbon Emissions by Plant Respiration Will Have Large Impact on Climate

(EurekAlert!/University of Minnesota)  Study finds that emission rates are 30 percent higher than previously predicted  --  New findings by researchers from the University of Minnesota College of Food, Agricultural and Natural Resource Sciences (CFANS), who partnered with scientists from across the world,

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Does Regulating Indirect Land Use Change Work? The Digest’s 2017 Multi-Slide Guide to ILUC Reform

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  University of Illinois Champaign-Urbana professor Madhu Khanna has been raising issues with including an indirect land use change factor for compliance with  low carbon fuel standards. Why, since ILUC is a required calculation for the Renewable Fuel

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A Green Take on Carbon Dioxide

by Sam A. Rushing (Advanced Cryogenics, Ltd./Biofuels Digest)  ... This thought represents giving hope to CO2 recovery from biofuels, via understanding uses for the commodity; as well as helping our planet. ... Many experts remain optimistic about taming the GHG beast, through renewable energy,

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30 Hot Cellulosic Technologies, 30 Quick Takes

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Last week, DowDuPont said it was exiting the cellulosic biofuels business and you’d think that the company just burned down the warehouse with the original text of the Renewable Fuels Standard — the coverage of the

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New England Power Generators Association/Environmental NGO Letter on Regional Transportation Emissions

(New England Power Generators Association)  NEPGA letter – with the Acadia Center, Natural Resources Defense Council, Sierra Club and Union of Concerned Scientists – calling for a regional approach to lowering transportation emissions in a market based manner.  READ MORE Excerpts from

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KLM and Costa Rica Start Unique Cooperation to Make Aviation More Sustainable

(KLM) The Costa Rican government and KLM have joined hands to combat carbon dioxide emissions. Over the coming months, they will research the possibilities of flying from San Jose using bio-based jet fuel. Right now, sustainable aviation fuel is the most

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10 Disruptive Israeli Companies that Can Wean the World off Fossil Fuels

by Abigail Klein Leichman (Israel 21c)  ... H2 Energy Now is building a prototype battery-free solution for storing and increasing the usability of alternative energy from intermittent sources – sun and wind – to meet times of peak demand reliably. Radio

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Carbon Negative, Compression Ignition: The Digest’s 2017 Multi-Slide Guide to Oberon Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Oberon Fuels is facilitating the growth of the DME transportation industry by converting biogas and other hydrocarbon rich waste streams to higher valued commodities such as DME. Using its proprietary small-scale process, Oberon makes DME and

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One-Step Reforming of Methane and Carbon Dioxide Yields Fuels, Chemicals

by S. Himmelstein (Engineering 360/IEEE)  A new plasma synthesis process promises to enhance greenhouse gas emissions control while producing valuable chemical feedstocks. The technology developed at University of Liverpool allows for the direct, one-step activation of carbon dioxide and methane into higher value liquid

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Biofuel Production with the Sun, the Sea and Thermochemical Reactions

by Marcius Extavour (XPRIZE/Biofuels Digest)  ... Hydrocarbon drop-in fuels are among the leading products targeted by the CO2 conversion community, be it diesel, methanol, butanol, or others. New approaches to the science and technology of CO2-to-fuels may alter the energetics, the economics,

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Ethanol Industry Ideal Carbon Source for Advanced Oil Recovery

by Lisa Gibson (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Occidental Petroleum Corp. injects about 1 billion cubic feet per day of carbon dioxide into oil reservoirs for enhanced oil recovery (EOR), said Daniel Keiser, the company’s manager of commercial development. That CO2 comes mostly from

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MSU Research to Harness Algae to Contain Power Plant Emissions

(Michigan State University)  Michigan State University scientists will explore new algae-based technologies to capture power plant emissions and sustainably turn them into valuable products. The research project, funded by a $1 million grant from the U.S. Department of Energy, unites faculty from

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Solar-to-Fuel System Recycles CO2 to Make Ethanol and Ethylene

(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory)  Solar-to-Fuel System Recycles CO2 to Make Ethanol and Ethylene  --  Scientists at the Department of Energy’s Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) have harnessed the power of photosynthesis to convert carbon dioxide into fuels and alcohols

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Investing in Sustainable Greenhouse Growing Systems

(Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada/Cision)  Canada's agriculture and agri-food industry is an important driver of economic growth in Canada. The Government of Canada continues to support the sector as it reduces emissions and adopts sustainable practices that lead to more efficient use of water and

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How Two Microbes Joined Forces to Produce Bio-diesel from Carbon Waste

by Tv Jayan (The Hindu)  JNU researchers discover bacteria from Rajasthan, Ladakh, use them as catalysts  --  Using microbes growing in two diverse climatic conditions, Indian scientists have found a way to convert carbon-rich waste materials into bio-fuel. A team of

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Plastic Stretches Towards the New: Top 10 Trendlines in Bioplastics

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The Plant Bottle has generated so much goodwill and publicity for its 30% renewable, sustainable content (and that biobased MEG) that it’s easy to forget that there are several paths being chased to 100% renewable

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Cyborg Bacteria Outperform Plants When Turning Sunlight into Useful Compounds

(American Chemical Society)  ... “Rather than rely on inefficient chlorophyll to harvest sunlight, I’ve taught bacteria how to grow and cover their bodies with tiny semiconductor nanocrystals,” says Kelsey K. Sakimoto, Ph.D., who carried out the research in the lab

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Methanol and Bio-Economy: Now and the Future

by Lorenz Bauer (Lee Enterprises Consulting/Biofuels Digest) ... Methanol and bioeconomies are two of the buzz words of the last decade. They had their origin in the “peak oil” scare and the predicted sky rocketing oil prices. They were further

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EPA Posts Materials for SAB Review of Biogenic CO2 Framework

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  The U.S. EPA has posted new materials related to a quality review scheduled to be conducted by the Scientific Advisory Board on the agency’s draft framework for assessing biogenic carbon dioxide emissions from stationary

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6th Conference on Carbon Dioxide as Feedstock for Fuels, Chemistry and Polymers --- March 15-16, 2018 --- Cologne, Germany

Meet leading international experts at one of the leading events on Carbon Capture and Utilization (CCU) in the world!  Big visions – and also real potential! The usage of carbon dioxide, among experts referred to as Carbon Capture & Utilization

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Carbon Conversion

by Whitney Clavin (California Institute of Technology)  A new additive helps researchers more selectively convert CO2 to multicarbon fuels  --  Chemists have figured out a new, more efficient way to create carbon-based fuels from carbon dioxide (CO2). In chemical reactions performed

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A Smart, Faster Path to Zero Lifecycle Emission: Advances from the EU in Direct Carbon Capture from Air

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) ...  The most scalable solution is liquid fuels that use water, captured CO2 and renewable electricity. ... Thinkers have been coming around to the realization that this might be the most sustainable path, notwithstanding the joys of

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HGVs Fuelled with Compressed Biomethane Emit 84% Less CO2

(Bioenergy Insight)  Lorries using the UK’s first gas filling station emitted 84% less carbon dioxide (CO2) than equivalent diesel vehicles, a newly released study claims. The UK’s biggest gas network, Cadent, commissioned independent analysis of the first 14 months of operation

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Italy’s ‘First’ Municipal Waste to Methane Plant Inaugurated

(Bioenergy Insight)  A new plant for the production of biomethane and carbon dioxide has been inaugurated and started operation in Montello, Italy. The biogas upgrading plant is the ‘first’ in Italy able to produce biomethane and carbon dioxide exclusively from

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Becoming a Carbon Superhero: The Digest’s 2017 Multi-Slide Guide to LanzaTech

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  LanzaTech has developed a fully sustainable integrative gas to fuels and chemicals platform that has no impact on food, water security or high biodiversity land use. LanzaTech’s gas fermentation platform disrupts the current highly centralized global

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Indian Oil’s Landmark Project for Fuels+, from Refinery Waste CO2: The Partner? It’s LanzaTech

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Turkey, at the World Petroleum Congress, India’s flagship national oil company Indian Oil Corporation and carbon recycler LanzaTech unveiled a Statement of Intent to construct the world’s first refinery off gas-to-bioethanol production facility in

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Capturing CO2: The Digest’s 2017 Multi-Slide Guide to Algae-Based CO2 Sequestration

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The DOE completed an illuminating workshop on Carbon Capture and Sequestration with relation to algae-based technologies, and The Digest has prepared a selection of key slides presented by AquaFiber, Pacific Northwest National Lab, University of

