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MOU on Joint Study of Sustainable Palm Oil Industry Development in Malaysia

(JGC Holdings) JGC Holdings Corporation and Japan NUS (JANUS) have signed a memorandum of understanding with the Malaysian natural gas sales, marketing, and distribution company Gas Malaysia Bhd (GMB) for joint

March 8, 2023 Read Full Article

Liqvis Expands Bio-LNG Station Network, Helping Decarbonize German Transport

(Uniper/AltFuels)  Liqvis GmbH and revis bioenergy GmbH have concluded an agreement, through which revis will supply Liqvis with bio-LNG from mid-2023, produced exclusively from advanced waste and residual agricultural materials in

March 3, 2023 Read Full Article

Liqvis Continues to Expand Its Bio-LNG Supply Portfolio and Will Gradually Switch to Bio-LNG for Heavy Duty Transport from 2023

(Uniper)  Liqvis GmbH and revis bioenergy GmbH conclude agreement on supply of Bio-LNG; From mid-2023, Liqvis will gradually switch to CO2-neutral Bio-LNG and offer it as an alternative fuel at

February 23, 2023 Read Full Article

Aker Carbon Capture Enters Finnish Power-to-X Market

(Aker Carbon Capture/PR Newswire) Aker Carbon Capture will deliver a pre-engineering study to the energy company St1 for the development of a carbon capture facility at Finnsementti’s Lappeenranta cement plant. The

February 10, 2023 Read Full Article

Wärtsilä Biogas Liquefaction Project Will Significantly Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Sweden

(Wärtsilä) The technology group Wärtsilä will supply its biogas liquefaction technology for an important new project in Mönsterås, Sweden. The system has been ordered by Scandinavian Biogas Mönsterås, a joint venture company between

February 2, 2023 Read Full Article

H2: The Hydrogen Hooks ups Are Forming Fast and Global

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) The bioeconomy is rocking as the week begins with news from the US and Europe and major moves in hydrogen. Today, we’ll look at the Topsoe/Fidelis

January 16, 2023 Read Full Article

Lifting Up Production

by Katie Schroeder (Ethanol Producer Magazine) In recent years, many ethanol producers have started migrating toward a more diversified biorefining model as they adapt to changing markets and changing times.

January 3, 2023 Read Full Article

Plug Power Set to Supply Nikola with Green Hydrogen

by Ariana Fine (NGT News) Plug Power and Nikola Corp. have executed a green hydrogen supply agreement. Plug will be supplying green hydrogen to Nikola starting January 1, 2023, with volumes ramping up to

December 20, 2022 Read Full Article

The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to Catalytic Upgrading of Pyrolysis Vapors

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Catalytic fast pyrolysis is a versatile technology pathway for the direct liquefaction of biomass and waste carbon sources. In this slide deck from NREL’s Mike

September 15, 2022 Read Full Article

St1 to Construct a Biogas Upgrading and Liquefaction Refinery in Sweden

(St1)  Energy company St1 has made an investment decision to construct a biogas upgrading and liquefaction refinery in Sobacken, Borås. A prerequisite for the biorefinery investment decision is the long-term off-take

September 2, 2022 Read Full Article

Bright to Build CO2 Liquefaction Plant in the US

(Bright Renewables)  Bright Renewables has been awarded a contract for the realization of a turnkey CO2 liquefaction plant with a capacity of 800 kg per hour on the West Coast of

August 31, 2022 Read Full Article

Ecospray and Ruhe Advance Biomethane Projects

(Bioenergy Insight) Italian company Ecospray and Germany-based Ruhe have signed new agreements for the supply of two biomethane plants and three CO2-liquefaction plants for customers of Green Line Liquid Anlagenbau, which is an affiliated company of

August 11, 2022 Read Full Article

BIO-LNG Plant in Amsterdam

(UABIO)  The first BIO-LNG plant in the Netherlands was opened in autumn 2021. Capacity. The bio-LNG plant produces 3.4 kilotons of bio-LNG per year. This amount of bio-LNG is sufficient for 13

July 14, 2022 Read Full Article

Ecospray and Ruhe Advance Carbon Capture, Biomethane and CO2 Liquefaction Projects

by Daniela Castim (Bio Market Insights) Italian company Ecospray and Germany-based Ruhe signed new agreements for the supply of two biomethane plants and three CO2-liquefaction plants for customers of Green Line Liquid Anlagenbau, which is an affiliated

July 13, 2022 Read Full Article

Chemical Recycling of Plastic: Neste Acquires European Rights to Alterra Energy’s Thermochemical Liquefaction Technology

