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A Summary of Federal Programs: The Digest’s 2018 Multi-Slide Guide to Alternative Fuel and Advanced Vehicle Technology Incentives

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  A wide array of federal incentives supports the development and deployment of alternatives to conventional fuels and engines in transportation. These incentives include tax deductions and

December 5, 2018 Read Full Article

EIA: Subsidies for Renewables Down as Tax Credits Diminish

(U.S. Energy Information Administration/Ethanol Producer Magazine)   Federal subsidies for renewable energy—including biofuels for transportation use and renewable generation of electricity—dropped to $6.7 billion in fiscal year (FY) 2016, a 56

May 1, 2018 Read Full Article

Letter to Editor: Good Policy

by Mike Chisam (The Hays Daily News)  A recent article in the Hays Daily News, titled “Subsidized madness,” makes erroneous claims about the Renewable Fuel Standard and ethanol. The article attacks

August 15, 2016 Read Full Article

Following-up on RFS Questions

by Jonathan Coppess (Farm Doc Daily)  The Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) has been a hot topic of late given the release of the final rule and its rather prominent feature leading

February 11, 2016 Read Full Article

Ethanol Producers Share Strategies for Success in FEW Panel

by Holly Jessen  (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Four executives of ethanol plants gathered on stage during the general session June 5 at the International Fuel Ethanol Workshop & Expo (FEW) to

June 11, 2012 Read Full Article

No Farm Bill, No Tier 3—Not until after the Election; Sundrop Fuels Presents an Alternative

By Joanne Ivancic (Advanced Biofuels USA)  At the March 21 Bioenergy Day on Capitol Hill, discussion focused on the need for a continued Renewable Fuels Standard, reviews of the history

March 23, 2012 Read Full Article

By the Numbers: Trends and Patterns in the Ethanol Industry

by Holly Jessen (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  …The arrival of the blend wall and expected increase in E85 prices due to the lapse of VEETC are two factors that have complicated

March 14, 2012 Read Full Article

Get Ready To Pay More For Gas

(TheIndyChannel.com)  Analysts Predict Higher Prices Ahead …AAA said Monday that both gasoline and crude oil prices are at historic highs for this time of year. The national average for regular

January 17, 2012 Read Full Article

Ethanol Tax and Tariff Changes Likely to Affect DDGS Value

by Steve Meyer  (National Hog Farmer)  … In a recent newsletter, Rob Musser of NutriQuest, Mason City, IA, (www.nutriquest.biz) lays out the economic proposition for ethanol plants removing corn oil

January 16, 2012 Read Full Article

Oil Prices to Reach All-Time High

(Farm Futures)  Even without VEETC ethanol is still making gasoline cheaper In its monthly short-term outlook, the Energy Department expects U.S. benchmark crude oil prices to average over $100 a

January 12, 2012 Read Full Article

Editorial: Uncle Sam and Ethanol — Small Steps toward a Genuine Market

(Chicago Tribune)  …Congress and the federal agencies responsible for managing the biofuel industry need to stop trying to artificially create a market for a high-tech product that may never exist

January 12, 2012 Read Full Article

Ethanol Remains a Bargain

by Geoff Cooper (Renewable Fuels Association)  …In recent weeks, many headlines have trumpeted the argument that gas prices will be higher as a result of expiration of the VEETC. As

January 12, 2012 Read Full Article

Biodiesel a Concern as Renewable Fuel Subsidies End

by Mark Steil (Minnesota Public Radio)  A couple of key federal subsidies for the renewable fuel industry are about to end, cutting billions of dollars tax credits for the ethanol

January 9, 2012 Read Full Article

After Three Decades, Tax Credit for Ethanol Expires

by Robert Pear (New York Times)  …“We are in a fairly prosperous period for agriculture,” said Dean C. Taylor, a former president of the Iowa Corn Growers Association. “Agriculture has not

January 9, 2012 Read Full Article

Forging Ahead: Enterprising Retail Operators Install E85 Pumps Despite Pricing Uncertainties

by Kris Bevill (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Retailers are concerned about increasing E85 prices as a result of the Volumetric Ethanol Excise Tax Credit’s expiration, says Todd Garner, CEO of Boca

December 29, 2011 Read Full Article

Looking at Life Without an Ethanol Subsidy

(Farm Futures)  Failure to renew the Volumetric Ethanol Excise Tax Credit will create a new world for the industry. …What many consumers don’t realize is that the tax credit didn’t

December 29, 2011 Read Full Article

Expiring Ethanol Credit to Add to Gas Price Jump

(WRAL)  Lack of action by state lawmakers and Congress is expected to raise gas prices in North Carolina by more than 8 cents a gallon, starting Sunday. Half of the

December 29, 2011 Read Full Article

U.S. Ethanol Tax Break Ends, Brazil Sees an Opening

by Charles Abbott and Reese Ewing  (Drovers Cattle Network)  A U.S. ethanol tax credit costing roughly $6 billion a year will expire on Dec. 31, with the U.S. industry declaring

December 23, 2011 Read Full Article

The 10 Top Unanswered Biofuels Questions for 2011

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  …Your calls and emails are always the highlight of our days. Most questions can be answered johnny-on-the-spot. Some are still out there and well worth

December 14, 2011 Read Full Article

Level the Playing Field for All Energy Sources

(25 x ’25)  Amid the political clamor surrounding congressional efforts to cut federal spending over the next decade and reduce the nation’s deficit, the ethanol industry has conceded that a

December 9, 2011 Read Full Article

Our View: On VEETC, We Won

by Garry Niemeyer   (National Corn Growers Association)  Back in August, the Green Scissors Project identified ways the federal government could shave $380 billion from the federal budget over five years.

