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Railroad/Train/Locomotive Fuel

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How to Reduce CO2 GHG Emissions in the Transportation Sector

(Chevron Renewable Energy Group/Transport Topics) With the transportation sector being the largest source of GHG emissions in the U.S.1, the increasing number of both public- and private-sector entities with carbon reduction

February 28, 2023 Read Full Article

Biobased Diesel Industry Provides Fuel for US Economy’s Engine

by Paul Winter (Clean Fuels Alliance America/Biobased Diesel Daily) A new report details the important economic impacts biodiesel and renewable diesel have on the U.S. economy, particularly for farming, oilseed processing

February 28, 2023 Read Full Article

USD Clean Fuels Announces the Development of a New Biofuels Terminal in National City, CA that Will Supply the San Diego Region with Low Carbon Fuels

(USD Clean Fuels/Business Wire) USD Clean Fuels LLC (USDCF) announced its intention to build a new biofuels terminal in National City, CA that will have the capability to transload renewable diesel,

January 18, 2023 Read Full Article

Port Authority, Industry Partners, Test Low and Zero-Emission Fuels and Technologies at the Port of Vancouver

(Port of Vancouver)  At Canada’s largest port, a variety of low– and zero-emission fuels and technologies are being tested in support of the Vancouver Fraser Port Authority’s goal to create a zero-emission port by 2050. —  The Vancouver Fraser Port

December 9, 2022 Read Full Article

California Draft Rule Targets Train Pollution

by Anne C. Mulkern (Politico Pro) The proposal would affect the national rail industry, requiring all trains that enter the state to operate in zero-emission mode by 2035.  California is

November 29, 2022 Read Full Article

Rankings: Research and Development

by Mihail Spasov (Railway Technology)  … During the research period the rail industry has seen the need to move away from fossil fuels. Examples of this can be seen with the

November 29, 2022 Read Full Article

DG Fuels Signs Long-Term SAF and Carbon Credit Offtake Agreement

(DG Fuels) DG Fuels, LLC (“DGF”), an emerging leader in drop-in sustainable aviation fuel (“SAF”) production, announces the execution of a long-term agreement with an undisclosed investment grade industrial buyer

November 10, 2022 Read Full Article

Ready Mobile One: Siemens Jumps on the Peace Train with Ballard Fuel Cell Technology

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) The latest news from Germany concerns a technology that just can’t get enough attention, that’s the Siemens Mobility’s Mireo Plus H passenger trains. Ballard Power Systems

September 28, 2022 Read Full Article

Journey to Net Zero Carbon Global Transport Requires Many Routes

(American Journal of Transportation) Advanced Diesel Technology and Renewable Biofuels Deliver Important Near-term Carbon Reductions Now   — As leaders come together in New York during Climate Week NYC all decarbonization options

September 21, 2022 Read Full Article

Cummins QSK95 Engine Proven Fully Compatible With Renewable Diesel

(Cummins/Business Wire)  Cummins Inc. (NYSE: CMI) is pleased to announce that its popular Tier 4 QSK95 engine can be safely used with renewable diesel, without any negative impact to its current

September 21, 2022 Read Full Article

Soy’s Stake in Renewable Fuels

by Bethany Baratta (Iowa Soybean Association) … As a feedstock used in producing biodiesel and renewable diesel, the soybean industry and its farmers stand to gain from this increased demand.

September 16, 2022 Read Full Article

DB Regio Goes Greener with Biofuel-Powered Trains

(International Railway Journal) 57 trains are operating in Baden-Württemberg on fuel producing 90% fewer CO2 emissions than diesel. — German Rail (DB) and the state of Baden-Württemberg are now operating 57

September 5, 2022 Read Full Article

JR West to Switch to Diesel Biofuels

(NHK World-Japan)  Japanese rail operator West Japan Railway is moving to slash emissions by using biofuels in all its diesel trains by 2030. JR West’s president says the company wants to change

August 29, 2022 Read Full Article

Norfolk Southern, CSX Tout Progress on Sustainability

by Joanna Marsh (Freight Waves) Railroads’ goals include reducing locomotives’ GHG emissions, limiting train idling — … Among the efforts NS has undertaken to lower emissions are: Modernizing more than 100 locomotives

