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Progress in Commercialization of Biojet /Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF): Technologies, Potential and Challenges

by Susan van Dyk and Jack Saddler (IEA Bioenergy Task 39) Biojet/ Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) must play a major role if the aviation sector is to significantly reduce its carbon footprint. To meet its carbon reduction targets, large volumes

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Challenges in Determining the Renewable Content of the Final Fuels after Co-processing Biogenic Feedstocks in the Fluid Catalytic Cracker (FCC) of a Commercial Oil Refinery

by Jianping Su, Liang Cao, Gary Lee, Jonathan Tyler, Anna Ringsred, Michael Rensing, Susan van Dyk,  Don O'Connor Robert Pinchu, Jack (John)Saddler (Fuel)  • FCC co-processing has been commercialised using oleochemical feedstocks. • A new method based on step change mass balance

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Petrobras and Vibra Test Diesel with Renewable Content on Bus Lines in Curitiba

(Petrobras) Petrobras and Vibra will begin, in January, tests with the new Diesel R5 (with 5% renewable content), produced at the Getúlio Vargas Refinery (Repar). Three bus lines operated by Auto Viação Redentor, in Curitiba, Paraná, will run on the new fuel

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Brazil's Petrobras to Start Testing Renewable Diesel with Customers in January

by Marta Nogueira (Reuters) Brazil's state-run oil company Petrobras (PETR4.SA) will start testing new renewable diesel based on co-processed edible oils with customers in January, while awaiting regulatory approval to sell it commercially, the company's refining director told Reuters. The tests are expected to

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FAA Research Grants Aim to Tackle Aviation’s Massive Deficit of Greener Fuel

by Leslie Josephs (CNBC)  -Sustainable aviation fuel accounts for much less than 1% of global aviation fuel.  -The FAA is giving research grants in effect to help drive down the high cost of greener sustainable fuel.  -Airlines, trade groups and

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OMV, Austrian Airlines Take off with Sustainable Aviation Fuel

(Austrian Airlines/Biobased Diesel Daily) For the first time ever, OMV and Austrian Airlines are producing and using regional sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) in Austria. The two companies agreed on the production and fueling of 1,500 metric tons of SAF in 2022.

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Climate Bill Rekindles Debate over Biodiesel Tax Breaks

by Marc Heller (E&E News) Thirteen years ago, Congress decided a tax credit for companies that blend biodiesel shouldn’t go to refineries that put just a drop of the alternative fuel’s main ingredient — crops, animal fat and other organic material

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Growth Energy: EPA Proposal a Mixed Bag for Biofuels Industry: Proposal Shows Strong Movement on SREs and 2022 RVOs but Illegally Rolls Back 2020 RVOs Public Comments DEADLINE: February 4, 2022

(Growth Energy) Today (December 7, 2021), Growth Energy CEO Emily Skor offered a mixed review of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) proposed rulemaking regarding domestic biofuels blending requirements under the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS). The agency’s proposed Renewable Volume Obligations (RVOs)

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Indonesia Prepares Strategic Plan for Developing Biodiesel

(AntaraNews.com)   Energy and Mineral Resources Minister Arifin Tasrif has said that his ministry is currently preparing a strategic plan for developing Biodiesel 40 (B40), which contains 40 percent biofuel and 60 percent diesel. "Several strategies are being carried out to develop

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Air bp Announces NEtJets Europe to Purchase Certified SAF

(Biofuels International) Air bp has announced its first sale of ISCC PLUS certified sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) in Spain. Air bp’s aviation customer NetJets Europe became the first to purchase the fuel earlier in the summer. The SAF is supplied locally

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ABFC Releases Annual ‘Biofuels in Canada’ 2021 Report with Expanded Scope, 2020 Data

(Advanced Biofuels Canada) Advanced Biofuels Canada (ABFC) announced the release of the Biofuels in Canada 2021 (BIC) report, with full open-source access to Canadian market data for renewable, low-carbon, and conventional fuels. This report is fifth in a series commissioned annually

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ABFC Releases Annual ‘Biofuels in Canada’ 2021 Report with Expanded Scope, 2020 Data

(Advanced Biofuels Canada/EIN News) Advanced Biofuels Canada (ABFC) announced the release of the Biofuels in Canada 2021 (BIC) report, with full open-source access to Canadian market data for renewable, low-carbon, and conventional fuels. This report is fifth in a series commissioned

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Argonne National Laboratory Releases 2021 GREET Update

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) Argonne National Laboratory’s Systems Assessment Center on Oct. 11 announced the 2021 release of the suite of GREET models, an analytical tool that stimulates the energy use and emissions output of vehicle and fuel combinations. Major

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bp Investing almost $270 Million to Improve Efficiency, Reduce Emissions and Grow Renewable Diesel Production at Cherry Point Refinery

(bp) Estimated to reduce refinery’s operational carbon dioxide emissions by approximately 160,000 tons per year, or seven percent; To double capability to produce renewable diesel1 Expected to create more than 300 jobs over the next three years bp today (October 4,

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Crossbridge Energy Heading for a Greener Future

(Crossbridge Energy Partners)  Crossbridge Energy Partners (“Crossbridge”) announces it has acquired the former Shell Refinery in Fredericia, Denmark, with the associated Trading & Supply activities, effective as of July 1, 2021. Crossbridge seeks to acquire, manage, and transform traditional energy assets

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US Refiners Delve Deeper into SAF Production on Policy Support Hopes

(Hellenic Shipping News)  Some US refiners are considering adding sustainable aviation fuel to their renewable diesel production plans, spurred by higher demand from airlines seeking lower carbon footprints and the likelihood of increased policy support, some analysts said. “Jet and diesel are

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Honeywell and Preem Conduct Commercial Co-Processing Trial to Produce Renewable Fuel

(Honeywell UOP)  Honeywell UOP’s Optimix GF feed distributor successfully enabled co-processing trial with biomass-based pyrolysis oil; Trial at Preem’s Lysekil refinery marks UOP’s 6th commercial co-processing trial in an FCC and the first trial in Scandinavia  --  Honeywell announced today the

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Exclusive-Exxon, Chevron Look to Make Renewable Fuels without Costly Refinery Upgrades -sources

by Laura Sanicola  (Reuters) ... The companies (Exxon and Chevron) are looking into how to process bio-based feedstocks like vegetable oils and partially-processed biofuels with petroleum distillates to make renewable diesel, sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) and renewable gasoline, without meaningfully increasing

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Tech, Feedstock Winners Still to Be Declared as Biofuels Sector Develops

by Tom Brown (ICIS/Biofuels Digest)  ... A factor that could stand to drive wider deployment of biofuels could be its relative maturity compared to other emissions-reduction technologies, particularly for heavy industry, with around half of the innovations that are likely to