December 7, 2011 Read Full Article

Refiners Warn Marketers of Imminent End of Ethanol Tax Break

(NACS Online)  Refiners are starting to warn marketers to prepare for the end of the 4.5 cts/gal ethanol tax credit, which is set to expire at month’s end, absent last-minute

December 5, 2011 Read Full Article

Ethanol Margins to Fall: Blender Credit Will Expire at Year’s End

by Dan Piller (Des Moines Register)  Ethanol producers will lose about 25 to 30 cents per gallon on operating profits when the tax credit for blenders goes away after Dec.

November 29, 2011 Read Full Article

Outlook 2012: VEETC is Old News–Matt Horton, CEO, Propel Fuels

by Holly Jessen (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  From the standpoint of Matt Horton, CEO of Propel Fuels, efforts in 2011 to extend the Volumetric Ethanol Excise Tax Credit imperiled the future

November 16, 2011 Read Full Article

Life After VEETC

by Ron V. Lamberty (American Coalition for Ethanol/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  …And, we need to make their customers comfortable buying new blends of fuel such as E15, E85 or other midlevel

September 29, 2011 Read Full Article

The Subsidy Debate: Oil vs. Ethanol

by Kate Bechen and Porter J. Martin (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  …But what often is missing in criticisms of ethanol is an acknowledgement that the oil industry significantly benefits from a

September 28, 2011 Read Full Article

RFA Urges Super Committee to Look at Oil Subsidies

by Cindy Zimmerman (DomesticFuel.com)  In a letter to the co-chairs of the Joint Select Committee on Deficit Reduction, the so-called “super committee” assigned to find ways to cut the deficit,

September 28, 2011 Read Full Article

Brazil-US Ethanol Tariff Discussions Pick Up as Expiration Nears

by Kris Bevill (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  As the U.S ethanol industry confronts the reality that the 45-cent-per-gallon Volumetric Ethanol Excise Tax Credit and 54-cent ethanol import tariff will end on

September 28, 2011 Read Full Article

The Future of Biorefining Policy

by Erin Voegele (Biorefining Magazine)  …While some in the industry doubt that a Congress so focused on debt reduction will extend VEETC and the biodiesel tax credit, Greg Jenner, a

September 27, 2011 Read Full Article

Fast Food Chains Place Order for No New Ethanol Subsidies

by Kris Bevill (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Anti-ethanol interests have launched their latest campaign focused on ensuring the demise of ethanol subsidies with a letter sent Sept. 15 to all members

September 19, 2011 Read Full Article

Fixing A Broken Biofuel Incentive Program

by Robert Rapier (Forbes)  …My Plan: Award Direct Per Gallon Subsidies for Oil Displacement Instead of offering grants and loan guarantees for cellulosic ethanol producers — and forcing blenders to

September 15, 2011 Read Full Article

Ethanol Tax Credits to Expire

by Sarah Gustin (KXMB TV Bismark)  …(Jeff Zueger / Blue Flint Ethanol) “We really need blender pump infastructure, we need flex fuel vehicle infastructure, so we can get to those

September 14, 2011 Read Full Article

Future Ethanol Policy Changes

by Kent Theisse (Corn and Soybean Digest Blogs and Opinions)  … Many people are very excited about producing ethanol from woodchips, switchgrass, algae and other substances; however, most of this type

September 7, 2011 Read Full Article

Seeking the Blending Sweet Spot

by Kris Bevill (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  For years, in coffee shops and grain elevators across the upper Midwest, independent thinkers have voiced their opinions on the benefits of midlevel ethanol

August 16, 2011 Read Full Article

Franken Visits Farmfest

by Janet Kubat Willette (AgriNews.com)  Expect direct payments to take a hit in the next farm bill, Sen. Al Franken told a Farmfest audience Aug. 3. The Minnesota Democrat said the

August 11, 2011 Read Full Article

US Debt Deal: Biofuels Industry Reaction

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Brian Jennings, Executive Vice President of the American Coalition for Ethanol “ACE and our members are disappointed that the ethanol compromise was not included in

August 2, 2011 Read Full Article

Energy Programs Prepare for Debt Deal Pain

by Darren Goode & Darren Samuelsohn   (Politico)  Popular energy and environmental programs should prepare for a decade of spending cuts under the debt deal reached late Sunday between the White

August 1, 2011 Read Full Article

Still Time to Get Biofuels Support Right

by Brent Erickson (Biofuels Digest) Reports of the Volumetric Ethanol Excise Tax Credit’s (VEETC) early demise have been a bit overblown. Though several groups and reporters believed the die was

August 1, 2011 Read Full Article

Woodside Says Ethanol Industry Willing to Give Back Tax Break for Debt Reduction

by Lori Potter  (Kearney Hub)  The ethanol industry is willing to immediately give up $1.3 billion in tax breaks for federal debt reduction. However, that probably can’t happen unless authorizing

July 25, 2011 Read Full Article

Ethanol Makers Losing $6 Billion Tax Break Keep $6.9 Billion

(San Francisco Chronicle/Bloomberg)  Ethanol manufacturers are set to thrive even if they have to give up $6 billion a year in U.S. tax subsidies because a government mandate for increased

