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Gasum, UECC Make History with LNG, LBG Ship-to-Ship Bunkering

(Bioenergy Insight)  Gasum performed its first ship-to-ship liquefied natural gas (LNG)-liquefied biogas (LBG) bunkering to a cargo vessel. The bunkering was conducted by Gasum’s LNG bunker vessel Coralius at anchorage

December 22, 2020 Read Full Article

Van Oord Orders Green Cable-Laying Vessel

(Van Oord)   Van Oord has ordered a next-generation custom-built green cable-laying vessel. The vessel will be delivered from VARD in Norway and equipped with the latest sustainable technologies. The vessel

December 18, 2020 Read Full Article

MOL and euglena Co. Conduct Sea Trial of MOL Group Tugboat Using euglena Biodiesel Fuel for the First time in Port of Nagoya

(Mitsui O.S.K. Lines, Ltd.) Mitsui O.S.K. Lines, Ltd. (MOL; President & CEO: Junichiro Ikeda) and euglena Co., Ltd. (Euglena; President: Mitsuru Izumo; Headquarters: Minato-ku, Tokyo) today announced a successful sea

December 15, 2020 Read Full Article

Volkswagen Group Selects Marine Biofuel Leader GoodFuels to Run Fossil-Free Car Transport Operations

(GoodFuels)  Sustainable 100% biofuel reduces carbon emissions by a minimum of 85% well-to-wake for Volkswagen Group’s shipments  — GoodFuels, the leading marine biofuels supplier for the global maritime industry, and car

November 27, 2020 Read Full Article

EPA to Award up to $5.5 Million for Clean Diesel Projects in Mid-Atlantic Region

(Environmental Protection Agency) The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) today has awarded up to $5.5 million in clean diesel funding to the Mid-Atlantic Region organizations to support their clean diesel programs

October 22, 2020 Read Full Article

Velocys and High Flyers Join Virtual Net Zero Festival

(Biofuels International)  Velocys appeared at the world’s first Net Zero Festival and took part in a panel discussion. The virtual discussion centred on the topic of Prepping Net Zero Flight for

October 16, 2020 Read Full Article

Sustainable Aviation Fuels Could Soon Take Flight

by Kathiann M. Kowalski (Energy News Network) The Midwest is ready for takeoff as a leader in cleaner aviation, thanks to researchers in Ohio and elsewhere and a cleantech startup in

September 7, 2020 Read Full Article

Ammonfuel Highlights and Download of the Report

(Haldor Topsoe) In August 2020, Alfa Laval, Hafnia, Haldor Topsoe, Vestas, and Siemens Gamesa issued the report “Ammonfuel – an industrial view of ammonia as a marine fuel” based on own

August 17, 2020 Read Full Article

Brazil Avoids 515m Tonnes of CO2 Emissions with Ethanol

(Renewables Now) Brazil has avoided more than 515 million tonnes of carbon dioxide (CO2) equivalent emissions between March 2003 and May 2020 thanks to the use of ethanol, local sugarcane industry

June 11, 2020 Read Full Article

Advanced Biofuels USA Publishes Updated “What’s the Difference between Biodiesel and Renewable (Green) Diesel?” Adds “What Renewable Fuels Can Be Used in Compression Ignition Engines?”

(Advanced Biofuels USA) Since 2011, one of Advanced Biofuels USA’s most popular publications has been “What’s the Difference between Biodiesel and Renewable (Green) Diesel?”  The update of this paper has

June 8, 2020 Read Full Article

Renewable Jet Fuel Takes Off: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to Neste’s Renewable Aviation Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Neste’s MY Renewable Jet Fuel reduces GHG emissions up to 80% compared to fossil fuels.Produced from renewable waste and residue raw materials, it is offering

June 8, 2020 Read Full Article

Strategic Selection of RNG Refinement Systems

by Anu D. Vij and Mike Pawlowski (Ship & Shore Environmental/Biofuels Digest) There is increasing emphasis on Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) applications in today’s Green Economy. Technology is moving at a

June 4, 2020 Read Full Article

Ethanol Blog: Ethanol Industry Groups Disappointed in EPA Emissions Study

by Todd Neeley (DTN Progressive Farmer) EPA’s release of a so-called “anti-backsliding” study on Friday that calls for no further action to mitigate potential adverse air quality effects from renewable fuels,

June 1, 2020 Read Full Article

3 Things that Need to Happen for Sustainable Aviation Fuel to Take Off

by Lloyd Ritter (Green Capitol LLC/Biofuels Digest) A timely new report came out recently on sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), “Ready for Takeoff: Aviation Biofuels Past, Present, and Future,” written by the

