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Advanced Biofuels USA: promoting the understanding, development and use of advanced biofuels around the world.

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North American Outlook on Biofuels Challenges and Opportunities

by Steve Hartig (Biofuels Digest) The North American biofuels market can be split into three main segments all of which have major dynamics.  What I would like to do is give a

November 6, 2019 Read Full Article

Vertimass Selected by U.S. Department of Energy’s Bioenergy Technology Office to Receive Up to $1.4 Million Award to Optimize Renewable Jet Fuel

(Vertimass/PR Newswire)  Vertimass to optimize renewable jet fuel blendstocks to maximize energy content and reduce emissions  —  Vertimass LLC announced today that Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) within the U.S. Department of

October 31, 2019 Read Full Article

Butanol International Patent Application Published

(SilicoLife) SilicoLife’s international patent application for biological production of n-butanol has been published.  —  SilicoLife announced that the company’s international (PCT) patent application for “Method for n-butanol production using heterologous expression of

October 28, 2019 Read Full Article

Convert CO2 into Raw Materials Using Nanoparticles

(Ruhr University Bochum (Google Translation)) Enzymes use cascade reactions to produce complex molecules from comparatively simple raw materials. The principle was copied by researchers. An international research team has converted

September 30, 2019 Read Full Article

9 Constellations to Watch: A Look at the Rising Stars in the Race to SAF

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest)  … (T)oday we explore 9 of those constellations building around Sustainable Aviation Fuels. Some of them are young protostars in the earliest stage of

August 26, 2019 Read Full Article

Tulane Researcher Working to Turn Waste to Fuel Wins NSF Career Award

by Barri Bronston  (Tulane University)  Nicholas Sandoval’s lab at Tulane works on the development and application of advanced synthetic biology tools for microbes and other model cell lines for the

August 14, 2019 Read Full Article

Just Drop It in!: The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to Gevo’s Drop-in Hydrocarbons

by Jim Lane (Biofuhttp://radar.weather.gov/radar_lite.php?product=NCR&rid=LWX&loop=yesels Digest)  Gevo produces and sells low-carbon, renewable, high-performance fuel products. From ethanol to isobutanol, jet fuel, isooctane, oxygenate blendstocks, and more, Gevo is on a mission to

August 8, 2019 Read Full Article

QUOTE OF THE WEEK: Patrick Gruber

“This pilot with the City of Seattle has shown the measurable reduction in pollution with a renewable blended fuel,” said Patrick Gruber, CEO of Gevo. “Imagine replacing the whole gallon

August 8, 2019 Read Full Article

Gevo’s Renewable Isobutanol Pilot Lowers Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Seattle

(Biofuels International)  Low carbon fuel company Gevo has successfully completed the first phase of a trial pilot of fleet vehicles using its low carbon, renewable drop-in isobutanol blended gasoline. The trial,

August 8, 2019 Read Full Article

Gevo Receives ISCC Plus Certification

(Geva/Globe Newswire)  Gevo, Inc. (NASDAQ: GEVO) announced today (August 5, 2019) it has achieved its International Sustainability and Carbon Certification (ISCC) under the ISCC PLUS scheme for Food, Feed, Industrial

August 6, 2019 Read Full Article

Solar Energy Becomes Biofuel without Solar Cells

(Uppsala University/Science Codex)  Soon we will be able to replace fossil fuels with a carbon-neutral product created from solar energy, carbon dioxide and water. Researchers at Uppsala University have successfully produced

August 1, 2019 Read Full Article

The Push for Year-Round E15 Is upon Us, but Is It the Best Biofuel Option?

by Jeff Wasil (Washington Examiner)  … There’s also a better option than E15, one that only requires cutting red tape hindering the widespread usage of a next-generation biofuel: biobutanol. Unlike ethanol, biobutanol

July 8, 2019 Read Full Article

Making Every Carbon Count: The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to Praj

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Praj had a humble beginning as a supplier of ethanol plants, and today is a global company with a bouquet of sustainable solutions for bioenergy, high

July 2, 2019 Read Full Article

If Rice Is Nice, Rice Trash Is Cash: Gevo, Praj Working to Convert Rice Straw to Products

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  … Specifically, in the past month, Gevo also executed an agreement with Praj to develop jet fuel and isooctane from rice straw and other feedstocks. Gruber

June 19, 2019 Read Full Article

MicroNiche Engineering: The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to Microvi

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Microvi has a vision of safe water, sustainable chemicals and a clean environment for all. How they do this is through their exclusive MicroNiche Engineering platform which

May 28, 2019 Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to Gevo

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The Digest’s new “Stocks Worth Tracking” Multi-Slide Guide Series highlights hot companies that are making strides in the bioeconomy. Today’s “Stock Worth Tracking” is Gevo. Gevo

May 28, 2019 Read Full Article

ABC 2019: EPA Administrator Says Year-Round E15 to Be Approved

by Michael Verdon (Soundings Trade Only Today)  Andrew R. Wheeler, administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, told participants of the American Boating Congress that his agency plans to issue

May 17, 2019 Read Full Article

NUI Galway Launches Biofuels Research Lab

(Roscommon Herald)  NUI Galway has launched a new laboratory to research the generation of biofuels from organic waste. Professor Piet Lens, a leading expert in environmental biotechnology, will lead a team

April 12, 2019 Read Full Article

Surrey Catalyst IP Set to Ignite Innovation in Modern Bio-Refineries

(University of Surrey)  The University of Surrey has developed a new, cost-effective type of catalyst that it hopes will ignite innovation in bio-derived added value chemicals and bring about the next

March 26, 2019 Read Full Article

Little Falls High School Visits Central Minnesota Renewables

(Minnesota Bio-Fuels Association)  Seventeen students from Little Falls High School visited the Central Minnesota Renewables (CMR) plant … to learn more about Minnesota’s bio-based chemical industry. During the tour, the