July 20, 2011 Read Full Article

Klobuchar, Thune Announce Bipartisan Compromise on Renewable Energy

(Office of Senator Amy Klobuchar)  Agreement would put savings toward deficit reduction, infrastructure U.S. Senators Amy Klobuchar (D-MN), John Thune (R-SD), and Dianne Feinstein (D-CA) today announced that a bipartisan

July 8, 2011 Read Full Article

Study: Ethanol Subsidies Boost Output, Corn Cost

by Jacob Barker (The Columbia Daily Tribune)  Policies fueled the boom in industry. Federal subsidies for ethanol push up ethanol production and the price of corn, according to a report

June 29, 2011 Read Full Article

Reforming Ethanol in a Responsible Way

by Senator Mike Johanns (York News-Times)  …Ethanol helped keep $34 billion of our money at home last year instead of going to other countries for foreign oil. …Though these benefits

June 29, 2011 Read Full Article

Santorum Tells Iowa Farmers He Would End Ethanol Subsidies

by William Petroski (Des Moines Register)  …Santorum, who is seeking the Republican presidential nomination, said he advocates phasing-out the existing tax incentive for ethanol production, commonly known as the blenders’

June 29, 2011 Read Full Article

Ethanol Makers, Farmers Push for Modest Support if Subsidy Dies; Economists Say They’ll Be OK

(AP/Bloomberg/The Washington Post)  If a $5 billion-a-year federal subsidy that helped build the ethanol industry comes to an end, it will likely mean two things, experts who have followed its

June 29, 2011 Read Full Article

US Senate Defeats Coburn Amendment: Industry Reaction

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Washington, on a cloture vote in the Senate to proceed to an amendment that would end the current ethanol tax incentive immediately, Senator Coburn’s

June 15, 2011 Read Full Article

Senate Vote to Repeal Ethanol Tax Credit Fails, But Some in GOP Break Ranks

by Lori Montgomery (The Washington Post)  A majority of Senate Republicans appeared to break Tuesday with two decades of GOP orthodoxy against higher taxes, voting to advance a plan to

June 15, 2011 Read Full Article

Fuel Retailer Opposes Thune/Klobuchar Bill

by Joanna Schroeder (DomesticFuel.com)  Earlier today, Sens. John Thune (R-SD) and Amy Klobuchar (D-MN) created waves when they announced their new biofuels bill the Ethanol Reform and Deficit Reduction Act. This

June 14, 2011 Read Full Article

Thune/Klobuchar Bill Endorsed by Ethanol Industry

by Joanna Schroeder (DomesticFuel.com)  Senators John Thune (R-SD) and Amy Klobuchar (D-MN) along with a bipartisan group of nine other Senate colleagues have introduced the Ethanol Reform and Deficit Reduction

June 14, 2011 Read Full Article

Tom Coburn Forces Tuesday Ethanol Vote

by Darren Goode (Politico) Sen. Tom Coburn has pulled the trigger and is forcing a long-sought vote on an amendment repealing billions in annual tax incentives for ethanol. The Senate

June 10, 2011 Read Full Article

The Politics of Tax-and-Blend

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  …Instead of simply not collecting a portion of the fuel tax, the consumer is charged the whole amount, which is collected by the gas station

June 2, 2011 Read Full Article

Should Government Keep Financially Supporting Ethanol? (The Debate 5/23-5/27)

(Minnesota Public Radio News)  The Assertion: The state and federal government should continue subsidizing ethanol Ethanol’s promise as America’s path to energy self-sufficiency once seemed strong. But in recent years,

May 23, 2011 Read Full Article

Harkin Frustrated by Ethanol Infighting

by Daniel Looker (Agriculture.com)  …But when Senator Tom Harkin was asked about his sense of support for the Grassley-Conrad Bill on Thursday, he said that it has some risks. Harkin

May 6, 2011 Read Full Article

Five Big Problems with Big Oil’s New Analysis of RFS Implementation Issues

by Geoff Cooper (Renewable Fuels Association)  The Energy Policy Research Foundation (EPRINC) recently released a white paper inexplicably suggesting that the cost of the Federal ethanol program exceeds its benefits by

May 6, 2011 Read Full Article

Ethanol Groups Welcome Bill Transforming Current Ethanol Tax Policy

(Renewable Fuel Association)  The American Coalition for Ethanol (ACE), Growth Energy, the National Corn Growers Association (NCGA), and the Renewable Fuels Association (RFA) today praised the legislation offered by a

May 5, 2011 Read Full Article

Grassley-Conrad Bill Boosts Domestic Energy Production

(Senator Chuck Grassley)  Senators Chuck Grassley of Iowa and Kent Conrad of North Dakota today introduced bipartisan legislation to update ethanol tax policies in an effort to boost domestic energy production

May 4, 2011 Read Full Article

Senators Introduce Bill to End Ethanol Subsidies, Import Tariff

by Jim Snyder (Bloomberg)  …Senators Dianne Feinstein, a California Democrat, and Tom Coburn, an Oklahoma Republican, said the 45-cent credit, which is given to oil refiners for each gallon of ethanol they

May 4, 2011 Read Full Article

Next-Generation Biofuels Panel Discussion

(Milken Institute Global Conference)  With oil prices spiking and concern over climate change growing, biofuels hold tremendous appeal. But they must overcome considerable hurdles. Further process and technology refinements are