May 26, 2020 Read Full Article

Stena Bulk Performs a Test Running an MR Tanker on 100% Biofuel

(Stena Bulk) During the coming weeks Stena Bulk will perform a test running an MR tanker on 100% biofuel. The fuel is the MR1-100 bio-fuel oil, produced from used cooking oil

March 30, 2020 Read Full Article

UECC to Trial Marine Biofuels

(Marine Link) Short sea ro-ro operator UECC and marine biofuel company GoodFuels have launched a joint trial of GoodFuels Bio-Fuel Oil (MR1-100 or BFO) on UECC’s ro-ro vessel M/V Autosky, the

March 6, 2020 Read Full Article

Sandals Runs Successful Biodiesel Pilot Project in Saint Lucia

(Saint Lucia News Online) Following the success of its first Biodiesel Conversion Centre in Saint Lucia, Sandals Resorts International is exploring ways to expand the project throughout its resorts across the

February 17, 2020 Read Full Article

Packing Peanuts from Sunflower Stem Pith, Biobased Packaging Tape, Wheat-Based ‘Turtle Straws’, Bioluminescent Glow Sticks, and More: The Digest’s Top 10 Innovations for the Week of January 9th

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) As you clean up the post-holiday mess, you might find those annoying packaging peanuts all over your home or office…but three teens have developed an alternative

January 9, 2020 Read Full Article

LuminUltra Warns of Increased Microbial Influenced Corrosion with IMO 2020 Compliant Fuels

(Port News)  LuminUltra, the microbial monitoring specialist, has highlighted important concerns over the quality of some compliant fuels as the shipping industry gears up towards meeting the International Maritime Organization’s

November 12, 2019 Read Full Article

Ministry of Climate Change and Environment Launches Green Barjeel Project to Cultivate Indigenous Algae

(United Arab Emirates Ministry of Climate Change and Environment) The Ministry of Climate Change and Environment (MOCCAE) today announced the launch of the Green Barjeel research project that aims to leverage

October 2, 2019 Read Full Article

Meelunie Joins Forces with GoodShipping Program to Decarbonise Its Ocean Freight

(GoodShipping) Meelunie, a leading global supplier of plant-based ingredients, and the GoodShipping Program have joined forces to decarbonise Meelunie’s Asian ocean freight, the companies have announced today. Meelunie, which exports to over

September 25, 2019 Read Full Article

British Airways and Shell to Build Europe’s First Facility to Convert Rubbish into Jet Fuel

by Oliver Gill (The Telegraph) British Airways and Royal Dutch Shell have submitted plans to build Europe’s first plant that converts household waste into jet fuel. The duo will work with

August 20, 2019 Read Full Article

Jumbo and GoodFuels Partner to Take Sustainable Bio-Fuel Oil to the Offshore Support Market

(Goodfuels)  Dutch company partnership paves the way for a low carbon energy transition in the offshore support sector. — Leading global heavy lift shipping and offshore transportation and installation contractor Jumbo, and

August 20, 2019 Read Full Article

What Happened to Anaerobic Digestion in Rhode Island?

by Michael Eggleston* (Advanced Biofuels USA) Today it seems that the use of anaerobic digestion in the Ocean State is not as widespread as it once was. According to a

July 9, 2019 Read Full Article

LPG Industry Aims for 100% Transition to BioLPG by 2040

(Liquid Gas UK)  Full switch to bioLPG could deliver up to 90% reduction in carbon emissions; Liquid Gas UK calls for re-think on EPC methodology; Trade association announces re-brand from UKLPG

July 5, 2019 Read Full Article

IKEA, CMA CGM and the GoodShipping Program Join Forces to Test Sustainable Marine Bio-Fuel Oil

(GoodShipping Program)  IKEA Transport & Logistics Services, CMA CGM, the GoodShipping Program and the Port of Rotterdam have today announced they will cooperate in a first of its kind partnership to

March 13, 2019 Read Full Article

Enerkem Produces a New Clean, Renewable Alternative Solution to Diesel Fuel for the Transportation Sector

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Canada, we hear that Enerkem has tested and validated the production of fuel-grade bio-DME made from unrecoverable carbon-rich municipal solid waste. More than 1,000 hours

September 26, 2018 Read Full Article

Chilean Public Utility Company Announced First Biogas Truck Fleet

(Aguas Andinas/NGV Journal)  Aguas Andinas launched a new project to convert its fleet of vehicles and trucks to renewable natural gas. The first part of this transition is taking place in

