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Advanced Biofuels USA: promoting the understanding, development and use of advanced biofuels around the world.

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Gulfstream G700 Caps Successful and Sustainable Year in Flight Test

(Professional Pilot/Gulfstream) 83% of All-New G700 Testing Conducted on Sustainable Aviation Fuel Blend —  Gulfstream Aerospace Corp. today announced the all-new Gulfstream G700 has made great strides in its flight-test program and is capping 2021 with additional accomplishments, including the use of a sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) blend on 83% of

December 23, 2021 Read Full Article

U.S. again Presses OPEC+ as It Weighs Reserve Release

by Timothy Gardner and Alexandra Alper (Reuters) … The White House on Friday pressed the OPEC producer group again to maintain adequate global supply, days after U.S. discussions with some of the world’s biggest economies over potentially releasing oil from strategic reserves to quell high energy prices. The Biden administration has asked

November 22, 2021 Read Full Article

G-20 Fossil-Fuel Support Hits Nearly $600 Billion in 2020

by Victoria Cuming and Maia Godemer (BloombergNEF) The Group-of-20 countries have made headlines in recent months with some new pledges to achieve “net-zero” CO2 emissions by 2050 or, in China’s case, by 2060. But back in the here-and-now many of these nations continue to provide major funding for the production and

November 4, 2021 Read Full Article

From Waste to Resource: Can Recycling CO2 Help Saudi Arabia Go Green?

(Saudi Green Initiative/Independent)  …  To reduce its carbon footprint further, Saudi Arabia is now investing in carbon capture, utilisation and storage (CCUS) projects that turn carbon dioxide into useful and saleable products. … Aramco has also been working on capture, storage and transport solutions for passenger cars as well as trucks. They

September 24, 2021 Read Full Article

Is Hydrogen the New Oil?

by Fred Pearce (China Dialogue)  Hydrogen may have lost the race to fuel electric cars but it looks a likely contender to replace fossil fuels in trucks, ships, planes and heavy industry — …  Japan, once a passionate advocate of nuclear energy, now has serious hydrogen ambitions. The country has the

September 23, 2021 Read Full Article

Let’s Prioritize American Renewable Fuels over Foreign Oil and Minerals

by Geoff Cooper (Renewable Fuels Association/The Hill)  …  But what’s not easy to see is why the White House recently chose to respond to higher pump prices by pushing OPEC+ countries to increase oil production. It was a baffling move that raised eyebrows across the political spectrum. After all, calling on countries

August 23, 2021 Read Full Article

Big Oil Companies Push Hydrogen as Green Alternative, but Obstacles Remain

by Sarah McFarlane (Wall Street Journal)  BP, Shell want to make the gas using renewable energy, but doing so remains expensive — Big oil companies have long touted hydrogen energy as a way to reduce carbon emissions. Now they are grappling with how to make that a reality. BP BP 3.36% PLC, Royal Dutch Shell RDS.A 3.67% PLC and TotalEnergies SE are all

July 26, 2021 Read Full Article

We Can Love Electric Cars, but Let’s Not Spurn Biofuels

by Dan Morgan (The Globalist)  Right now, electric cars have the momentum and the “inevitability” narrative on their side. Is the idea of pursuing two paths forward a waste of money?   … The Biden administration’s ambitious infrastructure proposal sets aside $174 billion to subsidize electric cars, but little for biofuels. As

July 16, 2021 Read Full Article

Biden Team Spoke to Saudis, UAE About OPEC Talks, Oil Prices

by Jordan Fabian and Josh Wingrove (Bloomberg)  Crude have soared as the two countries argue over production; Psaki says White House ‘encouraged’ by ongoing OPEC talks —  Biden administration officials are “encouraged” by ongoing OPEC talks and have spoken with officials in Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates in hopes

July 7, 2021 Read Full Article

ACWA Power Signs MoU with Neutral Fuels to Supply Saudi Arabia’s Red Sea Project

(ACWA Power)  ACWA Power, a leading Saudi developer, investor and operator of power generation and desalinated water plants, has signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Neutral Fuels, the GCC’s largest biofuel producer, for future collaboration on the supply of its Net Zero Biofuel™ for Saudi Arabia’s most ambitious regenerative

June 2, 2021 Read Full Article

Green Hydrogen: Can It Power a Carbon-Free Economy?

by Jim Robbins (Energy Today) Saudi Arabia is constructing a futuristic city in the desert on the Red Sea called Neom. The $500 billion city — complete with flying taxis and robotic domestic help — is being built from scratch and will be home to a million people. And what

May 17, 2021 Read Full Article

Will Green Hydrogen Fulfill High Hopes for Trucking and Shipping Emissions?

by Angeli Mehta (Reuters Events) While there’s debate over whether the technology stacks up against batteries for long-distance trucking, the case in maritime usage seems more clear-cut. Angeli Mehta reports “Everyone loves hydrogen,” observed Fatih Birol, executive director of the International Energy Agency (IAE), recently during a recent conference called to discuss an

March 19, 2021 Read Full Article

Haldor Topsoe to Build Large-Scale SOEC Electrolyzer Manufacturing Facility to Meet Customer Needs for Green Hydrogen Production

by Ulrik Frøhlke (Haldor Topsoe) Topsoe will invest in a manufacturing facility producing highly efficient solid oxide electrolyzers (SOEC) with a total capacity of 500 megawatt per year with the option to expand to 5 gigawatt per year. With efficiencies above 90%, Topsoe’s proprietary SOEC electrolyzers offer superior performance in

March 8, 2021 Read Full Article

Supply, Projects, Policy, Challenges, Trends: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to Green Hydrogen

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Making green hydrogen from water via electrolysis, or from waste — what’s real in the projects being discussed, the applications, the sources? What’s not going to happen, soon (or ever), are the end markets stronger in chemistry, hydrotreating, or fuel cells? 1898 & Co.’s Dave

February 3, 2021 Read Full Article

Waste Makes Haste – D.O.E., SABIC, TOTAL, PLASTIC ENERGY Racing to Recycle Plastics into Higher-Value Materials

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Last week, the U.S. Department of Energy released the Plastics Innovation Challenge Draft Roadmap and a Request for Information seeking stakeholder input on the Draft Roadmap. Originally announced in November 2019, the Plastics Innovation Challenge is a comprehensive program to accelerate innovations in energy-efficient plastics recycling

