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Irreversible Does Not Mean Unavoidable

by H. Damon Matthews, Susan Solomon (Science Magazine) Understanding how decreases in CO2 emissions would affect global temperatures has been hampered in recent years by confusion regarding issues of committed warming and irreversibility. The notion that there will be additional future warming or

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Enzymes from Horse Feces Could Hold Secrets to Streamlining Biofuel Production

(Science Daily)  Stepping into unexplored territory in efforts to use corn stalks, grass and other non-food plants to make biofuels, scientists have described the discovery of a potential treasure-trove of candidate enzymes in fungi thriving in the feces and intestinal

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ACC Clean Energy Challenge Announces Elite Eight Plus Two, Will Vie to Reach Final Four

(Maryland Technology Enterprise Institute/PR NewsWire)  The $100K ACC Clean Energy Challenge, a business plan competition supported by the Department of Energy's (DOE) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) encouraging students from universities in the southeastern United States to develop business plans

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Anellotech and the Advent of the Green ‘Enes

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Fast pyrolysis developer plans to rapidly expand green benzene and toluene production in 2013 for downstream product development purposes.   Opens new pilot plant, R&D facility in New York; green BTX platform ready to emerge. ...In

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Former Energy Secretary Urges Scientists to Get More Involved in Setting Energy Policy

by Kelly Harrington-Andrejasich  (SNL)   Former New Mexico Gov. Bill Richardson has a message for scientists: get involved in politics and policymaking. Delivering a keynote address at the MIT Energy Conference in Boston on March 2, Richardson encouraged students and others

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Making Superfuels Affordable, via Biofuels: The JP-10 Story

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Could a switch to biofuels make super-dense JP-10 military aviation fuels affordable? Could F18A Super Hornets add payload or extend range? Currently reserved for tactical missiles because of cost, biofuels could provide a path to affordable

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Engineered Yeast Makes More Biofuels

by Helen Tunnicliffe (TCE Today)  Moving process to mitochondria ups production 260% Chemical engineers at Massachusetts Institute of Technology have engineered yeast to increase production of isobutanol, a promising biofuel, by 260%. Isobutanol, a heavy alcohol, contains more energy than ethanol and is

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Engineer Gets NSF CAREER Grant to Study Biofuel Process

(University of Massachusetts-Amherst NewsWise)  Paul J. Dauenhauer, a chemical engineer at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, has received a five-year, $400,000 grant from the National Science Foundation’s CAREER program to conduct basic research on the chemical reactions that create biofuel

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Reborn Qteros Rises Again with New Plan to Develop Technology to Make Ethanol

by Jim Kinney (The Republican/MassLive)   Qteros and the “Q microbe” discovered byUMass researchers and valued for its ability to digest plant waste into ethanol fuel is making a comeback. ...But the money dried up early in 2012. In September, creditors auctioned Qteros'

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Citgo Gets Town OK to Build 270,000-Gallon Biofuel Tank in Braintree

by Neal Simpson  (The Patriot Ledger)  Citgo Petroleum Corp. has won town approval to build a 33-foot-tall tank that will store almost 270,000 gallons of biofuel at its Quincy Avenue facility in Braintree. The town’s planning board voted unanimously Tuesday to

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U.S. States Threaten Lawsuit against EPA over Regulations

by Andrew Hay  (Reuters)  A coalition of seven eastern states led by New York plans to sue the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for failing to issue new guidelines to curb methane emissions, a greenhouse gas that may be linked to

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Game-Changers: Could Electrofuel Euphoria Exceed Natural Gas Glee?