July 31, 2018 Read Full Article

An Emerging Alternative Marine Fuel: The Digest’s 2018 Multi-Slide Guide to Methanol

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The marine sector consumes 370 million metric tonnes of bunker fuel per year, and stakeholders desire a viable pathway to low- & no-carbon marine fuels. The

July 24, 2018 Read Full Article

$200 Oil in 2020? The Impending Energy Crisis and Biofuels’ Role in Relieving the Refining Capacity Crunch

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  “The global economy likely faces an economic crash of horrible proportions in 2020, not for want of a nail but want of low-sulfur diesel fuel,” writes

July 24, 2018 Read Full Article

Skangas Fuels the Tanker Fure Vinga with Liquefied Biogas (LBG)

(SkanGas)  Skangas have supplied the leading Swedish shipping company and LNG pioneer Furetank with Liquefied Biogas (LBG) – a renewable and environmentally friendly fuel. The Swedish LBG was delivered to Furetank’s

July 18, 2018 Read Full Article

Air Pollution: Agriculture and Transport Emissions Continue to Pose Problems in Meeting Agreed Limits

(European Environment Agency)  Emissions from agriculture and transport continue to pose problems for European Union Member States in meeting EU and United Nations air pollution limits, according to updated data published

July 17, 2018 Read Full Article

AAPCA Releases 2018 Edition of The Greatest Story Seldom Told

(Association of Air Pollution Control Agencies)  Today, the Association of Air Pollution Control Agencies (AAPCA) released the 2018 edition of The Greatest Story Seldom Told: Profiles and Success Stories in Air Pollution

July 3, 2018 Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2018 Multi-Slide Guide to Biofuels for the Marine Sector

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Biofuels for marine diesels — a biofuel developers dream? That’s the premise of his IEA webinar deck on the promise and progress in marine biofuels, a 330

June 27, 2018 Read Full Article

QUOTE OF THE WEEK — Manhattan Institute

The Manhattan Institute looked at “zero emission vehicles” and found: Broad-based adoption of ZEVs will increase overall emissions of sulfur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen, and particulates, compared with the same

May 15, 2018 0 comment Read Full Article

Short Circuit: The High Cost of Electric Vehicle Subsidies

(Manhattan Institute)  Many claim that “zero-emissions vehicles” (ZEVs), especially battery-powered electric vehicles, should replace most, if not all, cars and trucks powered by gasoline-burning internal combustion engines. The primary rationale is

May 15, 2018 Read Full Article

Biofuels for the Marine Shipping Sector: An Overview and Analysis of Sector Infrastructure, Fuel Technologies and Regulations

by Chia-wen Carmen Hsieh and Claus Felby (University of Copenhagen/IEA Bioenergy) The merchant shipping sector is one of the mayor players in world trade. More than 80% of all goods

December 29, 2017 Read Full Article

From Off-Take to Take-Off: The Digest’s 2017 Multi-Slide Guide to the US Renewable Jet Fuels Program

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In June 2011, the Secretaries of Agriculture, Energy, and Navy signed MOU to commit $510M (up to $170M from each agency) to produce hydrocarbon jet

February 21, 2017 Read Full Article

Waste to Fuels Viability: The Digest’s 2017 Multi-Slide Guide to Velocys Economics

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Velocys enables modular gas-to-liquids and biomass-to-liquids plants to convert unconventional, remote and problem gas and waste biomass into valuable, drop-in liquid fuels. After 15 years

February 8, 2017 Read Full Article

Biofuels Present Solution to Harmful Airborne Chemicals

by David Vandergriend (Sacramento Bee)   … But the day-to-day threat facing many communities doesn’t come from carbon. It comes from airborne chemicals with less attention-grabbing names like volatile organic compounds,

September 11, 2016 Read Full Article

EPA Releases Endangerment Finding for Aircraft, Good News for Biofuels

by Rebecca Chillrud  (Energy and Environmental Study Institute)  … On July 25, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) released its endangerment finding for aircraft, indicating that greenhouse gas emissions from aircraft

August 2, 2016 Read Full Article

Greens Sue EPA to Force New NOx, SOx Standards

by Alex Guillén (Political Pro)  …   The two standards were last reviewed in 2010 – meaning EPA is currently a year behind the five-year review schedule for those standards set under

July 8, 2016 Read Full Article

GoodFuels Marine Signs up Dutch Dredging as Second Major Dredging Customer on Sustainable Marine Biofuels