August 15, 2022 Read Full Article

Greener to the Island: DB Sylt Shuttle Refuels with Climate-Friendly Biofuel

(Deutsche Bahn (Google translation)) From now on, diesel trains on the Sylt Shuttle and Sylt Shuttle Plus will refuel with the climate-friendly biofuel HVO • Around 90 percent less greenhouse gas

August 5, 2022 Read Full Article

‘Biofuel Mania’ Takes Hold of France

by Eric Béziat (Le Monde) Thousands of French motorists are wondering whether they should switch to E85 superethanol because of its unbeatable price, around 0.90 euros per liter. — Jean-Michel

July 25, 2022 Read Full Article

Union Pacific Tests 100% Biobased Diesel Fuel in 4 Locomotives

(Union Pacific Railroad/Biobased Diesel Daily) Four Union Pacific locomotives providing service to a San Bernardino sand and gravel mine are running on 100 percent biobased diesel—the first time in Union

July 19, 2022 Read Full Article

Argentina: OptiFuel Gives Details on Deal to Switch 400 Locomotives to (Renewable) Natural Gas

(OptiFuel Systems/NGV Journal) OptiFuel Systems, a decarbonization solutions provider of products and systems for eliminating emissions in the rail, marine, and power generation markets, announced a collaboration agreement with the Argentina

July 18, 2022 Read Full Article

Businesses Eye Biofuels in Decarbonization Drive

by Hirotake Sano (Japan News-Yomiuri/Star Advertiser) Efforts to reuse cooking oil and food waste as biofuel are spreading among restaurant chains and food manufacturers. In addition to being an effective way

July 1, 2022 Read Full Article

On Track to Lower Emissions

by Katie Schroeder and Anna Simet (Biodiesel Magazine) Biodiesel has not been greatly incorporated into the locomotive industry for a number of reasons, but that may be poised to change.

June 14, 2022 Read Full Article

Alternative Fuels Are Today’s Solution Bridging the Gap Toward a Zero Emissions Future

by Lisa Colicchio (Metrolink/Biofuels Digest)  … Many advanced biofuels deliver up to 80 percent reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. Even more impressive than the emission reductions offered by advanced biofuels is

April 26, 2022 Read Full Article

TRAIN—a 5-letter word for EARTH MONTH

TRAIN locomotives can use sustainable, renewable fuel, too.  Diesel engines can use biodiesel mixtures or 100% renewable diesel. Amtrak uses diesel when electricity is not available. LEARN more: https://advancedbiofuelsusa.info/category/railroad-locomotive-fuel/  

April 4, 2022 Read Full Article

Argonne Researcher Tests New Approach to Lighten the Carbon Footprint of Locomotives

by Kristen Mally Dean (Argonne National Laboratory) Using hydrous ethanol as a dual fuel in internal combustion engines may help reduce greenhouse gases in the rail industry. — … Essam El-Hannouny,

March 30, 2022 Read Full Article

Decarbonisation Drive: Japan Businesses Eye Biofuels

(Asia News Network/Phnom Penh Post) Efforts to reuse cooking oil and food waste as biofuel are spreading among Japan’s restaurant chains and food manufacturers. In addition to being an effective way

March 29, 2022 Read Full Article

Union Pacific to Use Higher Biodiesel, Renewable Diesel Blends in Wabtec Locomotives

(Union Pacific Railroad/Biobased Diesel Daily) Union Pacific Railroad announced March 8 it will begin using a higher biodiesel blend in locomotives it acquired from Wabtec Corp. The new collaboration helps Union

March 8, 2022 Read Full Article

Opinion: Clean Fuel Production Is Growing Sustainably

by Donnell Rehagen (National Biodiesel Board/Clean Fuels Alliance America/Agri/Pulse) America’s demand for cleaner, better fuels is growing. Washington state recently joined Oregon and California in launching a clean fuels program. New

January 13, 2022 Read Full Article

CN and Progress Rail Partner with REG to Test Renewable Fuel Blends

(Green Car Congress) Canadian National Railway Company (CN) and Progress Rail, A Caterpillar Company are partnering with Renewable Energy Group (REG) to test high-level renewable fuel blends including both biodiesel and renewable diesel

