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Avnos’ Largest Hybrid Direct Air Capture Deployment Enters Operations

(Avnos) Project Brighton, Avnos’ largest operating deployment to date, enters service as the company continues to scale commercial Hybrid Direct Air Capture infrastructure.  Avnos, the developer of infrastructure-scale Hybrid Direct Air Capture (HDAC™), today announced that Project Brighton has entered operations in

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NEMO Says Nuclear Shipping Is Moving from If to When

by Jim Kendrick (Biofuels Digest) In the UK, the Nuclear Energy Maritime Organization said Wednesday the commercial shipping debate over nuclear propulsion is shifting from whether it can work to how reactors can be regulated, insured and accepted across international jurisdictions.

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Preparing for Feedstock Traceability: What Biofuel Producers Need to Do Now

by Roxby Hartley and Chelsa Oren (EcoEngineers/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  ... Emerging discussions around feedstock traceability, particularly within California’s Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) framework, suggest that producers may soon be required to demonstrate a much higher level of transparency in their supply

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Ethanol’s Contribution to U.S. Gasoline Supplies Is at Record High, Helping Ease Pump Prices

(Renewable Fuels Association)  The average ethanol content of gasoline sold in the U.S. surpassed 11 percent for the second consecutive month in June, and the 12-month average blend rate hit a new record of 10.58 percent, according to U.S. Energy Information

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Same Company, Different Elevators: Where Does USDA’s Mass Balance Begin and End for Regenerative Agriculture?

by Danielle Anderson & Kari Buttenhoff (Christianson/Biodiesel Magazine) As the USDA’s regenerative agricultural feedstock framework moves toward implementation under the 45Z clean fuel production credit, attention is growing towards reallocating reduced-carbon intensity (CI) feedstock between separately located, but commonly owned elevators. While this

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DOE Renews Secretary of Energy Advisory Board

by Erin Krueger (Biodiesel Magazine) The U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of the Secretarial Boards & Councils on Aug. 18 published a notice announcing the Secretary of Energy Advisory Board will be renewed for a two-year period beginning on Aug. 26.  The

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EPA Extends 2025 RFS Compliance Reporting Deadline

by Erin Krueger (Ethanol Producer Magazine) The U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) on Aug. 31 issued a final rule extending the Renewable Fuel Standard compliance reporting deadline for compliance year 2025 from Sept. 1, 2026, to Oct. 1, 2026. The delay

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Montana Renewables Announces Innovative, Capital-Efficient Expansion to 200 Million Gallons of Sustainable Aviation Fuel

(Calumet) • SAF production capacity expected to reach approximately 200 million gallon annual run rate by year-end 2028, with total renewable product sales expanded 40% to 17,000 barrels per day Remaining project capital for this expansion reduced to $137 million from the

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We Need More Homegrown Fuel, Not Less

by Emily Skor (Growth Energy/Ethanol Producer Magazine) Ethanol is a homegrown biofuel that lowers prices at the pump. Pull into any fuel retailer in the U.S. and you'll find that the option with more ethanol has the lower price. Unfortunately, certain

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Miller-Meeks Deserves Applause for Pushing for Certainty for Biofuels Producers

by Angie Holland/Kent Kaiser (Trade Alliance to Promote Prosperity/Fort Madison Daily Democrat) Iowa’s agricultural and biofuel industries need clear, consistent federal policy to make long-term investments, create jobs, and compete in a changing global economy. Congresswoman Mariannette Miller-Meeks should be recognized for

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EPA Announces Action on 2025 Small Refinery Exemptions and Related Actions

(U.S. Environmental Protection Agency)   Today, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced decisions for 34 small refinery exemption (SRE) petitions under the Renewable Fuel Standards (RFS) program for 2025. In consultation with U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), EPA reviewed and considered information

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MN Bio-Fuels And Gopher Football Bring Back Popular “Win $888 With Unleaded 88” Campaign For The 2026 Season

(Minnesota Bio-Fuels Association) A new football season brings fresh excitement on the gridiron and new possibilities for fans to win off the field. For the third consecutive year, the Minnesota Bio-Fuels Association (MN Bio-Fuels), a proud sponsor of Gopher Athletics, is teaming

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Clean Cities and Communities Alternative Fuel Price Report

(U.S. Department of Energy) This quarterly report is made possible only through the efforts of individual Clean Cities and Communities coalitions to collect and report alternative fuel prices, which are regularly changing, subject to regional local market forces, and frequently difficult to obtain.

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NC State Joins $160M NSF Initiative to Advance Biobased Manufacturing

by Andrew Moore (North Carolina State University)  North Carolina State University researchers will help advance biobased manufacturing and rural economic development in the Southeast as part of a regional research initiative backed by up to $160 million from the National Science

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The Navy, Amyris, Emvolon, Haffner Energy and the Incredible Shrinking Refinery

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) ... (R)emember the U.S. Navy’s audacious Great Green Fleet initiative a decade ago, which sought to demonstrate alternative drop-in fuels not as delicate laboratory curiosities, but in everyday operational fleet environments, culminating in the 2016

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E15 Savings Show Value of Strong RFS to American Drivers

(Renewable Fuels Association) A recent report published by the Department of Energy found that E15 has been selling recently for $0.47 per gallon less than standard E10 gasoline on average, an 11.5 percent discount. The DOE report, which is based on

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Diversifying Fleet Fuels with Diesel, Renewable Diesel, CNG, and More

(Chevron/FreightWaves)  Chevron’s biofuels scientist breaks down the potential benefits of alternative fuel options for fleets and how to test a natural gas truck at no cost through Chevron’s demo program. If you’re a fleet operator and you’re looking to evaluate fuel options that may

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The Digest’s 2026 Multi-Slide Guide to Bioeconomy Workforce Bottlenecks

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Vague national projections of one million bioindustrial jobs by 2030 are unhelpful demand hypotheses rather than measurements. Instead, the bioeconomy faces forty two highly specific occupational bottlenecks. For instance, critical roles like instrumentation and control technicians

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California’s Emissions Authority Is Cracking

by Alex Nieves (Politico) ... The Republicans’ bevy of resolutions is part of a larger effort to use the Congressional Review Act — a 1996 law that gives Congress the power to revoke agency rules — to undermine Democrats’ policy agendas. Trump

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Maritime Fuels: Will Corn Sail on the Love Boat or the Titanic?

by Doug Durante (Clean Fuels Development Coalition/Governors' Biofuels Coalition)  ... The  NCGA (National Corn Growers Association) report  identified three key areas to increase demand for corn—E15, marine fuels, and biobased products.   We have all heard the promise of Sustainable Aviation Fuels

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NCGA Urges Revised Codes to Measure the Growing Bioeconomy

(National Corn Growers Association) The National Corn Growers Association (NCGA) filed comments this week with the Office of Management and Budget, encouraging the agency to reconsider updates recommended by one of its committees to more directly capture the economic impact of

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Carbon Capture Tax Credit: Actions Needed to Improve Federal Administration and Evaluation of Tax Expenditure

(Government Accountability Office) Carbon capture technology can reduce carbon in the atmosphere by storing it underground or using it to make products like concrete or jet fuel. The 45Q tax credit was created to incentivize development of this technology. But some taxpayers

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Pittsford Woman Pleads Guilty to Her Role in Stolen Cooking Oil Scheme

(US Attorney's Office Western District of New York)  U.S. Attorney Michael DiGiacomo announced today that Fangfang Yan, 41, of Shanxi, China, and Pittsford, NY, pleaded guilty before U.S. District Judge Frank P. Geraci, Jr to misprision of a felony, which carries

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All Aboard for Rail Transportation's Next Chapter: Advanced Diesel, Renewable Fuels and Amtrak's Historic Fleet Modernization

by Allen Schaeffer (Engine Technology Forum)  America's rail network remains one of the most efficient and essential components of the nation's transportation infrastructure.  --  ... Advances in engine technology, emissions controls, fuel efficiency, and alternative fuel compatibility are helping the rail industry