(Dutch Dredging)  Dutch Dredging has kicked off its year round operation on sustainable “drop-in” marine biofuel out of the Dutch Port of Moerdijk. The Alouette, permanently stationed in the port

July 5, 2016 Read Full Article

Sustainable Marine Fuel Initiative Consortium to Launch 2-Year Testing, Certification, Scaling Effort for Drop-In Marine Biofuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In the Netherlands, the Sustainable Marine Fuel initiative will be launched on October 7th by Boskalis, Wärtsilä, and GoodFuels Marine and supported by Carbon War

September 28, 2015 Read Full Article

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heat-tolerance heating oil/fuel heat of combustion heat of vaporization Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) HFS-SIP hibiscus High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Honge tree nuts Hong Kong hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 Hybrid aircraft hybrids hydrocarbon fuels hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydrogen Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogen fuel cells hydrogenolysis hydrogen price hydrogen pumps hydropower hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois illuppai ILUC (Indirect Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indiana Indian beech tree Indian grass indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial ethanol industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insects insurance integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine International international balance of payments International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica jamelão Japan jatobá Jatropha Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 Jetfuel (Sustainable Alternative Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs jojoba Jordan JP-4 JP-5 JP-8 JP-10 juniper Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kamani Kansas Kans grass Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kero kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati Knowledge Discovery Framework Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kulpa kusum Kuwait Kygryzstan labels Labrador lactose Lake County lamp oil landfill methane Landfills land ownership land prices land rights landscape land subsidence land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead Leadtree leaf ant Lebanon legislation Legislation-Federal Legislation-State lemna lend-lease Lesotho lesquerella leucaena Liberia Libya licensing lichens life cycle analysis (LCA) light rail lignin Lignin Ethanol Oil (LEO) Lignocellulosic Biofuel lignocellulosic sugars Lipid liquefaction liquid liquidation liquid petroleum gas (LPG) liquid transportation fuels Liquified Biogas (LBG) Liquified Biogas (LBG) pumps Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logistics long-term contracts Louisiana low carbon emissions low carbon octane standard (LCOS) Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel low sulfur fuel low sulfur marine fuel lubricants lumber mill Luxembourg lysis M3 M15 M50 M100 ma macadamia macauba Macedonia machine learning Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona management changes mandates mangaba manganese mango mangrove Manitoba mannose manure maple maps marginal land Marine/Maritime Biofuel marine algae Marine Corps Marine Diesel Oil (MDO) Marine Gas Oil (MGO) market forces marketing markets/sales market share Mars Marshall Islands Maryland Masdar Institute Massachusetts mass balance standard Master Limited Partnership (MLP) Mauritius Mazda meat mechanics training medical waste MEEC membranes mergers and acquisitions mesquite methan methanation methane/biomethane methane leaks methanization Methanol/Biomethanol/Renewable Methanol methanol price Mexico Michelin GreenX Challenge Michigan micro-crop microalgae microbial electrosynthesis microbiology microorganisms/microbes microwave Mid-Atlantic Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military reserves military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels millennium fruit millet millettia pinnata milo stover minerals mining Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold molybdenum MON (Motor Octane Number) Monaco Mongolia mongongo Montana Montenegro moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES2014 Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed Myanmar n-butanol nahar Namibia nano nanocatalysts nanocellulose nanomaterials nano particles naphtha/bionaphtha NASCAR National Academies of Science National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) National Guard National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) National Institute of 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catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory North Korea Northwest Territories Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds NTSB nuclear Nunavut nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition nut shells oak oat hulls oats oat straw Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) offtake agreements Ohio oil oil embargo oil exploration oil monopoly oil p oil price parity oil prices oil production oil refineries oil replacement Oils oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil speculators oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes Oklahoma olefins olive cake olive oil olive pits olives olive water Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) open fuel standard open pond opportunity zones optimized flex fuel vehicles orange peel orchard grass orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells osage orange OSHA Overseas Private Investment Corporation overview overview/survey course oxygen oxygenate ozone Pakistan Palau palm palm