November 30, 2021 Read Full Article

CN and Progress Rail Advance Sustainability Efforts with a Renewable Fuels Partnership

(Canadian National Railway Company/Associated Press)  Canadian National Railway Company (CN) and Progress Rail, a Caterpillar Company are partnering with Renewable Energy Group (REG) to test high-level renewable fuel blends including both

November 4, 2021 Read Full Article

Reducing Emissions, Boosting Efficiency, Using Renewable Fuels Drives the Future for Diesel Technology

(Diesel Technology Forum)  … “Globally, one out of every two economic sectors depend on diesel power. Trucks, trains, buses, marine workboats, as well as agricultural, forestry, mining and construction equipment rely almost exclusively on diesel. Even as new fuels and

November 2, 2021 Read Full Article

COMMENTARY: We Need a More Sophisticated Discussion on the Rail versus Domestic Flights Climate Issue

by Andy Smith (GreenAir Online)  In April this year, as part of climate measures to reduce carbon emissions, French MPs voted to ban flights on domestic routes that can be travelled by

October 27, 2021 Read Full Article

DOE Announces Nearly $8 Million for National Laboratory H2@Scale Projects to Help Reach Hydrogen Shot Goals

(U.S. Department of Energy)  Tthe U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) announced nearly $8 million for nine cooperative projects that will complement existing H2@Scale efforts and support DOE’s Hydrogen Shot goal to drive down the

October 7, 2021 Read Full Article

Union Pacific and Progress Rail Partner to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Locomotive Series’ Approved to Use Higher Biodiesel Blends

(Union Pacific) Union Pacific locomotives will be getting a boost of biodiesel fuel. Progress Rail, a Caterpillar company, approved the use of up to 20% biodiesel blend in specific EMD locomotive

August 23, 2021 Read Full Article

Bioenergy’s Role in Decarbonizing Economy: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to BETO & Biomass

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Biomass is the world’s largest generator of renewable energy and this slide guide from BETO’s Acting Director, Valerie Reed, highlights the role that bioenergy and

August 12, 2021 Read Full Article

Project to Run UK Locomotive on Biogas, Hydrogen Receives Gov’t Funding

(Bioenergy Insight)  UK rail freight provider Freightliner, working in partnership with a consortium of specialist suppliers, has secured government funding to develop a dual-fuel solution for the Class 66 locomotive.

July 20, 2021 Read Full Article

Spain: Repsol and Talgo Will Develop Renewable Hydrogen-Powered Train

(Repsol/NGV Journal) Repsol and Talgo will jointly develop projects to promote the creation of renewable hydrogen-powered trains and promote emission-free rail transport in the Iberian Peninsula. The agreement has been signed

July 19, 2021 Read Full Article

Trains, Planes and CO2 Emissions

by Matthew Choi (Politico’s Morning Energy)  Aviation is a leading source of emissions in Europe, and absent an immediate way to reduce CO2, European governments are trying to reduce the

May 10, 2021 Read Full Article

All Aboard: From NorCal to SoCal, New Generation of Diesel to Deliver Clean Air, Climate Benefits to California Rail Commuters and Residents

(Diesel Technology Forum)  LA’s Metrolink and Bay Area’s Capitol Corridor Commuter Rail Service Both Invest in New Advanced Diesel Engines Powered with 100% Renewable Diesel  —  Key commuter rail providers in

April 27, 2021 Read Full Article

Freight Railroads & Climate Change

(Association of American Railroads) … And AAR and its members have formed a dedicated working group to understand new lower-or-zero-carbon fuel technologies and other climate-related issues … Another potential fuel

March 1, 2021 Read Full Article

Biomethane-Powered Railcars Could Be Introduced in the UK

(Bioenergy Insight)  Lightweight railcars powered by biomethane derived from human, farm, and food waste could be introduced in the UK. Ultra Light Rail Partners has received a £60,000 (€66,700) Innovate

January 5, 2021 Read Full Article

GPS Group and VARO Energy Embark on Further Expansion: Port of Amsterdam Set for New Rail System