February 2, 2021 Read Full Article

Hydrogen Production Is Set to Increase 5000% in Just 5 Years

by Alex Kimani (OilPrice.com) After decades of stagnation and multiple false dawns, the hydrogen economy appears primed for a major takeoff. A growing number of countries and industries are proactively investing in hydrogen technologies, with hydrogen being touted as the ‘fuel of the future.’ Meanwhile, industry experts are predicting that hydrogen could become a globally traded

December 18, 2020 Read Full Article

Biden Energy Plan May Be More Similar to Trump Policy than Expected

by Patti Domm (CNBC) • Former Vice President Joe Biden may have greener goals for U.S. energy, but he will not end or sharply curtail oil and gas fracking, energy experts concur.  • His $2 trillion plan would encourage investment in infrastructure, electric vehicles, renewable energy, efficient buildings and in

November 3, 2020 Read Full Article

Top 5: Solar Costs Are Dropping. How Does It Impact Fuels?

by Tammy Klein (Future Fuel Strategies) … Items I selected this month include: •  Solar Costs Declining Quickly: More quickly than even the IEA has projected. That will have consequences in transport that includes cheaper EV charging, green hydrogen and electrofuels. Car Bans in the U.S.: Could we see other states follow

October 29, 2020 Read Full Article

Global Fuel Standards Are Pushing the Dirtiest Oil out of the Market

by Michael J. Coren (Quartz) Not all oil is equal. We think of petroleum as equivalent whether it comes from the ground in Saudi Arabia or Texas. But that’s not quite right. There are hundreds of grades of fuels out there, each with different carbon footprints—and different impacts on the climate.

October 13, 2020 Read Full Article

Haldor Topsoe Joins Ambitious Sustainable Fuel Project in Denmark

by Svend Ravn  (Haldor Topsoe)  – The project aims to develop a ground-breaking hydrogen and sustainable fuel facility based on electrolysis in the Greater Copenhagen Area.  -The project is expected to be executed by 2030 in three stages, achieving the capacity of 10 megawatts (MW) in 2023, 250 MW in 2027,

August 31, 2020 Read Full Article

Q&A: A Model for Low-Carbon Fuels in the Global Energy Transition

by Alan P. Mammoser (Biodiesel Magazine) Biofuels will likely play an important role in a hoped-for transformation to a low-carbon economy. According to the International Renewable Energy Agency, they will need to play a large role in the direct application of renewables to decarbonize heavy transport including road freight, shipping and

July 24, 2020 Read Full Article

World’s Largest Green Hydrogen Project Will Use Haldor Topsoe Ammonia Technology

(Haldor Topsoe) A $5 billion dollar green hydrogen production facility to be sited in NEOM, Saudi Arabia, will include Topsoe’s proven ammonia technology. The planned green ammonia loop will be the world’s largest on a par with the Gulf Coast Ammonia facility to be built in Texas, US, which will

July 20, 2020 Read Full Article

World Biggest Oil Majors Set Collective Goal to Cut Carbon Emissions

by Charles Kennedy (OilPrice.com) Some of the biggest oil companies in the world set their first joint target to cut their collective carbon emissions from upstream operations in a move that saw Saudi Aramco and ExxonMobil joining European majors in pledging reduced carbon intensity.   The Oil and Gas Climate Initiative

July 17, 2020 Read Full Article

Coronavirus Will Hasten ‘Peak Oil’ by Three Years, Says Research Firm

by Myles McCormick (Financial Times)  Rystad Energy says its estimate of recoverable barrels of crude has dropped by 282bn  — An influential research firm has cut its estimate of potential oil production by an amount that exceeds the reserves of Saudi Arabia, as the coronavirus crisis accelerates longer-term structural changes

June 22, 2020 Read Full Article

The Great Texas Oil Shutdown Has Begun

by James Osborne, Sergio Chapa and Erin Douglas  (Houston Chronicle) …  The mass shutdown of Texas oil fields has begun after an unprecedented crash that last week drove crude prices into negative territory for the first time in history. From the Permian Basin in the west to the Haynesville Shale

April 27, 2020 Read Full Article

White House Likely to Pursue Federal Aid for Shale Companies Hit by Oil Shock, Coronavirus Downturn

by Jeff Stein, Will Englund, Steven Mufson and Robert Costa (Washington Post) … The White House is strongly considering pushing federal assistance for oil and natural gas producers hit by plummeting oil prices amid the coronavirus outbreak, as industry officials close to the administration clamor for help, according to four people

March 10, 2020 Read Full Article

Oil’s Epic Crash Reminds Farmers They’re Also Energy Traders

by Isis Almeida, Michael Hirtzer, and Jen Skerritt (Bloomberg) Oil’s nosedive is sending farmers a stark reminder: they also need to be energy traders.  —  Growers have become more vulnerable to energy swings over the past decades as nations from the U.S. to Brazil mandated the use of biofuels. About a

March 10, 2020 Read Full Article

New Catalyst Recycles Greenhouse Gases into Fuel and Hydrogen Gas

(Science Daily/The Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST))  Scientists have taken a major step toward a circular carbon economy by developing a long-lasting, economical catalyst that recycles greenhouse gases into ingredients that can be used in fuel, hydrogen gas, and other chemicals. The results could be revolutionary in

March 5, 2020 Read Full Article

International Leaders Tour the State’s Ethanol Production Chain

by Noah Fish (Post Bulletin/AgriNews) High-level officials from Middle Eastern and African countries were in Minnesota this week to learn more about the U.S. ethanol production process. The state tour, which kicked off in Eyota at the Kwik Trip fuel blending site on Wednesday, was hosted by the U.S. Grains

October 18, 2019 Read Full Article

Ethanol’s Impact Lauded in Wake of Saudi Attack

by Candace Krebs (Ag Journal) … “What people don’t realize is that shale provides a particular very light type of oil, and we can’t use that exclusively with the way our refineries are configured,” explains Scott Richman, chief economist for the Renewable Fuels Association. “Total imports of oil into U.S. have

October 3, 2019 Read Full Article

‘Very Engaged’ Trump Talks Biofuels Policy with U.S. Oil-State Senators

by Stephanie Kelly (Reuters)  President Donald Trump on Thursday discussed biofuels policy with senators from U.S. oil states, including Louisiana Senator Bill Cassidy, who said the president was engaged on the issue that has pitted Big Oil and Big Corn against each other. The oil industry is opposed to the

September 20, 2019 Read Full Article

New Study Stresses Ethanol’s Benefits for Energy Security

(Renewable Fuels Association) A new study shows that the Renewable Fuel Standard not only saves drivers money at the gas pump every day, but also enhances energy security by greatly reducing or even eliminating the blow to our nation’s drivers when global oil production is disrupted. The analysis confirms that the growing supply