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The first patent issued out of ARPA-E’s electrofuels program suggests that this technology class is heading for the short-list of “next big thing” in energy conversations. ...Or, that participants were aware of the fast-spreading meme that

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Fuel From Waste, Poised at a Milestone

by Matthew L. Wald (New York Times)  For years, scientists and engineers have been juggling various combinations of acids, steam, bacteria, catalysts and the digestive juices of microorganisms to convert agricultural waste and even household garbage into motor fuel. So far,

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Students Rock Ethanol

by Joanna Schroeder (DomesticFuel.com)  High school senior Jason Girouard from Brimfield, Massachusetts has won the Ethanol Rocks video contest sponsored by the National Corn Growers Association. Girouard was awarded $1,500. Freshman Emily Yue from Gilford, Connecticut and senior Lewis Kloster of Minneapolis,

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E85, the Cleaner-Burning Fuel for Cars

by Peter DeMarco (Boston.com)  A reader from Stoughton was suspicious: A gallon of gas for $3.20? There had to be a catch, he said, and suggested I investigate. The station offering the amazing deal was the Route 138 South Gulf in

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Saving the Environment...and Some Money: Sandwich Company Recycles Waste Cooking Oil

by Mark Burridge (Wicked Local/Sandwich Broadsider)  Cape Cod Biofuels (CCBF) works with restaurants across Cape Cod and the South Shore to convert used cooking oils into biofuels. Marc Watson, a co-owner of the company, said Cape Cod Biofuels isn’t only environmentally

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Study Finds a LCFS in Minnesota Would Create Nearly 32,500 Jobs

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  A study recently published by the Political Economy Research Institute at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst explores some of the economic impacts of establishing a low carbon fuel standard (LCFS) in Minnesota. The study,

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UMass-Amherst Team Solves Mystery of Cellulose Chains Breakdown

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  What exactly happens in depolymerization, as hydrogen bonds break down?  How could that revolutionize the process of making fuels, solvents, thinners, lacquers or paints out of biobased materials? Before one is able to arrange a global

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Citgo Proposes Biodiesel Tank Construction

by Joseph Markman)  (Braintree Patch)  The Braintree Planning Board continued Citgo's request for construction of a 270,000-gallon tank until its November meeting Under a proposal before the Planning Board, Citgo would build a new steel tank at its Quincy Avenue terminal in Braintree

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Westborough I-90 Service Plaza Gets E85 Flex Fueling Pump

by Brian Benson (Metro West Daily News)  Service plazas along Interstate 90 in Westborough and Charlton now feature the first E85 Flex Fueling stations on the Massachusetts Turnpike, the state Department of Transportation announced.... Transportation Secretary and CEO Richard A. Davey said

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Teaching a Microbe to Make Fuel

by David L. Chandler (MIT News)   Genetically modified organism could turn carbon dioxide or waste products into a gasoline-compatible transportation fuel. A humble soil bacterium called Ralstonia eutrophahas a natural tendency, whenever it is stressed, to stop growing and put all its

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Bioengineered Bacteria Pump Out Fuel for Cars

(Innovation News Daily)  A humble soil bacteria has become a genetically engineered factory capable of making fuel for cars. But the project still has to get out of the lab and scale up to industrial-size production. The MIT project aims to make transportation fuels 10

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POET And Agrivida Sign Technology Collaboration Joint Development Agreement

(PR NewsWire)  POET Research Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of POET LLC, one of the world's largest ethanol producers, and Agrivida, Inc., a developer of biotechnology platforms for feedstock and feedstock processing, today announce the signing of a technology collaboration joint

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Massachusetts Law Delays Rail Transport of Ethanol through Boston

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  A new law in Massachusetts will delay allowing ethanol to be transported via train through Boston and several other cities until a public safety study is conducted. The legislation, titled “An Act financing improvements

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Death Valley Days: The Biofuels Financing Saga

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  As bio-based companies race across the Valley of Death, in the dash for scale, who’s getting financing now, and how? The path to financing success in bio-based project development used to be a little less complicated. Raise

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Dealer Uses Truck to Wave Bioheat Flag

by John Davis (DomesicFuel.com)  A Massachusetts Bioheat dealer believes there’s no better way to show patriotism this 4th of July than parading his newly wrapped truck proclaiming the goodness of the green heating fuel. Cleghorn Oil, a Bioheat dealer based