May 4, 2011 Read Full Article

Franken Tours Poet Ethanol Plant

(AlbertLeaTribune.com)  Get ethanol at the pumps. That’s what the farmer owners of the Poet Glenville ethanol plant told Sen. Al Franken they would like to see. The comments came during

April 28, 2011 Read Full Article

Ethanol: Pros, Cons Fuel Debate over Its Worth

by Tyler Ellyson  (Columbus Telegram)   Robeson, general manager of Frontier Co-op in Brainard, considers the corn-based fuel to be the crutch that the Midwest and Nebraska economies leaned on during

April 4, 2011 Read Full Article

Ethanol Industry Hoping for Surge

by Kate Galbraith  (New York Times)    Cellulosic ethanol could be poised for a surge — finally. Around the country

March 31, 2011 Read Full Article

Taking the American Biofuel Industry to the Next Level; From Talk to Action

(Novozymes)  The United States has a lot riding on the success of its biofuel industry – energy independence, job creation,

March 24, 2011 Read Full Article

Proposal: VEETC Phased Out, Replaced with Variable Tax Credit

(OPIS)  …According to sources familiar with the proposal, the Renewable Fuels Association, Growth Energy, the American Coalition for Ethanol and

March 22, 2011 Read Full Article

EU Bioethanol Group Weighs U.S. Subsidy Lawsuit

By Juliane von Reppert-Bismarck (Reuters/Forexyard)  European bioethanol producers will decide by the end of March whether to file a legal

March 17, 2011 Read Full Article

U.S. Sen. Grassley: Ethanol and Energy

(IowaPolitics.com)  Floor Speech of Sen. Chuck Grassley Ethanol and Energy Independence Delivered Monday, March 07, 2011 …We must look to

March 16, 2011 Read Full Article

Letter to Editor: Ethanol Helps Stabilize Energy Prices

by Matt Hartwig (Renewable Fuels Association/Baltimore Sun)  The Sun may have cut back its foreign bureaus, but your editorial writers

March 16, 2011 Read Full Article

Corn Growers To Explore Payment Shift

(Wallaces Farmer)  …NCGA (National Corn Growers Association) delegates attending the meeting in Tampa, Fla., adopted ethanol policy that states “NCGA

March 16, 2011 Read Full Article

National Security Interests Require Tax Incentives for Biofuels and Advanced Biofuels

by Robert E. Kozak (Advanced Biofuels USA)  With the oil industry, a 150-year old mature enterprise, still receiving at least

March 14, 2011 Read Full Article

Growth Energy, Pacific Ethanol Speak Out on Ethanol Tax Credit

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  …Tom Buis, CEO, Growth Energy: “Anyone who blames ethanol for pain at the pump simply

March 11, 2011 Read Full Article

Grassley Says Corn-Based Fuel Part of Overall Energy Picture

by Matt Kelley  (Radio Iowa)  At a political event in central Iowa last night, former Louisiana Governor Buddy Roemer  promised

March 9, 2011 Read Full Article

Coalition of 90 Groups Blast Ethanol Tax Credits

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Washington, a coalition of 90 organizations urged Congress to let the refundable Volumetric Ethanol

March 2, 2011 Read Full Article

Ethanol Industry Faces High Corn Prices

by Todd Neeley (The Progressive Farmer)   …(P)ressure from rising corn prices at the start of 2011 is expected to

January 12, 2011 Read Full Article

Grassley Speaks Out on Renewable Fuels Tax

(Farm Futures)  Iowa Senator says what’s fair for oil should be fair for ethanol. …During a speech on the Senate

December 3, 2010 Read Full Article

Five Reasons the Tea Party Is Not Lobbying for End of Ethanol Subsidies

(Newsweek)  Republican Sens. Jim DeMint of South Carolina and Tom Coburn of Oklahoma were Tea Partiers before the term existed.

December 3, 2010 Read Full Article

Energy Bills May Wait as US Congress Focuses on Taxes for Rest of 2010

by Brian Hansen  (Platts)  Republican leaders in the US Congress said Tuesday after a private meeting with President Barack Obama

December 1, 2010 Read Full Article

Getting the Facts Straight on Ethanol, Letters to the Editor

by Bob Dinneen (Renewable Fuels Association)  Letter to the Editor, Chicago Tribune, Re: Dennis Byrne’s column “Time to stand up to

December 1, 2010 Read Full Article

Washington Could Determine Ethanol’s Indiana Future

(Chicago Tribune/AP)  A decision by Congress on whether to extend or gradually phase out a tax credit to oil companies

November 29, 2010 Read Full Article

The Thin Line Between Academics and Advocacy

by Matt Hartwig (Renewable Fuels Association)  Earlier this week, Iowa State University Professor Bruce Babcock released a policy brief entitled

November 22, 2010 Read Full Article

Ethanol and Gasoline Prices

by Geoff Cooper (Renewable Fuels Association)  Ethanol prices have strengthened over the past several months in response to higher corn prices

October 27, 2010 Read Full Article

Oil Receives More Taxpayer Dollars: DTN Finds Oil Industry Subsidized Much Higher Than Ethanol

by Todd Neeley (Progressive Farmer)  In the eternal mudslinging between supporters and opponents of biofuels, “subsidies” are one of the

October 13, 2010 Read Full Article

Report from Cato Institute Briefing: Rethinking Biofuel Policy

By Cindy O’Connor (Advanced Biofuels USA)The   Washington DC, September 30  briefing topic was why the Volumetric Ethanol Excise Tax Credit