September 19, 2019 Read Full Article

In Wake of Saudi Attacks, Ethanol Can Help Provide Real Energy Security

(Renewable Fuels Association) Drone attacks Saturday in Saudi Arabia destroyed oil fields and caused a record spike in oil prices overnight, again calling into question claims that increased U.S. oil production has made America energy independent. The following is a statement from Renewable Fuels Association President and CEO Geoff Cooper: “The

September 16, 2019 Read Full Article

SABIC and Customers Launch Certified Circular Polymers from Mixed Plastic Waste

(SABIC)  o  SABIC and customers Unilever, Vinventions and Walki Group will introduce ISCC certified circular polymers in 2019 during a market foundation stage. SABIC’s certified circular polymers will be produced in The Netherlands from a recycled plastic waste feedstock developed by PLASTIC ENERGY and offer a drop-in alternative for customers

February 3, 2019 Read Full Article

JAZADCO to Build Biodiesel Plant at $15 mln in Capital

(Argaam) Jazan Energy and Development Co. (JAZADCO) has signed a joint venture agreement with Delante Trading Corp to build a biodiesel plant at a SAR 56.25 million in capital, the company said in a statement to Tadawul. … The new JV will be located in King Abdullah Economic City (KAEC) and

December 21, 2018 Read Full Article

G20 Countries Must Act Quickly to Decarbonise The Transport Sector

(Agora Verkehrswende)  According to a new report, CO2 emissions from transport are still rising. If immediate action is not taken, more radical measures will be unavoidable in the future.  —   To keep global temperature rise well below 2 degrees Celsius, the world’s leading economies must act immediately to reduce transport emissions.

December 11, 2018 Read Full Article

Biodiesel By-Product Helps Fuel Come Clean

(King Abdullah University of Science and Technology/Phys.org)  … This work on glycerol carbonate also supports Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 initiative, which aims to diversify the Kingdom’s economy from its current reliance on the oil industry. (Binod) Giri explains that this research stems from the idea that some of the hydrocarbons

December 5, 2018 Read Full Article

Saudi Arabia Shows Need to End Addiction to Middle Eastern Oil

by Jim Talent (The Hill/Americans for Energy Security and Innovation)  Following the mysterious death of columnist Jamal Khashoggi, Washington was hit with a stark reminder that America remains glaringly vulnerable to economic threats from the oil oligarchs of the world. Saudi Arabia quickly issued a warning that any sanctions will be met with

October 24, 2018 Read Full Article

Renewables Could Drastically Cut Tailpipe Emissions

(King Abdullah University of Science and Technology/EurekAlert)  Switching to renewable fuels could significantly lower exhaust emissions of toxic nitrogen oxides (NOx) as well as curbing global greenhouse gas emissions. Researchers at KAUST have combined computer analysis with laser-based NOx concentration measurements to understand NOx production pathways in different fuel types. The

August 24, 2018 Read Full Article

Solar Fuels Working Well under Pressure

(King Abdullah University of Science and Technology/EurekAlert)  Highly fuel-efficient new engine designs could significantly reduce the environmental impact of vehicles, especially if the engines run on renewable nonpetroleum-based fuels. Ensuring these unconventional fuels are compatible with next-generation engines was the aim of a new computational study on fuel ignition behavior at

August 24, 2018 Read Full Article

Iran to Trump: Oil Will Cost $100 per Barrel, and It Is Your Fault

by Alex Lawler (Reuters)  Oil will soon cost $100 per barrel due to supply disruptions caused by U.S. President Donald Trump, Iran’s OPEC Governor told Reuters on Thursday, as he warned expectations that Saudi Arabia and Russia would help bring down prices were in vain. Trump again accused the Organization of

July 6, 2018 Read Full Article

‘Keep It In The Ground’ Activists Optimistic Despite Oil Boom

by Jeff Brady (National Public Radio)  The United States oil business is booming and the country could soon be the largest crude oil producer in the world. Despite this record-breaking production, climate change activists campaigning to move away from fossil fuels say they are making progress. Here’s the idea underpinning the “keep

March 16, 2018 Read Full Article

Opinion: Putin Has Finally Gone Too Far

by David Ignatius (The Washington Post) … So how can the United States and its closest allies alter (Russian President Vladimir) Putin’s behavior, if they’re truly serious about holding Russia to account? The answer, say several former senior CIA officials, is to use America’s network of alliances to put Russia

March 16, 2018 Read Full Article

EV Bash: Moving Emissions from Tailpipes to Smokestacks

by Kelsey Tamborrino  (Politico’s Morning Energy)  ME never thought global oil companies would be huge fans of electric vehicles, but the regularity of their bashing of the vehicles caught us by surprise. BP CEO Bob Dudley and Saudi Aramco CEO Amin Nassir both took time during their speeches at the CERAWeek conference

March 7, 2018 Read Full Article

QUOTE OF THE WEEK

(Hoosier Ag Today) Cary Sifferath, Senior Director of Global Programs with the U.S. Feed Grains Council, reminds us that U.S. ethanol is the cheapest source of octane in the world and that the U.S. even sells ethanol to Saudi Arabia that they use to blend with low octane gasoline.  READ

December 5, 2017 Read Full Article

Commentary: From Grain Bin to Fuel Tank

by Gary Truitt (Hoosier Ag Today)  … Another aspect of U.S. agricultural exports that is changing is ethanol and its byproduct DDGs. In the past 3 years, U.S. exports of ethanol have grown significantly. Cary Sifferath, Senior Director of Global Programs with the U.S. Feed Grains Council, says 70% of the

December 5, 2017 Read Full Article

POET and Al Dahra ACX Partner to Grow Distillers Grains Use in the Middle East

(POET)   Distillers grains use is growing under a new partnership that will expand availability of premium Dakota Gold feed in the Middle East. U.S.-based POET, the largest biofuels producer in the world, has signed a partnership agreement with U.S.-based Al Dahra ACX, a subsidiary of Al Dahra Holding and a leader

November 27, 2017 Read Full Article

OPEC Will Extend The Cut

by Zainab Calcuttawala (OilPrice.com)  There will be an OPEC deal extension—no matter the public tussling between opposing forces in the industry cartel—if the world’s largest oil producers are really determined to end the supply glut. A failure to agree on the market remediation would cause oil prices to plummet immediately, forfeiting