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Creating Yeast Strains that Aren’t Picky Eaters

(U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science/NewsWise)  Scientists have engineered yeasts that can simultaneously use different sugars in biomass crops. The Science    Newswise — Biomass crops have promise as precursors for biochemical and biofuel production. However, they contain several different types of

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Sustainable Peaks and Valleys (for SAF)

by Caitlin Scheresky (SAF Magazine)  ... A few strong contenders explain the quieter conversation, with political, financial and legal risk topping the list. In the United States, much has to do with the current administration's lack of focus. Nevertheless, there are

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Unlocking 45Z: Why Your Tax Credit Depends on a Farmer’s Record

by Jayce Hafner (FarmRaise) ...  I quickly learned that farms have two layers of value: the land itself and how we work it. Today, this “how” underpins the Clean Fuel Production Credit (Section 45Z), and farmer practice documentation will unlock this game-changing

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Argentina Weighs Higher Ethanol, Biodiesel Mandates as SAF Gains Traction

by Samyak Pandey (S&P Global) (Argentine) Senate reviews bills boosting blend levels; Ethanol output hits 1.35 billion liters; Biodiesel exports drop to 2007 lows Argentina is considering its most significant biofuels policy overhaul in years, with lawmakers debating legislation that would increase ethanol

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US EPA to Extend Renewable Fuel Standard Compliance Deadline for Refiners

by Jarrett Renshaw and Siddharth Cavale (Reuters)  EPA says it will announce extension in upcoming formal action; Agency aims to decide all pending small-refiner waiver requests by end of August; Small refiners ​sought waivers arguing it was too costly to comply with RFS The

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EPA: 4 New SRE Petitions Filed, 40 SRE Petitions Currently Pending

by Erin Krueger (Ethanol Producer Magazine) The U.S. EPA on Aug. 20 published updated Renewable Fuel Standard data, reporting that four new small refinery exemption (SRE) petitions were filed under the program during the past month. A total of 40 SRE

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In Bid to Cut Prices, EPA Issues Waiver Ending ‘Summer’ Gasoline Early

(Inside EPA) As the Trump administration seeks ways to reduce high fuel prices, EPA is ending the summer gasoline season early, issuing a waiver to states that allows sale of more-polluting “winter” fuel starting Sept. 1, rather than Sept. 15, while

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Judge Mulls California Challenge to Trump’s Air Waiver Rollback

by  Alex Guillén (Politico Pro E&E NewsPM) District Judge Beryl Howell expressed concern about agency overreach but also questioned whether she can even hear the case. -- A federal judge on Wednesday appeared torn during arguments in California’s lawsuit over the Trump administration’s

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Montana Renewables Begins Next Phase of MaxSAF Expansion

by Erin Krueger (Biodiesel Magazine)  With the initial phase of its MaxSAF 150 initiative now complete, Montana Renewables is preparing to further increase sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) capacity. The company plans to expand SAF production to more approximately 200 MMgy by

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Biofuels Markets Report: Advanced Biofuels

by Andrew Snook (Canadian Biomass) ... To learn more about the current state and future of Canada’s biofuels, Canadian Biomass reached out to leaders in the wood pellet, biogas and advanced biofuels sectors to discuss what lies ahead. This article covers

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Pondera County, Local Landowners, Conservationists Sue EPA to Protect Madison Aquifer from Industrial Wastewater Injection

(Western Environmental Law Center)  The Pondera County Commissioners filed litigation against the Environmental Protection Agency on Friday, June 12th challenging the agency’s decision to exempt a portion of the Madison Aquifer in the county from protections under the Safe Drinking Water

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Council’s Technical Assistance Program Opens Path to Nearly $2 Million in Additional U.S. DDGS Demand

(U.S. Grains and BioProducts Council) The U.S. Grains & BioProducts Council (USGBC), through its Latin America office and with support from USDA’s Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) through the Market Access Program, delivered a technical assistance program to one of Colombia’s leading

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US Forest Service Awards Grant to LanzaTech

by Erin Krueger (Ethanol Producer Magazine) The U.S. Forest Service on Aug. 5 awarded $300,000 to LanzaTech Inc. to support design work for a proposed biorefinery project in Bellemont, Arizona, that would produce wood-based ethanol. The proposed project would create a

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Podcast: Opportunities and Constraints in the Move Beyond E15

(NACS) How ethanol blends higher than E15 may offer benefits related to emissions reduction, octane enhancement, agricultural economic activity and energy security.  READ MORE; includes AUDIO

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Carbon Capture Coalition Statement on the Extension of the Safe Harbor for 45Q Public Comment DEADLINE October 30, 2026

(Carbon Capture Coalition)  On August 14, the US Department of the Treasury (Treasury) and the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) announced they have modified and extended the available safe harbor for taxpayers who capture and store carbon in dedicated saline geologic formations until such time as Treasury

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Thune Says Year-Round Higher Ethanol Blend Will Require Compromising with Small Oil Refiners

by Joshua Haiar (South Dakota Searchlight) The year-round sale of higher ethanol-blended gasoline, called E15, does not have enough votes in the U.S. Senate unless it comes with compromises for small oil refineries, said Majority Leader John Thune, R-South Dakota. ... Without a

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Final CAFE Redo Coming Soon: The Auto Air Pollution Rule Cleared White House Review Wednesday.

by Jean Chemnick (E&E News PM)  The Transportation Department is expected to weaken fuel economy standards for passenger vehicles soon, in yet another blow to former President Joe Biden’s pro-electric-vehicle policies. The final rule revising the so-called corporate average fuel economy standards

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US Refiners Face RIN Crunch as Biofuel Mandate Outpaces Supply

by Janet McGurty (S&P Global)  D4 RIN generation hits 43% of mandate by midyear; Refiners may cut gasoline supply or draw RIN banks; Zero biodiesel imports compound compliance pressure US refiners are confronting a potential fuel production bottleneck in the second half of 2026

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Congress Moves to Kill California’s Shipping Waivers, Port Communities and Businesses Will Bear the Consequences

(Pacific Environment) Yesterday (August 6, 2026), Congress introduced resolutions that attack two of California’s shipping waivers, the Ocean-Going Vessels At Berth and Commercial Harbor Craft waivers. For 50 years, the precedent set under both Democratic and Republican administrations is that the

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The Digest’s 2026 Multi-Slide Guide to Bioprocess Data Infrastructure

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Bioprocess data is strategic infrastructure, but raw data without context is expensive noise. While most operators collect basic historian and LIMS signals, they suffer from delayed, manual data reconstruction. True competitive advantage requires building a “contextualized

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USDA’s 2026 Unified Agenda Includes Biobased Product and Biotechnology Rulemakings

by Lynn L. BergesonCarla N. Hutton (Bergeson & Campbell)  In July, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) published the Trump Administration’s 2026 Unified Agenda. The U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Unified Agenda includes the following rulemakings regarding biobased products and biotechnology: Technical Guidelines

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Gevo Scraps Clean Jet Fuel, Carbon Capture Project in South Dakota

by Siri Hedreen (S&P Global)  Gevo Inc. has canceled plans to build a multibillion-dollar clean jet fuel plant in Lake Preston, South Dakota, after struggling to line up CO2 transportation and storage infrastructure for the facility. The alternative fuels company is formally

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Having a Field Day with Switchgrass

by Joanne Ivancic* (Advanced Biofuels USA) In his 2006 State of the Union address, President George W. Bush suggested that converting switchgrass and other non-corn feedstock into fuel ethanol could help us end our “addiction to oil” and “make our

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Failure To Advance Farm Bill Is A Missed Opportunity For Drivers, Farmers And Rural Communities

(Minnesota Bio-Fuels Association) Following the Senate Agriculture Committee’s failure to advance the Agricultural Act of 2026, Minnesota Bio-Fuels Association Executive Director Brian Werner issued the following statement: “Today’s outcome on the Senate Farm Bill is a missed opportunity for drivers, farmers, fuel

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Low Nitrogen, High Reward: Understanding the 45Z Opportunity

by John Duff (Farm Progress Kansas Farmer) Sorghum Focus: Conservation production practices could finally pay off with 45Z opportunities. But proceed with caution. -- At first glance, the Section 45Z Clean Fuel Production Credit should reward the production practices many sorghum farmers

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The Debate Over the Term “Bio”: Why the 2026 Farm Bill Threatens Consumer Trust

by Ramani Narayan (Michigan State University/Biofuels Digest) ... Yet, deep within the machinery of the 2026 Farm Bill, ... Section 9004 in Energy Title IX, attempts to redefine the term “bio”-a move that may sound like inside-the-Beltway semantics, but one that has

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LLNL, Oxylus Energy Capture Commercialization Grant with Reactor that Converts Carbon Waste to Methanol

(Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory) Many industrial processes produce large volumes of carbon as a waste product. New reactor technology from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) has the potential to turn that waste into a valuable feedstock for useful chemicals and fuels.