December 26, 2018 Read Full Article

Celtic Renewables Signs Deal to Use Pioneering Biofuel to Clean up India’s Brewing Industry

by Kenny Kemp (insider.co.uk)  The partnership between Martin Tangney’s company and Indian renewables firm Dross Energy will help clean up sacred river Ganges  —  Celtic Renewables and Dross Energy signed a Memorandum

December 6, 2018 Read Full Article

Global n-Butanol Market 2017-2022 – Increasing Use of n- butanol as a Biofuel Gaining Momentum

(Globe Newswire/ResearchAndMarkets.com)  The “Global n-Butanol Market 2018-2022” report has been added to ResearchAndMarkets.com’s offering.  The global n-butanol market to grow at a CAGR of 4.72% during the period 2018-2022. Global n-Butanol Market 2018-2022, has been

November 14, 2018 Read Full Article

Scientist Awarded OBE for Services to Engineering and Energy: Honour for Celtic Renewables Founder

(Edinburgh Napier University)  Leading biofuel and sustainability expert Professor Martin Tangney has been awarded an honorary Officer of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (OBE) at a ceremony in

November 5, 2018 Read Full Article

DBT Set up the Fifth Centre of Excellence in Bioenergy

(India Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science & Technology)  Memorandum of Understanding was exchanged between Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science & Technology, Government of India and The Energy and Research Institute

November 1, 2018 Read Full Article

Carbon Utilization Research Can Lead to Big Emissions Reductions

(Algae Biomass Organization)  A new report from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine makes the case for robust, coordinated research and development programs that can accelerate the development of technologies that

October 31, 2018 Read Full Article

Sylvatex and Its Remarkable Progress Near the Land of Misfit Feedstocks

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  From California comes the happy news that Sylavatex CEO Virginia Klausmeier is expecting a new child in a couple of weeks, and that the significant scale-up

October 2, 2018 Read Full Article

Trump’s Plan to Boost Ethanol Could Quickly Get Sidelined

by John Siciliano (Washington Examiner)  …  On top of that, a senior Senate aide close to the pro-ethanol camp led by Sen. Chuck Grassley, R-Iowa, said “there is debate” over

August 14, 2018 Read Full Article

Gevo Discusses Future Expansion Plans for Luverne Plant Site

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  … “During the quarter we made very good progress in restructuring our balance sheet and on the business development front by securing our first commercial

August 10, 2018 Read Full Article

The Top 10 Advances in Renewable Butanol: What’s Speeding up, Where Are the Slow-Downs?

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  From Portugal comes the news that SilicoLife was awarded with a SME instrument phase 1 grant for the commercial evaluation of its BUTANOVA technology, a new

August 3, 2018 Read Full Article

High Performance Fuels & Vehicles, Both: The Digest’s 2018 Multi-Slide Guide to DOE’s Co-Optima Project and HP Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The US Department of Energy has a key project called Co-Optima, which aims to determine key fuel properties that enable improved engine efficiency, provide key science

July 31, 2018 Read Full Article

Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Wastes for Biofuel Production: A Critical Review

by DollyKumari and RadhikaSingh (Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews)  … Lignocellulosic waste is becoming popular as a feedstock for biofuel production. The can be converted into usable form for biofuel production

July 30, 2018 Read Full Article

Gevo & Butamax – Remind Me Why I Care

by Sam Nejame (Promotum/Biofuels Digest)  … Both Butamax and GEVO have suffered mightily over the last few years, but the people, who have hung in there and put their careers on

July 24, 2018 Read Full Article

Biofuels Are Rockin’ the Boat in Maritime Sector

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest)  … Here are some companies that are answering the call for the maritime and shipping sectors with viable biofuel alternatives, the technologies and innovations, the

July 23, 2018 Read Full Article

The Yosemite Sam of the Microbial World, Hot Rodded Lichen, BYO Nitrogen, The Microbial Marx Brother, Sexy Hexy and More: The DOE Delves into New Orgamsism for Fuels & Chems

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The meanest, nastiest, ornierest, heat-seeking organism ever found that munches biomass and other microbes that got a booster via the DOE’s $40M grants for advanced microbes

June 28, 2018 Read Full Article

EPA’s New Super Fuel Could Spell Trouble for Ethanol

by John Siciliano (Washington Examiner)  The Environmental Protection Agency is about to allow a new renewable fuel to be sold at the pump, which could revolutionize the fuel business while eliminating

June 5, 2018 Read Full Article

Energy Department Announces Nearly $13 Million in Small Business Research and Development for EERE

(U.S. Department of Energy)  As part of today’s (May 21, 2018) $34 million announcement by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Secretary, Rick Perry, for Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) and Small

May 24, 2018 Read Full Article

International Conference on Sustainable Biofuel 2018 (26-27 February 2018): A Report

by Gunjan Mukherjee* (Advanced Biofuels USA/Chandigarh University Institute of Biotechnology (UIBT))  The International Conference on Sustainable Biofuel was held at the India Habitat Center, New Delhi, India. The concept of

April 23, 2018 Read Full Article

NUS Team Discovers Bacterium that Produces Only Biobutanol Directly from Cellulose

(Green Car Congress)  A team of engineers from the National University of Singapore (NUS) recently discovered that a naturally occurring bacterium, Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum TG57, isolated from waste generated after harvesting mushrooms, is capable of directly

April 6, 2018 Read Full Article

Where’s Ethanol Going to Go?