November 27, 2017 0 comment Read Full Article

Giant Bacteria Make Algae Easy to Stomach

(EurekAlert!/King Abdullah University of Science & Technology)  Red Sea surgeonfish use metabolically diverse giant bacteria to digest different types of algae, according to new research. Not only do these findings explain the basis of surgeonfish diversity, but they may also provide a valuable genetic resource for biofuel research. An international team

October 13, 2017 Read Full Article

USGC Sets Sights on Kenya for Potential Ethanol Market

by Lisa Gibson (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  The U.S. Grains Council is working to develop ethanol markets in east Africa, which are accessible through the Persian Gulf. Brian Healy, USGC’s vice president of ethanol market development, traveled to Kenya recently to speak at a regional ethanol conference, and used the opportunity to

October 10, 2017 Read Full Article

Fueling a Cleaner Combustion

(KAUST Discovery) Insight into the thermal decomposition of a potential fuel additive shows it could promote cleaner and more efficient combustion.  —  An additive for conventional fuel comprised of oxygenated organic compounds could help reduce the release of pollutants into the atmosphere during the combustion of fossil fuels. Researchers from KAUST

September 22, 2017 0 comment Read Full Article

China July Ethanol Exports Jump Six-Fold on Cheap Corn

(Reuters)  China ethanol exports surged six-fold in July from a year ago as producers took advantage of cheaper corn to boost output following a change in government policy, customs data showed on Wednesday. … China has been encouraging processors to use up the country’s vast but aging corn stockpiles. In

August 24, 2017 Read Full Article

Divestment Is Shifting the Geopolitics of Fossil Fuels

by Penney Kome (rabble.ca)  …   Almost everyone is targeting fossil fuel consumption and, by extension, Big Oil. Most of us see the oil business as gas stations, or as mammoth corporations, or as roughnecks wrestling with oil rig hoses. Actually, says a dear friend who’s spent his career examining and investing

July 24, 2017 Read Full Article

China Ethanol Exports Jump as Beijing Boosts Local Output

by Dominique Patton and Josephine Mason (Reuters) China’s ethanol exports soared in April from the same month the year before and imports slowed to a trickle, the latest sign that Beijing’s drive to ramp up local output is upending trade flows in the world’s fastest-growing biofuel market. China has been pushing

May 23, 2017 Read Full Article

Research Focus: Improving the Conversion Process for Sorghum Bagasse Biomass

by Abdul-Sattar Nizami (King Abdulaziz University, Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies (CEES)) (RenewableEnergyFocus.com)  The conservation of biomass is essential for ensuring a continuous and quality supply of feedstock for biofuel facilities around the year. However, the conservation of biomass needs appropriate pretreatments in order to guarantee a high quality

April 14, 2017 Read Full Article

QUOTE OF THE WEEK

by Dana Khraiche  (Bloomberg)  “President Trump has policies which are good for the oil industries,” (Saudi Energy Minister Khalid) Al-Falih said in an interview with the BBC. “He has steered away from excessively anti-fossil-fuel, unrealistic fossil-fuel policies.” READ MORE  LISTEN/WATCH to interview (BBC)

February 3, 2017 Read Full Article

Saudi Energy Minister Praises Trump’s Pro-Fossil-Fuel Policies

by Dana Khraiche (Bloomberg)  Saudis sees no problem with U.S. oil growth: Al-Falih to BBC; Kingdom may boost investment in U.S. refining, distribution  —  President Donald Trump’s energy policies are good for the petroleum industry and Saudi Arabia sees no problem with growth in U.S. oil production as long as it’s

February 3, 2017 Read Full Article

The Oil War Is Only Just Getting Started

by Tsvetana Paraskova (OilPrice.com) … Although this view that low-cost producers would try to seize more market share comes from an oil major with significant interests in Russia and Iraq, for example, BP may not be wrong in predicting that the abundance of oil resources would prompt the lowest-cost producers to

February 3, 2017 0 comment Read Full Article

Trump Can Make the U.S. Energy-Independent—If He Goes Green

by Geoffrey Smith (Fortune)  The U.S. can realize President-elect Donald Trump’s dream of independence from foreign oil “foes” and “cartels”–but he likely won’t live to see it unless he embraces the kinds of policies he’s campaigned against, according to a new study out Wednesday. In its World Energy Outlook for

November 17, 2016 Read Full Article

Don’t Let Foreign Interests Prevent US Biofuels Future

by Retired Maj. Gen. Paul D. Eaton (The Hill/VoteVets.org)  Ninety-seven percent America’s motor fuel is blended with homegrown ethanol. From an energy security perspective, this is major progress that should be celebrated and encouraged. Energy is not a luxury; it’s a necessity that has shaped conflicts across the globe and plunged

October 21, 2016 Read Full Article

Rwanda: Mauritian Investors to Construct Sugar Factory in Eastern Provice

by Emmanuel Ntirenganya (AllAfrica.com)  The Government has given investors from Mauritius the green light to set up a sugar processing factory in the country. The agreement will see the investors construct a factory with capacity to produce 100,000 tonnes of sugar per year. … The new factory, which will be set

August 9, 2016 Read Full Article

Can Saudi Arabia Pivot Away from Oil? A Powerful Prince Brings His Pitch to America.

by Brian Murphy (The Washington Post)  …  When Saudi Arabia’s deputy crown prince, Mohammad bin Salman, begins meetings this week in Washington and New York, he will be pitching an audacious idea: How the kingdom wants to reinvent its economy and move away from its dependence on oil sales to

June 14, 2016 Read Full Article

$85 Crude Oil By Christmas – An Interview With Mike Rothman

by Nick Cunningham (OilPrice.com)  Global supply still exceeds demand, but there are solid signs that the overhang is finally starting to ease. Storage levels are high, but are expected to come down. Where does that leave us? With so many energy investors unsure of where the markets are heading, Oilprice.com

April 11, 2016 Read Full Article

AP Interview: Corruption Probe Holds Lessons for Monaco

by Angela Charlton (Associated Press/Washington Post)  Monaco’s government says it’s investigating how an alleged vast oil corruption scandal involving a Monaco-based company long went unnoticed, even though the principality has opened up its financial sector and cracked down on tax dodging. Monaco police carried out several raids and detained executives

April 1, 2016 Read Full Article

Is the Climate Changing for Fossil Fuel Investments?