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Stanford Discovery Could Lead to Sustainable Source of the Fuel Additive Ethanol

by Mark Schwartz (Stanford News)  Most of the fuel additive ethanol used in the U.S. is made from corn. But new research reveals that copper can turn carbon dioxide into ethanol without using corn or other plants. ... A recent discovery by

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From Sun to Pump: The Digest’s 2017 Multi-Slide Guide to Direct Photosynthetic Production of Biodiesel

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Arizona State’s Wim Vermaas gave this illuminating overview of Direct Photosynthetic Production of Biodiesel by Decoupled Cyanobacteria at the 2017 DOE Project Peer Review sessions.   READ MORE

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Algae from Thin Air: The Digest’s 2017 Multi-Slide Guide to Algae Biofuels Using Atmospheric CO2

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Michael Huessmann and John Benemann gave this illuminating overview of Microalgae Biofuels Production on CO2 from Air at the 2017 DOE Project Peer Review sessions.  READ MORE

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BIC Announces New SIRA Roadmap to Develop Europe’s Bioeconomy

(Bio-based Industries Consortium) To help build a resource-efficient, circular and bio-based economy, the Bio-based Industries Consortium (BIC) has announced its new Strategic and Research Agenda (SIRA). The SIRA identifies the activities needed to speed up the development of sustainable and

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Fuels from Thin Air: The Digest’s 2017 Multi-Slide Guide to Soletair Technology

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The Soletair process, developed by VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland and Lappeenranta University of Technology, is using carbon dioxide and solar power to produce renewable fuels and chemicals and has reached an end-to-end small

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Making Ethanol from CO2 at ORNL Sparks Considerable Interest

by Carolyn Krause (OakRidger)  ...   According to the video, the ORNL nanotechnology researchers were experimenting with graphene, a single layer of carbon atoms linked together in hexagons somewhat like chicken wire. Their intention was to use this nanomaterial to stimulate

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ND Ethanol Plant Could Become First in US to Store Carbon Underground

by Ellie Potter (Grand Forks Herald) Red Trail Energy may soon be the first ethanol plant in the United States to store carbon dioxide underground as part of an environmental and economic effort. Last month, U.S. Sen. John Hoeven, R-N.D., secured

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Carbon Dioxide from Flue Gas v. Concentrated By-Product Chemical Sources; and the Impact of Distribution Costs on Economic Feasibility

by Sam A. Rushing (Advanced Cryogenics, Ltd./Biofuels Digest)  ... Concentrated by-product sources such as ethanol v. Lean flue gas fermentation is a critical part of the merchant co2 supply network in north america, particularly in the united states. The lion’s share of

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Scania Euro 6 Ethanol Truck Joins the Exhibition Next Week!

(Svebio)  We’re pleased to inform that the Scania Euro 6 ethanol truck joins the vehicle exhibition at Advanced Biofuels Conference next week. Time to change the game Globally, transport is a major source of fossil CO2 emissions. On the bright side, this

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The Commission's Proposal on the Revision of the Renewable Energies Directive (RED II): Impacts on Bio-Based Materials and CO 2 Use

(Bio-Based News (Google Translation))  The nova Institute has analyzed the Commission's new RED II proposal and presented the most important results in one paper. CO 2 -based fuels are on the up, but the uneven treatment of the bio-based materials remains.

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COSIA NRG Carbon XPRIZE: Tech Innovators Stalk a Stealthy WMD

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ... Among the climate warriors fighting CO2 build-up, perhaps the most ambitious are those who are seeking to use CO2 to make industrial materials, fuels or chemicals — displacing the need to use oil or gas

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The Quest to Capture and Store Carbon – and Slow Climate Change — Just Reached a New Milestone

by Chris Mooney (The Washington Post)  A new large-scale technology has launched in Decatur, Illinois that, by combining together corn-based fuels with the burial of carbon dioxide deep underground, could potentially result in the active removal of greenhouse gases from the

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US-Based Researchers Develop System for Converting Waste Methane to Microbial Biomass

by Liz Gyekye  (Bioenergy Insight)  A new paper by researchers at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) describes a process that captures methane from natural gas and biogas and that uses photosynthesis to convert it into biomass feedstock. The new paper is called ‘A

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UAI Challenges CRC Ethanol Study, Calls Test Procedures Flawed