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EPA Allows New Exemptions from Biofuel Mandate

by Marc Heller (E&E News) EPA granted one full exemption and two partial exemptions in its latest decision on petitions from small refineries.  --  EPA announced mixed decisions Monday on six petitions by refineries seeking to temporarily sidestep biofuel-blending mandates, a topic

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Louisiana Could Supplant California as SAF Leader

by Curt Epstein (Aviation International News) While California has been the hotbed for renewable fuel production in the U.S., Louisiana is poised to knock it off the throne. Shift could come as the state's tax incentives change  --  A new report from energy

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The Clean Fuel Production Tax Credit (45Z), Part 3: Reviewing the Potential Value

Zhangliang Chen, Kaiyu Guan and Jonathan Coppess (University of Illinois/farmdoc daily)  Continuing the review of the Clean Fuel Production Tax Credit, this article explores the potential economic benefit that could be created for Midwest corn and soybean producers implementing approved practices.  Previously,

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A Successful, Sustainable Catalyst for Ethanol Dehydrogenation

(Brookhaven National Laboratory) Brookhaven researchers and their U.S. and international collaborators crafted a novel, three-metal catalysis approach to convert ethanol to a critical chemical feedstock -- Ethanol is an alcohol used in a huge number of industrial and household applications. When dehydrogenated

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EPA Weighs RFS Deadline Extension Amid High Renewable Credit Costs, Sources Say

by Jarrett Renshaw and Siddharth Cavale (Reuters) EPA weighs extending Sept. 1 biofuel compliance deadline as refiners face high costs and market uncertainty; Delay could give refiners relief from high RIN prices and more time to plan compliance strategies; Extension could allow EPA

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EPA Commits to Ruling on Remanded SRE Petitions by Aug. 3

by Erin Krueger (Biodiesel Magazine) In a court filing made July 28, the U.S. EPA announced it will issue a decision on two Renewable Fuel Standard compliance year 2024 small refinery exemption (SRE) petitions filed by Alon Refining and HF Sinclair

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Climate Data Is in Danger. Rebecca Lindsey and Climate.us Are Saving It.

by Megan Davies and Daniel Bresette (Environmental and Energy Study Institute) • The shutdown of Climate.gov has created new barriers to accessing widely-trusted climate science and data crucial to informing the public on how climate systems work. Climate.us—a nonprofit, independent online data platform—aims

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EPA Regulatory Silence on 2028 Biofuel Targets Risks Future Market Instability

by Evelyn Olson (OPIS Insight) The Trump Administration’s Unified Agenda, released on July 3, conspicuously omits the 2028 Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) volume requirements (Set 3) from the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) 2026 rulemaking agenda. The Unified Agenda is the government’s

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U.S. Biofuel Boom: What’s Driving Record Soybean Crush, and Will It Fuel Higher Prices?

by Tyne Morgan (AgWeb) Data shows soybean crush and renewable diesel output are hitting all-time highs, driven by strong domestic biofuel policy, while new U.S. tariffs on Brazilian tallow add fresh demand in the biofuel feedstock market. ... According to Susan Stroud, founder

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US EPA Approves Chevron Facility-Specific Fuel Pathway for CoverCress Oil under RFS

by Ron Kotrba (Biobased Diesel Daily)  Chevron received its facility-specific pathway approval for CoverCress oil in mid-July from the U.S. EPA under the federal Renewable Fuel Standard program. CoverCress, a modified version of field pennycress, is a rotational cash crop that combines

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Congressman McCormick Introduces Bill to Strengthen America’s Biotechnology Leadership

(Office of Congressman Rich McCormick (R-GA-07)  Congressman Rich McCormick (GA-07) introduced the Biotechnology Diplomacy Leadership Act, legislation to strengthen America's global leadership in biotechnology by establishing a dedicated biotechnology lead in the U.S. Department of State. As biotechnology rapidly emerges as a

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Crapo Introduces Bill to End Costly CAFE Standards, Restore Consumer Choice in Auto Market

(Office of Senator Mike Crapo (R-ID))  Says CAFE standards have exceeded congressional intent, imposed costly, unnecessary mandates  --  U.S. Senator Mike Crapo (R-Idaho) and five Senate colleagues introduced the Restoring Affordability in Automobile Manufacturing (RAAM) Act, which would eliminate Corporate Average Fuel

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HF Sinclair Sues EPA over Biofuel Exemption Delays

by Elizabeth Elkin (Bloomberg News/Transport Topics) Energy company says EPA has delayed decisions on refinery exemptions from blending mandates  --  HF Sinclair Corp. is suing the Environmental Protection Agency for continuing to delay a decision on exemptions from mandates requiring refiners to blend

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Electyrolyzer Experiment Designated Ready-to-Fly by NASA

(Southwest Research Institute/The Gist/Phys.Org)  A Southwest Research Institute and University of Texas at San Antonio experiment has passed a critical NASA review, designating it ready for parabolic flight testing. The two institutions will evaluate the performance of a patent-pending electrolyzer, the

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The Digest’s 2026 Multi-Slide Guide to 45Z Compliance LCA

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Section 45Z allows producers to claim site-specific, actual carbon intensity (CI) values for higher credits, but this demands extensive data collection and verification. These substantiation costs create a fixed overhead that disproportionately burdens smaller projects, often

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White House Admits It Used Keywords to Kill Billions Worth of California Research Grants

by Mikhail Zinshteyn (CalMatters) ... Federal agencies that terminated more than a thousand research grants at the University of California last year admitted that they used keywords related to diversity, gender, vaccine hesitancy and COVID-19 to screen for projects that ran

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USDA NIFA Funds Biorefining, Bioenergy Projects

by Erin Krueger (Ethanol Producer Magazine) The USDA’s National Institute of Food and Agriculture on June 23 announced it has awarded $5.6 million to support 11 projects that focus on converting, treating, processing, refining or manufacturing products to utilize plant, animal

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NACS Asks Federal Court to Reverse EPA Small Refinery Exemptions

(National Association of Convenience Stores) NACS argues exemptions are unwarranted because compliance costs are priced into the cost of fuel.  --  In a federal court filing on Friday (July 17, 2026), NACS shared industry expertise on small refinery exemptions issued under the

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EPA Announces New Members to the Farm, Ranch and Rural Communities Advisory Committee

(U.S. Environmental Protection Agency)  U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Administrator Lee Zeldin announced the appointment of 21 new members to the Farm, Ranch, and Rural Communities Federal Advisory Committee (FRRCC). The FRRCC provides independent policy advice and recommendations to the Administrator on

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Republican Moves to Scrap 2009 California Clean Car Rule

by Alex Guillén and Alex Nieves (Politico Pro E&E Daily)  The Trump EPA recently asked Congress to undo four more federal waivers underpinning California air pollution rules.  --   Wyoming Republican Rep. Harriet Hageman over the weekend introduced legislation targeting California vehicle emissions