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Biogenic Carbon Fuels, Co-Processing Strategies: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to Coprocessing Bio-oils in Refineries

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Leveraging existing refining infrastructure leverages billions US$ in CAPEX and 5 million bpd of crude refining. NREL, PNNL, and LANL is tackling how to accelerate adoption of co-processing biomass-derived feedstocks with petroleum streams in operating

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EU SAF Blending Mandate Proposals Ambitious but Feasible, Says SkyNRG Analysis Report

by Christopher Surgenor  (GreenAir Online)  An analysis by major sustainable aviation fuels (SAF) supplier SkyNRG of the European Commission’s ReFuelEU Aviation initiative, part of the ‘Fit for 55’ package of legislative proposals unveiled last week, shows around 300 SAF plants

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Tidewater Midstream Announces the Creation of Tidewater Renewables and Capitalization via Initial Public Offering

(Tidewater Midstream/CISION) Tidewater Midstream and Infrastructure Ltd. ("Tidewater Midstream") is pleased to announce the creation of Tidewater Renewables Ltd. ("Tidewater Renewables") as a wholly owned subsidiary. Tidewater Renewables has been formed to become a multi-faceted, energy transition company focusing on the

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Air bp Announces NetJets Europe First to Purchase Its ISCC PLUS Certified Sustainable Aviation Fuel

(Air bp) • NetJets Europe became the first customer to purchase Air bp’s ISCC PLUS certified sustainable aviation fuel (SAF)* in Spain.  • The SAF is supplied from bp’s Castellon refinery and made available within the Spanish airport network, following

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Renewable Diesel Backs into UCO

by Tom Bryan (Biodiesel Magazine) The low-quality, low-carbon byproduct of restaurant fryer grease, once largely reserved for modestly-sized biodiesel production, is now a darling input of the industry's new mega plants. Used cooking oil is in high demand as renewable

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Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) from Liquefaction

by John Holladay and Zia Haq (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and U.S. DOE, Bioenergy Technologies Office) In November 2020, PNNL facilitated an international workshop on HTL for SAF production. Present an overview of findings • Quick overview of HTL • Details from the

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Preem Will Supply Microsoft with Low-Carbon Fuel for Its Sweden Datacenters

(Preem/CISION)  Microsoft is establishing a new cloud region in Sweden that will be powered by 100 percent renewable energy and be among the most sustainably designed and operated in the world. Microsoft’s datacenters include generators to provide essential backup power

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Haldor Topsoe and Preem Achieve 85% Co-processing of Renewable Feedstock

by Ulrik Frøhlke (Haldor Topsoe) -Haldor Topsoe has revamped Preem’s renewable hydrotreater unit at their refinery in Gothenburg, Sweden. -The hydrotreater is now able to co-process 85% renewable feedstock utilizing Topsoe’s HydroFlex™ technology. -The unit has a capacity of 6,600

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'Groundbreaking' Biofuels Bill Enters Final Stages: VDB

by Sophie Barthel (Argus Media) The environment committee of the German parliament, the Bundestag, agreed today on a final draft law aimed to transpose the recast of the Renewable Energy Directive (RED II), the country's biofuels industry association VDB said today. The bill,

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Department of Energy Selects Four Projects to Move Co-Optimized Biofuels and Combustion Engines Closer to Market

(U.S. Department of Energy) Today, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) announced the selection of four projects totaling $1 million to conduct cutting-edge applied research and development concerning the interaction between promising biofuels and combustion engines. The projects will leverage a

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Renewable Diesel Kicks off 2021 with Conversions, Capacity Increases, New Feedstocks and More

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) ... What is the overall demand and market like? What about feedstock innovations? Are there clear technology winners? In today’s Digest, some new facilities, some conversions, some increased capacity, what are the key trends

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Coprocessing at Diesel Refinery: bp Products, North America — Cherry Point Refinery | Blaine, Washington

(EcoEngineers) bp’s Cherry Point Refinery is the first refinery in the Pacific Northwest capable of manufacturing diesel made from biomass-based feedstocks, which are processed alongside conventional feedstocks in an existing ultralow-sulfur diesel unit. Renewable diesel has the same properties as conventional ultralow-sulfur

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MOL Group Starts Innovative Biofuel Production

(TradeArabia News Service)  Following several years of research and development MOL has stepped up the value chain and has become a biofuel producer, through the realisation of an investment in the Danube Refinery.  Bio feedstock will be co-processed together with fossil materials

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OMV to Pilot Glycerin-to-Propanol Process in Austria

by Ron Kotrba (Biobased Diesel Daily)  Austria-based oil and gas company OMV is making plans to invest 30 million euros to build a pilot plant at its Schwechat refinery outside of Vienna to produce biobased propanol from glycerin, a byproduct

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Tidewater Midstream and Infrastructure Provides an Update on Renewable Energy Initiatives

(JWN Energy) Tidewater Midstream and Infrastructure Ltd. ("Tidewater" or the "Company") is pleased to provide an update on various renewable energy initiatives it has been undertaking over the past 6-12 months. These initiatives include opportunities in renewable diesel, co-processing, renewable hydrogen,

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CAC Builds Biofuel Plant for OMV in Schwechat, Austria

(Chemieanlagenbau Chemnitz)  CAC is building one of the first biofuel plants in Europe incorporating innovative co-processing technology for its customer OMV. OMV invests nearly 200 million euros in industrial plant following development of innovative co-processing technology. Chemieanlagenbau Chemnitz (CAC) has been assigned

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Enel Green Power and Saras Team up to Develop Green Hydrogen

(Enel Group) A memorandum of intent has been signed to develop a project to supply green hydrogen to the Sarroch refinery; The project involves using an electrolyzer of around 20 MW powered exclusively by renewable energy -- Enel Green Power and

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Brazilian Ministry Discusses Biodiesel Mandate, Efforts toward Renewable Diesel Public Policy

by Ron Kotrba (Biobased Diesel Daily) In December, Brazil’s Ministry of Mines and Energy ratified its support for the National Biodiesel Production and Use Program and the National Biofuel Policy, which call for a mandatory 15 percent biodiesel blend in the

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Neste Successfully Completed Its First Industrial-Scale Processing Run with Liquefied Waste Plastic in Finland

(Neste) Neste has a target to process annually over 1 million tons of waste plastic from 2030 onwards. The company plans to use liquefied plastic waste as a raw material at its fossil oil refinery to upgrade it into high-quality drop-in