biomass palm fatty acid distillate palm fiber palm fronds palm kernel palm kernel oil palm kernel shell palm oil palm oil mill effluent (POME) palm oil prices palm waste Paludiculture/peatland cultivation Panama pandas panic grass papaya paper Papua Indonesia Papua New Guinea paraffins Paraguay parity partial waiver particulates pasture land Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) patents pathways Paulownia paulownia tree payments peaches peak oil peak oil demand peanuts/groundnuts peas pectin peela kaner pellets Pennsylvania pennycress/stinkweed pentane pentanol pentose pequi perennial grains perennial grasses Performance permitting Peru pest-tolerance pesticide-tolerance pests petition petroleum pharmaceuticals phase separation Philippines phosphorus photobioreactor photosynthesis phragmites pigeon pea pilot scale pine pineapple pine beetle pine nut pinion pipelines Pistacia chinensis PLA plant cell research plant cell walls plant oil plastic plastic-to-jet Plug-in Flex Fuel Hybrid Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) plume grass Poland poli Policy politics pollinators pollution pollution control polyfuel polymer polymerization polysaccharides pomace pomegranates pongamia pongamia pinnata poplar poppy population control Portable refinery Portugal poster sessions potamogeton potassium potato poultry litter/waste power-to-x/gas/liquid prairie grasses pre-processing precision farming/agriculture precursors/biointermediates premium gasoline Pretreatment pretreatment equipment price price of water prickly pear Prince Edward Island process flow diagram producer tax credit Production tax credit productivity project insurance propagating Propane/Biopropane/Renewable 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for Information) RFS "reset" RHD100 Rhizosphere Observations Optimizing Terrestrial Sequestration (ROOTS) Rhode Island Ricardo rice rice bran oil rice hulls rice husks rice price rice straw RICO (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act) RIMPAC RINs (Renewable Identification Numbers) RINs markets RINs price risk management RJ-4 RJ-6 RME (rape methyl ester) RME180 RNA (Ribonucleic acid) roadmap rocket fuel Romania RON (Research Octane Number) rotation crops royalties RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber rumen ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Russia Russian olive rutabaga Rwanda ry rye Rye grass s saccharification Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower sago pond weed SAIC SAK Salicornia salt-tolerant saltbush saltcedar sal tree salt water Sanctions Santa Monica sardine oil Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Advisory Board (SAB) Science Policy Scotland scum sea level rise seaports seashore mallow seawater Seaweed/Macroalgae seaweed cultivation Section 526 Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) seed-to-wheel seed husks Senegal Serbia sesame sewage Seychelles shale shale gas shale oil shark oil sheep shipping shipping containers shipworm Sierra Leone silica Silphie/cup plant/Indian cup silver silver maple simarouba Singapore sisal SK slash Slovakia Slovakia/Slovak Republic Slovenia sludge Small Business Administration small engines small refinery exemption (SRE) smog smokestack soap Social social benefit investing social cost social value social venture Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) soi soil soil amendments soil carbon soil health soil microbial biomass solar-to-fuels solar biofuels solar energy solar energy-to-chemical conversion solaris solid oxide fuel cell Solutions solvent liquefaction Somalia soot sorghum sorghum oil sorghum stover South Africa South America South Australia South 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Switzerland sycamore syngas syngas fermentation synthetic biology synthetic diesel synthetic gasoline synthetic liquified gas (SLG) synthetic methane synthetic natural gas Syria Tailoring Rule Taiwan Tajikistan tall fescue tall oil tallow tallow tree Tamarix tank-to-wheel tank cars tankers tanker trucks Tanzania tariffs taro tar sands Tasmania tax benefit tax credit taxes tax incentives tax parity tax policy tea teach-the-teacher teacher teacher resources teacher training technical course Technical Readiness Levels techno-economic analysis technology transfer tech transfer telephone utility poles Tennessee termites terpenes terrestrial carbon testing Texas textbook Thailand theft therapeutics thermal deoxygenation thermocatalytic conversion thermochemical conversion thermochemical liquefaction Tibet Tier 3 Tier 4 tilapia tillage Timor-Leste tires tobacco tobacco tree Togo Tokyo toluene Tonga tool Toronto torrefaction Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) trade trade dispute/discrimination trade group trade organization Trade Policy trade secrets training trains transesterification transgenics transition Transportation Fuels Policy Transportation Fuels Policy--Municipal Transportation Fuels Policy--State Transportation Policy Treasury Department trees Trinidad and Tobago triticale trucks tubers tung tunicate Tunisia Turkey UCOME (Used Cooking Oil Methyl Ester) Uganda UK (United Kingdom) Ukraine UL (Underwriters Laboratory) ULSD (ultra low sulfur diesel) Ultra Low Sulfur Fuel Oil (ULSFO) underground storage tanks (UST) UNESCO United Arab Emirates (UAE) United Nations' International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) United Nations (UN) United States Auto Club Unleaded 88/E15 uranium urbanization urban sprawl Uruguay USAC US Agency for International Development (USAID) USAID US Army USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS) used cooking oil (UCO) used railroad ties US ethanol exports US Geological 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