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  … According to POET CEO Jeff Broin, there’s a deal on the table — changing almost by the hour, but a deal none the less. A deal on the

March 23, 2018 Read Full Article

Innovation in the Bioeconomy: Overcoming Barriers for Sustainable Bio-Based Products and Biofuels — April 12, 2018 — Brussels, Belgium

  Innovation in the Bioeconomy: Overcoming Barriers for Sustainable Bio-Based Products and Biofuels — April 12, 2018 — Brussels, Belgium

G!E (Greenovate! Europe) is organising the final ButaNexT event, ‘Innovation in the bioeconomy: overcoming barriers for sustainable bio-based products and biofuels’, which will be held on 12 April 2018 at

March 8, 2018 Read Full Article

Engineering Clostridia: The Digest’s 2018 Multi-Slide Guide to n-Butanol Production from Biomass and CO2

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The DOE is supporting a project to develop engineered clostridia strains and fermentation process that can directly utilize cellulose and fix CO2 for n-butanol production from

March 5, 2018 Read Full Article

Butanol from Forest Waste: The Digest’s 2018 Multi-Slide Guide to Advanced Fermentation of AVAP Sugars

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The objective? To create an economically viable process for the production of butanol from the underutilized natural resources domestically available economically sustainable biofuel at or below DOE

February 26, 2018 Read Full Article

Celtic Renewables Founder Awarded Honorary OBE

(Celtic Renewables)  Leading biofuel and sustainability expert Professor Martin Tangney – founder of Celtic Renewables – has been awarded an honorary Officer of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire

February 6, 2018 Read Full Article

Biofuel Projects Named as Semi-Finalists in Ontario Competition

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  The Ontario Centres of Excellence have announced 20 semi-finalists for Ontario’s Solutions 2030 Challenge, which calls on innovators to propose solutions to help the province’s

December 26, 2017 Read Full Article

VIDEO: Planning Permission for Celtic Renewables’ Whiskey Waste to Biofuel Plant

(Waste Management World)  Celtic Renewables has secured planning permission from Falkirk Council to build a commercial demonstrator plant, which will produce over half a million litres of biofuel each year from

December 13, 2017 Read Full Article

Scientists Turn Beer into Fuel

(Phys.Org/University of Bristol)  Chemists at the University of Bristol have made the first steps towards making sustainable petrol using beer as a key ingredient. … Scientists from the University of Bristol’s

December 7, 2017 Read Full Article

Global Biofuel Market Continue to be Dominated by United States and Brazil Together, Finds New Market Research Report

(EIN Presswire/Market Research Reports Inc.)  The global Biofuel market is one which is expected to grow in the future due to the huge amount of demand placed on renewable energy. The

November 15, 2017 0 comment Read Full Article

No Crop Left Behind: Inside the USDA’s Bioeconomy Feedstock Strategy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) … You’d be forgiven if you mistook Ahb Subi Banr-Sbar for a well-placed official in the Iranian government — but, in fact, it’s a 9-project network to

November 13, 2017 0 comment Read Full Article

AVAPCO, BYOGY Renewables, and Petron Scientech Announce Partnership to Demonstrate Technologies in the ABBA Integrated Biorefinery Projec

(PR Web)  The ABBA Integrated Biorefinery project, to be built at the AVAPCO Thomaston Georgia site, will co-produce bio jet fuel and Bioplus® nanocellulose. It has received a Phase 1, $3.7

October 10, 2017 Read Full Article

World’s First Car to Be Fuelled by Whisky Residue Biofuel Takes Its Inaugural Journey

(Celtic Renewables)  Celtic Renewables Ltd, the innovative and award winning start-up company, set the wheels in motion of the first car to be fueled by a whisky residue biofuel. The

July 7, 2017 Read Full Article

N-butanol and Beyond: The Digest’s 2017 Multi-Slide Guide to Green Biologics

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Green Biologics is focused on the production of renewable n-butanol and other C4 chemicals from various renewable feedstocks, including sugar (cane, molasses, beets), starch (corn)

June 28, 2017 Read Full Article

Transforming Eco-Product Performance and Accessibility: The Digest’s 2017 Multi-Slide Guide to DuPont and Biomaterials

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  DuPont has developed a multi-part strategy to deliver new technologies to the growing biofuels and chemicals markets market. The strategy includes: (1) improving existing ethanol

June 1, 2017 0 comment Read Full Article

Progress on Transport Biofuels in Korea

by Jin-Suk Lee and Kyu-Young Kang (IEA Bioenergy Task 39)  Since Korea imports over 95% of its energy demand, thus energy security has always been an important driver in the national agenda.

May 9, 2017 Read Full Article

The Digest’s Complete March Madness Webinars Available Online

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The Digest’s Complete March Madness webinars – 700+ slides available for your on-demand review.  —  The Digest’s March Madness series – 20 webinars covering the

May 5, 2017 Read Full Article

The 4C-able Future: The Digest’s 2017 Multi-Slide Guide to Butanol and Other 4C Molecules

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In our March Madness webinar series, a popular entry has been the session on “butanol and other 4C molecules: prospects and progress”. We looked at

April 26, 2017 Read Full Article

Seaweed Cultivation Could Provide a Promising Source of Sustainable Aviation Biofuels, Finds Norwegian Report

(GreenAir Online)  Seaweed could become a promising source of biofuels for aviation if sustainably produced and economic and policy challenges can be overcome, says a report by Norwegian NGO Bellona.