(Ethanol Producer Magazine)  The Urban Air Initiative is calling the results of a new Coordinating Research Council emissions study “one more example of the biased and flawed testing procedures used to penalize ethanol.” The ethanol advocacy group said Wednesday CRC’s match

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Argonne National Laboratory Develops New System to Enhance AD Process

(Bioenergy Insight)  US-based science and engineering centre Argonne National Laboratory has developed technology that synergistically uses two waste biomass streams to generate two bioproducts and enhance the process of anaerobic digestion (AD). According to the organisation, the digestion of wastewater can

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BETO Publishes Analysis of Biofuels and Bioproducts from Wet and Gaseous Waste Streams

(U.S. Department of Energy)  ... U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) announced the publication of a report, titled Biofuels and Bioproducts from Wet and Gaseous Waste Streams: Challenges and Opportunities. The report is the first comprehensive assessment of

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Singapore Budget 2017: 6 Things to Know about the New Carbon Tax, Tweaked Vehicle Emissions Schemes

by Lydia Lam (Straits Times)  Singapore plans to implement a carbon tax from 2019, Finance Minister Heng Swee Keat announced in Parliament on Monday (Feb 20) as part of his Budget 2017 speech. Mr Heng also announced adjustments to two vehicle

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Europe Needs a Higher Price on Carbon

(Bloomberg)  Europe’s promise to lower greenhouse-gas emissions looked bright a dozen years ago, when its leaders created the first big market for trading carbon permits. Sadly, though, its system has failed to encourage investment in clean technology and appreciably lower

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Ethanol Industry Provides Critical CO2 Supply

by Steffen Mueller (University of Illinois at Chicago/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Strategically located ethanol sources cannot be economically replaced.  --  Carbon dioxide sourced from corn-ethanol plants is not a waste-recovery product but a coproduct that, in many regions, can only be

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Advances in Biofeedstocks and Biofuels, Volume One: Biofeedstocks and Their Processing

(Scrivener Publishing)  The most comprehensive and up-to-date treatment of all the possible aspects for biofeedstock processing and the production of energy from biofeedstocks. Audience Chemical engineers, petroleum engineers, process engineers, students in chemical engineering, biotechnology, petroleum engineering, agricultural biotechnology, applied microbiology, environmental

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Ending Fossil Fuel Production Subsidies Cuts Greenhouse Gas Emissions by 37 Gt over 2017-2050; Study

(International Institute for Sustainable Development/PressReleasePoint)  A complete removal of subsidies for the production of fossil fuels today would result in a steady decline in greenhouse gas emissions between now and 2050 as more oil, gas and coal is left in

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Ethanol Industry Provides Critical CO2 Supply

by  Steffen Mueller (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Strategically located ethanol sources cannot be economically replaced.  --  Carbon dioxide sourced from corn-ethanol plants is not a waste-recovery product but a coproduct that, in many regions, can only be replaced by higher-emitting, less-economical

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Mixotrophic Algae: The Digest’s 2017 Multi-Slide Guide to BioProcess Algae

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  BPA designs, builds, and operates commercial scale Grower Harvester bioreactors that enable efficient conversion of light and CO2 into high value microbial feedstock. BioProcess Algae LLC is based in Omaha, Neb. and is currently running

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Transport CO2 Isn't Slowing Just Yet

by Anthony Adragna  (Politico's Morning Energy)   Global carbon dioxide emissions in 2050 are expected to be at the same level as in 2015 - at around 7.5 gigatons - as the use of cars doubles and overall transport demand keeps

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Land-Use Change Possibly Produces More Carbon Dioxide than Assumed So Far

(Karlsruhe Institute of Technology)  Climate Researchers Study Impacts of Land-use Change on Carbon Dioxide - Reforestation Is Important to Climate Protection and Species Diversity – Study in Nature Geoscience  --  CO2 emissions caused by changes of land use may possibly

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Ethanol CO2 & Concrete Cement a Relationship

by Ann Bailey (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  CarbonCure Technologies strengthens concrete while reducing its carbon footprint. --  Carbon dioxide from a Wisconsin ethanol plant is strengthening the cement in pours at sites in Chicago. Ozinga, a fourth-generation, family-owned business in Illinois

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Boosting Ethanol’s Value via CO2 Use: The Digest’s Multi-Slide Guide to White Dog Labs

