When the Clock Is Ticking, but the Rules Aren’t Set: Clean Fuels Conference 2026 Delegates Assess a Wonderland of Market Opportunity and Policy Uncertainty

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January 21, 2026
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by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) If the clean fuels industry is living through an Alice-in-Wonderland moment, it’s not because things feel fanciful. It’s because the rules keep changing shape just as the clock gets louder.

That was the unspoken theme running through the Clean Fuels Conference this year, where delegates heard repeated variations on the same question: Are we on a storybook cruise — or strapped into a wild ride? The answer, depending on the panel, was usually some version of both.

What made the moment feel surreal wasn’t uncertainty alone. It was scale. The industry may be staring at some of the largest mandated volumes in its history — at the same time it waits, once again, for the rules that determine how, when, and whether those volumes can be met.

A Wild Ride Toward Historic Volumes

The clearest headline came during the federal policy outlook session. After years of incrementalism, the numbers on the table are no longer modest. Clean Fuels leadership, aligned with petroleum stakeholders, originally coalesced around a unified request of 5.25 billion gallons. The response from the Environmental Protection Agency landed higher: 5.61 billion gallons. Panelist Anthony Reed described the proposal as “historic increases,” representing a two-billion-gallon jump over three years.

Kurt Kovarik, Vice President of Federal Affairs, captured the room’s disbelief with a line that rippled through the audience: “Sometimes I think I’m dreaming… but it’s reality.”

The industry has spent years arguing that volumes needed to grow to meet climate and energy security goals. Now, improbably, it may get more than it asked for. And yet — this is Wonderland — the ride doesn’t move until the operator flips the switch.

The Waiting Game

Despite optimism on volumes, the industry remains stuck in a holding pattern. The EPA has missed its statutory deadline, and key decisions remain unresolved. Kovarik estimated that once the White House signals final decisions on Small Refinery Exemptions (SREs) and import accounting, the rule could land within six to eight weeks. All signs point to a final rule in February or early March — but only after those signals are sent.

Until then, the industry waits with engines idling.

Two Mysteries Still Unresolved: SREs and 45Z

Two regulatory choke points continue to define the risk profile.

First: SRE reallocation. 

...

Second: the 45Z tax credit.

...

Feedstock Frenzy: “Boom. It’s Done.”

If policy uncertainty sets the mood, feedstocks define the stakes.

The Feedstock Frenzy session exposed the growing tension between volatile global trade and rising domestic capability. Moderated by Alan Weber, the panel brought together voices spanning the supply chain — Restaurant Technologies, StoneX, Corteva, and Fastmarkets — and delivered one consistent message: optionality disappears fast. Ryan Standard offered the session’s most memorable line while describing how tariffs can sever trade flows overnight: “You think this is a business that’s going to continue for a couple of years. Fifty percent tariff. Boom. It’s done.”

Tallow once destined for U.S. markets is rerouted instantly ....

...

And yet, amid the turbulence, the domestic outlook was strikingly confident. One panelist estimated that 4.25 to 4.5 billion gallons of the coming mandate could be met domestically — very easily — without major price ripples. The constraint is not feedstock scarcity so much as timing.

Innovation will have to do the heavy lifting. Chad Edwards highlighted Corteva’s collaboration with Bunge and Chevron to develop winter canola as a rotational crop in the Mid-South — a promising pathway, but one governed by biology, not bureaucracy. These are long cycles of investment, he reminded the room, and they only work with predictable markets.  READ MORE

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Excerpt from Clean Fuels Alliance America: Leaders from across the biodiesel, renewable diesel and sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) value chain will gather next week in Orlando for the 2026 Clean Fuels Conference to examine the state of clean fuels markets, emerging policy dynamics and the technologies driving continued growth.

The Clean Fuels Conference runs Monday through Thursday, Jan. 19-22, at the Orlando World Center Marriott bringing together producers, feedstock suppliers, engine and equipment manufacturers, fuel marketers, policymakers and end users from across the globe.