April 7, 2017 0 comment Read Full Article

Whisky Business: The Digest’s 2017 Multi-Slide Guide to Celtic Renewables

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) In uniquely combining the whisky by-products, Celtic Renewables Ltd adapt the traditional Weizmann Fermentation process (also known as ABE fermentation) to a brand new and

March 13, 2017 Read Full Article

Top 10 Bioeconomy Predictions for 2017

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  A mere “The Year in Rewind” as we sail into 2017? Not the good ship Digest! Instead, we dust off our crystal ball and offer our predictions

January 3, 2017 0 comment Read Full Article

Ocean Going Vessels Going Green

by  Lorenz Bauer (Lee Enterprises Consulting/Biofuels Digest)  Currently over 866 million tons per year of CO2, or 2.4% of the world’s total, come from maritime sources.   A report to the

November 23, 2016 Read Full Article

ButaNexT: Future of Clean Fuels Presented at E2KW in Paris

(European Commission Community Research and Development Information Service/Greenovate! Europe)  The ButaNexT project presented its research into a new and improved biofuel – biobutanol – at the Energy and Environment Knowledge

November 4, 2016 0 comment Read Full Article

Isobutanol: A New Product from Revamped Ethanol Plants

by Jess Hewitt and Kapil S Lokare (Lee Enterprises Consulting/Biofuels Digest)   … Now, there is also competition for production between

September 29, 2016 Read Full Article

Petroleum Today, Bio Tomorrow, BIOFOREVER

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Belgium, the BIOFOREVER  consortium of 14 European companies emerged from stealth with the news

September 2, 2016 Read Full Article

Strategic Intent: The Digest’s 2016 Multi-Slide Guide to DuPont in the Advanced Bioeconomy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This season, The Digest is hosting the Strategic Intent webinar series, looking at the plans, progress

August 31, 2016 Read Full Article

Intratec Reveals Production Costs of Green Chemicals and Biofuels

(Intratec Solutions LLC/EIN Presswire)  New reports evaluate the economic feasibility of chemicals manufacturing through alternative, bio-based routes —  Intratec Solutions

August 30, 2016 Read Full Article

Where’s Butanol, or Other Substitutes for Gasoline besides Ethanol?

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  … Is there some fundamental reason that the automotive biofuels people haven’t shifted to butanol or

August 26, 2016 Read Full Article

Strategic Intent: The Digest 2016 Multi-Slide Guide to Bayer, Bunge and Monsanto

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  This season, we are conducting Strategic Intent, our 19 webinar series on major companies and

August 25, 2016 Read Full Article

Biofuel Firm’s Plans for Grangemouth

by  James Trimble (Falkirk Herald)  A company renowned for using residues from the whisky industry to produce biofuel capable of

August 23, 2016 Read Full Article

Intratec Reveals Production Costs of Green Chemicals and Biofuels

(Intratec Solutions)  New reports evaluate the economic feasibility of chemicals manufacturing through alternative, bio-based routes  —  Intratec Solutions LLC, the

August 17, 2016 Read Full Article

Sustainable and Low-Cost: The Digest’s 2016 Multi-Slide Guide to Competing with Sub-$50 oil

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  As Irshad Ahmed observed recently in The Digest, “until such time that we internalize the true

August 2, 2016 Read Full Article

Making It Work for the Grower: The Digest’s Multi-Slide Guide to DuPont’s Cellulosic Feedstock

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  DuPont has developed a three-part strategy to deliver these new technologies to the growing biofuels

July 19, 2016 Read Full Article

Advance Australia Air: Byogy Steps up in Australia in Drive for Low-Carbon Jet Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  From Australia comes the news that the country’s former Federal Resources and Energy Minister, Martin

July 5, 2016 Read Full Article

Re-Think, Re-Use, Retro-Fit: 15 4G Techs Transforming Gen-1 Biobased Plants

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) … Here, we profile 15 techs that offer incremental to profound shifts in the economics of the

June 17, 2016 Read Full Article

Renewable Specialty Chemicals: The Digest’s 2016 Multi-Slide Guide to Green Biologics

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Green Biologics is focused on the production of renewable n-butanol and other C4 chemicals from

May 19, 2016 Read Full Article

Energy Department Announces Funding for Design and Construction of Manufacturing of Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biopower

(U.S. Department of Energy)  Recognizing the importance of biofuels to energy and climate security, the Energy Department today announced up

May 9, 2016 Read Full Article

Drop in, Trip Out, Turn On: The Digest’s 2016 Multi-Slide Guide to Drop-In Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Yesterday, we held a well-attended webinar on “Drop-In Fuels” Here below is the first slide

March 31, 2016 Read Full Article

GS Caltex to Build Plant for Biobutanol in H1

by Lee Seo-young (Korea Herald)  GS Caltex will begin the construction of a plant for mass-production of biobutanol, a renewable

March 25, 2016 Read Full Article

Promising Jet Fuel Market Looms for Upgraded Bioethanol, Butanol

by Kapil Lokare (Lee Enterprises/Ethanol Producer Magazine) … Jet Fuel Potential  — Another large-scale market attracts developers in alcohol-to-jet fuel blends. For example,

February 22, 2016 Read Full Article

Should the Ethanol Industry Promote E30 Fuel Blend?

by By Mikkel Pates (Grand Forks Herald)  …  Brian West, deputy director of the Fuels, Engines and Emissions Research Center at

January 25, 2016 Read Full Article

RFA Issues One-Pager to Correct Anti-Ethanol Rhetoric on the Presidential Campaign Trail

(Renewable Fuel Association)  In response to the anti-ethanol rhetoric that has been dominating the presidential campaign in the run-up to

January 22, 2016 Read Full Article

Little Falls Ethanol Plant Begins Renovation

by Vicki Ikeogu (SC Times)  Construction has started at a Little Falls ethanol plant to convert it to a renewable chemical manufacturing

January 15, 2016 Read Full Article

The 30 Hottest Biobased Molecules for 2016

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Florida, the Digest has released the 30 Hottest Biobased Molecules for 2016, as voted

January 14, 2016 Read Full Article

44 Saltend Workers Face Redundancy as BP Mothball Research Plant

(Hull Daily Mail) More than 40 staff at a research facility at Saltend have been told they are facing redundancy.  Kingston

December 18, 2015 Read Full Article

More Efficient Way of Converting Ethanol Leads to Better Alternative Fuel

(University of Rochester)  New Catalysts Lead to Near Total Conversion  —  … But now a research team, led by William Jones

December 4, 2015 Read Full Article

First Commercial! Construction Underway in Minnesota for Green Biologics

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  …  In Minnesota, construction is now underway at the Green Biologics bio-based n-butanol and acetone

December 4, 2015 Read Full Article

RIL Tanks up on Biofuels to Cut Emissions

Kalpana Pathak (Business Standard)  In this last of a 5-part series, we look at Reliance Industries and the steps it

November 23, 2015 Read Full Article

New Biobased Projects Around the World

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Who’s building what, where, now. 29 projects in construction or in commissioning in Africa, Europe,

November 18, 2015 Read Full Article

Will Boaters Make Gevo Rock?