October 8, 2010 Read Full Article

New NRDC Fact Sheet Shows How Moving beyond Corn Ethanol Means More Investment and More Jobs in More States

by Sasha Lyutse  (Natural Resources Defense Council)   … As a result, the VEETC has not only concentrated the ethanol industry

August 26, 2010 Read Full Article

A Better Ethanol Policy

by Robert Rapier (Consumer Energy Report/R Squared Energy Blog)  …Reader Paul Nash came up with a specific plan… Specific Recommendations

August 17, 2010 Read Full Article

New York Times Misses the Mark on America’s Fuel

(Growth Energy)  The New York Times’ July 29th Editorial “Energy Subsidies – Good and Bad,” mischaracterizes Growth Energy’s proposal to open

July 30, 2010 Read Full Article

It’s a Critical Time for Ethanol

by Joe Ruff (Omaha World Herald)  It’s time for the federal government to move beyond offering tax credits to companies that

July 30, 2010 Read Full Article

The Economics of U.S. Ethanol Policy: A Rebuttal

by John M. Urbanchuk   (ENTRIX/The Hill)  In his July 27 blog posting “The economics of U.S. ethanol policy” Professor Bruce Babcock

July 28, 2010 Read Full Article

Letter to the Editor: Washington Post

(Renewable Fuels Association)   In its editorial (“It’s time to end the excessive subsidies for corn ethanol,” 7/24/2010), the Post failed

July 27, 2010 Read Full Article

Reducing Ethanol Protections Won’t Hurt Industry, Report Finds

by Jay Heflin (The Hill)   A new study by the Center for Agricultural and Rural Development shows a reduction in

July 24, 2010 Read Full Article

2010 Green Scissors Campaign Seeks to Cut Federal Budget for Biofuels, Agriculture, and Other Areas

(Grainnet)  The Green Scissors campaign, a diverse coalition of taxpayer, environmental and consumer groups, released July 22 Green Scissors 2010, a

July 23, 2010 Read Full Article

The Ethanol Mud-Rasslers Reach for the Manure

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  …Two new data points have been introduced. A Congressional Budget Office report on the  ethanol

July 21, 2010 Read Full Article

Costs and Benefits to Taxpayers, Consumers, and Producers from U.S. Ethanol Policies

by Bruce A. Babcock, Kanlaya J. Barr, Miguel Carriquiry (Center for Agriculture and Rural Development, Iowa State University)  The U.S.

July 21, 2010 Read Full Article

The Mad Scramble over the Ethanol Tax Credit

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Growth Energy, the Renewable Fuels Association, the Environmental Working Group, the Grocery Manufacturers Association, the

July 20, 2010 Read Full Article

Fueling Freedom Plan Will Redirect Government Support to Create Open Fuels Market

(Growth Energy)  Growth Energy, a coalition of U.S. ethanol supporters, today called for the redirection and eventual phasing out of government

July 19, 2010 Read Full Article

Implications Of The U.S. Ethanol Tariff

by Robert Rapier (Forbes)  …In order to better understand the intricacies of the issues involved, I have been engaged in

April 19, 2010 Read Full Article

Government Earns 400% ROI on Ethanol Blender’s Credit

by Mark (Corn Commentary)  …The next issue can already be seen on the horizon and it can be seen clearly