(Neste) Neste has purchased the European rights to Alterra Energy’s liquefaction technology, further solidifying the company’s efforts to advance chemical recycling. Alterra Energy is a US-based company that has developed a

July 7, 2022 Read Full Article

Bioenergy Technologies Office State of Technology—2020 Research and Development Status

(U.S. Department of Energy) The U.S. Department of Energy’s Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) funds research and development (R&D) on technologies necessary for the deployment and production of cost- competitive bioenergy,

May 19, 2022 Read Full Article

Bio-LNG Services for Trucks & Ships Available at Zeebrugge LNG Terminal

(Fluxys/NGV Journal)  With a view to offering full decarbonization options for heavy duty trucks and ships, Fluxys LNG is organizing a Subscription Window for bio-LNG liquefaction services at the Zeebrugge LNG

December 16, 2021 Read Full Article

EnviTec Forms Joint Venture to Produce Bio-LNG

(Bioenergy Insight)  EnviTec Biogas and Leipzig-based BALANCE Erneuerbare Energien, a wholly-owned subsidiary of VNG AG, have formed a joint venture to produce bio-LNG. The two companies will build a bio-LNG

November 30, 2021 Read Full Article

Future bioLNG Plant near Berlin Will Help Decarbonize Heavy Transport

(EnviTec/NGV Journal)  Two biogas plant operators pull together with a new joint venture. Leipzig-based BALANCE Erneuerbare Energien GmbH – a wholly owned subsidiary of VNG AG – and biogas all-rounder EnviTec

November 24, 2021 Read Full Article

Biofuel Extracted from Hazelnut Shells Show Potential as Renewable Energy Source

by Mark Bustos (The Science Times) A form of biofuel found in hazelnut shells can be a new renewable energy source – using various thermochemical processes to extract oils from the

September 13, 2021 Read Full Article

CMA CGM to Invest in Biomethane Production for Shipping

(Bioenergy Insight) CMA CGM Group, a major shipping and logistics firm, has launched a low-carbon shipping offer utilising biomethane.  The company has supported the production of 12,000 tonnes of biomethane

April 20, 2021 Read Full Article

ORNL’s Latest on Bio-oils Corrosion and Degradation: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to Oak Ridge National Laboratory

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Oak Ridge National Laboratory is conducting studies for BETO to identify better materials for raw biomass processing, biomass liquefaction, and bio-oil storage. From how important

January 11, 2021 Read Full Article

New Bioenergy Enzyme Solution Harnesses the Untapped Potential of Corn

(Novozymes) Novozymes, the world leader in biological solutions, has expanded its portfolio of innovative enzyme solutions for the bioenergy industry with the launch of Fortiva Hemi. The unique new product brings

December 15, 2020 Read Full Article

Decarbonizing Shipping and Transportation: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to BioLNG

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  There are concrete benefits of using BioLNG to decarbonize hard to abate transport sectors like heavy-duty transport and shipping, according to the latest European Biogas

December 2, 2020 Read Full Article

Germany: Major Bio-LNG Plant Will Produce CO2-Neutral Transport Fuel

(Wärtsilä/NGV Journal) Wärtsilä has been awarded a major contract to supply and construct a plant for production of liquid transport fuels. The plant will liquefy gas from the natural gas grid

October 15, 2020 Read Full Article

ANL Releases 2020 Updates to GREET Models

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) Argonne National Laboratory’s Systems Assessment Center on Oct. 9 announced the 2020 release of the suite of Greenhouse gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy use in

October 13, 2020 Read Full Article

Bioenergy Technologies Office 2019 R&D State of Technology

(U.S. Department of Energy)  The U.S. Department of Energy’s Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) funds research and development (R&D) on technologies necessary for the deployment and production of costcompetitive bioenergy, primarily

July 10, 2020 Read Full Article

Corrosion Calamities: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to Corrosion Resistant Materials for Bio-Oil

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Biomass liquefaction technology and bio-oil storage has enough challenges to deal with so being able to identify corrosion-resistant, cost-effective structural materials so that materials issues isn’t

January 10, 2020 Read Full Article

Autothermal Pyrolysis: The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to Rethinking Thermochemical Processing

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Iowa State University is working on fast pyrolysis, and Robert Brown, Director of the university’s Bioeconomy Institute looks at how their work is making us rethink

December 27, 2019 Read Full Article

Biofuels Production and Consumption in Denmark: Status, Advances and Challenges

by Sune Tjalfe Thomsen and Henning Jørgensen (IEA Bioenergy Task 39 Newsletter)  1. Status of transportation biofuel industry in Denmark — In Denmark, a considerable part of the total energy