(Morgan Stanley)  As the world embraces a low-carbon economy, should investors change how they view fossil fuel investments?  —  … Most investors interested in establishing a fossil-fuel aware portfolio can follow a four step roadmap to evaluate and apply this framework: Assess: In other words, “know what you own” by assessing

February 24, 2016 Read Full Article

To Have and Have Not: Energy Security vs Energy Independence in a World Awash in Cheap Oil

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The following slides and comments are excerpted and expanded from remarks by Digest editor & publisher Jim Lane at the Energy Security Breakfast at ABLC 2016, held last week in Washington. The premise I’d like to explore today is a simple one to describe, and

February 24, 2016 Read Full Article

Breaking Europe’s Addiction to Oil

by Anders Fogh Rasmussen and Peder Holk Nielsen (Novozymes)  Former Secretary General of NATO Anders Fogh Rasmussen and Novozymes’ CEO take steps to highlight Europe’s problematic addiction to oil – and what can be done about it  —  … Europe is addicted to oil. We live in a fossil-fuel-driven economy, and

February 23, 2016 Read Full Article

Bailout the US Shale Oil/Gas Industry or Fund Clean Sustainable Renewable Transportation? A New Way of Looking at the Options. Press Release

For Immediate Release February 12, 2016—Frederick, MD Advanced Biofuels USA correspondent Robert E. Kozak analyses the potential for a reinvigorated US shale oil/gas industry with and without government subsidies; and compares it to the potential for near-term growth of renewable sustainable clean, low greenhouse gas emissions liquid transportation fuels. In this insightful

February 16, 2016 0 comment Read Full Article

After the Fall: Rebuilding US Liquid Fuel Production – Invest in Our Land or the Shale Oil Fields? (Part 2 of 2)

Efforts to promote a sustainable use of natural resources are not a waste of money, but rather an investment capable of providing other eco­nomic benefits in the medium term. If we look at the larger picture, we can see that more diver­sified and innovative forms of production which impact less

February 12, 2016 0 comment Read Full Article

USGC Team Shows Saudi Arabian Feed Producers Value of DDGS

(U.S. Grains Council)  Two U.S. Grains Council members recently traveled to Saudi Arabia to participate in consultations with sophisticated grain buyers and USGC’s local consultant, demonstrating the value of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) as part of a nutritious but lower cost feed ration. Diaa Ghaly, director of business

December 14, 2015 0 comment Read Full Article

20-Nation Mission Innovation Coalition Launches to Spur Clean Energy R&D, Investment

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In France, President Obama and French President Hollande, along with a wide range of other top global leaders, are announcing today the launch of “Mission Innovation,” a 20-country initiative to dramatically accelerate public and private global clean energy innovation to address global climate change, provide

November 30, 2015 Read Full Article

U.S. Oil Refiners Look Abroad for Crude Supplies as North Dakota Boom Fades

by Jarrett Renshaw and Catherine Ngai (Reuters) … North Dakota’s Bakken production peaked at 1.153 million barrels per day in June, and had fallen to 1.13 million barrels per day by August, according to state data. The supply restraint has made Bakken crude relatively more expensive after transport costs than oil

November 4, 2015 Read Full Article

Answers for Your Questions about Low Oil Prices and Renewable Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The Digest looks at security and energy security —  …  This week, the head of Russian state intelligence service, Alexander Bortnikov,warned of a potential “invasion of Central Asia”by Taliban or ISIS forces. And, the US and China are in a tense situationin the Pacific theater,

October 30, 2015 Read Full Article

Why Oil Is Cheap in October 2015 (Part 1 of 2)

by Robert E. Kozak* (Advanced Biofuels USA) Conventional wisdom about declining oil prices, mostly originating from US Department of Energy/Energy Information Administration (DOE/EIA), says the fall of oil prices over the past fifteen months is simply a result of an increase in oil supply, mostly from Saudi Arabia. As is

October 27, 2015 0 comment Read Full Article

President Obama Is Turning His Back on the Renewable Fuel Standard

by former Senator Jim Talent (The Gazette)  I’m old enough to remember when energy first became a national security issue during the original energy crisis in the early 1970s. That was the first time America realized that we were dependent on a global oil market that was controlled by foreign

October 27, 2015 Read Full Article

Top 6 Myths Driving Oil Prices Down

by By Leonard Brecken (OilPrice.com)  … Earlier in the year I documented half a dozen media reports which turned out to be 100 percent false. Now I expose another half dozen in just the past few weeks. Prices remain unchanged as a result of the largest drop in production in a year,

August 4, 2015 Read Full Article

Saudis Expand Price War Downstream

by By Gaurav Agnihotri (OilPrice.com)  The undisputed king of oil and gas is making some moves that could change the face of the global refining sector.  In June 2015, Saudi Arabia pumped a record 10.564 million barrels a day, a record level. As if being the world’s biggest exporter of oil

July 28, 2015 Read Full Article

Why the Saudis Are Going Solar

by Jeffrey Ball (The Atlantic)  … Saudi Arabia produces much of its electricity by burning oil, a practice that most countries abandoned long ago, reasoning that they could use coal and natural gas instead and save oil for transportation, an application for which there is no mainstream alternative. Most of Saudi

July 6, 2015 Read Full Article

RIP Cobalt Technologies or…How Commercializing Butanol Technology is Like Riding the Tour de France

by Sam Nejame & James Evangelow (Biofuels Digest/Promotum and Chemical Strategies)  Sad to say Cobalt Technologies is dead – no really they’re dead – it’s not just double secret probation anymore. Although you’d almost not even know it given how quiet the company’s been over the last few years. And after the

June 25, 2015 Read Full Article

Amid Low Prices, US Oil Output May Be Nearing Peak

by Jay Fitzgerald (Boston Globe)  Is America’s energy boom coming to an end?   As companies shut down oil- and gas-drilling rigs and lay off thousands of workers who toiled in shale fields in North Dakota, Texas, and elsewhere, many analysts are wondering whether the United States is closing in on

June 8, 2015 Read Full Article

Could Middle East Switch From Oil to Renewable Superpower?

by Darrell Delamaide (Oilprice.com/Time Magazine)   Decreasing prices in solar power could provide opportunities for oil-poor countries … The recent decline in oil prices won’t make solar power uneconomic, the influential official said. “I believe solar will be even more economic than fossil fuels,” (Saudi Arabian oil minister Ali al-)Naimi told those attending

June 2, 2015 Read Full Article

How Much Longer Can The Oil Age Last?