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ENEOS and GEF1 Launch Strategic Collaboration for Synthetic Fuels

(Global e-Fuels)  ENEOS and German eFuel One (GEF1) have signed a strategic collaboration to launch synthetic fuels in Japan and advance the development of an international value chain for low-carbon fuels. The cooperation builds on the existing relationship between ENEOS and

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Record Canola Acres Reflect Growing Biofuel Demand

(Red River Farm Network)  North Dakota’s canola industry continues to expand, with USDA estimating farmers planted a record 2.35 million acres this year. “We’re really seeing a geographic expansion of canola in the state,” said Barry Coleman, executive director, Northern Canola

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EPA: 2 New SRE Petitions Filed, 42 SRE Petitions Currently Pending

by Erin Krueger (Ethanol Producer Magazine) The U.S. EPA on July 16 released updated Renewable Fuel Standard data, reporting that two new small refinery exemption (SRE) petitions were filed under the program during the past month. A total of 42 SRE

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DOE Alternative Fuels and Feedstocks Office Announces Intent to Advance Innovative Chemical Technologies

(U.S. Department of Energy)  The U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Alternative Fuels and Feedstocks Office (AFFO) today announced its intent to fund the advancement of novel, high-impact chemical technologies.  --  Proposed DOE funding will accelerate domestic chemical production WASHINGTON—The U.S. Department of Energy’s

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Freedom to Choose? Not When It Comes to Fuels

by Doug Durante (Clean Fuels Development Coalition/Biofuels Digest)  ... The very idea that the ethanol and ag community needed to negotiate unrelated concessions to the oil industry in order to allow retailers and others to choose to use 5 percent more

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Rep. Clyde, Sen. Lee Introduce End EPA Abuse Act

(Office of Representative Andrew Clyde (R-GA-09))  Today (June 25, 2026), Representative Andrew Clyde (GA-09) and Senator Mike Lee (R-UT) introduced the End EPA Abuse Act, legislation to amend the Clean Air Act to prevent the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) from abusing

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CoBank: Sorghum Use in Ethanol Production Doubles

by Erin Krueger (Ethanol Producer Magazine) CoBank’s Knowledge Exchange on July 8 released a new quarterly report that discusses the current status of E15 legislation. The report also highlights the ethanol industry’s increased use of grain sorghum feedstock. ... While Midwest lawmakers continue

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Ethanol off the Table in Brazil-US Tariff Talks

by Maria Lígia Barros and Denise Cathey (Argus Media) A lowering of Brazilian tariffs against ethanol is off the table in current US-Brazil trade negotiations, Brazil trade minister Marcio Elias Rosa said ahead of a 15 July deadline for a new

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Major USDA Section 9003 Upgrades: De-risked Projects & New Lender Opportunities

by CJ Evans (Alternative Fuels and Chemicals Coalition/Biofuels Digest) For over two decades, the United States bioeconomy has possessed the technological ingenuity to replace fossil-derived fuels, chemicals, and products, revitalize rural economies, establish domestic energy independence, and challenge global competitors for

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Biofuel Captures One-Third of Canadian Canola Acres

by Robert Arnason (Sask Today)  The importance of biofuel to canola, and what that means for the crop, is pulling companies into the public policy arena. ... In Canada, there’s a lesser known but similar fact in the canola business — more than

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Alternative Fuels and Feedstocks Office 2027 Peer Review Meeting --- Week of April 19, 2027 --- Arlington, VA

The Peer Review Meeting (PRM) includes a rigorous and systematic review of active projects in AFFO's research, development, and demonstration (RD&D) portfolio. These reviews are conducted by technical experts from industry, academia, the DOE National Laboratories, and other federal agencies.

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The Digest’s 2026 Multi-Slide Guide to Sovereign-Backed Concessional Finance

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Sovereign-backed concessional capital provides the patient, lower-cost funding essential for scaling first-of-a-kind bioeconomy plants. However, U.S. instruments like DOE LPO and USDA loans face strict mandates and lengthy approvals, lagging behind more flexible international green banks.

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Washington Week Ahead: Graham’s Death Weighs on Senate/Ag Looms Large as Farmers Head to Capitol Hill

by Kim Chipman (Agri-Pulse)  ... Corey Lavinsky, vice president of renewables policy at Calumet’s Montana Renewables, recalled (recently deceased Senator Lindsey) Graham’s strong support for the U.S. ethanol mandate under the Renewable Fuel Standard law.  “At the 2015 Iowa Ag Summit, he

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Dairy Farms’ Expansion Plan Worries California Families Who Once Had a ‘Little Piece of Heaven’

by Steven Rodas (Inside Climate News) The battle in the Central Valley is just one of many happening against dairy farms and new manure digester projects in the state. Farmers say they are trying to be better neighbors. ... One is Hillcrest Dairy,

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From the Editor: Promising News Regarding Grain-Based Ethanol

by Arvin Donley (World Grain)  When the United States ramped up corn-based ethanol production in the early part of this century, a food vs. fuel debate ensued with many proclaiming that increased grain-based biofuels output would threaten global food security. It

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Record US Biofuel Mandates Spark Unlikely European Import Surge

by Cole Martin and Elizabeth Elkin (Bloomberg) • An “America-first” fuel policy is triggering an influx of biofuel imports from Europe, with more than 13 million gallons of biodiesel arriving in the US since the beginning of May. The US finalized record-high

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Artificial Intelligence (AI), Synthetic Biology, and Robotics Combine to Improve Enzymes

(U.S. Department of Energy) A user-friendly system allows scientists to drastically improve enzyme performance  --  A team of researchers at the Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation (CABBI) created a fast, user-friendly process to improve industrial enzymes. The researchers combined artificial

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Aemetis Sells $18 Million of Section 45Z Clean Fuel Production Tax Credits

(Aemetis)  Aemetis, Inc. (NASDAQ: AMTX), a diversified renewable natural gas and biofuels company, today announced that its ethanol and renewable natural gas subsidiaries have received funds from the sales of $18 million of Section 45Z Clean Fuel Production Tax Credits. The sales

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John Deere Explores What’s Possible with Ethanol

by Becky Schultz (Power Progress) Ethanol has long been a staple in the automotive industry, used primarily in a low percentage blend with gasoline as an octane enhancer for spark-ignited engines. Over 16 billion gallons of ethanol are produced annually in

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Attorney Generals Across U.S. Tell EPA They Oppose Delay of Emissions Standards

(Aftermarket Matters) Proposed rule would give automakers two additional years before implementing the standards that lower fewer vehicle pollutants -- Attorney Generals across from 19 states and five cities have told in the EPA in a letter this week that they oppose

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European Parliament Rejects Proposal to Classify Soybean Oil as High ILUC Risk

by Erin Krueger (Biomass Magazine) The European Parliament on July 8 voted to reject a proposed European Union regulation that would have phased out the use of soybean oil as a biofuel feedstock in the EU by 2030. Representatives of the

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The Digest’s 2026 Multi-Slide Guide to the DOE LPO Pipeline

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Following the Inflation Reduction Act, the DOE Loan Programs Office (LPO) transformed into the bioeconomy’s primary sovereign anchor lender. An LPO conditional commitment powerfully crowds in private capital by validating project viability. However, surging application volumes

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Regulatory Agenda Released by the White House Office of Management and Budget on July 3 -- U.S. Department of the Treasury Plans to Issue Final 45Z Regulations in November 2026.

by Erin Krueger (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  ... U.S. Department of the Treasury currently plans to issue final 45Z clean fuel production credit regulations in November 2026.  Information on Treasury’s 45Z rulemaking process is one of hundreds of regulatory actions summarized in the

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Sherlock Holmes and the Case of the Great Octane Hunt

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Diges) Being an account of a curious inquiry into the true nature of renewable octane. -- ... “Gasoline,” Holmes replied, “is merely the carrier. Octane is the quality every engineer is desperately trying to purchase.” Outside, a hansom