(Varo) Through their close partnership GPS will develop a rail handing system as well as dedicated ethanol storage for VARO.  The expansion follows GPS-A having commissioned c.134 thousand m3 of Class 1

November 13, 2020 Read Full Article

Renewable Natural Gas Hybrid Line-Haul Locomotive under Development

(OptiFuel)   OptiFuel Systems, a system integrator of Cummins and BAE Systems hybrid power products for decarbonizing the rail, marine, and microgrid power market, is in the process of finalizing a

July 29, 2020 Read Full Article

In 2020 and Beyond, Freight and Passenger Rail Rely on Diesel

(Diesel Technology Forum)  … Near-zero emissions, suitability for hybridization and electrification and the ability to utilize more advanced renewable biofuels are all key features of advanced diesel technology today and

April 14, 2020 Read Full Article

KAI, Servo Railway Collaborate to Design B100-Run Locomotive

by Faisal Yunianto and Sri Haryati (Antara News)  State-owned railway company PT Kereta Api Indonesia (KAI) Persero is working with private logistical railway service firms Servo Railway and Progress Rail

October 1, 2019 Read Full Article

KiwiRail Firms up Plans for Biodiesel Trials Despite Supply Doubts

by Meriana Johnsen (Newsie)  KiwiRail is set to trial biodiesel on some trains and ferries, but it cannot source enough to switch completely anytime soon. A six-to-12-month trial on off-peak Wellington

June 18, 2019 Read Full Article

B20 Fuel Compatible with Train Engines, Ministry Says

(Jakarta Post)  After completing a six-month study on the use of B20 biodiesel on train locomotives, the government concluded that the B20 fuel — a blend of 20 percent of biofuel

December 26, 2018 Read Full Article

CCJPA Eyes Renewable Diesel to Power Trains for a Sustainable Future

by Danielle Halprin  (Capitol Corridor) … One action now underway is the replacement of petroleum diesel with the more environmentally friendly renewable diesel to power Capitol Corridor trains. In late 2017, we tested one of

July 30, 2018 Read Full Article

Krollen Strukton Rail Now Works on Sustainable Biofuels

(Good Fuels (Google Translation))  Strukton Rail, together with GoodFuels (supplier of sustainable biofuels) and Hans de Baat Olieprodukten BV (distributor), signs a multi-year cooperation agreement to reduce the CO2 emissions of the

May 30, 2018 Read Full Article

18 New Biodiesel Fuelled Trains Coming to the Netherlands

(Biofuels International)  Arriva has been named as the winner of the next contract to operate regional passenger rail services in Groningen and Friesland, the Netherlands. The move will see 18

July 20, 2017 Read Full Article

Railways Goes Slow on Biodiesel Blending Due to Fluctuating Prices

(The Hindu Business Line)  Indian Railways has gone slow on bio-diesel blending due to fluctuating prices, according to the Railway Convention Committee (RCC) report, tabled in Parliament recently. According to

April 5, 2017 Read Full Article

With Its First Biodiesel-Fuelled Train, Bengaluru Division to Join Green Wagon

by S Lalitha (The New Indian Express)  An eco-friendly initiative will be launched at City Railway Station on Monday when the Chennai-Mysuru Shatabdi Express will be run on diesel blended

December 11, 2015 Read Full Article

Romanian Manufacturer Introduces First Biodiesel-Run Locomotive

(Romania Insider)  Locomotive producer Reloc – Electroputere VFU Craiova has developed the first locomotive in Romania which runs exclusively on biodiesel or vegetable oil, with no added fuel. The engine

September 23, 2015 Read Full Article

Railways to Use Bio-Diesel in a Big Way

by R. Rajaram (The Hindu)  It will account for 5 p.c. of the total diesel consumption in the railways  —  Southern Railway has decided to use bio-diesel in a big way

September 11, 2015 Read Full Article

India to Power Trains with Biodiesel

(Biofuels International)  Indian Central Railway (CR) has completed its first year of biodiesel production at its workshop in the Parel area of Mumbai. The plant has produced nearly 20,000 litres

August 10, 2015 Read Full Article

Swedish Train Operator to Convert Feet to Biodiesel by 2020

(Global Rail News)  Swedish operator Inlandsbanan AB has said it hopes to convert its entire fleet of passenger and freight vehicles to bio-diesel by 2020.  Inlandsbanan AB has received funding from