By Gaurav Agnihotri  (OilPrice.com)  History has been so fascinated with oil and its price movements that it is indeed hard to imagine our future without oil. Over the last few months, we have witnessed how oil prices have fluctuated from a 6 year low level of $42.98 per barrel in

May 13, 2015 Read Full Article

Saudi Arabia Continues To Turn Screws On U.S. Shale

by James Stafford (OilPrice.com)  Saudi Arabia continues to ratchet up production, taking market share away from U.S. shale producers. According to OPEC’s latest monthly oil report, Saudi Arabia boosted its oil output to 10.31 million barrels per day in April, a slight increase over the previous month’s total of 10.29

May 13, 2015 Read Full Article

Here’s What Will Send Oil Prices Back Up Again

by Martin Tillier (OilPrice.com)  … The low price brigade cites another factor in making their predictions, the rise of alternative energy sources. There is no doubt that there have been significant advances in that area, particularly in wind and solar power, but, according to the EIA, renewables currently account for 11 percent

March 4, 2015 Read Full Article

Middle East OPEC Countries See a Future in Algae

by Imran Khan (Algae Industry Magazine)  The global demand for fossil fuels is swelling against a tight economic environment and the Middle East is no exception. The domestic consumption of energy in the region is increasing at an astonishing rate. Saudi Arabia’s consumption of oil and gas has risen by

February 25, 2015 Read Full Article

Shale vs OPEC: What’s Going on with Oil Prices? Will the Bleeding Stop, and When?

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  … Here’s what’s going on, as illustrated in this EIA chart, which shows the imbalance between increases in demand and the increases in non-OPEC production. In short, non-OPEC oil is being dumped on the market faster than rising demand can catch up with it: And we

January 14, 2015 Read Full Article

Inside OPEC Room, Naimi Declares Price War on U.S. Shale Oil

by Alex Lawler, Amena Bakr and Dmitry Zhdannikov (Reuters)  Saudi Arabia’s oil minister told fellow OPEC members they must combat the U.S. shale oil boom, arguing against cutting crude output in order to depress prices and undermine the profitability of North American producers. Ali al-Naimi won the argument at Thursday’s

December 1, 2014 Read Full Article

Saudi Arabia Plans To Raise Fuel Economy–But Not Gas Prices

by John Voelcker (Green Car Reports)   … Now, another country is discussing new regulations that would require both new and imported used vehicles to meet minimum gas mileage standards. That country is the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Energy use exceeds growth The reason for the proposed rules is simple: Energy

July 9, 2014 Read Full Article

New TV Ad Exposes Saudi Oil Money Bankrolling RFS Smear Campaign

(Americans United for Change/Biodiesel Magazine)  Pro-renewable fuel standard, pro-American jobs groups Americans United for Change and VoteVets.org held a press call April 30 to reveal damaging IRS documents showing that Saudi oil money is clearly helping finance the millions of dollars worth of smear ads that the “American” Petroleum Institute is

May 7, 2014 Read Full Article

12 MMgy Ultrasonic Biodiesel Facility Planned for Saudi Arabia

by Ron Kotrba (Biodiesel Magazine)  Portugal-based biodiesel technology provider Incbio announced it has signed an agreement with Saudi Arabia-based Bio Renewable Energy Factory to supply a 40,000 ton per year (12 MMgy) ultrasonic biodiesel refinery. BREF plans to use animal fats from the Saudi rendering industry.  READ MORE

February 6, 2014 Read Full Article

Saudi – Kingdom to Produce 30,000 Tons of Algae

(MENAFN-Arab News)  Saudi Arabia will be one of the few algae producing countries around the world, with production capacity expected to reach 30,000 tons by 2014, said Jaber Al-Shehri, undersecretary of research and agricultural development at the Ministry of Agriculture. A promising project to transplant algae in Saudi Arabia aims

November 26, 2013 Read Full Article

BASF, National Prawn Co. Cooperate on Algae Technology

by Ron Kortrba (Biodiesel Magazine)  Saudi Arabia-based National Prawn Co. and the German chemical giant BASF have signed an agreement to work together in developing algae technology. NPC is experienced in designing, building and operating large manmade lakes for its shrimp business, and more recently the firm is developing research

July 17, 2013 Read Full Article

Renewables Remain Critical in Meeting Long-Term U.S. Energy Needs

(25 x ’25)  …It is interesting to see the advances in renewable energy being made in, of all places, nations with the largest oil reserves in the world. According to a recent report from Ernst and Young, Saudi Arabia, along with Egypt and Morocco, are highly ranked in terms of

May 3, 2013 Read Full Article

Camelina on the Move: Global Clean Energy Holdings Acquires Sustainable Oils

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) In California, Global Clean Energy Holdings announced that it has acquired Sustainable Oils, a leader in Camelina genetics and production. The acquisition includes 100% ownership interest of Sustainable Oils and the ownership of the key intellectual property and operational assets. Camelina is the only non-food based

March 15, 2013 Read Full Article

Saudi Firm to Invest $650m on Sugar, Ethanol in Sudan

(Saudi Gazette)  Sinnar state signed a partnership with the Saudi Tala Company to produce sugar, ethanol and bio-fuel in Sinnar state from the Jatropha tree to be cultivated in an area estimated at 165,000 acres at a cost of $650 million. …Khalid Al Deyaee, manager of Tala Company, said that

December 18, 2012 Read Full Article

Biomax Sets up Venture with Jeddah Firm for Bio-Fuel Unit

by Amit Mitra (The Hindu Business Line)  Bio-fuel maker Biomax Fuels has set up a 50:50 joint venture with the Jeddah-based Middle East Environment Protection Co to set up the first bio-fuel plant in Saudi Arabia. The $40-million plant, which is expected to be commissioned by 2013-end, will use used

December 11, 2012 Read Full Article

Saudi Arabia, World's Leading Oil Producer, to Go "Green" at Home?

by John Daly (OilPrice.com) Renewable energy, currently a Republican object of derision and attack on the Obama administration in next month’s U.S. presidential election, may have found a most unlikely ally. Saudi Arabia. In an exclusive, Britain’s “Guardian” newspaper is reporting that Saudi Arabian Prince Turki Al Faisal Al Saud,

October 28, 2012 Read Full Article

Saudi Arabia Biorefinery from Algae Project

(Algae Industry Magazine)  Salman Zafar writes in Ecomena.org that King Abdulaziz City for Science & Technology is funding an innovative project called the Saudi Arabia Biorefinery from Algae (SABA) Project, to screen species for lipid hyper-producers in Saudi Arabian coastal waters. These species will be the basis for the region’s next-generation