February 25, 2010 Read Full Article

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black locust blender blender pumps Blenders Credit blending blendstock Blend wall blockchain/blockcoin blue carbon boat fuel Bolivia bolt-on Bonaire bonds border tax Borneo Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana Brachiaria bracken brackish water Brassica Brazil breweries British Columbia brownfields brown grease Brunei Btu's BTX (Benzene Toluene Xylene) Bu12.5 Bu16 Budget building block chemicals Bulgaria bunker oil Bureau of Land Management (BLM) Burkina Faso Burma Burundi buses business law business resources butadiene Butane butanediol butanol/biobutanol butanol emissions butyl acetate C3 sugar C5 sugar C6 sugar Cabo Verde cactus calibration California California Air Resources Board (CARB) Cambodia Camelina camels Cameroon Canada canarygrass Canary Islands canary reed grass candle nut cannabis canola/rapeseed canola straw cap cap-and-trade carbohydrates carbon carbon-efficient fuels carbon-neutral carbon capture and storage (CCS) carbon capture and utilization (CCU) carbon cost carbon credit carbon credit markets carbon cycle carbon debt Carbon Dioxide (CO2) carbon efficiency carbon emissions carbon f carbon fiber Carbon Intensity (CI) carbon life cycle carbon markets Carbon Monoxide (CO) carbon neutrality carbon offsets carbon price carbon recycling carbon sequestration carbon sink carbon tax carbon tax-and-dividend carbon user fee Carbon Utilization and Biogas Education Program carcinogens cardoon Caribbean carinata/brassica carinata carob cashew cashew apple CASI CAS Registry Cassava cassava price cassava pulp cassava stalk castor bean castor stalk catalysis catalysts catalytic decarboxylation catalytic hydrothermal conversion-to-jet (CHCJ) catalytic hydrothermal gasification catalytic hydrothermolysis CH pathway cattle cavitation cell culturing cellulase enzymes cellulose cellulosic biofuel Cellulosic biomass cellulosic diesel Cellulosic ethanol cellulosic ethanol price cellulosic feedstock cellulosic production tax credit cellulosic sugars Cellulosic Tax Credit cellulosic waiver credit cement Central African Republic Central America Certificate Program certification certification fuels cetane Chad change in soil condition charging stations Chesapeake Bay chicken feathers chickens Chile China chitin CIA circular economy citrus citrus greening disease Citrus Peel Clean Air Act (CAA) clean diesel Clean Power Plan (CPP) climate change Climate Change Adaptation climate change effects climate change mitigation climate legislation climate smart agriculture closed-loop system Clostridium thermocellum cloud point clover CNG Conversion kit co co-generation co-location co-operative Co-op Extension co-processing co-products CO2 Sequestration coal Coal and Biomass to Liquid (CBTL) coastal habitat conservation coastal hay Coast Guard cobalt cock's foot cocoa Coconut coffee coffee cherries coffee grounds coffee pulp cold-tolerance cold flow college/university Colombia Colorado Columbia combined heat and power (CHP) Comment Request commercial flights commercialization commissioning Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) commodity trading common reed Community activity community college Community involvement community scale Community Wood Energy Program competition compliance compost Compressed Natural Gas (CNG / R-CNG) compression-ignition engine compression ratios computer simulation concrete condensate Congo Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Connecticut Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) construction and demolition waste/debris consumer education contamination contest contrails conversion technology cooking fuel cook stoves cooperatives COP21 COP22 COP23 COP24 copper coppice cordgrass corn-based products corn/maize corn bran Corn cobs corn ethanol corn fiber corn growers corn harvest corn kernel corn meal corn oil corn oil/distillers corn oil (DCO) corn prices corn stalks corn stover corn supply corn surplus Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards corporate social responsibility corrosion corruption CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) cosmetics Costa Rica cotton cotton seed hulls cottonseed oil cotton seed oil cotton stalk cottonwood Council on Environmental Quality cover crops cow rumen cracking Crambe crimes Croatia crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude oil Cuba cup plant currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cutworm caterpillars cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) cylindro Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs dairy waste dandelion DARPA date palm date palm pits Dates DC DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act deficit definitions deforestation defossilization Delaware DeltaWing demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify density Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Homeland Security Department of Justice Department of Labor Department of the Interior Department of Transportation (DOT) depolymerization depots dextrose diatoms diesel diesel-range hydrocarbons diesel-to-biodiesel conversion diesel fuel blendstock diesel prices diethyl ether digest Digital Biology dilute acid hydrolysis pretreatment DIN 51605 DIN EN 15376 (Ethanol blending component) direct-to-fuel directed evolution direct injection Direct Sugar to Hydrocarbon Conversion (DSHC) dispense distillation distilled biodiesel distributed/centralized distribution distribution capacity distribution waiver divers diversification divestment DME (dimethyl ether) Dominica Dominican Republic double cropping Drones/Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) drop-in biofuels/hydrocarbons drought drought-resistant drought tolerant dual cropping Dubai duckweed e E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E2 E3 E5 E5 price E6 E7 E8 E10 E10 price E12 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E40 E50 E55 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 E100 E100 conversion kit earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecuador ED95 education educational tour EERE efficiency Egypt Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric grid electricity electricity/power generation electricity price electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants El Salvador embargo emissions emissions standards EN 228 EN 590 EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 end user Energy Bill energy cane energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy reserves Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine/Fuel Co-optimization Engine Development engineering engine problems England entrepreneur environment Environmentalists environmental justice environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) enzymatic conversion enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling enzymes Enzyme solicitation EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea EROEI erosion control EROWI esterification Estonia ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) ethane ethanol ethanol/bioethano ethanol/bioethanol ethanol benefits ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol blend wall ethanol emissions ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol tolerance Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) Export externalities extremophiles F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farmers farming farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices Feedstocks feedstock storage feedstock transportation fermentation ferry fertilizer F Factor fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch/FT Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) Flightpath flight tests flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources forestry Forest Service fossil carbon fossil fuel fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) free