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Is a New Biofuel Opportunity Emerging on the High Seas?

by Cassidy Walter (Successful Farming) • Oceangoing vessels over 5,000 gross tons make up 85% of global shipping CO2 emissions, according to the International Maritime Organization. The Renewable Fuels Association estimates capturing 5% of the fuel market for ships that size would

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Seoul Biofuels, SAF Conference Supports Ethanol Demand Growth In South Korea

(U.S. Grains & BioProducts Council) The U.S. Grains & BioProducts Council (USGBC), in cooperation with U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Foreign Agricultural Service (USDA’s FAS) and the Korea Biofuels Forum, hosted the 2026 Seoul Biofuels & Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) Conference in

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USMCA: Bilateral or Trilateral Trade -- Agriculture Seeks Certainty as US Pursues Separate Talks With Canada and Mexico

by Jake Zajkowski (DTN Progressive Farmer)  U.S. officials from the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative are expected to meet virtually with their counterparts from Mexico and Canada this week to launch the agreement's review process. "The Trump administration is expected

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Iowa Biodiesel Board Approaches 20 Years as a Champion of Biodiesel

by Dave Walton (American Soybean Association/Biobased Diesel Daily)   The organization has cemented and proven its important role in the livelihood of Iowa’s soybean farmers and biodiesel producers alike.  --  Next year, the Iowa Biodiesel Board will celebrate its 20th anniversary—two decades

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Meet EcoBOT: The Autonomous Lab Standardizing Plant-Microbe Research

by Linda VU (News from Berkeley Lab)  To harness biological systems (plants and microbes) for next-generation energy production and advanced materials, researchers are looking to beneficial plant-microbe interactions. Because these are complex systems, it has proven difficult to reproducibly control exactly

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Jefferson’s Fields, Adams’s Markets: The Farm Bill Debate at America 250 (Parts 1, 2 and 3 of “Action by the US Government”)

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) ... (Former US president Thomas) Jefferson believed that the nation’s strength would arise from its land, its farmers, its capacity for self-sufficiency, and the vast possibilities of continental expansion. (Former US president John) Adams believed

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Automakers Urge Court Not to Reinstate Biden Climate Standards

by Alex Guillén (E&E News PM)  Manufacturers warn they would have to take "drastic actions" to comply, including restricting sales of internal combustion vehicles. The auto industry’s biggest trade group has told a federal court that reinstating Biden-era EPA greenhouse gas tailpipe rules

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Trump Issues Regenerative Agriculture Order; USDA Launches Feedstock Rule to Unlock Biofuel Market Gains

(Forth.News) President Trump signed an Executive Order on June 25, 2026 to advance regenerative agriculture and strengthen farm resilience, directing HHS, USDA and EPA to boost research and partnerships in the sector. [1] Simultaneously, USDA Secretary Brooke Rollins announced a final Regenerative Feedstock Rule

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Japanese Journalists Tour Sustainable Marine Fuel Value Chain In Illinois, Texas

(U.S. Grains & BioProducts Council) Last week (week of June 1, 2026), the U.S. Grains & BioProducts Council (USGBC) invited influential journalists and representatives from weekly Japanese business journals to the United States for interviews and site visits related to the

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GLBRC Researcher Selected for DOE Grad Student Program

(Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center) Brandon Kristy, a graduate student in the Evans lab at Michigan State University, will use cutting-edge nanoscale ion mass spectrometry to visualize isotopic signatures inside roots and fungi at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. ... Kristy’s specialty is plant

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Rewriting the RFS Playbook: The Impact of Final RVOs on Projected Biomass-Based Diesel Feedstock Use for 2026-2027

by Todd Hubbs and Scott Irwin (Oklahoma State University/University of Illinois/farmdoc daily)  The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) finalized the “Set 2” rule at the end of March, establishing Renewable Volume Obligations (RVOs) under the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) for 2026

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Corn Growers Urge USDA to Fund Research on Corn Grain, Not Just Stover

(National Corn Growers Association)  The National Corn Growers Association (NCGA), along with 15 state corn organizations, delivered a letter to U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) to Under Secretary of Research, Education, and Economics Scott Hutchins, encouraging investment in research that supports

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CARB Floats New Vehicle LEV, GHG, ZEV Standards Amid Waiver Litigation

(Inside EPA) California Air Resources Board (CARB) staff are proposing new criteria pollutant, greenhouse gas and zero-emission vehicle (ZEV) standards that would take effect in model year 2031, even as the Trump administration is waging an aggressive campaign to limit the

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Senate Farm Bill Leaves out Contentious Policies. Democrats Are Not Impressed.

by Andres Picon and Jennifer Yachnin (E&E Daily) The legislation includes forestry and conservation provisions but steers away from issues like pesticide labeling and biofuels policy. Senate Agriculture Chair John Boozman on Tuesday painted a grim outlook for the nation’s farmers and

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Refinity Secures Exclusive License to PNNL Catalyst Technology to Convert Olefins into Circular Hydrocarbon Liquids for SAF Production

(Innventure) Refinity is developing an integrated pathway to convert mixed plastic waste into circular olefins and specialty hydrocarbon products, bypassing bio-based feedstock constraints Refinity, an Innventure, Inc. (NASDAQ: INV) company focused on transforming plastic waste into valuable chemical intermediates, today (June 22,

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California Sues to Keep Trump Out of Its Tailpipes

by  Alex Guillén (Politico Pro) The administration is hoping to kill older Golden State rules for cars and trucks, as well as electrification standards for lawn equipment.  --  California on Monday (June 22, 2026) launched a legal challenge over EPA's recent move to

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Section 9003 Isn’t Broken. The Map Is.

by Cynthia Thyfault (QuantaVision)  ... I’ve worked inside Section 9003 since it was written into the 2008 Farm Bill. Not adjacent to it. Inside it — application after application, year after year, alongside a small handful of people who have actually walked

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Faith No More: Is Farmer-Controlled Data the Future of US Agriculture?

by Chris Bennett (AgWeb) ... “Go anywhere in rural Illinois and find me a single farmer that has real faith in USDA or sincere belief in their crop reports. You won’t meet even one,” says Grundy County producer Sam Halterman.

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Working with Communities on Hydrogen and Renewable Fuels

(Washington State Department of Commerce)  Washington is working to ensure hydrogen and renewable fuel development benefits communities, supports workers, and protects public health. Why environmental justice matters for hydrogen and renewable fuels Hydrogen is expected to be an important tool for cutting emissions

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U.S. Ethanol Exports Surge on Trade Deals as Industry Warns against Unraveling USMCA

by Jenny Schlecht (AgWeek)  ... The United Kingdom, Lindberg (Luke Lindberg, under secretary of agriculture for trade and foreign agricultural affairs in the U.S. Department of Agriculture) noted, has increased its purchase of ethanol by about 50% following a trade agreement with

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The RFS Takes a Bold New Course

By Donnel Rehagen (Clean Fuels Alliance America) EPA’s Final Renewable Fuel Standards for 2026 and 2027 are remarkable. It’s easy to say the agency set volumes at historic levels, of course. But more than that, for the first time EPA prioritized

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USDA Delivers Final Rule to Revamp REAP Program to White House OMB

by Erin Krueger (Ethanol Producer Magazine) The USDA on June 15 delivered a final rule to the White House Office of Management and Budget that would, in part, “simplify and streamline requirements and processes” for the Rural Energy for America Program.  REAP

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OMB Rule Proposes Significant Changes to Federal Financial Assistance Requirements Public Comment DEADLINE July 13, 2026

(Holland & Knight)  • The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) and a group of other federal agencies recently issued a proposed rule in the Federal Register that, if finalized, would make significant changes across federal agencies related to the approval

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The Clean Fuel Production Tax Credit (45Z), Part 2: Carbon Intensity