October 24, 2012 Read Full Article

Petroleum Refiners Get out the Old Fear-Mongering Playbook for Attack on Renewable Fuel Standard

by Brent Erickson (BIO/Biofuels Digest)  Despite oil industry claims of “$10 million in fines for non-existent fuels” – they paid exactly $19,010.16 for cellulosic ethanol waivers in 2010, costing US consumers 14 millionths of one penny per gallon.   So why exactly are refiners and their surrogates investing millions in an

August 2, 2012 Read Full Article

Breakthrough In Saudi Arabia’s Policy Toward Ethanol Byproducts Announced

(AgriMarketing)  …Culminating years of U.S. Grains Council efforts, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has added corn gluten feed (CGF) and distiller’s dried grains with solubles (DDGS) to its import feed ingredient subsidy list, creating a strong incentive for sales. It also increased the subsidy for sorghum, a step expected to

August 10, 2011 Read Full Article

Saudi Prince Calls for Lower Oil Prices

(CNN) …In an interview broadcast Sunday on “CNN’s Fareed Zakaria GPS,” the grandson of the founding king of modern Saudi Arabia said the oil price should be somewhere between $70 and $80 a barrel, rather than the current level of over $100 a barrel. “We don’t want the West to

May 31, 2011 Read Full Article

WikiLeaks: Saudis often Warned U.S. about Oil Speculators

by Kevin G. Hall (McClatchy Newspapers)  When oil prices hit a record $147 a barrel in July 2008, the Bush administration leaned on Saudi Arabia to pump more crude in hopes that a flood of new crude would drive the price down. The Saudis complied, but not before warning that

May 26, 2011 Read Full Article

Kingdom Considers Producing Ethanol from Waste

by Querubin J. Minas  (The Saudi)   In line with the Saudi government’s initiative to diversify energy resources and promote clean environment at the same time, a US company is introducing an innovative, versatile biofuel solution to produce ethanol using waste paper and whey as feedstocks. …The Modular Ethanol Production