fatty acids (FFA) fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel additives fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon Gambia gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline-range hydrocarbons gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gas prices gas tax/highway user fee General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal Germany Gerogia Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) giant cane Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government subsidies grains grain sorghum/milo grain speculators GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green/black economy green chemistry green economy green house facility green job Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing GREET model Grenada gribble groundnut ground nut growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala guayule Guinea Gulf states Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP Haiti Halophytes harvesting harvest site processing Hawaii hazardous waste HDCJ health health benefits health effects heat-tolerance heating oil/fuel heat of combustion heat of vaporization hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb HFS-SIP hibiscus High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Honge tree nuts Hong Kong hops horse bedding Horse manure horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HRJ human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 Hybrid aircraft hybrids hydrocarbon fuels hydrofaction hydrogen hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen pumps hydropower hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal liquefaction hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois illuppai ILUC (Indirect Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indiana Indian beech tree Indian grass indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial ethanol industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insurance integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map internal combustion engine International international balance of payments International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isooctane isooctene Israel Italy Ivory Coast JA1 JAA jackfruit Jamaica Japan Jatropha Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 Jetfuel (Sustainable Alternative Jetfuel (SAJF)/Renewable Jetfuel (RJF) Jimmy Carter Jobs jojoba Jordan JP-4 JP-5 JP-8 JP-10 juniper jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kamani Kansas Kans grass Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati Knowledge Discovery Framework Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kulpa Kuwait Kygryzstan labels Labrador lactose Lake County lamp oil landfill methane Landfills land ownership land prices land rights landscape land subsidence land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead Leadtree Lebanon legislation Legislation-Federal Legislation-State lemna lend-lease Lesotho lesquerella leucaena Liberia Libya licensing lichens life cycle analysis (LCA) lignin Lignocellulosic Biofuel lignocellulosic sugars Lipid liquefaction liquidation liquid petroleum gas (LPG) liquid transportation fuels Liquified Biogas (LBG) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logistics long-term contracts Louisiana low carbon emissions Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel lubricants lumber mill Luxembourg Luxemburg lysis M15 M50 macadamia macauba Macedonia Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine maize Malawi Malaysia Mali mallees Malta mamona management changes mandates manganese mango mangrove Manitoba mannose manure maple maps marginal land Marine/Maritime Biofuel marine algae Marine Corps Marine Gas Oil (MGO) market forces marketing markets/sales market share Marshall Islands Maryland Masdar Institute Massachusetts Master Limited Partnership (MLP) Mauritius Mazda meat mechanics training medical waste MEEC membranes mergers and acquisitions mesquite methanation methane/biomethane methane leaks methanol/biomethanol Mexico Michelin GreenX Challenge Michigan micro-crop microalgae microbe microbiology microorganizms microwave Mid-Atlantic Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military reserves military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels millennium fruit millet millettia pinnata milo stover minerals mining Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold molybdenum Monaco mongongo Montana Montenegro moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES2014 Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) muck multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed Myanmar n-butanol nahar Namibia nanocatalysts nanocellulose nanomaterials nano particles naphtha/bionaphtha NASCAR National Academies of Science National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) National Guard National Highway Traffic Safety Administration National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Lab National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Oilheat Research Alliance National Park Service National Research Council National Science Foundation (NSF) national security National Transportation Safety Board Native American tribes natural gas Natural Gas Act natural gas input natural gasoline natural gas prices natural gas vehicles Navy Nebraska neem neodymium Nepal net energy balance Netherlands Nevada New Brunswick Newfoundland new fuel approval New Guinea New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New South Wales New York New Zealand next generation biofuels next generation vehicles NHRA drag racing Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrogen starvation nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota northern catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory North Korea Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds NREL NTSB nucle nuclear nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition nut shells oak oat hulls oats oat straw Obama Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol off-take agreements Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Ohio oil oil embargo oil exploration oil monopoly oil price parity oil prices oil production oil refineries oil replacement Oils oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil speculators oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes Oklahoma olive cake olive pits olives olive water Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) open fuel standard open pond optimized flex fuel vehicles orange peel orchard grass orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells OSHA Overseas Private Investment Corporation overview overview/survey course oxygen oxygenate ozone p Pakistan Palau palm palm biomass palm fatty acid distillate palm fiber palm fronds palm kernel palm kernel oil palm kernel shell palm oil palm oil mill effluent (POME) palm oil prices palm waste Paludiculture/peatland cultivation Panama panda pandas panic grass papaya paper Papua Papua New Guinea paraffins Paraguay parity partial waiver particulates pasture land Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) patents pathways Paulownia paulownia tree payments peaches peak oil peanut peanuts/groundnuts peas pectin pellets Pennsylvania pennycress/stinkweed pentane pentanol pentose perennial grains perennial grasses performan Performance permitting Peru pest-tolerance pesticide-tolerance pests petition pharmaceuticals phase separation Philippines phosphorus photobioreactor photosynthesis phragmites pigeon pea pilot scale pine pineapple pine nut pinion pipelines Pistacia chinensis PLA plant cell research plant cell walls plant oil plastic plastic-to-jet Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) plume grass Poland Policy politics pollinators pollution pollution control polyfuel polymer polymerization polysaccharides pomace pomegranates pongamia pongamia pinnata