Mainstage sessions will explore:

  • Clean Fuels in a Changing Global Scene: Market trends and outlooks for biodiesel, renewable diesel and SAF in 2026
  • Managing Tight Supplies and Tougher Rules for Vegetable Oils, Fats and UCO: Tightening feedstock markets, regulatory pressures and evolving sourcing strategies are shaping the future of biodiesel and renewable diesel production
  • Navigating Marine Opportunities: Growing opportunities for clean fuels in the marine sector, driven by rising demand and emerging mandates
  • Aligning with the Liquid Fuels Supply Chain: Where clean fuels fit today, where they could grow, and what both sides need to accelerate progress together
  • From Field to Fuel Tank: Purpose-driven leadership and coordinated supply chains are advancing clean fuels from farm fields to fuel tanks nationwide

In addition to mainstage programming, conference breakout sessions will offer in-depth discussions on policy, fuel markets and standards, sustainability reporting and regulatory implementation—providing attendees with a comprehensive view of the clean fuels landscape.

The conference will once again feature a Vehicle Showcase, highlighting heavy-duty vehicles, equipment and technologies powered by biodiesel and renewable diesel.

The Clean Fuels Conference is hosted by Clean Fuels Alliance America, the national trade association representing biodiesel, renewable diesel and sustainable aviation fuel.  READ MORE

 

Excerpt from Clean Fuels Alliance America/Biobased Diesel Daily:  

BQ-9000

The eighth annual BQ-9000® Biodiesel Quality Report once again demonstrated that accredited producers consistently deliver fuel that exceeds ASTM requirements.

This assurance has helped original-equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and fleets embrace higher blends, from John Deere’s equipment approvals to PepsiCo’s fleet of more than 700 B100-capable assets.

Clean fuels support US economy

Clean Fuels unveiled a new study in 2025 that updated the impact of biodiesel and renewable diesel production on America’s economy.

According to the report, clean fuels support:

  • $42.4 billion in economic activity.

  • 107,400 jobs.

  • $6 billion paid in annual wages.

Environmental scoring improves

The environmental impact of soy-based biodiesel was shown to be even better than previous reports.

Argonne National Lab in 2025 updated its GREET model for carbon-intensity (CI) scoring with the latest data on soy production, resulting in a 40 percent decrease in soy biodiesel’s CI score over the past five years.

Clean fuels support soybean demand

All of these factors and more in 2025 set the stage for continued growth in clean-fuel production and use and improved stability for soybean markets and U.S. farmers.

Biodiesel and renewable diesel production represent 10 percent of the value of all soybeans grown in the United States, providing an expanding market for half of all the soybean oil processed domestically.

Today, the industry consumes on average more than 1 billion pounds of soybean oil every month.

Looking ahead, Clean Fuels envisions that by 2030, total biodiesel and renewable diesel use across on-road, off-road, air transportation, electricity generation and home-heating applications will exceed 6 billion gallons, using 18 billion pounds of soybean oil.  READ MORE

 

Excerpt from Clean Fuels Alliance America: The foundation is strong for expansion of biodiesel, renewable diesel and sustainable aviation fuel in the U.S., but to build on the growth of recent years, producers and stakeholders must remain united, Clean Fuels Alliance America CEO Donnell Rehagen told attendees of the Clean Fuels Conference in Orlando this week.

Clean fuel producers persevered through a year that saw slower production amidst unsettled regulation, including questions about 45Z tax credits and the possibility of Renewable Fuel Standard exemptions for small refineries.

But there were also key wins, and the industry can get back on track as positive policy is finalized and put into action this year.

  • EPA’s proposed increase in biomass-based diesel (BBD) Renewable Volume Obligations (RVO) of nearly 2 billion gallons for 2026.
  • Exclusion of speculative indirect land-use change scores from 45Z tax credits.
  • Numerous new opportunities in state-level clean fuel standards.

“We will lean into this moment,” Rehagen said. “The strong RVO proposal, the [indirect land-use change] exclusion, the 45Z tax credit—these aren’t abstractions. They’re our runway. We’ll turn those billions of gallons on paper into actual production, actual jobs, actual impact.”

To achieve this, all producers and stakeholders along the value chain must remain aligned, he said.

“Last year showed us what happens when we set aside some differences and work together. When biodiesel and renewable diesel producers joined forces with oil and gas refiners who’ve invested in our space—and farmers – when we aligned on RVO goals, we saw something powerful emerge. That unity between ag and energy gave us leverage we’ve never had before.”

The conference, held Jan. 19-22, featured sessions covering topics from exports to regulation and feedstocks, to new markets and more.

In addition, several major Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) and fleets previewed the latest diesel technology and clean fuels innovations in a vehicle showcase on site.