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OMV to Coprocess Renewable Diesel at Schwechat Refinery Near Vienna

by Ron Kotrba (Bio-based Diesel Daily) Multinational oil, gas and petrochemical company based in Vienna, Austria, is investing 200 million euros at its Schwechat refinery southeast of Vienna to co-process up to 160,000 metric tons of vegetable oils—including used cooking oil

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Measuring the Uncertainty of Renewable Diesel Projects

by Dave Collings (1898 & Co./Burns & McDonnell) Renewable diesel — also known as green diesel, hydrotreated vegetable oil, or hydrotreated esters and fatty acids — has now gained widespread attention throughout the world. This growing interest is turning into

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Is Your Renewable Diesel Project Sustainable?

by Dave Collings (1898 & Co./Burns & McDonnell) For organizations looking to develop, construct and commission a new renewable diesel plant, it’s important to understand the various market conditions at play to avoid poorly made investments and the pitfalls of lost

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Canada Unveils Its New Clean Fuels Standard, Carbon Price, and $2.25B in New Sector Investment

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) In Canada, the federal Department of Environment and Climate Change Canada has focused its new Clean Fuel Standard on  liquid fossil fuels. released its updated climate and clean growth plan, A Healthy Environment and a Healthy Economy. The government

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Is the Future Diesel-Free? 7 Hard Questions about Diesel, Biofuels and ICEs

by Samuel Morgan (Neste) The whole transport industry agrees on the need to decarbonize traffic fast. However, there’s confusion on what that means for diesel, renewable diesel and the internal combustion engine. Are their days numbered?  Questions answered:  How long will diesel

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S&P Global Platts Launches Renewable Diesel Values in United States

(S&P Global Platts/Markets Insider)  S&P Global Platts ("Platts"), the leading independent provider of information and benchmark prices for the commodities and energy markets, today announced the launch of renewable diesel values for the Americas. These daily assessments bring transparency to

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West Coast Company Supports B.C.’s Green Targets by Turning Waste into Biofuel

(BIV.com) West Coast Reduction Ltd. was recycling long before environmental sustainability was a consideration. The company is now instrumental in helping B.C. achieve its greenhouse gas reduction targets by supporting next-generation biofuel production. West Coast Reduction is the largest supplier of liquid renewable

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OMV Petrom: Investments of EUR ~21 mn at Petrobrazi to Increase the Bio-Blending Capacity

(OMV Petrom)  OMV Petrom increased the annual bio-blending capacity at Petrobrazi from 200 kilotons to approximately 350 kilotons in order to supply fuels with increased quantities of bio-components into finished products;  The use of fuels with increased bio-content contributes to

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Canola Seen Gaining Ground as Biofuel during COVID-19

by Sean Pratt (Western Producer) A drop in used cooking oil supplies because of the pandemic’s effect on restaurants has opened a door for the oilseed  --  COVID-19 is boosting the use of canola oil in the biofuel sector, says

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Renewable Fuel Production Begins at Preem's Refinery in Lysekil

(Lysekil) For the first time, renewable raw materials are being converted to Swedish Environmental Class 1 diesel at Preem's refinery in Lysekil. The aim is to annually produce up to 950,000 cubic meters of renewable fuel by 2024. This is part of

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Manta Biofuels Launches Crowd Investment Campaign

by Joanne Ivancic* (Advanced Biofuels USA)   This week, Manta Biofuels has launched a crowd investment campaign on Republic and began reaching out to colleagues, business associates, mentors and friends, offering them a chance to invest in this growing business. Dedicated to

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PKN ORLEN Aims to Be Emissions-Neutral by 2050

(Biofuels International)  PKN ORLEN is the first oil company in central Europe to declare an aspiration towards achieving emission neutrality by 2050. In order to reach this goal by 2030 the company will reduce CO2 emissions from its current refining and petrochemical

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A Testing Route to Market for Sustainable Aviation Fuels

by Steve Zabarnick (University of Dayton Research Institute)  With increasing demand for a greater variety of sustainable alternative aviation fuels, the importance of a systematic pathway for the accurate testing, validation and approval of alternative jet fuels has never been more

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Commercial Status of Direct Thermochemical Liquefaction Technologies

(EIA Bioenergy) Direct thermochemical liquefaction (DTL) of biomass is an important pathway to bioenergy and biochemical production in the circular economy. The aim of this report is to highlight how DTL technologies currently have a role to play in mobilising

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Total Eyes further HVO Expansion

by Adam Porter (Argus Media) Total said today that it plans to add an additional 300,000 t/yr of hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) production capacity in Europe. It is also considering introducing HVO capacity at refineries in Texas and South Korea to

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BASF Partner with New Energy for Uptake of Pyrolysis Oil Derived from Waste Tires.

by Luke Upton (BioMarket Insights) BASF has signed an uptake supply agreement with the Hungary based New Energy, a technology company specialized in the pyrolysis of waste tires. According to the agreement, New Energy will supply BASF with up to 4,000

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PKN ORLEN to Be Emission-Neutral by 2050

(Orlen) PKN ORLEN is the first oil company in Central Europe to declare aspiration to achieve emission neutrality by 2050. In order to reach this goal, by 2030 the company will reduce CO2 emissions from its current refining and petrochemical assets by

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Track the Sudden Conversion to Renewable Fuels

(The Jacobsen Publishing / PR Newswire) The Jacobsen Publishing has launched a hub for tracking the rapidly changing landscape of fuel producers adopting renewables, with a focus on renewable diesel, sustainable aviation fuels and co-processing operations. The special coverage includes tracking on:

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Pertamina to Scale up Renewable Diesel Production in Indonesia

by Ron Kotrba (Biodiesel Magazine) Following a successful production trial of 100 percent renewable diesel (RD100), Indonesia’s state-owned oil company Pertamina is ready to scale up its investments in renewable diesel, biobased jet fuel and green gasoline. Pertamina concluded a production trial

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Italy's Saras Eyes HVO, Ethanol Expansion at Sarroch

by Adam Porter (Argus Media) Italian refiner Saras is looking to boost production of biofuels, including hydro-treated vegetable oil (HVO), at its 300,000 b/d Sarroch unit on Sardinia. -- Chief executive Dario Scaffardi said the refiner wants to increase co-processed HVO

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Top Renewable Diesel Projects and Pathways: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to Renewable Diesel Now

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) If you missed last week’s DigestConnect webinar, have no fear, the full deck is here! From 11 pathways on who’s doing what, how and with what, 21 projects and who’s running them and where, 13

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Indonesia to Test Palm Oil in 'Green' Jet Fuel by Year-End

by Bernadette Christian Munthe and Fathin Ungku (Reuters)  ... The new jet fuel will be made in Pertamina’s existing facilities in Cilacap by “co-processing” crude oil with 3% refined, bleached and deodorised palm oil (RBDO), she said. Like Pertamina’s D100, Indonesia plans