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  US-based White Dog Labs have developed a new process that eliminates the production of CO2, a potent greenhouse gas, during fermentation and instead shifts the carbon to added ethanol production, boosting fermentation yields by around

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Power Sector Carbon Dioxide Emissions Fall Below Transportation Sector Emissions

(U.S. Energy Information Administration)  U.S. carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from the transportation sector reached 1,893 million metric tons (MMmt) from October 2015 through September 2016, exceeding electric power sector CO2 emissions of 1,803 MMmt over the same time period. On

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BETO Publishes Analysis of Biofuels and Bioproducts from Wet and Gaseous Waste Streams

(U.S. Department of Energy)  Today (January 10, 2017) the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) announced the publication of a report, titled Biofuels and Bioproducts from Wet and Gaseous Waste Streams: Challenges and Opportunities. The report is the

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From Waste CO2 to Everyday Products: The Digest’s 2017 Multi-Slide Guide to Liquid Light Technology

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  We reported this week that Avantium has acquired Liquid Light’s assets and will take the technology forward. Liquid Light developed electrocatalytic technology to make major chemicals from low-cost, globally abundant carbon dioxide.  The company’s technoloigy

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EPA Denies Petition Filed by Biogenic CO2 Coalition

by Erin Voegele (Biomass Magazine)  The U.S. EPA has denied a petition for reconsideration of its finding that greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from aircraft cause or contribute to air pollution that may be reasonably anticipated to endanger public health and

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Decentralized Organics to Energy with Containerized Anaerobic Digestion

by John D. Forcier (Lee Enterprises Consulting, Inc./Biofuels Digest)  Most trash and recycled waste materials are being processed on a regional basis to maximize the economy of scale. There have been various attempts to gather and process organic waste materials

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Replacing Diesel: The Digest’s 2017 Multi-Slide Guide to Oberon Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Oberon Fuels is facilitating the growth of the DME transportation industry by converting biogas and other hydrocarbon rich waste streams to higher valued commodities such as DME. Using its proprietary small-scale process, Oberon makes DME

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UCI Scientists Identify a New Approach to Recycle Greenhouse Gas

(University of California, Irvine)  Using a novel approach involving a key enzyme that helps regulate global nitrogen, University of California, Irvine molecular biologists have discovered an effective way to convert carbon dioxide (CO2) to carbon monoxide (CO) that can be

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Researchers Learn How a Bacterium Reduces CO2 in Biofuel Production

by Kathleen Tuck (Boise State University)  A paper co-authored by Lisa Warner, an assistant research professor in the Biomolecular Research Center, looks at how Clostridium thermocellum breaks down and converts cellulosic biomass to produce biofuels, including hydrogen and hydrocarbons, while

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Renewable Energy to Fuels Through Utilization of Energy-Dense Liquids: The Digest’s Multi-Slide Guide to ARPA-E’s 17 REFUEL Winning Projects

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)   It’s about converting renewable power to fuels for storage and back to power again for electric motoring. The Renewable Energy to Fuels Through Utilization of Energy-Dense Liquids (REFUEL) program seeks to develop scalable technologies

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ROOTS, REFUEL, MARINER & Algae: DOE Invests $100M for 4 Big Shots at Liquid Transportation Fuels & Feedstocks

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  It may be a sign of the times, a sense of worry that R&D for renewable transport fuels may lose all their popularity under the incoming Trump Administration. Whatever the cause, the biggest set of projects

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ARPA-E Announces $70 Million in Funding for New Programs to Power Transportation and Store Carbon in Soil

(U.S. Department of Energy)  Selection of 26 projects across two programs will make transportation cleaner and mitigate carbon dioxide emissions  --  The Energy Department’s Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E) today announced up to $70 million in funding for its two

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Second Chance Carbon: The Digest’s 2016 Multi-Slide Guide to LanzaTech

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  LanzaTech has developed a fully sustainable integrative gas to fuels and chemicals platform that has no impact on food, water security or high biodiversity land use. LanzaTech’s gas fermentation platform disrupts the current highly centralized global