  • John Deere, with its Gator XUV and John Deere 6 Series Tractor.
  • Caterpillar, with its Cat® 903 Compact Wheel Loader featuring the new Cat C1.7 Tier 4 Final engine.
  • Immixt, LLC, with its Immixt Renewable Fuel System, its patented on-vehicle flex fuel diesel technology and cloud-based software, which allows fleets to blend biodiesel with ULSD diesel or renewable diesel onboard their diesel trucks.
  • Estes Express Lines with an International LT625 truck from its fleet, equipped with a Cummins X15 diesel engine and the Immixt Renewable Fuel System to operate on biodiesel blends up to B100.

The sessions and vehicles on display showed how progress within the industry and along the transportation network has created momentum for growth.

“We will expand demand,” Rehagen said. “More OEMs approving higher blends. More fleets adopting them. More infrastructure to support them. We’ll keep telling the stories: PepsiCo, John Deere, Pilot, the planes, trains and automobiles — and don’t forget ships and homes — that prove our value isn’t theoretical. It’s real.”  READ MORE

 

Excerpt from DTN Progressive Farmer: Anthony Reed, a partner at FGS Global, said during a panel discussion at the Clean Fuels Alliance America conference here on Tuesday that plants across the country will need to ramp up production in a hurry.

...

"And I think everything we've kind of heard is that they're looking to do a three-year rule the next time to be done with RVOs (renewable volume obligations) for the rest of this administration. ... And we don't have that year delay when a new administration takes hold. So, again, we got to deliver in '26 to be able to set the stage for a next strong RVO."

The latest RFS proposal was required to be finalized by Nov. 1, 2025, but was set back in part by a supplemental rule from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to potentially reallocate RFS gallons waived through small-refinery exemptions to other obligated parties.

"I do think that EPA very much wants to solve all these questions so that there is certainty in there, so they're willing to take a little bit more time to give everyone more certainty around all these questions," Reed said.

"... We are still waiting for it to go to OMB (White Office of Management and Budget) for interagency review," Reed said. "Kind of what we've been hearing is that the administration needs to make a final decision on how they're going to address the final numbers, what are they going to do on the import RIN (renewable identification numbers), and then what are they going to do on SREs. And once those decisions are made, it's going to have to go to EPA to write it up."

That means a final RFS is likely six to eight weeks away from completion, he said. The Trump EPA has proposed devaluing biofuel renewable identification numbers by 50% for those fuel producers that use feedstocks from foreign countries.

"I continue to be very cautiously optimistic, and things continue to go in and are going in our way," Reed said.

"I think we have an administration that really wants to help on all of these fronts. I hope this is worth the wait. I think it will be."

...

HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE

Kurt Kovarik, vice president of federal affairs for Clean Fuels Alliance America, said that although the wait to see the final RFS volumes has been going on for a while, it is important to remember what is yet to come -- a jump in the biomass-based diesel number from 3.5 billion gallons to at least 5.25 billion gallons.

...

Kovarik said the Trump administration quickly recognized that the three-year RFS set-one proposal that provided a biomass-based diesel volumes increase across three years of 590 million gallons was "woefully insufficient" and led to the "headwinds" the industry has faced.

"But then the second component of that is convincing the political class that this, you know, picking up the mantle of pro-biofuels is worth the fight with the refiners or environmentalists or other stakeholders who've always been opposed to it," Kovarik said.

...

Kovarik said the industry is facing additional headwinds from claims by many petroleum interests and others that fuels like biodiesel are raising the price at the pump.

"While we may feel like we're winning now, we certainly haven't won," Kovarik said. "There's a lot of work that needs to be done and vigilance that needs to be maintained. But the good news is, I think, folks who are trying to address the crisis in the ag economy see the opportunity for biofuels to be a market driver that delivers value and helps alleviate some of that, those economic headwinds."

SMALL-REFINERY EXEMPTIONS PROPOSAL

Exactly what approach the Trump administration decides to take on reallocating volumes from small-refinery exemptions -- whether it's zero reallocation or 100% -- is expected to play a significant role in the future of the biofuels industry.

...

"So, really, the fight that we're arguing about is how much of these SREs from '23 to '25 will be added back into the RVO or not," Reed said.