Zhangliang Chen and Jonathan Coppess (University of Illinois/farmdoc daily)  As discussed previously, the Clean Fuel Production Tax Credit, or Section 45Z, is a tax credit for biofuel producers, not a direct payment or benefit to farmers (farmdoc daily, May 27, 2026). The

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Carbon Market Could Offer Farmers Opportunity for More Money

by Gil Gullickson (Wallaces Farmer/Farm Progress)  As Things Look to Me: Carbon intensification score helps determine eligibility for Section 45Z payments. Section 45 of the Inflation Act of 2022 could determine payments to farmers who produce low-carbon fuels. The tax credit’s worth is based

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OMB Nominee Confirms the Agency Is ‘Making Progress’ on USDA’s 45Z Feedstock Rule

by Erin Krueger (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Sen. Chuck Grassley, R-Iowa, on June 12 pressed Hal Duncan, President Donald Trump’s nominee to serve as deputy director of the White House Office of Management and Budget, on the current status of USDA’s 45Z

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The Digest’s 2026 Multi-Slide Guide to Defense Aviation SAF Offtakes

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) The Department of Defense consumes 4.6 billion gallons of jet fuel annually, offering unparalleled scale and sovereign credit that could anchor first-of-a-kind (FOAK) SAF projects. However, developers face structural hurdles, including annual budget cycles, short-term contracts,

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USDA Opens Application Period for FY 2027 Trade Promotion Programs DEADLINE August 14, 2026

by Erin Krueger (Ethanol Producer Magazine) The USDA on June 10 announced it is now accepting fiscal year (FY) 2027 funding applications for five trade promotion programs, including those that support efforts to increase exports of ethanol and distillers grains.  The specific

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Clean Energy Begins Producing RNG at East Valley Cattle, One of the Largest Dairies in the Country

(Clean Energy) Clean Energy Fuels Corp. (NASDAQ: CLNE) has announced it has completed its eighth dairy renewable natural gas (RNG) production facility in Jerome, Idaho – one of the largest single-site dairies and RNG facilities in North America. East Valley Cattle

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Clean Fuels’ Letter to President Trump Highlights Economic Benefits for Farmers, Rural Communities Flowing from RFS Rule

(Clean Fuels Alliance America) Today, on the EPA-established effective date for the 2026-2027 Renewable Fuel Standard volumes, Clean Fuels Alliance America delivered a letter to President Donald Trump once again thanking the administration and EPA for the historic volumes. The letter

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EPA Sends More California Waivers to the GOP Buzzsaw

by  Alex Guillén (Politico Pro E&E News) Automakers would no longer face any federal or state tailpipe standards for greenhouse gases. -- EPA on Friday (June 12, 2026) submitted four more California air pollution rule waivers to Congress, where Republicans can use

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Fact Check: The R Street Institute Blows It Again

(Renewable Fuels Association) Earlier today (June 12, 2026), the R Street Institute—a self-described “think tank whose work is grounded in liberty and freedom”—published an opinion piece (heavy emphasis on “opinion”) on ethanol policy. It’s a real doozy, chock full of myths

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45ZCF-GREET June 2026 Update

(U.S. Department of Energy) DOE Office of Critical Minerals and Energy Innovation sent this bulletin at 06/12/2026 02:02 PM EDT  --   45ZCF-GREET June 2026 Update There has been a revision/update made to the 45ZCF-GREET model and user manual. Visit the 45ZCF-GREET webpage to

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Senate Hearing Addresses E15 Legislation, 45Z Guidance

(Ethanol Producer Magazine) U.S. Agriculture Secretary Brooke Rollins reiterated support for E15 and confirmed that release of USDA feedstock guidance related to the 45Z clean fuel production credit is imminent during a June 10 hearing held by the Senate Agriculture Committee.  During

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New Research Enables Methanol Use in Dual Fuel Marine Engines

(Oak Ridge National Laboratory) A dual-fuel combustion strategy developed in a Caterpillar marine engine at DOE’s National Transportation Research Center at ORNL shows methanol can efficiently power inland and coastal vessels.  -- A dual fuel combustion system developed by Oak Ridge National

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E15 Ethanol Fuel Blocked Despite Lack of Scientific Justification

(Legis1) A decades-old regulatory quirk is forcing Congress and the White House into an uncomfortable alliance and a fight with the oil refining industry over whether a corn-derived fuel blend can be sold at gas stations year-round. A Congressional Research Service

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Rewriting the RFS Playbook: The Impact of Final RVOs on Projected Biomass-Based Diesel Production and Imports for 2026-2027

by Todd Hubbs and Scott Irwin (Oklahoma State University/University of Illinois/farmdoc daily) The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) released the final “Set 2” rule establishing Renewable Volume Obligations (RVOs) under the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) for 2026 and 2027 at the end

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Rolls-Royce Just Pushed a Jet Engine to Full Take-Off Power on Nothing but Hydrogen, Something Never Done Before on an Engine This Size, and the Combustion Engine’s Death Sentence Suddenly Looks Shaky

by Luis Reyes (AutoNotion) ... Then Rolls-Royce and easyJet set some hydrogen on fire inside a jet engine at NASA’s Stennis Space Center, pushed the throttle to full take-off power, and handed combustion something that looks a lot like a stay

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Japan Proposes Default GHG Emissions Scores for Brazilian Corn Ethanol and Thai Sugarcane and Cassava Ethanol

by Erin Krueger (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Japan’s Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) on April 17 released proposed default greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions values for Brazilian corn ethanol, Thai sugarcane ethanol and Thai cassava ethanol, according to a report filed

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Rollins Touts Ethanol Exports, E15 during House Ag Committee Hearing

by Brent Barnett (Brownfield Ag News)  Ag Secretary Brooke Rollins says the U.S. ethanol industry is heading in the right direction. “This year we’re going to have ethanol exports up 20% and corn exports up 22%,” Rollins said. “The world is opening

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The US Breaks Down the 'Blending Barrier' for E10 Gasoline, Moving Straight to E15.

(VietnamNet) USA - After surpassing the once-untouchable 10% ethanol limit, the US gasoline market is witnessing a historic leap forward with the explosion of E15. The numbers speak for themselves. For many years, energy policy analysts and U.S. oil and gas officials believed

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North American Food, Ag Groups Call for USMCA Renewal

(Morning Ag Clips)   USMCA, which went into effect in July 2020, requires that the three countries meet on July 1, 2026, to review the agreement  --  Nearly 160 organizations representing the American, Canadian and Mexican food and agricultural value chains sent

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The Toxic Substances Control Act: How These Regulatory Guidelines Shape Chemical Innovation

by Lucy Curtis (American Chemical Society)  The Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) is the primary set of regulatory guidelines used by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to review chemicals intended for commercial use and determine their potential safety risks to human

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SEC Proposal Pulls the Plug on Climate Disclosures Public Comment DEADLINE August 3, 2026

by Jean Chemnick (Politico Pro Greenwire)  The Securities and Exchange Commission called the Biden-era rule “overly burdensome and costly."  --   The Securities and Exchange Commission issued a proposal Friday (May 29, 2026) to undo Biden-era requirements that publicly traded companies provide a

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White House Moves to Give Political Appointees More Power over Federal Grants Public Comment DEADLINE July 13, 2026

by Ali Swenson (Associated Press)  President Donald Trump’s administration on Friday (May 29, 2026) moved to give political appointees more power over the billions of dollars in grants awarded by federal agencies, a move scientists say puts critical research funding into

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RFA Pushes for Ethanol’s Role in Cleaner Marine Shipping

by Mark Dorenkamp (Brownfield Ag News) The Renewable Fuels Association wants to ensure ethanol is part of any discussions about reducing global marine shipping emissions. RFA vice president of government affairs Ed Hubbard says the International Maritime Association continues to develop a