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New Kids on the Block: 12 hot bio-based technologies worth watching (Parts 1 and 2)

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ...Yet, even in an era where venture capital has been harder to come by (Why? See these 42 article links under the rubric, “The VC Model is Broken” ) — some great technologies have been getting out

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ReCommunity Recycling, UMass Team up on Trash-to-Fuel Project

by Jim Kinney (Gazette)   A company that runs recycling centers all over the country has researchers in UMass' biofuels program thinking trash can to gas can. ReCommunity Recycling has committed $635,000 to the Institute for Massachusetts Biofuels Research, also known as

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UMass Amherst Researchers Work to Improve Camelina Yields

by Erin Voegele  (Biodiesel Magazine)   A team of researchers at the University of Massachusetts-Amherst is working to significantly increase the oil yields of camelina with the goal of creating a commercially viable crop for biofuel production. The $2 million,

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Waste Lines: The Hottest Trends with Bio’s Coolest Feedstock

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ... Regardless of its naming deficiencies, waste has been hot and getting hotter as a bioenergy feedstock because it solves three of the most pressing problems blocking capacity expansion. 1. The feedstocks are available at fixed, affordable

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ThermoEnergy's Sugar Recovery System Meets Key Environmental Demands

(PRNewswire) -- At a time when regulatory agencies are increasing pressure for the disposal of wastewater containing soluble sugars, ThermoEnergy Corporation's CASTion® Sugar Recovery System is a proven, cost-effective technology to capture and recover sugar in wastewater. Food and beverage wastewaters have

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Massachusetts Sets Strict Regulations for Biomass: Will This Influence Further Restrictions?

by Meg Cichon (Renewable Energy World)  The Massachusetts Department of Energy Resources released a new set of strict standards for biomass in early May that have the potential to cut subsidies for developing plants. According to these new requirements, all

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Low Carbon Fuel Standard Could Double Gas Prices

by Cindy Zimmerman (DomesticFuel.com)  A new study released today by the Consumer Energy Alliance (CEA) indicates that a low carbon fuel standard (LCFS) in Northeast and Mid-Atlantic states could result in doubling gasoline prices and other negative economic impacts. The study, “Analysis of the

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Rail Plan to Ship Ethanol Is Decried

by Katheleen Conti (The Boston Globe)  Eight firefighters are seen dousing a couple of rail cars, as bright flames and a plume of dark smoke engulf parts of the freight train in a still image stamped with the message: Ready

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'Mini-Cellulose' Molecule Unlocks Biofuel Chemistry

(Science Daily)  A team of chemical engineers at the University of Massachusetts Amherst has discovered a small molecule that behaves the same as cellulose when it is converted to biofuel. Studying this 'mini-cellulose' molecule reveals for the first time the

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Two Become One for Bio-Oil Upgrade

(RSC Chemistry World News)  The development of a couple of new and improved catalysts for upgrading bio-oil is bringing this novel approach to producing biofuels a step closer to the big time. Although there are several ways to convert plant biomass

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Return of the Pyromaniax

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ...You just can’t turn your back for very long, around the Pyromaniax – the researchers around the world working on pyrolysis. Now, pyro comes in several flavors – fast pyrolysis, flash pyrolysis, catalytic fast pyrolysis

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Qteros Lives, Says New CEO

by Kyle Alspach (Boston Business Journal)  Despite layoffs and the removal of its CEO, venture-backed ethanol firm Qteros says it's moving forward with part of its commercialization plan — though it appears work at its Chicopee facility has been halted. ...In the

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Coping with the Cost of Heat: Alternative Energy Sources Available

by Thomas Caywood  (Worcester Telegram & Gazette)  Rising heating oil prices and dire forecasts predicting the most expensive heating season ever have left many local homeowners feeling anything but warm and fuzzy, with some scrambling to find cheaper ways to