"We continue to feel very confident that they will continue to estimate SREs for '26 and '27. This is just about making sure we're made whole at the end of the day."  READ MORE

 

Excerpt from ResourceWise: 

As the 2026 Clean Fuels Conference wraps up, the mood in the room is clear. This industry is no longer talking about what’s possible, but about what comes next.

Hosted by the Clean Fuels Alliance America, the annual conference brought together producers, marketers, technology providers, farmers, and policymakers to take stock of where clean fuels stand and where they’re headed.

Across mainstage panels, technology showcases, and candid conversations, this year’s event underscored just how quickly clean fuels are moving from niche solutions to critical infrastructure in global energy markets.

A Market Entering Bigger Waters

...

Technology on Display, Progress in Motion

On the show floor, attendees gathered at Conference Central for a firsthand look at heavy-duty equipment and on-road vehicles showcasing the latest diesel technology for 2026. From advanced engines to integrated fuel solutions, the Vehicle Technology Showcase highlighted how innovation is actively enabling greater use of biodiesel and other clean fuels across real-world applications.

...

Feedstocks, Farmers, and the Pressure to Adapt

As clean fuel markets grow, so do the challenges.

Several sessions focused on feedstocks, where tightening margins, rising compliance burdens, and global competition are reshaping sourcing strategies. Producers, marketers, and advocates alike are being forced to navigate a more complex and constrained landscape.

...

Policy Signals and the Road Ahead

The final mainstage discussion brought the regulatory picture into sharp focus.

Clean Fuels COO Doug Whitehead and a panel of experts examined how 45Z, potential changes to the Renewable Fuel Standard, and evolving import rules are already influencing sourcing decisions and future production plans.

Rather than uncertainty alone, the takeaway was one of adaptation. The industry is learning to operate in an environment where policy, markets, and global demand intersect more tightly than ever before.

...

A Milestone Moment for Clean Fuels

More than any single announcement or panel, the 2026 Clean Fuels Conference marked a broader milestone. Clean fuels are no longer framed solely as alternatives or transitional options. They are being treated as durable, scalable solutions delivering real benefits today.  READ MORE

 

Excerpt from ResourceWise: Across policy briefings, technical sessions, and side-room discussions, a few themes surfaced again and again:

  • Optimism Around Near-Term Growth

  • Urgency Around Regulatory Clarity

  • Carbon Intensity, Traceability, and Operational Realities

From renewable diesel and biodiesel to SAF and marine fuels, the conference highlighted both the momentum behind clean fuels and the challenges that still need to be navigated.

Below, we’ve summarized the key takeaways from Clean Fuels Orlando:

  • What industry participants learned

  • What questions remain unresolved

  • What these signals may mean for the year ahead

1. Clean fuels are no longer niche. They’re entering real growth mode.

...

2. Unity across the value chain matters for momentum.

...

3. Policy progress creates both opportunity and challenge.

...

4. Feedstock pressures are real and shaping strategies.

...

5. The marine and SAF sectors are gaining traction.

...

6. Innovation is in motion, with real tech on display.

...