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Brazil's Petrobras Develops a Greener Diesel than Biodiesel

(La Opinion de Murcia) Company claims it emits less gas and improves engine performance  -- Brazilian oil company Petrobras announced on Tuesday that it has successfully completed the tests of the results of a diesel that it developed from vegetable

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Swedish Industry Representatives Outline Key Credibility Principles for New Sector Sustainability Standard

(Sekab)  ISO developing a global mass balance standard for the industry; New standard to help drive shift towards recycled and renewable materials; Call to include traceability and transparency for credibility  -- The International Organization for Standardization (ISO), has started work to

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Department of Energy Selects Seven Projects to Accelerate Adoption of Performance-Advantaged Biofuels

(U.S. Department of Energy) Today (July 2, 2020), the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) announced the selection of seven projects totaling $1.94 million to conduct research and development to accelerate the adoption of performance-advantaged biofuel blendstocks. These fuels are derived from

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Jet Fuel from Junk

by Pamela Gregg  (University of Dayton Research Institute) ... ASTM International has approved the use of a synthetic oil derived from municipal waste in the manufacture of jet fuel at petroleum refineries. The co-processing of “syncrude” with petroleum at the refinery

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Petrobras Set for New Gasoline Specs, Will Test Renewable Diesel Production at REPAR

by Robert Brelsford (Oil & Gas Journal) ... Lara (Anelise Lara, Petrobras’s director of refining and natural gas) also said that, starting in July, Petrobras will begin carrying out production tests for renewable diesel at its 208,000-b/d Presidente Getúlio Vargas (REPAR)

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Advanced Biofuels USA Publishes Updated "What's the Difference between Biodiesel and Renewable (Green) Diesel?" Adds "What Renewable Fuels Can Be Used in Compression Ignition Engines?"

(Advanced Biofuels USA) Since 2011, one of Advanced Biofuels USA's most popular publications has been "What's the Difference between Biodiesel and Renewable (Green) Diesel?"  The update of this paper has been expanded to answer the question, "What Renewable Fuels Can

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Two New Alternative Jet Fuel Production Pathways Approved

(Commercial Aviation Alternative Fuels Initiative)  CAAFI is happy to announce the latest industry alternative jet fuel (AJF) Production Pathway approvals, and ASTM publication of: 1) A new ASTM D7566 alternative jet fuel production pathway: ASTM D7566 Annex A7 – Hydroprocessed Hydrocarbons

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New Capital Investment in Clean Fuels Will Help Drive Canada’s Economic Recovery and Growth

(Advanced Biofuels Canada) Clean Fuel Standard is key to attracting over $12 billion in advanced biofuels projects -- ... To inform clean fuel sector development, Advanced Biofuels Canada (ABFC) conducts an annual member survey to capture project-based data on capital investments

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Bioenergy Retrofits for Europe’s Industry – Handbook Published

(Netzwerk Biotreibstoffe) The BIOFIT consortium has now published a handbook on “Technical options for retrofitting industries with bioenergy”. The handbook includes arguments for retrofitting, describes the retrofitting process and its impact on public perception, summarizes the European biomass potential and logistics

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PNNL Brews Up Batch of Biocrude Oil

by Asanga Padmaperuma (U.S. Department of Energy/Pacific Northwest National Laboratory)  ... Spent grain is also an attractive feedstock for producing high quality biocrude oil that can be refined into transportation fuel. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) researchers recently achieved a

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Preem Selects HydroFlex™ for Renewable Fuels Plant with Potential to Save 2.5 Million Tons CO2

(Haldor-Topsoe) o Preem has chosen Haldor Topsoe’s HydroFlex™ renewable fuel technology to produce clean renewable diesel and jet fuel at their Gothenburg refinery in Sweden. --  o The 16,000 barrels-per-day unit will have a yearly production capacity of approximately one

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Minding the Cost Gap: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to IEA Bioenergy’s Cost Reduction for Biofuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Today’s top story, “Mind the Gap,” refers to a rather bleak and disturbing assessment offered by IEA Bioenergy on the prospects for cost-competitive advanced biofuels. The report looked at 89 different organizations and their technologies,

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Indonesia Plans B40 Biodiesel Road Tests in April

by Bernadette Christina Munthe, Wilda Asmarini (Reuters) Indonesia’s energy ministry plans to start road tests for a biodiesel programme with 40% bio-content (B40) in April, a government official said on Thursday. Indonesia, the world’s largest palm oil producer, last year had increased

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2020 Biodiesel Plant Map Reflections

by Ron Kotrba (Biodiesel Magazine)  Biodiesel Magazine highlights industry changes as discovered during the 2020 U.S. & Canada Biodiesel Plant Map data collection efforts.  ... Naturally, one recurring theme that kept rearing its ugly head was the toll that the

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The Bioeconomy Christmas: Uncle Sam puts $12B+ for Biomass-Based Diesel, Action on Biointermediates, Cellulosics, and Small Refinery Waivers into the Stocking This Year

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This week, Congressional leaders announced a five-year extension of the biomass-based diesel tax credit as part of a year-end tax extenders package.  As Christmas gifts go, the importance and value of this to the biomass-based diesel

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Lessons Learning on the Road to Commercialization: The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to Ensyn’s Demo to Commercial Path

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) We all know going from demo to commercial isn’t easy. Ensyn, a company that produces biocrude from forest and agricultural residues using its proprietary thermal technology and focuses on low carbon fuels and chemicals, knows all

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Everfuel, Shell to Collaborate on a Large-Scale Hydrogen Plant in Denmark

(Bioenergy International) In Denmark, hydrogen infrastructure developer Everfuel Denmark A/S and A/S Dansk Shell – the Shell Refinery in Fredericia, and partners have entered into strategic cooperation on the future supply of the transport sector with green energy in the

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Commercializing Conventional and Advanced Transport Biofuels from Biomass and Other Renewable Feedstocks; Focus on Sweden

by Mahmood Ebadian, Jim McMillan and Jack Saddler  (IEA Bioenergy Task 39 Newsletter)  ...  Task 39’s main focus remains on drop-in biofuels for heavy duty transport, i.e., transport sectors where substantial electrification isn’t foreseen in the near-to-mid-term. It is recognized

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ÅF Pöyry Selected as St1’s Engineering Partner in a New Renewable Fuel Production Unit Investment Project in Gothenburg, Sweden

(ÅF Pöyry) St1 has awarded ÅF Pöyry with engineering assignment for a new renewable fuel production unit investment project. The new plant will be built in Gothenburg, Sweden, and is the largest single investment in St1's history. The investment is estimated