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Despite a signature partnership with Praj, Gevo’s short-term future looks strongest at the marina, where

November 11, 2015 Read Full Article

Advanced Fuels from Farm Trash: The Digest’s 2015 8-Slide Guide to DuPont’s Activities in Biomass

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  DuPont has developed a three-part strategy to deliver these new technologies to the growing biofuels

October 27, 2015 Read Full Article

Abengoa to Launch Bio-Alcohols Production in Early 2016

by  Yana Palagacheva (ICIS News)  … After successfully establishing its alternative ethanol production route, Abengoa is now seeking to diversify its portfolio

October 22, 2015 Read Full Article

Hope for an End to the Ethanol Debacle?

by Norm Schultz (Trade Only Today)  … Biobutanol is real. Scientists at DuPont have been developing it for more than a

October 21, 2015 Read Full Article

Diamond in the Rough: The Digest’s 2015 8-Slide Guide to Cobalt’s Technology

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Cobalt Technologies was commercializing cellulosic biobutanol, a versatile platform molecule for the renewable chemicals and

October 15, 2015 Read Full Article

GranBio, Solvay JV Acquires Cobalt Technologies’ Assets

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  We can now affirmatively report that SGBio, a joint venture between the Solvay Group and

October 15, 2015 Read Full Article

8 Ways around the Big, Bad Oxygen Problem in the Advanced Bioeconomy Parts 1 and 2

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In the terrestrial world, oxygen is colorless, odorless, and try to get through an hour

October 14, 2015 Read Full Article

Barley Straw Shows Potential as Transport Biofuel Raw Material

(EurekAlert!/University of Eastern Finland)  The hemicellulose sugars of barley straw can be effectively fermented into biobutanol, when starch is added

September 30, 2015 Read Full Article

Sugar Is the New Crude: The Digest’s 2015 8-Slide Guide to American Process

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Although American Process has been most closely associated with its complete cellulosic biofuels package —

September 29, 2015 Read Full Article

Global Bio-based Butanol Market 2015-2019 – Key Vendors are Butalco, Butamax, Cobalt, Gevo, Green Biologics, Laxmi Organic Industries, Novozymes, Syntec Biofuel & ZeoChem

(PR Newswire/Research and Markets)  Research and Markets  has announced the addition of the“Global Bio-based Butanol Market 2015-2019” report to their

September 23, 2015 0 comment Read Full Article

U of G Researchers Study Sugar Corn as Alternative Fuel Source

(University of Guelph)  Canadian farmers might one day grow sugar corn for a potentially huge alternative fuels market through a

September 16, 2015 Read Full Article

Whisky Biofuels Company Wins £11m in Government Funding

by Ben Martin (The Telegraph)  Edinburgh-based Celtic Renewables uses waste products from malt whisky production to produce biobutanol, which power

September 8, 2015 Read Full Article

New Biofuel-Producing Bacteria Discovered

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Scientists from the University of Maryland will report in the Journal of Theoretical Biology that

August 17, 2015 Read Full Article

Omani Scientists Working to Produce Biofuel from Agricultural Waste

by M Najmuz Zafar (Muscat Daily)  A group of scientists and academics are undertaking a research on producing biofuel from

July 28, 2015 Read Full Article

Boosting Biofuel Production: New MIT Research Finds Supplements Help Yeast Survive.

by Nancy Stauffer (MIT Energy Initiative)   Chemical engineers and biologists at MIT have found a simple way to make yeast produce

July 14, 2015 Read Full Article

Global Second Generation Biofuels (Advanced Biofuels) Market Analysis, Size, Share, Trends, Research, Demand And Forecast to 2020: Big Market Research

(Big Market Research/PR Newswire)   Second generation biofuels yield more energy efficient output than conventional fossil fuels and are environment-friendly

July 1, 2015 Read Full Article

The 35 Hottest Companies in Feedstock Development & Supply in the Advanced Bioeconomy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Solazyme took the #1 spot in the 2015 “35 Hottest Companies in Feedstock Development &

June 30, 2015 Read Full Article

RIP Cobalt Technologies or…How Commercializing Butanol Technology is Like Riding the Tour de France

by Sam Nejame & James Evangelow (Biofuels Digest/Promotum and Chemical Strategies)  Sad to say Cobalt Technologies is dead – no really they’re

June 25, 2015 Read Full Article

Ethanol and Butanol: Symbiotic Partners for a Modern Fuel

by Bill Brandon and  Richard Ezike (Biofuels Digest)  The debate touting butanol over ethanol as a ‘better’ fuel component has

June 11, 2015 Read Full Article

GS Caltex to Build Biobutanol Plant

(Yonhap News Agency)  GS Caltex Co., South Korea’s second-largest refiner, plans to build a 50 billion won (US$44 million) plant

June 3, 2015 Read Full Article

Renewable Isobutanol: It’s Time for a Truce

by James Evangelow (Chemical Strategies) & Sam Nejame (Promotum) (Biofuels Digest)  If an advertising professional were writing the copy, renewable isobutanol would

May 19, 2015 Read Full Article

Oakbio Announces New Green Biofuel Production Platform

(Oakbio/Digital Journal)  his ecoli based microbe platform expands the sources of waste materials Oakbio can convert to green, renewable fuels

May 15, 2015 Read Full Article

Auctions for All Assets of Two Silicon Valley-Based Clean Technology Firms: Biofuel producer, Cobalt Technologies and Flow Cell Energy Storage Company, EnerVault

(Silicon Valley Disposition/PRNewswire)   Silicon Valley Disposition (http://www.svdisposition.com) announced today that it will simultaneously run online auctions of all of

May 14, 2015 0 comment Read Full Article

Thrive, Survive, Jive or Take Five: Who Is Weathering the $50 Oil Storm in Biofuels, and How?