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Post Oil: Electrofuels Are an Oil-Substitute Minus the Eons

(Christian Science Monitor)   ... Pamela Silver and her colleagues aim to compress the oil-forming process to nearly instantaneous, with some carbon dioxide, a dash of electricity, and a lot of help from the diminutive star of her Harvard Medical School

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New Sources Near for Biofuels

(Harvard Science)  Chris Somerville, director of the Energy Biosciences Institute, said global biofuels are already mainstream, with ethanol from corn totaling 13 to 14 billion gallons annually in the United States, or about 10 percent of gasoline use. In Brazil, it

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Jobe, Huber Kick off Northeast Bioheat Workshop

by Bryan Sims (Biodiesel Magazine)  The biodiesel and oilheat industries have a long-standing history working alongside each other respectively serving the home heating needs of their customers, particularly in the Northeast, and delivering clean-burning Bioheat was the sentiment echoed by

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Department of Energy Awards $2 Million for National University Clean Energy Business Challenge to Jump Start Young Entrepreneurship

(US Department of Energy)  The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) recently announced $2 million over three years for six regional awardees to create and administer a network of student-focused business creation competitions and inspire young entrepreneurs to found innovative, clean

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Department of Energy Awards $156 Million for Groundbreaking Energy Research Projects

(Department of Energy/ARPA-E)  ARPA-E Projects in 25 States Will Accelerate Innovation in Clean Energy Technologies, Increase America's Competitiveness and Create Jobs Arun Majumdar, Director of the Department of Energy’s Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E), today announced 60 cutting-edge research projects aimed

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A Better FFV?

by Holly Jessen (Ethanol Producer Magazine)   Single nozzle, dual fuel injection could work in heavy-duty trucks, too What if there were a flex-fuel engine on the market that was more efficient, and provided more power than today’s flex-fuel vehicles (FFVs)

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Technologies and Fuels of the Future – A Panel Discussion

by Vidya Ramanathan (Advanced Biofuels USA)  “Artificial leaf, Nanowires and Biomass - Are these the fuels and technologies of the future?  Emerging from the BP Gulf Oil spill, and witnessing the post-quake-tsunami nuclear-reactor incidents in Japan, we are rightly poised

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Mascoma’s IPO: The 10-Minute Version

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Intrigued by cellulosic ethanol and a new product called MGT, in Mascoma’s IPO? ...Mascoma Corporation announced that it has filed an S-1 registration statement relating to a proposed $100 million initial public offering. The number of

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State, Local Officials Prep for Ethanol Trains

by Mariah Sondergard (Commonwealth Magazine)  Global’s trains will bring in 3.6m gallons a week MOST OF THE ethanol that is mixed with gasoline in Massachusetts enters the state by ship or fuel truck, but that will change next year when Global Petroleum

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Metabolic Network Reconstruction of Chlamydomonas Offers Insight into Light-Driven Algal Metabolism

by Roger L Chang, Lila Ghamsari, Ani Manichaikul, Erik F Y Hom, Santhanam Balaji, Weiqi Fu, Yun Shen, Tong Hao, Bernhard Ø Palsson, Kourosh Salehi-Ashtiani & Jason A Papin   (Molecular Systems Biology)  Metabolic network reconstruction encompasses existing knowledge about an organism's

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Ethanol Transport Raising Concerns: Ballot Vote Focuses on Rail Shipments

by John Laidler (Boston.com)  A plan by Global Partners to begin shipping ethanol by rail to its Revere terminal is drawing concern in the city, where it is the focus of a nonbinding ballot question. According to Fire Chief Gene Doherty,

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Oozing Biofuel: Algae Could Solve World's Fuel Crisis

by Von Philip Bethge (Der Spiegel Online)  Genetically modified blue and green algae could be the answer to the world's fuel problems. Bioengineers have already developed algae that produce ethanol, oil and even diesel -- and the only things the

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Joule Awarded Patents for High-Volume Ethanol Production from Sunlight and CO2