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WEBINAR: Drop-In Biofuels: The Key Role that Co-Processing Will Play in Their Production

(IEA Bioenergy/Netzwerk Betreibstoffe) Presentation online  This webinar presents the 2019 update of the 2014 IEA Bioenergy Task 39 “drop-in” biofuels report. It reviews the status of technologies, the progress of the various technical approaches and updates the successes, challenges and

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What You Need to Know about Using FPBO on Your FCC Unit

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) In the liquid energy market, it's no longer enough to have fuels which are "affordable and available but not sustainable", or "sustainable and available but not affordable". We've lived for a long time on "two out

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The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to Commercializing Conventional and Advanced Transport Biofuels from Biomass and Other Renewable Feedstocks

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Several of the better known IEA Bioenergy rock stars — there are four and possibly five in this set, from the US and Canada, so we’ll put them sort of on a par with Neil

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Forest Products Industry Barriers to Producing Biofuels

(Biorenewable Deployment Consortium) BDC is a 501c3 organization focused on education and brokering partnerships in order to accelerate the deployment of economic bioprocesses and assist the forest products industry to get the most value from the tree.  BDC membership represents

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WEBINAR Drop-In Biofuels: The Key Role that Co-Processing Will Play in Their Production --- September 25, 2019

Drop-in biofuels are “liquid bio-hydrocarbons that are functionally equivalent to petroleum fuels and fully compatible with existing petroleum refining and distribution infrastructure”. The predominant drop-in fuels produced today are made by converting ”conventional” oleochemical feedstocks such as vegetable oils, used cooking oils,

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Development Renewable Fuels Paper as Support to the UPEI 2050 Vision

by Eric van den Heuve (VOF studio Gear Up/UPEI)  In the world and in the EU in majority fossil liquid and gaseous fuels are the dominant fuels used in the transport sector. Renewable fuels only contribute about 5-6% of total

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Commercializing Conventional and Advanced Transport Biofuels from Biomass and Other Renewable Feedstocks -- Co-processing

(IEA Bioenergy Task 39) Many petroleum refiners in Europe, North America, Latin America and Asia are thinking about upgrading bio-feedstocks using existing infrastructure. Approximately 40 refineries around the world have so far implemented or tested some type of hydroprocessing of mixed

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ABFA: Letter Urges EPA to Finalize Provisions in REGS Rule

by Erin Voegele (Biomass Magazine)  A group of 15 companies sent a letter to Assistant EPA Administrator for Air and Radiation Bill Wehrum June 12 urging the agency to finalize provisions in the proposed renewable enhancement and growth support (REGS) rule

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Biofuels Industry Stakeholders Call on EPA to Remove RFS Regulatory Barriers

(Advanced Biofuels Association)  Today (June 12, 2019), member companies and organizations from the Advanced Biofuels Association (ABFA), the Coalition to Address Removal of Regulatory Impediments (CARRI), and others with interest in deploying sustainable fuels sent a letter to Assistant EPA Administrator

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Diesel Decarbonization Brings Transformative Opportunities for Next Generation Biodiesel Feedstocks

by William R. Thurmond (Emerging Markets Online/MENAFN)  New study finds next generation feedstock markets and technologies are big winners in diesel decarbonization initiatives for low carbon fuels. In the U.S., Canada, Europe, Asia, and Latin America, strong demand signals and incentives

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Sustainable Aviation Fuels: A Canadian Perspective: 2019

( Green Aviation Research and Development Network for Environment and Climate Change Canada)  ... Since 2009, the Green Aviation Research and Development Network (GARDN) has played a pioneering role in the development of SAF through collaborative research projects where cross-sectoral industrial and academic

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Indian Perspective on Bioenergy: The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to IndianOil Corp.

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  IndianOil has a 33,000-plus work-force, extensive refining, distribution & marketing infrastructure and advanced R&D facilities. In the country’s pursuit of alternative sources of energy, IndianOil is focusing on CNG (compressed natural gas), Autogas (LPG), ethanol blended

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Guidance on Qualifying an Analytical Method for Determining the Cellulosic Converted Fraction of Corn Kernel Fiber

(U.S. Environmental Protection Agency)  This document provides guidance on how to demonstrate that an analytical method for determining the cellulosic converted fraction of corn kernel fiber co-processed with starch at a traditional ethanol facility satisfies the applicable regulatory requirements. Public confidence

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REACHing for the Stars: The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to Mercurius Biorefining

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Mercurius Biorefining is developing its novel REACH process, which converts cellulosic biomass to hydrocarbons in the renewable diesel, aviation, and marine fuel ranges. Valuable by-products include bio-char and a bio-plastic monomer, FDCA. REACH (Renewable Acid-hydrolysis Condensation Hydrotreating)

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Where Will All the Feedstock Come From?

by Ron Kotrba (Biodiesel Magazine)  As a new wave of large-scale biomass-based diesel projects develops, experts suggest market forces are ready to deliver the necessary fats, oils and greases.  --  ...Many of these new biomass-based diesel projects intend to produce renewable diesel

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Biomass Biocrude: The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide ABLC Guide to Ensyn

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Ensyn produces a biocrude from forest and agricultural residues using its proprietary thermal technology. Dr. Robert G. Graham, Founder and Executive Chairman of Ensyn gave this illuminating overview of their growth in RFO, advancement in refinery co-processing, and

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PKN ORLEN Invests in Biofuels of the Future

(Petrol Plaza)  PKN ORLEN is launching an operational programme for biofuels to be based on three pillars – building biofuel production facilities, research and development work and operational adaptation of the logistics function. With its biofuels programme, the Company is preparing for

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New Report Finds EPA Could Be Doing Much More to Unlock Growth of Low-Carbon Biofuels

by Jesse Stolark (Environmental and Energy Study Institute)  ... The industry has been unable to produce the volumes called for under the advanced and cellulosic categories due to a variety of reasons – including the pace of technology, falling petroleum

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The Laws of Biofuels Deployment, and TACs that Whack: Heard on the Floor at the CAAFI Annual Meeting

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) ... This year, the TAC (Technical Advisory Committee of the Biomass R&D Board) did something about as audacious and rare as shouting loud praise of open markets and democratic values on the streets of Pyongyang. The

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Renewable Diesel Is Increasingly Used to Meet California’s Low Carbon Fuel Standard

by Steve Hanson and Neil Agarwal (U.S. Energy Information Administration)  ... Renewable diesel net supply to California’s fuel market has increased since the state’s Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) program went into effect in 2011, reaching 100 million gallons during the second

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Report on the Thermochemical Sciences Symposium at Auburn University

by Leyla Battista-Channell*  (Advanced Biofuels USA) Auburn, Alabama: Home to the Auburn tigers, the “loveliest village on the plains,” and this year’s host to the Thermochemical Sciences Symposium. Previously held at other universities, why Auburn University this year? The Biosystems