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The Clean Fuel Production Tax Credit (45Z); Introductory Discussion

by Jonathan Coppess and Zhangliang Chen (University of Illinois/farmdoc daily)   The Clean Fuel Production Credit, enacted in the Inflation Reduction Act and often referred to simply as “45Z” for its placement in the tax code, remains the subject of much attention (Brooks, February

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Biofuel Groups Push IRS for New Model to Calculate Tax Credit

by Erin Schilling (Bloomberg Tax) Biofuel and farm groups are asking the Treasury Department and IRS to update the model companies use to calculate whether they qualify for the clean fuel production tax credit. Agency lawyers are listening to proposals by more

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As Data Centers Boom, Virginians Breathe the Exhaust of 10,000 Diesel Generators

by Evan Halper and Kevin Crowe (Washington Post) Not long after the enormous data center sprouted in Jessica Medeiros’s residential neighborhood, she began seeing black smoke. “There are times when the generators are running and … soot falls to the ground,” Medeiros

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Rhoads Energy Breaks Ground on New Biofuels Facility

(Rhoads Energy)  The groundbreaking ceremony included remarks from local officials, project partners, and Rhoads Energy leadership, marking a shared commitment to expanding renewable fuel infrastructure in the region. Expanding access to cleaner, renewable fuel for our region Rhoads Energy has officially broken ground

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The Digest’s 2026 Multi-Slide Guide to Clean Maritime Fuels and Policy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) With shipping accounting for three percent of global greenhouse gas emissions, momentum is accelerating for low-carbon maritime fuels. Legislative developments like the Inflation Reduction Act’s technology-neutral Section 45Z tax credit and the proposed Renewable Fuels for

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A Multi-Path Approach to the Future of Off-Highway Power

by Allen Schaeffer (Engine Technology Forum)  From small construction machines to locomotives and tugboats, the off-highway sector is large and diverse. When viewed through the lens of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) emissions model inputs, just how large and diverse

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AIRCO Establishes U.S. Manufacturing Hub for Its Modular Fuel Production Systems with New Pennsylvania Facility

(AIRCO) The new facility will manufacture AIRCO’s MAD Fuel System™, deployed to produce fuel on demand for remote and operationally constrained environments  --   AIRCO™ (formerly Air Company), an industrial technology company developing advanced technologies for energy security and global resiliency, today (May

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UK Aerospace Partners Pledge £188m Investment in Hydrogen-Powered Aviation

by Christopher Surgenor (Green Air) UK cross-aviation industry group Hydrogen in Aviation Alliance (HIA) has announced combined investments of £188 million ($250m) into innovation and R&D for hydrogen-powered aviation. The group, which includes Airbus, Bristol Airport, easyJet, GKN Aerospace and Rolls-Royce,

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Ethanol Conversion: Lawmakers Seek Alternatives Amid Rising Fuel Costs

by Alejandro Lazo and Yue Stella Yu (CalMatters/LAist)  In the face of the nation’s highest gas prices, California lawmakers approved a bill to ease restrictions on E85 conversion kits — devices that let conventional gasoline cars run on a cheaper, mostly ethanol