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)   … Survive  —  First-Gen ethanol producers. So-so. Corn prices have fallen, and though margins have

May 14, 2015 Read Full Article

Alaska Airlines, Gevo to Demonstrate Renewable Alcohol-to-Jet Fuel in Upcoming Flight

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Alaska Airlines ups the ante in the search for sustainable, affordable jet fuels.  In Colorado, Gevo

May 8, 2015 Read Full Article

Minnesota, the Green Giant: Going All out on Agrastructure and the Advanced Bioeconomy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  … Today, we look at how Minnesota, too, has been experiencing success via its bioeconomy, and

April 10, 2015 Read Full Article

Answers for Your Questions about Biofuels, Renewable Chemicals, Bioproducts and Sustainable Agriculture.

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Amazing questions get asked at ABLC — and except for attendees, you generally don’t hear them,

April 9, 2015 Read Full Article

Mie Grad Students Make Biofuel from Unwanted Fruit

(Japan Times)  Graduate students at Mie University have produced biofuel from the region’s tangerines, saying the technique provides a use

March 26, 2015 Read Full Article

Small Ethanol Plants Struggle for an Edge

by David Shaffer (Star Tribune)  As production plants have grown larger and more efficient, small, older ethanol plants risk being

March 2, 2015 Read Full Article

Build or Conquer? 3 Companies Battling Over the Future of Biofuels

by Maxx Chatsko  (Motley Fool)  … Yet, to date only three commercial scale cellulosic ethanol facilities have been built in the

March 1, 2015 Read Full Article

World’s First Biofuel from Whisky Residues Aim for Lead in £100m Market

(The Engineer)  A Scottish company has revived a defunct fermentation technology to create biofuel from the residues of whisky production.

February 26, 2015 Read Full Article

Biobutanol Firms Chart Diverging Paths

By Melody M. Bomgardner (Chemical and Engineering News)  For years, industrial biotech companies have sought to make renewable chemicals by

February 6, 2015 Read Full Article

Biobutanol Firms Chart Diverging Paths

By Melody M. Bomgardner (Chemical and Engineering News)  For years, industrial biotech companies have sought to make renewable chemicals by

January 27, 2015 Read Full Article

Biofuel from Unmarketable Oranges

by Floro Mercene (Tempo)  The town of Mihama in Mie Prefecture, Japan, is known as “the town where you can

January 5, 2015 Read Full Article

The 41 Weirdest Things Ever Used to Make Biofuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Bunnies, liposuction fat, Prince Charles’ leftover wine, day-old whale, the human poo bus, fire ants

December 31, 2014 Read Full Article

10 Biggest Bioeconomy Blockbuster Stories of 2014 (EU, Middle East and Africa)

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Aviation biofuels on the rise, in the skies” tops the trend list; drop-in and cellulosic

December 29, 2014 Read Full Article

ASTM Approves New Standard for Butanol Purity Testing

(ASTM International/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  With several beneficial attributes that make it a good blending agent in gasoline, butanol continues to

December 15, 2014 Read Full Article

Celtic Renewables Opts For A Well-Oiled Remedy

by Ann M. Thayer  (Chemical and Engineering News) Scottish startup to make biobased chemicals 
from the leftovers of whisky production The

November 20, 2014 Read Full Article

Closing In on Butanol for Biofuel

by Ann Perry (US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service)  Butanol is the go-to industrial solvent for products such as

November 20, 2014 Read Full Article

Global Biodiesel Additive Research Roundup

by Ron Kotrba (Biodiesel Magazine)  A recent report issued by Grand View Research indicates the global market for specialty fuel

November 19, 2014 Read Full Article

Mie University Researchers Convert Discarded Oranges into 'Juiced-Up' Biofuel

By Fumiko Takaki (The Asahi Shimbun)  Scientists at Mie University here have developed a biofuel from unmarketable oranges and waste

November 18, 2014 Read Full Article

Gevo Finds a Way

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Like Rocky Balboa, no matter how many punches they take, Gevo just won’t fall over.

November 14, 2014 Read Full Article

Indo-US Joint Effort to Derive Non-Food Biofuels from 2017

by N Madhav  (Business Standard)  The initiative would work to deliver a model for production using crops like energy sorghum, bamboo,

November 12, 2014 Read Full Article

California Energy Commission to Award up to $3M for Advanced Biofuel Projects

(Green  Car Congress)  The California Energy Commission’s Alternative and Renewable Fuel and Vehicle Technology Program (ARFVTP) announced (PON-14-602) the availability

October 29, 2014 Read Full Article

Gulf Racing Fuels Selling High Performance Fuels Using Gevo's Renewable Isobutanol

(Gevo)  Initial Focus on Marine and Off-Road Fuel Markets — Gevo, Inc.(Nasdaq:GEVO), the world’s only commercial producer of renewable isobutanol, announced

October 3, 2014 Read Full Article

Celtic Renewables Wins Top Motor Vehicle Sustainability Award

(Celtic Renewables) Celtic Renewables has been recognised by the motor industry, winning a top honour at the Low Carbon Vehicle Partnership (LowCVP)’s annual Low

September 15, 2014 Read Full Article

$15 Million Available for Advanced Biofuels Payment Program

by Anna Austin (Biomass Magazine) The USDA recently issued a notice of contract proposals for its Advanced Biofuel Payment Program, which