June 30, 2015 Read Full Article

Cabinet Also Allows Private Manufacturers of Bio-Diesel to Sell It Directly to Consumers such as the Railways

by Vidhi Choudhary and Sayantan Bera (Live Mint)  On Friday, the cabinet also decided to allow private manufacturers of bio-diesel to sell it directly to users such as Indian Railways,

January 20, 2015 Read Full Article

World’s First Carbon-Neutral Higher-Speed Locomotive

by Joshua S. Hill (CleanTechnica.com)  The Coalition for Sustainable Rail (CSR) announced Tuesday plans to create the world’s first carbon-neutral higher-speed locomotive. The plan is simple: “create the world’s cleanest,

May 29, 2012 Read Full Article

Railway in Hyogo Unveils Biodiesel-Fueled Train

(The Japan Times)  Japan’s first train to run on biodiesel fuel, in this case refined edible oil, has taken to the tracks in Hyogo Prefecture. Hojo Railway Co., a third-sector

October 20, 2010 Read Full Article

Norfolk Southern Railway and Electro-Motive Diesel Inc. (EMD) Partnering to Test Biodiesel for Locomotive Fuel Applications

(Progressive Railroading)  Under “one of the most extensive testing programs to date on the use of biodiesel fuel for locomotives,” eight SD70M-2 units and two MP15 switchers manufactured by EMD

April 15, 2010 Read Full Article

Iowa Interstate Railroad to Test Biodiesel; Special Railroad Biodiesel Update

Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)   In Iowa, the Iowa Interstate Railroad in Cedar Rapids, Iowa announced it has commenced testing B10 and B20 biodiesel blends supplied by Renewable Energy Group. As