(American Fuels)  Joule Unlimited Technologies today (July 27, 2011) announced the issuance of its first two U.S. patents covering its fundamental method for producing ethanol at volumes and efficiencies far surpassing biomass-dependent processes. The patents relate to methods for increasing the

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Power Shifts

by Erin Ailworth (The Boston Globe)  ...“One of the big challenges with the federal budget is whether ARPA-E is going to be funded,’’ said Peter Rothstein, president of New England Clean Energy Council, a trade group in Boston. ...Alternative fuels Despite several

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Qteros and UMass Amherst Bolster Patent Portfolio for Ethanol-Producing Microbe With Issued and Allowed Patents in the United States and Japan

(PR NewsWire)  Qteros, Inc., the developer of a unique and highly efficient Consolidated Bioprocessing (CBP) platform for the lowest-cost production of cellulosic ethanol, and the University of Massachusetts Amherst, today announced two significant intellectual property (IP) advances that extend the patent estate

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Bacteria as Biofuel: It's Coming

by Jason Kennedy (IT World)  One company figured out a way to turn the byproduct of a genetically modified bacteria into biofuel. ...A Cambridge, MA based company, Joule Unlimited, however, thinks that race might be over with it's ethanol creating genetically

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MIT Researchers Increase Algal Hydrogen Production

(Algae Industry Magazine)  Many kinds of algae and cyanobacteria are capable of using energy from sunlight to split water molecules and release hydrogen. One reason this approach hasn’t yet been harnessed for fuel production is that under ordinary circumstances, hydrogen

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Agrivida Teaches Biofuel Crops to Self-Destruct

by Martin LaMonica (CNET)  ... Agrivida is using genetic engineering and other techniques from the biotech industry to create proteins with specific traits designed for rapid, and cheaper, biofuel production from sorghum, switchgrass, and corn stover, the residual material from corn harvesting. Company

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Ag Secretary Touts Agrivida

by Donna Goodison (Boston Herald)  Greater Boston doesn’t usually rate as a Hub of agriculture but yesterday U.S. Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack was in Medford to praise start-up Agrivida Inc. as an example of how renewable energy research could help

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Quantifying Variability in Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Inventories of Alternative Middle Distillate Transportation Fuels

Russell W. Stratton, Hsin Min Wong, and James I. Hileman  (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)   The presence of variability in life cycle analysis (LCA) is inherent due to both inexact LCA procedures and variation of numerical inputs. Variability in LCA

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Joule Picks New Mexico Site for Solar Fuel Project; Now Competitive with $20/Barrel Diesel?

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Massachusetts, Joule reported that they have signed a lease for 1,200 acres in Lea County, New Mexico, with the potential to scale the project up to 5,000 acres for production of renewable diesel and

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USDA and DOE Award Biomass Research and Development Grants to Reduce America's Reliance on Imported Oil

Projects will help develop sustainable, renewable biofuels in the U.S. As part of the Obama Administration's comprehensive plan to address rising gas prices, U.S. Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack and U.S. Energy Secretary Steven Chu today announced a total of $47 million

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Agrivida Reports Increased Glucose Yields from Cellulosic Biomass for Fuel and Chemical Production

(Agrivida)   —New Data Presented at Annual American Chemical Society Meeting— Agrivida's engineered feedstock and proprietary low temperature, low cost processes release over 80 percent theoretical glucose yield from cellulosic biomass, according to data presented today at the annual meeting of

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Qteros CEO John McCarthy Offers Space in New Chicopee Plant for Biofuel Start-Ups

by Kyle Alspach  (Boston Business Journal)  With the major costs associated with proving out new biofuels technologies, John McCarthy says he’s seen a number of Massachusetts startups in the space enticed to do larger-scale work in other states. McCarthy, CEO of