August 28, 2014 Read Full Article

Gevo Boosts Revs in Q2, but Losses Widen; Aims for Break-Even at Luverne by Year End

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  …  The increase in revenue during 2014 is primarily a result of the production and

August 21, 2014 Read Full Article

Answers for Your Questions about the Bioeconomy, Biofuels, Renewable Chemicals and Bioproducts

by Jim Lane  (Biofuels Digest)  … With great sessions at conferences, delegates are usually keen to get a hold of the

August 14, 2014 Read Full Article

Enhancing Biofuel Yields from Biomass with Novel New Method

by Sean Nealon (UCR Today)  A team of researchers, led by Professor Charles E. Wyman, at the University of California,

August 5, 2014 Read Full Article

The Greensome Foursome: POET, Novozymes, Abengoa, NexSteppe on the Industry Outlook for 2014

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  As several major cellulosic biofuels ventures head for scale in 2014, we look at the

July 2, 2014 Read Full Article

Celtic Renewables Raises $2M, Partners with Bio Base Europe Pilot Plant

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Celtic Renewables raises $2M, partners with Bio Base Europe Pilot Plant Celtic Renewables, the Edinburgh-based

June 26, 2014 Read Full Article

“But I Won’t Cry for Yesterday”: The Re-Making of the US Ethanol Industry

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The migration from first-gen to next-gen biofuels is becoming less ‘Invisible’ — and the new

May 22, 2014 Read Full Article

How Laboratory Information Management Systems Can Prepare Labs for Biofuels Growth

by Colin Thurston (Thermo Fisher Scientific)  With dramatic drops in U.S. energy imports, a clear sign of our growing energy

May 15, 2014 Read Full Article

Asheville Entrepreneur Aims to Harness Cyanobacteria's Photosynthetic Prowess

by Mary-Russell Roberson  (News Observer)  Bruce Dannenberg is a big fan of cyanobacteria – the ancient lineage of organisms you

May 14, 2014 Read Full Article

Long-Term Growth in Today’s 53.2 BGY Biofuel Market Will Be Led by Novel Fuels and Novel Feedstocks

by Andrew Soare (Lux Research, Inc.)  The 53.2 billion gallon biofuel industry has enjoyed capacity growth of 19.6% annually since

February 20, 2014 Read Full Article

The Digest's Bioeconomy Achievement Awards for 2013-14

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Beta Renewables, Abengoa, Enerkem, Proterro among the winners for Project of the Year — as

January 3, 2014 Read Full Article

Gevo Biofuel Produced in Luverne, Minn., Passes Army Helicopter Test

by David Shaffer (Star Tribune)  Gevo Inc., which produces an alternative alcohol in a former ethanol plant in Luverne, Minn.,

December 26, 2013 Read Full Article

Special Asia Biofuels Report: The Top 10 Stories of the Year, and More

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Asia looks at petroleum reserves and exploration and concludes: our future is in biomass. As we

December 26, 2013 Read Full Article

Bio-Isobutanol Wins Key Thumbs-up from Underwriters Labs

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Illinois, Underwriters Laboratories announced a joint research program has determined that gasoline fuel storage

December 23, 2013 Read Full Article

Senate Hearing Addresses 2014 RFS Proposal

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  The U.S. Senate Committee on Environment & Public Works held a hearing Dec. 11

December 12, 2013 Read Full Article

How Whisky Makers Could Soon Be Providing A Superior Biofuel

by Jeff Spross (ThinkProgress.org)  With any luck, future whisky fans may be able to enjoy their three fingers in the

November 21, 2013 Read Full Article

The Four Horsemen of the Financials: Gevo, Solazyme, Amyris Report for Q3

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In years gone by, it was not too hard to write up a summary of

November 7, 2013 Read Full Article

Carbon-Negative Biobutanol for $2 per Gallon? ITRI Says Its ButyFix Technology Has the Right Stuff

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Seeking low-carbon fuels, even negative carbon? Or, looking for a low-cost, cellulosic renewable fuel? Or,