September 17, 2009 Read Full Article

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blendstock diesel prices Diesel R5 Diesel Renewable Diesel/Green Diesel/HVO/Paraffinic Diesel diesel with renewables digital Digital Biology diisobutylene (DIB) dilute acid hydrolysis pretreatment DIN 51605 DIN EN 15376 (Ethanol blending component) direct-to-fuel direct air capture directed evolution direct injection direct ocean capture Direct Sugar to Hydrocarbon Conversion (DSHC) dispense distillates distillation distilled biodiesel distilled palm methyl ester (DPME) distilleries distributed/centralized distribution distribution capacity distribution waiver diversification divestment DME/rDME (dimethyl ether)/renewable DME DMF (2.5-dimethylfuran) Dominican Republic double cropping drawdown Drones/Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) drop-in biofuels/hydrocarbons drought drought-resistant drought tolerant dry ice dual cropping Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol E0 E0 price E2 E3 E4 E5 E5 price E6 E7 E8 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E40 E40 pumps E50 E75 E78 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E95 E97 E98 E100 E100 conversion kit earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED95 education educational business private educational tour Education Series 3030 efficiency Egypt Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric Vehicle (EV) Prices electric grid electricity electricity/power generation electricity/power transmission electricity price electrocatalysis electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels (e-fuels) electroly electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) electrons Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants El Salvador eminent domain emissions emissions standards EN 228 EN 590 EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 end-of-life Endangered Species Act (ESA) end user Energy Bill energy cane energy consumption energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy prices Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine/Fuel Co-optimization Engine Development engineering engine problems England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment environmental impact study (EIS) Environmentalists environmental justice/socially inclusive environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic depolymerization enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling enzymes EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) esg ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) ethane ethanol Ethanol-to-Gasoline (ETG) ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G ethanol benefits ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol blend wall ethanol emissions ethanol ether diesel fuel ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol to gas Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethylbenzene ethylene ethyl levulinate (EL) ets eucalyptus European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order executive order--state externalities extremophiles f F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farmers farming farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices Feedstocks feedstock storage feedstock transportation fermentation ferry fertilizer F Factor fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch/FT Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flavors flax Fleets fleet turnover fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources forestry Forest Service forklifts fossil carbon fossil fuel Frace fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) free fatty acids (FFA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon gallium games gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasificatio gasification gasoline gasoline-range hydrocarbons gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gas prices gas tax/highway user fee Gemany General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal Germany Gerrmany Ghana ghg GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) giant cane Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo gliricidia sepium global warming glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grains grain sorghum/milo grain speculators GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grease Great Green Fleet Greece green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy Green Jobs Greenland Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana gypsum Haiti Halophytes harvesting harvest site processing Hawai'i hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ health health benefits health effects heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel heat of combustion heat of vaporization Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras Honge tree nuts Hong Kong horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO20 HVO100 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrids Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrocarbon fuels hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen hydrogen aircraft hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogen carrier hydrogen combustion engines hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen leaks hydrogenolysis hydrogen pipeline hydrogen price hydrogen pumps hydrogen terminal hydropower Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal gasification hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export India Indiana Indian grass indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesi Indonesia industrial burners industrial ethanol industrial gases industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated biorefineries integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine internal combustion engine/gasoline engine ban International international balance of payments International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Sustainability and Carbon Certification model(ISCC) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit Invvesting ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron iron oxide IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isobutylene isomerisation isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA Jamaica Japan jatobá Jatropha Jersey Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 jet B Jetfuel (Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs Joint Office of Energy and Transportation jojoba Jordan JP-4 JP-5 JP-8 JP-10 Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education kalanchoe Kansas Kans grass Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati knotweed Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kusum Kuwait Kygryzstan labels labor policy Labrador lactic acid Lake County lamp oil landfill methane Landfills land ownership land prices land rights landscape land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead leaf ant Lebanon lecithin legislation Legislation-Federal Legislation-State lemna Lesotho lesquerella leucaena Liberia Libya licensing lichens life cycle analysis (LCA) light rail lignin Lignin Ethanol Oil (LEO) Lignocellulosic Biofuel lignocellulosic sugars lime Lipid liquefaction liquid liquid petroleum gas (LPG) liquid transportation fuels Liquified Biogas (LBG) Liquified Biogas (LBG) pumps liquified biomethane (LBM) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logist logistics long-term contracts Louisiana low c low carbon emissions low carbon octane standard (LCOS) Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel low sulfur fuel low sulfur marine fuel lubricants lumber mill Luxembourg M3 M15 M100 macadamia macauba Macedonia machine learning macororo Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona mandate mandates manganese mango mangrove