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The Complex Dynamics of Coprocessing

by Ron Kotrba (Biodiesel Magazine)  While oil refiners adding a small percentage of renewable feedstock to their operations sounds simple, the political, economic, technical, societal and market consequences are anything but.  In 2007, at the height of the biodiesel boom, ConocoPhillips and

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Public Work Group Meeting to Discuss Co-processing of Low-Carbon Feedstocks in Conventional Petroleum Refineries --- October 19, 2018 --- Sacramento, CA

(California Air Resources Board)  This event is intended to communicate staff guidance as well as solicit stakeholder feedback related to fuel pathway applications under the Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) Regulation involving facilities that co-process both petroleum-derived and non-petroleum-derived feedstocks in

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Determining the Renewability of Co-Processed Fuels

(UFOP/ECOFYS)  To report the biofuel content (i.e. the renewable share) of the outputs when biogenic and fossil components are coprocessed, a robust, consistent and transparent methodology is needed. There are several processes for which such a methodology could be relevant. For

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UFOP Position Paper Says Time Is Now for Biofuels

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest)  In Germany, UFOP published a position paper intended to appeal to decision-makers in politics, business and science on why biofuels can and should play a role in climate protection goals, especially with discussion about food vs. fuel

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Canadian Competition Aims to Develop Sustainable Aviation Fuels DEADLINE: February 2019

by Erin Voegele (Biomass Magazine)  Natural Resources Canada recently announced the Sky’s the Limit Challenge, which aims to stimulate the development of sustainable aviation fuel supply chains. The challenge consists of two competitions and aims to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions

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QUOTE OF THE WEEK -- Destin Singleton

A crude oil refinery in North Dakota is working on repurposing to make renewable diesel instead of  petroleum fuel.  Destin Singleton, an Andeavor spokeswoman explained that the proposal builds on a pilot project at the refinery that processes vegetable oil and

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Down to the Details: Kernel Fiber Now

by Lisa Gibson (Ethanol Producer Magazine) ... EcoEngineers’ Director of Engineering Jim Ramm details Kernel Fiber Now, a service that helps producers navigate their options with corn kernel fiber-to-ethanol technologies, RINs and more. With intense interest in corn kernel fiber-to-ethanol technologies,

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Biofuels Production and Consumption in the US: Status, Advances and Challenges

by Mahmood Ebadian and James D. McMillan (IEA Bioenergy Task 39 Newsletter)  ... The Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) was enacted in 2007 to enhance domestic production of fuels and spur economic development while reducing reliance on imports and improving the

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Advanced to Go: The Digest’s 2018 Multi-Slide Guide to Ensyn

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Ensyn uses its patented and proprietary RTP fast thermal technology to convert wood residues and other non-food, cellulosic biomass to liquid biofuels. Ensyn has had continuous commercial operations for more than 25 years.  Its technology has

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A Straighter, Shorter Pathway

by Sue Retka Schill (Biomass Magazine)  Seven years after the U.S. EPA published the final rule for administering the Renewable Fuel Standard, the path to getting corn kernel fiber-to-cellulosic ethanol approvals appears to be getting much shorter. Edeniq CEO Brian Thome reports

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UPS Reports on Renewable Diesel Performance, Calls for Bio-Crude Advancements to Increase Production

by Tom Quimby (Hard Working Trucks)  With both Ford and Chevy recently announcing diesel engine options for their 2019 ½-ton pickups, it’s safe to say that the nation’s oil-burners, despite ongoing emissions controversy, are not going away anytime soon. And interest in

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Brazil Bilateral: The Digest’s 2018 Multi-Slide Guide to US-Brazil R&D in Thermochemical Bio Conversion

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) The Brazil Bilateral is a co-operative R&D effort between Brazil’s Petrobras and the US National renewable Energy Laboratory. It aims to demonstrate technical and economic feasibility of co-processing raw fast pyrolysis oil in Fluid Catalytic Cracking

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CAAFI Highlights Sustainable Alternative Jet Fuel Activities of 2017 and Plans for 2018

by Joanne Ivancic* (Advanced Biofuels USA)  The  Commercial Aviation Alternative Fuels Initiative (CAAFI) has taken stock of its busy 2017 and has set priorities for 2018. Highlights on the sustainable alternative jet fuel (SAJF) front include development of many resources available

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Renewable Drop-In Fuels at Scale: The Digest’s 2017 Multi-Slide Guide to Ensyn

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Ensyn uses its patented and proprietary RTP fast thermal technology to convert wood residues and other non-food, cellulosic biomass to liquid biofuels. Ensyn has had continuous commercial operations for more than 25 years. Its technology has

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Ready for Take-Off: The Digest’s 2017 Multi-Slide Guide to Honeywell’s UOP and Aviation Biofuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Honeywell’s UOP has developed a renewable jet fuel processing technology, a renewable diesel process, as well as a joint venture, Envergent Technologies, that will market technologies and equipment for generating power, transportation fuel and heating

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Renewable Drop-In Fuels at Scale: The Digest’s 2016 Multi-Slide Guide to Ensyn

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Ensyn uses its patented and proprietary RTP fast thermal technology to convert wood residues and other non-food, cellulosic biomass to liquid biofuels. Ensyn has had continuous commercial operations for more than 25 years.  Its technology has

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Comment Period Opens on EPA Rule to Update RFS, Fuel Regulations

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) On Nov. 16, U.S. EPA’s proposed Renewable Enhancement and Growth Support rule was published in the Federal Register, officially opening a 60-day public comment period on the proposal. Comments are due Jan. 17. ... The proposal includes

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Biointermediates and U: A Potential Step Change in Advanced Biofuel Economics

by Antoine C. Schellinger (Biofuels Digest/ International Alliance Group)  ... The EPA has performed lifecycle analysis on certain pathways and published them in the CFR as approved pathways. They are labeled with sequential alphabetical characters and currently range from A to

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What’s Next for Advanced Biofuels?

by Michael McAdams (Advanced Biofuels Association/Biomass Magazine)  As for what is left to do after Congress returns on Nov. 15, extending existing biofuel tax credits are number one on the list. ... In early October, the U.S. EPA released a new set

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Strategic Intent: The Digest’s 2016 Multi-Slide Guide to Fibria, Lallemand

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  This season, The Digest is hosting the Strategic Intent webinar series, looking at the plans, progress and future milestones of strategic stakeholders in the Advanced Bioeconomy.  In this slide deck, we looked at Fibria and Lallemand and