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Novogy Gets $750K, Targets Waste Paper Biofuel

by Galen Moore  (Boston Business Journal)  Stealthy cleantech startup Novogy Inc. of Cambridge, Mass. has raised $750,000 more from venture backers General Catalyst Partners, according to a regulatory filing posted yesterday - and made comments suggesting the company is working on cellulosic biofuels,

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Paper Maker Turns Waste Wood to Biofuel, Jobs

by Tony Dobrowolski (Berkshire Eagle)  Crane & Co. is planning to employ a rarely used, clean-energy technology to reduce the paper maker's energy costs and possibly bring 100 new jobs to the region. The technology, known as Rapid Thermal Processing, or

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Quantum Leap for the Q Microbe: Qteros closes $22 Million in New Financing; Global Partnership with Praj

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ... Qteros and Praj will collaborate on a highly focused, multi-year development program with the objective of rapidly developing and commercializing Process Design Packages (PDPs) that enable cellulosic ethanol production using Qteros’ Q Microbe-enabled CBP platform

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Ethanol from Sugar Beets: A Process and Economic Analysis

by Emily Bowen, Sean C. Kennedy, Kelsey Miranda  (Worcester Polytechnic Institute) The aim of this project was to design a process for producing bioethanol from sugar beets as a possible feedstock replacement for corn. Currently eighty-five percent of the energy used by the United

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Altranex, Brown University Collaborate on Biodiesel Processing

by Michelle Lang  (Mass High Tech)  Bedford biofuels startup Altranex Energy LLC is working with Brown University to develop process technology to make biodiesel that works in cold climates. ...At Altranex, the fuel is called Green Kero, and it’s designed to

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Cheers to Biomass in Boston; CARB States Petroleum Has No Indirect Effects

by Anna Austin and Lisa Gibson  (Biomass Magazine)  ...Director of the Northeast Regional New Fuels Alliance Andrew Schuyler, who followed Cleaves, explained some policies the organization has been working on, primarily the development of a Low Carbon Fuel Standard similar

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Massachusetts City Agrees to Begin Talks on Waste-to-Ethanol Project

by Charles Winokoor (Tauton Daily Gazette)  The city’s plans for what would be a landmark ethanol-based waste treatment plant cleared an important hurdle at Tuesday night’s City Council meeting. The Council and its Committee on Solid Waste voted unanimously to enter

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Governors of 11 Northeast and Mid-Atlantic States Agree to Work Together Toward Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Fuels

Governors of 11 Northeast and Mid-Atlantic states today took the next step toward developing a regional Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) by signing a Memorandum of Understanding that commits their states to continued participation in a regional effort to reduce greenhouse gas

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Banned in Boston: Massachusetts Moves to Strike Algae, Miscanthus, Switchgrass, Oil from Microorganisms, from Qualifying Under Clean Energy Biofuels Act

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Massachusetts, the state Department of Energy Resources, in coordination with the Executive Office of Energy and Environmental Affairs, announced that it would ban all biofuels not made using waste feedstocks from qualifying under the

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A Research Roadmap for Making Lignocellulosic Biofuels A Practical Reality: Breaking the Chemical and Engineering Barriers to Lignocellulosic Biofuels: Next Generation Hydrocarbon Biorefineries

Based on the June 25-26, 2007 Workshop in Washington, DC, with Dr. George Hubner, University of Massachusetts--Amherst, Workshop Chair View the PDF