November 4, 2013 Read Full Article
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generation vehicles NHRA drag racing Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrogen starvation nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota northern catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory North Korea Northwest Territories Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds NTSB nuclear Nunavut nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition nut shells oak oat hulls oats oat straw Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol off-take agreements Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Ohio oil oil embargo oil exploration oil monopoly oil price parity oil prices oil production oil refineries oil replacement Oils oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil speculators oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes Oklahoma olefins olive cake olive pits olives olive water Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) open fuel standard open pond optimized flex fuel vehicles orange peel orchard grass orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells OSHA Overseas Private Investment Corporation overview overview/survey course oxygen oxygenate ozone Pakistan Palau palm palm biomass palm fatty acid distillate palm fiber palm fronds palm kernel palm kernel oil palm kernel shell palm oil palm oil mill effluent (POME) palm oil prices palm waste Paludiculture/peatland cultivation Panama pandas panic grass papaya paper Papua Indonesia Papua New Guinea paraffins Paraguay parity partial waiver particulates pasture land Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) patents pathways Paulownia paulownia tree payments peaches peak oil peanuts/groundnuts peas pectin pellets 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flow diagram producer tax credit Production tax credit productivity project insurance propagating Propane/Biopropane/Renewable Propane propanol property insurance protectionism protein protests public comments public health policy Puerto Rico pulp Pulp/Paper Mill pump retrofit kit pumps pungam Punnai tree pyrolysis Q-RIN QAP Qatar quality assurance Quality Assurance Plans (QAPs) quality improvement quantum dots Quebec Queensland quote of the week R33 rabbits race radiata pine Rahal Letterman Lanigan Racing railroad rainforest RAND rare earth metal RD20 RD30 RD99 RD100 reclaimed mine lands recycled oil recycled plastics recycling red algae redcedar Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation refineries reforestation Reformate regenerative braking regenerative farming regulations Regulations-Federal Regulations-State Regulatory Enhancement Growth Support (REGS) Reid vapor pressure (RVP) remediation remediation rice straw Renewable Chemical renewable chemical producer tax incentive renewable chemical production tax credit Renewable Diesel/Green Diesel/Paraffinic Diesel Renewable Diesel/Green Diesel price renewable diesel pumps renewable diesel tax credit renewable diesel terminal Renewable Energy Renewable Energy Directive (RED and RED II) Renewable Energy Standard Renewable Energy to Fuels through Utilization of Energy-Dense Liquids (REFUEL) renewable fuel renewable fuel oil (RFO) Renewable Fuels Directive (EU) Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS2) revisions/repeal Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS and RFS2) renewable gasoline blendstock renewable marine diesel Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) price Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) pumps Renewable Portfolio Standards Renewable Power Standard Renewable Synthesized Iso-Paraffinic Fuels (SIP) Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation (RTFO) renewable volume obligation (RVO) replacement molecules Repowering Assistance Program repurpose research and development research facility resiliency resource depletion retail retrofit return on investment R Factor RFI (Request for Information) RFS "reset" RHD100 Rhizosphere Observations Optimizing Terrestrial Sequestration (ROOTS) Rhode Island Ricardo rice rice bran oil rice hulls rice husks rice straw RICO (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act) RIMPAC RINs (Renewable Identification Numbers) RINs markets RINs price risk management RJ-4 RJ-6 RME (rape methyl ester) RME180 RNA (Ribonucleic acid) roadmap rocket fuel Romania RON (Research Octane Number) rotation crops royalties RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber rumen ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Russia Russian olive rutabaga Rwanda ry rye Rye grass s saccharification Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower sago pond weed SAIC SAK sales Salicornia salt-tolerant saltbush saltcedar sal tree salt water Sanctions Santa Monica sardine oil Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Advisory Board (SAB) Science Policy Scotland scum sea level rise seashore mallow seawater Seaweed/Macroalgae seaweed cultivation Section 526 Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) seed-to-wheel seed husks Senegal Serbia sesame sewage Seychelles shale gas shale oil sheep shipping shipping containers shipworm Sierra Leone silica Silphie/cup plant/Indian cup silver silver maple simarouba Singapore sisal SK slash Slovakia Slovakia/Slovak Republic Slovenia sludge Small Business Administration small engines small refinery exemption (SRE) smokestack soap social cost social value social venture Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) soil soil amendments soil carbon soil health soil microbial biomass solar-to-fuels solar biofuels solar energy solar energy-to-chemical conversion solid oxide fuel cell Solutions solvent liquefaction Somalia soot sorghum sorghum oil sorghum stover South Africa South America South Australia South Carolina South Dakota Southeast Asia Southern Africa South Korea South Pacific South Sudan Soviet Union SOx (Sulfur oxides) soybean prices soybeans soy meal Spain spartina specifications sprawl spruce Sri Lanka Stakeholders standards start-up State Department Statistics steam explosion steam reformation steel stevia stillage storage tanks Straight (pure) Vegetable Oil (SVO or PVO) stranded assets Strategic Bioenergy Reserve straw students sub-Saharan Africa sub-sim (substantially similar) succinic acid sucrose Sudan sugar sugar-to-biodiesel sugar-to-farnesane sugar-to-jetfuel Sugar Beets/Energy Beets sugar cane sugar cane prices sugar cane straw Sugar kelp sugar palm sugar platform sugar prices sugars sugars-to-fats sugar standards sulfur Sumatra sunflower supercritical fluid supercritical hydrolysis supply agreements supply chain Supreme Court surahart Suriname Sustainability Swaziland Sweden sweetgum sweet potatoes Sweet sorghum swine waste Switchgrass Switzerland sycamore syngas syngas fermentation synthetic biology synthetic diesel synthetic gasoline synthetic methane Syria Tailoring Rule Taiwan Tajikistan tall fescue tall oil tallow tallow tree Tamarix tank-to-wheel tank cars tankers tanker trucks Tanzania tariff tariffs taro tar sands Tasmania tax benefit tax credit taxes tax incentives tax parity tax policy tea teach-the-teacher teacher teacher resources teacher training technical course technology transfer tech transfer telephone utility poles Tennessee termites terpenes terrestrial carbon testing Texas textbook Thailand theft therapeutics thermal deoxygenation thermocatalytic conversion thermochemical conversion Tier 3 Tier 4 tilapia tillage tires tobacco tobacco tree Togo Tokyo toluene Tonga tool Toronto torrefaction Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) trade trade dispute/discrimination trade group trade organization Trade Policy trade secrets training trains transesterification transgenics transition Transportation Fuels Policy Transportation Fuels Policy--Municipal Transportation Fuels Policy--State Transportation Policy Treasury Department trees Trinidad and Tobago triticale trucks tubers tung tunicate Tunisia Turkey Uganda UK (United Kingdom) Ukraine UL (Underwriters Laboratory) ULSD (ultra low sulfur diesel) underground storage tanks (UST) UNESCO United Arab Emirates (UAE) United Nations' International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) United Nations (UN) United States Auto Club Unleaded 88/E15 uranium urbanization urban sprawl Uruguay USAC US Agency for International Development (USAID) USAID US Army USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS) used cooking oil (UCO) used railroad ties US ethanol exports US Geological Survey US Product Safety Commission Utah utility model Uzbekistan value chain vanadium Vancouver Vanuatu Vatican VEETC vegetable oils Velocys Venezuela Vermont video Vietnam vinasse vinegar vineyard waste Virginia Virgin Islands. virgin oils viruses VLSFO (very low sulfur fuel oil) volunteers waiver Wales warranty 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