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Drop-In Biofuel Developers See Promise in US EPA Rule Change

by Meghan Gordon (Platts)  US advanced biofuels production could get a boost under a rule change the Environmental Protection Agency is considering that would allow conventional refineries to receive renewable fuel credits for using drop-in biofuels when making gasoline and diesel. Developers

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Drop-In Biofuel Developers See Promise in US EPA Rule Change

by Meghan Gordon (Platts)  US advanced biofuels production could get a boost under a rule change the Environmental Protection Agency is considering that would allow conventional refineries to receive renewable fuel credits for using drop-in biofuels when making gasoline and diesel. Developers

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EPA Proposes Poplar, Willow Trees for Ethanol in U.S. Biofuel Rule Tweak

by Michael Hirtzer (Reuters)  The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency on Monday proposed tweaks to its Renewable Fuel Standard that would allow biofuels to be processed at more than one location and would allow cellulosic ethanol to be made from poplar and

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BDC Fall, 2016 Symposium Presentations Posted

(Bioenergy Deployment Consortium)  A successful BDC Fall Symposium was held in Washington DC on September 27-28, 2016.  A combination of Government Agency Directors and Sr. Advisors were joined by outstanding leaders in the bio-industry to discuss the advancement of the

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EPA Proposes Major Updates to RFS Regulations

by Erin Voegele (Biomass Magazine)  ... Within the proposed rule, the EPA explains that the RFS registration, reporting, recordkeeping and product transfer document (PTD) requirements were designed with the general expectation that renewable biomass would be converted into renewable fuel at

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Proposed Renewables Enhancement and Growth Support (REGS) Rule

(Environmental Protection Agency)  EPA is proposing enhancements to its Renewable Fuel Standards (RFS) program and other related fuel regulations to support market growth of ethanol and other renewable fuels in the U.S. These proposed changes will provide the opportunity for

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Answers to Your Questions about Renewables and the Advanced Bioeconomy

by Jim Lane and Ron Cascone (Biofuels Digest/NEXANT)  Recently, we held a popular webinar on Renewables and the Advanced Bioeconomy with NEXANT principal Ron Cascone, for which you can see the slides here. During the webinar, we received a number of excellent questions,

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Tesoro to Acquire Virent

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Wisconsin, Tesoro reached an agreement for Tesoro to acquire Virent. The acquisition, the partners said, will support the scale up and commercialization of Virent’s BioForming technology for the production of low carbon bio-based fuels

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EPA Brings Biofuel Production Changes To White House

by Kali Hays (Law360)  The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency on Tuesday sent some proposed changes to its Renewable Fuel Standard program to the White House for review, as the agency looks to promote the production of renewable fuels by removing

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Boom-boom: The Digest’s 2016 Multi-Slide Guide to Renewable Diesel’s Growth and Horizons

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  This week, we held a well-attended webinar on the boom on in Renewable diesel. Here below is a slide deck presented on the day, from Will Thurmond, President of Emerging Markets Online — highlights from the upcoming Drop

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Fly the Eco-Friendly Skies: United to Launch 50% Jet Biofuels on LAX-SFO Route

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In California, United Airlines will be using jet biofuels produced by AltAir using Honeywell UOP technology on up to 150 flights a day out of Los Angeles, the Digest has learned. March 11. A two week,

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Ensyn Biocrude Receives CARB Approvals for Refinery Coprocessing

by Ron Kotrba (Biodiesel Magazine)  Ensyn Corp.’s chief technology officer Barry Freel announced the company has been granted key regulatory approvals by California Air Resources Board pursuant to the low carbon fuel standard (LCFS) on the company’s application for its renewable

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Ensyn Nabs Chevron Exec as New CEO

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Jeffrey Jacobs, who served as Vice President of Chevron Technology Ventures until his recent retirement from Chevron, was appointed CEO of Ensyn Corporation and elected to its Board of Directors. Jacobs was also appointed as

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Tesoro Makes Its Move on Renewable Biocrude

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Texas, Tesoro has unveiled its plan to foster the development of biocrude made from renewable biomass, which can be co-processed in its existing refineries, along with traditional crude oil. And the company has identified three

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Bullish on Biocrude: The Digest’s 2016 8-Slide Guide to Tesoro’s Biocrude Strategy and Partners

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Tesoro has unveiled its plan to foster the development of biocrude made from renewable biomass, which can be co-processed in its existing refineries, along with traditional crude oil. And the company has identified three new

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Experimental Algae to Grow at the Refinery

(PKN ORLEN) PKN ORLEN is starting another R&D project to explore alternative sources of next-generation biocomponents. The Company plans to open a research station at its Production Plant in Płock, where carbon dioxide and process wastewater will be used to grow

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2015: A Missed Opportunity for Biofuels

by Michael McAdams (Advanced Biofuels Association/Biomass Magazine)  To say that 2015 was an overall disappointment for the biofuels industry would be an understatement. With the price of oil hovering from the high $30s to the mid-$50s all year long, the

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Ensyn Receives Key Regulatory Approval for Its Renewable Gasoline

(Ensyn/Biomass Magazine)  Robert Graham, chairman of Ensyn Corp., is pleased to announce that Ensyn has been granted a key regulatory approval from the U.S. EPA for its renewable gasoline product, RFGasoline. This approval, pursuant to Title 40 CFR Part 79

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Michigan State University Partners with ExxonMobile to Advance Biofuel Research

(Michigan State University)  A new $1 million relationship between Michigan State University and ExxonMobil will expand research designed to progress the fundamental science required to advance algae-based fuels. David Kramer, MSU’s John Hannah Distinguished Professor in Photosynthesis and Bioenergetics at the

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Is HVO the Holy Grail of the World Biodiesel Market?

(Greenea)  Overcapacity, shortage of sustainable feedstock, blending wall… they all contribute to the increasingly challenging situation on the biodiesel market in Europe. At the same time, new HVO investments start to pop up like mushrooms after a rain. But can

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Ensyn Receives Key Regulatory Approval for its Renewable Diesel

(Ensyn/Advanced Biofuels Association)  Dr. Robert Graham, CEO and Chairman of Ensyn Corporation (Ensyn), is pleased to announce that Ensyn has been granted a key regulatory approval from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for its renewable diesel product, RFDiesel. This

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Co-Processing of HEFA feedstocks with Petroleum Hydrocarbons for Jet Production

(Commercial Aviation Alternative Fuels Initiative (CAAFI))  On June 19th, Alisdair Clark of BP and Joseph Sorena of Chevron presented “Co-processing of HEFA Feedstocks with Petroleum Hydrocarbons for Jet Production” for the SOAP-Jet webinar series focused on co-processing biofuels within existing

