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Lifecycle Energy Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Corncob Ethanol in China

China, Feedstock, Feedstocks, Field/Orchard/Plantation Crops/Residues, Illinois, Iowa, Process, R & D Focus, Sustainability, University/College Programs
August 8, 2018
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by Yu Wang, Ming‐Hsun Cheng, Mark Mba Wright (Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining)  Converting corncobs into fuel ethanol is different from converting stover because cobs have higher hemicellulose and lower lignin than stover. Current research provides life‐cycle assessments of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions for stover ethanol but lacks such assessments for corncob ethanol. This study attempts to fill this gap by estimating the lifecycle energy consumption and carbon emissions for corncob ethanol using the GREET (Greenhouses gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy use in Transportation) model.

Our well‐to‐pump (WTP) estimate of fossil fuel consumption is 0.51–0.84 MJ MJ−1 of ethanol produced. The estimated GHG emissions are 39.44–49.97 gCO2eq/MJ of ethanol; about 90% is attributed to the conversion process.

If glucose and xylose are co‐fermented, it requires 10% less energy and emits about 20% fewer GHGs from well to pump. The estimates are sensitive to the variations in corn yield and hydropower supply. Pump‐to‐wheel emissions are also assessed for representative vehicles with spark‐ignition engines in China. We find that hybrid and plug‐in hybrid electric vehicles have 18–20% lower emissions than internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs), and flexible‐fuel vehicles using E85 have similar WTP emissions to ICEVs.   READ MORE

Could China’s waste mountains of corncobs fuel a greener future? (South China Morning News/Yahoo!)

China aims to turn farm waste into biofuel under nationwide ethanol plan (South China Morning News)

China ethanol push must not go to waste –Strategy not only produces a clean fuel but also helps reduce pollution, so farmers have to be convinced that burning leftovers is not the answer (South China Morning News)

Corncob biofuel could be greener than ethanol fuel produced by corn grain (Hydrogen Fuel News)

China corn rallies as Beijing signals support for ethanol plan (Reuters)

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Agricultural waste/residueChinaCorn cobscorn stoverE85Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV)ethanol/bioethanolfermentationflex-fuel vehicles (FFV)GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions)glucosehemicelluloseIllinoisIowalife cycle analysis (LCA)ligninPlug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV)xylose
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