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Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards corporate social responsibility corrosion corruption CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) cosmetics Costa Rica cotton cotton seed hulls cotton seed oil cotton stalk cottonwood Council on Environmental Quality county cover crops cow rumen cracking Crambe crassulacean acid metabolism plants (CAM) crimes criteria pollutants Croatia crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude lignin oil (CLO) crude oil Cruise Ships Cuba cup plant cuphea currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cusi Customs and Border Protection cutworm caterpillars cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) cylindro Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs d-5 D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D20 (20%DME) D5 (5%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency) date kernel oil date palm date palm pits date palm waste Dates DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act deficit definitions deforestation defossilization Dehydration Delaware DeltaWing demonstration demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify density Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security Department of Justice Department of Labor Department of the Interior Department of Transportation (DOT) depolymerization depots dextrose dfdsffsfdfsf diatoms diesel Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) diesel fuel blendstock diesel prices Diesel R5 diesel with renewables diesel-range hydrocarbons diesel-to-biodiesel conversion diethyl ether digital Digital Biology diisobutylene (DIB) dilute acid hydrolysis pretreatment DIN 51605 DIN EN 15376 (Ethanol blending component) direct air capture direct injection direct ocean capture Direct Sugar to Hydrocarbon Conversion (DSHC) direct-to-fuel directed evolution dispense distillates distillation distilled biodiesel distilled palm methyl ester (DPME) distilleries distributed/centralized distribution distribution capacity distribution waiver diversification divestment DME/rDME (dimethyl ether)/renewable DME DMF (2.5-dimethylfuran) Dominican Republic double cropping drawdown Drones/Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) drop-in biofuels/hydrocarbons drought drought tolerant drought-resistant dry ice dual cropping dual-fuel/flex fuel ships Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas (SNG)) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E100 E100 conversion kit E10M90 ethanol/methanol E11 E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E2 E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E3 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E32 E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E70 diesel E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency egg shell Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric Vehicle (EV) Prices electric grid electricity electricity price electricity/power generation electricity/power transmission electrocatalysis electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels (e-fuels) electrofuels (e-fuels) prices electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) electrons Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants embargo eminent domain emissions emissions standards EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 EN 228 EN 590 EN228 (standard pump gasoline) end user end-of-life Endangered Species Act (ESA) Energy Bill energy cane energy consumption energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy prices energy reserves Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine Development engine problems Engine/Fuel Co-optimization engineering England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment environmental attributes environmental impact study (EIS) environmental justice/socially inclusive environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Environmentalists Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic depolymerization enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling Enzyme solicitation enzymes EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) Equatorial Guinea equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia Eswatini/Swaziland ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) etha ethane ethanol ethanol benefits ethanol blend wall ethanol blended diesel ED ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol emissions ethanol ether diesel fuel ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol to gas ethanol tolerance ethanol-fueled aircraft Ethanol-to-Gasoline (ETG) ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/diesel ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethyl levulinate (EL) ethylbenzene ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order executive order--state Extended Range Electric Vehicle (EREV) externalities extremophiles f F Factor F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farmers farming farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation Feedstocks fermentation ferry fertilizer fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) Fischer-Tropsch/FT fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOAK (First of a Kind) FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources Forest Service forestry forklifts Formate formic acid fossil carbon fossil fuel Frace fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud free fatty acids (FFA) Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon gallium Gambia games gas prices gas tax/highway user fee gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gasoline-range hydrocarbons Gemany General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Gerrmany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) Intensity giant cane giant kelp Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect Global South global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grain sorghum/milo grain speculators grains GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery green/black economy Greenhouse Gas Protocol (GHGP) Greenland GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala Guava Seed guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Guinea Bissau Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP gypsum h hairy vetch Haiti Halophytes harvest site processing harvesting Hawai'i hay hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ HDO-SAK (hydro deoxygenated synthetic aromatic kerosene) health health benefits health effects heat of combustion heat of vaporization heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) high octane low carbon (HOLC) fuel High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 HVO20 HVO30 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrid ships hybrids hydrocarbon fuels Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydroformylation hydrogen aircraft hydrogen carrier hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen internal combustion engines hydrogen leaks hydrogen pipeline hydrogen pumps/fueling stations hydrogen tax credit hydrogen terminal Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Price hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogenolysis hydropower Hydroprocessed Esters and Fatty Acids Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (HEFA-SKA) Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal gasification hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois Illiois illuppai ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indian beech tree Indian grass Indiana indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial burners industrial ethanol industrial gases industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated biorefineries integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine (ICE) internal combustion engine (ICE)/gasoline engine ban International international balance of payments International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Sustainability and Carbon Certification model(ISCC) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit Invvesting ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron iron oxide IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISB10 isobutanol ISB15 isobutanol ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isobutylene isomerisation isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica jamelão Japan jatobá Jatropha Jersey Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 jet B Jetfuel (Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs Joint Office of Energy and Transportation jojoba Jordan JP-10 JP-4 JP-5/NATO F-44 JP-8/NATO F-34 juniper Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kalanchoe kamani Kans grass Kansas Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati knotweed Knowledge Discovery Framework Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kulpa kusum Kuwait Kygryzstan labels labor policy Labrador lactic acid lactose Lake County lamp oil land ownership land prices land rights land subsidence land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy landfill methane Landfills landscape Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead Leadtree leaf ant Lebanon lecithin legislation Legislation-Federal Legislation-State legumes lemna lend-lease Lesotho lesquerella leucaena levulinic acid Liberia Libya licensing lichens life cycle analysis (LCA) light rail lignin Lignin Ethanol Oil (LEO) Lignocellulosic Biofuel lignocellulosic sugars lime linseed Lipid liquefaction liquid liquid petroleum gas (LPG) liquid transportation fuels liquidation Liquified Biogas (LBG) Liquified Biogas (LBG) pumps liquified biomethane (LBM) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logistics long-term contracts Louis Louisiana low c low carbon emissions low carbon octane standard (LCOS) Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel low sulfur fuel low sulfur marine fuel LSMGO (Low Sulfur Marine Gas Oil) lubricants lumber mill lupin Luxembourg lysis M100 M15 M3 M50 ma macadamia macauba Macedonia machine learning machinery macororo Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona management changes mandates mangaba manganese mango mangrove Manitoba mannose manure maple maps marginal land marine algae Marine Corps 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microorganisms/microbes microwave Mid-Atlantic Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military reserves military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels milk permeate millennium fruit millet millettia pinnata milo stover mineralization minerals mining Minn Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold Moldova molinia molybdenum MON (Motor Octane Number) Monaco Mongolia mongongo monitoring/measuring reporting verifiction (MRV) Montana Montenegro moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles motors MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES2014 MOVES3 (MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator model) Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed mvr Myanmar n-butanol n-butene nahar Namibia nano nano particles nanocatalysts nanocellulose nanomaterials naphtha/bionaphtha/renewable naphtha naphthene NASCAR National Academies of Science National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) National Energy Council National Environmental Policy Act National Guard National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Laboratory National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Oilheat Research Alliance National Park Service National Research Council National Science Foundation (NSF) national security National Security Council National Transportation Safety Board National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) Native American/American Indian/First Nation Tribes natural gas Natural Gas Act natural gas input natural gas pipelines natural gas prices natural gas vehicles natural gasoline Navy Nebraska neem negative carbon emissions NEN 7427-1 neodymium Nepal net energy balance Netherlands Nevada New Brunswick new fuel approval New Guinea New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New South Wales New York New Zealand Newfoundland Newfoundland and Labrador next generation biofuels next generation vehicles NHRA drag racing Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrogen starvation nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota North Korea Northeast Northern Australia northern catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory Northwest Territories Norwary Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds nuclear Nunavut nut shells nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition oak oat hulls oat straw oats Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) Office of Science Technology and Policy (OSTP) Offices of Inspector Generals offtake agreements Ohio oil oil embargo oil exploration oil monopoly oil p oil price parity oil prices oil production oil refineries oil replacement oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil speculators oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes oil/gas terminals Oilcane Oils Oklahoma olefins oligomerization olive cake olive oil olive pits olive pomace olive water olives Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm ammonia production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing on-site hydrogen production on-site methanol production one p one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontaio Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) open fuel standard open pond opportunity zones optimized flex fuel vehicles orange peel orchard grass orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells Organization for Economic 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pet food petition petroleum pharmaceuticals phase separation Philippines phosphorus photobioreactor photocatalysis/photocatalysts photoelectrocatalysis photoelectrochemical photolysis photosynthesis phragmites pigeon pea pilot pilot scale pine pine beetle pine needles pine nut pineapple Pineapple leaf pinion Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Admin (PHMSA) pipelines Pistacia chinensis PLA plant cell research plant cell walls plant oil plastic plastic-to-jet platinum Plug-in Flex Fuel Hybrid Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) plume grass Poand podcasts Poland poli Policy politics pollinators pollution pollution control polyethylene polyfuel polymer polymerization polysaccharides pomace pomegranates pongamia pongamia pinnata poplar poppy population control Portable refinery Portugal poster sessions potamogeton potassium potato poultry litter/waste power power-to-x/gas/liquid prairie grasses pre-processing precision farming/agriculture precursors/biointermediates premium gasoline Pretreatment pretreatment equipment price price of water prickly pear Prince Edward Island process flow diagram producer tax credit Production tax credit productivity project insurance propagating Propane/Biopropane/Renewable Propane propane/renewable propane pumps propanol property insurance propylene protectionism protein protests proton exchange membrane (PEM) public comments public health policy Puerto Rico pulp Pulp/Paper Mill pump retrofit kit pumps/fueling station pungam Punnai tree pyrolysis pyrolytic liquefaction Q-RIN QAP Qatar quality assurance Quality Assurance Plans (QAPs) quality improvement quantum dots Quebec Queensland quote of the week r R Factor R100/RD100 R33 R5 R95B5/RD95B5 R99/RD99 rabbits race radiata pine radish leaves Rahal Letterman Lanigan Racing railroad rain tree rainforest ranchers RAND rare earth metal/critical minerals RD10 RD100 RD15 RD20 RD26 RD3 RD30 RD40 RD50 RD55 RD80 RD80B20 RD99 reclaimed mine lands Recycled Carbon Fuel (RCF) recycled oil recycled 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rice bran oil rice hulls rice husks rice price rice straw/paddy straw RICO (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act) RIMPAC RINs (Renewable Identification Numbers) RINs markets RINs price risk management RJ-4 RJ-6 RME (rape methyl ester) RME180 RNA (Ribonucleic acid) RNG tax credit roadmap rocket fuel Romania RON (Research Octane Number) rosin rotation crops Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials (RSB) royalties RP-1 RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber rubber seeds rumen ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Rural Renewable Energy Pilot Program rushes Russia Russian olive rutabaga Rwanda ry rye Rye grass rye straw s saccharification SAF pipeline SAF10 SAF30 SAF40 SAFc (Sustainable Aviation Fuel certificates) Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower sago sago pond weed SAIC sal tree Salicornia salt water salt-tolerant saltbush saltcedar Samoa Sanctions Santa Monica sardine oil Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Advisory Board (SAB) Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) Science Policy scooters Scotland scum sea level rise seaports seashore mallow seawater seaweed cultivation Seaweed/Macroalgae second-generation biofuel income tax credit Section 526 Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) seed husks seed-to-wheel Senegal Serbia sesame sewage Seychelles shale shale gas shale oil shark oil Shea sheep shellfish shipping shipping containers shipworm siam weed Sierra Leone silage silica Silphie/cup plant/Indian cup silver silver maple simarouba Singapore Singpore sisal SK slash Slovakia/Slovak Republic Slovenia sludge Small Business Administration Small Business Innovatin Research (SBIR) Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) Program small engines small refinery exemption (SRE) smog smokestack soap soapstock Social social benefit investing social cost social value social venture Society of Automotive 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benefit tax credits tax incentives tax parity tax policy taxes tea teach teach-the-teacher teacher teacher resources teacher training tech transfer technical course Technical Readiness Levels techno-economic analysis technology transfer telephone utility poles Tennessee termites terpenes terrestrial carbon testing Texas textbook Thailand theft therapeutics Thermal catalytic depolymerization (TCD) thermal deoxygenation thermocatalytic conversion thermochemical conversion thermochemical liquefaction Tibet Tier 3 Tier 4 tilapia tillage Timor-Leste tires tobacco tobacco tree Togo Tokyo toluene tomato Tonga tool Toronto torrefaction totai Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) trade trade dispute/discrimination trade group trade organization Trade Policy trade secrets training trains transesterification transgenics transition Transportation Fuels Policy Transportation Fuels Policy--Municipal Transportation Fuels Policy--State Transportation Policy travel policy Treasury Department trees 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