December 6, 2019 Read Full Article

Rethinking Tomorrow and New Product Launches: The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to Novozymes

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The Digest’s new “Stocks Worth Tracking” Multi-Slide Guide Series highlights hot companies that are making strides in the bioeconomy. Today’s “Stock Worth Tracking” is Novozymes. Novozymes

May 29, 2019 Read Full Article

Fueling the Future: Developing a More Efficient Process for Producing Biobased High-Octane Gasoline

by Zia Abdullah (U.S. Department of Energy)  Over the past five years, the market share for premium gasoline in the United States has increased from 9% to 12%.1 To help meet the

November 28, 2018 Read Full Article

Argonne GREET 2018 Update

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Illinois, a research team at Argonne National Lab released its GREET 2018 update. GREET is a life-cycle analysis (LCA) tool, structured to systematically examine energy and

October 12, 2018 Read Full Article

Catalysts for Better Biofuel Production

(CORDIS/Phys.Org)  … The EU-funded FASTCARD project used two different routes to meet European commitments to the production of advanced biofuels. The first involved the ‘liquefaction’ of biomass and is the closest to competing

August 8, 2018 Read Full Article

The Digest’s Top 10 Innovations for the Week of June 21st, 2018

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The pace of invention and change is just too strong, we’ve realized, to highlight annual or even quarterly or monthly rankings and summaries of significant product

June 22, 2018 Read Full Article

BASF and Lallemand Biofuels & Distilled Spirits to Collaborate and Leverage Synergies Bringing Increased Value to Ethanol Producers

(Lallemand Biofuels & Distilled Spirits/BASF)  BASF Enzymes LLC and Lallemand Biofuels & Distilled Spirits (LBDS) have formally entered into a marketing and sales collaboration agreement to leverage synergies between the two companies’ products that

June 14, 2018 Read Full Article

DSM Announces Broad Product Offering for the Biofuels Industry

(DSM/Newswire Today) Royal DSM announces its commitment to bring innovative solutions to the biofuels industry with a full portfolio offering of yeast and enzymes for starch, fiber and biomass conversions –

March 30, 2018 Read Full Article

Catalyst Collaboration: Argonne Accelerates Biofuel Production Technology

by Meltem Urgun-Demirtas (U.S. Department of Energy)  … With funding from the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) totaling nearly $1.3 million since 2013, ANL researchers are using X-ray

February 27, 2018 0 comment Read Full Article

Catalysts, Cleaning and Cook

by Tom Bryan (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  It’s not every day that scientists stumble upon novel ways to make biofuel, but that’s exactly what Oak Ridge National Laboratory researchers have done by

February 19, 2018 0 comment Read Full Article

Liquefy Thy Forest: The Digest’s 2018 Multi-Slide Guide to Liquefaction of Forest Biomass for Hydrocarbon Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  A team of researchers from Iowa State led by Robert Brown and supported by the DOE’s Biomass Technologies Office is aiming to demonstrate the liquefaction of forest

January 30, 2018 0 comment Read Full Article

Can’t Get No (Liquefaction): The Digest’s 2017 Multi-Slide Guide Liquefaction of Forest Biomass to Drop-in Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Lysle Whitmer on behalf of an Iowa State-led group of researchers gave this illuminating overview of Liquefaction of Forest Biomass to Drop-in Fuels, at the 2017

June 23, 2017 Read Full Article

Early-Stage, Breakthrough Technologies: Biofuels, 10 of the Best

by Lorenz Bauer and Gerald Kutney (Lee Enterprises Consulting/Biofuels Digest)  …  In this report, we are focused on bioenergy and biofuels (and not bioproducts) that are moving from the lab

August 26, 2016 Read Full Article

EPA Awards Grants to 38 Student Teams for Innovative Sustainable Projects

(US Environmental Protection Agency/ForConstructionPros.com)  The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced 38 People, Prosperity and the Planet (P3) grants to university student teams for proposed projects to develop new, sustainable

February 16, 2016 0 comment Read Full Article

The Usual Suspects in Renewable Jet Fuels

by KSL (Lee Enterprises/Renewable Energy World)  As renewables are moving from niche to mainstream, the industry is facing a paradigm shift in cost, quality, complexity, and scale ­— creating opportunities

February 16, 2016 Read Full Article

IEA Bioenergy Task 39 Group Releases Germany Country Profile in Year End Newsletter

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) The IEA Bioenergy Task 39 Group released its end of year newsletter, which included a comprehensive  country profile for biofuels activity in Germany, authored by Franziska