January 12, 2011 Read Full Article

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Standard) lead Leadtree leaf ant Lebanon legislation Legislation-Federal Legislation-State lemna lend-lease Lesotho lesquerella leucaena Liberia Libya licensing lichens life cycle analysis (LCA) light rail lignin Lignin Ethanol Oil (LEO) Lignocellulosic Biofuel lignocellulosic sugars lime Lipid liquefaction liquid liquidation liquid petroleum gas (LPG) liquid transportation fuels Liquified Biogas (LBG) Liquified Biogas (LBG) pumps Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logistics long-term contracts Louisiana low carbon emissions low carbon octane standard (LCOS) Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel low sulfur fuel low sulfur marine fuel lubricants lumber mill Luxembourg lysis M3 M15 M50 M100 ma macadamia macauba Macedonia machine learning Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona management changes mandates mangaba manganese mango mangrove Manitoba mannose manure maple maps marginal land Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) Marine/maritime renewable fuel terminal/bunkering marine algae Marine Corps Marine Diesel Oil (MDO) Marine Gas Oil (MGO) market forces marketing markets/sales market share Mars Marshall Islands Maryland Masdar Institute Massachusetts mass balance standard Master Limited Partnership (MLP) Mauritius Mazda meat mechanics training medical waste MEEC membranes mergers and acquisitions mesquite methan methanation methane/biomethane methane leaks methanization methanol Methanol/Biomethanol/Renewable Methanol methanol fuel cells methanol price Mexico Michelin GreenX Challenge Michigan micro-crop microalgae microbial electrosynthesis microbiology microorganisms/microbes microwave Mid-Atlantic Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military reserves military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels millennium fruit millet millettia pinnata milo stover mineralization minerals mining Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold molybdenum MON (Motor Octane Number) Monaco Mongolia mongongo Montana Montenegro moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles motors MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES3 (MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator model) MOVES2014 Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed Myanmar n-butanol n-butene nahar Namibia nano nanocatalysts nanocellulose nanomaterials nano particles naphtha/bionaphtha/renewable naphtha NASCAR National Academies of Science National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) National Guard National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Laboratory Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Oilheat Research Alliance National Park Service National Research Council National Science Foundation (NSF) national security National Security Council National Transportation Safety Board National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) Native American tribes natural gas Natural Gas Act natural gas input natural gasoline natural gas prices natural gas vehicles Navy Nebraska neem negative carbon emissions neodymium Nepal net energy balance Netherlands Nevada New Brunswick Newfoundland Newfoundland and Labrador new fuel approval New Guinea New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New South Wales New York New Zealand next generation biofuels next generation vehicles NHRA drag racing Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrogen starvation nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota Northeast northern catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory North Korea Northwest Territories Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds nuclear Nunavut nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition nut shells oak oat hulls oats oat straw Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) Offices of Inspector Generals offtake agreements Ohio oil oil/gas terminals oil embargo oil exploration oil monopoly oil p oil price parity oil prices oil production oil refineries oil replacement Oils oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil speculators oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes Oklahoma olefins oligomerization olive cake olive oil olive pits olives olive water Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontaio Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) open fuel standard open pond opportunity zones optimized flex fuel vehicles orange peel orchard grass orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) osage orange OSHA Overseas Private Investment Corporation overview overview/survey course oxygen oxygenate ozone Pakistan Palau palm palm biomass palm fatty acid distillate palm fiber palm fronds palm kernel palm kernel oil palm kernel shell palm oil palm oil mill effluent (POME) palm oil prices palm waste Paludiculture/peatland cultivation Panama pandas panic grass papaya paper Papua Indonesia Papua New Guinea paraffins Paraguay Paris Agreement parity partial waiver particulates pasture land Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) patents pathways Paulownia paulownia tree payments peaches peak oil peak oil demand peanuts/groundnuts peas pectin peela kaner pellets Pennsylvania pennycress/stinkweed pentane pentanol pentose pequi perennial grains perennial grasses Performance permitting Peru pest-tolerance pesticide-tolerance pests petition petroleum pharmaceuticals phase separation Philippines phosphorus photobioreactor photoelectrocatalysis photoelectrochemical photolysis photosynthesis phragmites pigeon pea pilot scale pine pineapple pine beetle pine needles pine nut pinion pipelines Pistacia chinensis PLA plant cell research plant cell walls plant oil plastic plastic-to-jet Plug-in Flex Fuel Hybrid Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) plume grass podcasts Poland poli Policy politics pollinators pollution pollution control polyethylene polyfuel polymer polymerization polysaccharides pomace pomegranates pongamia pongamia pinnata poplar poppy population control Portable refinery Portugal poster sessions potamogeton potassium potato poultry litter/waste power-to-x/gas/liquid prairie grasses pre-processing precision farming/agriculture precursors/biointermediates premium gasoline Pretreatment pretreatment equipment price price of water prickly pear Prince Edward Island process flow diagram producer tax credit Production tax credit productivity project insurance propagating Propane/Biopropane/Renewable Propane propanol property insurance propylene protectionism protein protests proton exchange membrane (PEM) public comments public health policy Puerto Rico pulp Pulp/Paper Mill pump retrofit kit pumps/fueling station pungam Punnai tree pyrolysis Q-RIN QAP Qatar quality assurance Quality Assurance Plans (QAPs) quality improvement quantum dots Quebec Queensland quote of the week r R5 R33 rabbits race radiata pine Rahal Letterman Lanigan Racing railroad rainforest rain tree RAND rare earth metal RD10 RD20 RD30 RD80 RD99 RD100 reclaimed mine lands recycled oil recycled plastics recycling red algae redcedar Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation Refined Bleached Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO) refineries reforestation Reformate regenerative braking regenerative farming regulations Regulations-Federal Regulations-State Regulatory Enhancement Growth Support (REGS) Reid vapor pressure (RVP) remediation remediation rice straw Renewable Chemical renewable chemical producer tax incentive renewable chemical production tax credit Renewable Diesel/Green Diesel/HVO/Paraffinic Diesel Renewable Diesel/Green Diesel price Renewable Diesel Production renewable diesel pumps renewable diesel tax credit renewable diesel terminal Renewable Energy Renewable Energy Directive (RED/RED II/REDIII) Renewable Energy Standard Renewable Energy to Fuels through Utilization of Energy-Dense Liquids (REFUEL) renewable fuel renewable fuel oil (RFO) Renewable Fuels Directive (EU) Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS2) revisions/repeal Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS and RFS2) renewable gasoline blendstock renewable marine diesel Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) price Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) pumps Renewable Portfolio Standards Renewable Power Standard Renewable Synthesized Iso-Paraffinic Fuels (SIP) Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation (RTFO) renewable volume obligation (RVO) RenovaBio replacement molecules Repowering Assistance Program repurpose research and development research facility resiliency resource depletion resurrection grass retail retrofit return on investment R Factor RFI (Request for Information) RFS "reset" RHD100 Rhizosphere Observations Optimizing Terrestrial Sequestration (ROOTS) Rhode Island Ricardo rice rice bran oil rice hulls rice husks rice price rice straw/paddy straw RICO (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act) RIMPAC RINs (Renewable Identification Numbers) RINs markets RINs price risk management RJ-4 RJ-6 RME (rape methyl ester) RME180 RNA (Ribonucleic acid) roadmap rocket fuel Romania RON (Research Octane Number) rotation crops royalties RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber rumen ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Rural Renewable Energy Pilot Program Russia Russian olive rutabaga Rwanda ry rye Rye grass s saccharification Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower sago pond weed SAIC SAK Salicornia salt-tolerant saltbush saltcedar sal tree salt water Sanctions Santa Monica sardine oil Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Advisory Board (SAB) Science Policy scooters Scotland scum sea level rise seaports seashore mallow seawater Seaweed/Macroalgae seaweed cultivation Section 526 Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) seed-to-wheel seed husks Senegal Serbia sesame sewage Seychelles shale shale gas shale oil shark oil sheep shipping shipping containers shipworm Sierra Leone silica Silphie/cup plant/Indian cup silver silver maple simarouba Singapore sisal SK slash Slovakia Slovakia/Slovak Republic Slovenia sludge Small Business Administration small engines small refinery exemption (SRE) smog smokestack soap Social social benefit investing social cost social value social venture Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) soi soil soil amendments soil carbon soil health soil microbial biomass solar energy solar energy-to-chemical conversion solaris solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) Solomon Islands Solutions solvent liquefaction Somalia soot sorghum sorghum oil sorghum stover South Africa South America South Australia South Carolina South Dakota Southeast Asia Southern Africa South Korea South Pacific South Sudan Soviet Union SOx (Sulfur oxides) soybean prices soybeans soy meal Spain spartina specifications Spent Bleaching Earth Oil (SBEO) sprawl spruce Sri Lanka Stakeholders standards start-up State Department Statistics steam explosion steam methane reformation steam reformation steel stevia stillage storage tanks Straight (pure) Vegetable Oil (SVO or PVO) stranded assets Strategic Bioenergy Reserve STrategiv Petroleum Reserve straw students su sub-Saharan Africa sub-sim (substantially similar) subsid succinic acid sucrose Sudan sugar sugar-to-biodiesel sugar-to-farnesane sugar-to-jetfuel Sugar Beets/Energy Beets sugarcane sugarcane prices sugarcane straw Sugar kelp sugar palm sugar platform sugar prices sugars sugars-to-fats sugar standards sulfur Sumatra sunflower sunflower stalks supercritical fluid supercritical hydrolysis supply agreements supply chain Supreme Court surahart Suriname Sustainability Swaziland Sweden sweetgum sweet potatoes Sweet sorghum swine waste Switchgrass Switzerland sycamore syngas syngas/gas fermentation synthesised aromatic kerosene (SAK) synthetic biology synthetic diesel synthetic gasoline synthetic kerosene synthetic liquified gas (SLG) synthetic methane/e-methane synthetic natural gas Syria Tailoring Rule Taiwan Tajikistan tall fescue tall oil tallow tallow tree tamanu/nyamplung Tamarix tank-to-wheel tank cars tankers tanker trucks Tanzania tariffs taro tar sands Tasmania tax benefit tax credit taxes tax incentives tax parity tax policy tea teach-the-teacher teacher teacher resources teacher training technical course Technical Readiness Levels techno-economic analysis technology transfer tech transfer telephone utility poles Tennessee termites terpenes terrestrial carbon testing Texas textbook Thailand theft therapeutics Thermal catalytic depolymerization (TCD) thermal deoxygenation thermocatalytic conversion thermochemical conversion thermochemical liquefaction Tibet Tier 3 Tier 4 tilapia tillage Timor-Leste tires tobacco tobacco tree Togo Tokyo toluene Tonga tool Toronto torrefaction totai Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) trade trade dispute/discrimination trade group trade organization Trade Policy trade secrets training trains transesterification transgenics transition Transportation Fuels Policy Transportation Fuels Policy--Municipal Transportation Fuels Policy--State Transportation 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