7. Sustainability certification and trust remain priorities.

READ MORE

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conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency egg shell Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric Vehicle (EV) Prices electric grid electricity electricity price electricity/power generation electricity/power transmission electrocatalysis electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels (e-fuels) electrofuels (e-fuels) prices electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) electrons Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants embargo eminent domain emissions emissions standards EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 EN 228 EN 590 EN228 (standard pump gasoline) end user end-of-life Endangered Species Act (ESA) Energy Bill energy cane energy consumption energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy prices energy reserves Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine Development engine problems Engine/Fuel Co-optimization engineering England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment environmental attributes environmental impact study (EIS) environmental justice/socially inclusive environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Environmentalists Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic depolymerization enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling Enzyme solicitation enzymes EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) Equatorial Guinea equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia Eswatini/Swaziland ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) etha ethane ethanol ethanol benefits ethanol blend wall ethanol blended diesel ED ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol emissions ethanol ether diesel fuel ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol to gas ethanol tolerance ethanol-fueled aircraft Ethanol-to-Gasoline (ETG) ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/diesel ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethyl levulinate (EL) ethylbenzene ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order executive order--state Extended Range Electric Vehicle (EREV) externalities extremophiles f F Factor F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farmers farming farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation Feedstocks fermentation ferry fertilizer fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) Fischer-Tropsch/FT fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOAK (First of a Kind_ FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources Forest Service forestry forklifts Formate formic acid fossil carbon fossil fuel Frace fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud free fatty acids (FFA) Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon gallium Gambia games gas prices gas tax/highway user fee gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gasoline-range hydrocarbons Gemany General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Gerrmany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) Intensity giant cane giant kelp Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect Global South global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grain sorghum/milo grain speculators grains GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery green/black economy Greenland GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala Guava Seed guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Guinea Bissau Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP gypsum h hairy vetch Haiti Halophytes harvest site processing harvesting Hawai'i hay hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ HDO-SAK (hydro deoxygenated synthetic aromatic kerosene) health health benefits health effects heat of combustion heat of vaporization heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) high octane low carbon (HOLC) fuel High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 HVO20 HVO30 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrid ships hybrids hydrocarbon fuels Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydroformylation hydrogen aircraft hydrogen carrier hydrogen combustion engines hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen internal combustion engines hydrogen leaks hydrogen pipeline hydrogen pumps/fueling stations hydrogen tax credit hydrogen terminal Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Price hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogenolysis hydropower Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal gasification hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois Illiois illuppai ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indian beech tree Indian grass Indiana indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial burners industrial ethanol industrial gases industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated biorefineries integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine (ICE) internal combustion engine (ICE)/gasoline engine ban International international balance of payments International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Sustainability and Carbon Certification model(ISCC) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit Invvesting ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron iron oxide IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISB10 isobutanol ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isobutylene isomerisation isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica jamelão Japan jatobá Jatropha Jersey Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 jet B Jetfuel (Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs Joint Office of Energy and Transportation jojoba Jordan JP-10 JP-4 JP-5/NATO F-44 JP-8/NATO F-34 juniper Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala 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(LBM) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logistics long-term contracts Louis Louisiana low c low carbon emissions low carbon octane standard (LCOS) Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel low sulfur fuel low sulfur marine fuel LSMGO (Low Sulfur Marine Gas Oil) lubricants lumber mill lupin Luxembourg lysis M100 M15 M3 M50 ma macadamia macauba Macedonia machine learning machinery macororo Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona management changes mandates mangaba manganese mango mangrove Manitoba mannose manure maple maps marginal land marine algae Marine Corps Marine Diesel Oil (MDO) Marine Fuel Oil Marine Gas Oil (MGO) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) price Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel Terminal Marine/maritime renewable fuel terminal/bunkering market forces market share marketing markets/sales Mars Marshall Islands Maryland Masdar Institute mass balance standard Massachusetts Master Limited Partnership (MLP) Mauritania Mauritius Mazda meat mechanics training medical waste MEEC membranes mergers and acquisitions mesquite methanation methane leaks methane/biomethane methanization methanol benefits methanol fuel cells methanol hybrid methanol price Methanol-to-Gasoline Methanol-to-Jet (MTJ-SPK) Methanol/Biomethanol/Renewable Methanol methylbutenol Mexico Michelin GreenX Challenge Michigan micro-crop microalgae microbial electrosynthesis microbiology microorganisms/microbes microwave Mid-Atlantic Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military reserves military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels milk permeate millennium fruit millet millettia pinnata milo stover mineralization minerals mining Minn 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Nitrogen fertiliser nitrogen starvation nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota North Korea Northeast Northern Australia northern catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory Northwest Territories Norwary Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds nuclear Nunavut nut shells nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition oak oat hulls oat straw oats Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) Office of Science Technology and Policy (OSTP) Offices of Inspector Generals offtake agreements Ohio oil oil embargo oil exploration oil monopoly oil p oil price parity oil prices oil production oil refineries oil replacement oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil 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(RSB) royalties RP-1 RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber rubber seeds rumen ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Rural Renewable Energy Pilot Program rushes Russia Russian olive rutabaga Rwanda ry rye Rye grass rye straw s saccharification SAF pipeline SAF10 SAF30 SAF40 SAFc (Sustainable Aviation Fuel certificates) Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower sago sago pond weed SAIC sal tree Salicornia salt water salt-tolerant saltbush saltcedar Samoa Sanctions Santa Monica sardine oil Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Advisory Board (SAB) Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) Science Policy scooters Scotland scum sea level rise seaports seashore mallow seawater seaweed cultivation Seaweed/Macroalgae second-generation biofuel income tax credit Section 526 Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) seed husks seed-to-wheel Senegal 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