January 4, 2016 Read Full Article

Can Algae Be the Next Biofuel?

by William Tucker (Fuel Freedom Foundation)  The lure of the oceans has always had a special appeal for advocates of biofuel. The vast reaches of the deep speak of a promise

November 20, 2014 Read Full Article

Turning Humble Seaweed to Biofuel

by Nancy Bazilchuk (Norwegian University of Science and Technology/REnewable Energy World)   A Norwegian research group has been able to achieve bio-oil yields of 79 percent from a common kelp, much higher

October 29, 2014 Read Full Article

ACORE Announces Submission of Comments on DOE's Biofuel Research and Development Pathways

(American Council On Renewable Energy)  Today (June 2, 2014), the American Council On Renewable Energy (ACORE) announced that it has submitted comments to the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) which sought stakeholder

June 3, 2014 Read Full Article

DE-FOA-0000812: Carbon, Hydrogen and Separation Efficiencies in Bio-Oil Conversion Pathways(CHASE BIO-OIL PATHWAYS)

(US Department of Energy) This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) will address research and development (R&D) challenges that were identified at a stakeholder workshop held in December 2011 called “Conversion Technologies for

December 17, 2012 Read Full Article

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(Energy Return on Water Invested) esg ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) ethane ethanol Ethanol-to-Gasoline (ETG) ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G ethanol benefits ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol blend wall ethanol emissions ethanol ether diesel fuel ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol to gas Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethylbenzene ethylene ethyl levulinate (EL) ets eucalyptus European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order executive order--state externalities extremophiles f F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farmers farming farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation 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follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources forestry Forest Service forklifts fossil carbon fossil fuel Frace fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) free fatty acids (FFA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon gallium games gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasificatio gasification gasoline gasoline-range hydrocarbons gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gas prices gas tax/highway user fee Gemany General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal Germany Gerrmany Ghana ghg GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) giant cane Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo gliricidia sepium global warming glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grains grain sorghum/milo grain speculators GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grease Great Green Fleet Greece green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy Green Jobs Greenland Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana gypsum Haiti Halophytes harvesting harvest site processing Hawai'i hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ health health benefits health effects heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel heat of combustion heat of vaporization Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras Honge tree nuts Hong Kong horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO20 HVO100 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrids Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrocarbon fuels hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen hydrogen aircraft hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogen carrier hydrogen combustion engines hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen leaks hydrogenolysis hydrogen pipeline hydrogen price hydrogen pumps hydrogen terminal hydropower Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal gasification hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export India Indiana Indian grass indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesi Indonesia industrial burners industrial ethanol industrial gases industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated biorefineries integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine internal combustion engine/gasoline engine ban International international balance of payments International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Sustainability and Carbon Certification model(ISCC) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit Invvesting ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron iron oxide IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isobutylene isomerisation isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA Jamaica Japan jatobá Jatropha Jersey Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 jet B Jetfuel (Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs Joint Office of Energy and Transportation jojoba Jordan JP-4 JP-5 JP-8 JP-10 Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education kalanchoe Kansas 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and acquisitions mesquite methan methanation methane/ methane/biomethane methane leaks methani methanization Methanol/Biomethanol/Renewable Methanol methanol fuel cells methanol price Mexico Michelin GreenX Challenge Michigan micro-crop microalgae microbial electrosynthesis microbiology microo microorganisms/microbes Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels millet millettia pinnata milo stover mineralization minerals mining Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold molinia molybdenum MON (Motor Octane Number) Monaco Mongolia mongongo monitoring/measuring reporting verifiction (MRV) Montana moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles motors MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES3 (MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator model) MOVES2014 Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed mvr Myanmar n-butanol n-butene nahar Namibia nano nanocatalysts nanocellulose nanomaterials nano particles naphtha/bionaphtha/renewable naphtha naphthene NASCAR National Academies of Science National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) National Environmental Policy Act National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Laboratory Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Oilheat Research Alliance National Research Council National Science Foundation (NSF) national security National Security Council National Transportation Safety Board National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) Native American tribes natural g natural gas natural gas input natural gasoline natural gas prices natural gas vehicles Navy Nebraska neem negative carbon emissions neodymium Nepal net energy balance Netherland Netherlands Nevada New Brunswick Newfoundland Newfoundland and Labrador new fuel approval New Guinea New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New South Wales New York New Zealand next generation biofuels next generation vehicles Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakora North Dakota Northeast Northern Ireland Northern Territory North Korea Northwest Territories Norway Noth Dakota Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds nuclear Nunavut nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition nut shells oak oat hulls oats oat straw Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and 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