Manitoba mannose manure maps marginal land Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) price Marine/maritime renewable fuel terminal/bunkering marine algae Marine Corps Marine Diesel Oil (MDO) Marine Gas Oil (MGO) market forces marketing markets/sales market share Mars Marshall Islands Maryland Masdar Institute Massachusetts mass balance standard Master Limited Partnership (MLP) Mauritius meat mechanics training medical waste MEEC membranes mergers and acquisitions mesquite methan methanation methane/ methane/biomethane methane leaks methani methanization Methanol/Biomethanol/Renewable Methanol methanol fuel cells methanol price Mexico Michelin GreenX Challenge Michigan micro-crop microalgae microbial electrosynthesis microbiology microo microorganisms/microbes Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels millet millettia pinnata milo stover mineralization minerals mining Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold molinia molybdenum MON (Motor Octane Number) Monaco Mongolia mongongo monitoring/measuring reporting verifiction (MRV) Montana moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles motors MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES3 (MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator model) MOVES2014 Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed mvr Myanmar n-butanol n-butene nahar Namibia nano nanocatalysts nanocellulose nanomaterials nano particles naphtha/bionaphtha/renewable naphtha naphthene NASCAR National Academies of Science National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) National Environmental Policy Act National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Laboratory Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Oilheat Research Alliance National Research Council National Science Foundation (NSF) national security National Security Council National Transportation Safety Board National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) Native American tribes natural g natural gas natural gas input natural gasoline natural gas prices natural gas vehicles Navy Nebraska neem negative carbon emissions neodymium Nepal net energy balance Netherland Netherlands Nevada New Brunswick Newfoundland Newfoundland and Labrador new fuel approval New Guinea New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New South Wales New York New Zealand next generation biofuels next generation vehicles Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakora North Dakota Northeast Northern Ireland Northern Territory North Korea Northwest Territories Norway Noth Dakota Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds nuclear Nunavut nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition nut shells oak oat hulls oats oat straw Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) Office of Science Technology and Policy (OSTP) Offices of Inspector Generals offtake agreements Ohio oil oil/gas terminals oil embargo oil exploration oil p oil price parity oil prices oil production oil ref oil refineries oil replacement Oils oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes Oklahoma olefins oligomerization olive cake olive oil olive pits olives olive water Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm ammonia production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing one p one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontaio Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) open fuel standard opportunity zones optimized flex fuel vehicles orange peel orchard grass orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) osage orange OSHA overview overview/survey course owa oxygen oxygenate ozone Pakistan Palau palm 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renewable diesel pipelines Renewable Diesel Production renewable diesel pumps renewable diesel tax credit renewable diesel terminal Renewable Energy Renewable Energy Directive (RED/RED II/RED III) Renewable Energy Standard Renewable Energy to Fuels through Utilization of Energy-Dense Liquids (REFUEL) renewable fuel renewable fuel oil (RFO) Renewable Fuels Directive (EU) renewable fuels of non-biological origin (RFNBO) Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS2) revisions/repeal Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS and RFS2) renewable gasoline blendstock renewable marine diesel Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) price Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) pumps Renewable Portfolio Standards Renewable Power Standard Renewable Synthesized Iso-Paraffinic Fuels (SIP) Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation (RTFO) renewable volume obligation (RVO) RenovaBio replacement molecules Repowering Assistance Program repurpose research and development research facility resiliency retail retrofit return on investment R Factor RFI (Request for Information) RFS "reset" RHD100 Rhizosphere Observations Optimizing Terrestrial Sequestration (ROOTS) Rhode Island rhododendron rice rice bran rice bran oil rice hulls rice husks rice price rice straw/paddy straw RICO (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act) RIMPAC RINs (Renewable Identification Numbers) RINs markets RINs price risk management RJ-4 RJ-6 RME (rape methyl ester) RME180 RNA (Ribonucleic acid) RNG tax credit roadmap rocket fuel Romania RON (Research Octane Number) rosin rotation crops royalties RP-1 RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Rural Renewable Energy Pilot Program rushes Russia rutabaga Rwanda rye Rye grass s saccharification SAF10 SAF30 SAF40 Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower SAF pipeline sago pond weed SAK Salicornia salt-tolerant saltbush salt water Sanctions Santa Monica Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Advisory Board (SAB) Science Policy scooters Scotland scum sea level rise seaports seashore mallow seawater Seaweed/Macroalgae seaweed cultivation second-generation biofuel income tax credit Section 526 Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) seed husks Senegal Serbia sesame sewage Seychelles shale shale gas shale oil shark oil sheep shipping shipping containers Sierra Leone silica Silphie/cup plant/Indian cup silver simarouba Singapore Singpore SK slash Slovakia Slovakia/Slovak Republic Slovenia sludge Small Business Administration small engines small refinery exemption (SRE) smog soapstock Social social benefit investing social cost social value social venture Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) soi soil soil amendments soil carbon soil health soil microbial biomass solar energy solar energy-to-chemical conversion solar fuel solaris solar thermochemical hydrogen (STCH) solid oxide fuel cell 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fluid supercritical hydrolysis supply agreements supply chain Supreme Court surahart Surface Transportation Board Suriname sustain Sustainability Swaziland Sweden sweetgum sweet potatoes Sweet sorghum swine waste Switchgrass Switzerland syngas syngas/gas fermentation synthesised aromatic kerosene (SAK) synthetic biology synthetic diesel synthetic gasoline synthetic kerosene synthetic liquified gas (SLG) synthetic methane/e-methane synthetic natural gas Syria Tailoring Rule Taiwan Tajikistan tall oil tallow tallow tree tamanu/nyamplung tank cars tankers tanker trucks Tanzania tariffs taro tar sands Tasmania tax benefit tax credit taxes tax incentives tax parity tax policy teach-the-teacher teacher teacher resources teacher training technical course Technical Readiness Levels techno-economic analysis technology transfer tech transfer telephone utility poles Tennessee termites terpenes terrestrial carbon testing Texas textbook Thailand theft therapeutics Thermal catalytic depolymerization 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