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crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude oil Cuba cup plant cuphea currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cusi cutworm caterpillars cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) cylindro Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs d-5 D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D20 (20%DME) D5 (5%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA date kernel oil date palm date palm pits date palm waste Dates DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act deficit definitions deforestation defossilization Dehydration Delaware DeltaWing demonstration demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify density Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security 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drought drought tolerant drought-resistant dry ice dual cropping Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E100 E100 conversion kit E11 E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E2 E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E3 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E70 diesel E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency egg shell Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric Vehicle (EV) Prices electric grid electricity electricity price electricity/power generation electricity/power transmission electrocatalysis electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels (e-fuels) electrofuels (e-fuels) prices electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) electrons Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants embargo eminent domain emissions emissions standards EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 EN 228 EN 590 EN228 (standard pump gasoline) end user end-of-life Endangered Species Act (ESA) Energy Bill energy cane energy consumption energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy prices energy reserves Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine Development engine problems Engine/Fuel Co-optimization engineering England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment environmental impact study (EIS) environmental justice/socially inclusive environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Environmentalists Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic depolymerization enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling Enzyme solicitation enzymes EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) Equatorial Guinea equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) etha ethane ethanol ethanol benefits ethanol blend wall ethanol blended diesel ED ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol emissions ethanol ether diesel fuel ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol to gas ethanol tolerance ethanol-fueled aircraft Ethanol-to-Gasoline (ETG) ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/diesel ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethyl levulinate (EL) ethylbenzene ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order executive order--state Extended Range Electric Vehicle (EREV) externalities extremophiles f F Factor F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farmers farming farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation Feedstocks fermentation ferry fertilizer fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) Fischer-Tropsch/FT fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources Forest Service forestry forklifts Formate formic acid fossil carbon fossil fuel Frace fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud free fatty acids (FFA) Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon gallium Gambia games gas prices gas tax/highway user fee gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gasoline-range hydrocarbons Gemany General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Gerrmany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) Intensity giant cane giant kelp Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect Global South global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grain sorghum/milo grain speculators grains GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery green/black economy Greenland GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Guinea Bissau Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP gypsum h Haiti Halophytes harvest site processing harvesting Hawai'i hay hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ HDO-SAK (hydro deoxygenated synthetic aromatic kerosene) health health benefits health effects heat of combustion heat of vaporization heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) high octane low carbon (HOLC) fuel High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 HVO20 HVO30 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrid ships hybrids hydrocarbon fuels Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydroformylation hydrogen aircraft hydrogen carrier hydrogen combustion engines hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen leaks hydrogen pipeline hydrogen price hydrogen pumps/fueling stations hydrogen tax credit hydrogen terminal Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Price hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogenolysis hydropower Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal gasification hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois Illiois illuppai ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indian beech tree Indian grass Indiana indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial burners industrial ethanol industrial gases industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated biorefineries integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine (ICE) internal combustion engine (ICE)/gasoline engine ban International international balance of payments International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Sustainability and Carbon Certification model(ISCC) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit Invvesting ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron iron oxide IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isobutylene isomerisation isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica jamelão Japan jatobá Jatropha Jersey Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 jet B Jetfuel (Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs Joint Office of Energy and Transportation jojoba Jordan JP-10 JP-4 JP-5/NATO F-44 JP-8/NATO F-34 juniper Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kalanchoe kamani Kans grass Kansas Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati knotweed Knowledge Discovery Framework Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kulpa kusum Kuwait Kygryzstan labels labor policy Labrador lactic acid lactose Lake County lamp oil land ownership land prices land rights land subsidence land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy landfill methane Landfills landscape Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead Leadtree leaf ant Lebanon lecithin legislation Legislation-Federal 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microbiology microorganisms/microbes microwave Mid-Atlantic Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military reserves military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels milk permeate millennium fruit millet millettia pinnata milo stover mineralization minerals mining Minn Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold molinia molybdenum MON (Motor Octane Number) Monaco Mongolia mongongo monitoring/measuring reporting verifiction (MRV) Montana Montenegro moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles motors MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES2014 MOVES3 (MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator model) Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed mvr Myanmar n-butanol n-butene nahar Namibia nano nano particles nanocatalysts 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Nevada New Brunswick new fuel approval New Guinea New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New South Wales New York New Zealand Newfoundland Newfoundland and Labrador next generation biofuels next generation vehicles NHRA drag racing Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrogen starvation nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota North Korea Northeast northern catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory Northwest Territories Norwary Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds nuclear Nunavut nut shells nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition oak oat hulls oat straw oats Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy Office of Science and 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