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emissions carbon fiber carbon insets Carbon Intensity (CI)/Carbon Footprint carbon life cycle carbon markets Carbon Monoxide (CO) carbon negative carbon neutrality carbon offsets carbon pipeline carbon price carbon recycling carbon removal carbon sink carbon standard carbon tax Carbon tax border adjustments carbon tax-and-dividend carbon terminal carbon user fee Carbon Utilization and Biogas Education Program carbon-14 testing carbon-efficient fuels carbon/CO2 sequestration carcinogens cardoon Caribbean carinata carinata/brassica carinata carob CAS Registry cashew cashew apple Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) CASI Cassava cassava price cassava pulp cassava stalk castor bean castor stalk catalysis catalysts catalytic decarboxylation catalytic hydrothermal conversion catalytic hydrothermal conversion-to-jet (CHCJ) catalytic hydrothermal gasification catalytic hydrothermolysis jet CHJ pathway cattails cattle cavitation CBD (cannabidiol) CBG (compressed biogas) cell culturing cellulase enzymes cellulose cellulosic biofuel Cellulosic biomass cellulosic diesel Cellulosic ethanol cellulosic ethanol price cellulosic feedstock cellulosic production tax credit cellulosic sugars Cellulosic Tax Credit cellulosic waiver credit cement Central African Republic Central America Certificate Program Certificates of Origin (COs) certification certification fuels cesium cetane Chad change in soil condition charging stations CHCJ-5 chemical-looping hydrogen method Chesapeake Bay chicken feathers chickens Chile Chili China chitin chp chromium chufa/cyperus esculents/nutsedge CIA circular economy citrus citrus greening disease Citrus Peel clean air Clean Air Act (CAA) clean diesel Clean Fuel Standard/Policy (CFS) Clean Heat Standards Clean Power Plan (CPP) Clean Trucks Plan Clean Water Act climate change Climate Change Adaptation climate change effects climate change mitigation climate legislation climate smart/conservation agriculture closed-loop system Clostridium thermocellum cloud point clover cmelina CNG Conversion kit co co-generation co-location Co-op Extension co-operative co-processing co-products CO2 Electrolysis CO2 neutral fuels CO2Removal Certificates (CORCs) coal Coal and Biomass to Liquid (CBTL) Coast Guard coastal habitat conservation coastal hay cobalt cock's foot coco coco methyl ester (CME) cocoa Coconut coffee coffee cherries coffee grounds coffee pulp cold flow cold-tolerance college/university Colombia Colorado combined heat and power (CHP) Comment Request commercial flights commercialization commissioning commo Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) commodity trading common reed Community activity community college Community involvement/engagement community scale Community Wood Energy Program competition compliance compliance credits compost Compressed Natural Gas (CNG/R-CNG/bioCNG) compression ratios compression-ignition engine computer simulation concrete condensate Congo Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Connecticut Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP) construction and demolition waste/debris consumer education contamination contest contrails conversion technology Cook Islands cook stoves cooking fuel cooperatives COP21 COP22 COP23 COP24 COP25 COP26 COP27 COP28 COP29 COP30 copper coppice cordgrass corn bran Corn cobs corn ethanol corn fiber corn growers corn harvest corn kernel corn meal corn oil corn oil/distillers corn oil (DCO) corn prices corn stalks corn stover corn supply corn surplus corn syrup corn-based products corn/maize Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards corporate social responsibility corrosion corruption CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) cosmetics Costa Rica cotton cotton seed hulls cotton seed oil cotton stalk cottonwood Council on Environmental Quality county cover crops cow rumen cracking Crambe crassulacean acid metabolism plants (CAM) crimes criteria pollutants Croatia crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude oil Cuba cup plant cuphea currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cusi cutworm caterpillars cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) cylindro Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs d-5 D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D20 (20%DME) D5 (5%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA date kernel oil date palm date palm pits date palm waste Dates DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act deficit definitions deforestation defossilization Dehydration Delaware DeltaWing demonstration demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify density Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security 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drought drought tolerant drought-resistant dry ice dual cropping Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E100 E100 conversion kit E11 E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E2 E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E3 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E70 diesel E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency egg shell Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric 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(FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation Feedstocks fermentation ferry fertilizer fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) Fischer-Tropsch/FT fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum 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High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) high octane low carbon (HOLC) fuel High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 HVO20 HVO30 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrid ships hybrids hydrocarbon fuels Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydroformylation hydrogen aircraft hydrogen carrier hydrogen combustion engines hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen leaks hydrogen pipeline hydrogen price hydrogen pumps/fueling 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