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ACORE Brings Together Biofuel Industry to Publish Comments Addressing RFS Rules which Impede Advanced Biofuels Development

(American Council on Renewable Energy)  ACORE Brings Together Biofuel Industry to Publish Comments Addressing RFS Rules -- Industry leaders and ACORE members take up issues with co-location requirements under the RFS which impede advanced biofuels development. Today, the American Council On Renewable

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Energy is Energy: Segregation of Renewable and Fossil Fuels Impedes Energy Security Goals

by Antoine Schellinger (South Texas Law Review/SSRN) Seven years after the passage of the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007, the United States is entering the heart of renewable fuels legislation that was implemented as RFS2 by the EPA. The

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drop-in biofuels/hydrocarbons drought drought tolerant drought-resistant dry ice dual cropping Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E100 E100 conversion kit E11 E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E2 E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E3 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E70 diesel E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency egg shell Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric Vehicle (EV) Prices electric grid electricity electricity price electricity/power generation electricity/power transmission electrocatalysis electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels (e-fuels) electrofuels (e-fuels) prices electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) electrons Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants embargo eminent domain emissions emissions standards EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 EN 228 EN 590 EN228 (standard pump gasoline) end user end-of-life Endangered Species Act (ESA) Energy Bill energy cane energy consumption energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy prices energy reserves Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine Development engine problems Engine/Fuel Co-optimization engineering England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment environmental impact study (EIS) environmental justice/socially inclusive environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Environmentalists Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic depolymerization enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling Enzyme solicitation enzymes EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) Equatorial Guinea equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) etha ethane ethanol ethanol benefits ethanol blend wall ethanol blended diesel ED ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol emissions ethanol ether diesel fuel ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol to gas ethanol tolerance ethanol-fueled aircraft Ethanol-to-Gasoline (ETG) ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/diesel ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethyl levulinate (EL) ethylbenzene ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order executive order--state Extended Range Electric Vehicle (EREV) externalities extremophiles f F Factor F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farmers farming farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation Feedstocks fermentation ferry fertilizer fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) Fischer-Tropsch/FT fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources Forest Service forestry forklifts Formate formic acid fossil carbon fossil fuel Frace fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud free fatty acids (FFA) Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon gallium Gambia games gas prices gas tax/highway user fee gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gasoline-range hydrocarbons Gemany General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Gerrmany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) Intensity giant cane giant kelp Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect Global South global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grain sorghum/milo grain speculators grains GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery green/black economy Greenland GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala Guava Seed guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Guinea Bissau Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP gypsum h Haiti Halophytes harvest site processing harvesting Hawai'i hay hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ HDO-SAK (hydro deoxygenated synthetic aromatic kerosene) health health benefits health effects heat of combustion heat of vaporization heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) high octane low carbon (HOLC) fuel High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 HVO20 HVO30 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrid ships hybrids hydrocarbon fuels Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydroformylation hydrogen aircraft hydrogen carrier hydrogen combustion engines hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen leaks hydrogen pipeline hydrogen pumps/fueling stations hydrogen tax credit hydrogen terminal Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Price hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogenolysis hydropower Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal gasification hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois Illiois illuppai ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indian beech tree Indian grass Indiana indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial burners industrial ethanol industrial gases industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated biorefineries integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine (ICE) internal combustion engine (ICE)/gasoline engine ban International international balance of payments International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Sustainability and Carbon Certification model(ISCC) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit Invvesting ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron iron oxide IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isobutylene isomerisation isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica jamelão Japan jatobá Jatropha Jersey Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 jet B Jetfuel (Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs Joint Office of Energy and Transportation jojoba Jordan JP-10 JP-4 JP-5/NATO F-44 JP-8/NATO F-34 juniper Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kalanchoe kamani Kans grass Kansas Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati knotweed Knowledge Discovery Framework Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kulpa kusum Kuwait Kygryzstan labels labor policy Labrador lactic acid lactose Lake County lamp oil land ownership land prices land rights land subsidence land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy landfill methane Landfills landscape Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead Leadtree leaf ant Lebanon lecithin legislation 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energy balance Netherlands Nevada New Brunswick new fuel approval New Guinea New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New South Wales New York New Zealand Newfoundland Newfoundland and Labrador next generation biofuels next generation vehicles NHRA drag racing Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrogen starvation nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota North Korea Northeast northern catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory Northwest Territories Norwary Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds nuclear Nunavut nut shells nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition oak oat hulls oat straw oats Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) Office of Science Technology and Policy (OSTP) Offices of Inspector Generals offtake agreements Ohio oil oil embargo oil exploration oil monopoly oil p oil price parity oil prices oil production oil refineries oil replacement oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil speculators oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes oil/gas terminals Oils Oklahoma olefins oligomerization olive cake olive oil olive pits olive pomace olive water olives Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm ammonia production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing on-site hydrogen production one p one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontaio Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) open fuel standard open pond opportunity zones optimized flex fuel vehicles orange peel orchard grass orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) osage orange OSHA Overseas Private Investment Corporation overview overview/survey course owa oxygen oxygenate ozone Pakistan Palau palm palm biomass palm fatty acid distillate palm fiber palm fronds palm kernel palm kernel oil palm kernel shell palm oil Palm Oil Methyl Ester (PME) palm oil mill effluent (POME) palm oil prices palm trunk sap palm waste Paludiculture/peatland cultivation Panama pandas panic grass papaya paper Papua Indonesia Papua New Guinea paraffins Paraguay Paris Agreement parity partial waiver particulates pasture land Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) patents pathways Paulownia paulownia tree payments peach shell peaches peak oil peak oil demand peanuts/groundnuts peas pectin peela kaner pellet pellets Pennsylvania pennycress/stinkweed pentane pentanol pentose pequi perennial grains perennial grasses Performance permitting Peru pest-tolerance pesticide-tolerance pests pet food petition petroleum pharmaceuticals phase separation Philippines phosphorus photobioreactor 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(Ribonucleic acid) RNG tax credit roadmap rocket fuel Romania RON (Research Octane Number) rosin rotation crops Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials (RSB) royalties RP-1 RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber rubber seeds rumen ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Rural Renewable Energy Pilot Program rushes Russia Russian olive rutabaga Rwanda ry rye Rye grass rye straw s saccharification SAF pipeline SAF10 SAF30 SAF40 SAFc (Sustainable Aviation Fuel certificates) Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower sago pond weed SAIC sal tree Salicornia salt water salt-tolerant saltbush saltcedar Samoa Sanctions Santa Monica sardine oil Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Advisory Board (SAB) Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) Science Policy scooters Scotland scum sea level rise seaports seashore mallow seawater seaweed cultivation 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