poplar poppy population control Portable refinery Portugal poster sessions potamogeton potassium potato poultry litter power-to-gas prairie grasses pre-processing precision farming/agriculture precursors/biointermediates premium gasoline Pretreatment pretreatment equipment price price of water prickly pear Prince Edward Island private educational business process flow diagram producer tax credit Production tax credit productivity project insurance propagating propane propanol property insurance protectionism protein protests public comments public health policy Puerto Rico pulp Pulp/Paper Mill pump retrofit kit pumps pungam Punnai tree PVO pyrolysis Q-RIN QAP Qatar quality assurance Quality Assurance Plans (QAPs) quality improvement quantum dots Quebec Queensland quote of the week R33 rabbits race radiata pine Rahal Letterman Lanigan Racing railroad rainforest RAND rare earth metal RD20 RD30 RD99 RD100 rea reclaimed mine lands recycled oil recycled plastics recycling red red algae redcedar Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation refineries reforestation regenerative braking regulations Regulations-Federal Regulations-State Reid vapor pressure (RVP) remediation remediation rice straw Renewable Chemical renewable chemical producer tax incentive Renewable Diesel/Green Diesel/Paraffinic Diesel Renewable Diesel/Green Diesel price renewable diesel pumps renewable diesel tax credit renewable diesel terminal Renewable Energy Renewable Energy Directive (RED and RED II) Renewable Energy for America Program Renewable Energy Standard Renewable Energy to Fuels through Utilization of Energy-Dense Liquids (REFUEL) renewable fuel renewable fuel oil (RFO) Renewable Fuels Directive (EU) Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS2) revisions/repeal Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS and RFS2) renewable gasoline blendstock renewable hydrogen renewable marine diesel Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) pumps Renewable Portfolio Standards Renewable Power Standard renewable propane Renewable Synthesized Iso-Paraffinic Fuels (SIP) renewable volume renewable volume obligation (RVO) replacement molecules Repowering Assistance Program repurpose research and development research facility resiliency resource depletion retail return on investment R Factor RFI RFS "reset" RHD100 Rhizosphere Observations Optimizing Terrestrial Sequestration (ROOTS) Rhode Island Ricardo rice rice bran oil rice hulls rice husks rice straw RICO (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act) RIMPAC RINs (Renewable Identification Numbers) RINs markets RINs price risk management RJ-4 RJ-6 RME (rape methyl ester) RME180 RNA roadmap rocket fuel Romania RON (Research Octane Number) rotation crops royalties RSF2 RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber rumen ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Russia Russian olive rutabaga Rwanda rye Rye grass s saccharification Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower sago sago pond weed SAIC SAK sales Salicornia salt-tolerant saltbush saltcedar sal tree salt water Sanctions Santa Monica sardine oil Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Policy Scotland scum sea level rise seashore mallow seawater Seaweed/Macroalgae seaweed cultivation Section 526 Securiti Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Senegal Serbia sesame sewage Seychelles shale gas shale oil sheep shipping shipping containers shipworm Sierra Leone silica Silphie/cup plant/Indian cup silver silver maple simarouba Singapore sisal SK slash Slovakia Slovakia/Slovak Republic Slovenia sludge Small Business Administration small engines small refinery exemption (SRE) smokestack soap social cost social value social venture Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) soil soil amendments soil carbon soil health soil microbial biomass solar-to-fuels solar biofuels solar energy solar energy-to-chemical conversion solid oxide fuel cell Solutions solvent liquefaction Somalia soot sorghum sorghum oil sorghum stover South Africa South America South Australia South Carolina South Dakota Southeast Asia Southern Africa South Korea South Pacific South Sudan Soviet Union SOx (Sulfur oxides) soy soybean prices soybeans soy meal Spain spartina specifications sprawl spruce Sri Lanka Stakeholders standards start-up State State Department Statistics steam explosion steam reformation steel stevia stillage storage tanks Straight (pure) Vegetable Oil (SVO) stranded assets Strategic Bioenergy Reserve straw students sub-Saharan Africa succinic acid sucrose Sudan sugar sugar-to-biodiesel sugar-to-farnesane sugar-to-jetfuel Sugar Beets/Energy Beets sugar cane sugar cane prices sugar cane straw Sugar kelp sugar palm sugar platform sugar prices sugars sugars-to-fats sugar standards sulfur Sumatra sunflower supercritical fluid supercritical hydrolysis supply agreements supply chain Supreme Court surahart Suriname Sustainability Swaziland Sweden sweetgum sweet potatoes Sweet sorghum Switchgrass Switzerland sycamore syngas syngas fermentation synthetic biology synthetic diesel synthetic gasoline synthetic methane Syria Tailoring Tailoring Rule Taiwan Tajikistan tall fescue tall oil tallow tallow tree Tamarix tank cars tankers tanker trucks Tanzania tariffs taro tar sands Tasmania tax benefit tax credit taxes tax incentives tax parity tax policy tea teach-the-teacher teacher teacher resources teacher training technical course technology transfer tech transfer telephone utility poles Tennesee Tennessee termites terpenes terrestrial carbon testing Texas textbook Thailand theft therapeutics thermal deoxygenation thermocatalytic conversion thermochemical conversion Tier 3 Tier 4 tilapia tillage tires tobacco tobacco tree Togo Tokyo toluene Tonga tool Toronto torrefaction Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) trade trade dispute/discrimination trade group trade organization Trade Policy trade secrets training trains trans transesterification transgenics transition Transportation Fuels Policy Transportation Fuels Policy--Municipal Transportation Fuels Policy--State Transportation Policy Treasury Department trees Trinidad and Tobago triticale trucks tubers tunicate Tunisia Tunsia Turkey Uganda UK (United Kingdom) Ukraine UL ultra low sulfur diesel UN underground storage tanks (UST) UNESCO United Arab Emirates (UAE) United Nations' International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) United Nations (UN) United States Auto Club Unleaded 88/E15 urbanization urban sprawl Uruguay USAC US Agency for International Development (USAID) USAID US Army USD USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS) used cooking oil (UCO) used railroad ties US ethanol exports US Geological Survey US Product Safety Commission Utah utility model Uzbekistan value chain vanadium Vancouver Vanuatu Vatican VEETC vegetable oils Velocys Venezuela Vermont video Vietnam vinasse vinegar vineyard waste Virginia Virgin Islands. virgin oils viruses VLSFO (very low sulfur fuel oil) volunteers w waiver Wales warranty Washington Washington DC waste waste-to-chemicals Waste-to-Energy waste-to-fuel waste alcohol Waste CO2 waste heat waste management waste oil waste paper waste vegetable oil waste water water water consumption water footprint water hyacinth watermeal watermelon water pollution water quality water treatment weather well-to-wheel West Africa Western Australia West Java West Virginia wet distillers grain wet extraction What You Can Do wheat wheat bran wheat fiber wheatgrass wheat prices wheat straw whey whisky white White House wildlife habitat willow wind energy wine wastage/grape marc winter crops Wisconsin Wood woody biomass World Bank World Trade Organization (WTO) Wyoming XTL xylan xylene xylose yard waste yeast yellow grease yellowhorn tree Yemen yields Zambia Zanzibar zein zeolites Zimbabwe zinc

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